Signaling indication method, device and system of intelligent metasurface and storage medium

Abstract

This invention discloses a signaling indication method, apparatus, system, and storage medium for intelligent metasurfaces. The method includes: determining configuration information of a second communication node, wherein the second communication node is an intelligent metasurface or an intelligent metasurface controller; and indicating the configuration information to the second communication node via control signaling. The configuration information includes at least one of pattern activation time information, operating mode information, and indication information, wherein the indication information includes at least one of pattern indication information, parameterized indication information, and incremental update indication information. This invention is compatible with passive, active, and hybrid intelligent metasurfaces, and supports intelligent metasurface signaling indication schemes that link near-field focusing and cascaded channel training. It can reduce control overhead and improve timing availability and link performance in coverage enhancement, interference suppression, and near-field focusing scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a signaling indication method, apparatus, system, and storage medium for a smart metasurface, belonging to the field of mobile communication and wireless access technology. Background Technology

[0002] Millimeter-wave communication and massive MIMO can improve system capacity, but they still suffer from severe coverage fading and interference problems in scenarios such as obstruction and edge coverage. Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) can reconstruct the electromagnetic propagation environment without introducing or with minimal introduction of radio frequency links by programmably controlling the reflection / transmission coefficients of a large number of scattering units, thereby achieving capabilities such as coverage enhancement, interference suppression, and near-field focusing.

[0003] However, existing technologies for controlling smart metasurfaces typically face the following drawbacks: Firstly, smart metasurfaces have a large number of scattering units and a high dimensionality of configurable parameters. If phase / amplitude configuration is explicitly issued unit by unit, the control signaling overhead will increase significantly, making it difficult to meet the latency and overhead constraints of high-speed movement, frequent updates, and multi-user parallel service scenarios. Secondly, passive, active, and hybrid smart metasurfaces differ in their operating modes, power consumption constraints, and timing responses. Without a unified and scalable signaling representation, complex mode combinations and insufficient interoperability can easily occur. Furthermore, smart metasurface auxiliary links usually rely on training reference signals to complete cascaded channel estimation. Without a triggering and activation timing mechanism linked to the control of the smart metasurface, it is difficult to ensure that the configuration activation time matches the measurement resources.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need to propose an intelligent metasurface signaling indication scheme that is compatible with passive, active, and hybrid intelligent metasurfaces while keeping control overhead manageable, and that can support near-field focusing and cascaded channel training linkage, in order to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a signaling indication method, apparatus, system and storage medium for intelligent metasurfaces, which is compatible with passive intelligent metasurfaces, active intelligent metasurfaces and hybrid intelligent metasurfaces, and can support intelligent metasurface signaling indication schemes that link near-field focusing and cascaded channel training. It can reduce control overhead and improve timing availability and link performance in coverage enhancement, interference suppression and near-field focusing scenarios.

[0006] The first objective of this invention is to provide a signaling indication method for a smart metasurface.

[0007] A second objective of this invention is to provide a signaling indication device for a smart metasurface.

[0008] A third objective of this invention is to provide a signaling indication system for a smart metasurface.

[0009] A fourth objective of this invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.

[0010] The first objective of this invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solution:

[0011] A signaling indication method for a smart metasurface, applied to a first communication node, the method comprising:

[0012] Determine the configuration information of the second communication node, which is a smart metasurface or a smart metasurface controller;

[0013] The configuration information is indicated to the second communication node via control signaling;

[0014] The configuration information includes at least one of pattern effective time information, working mode information, and indication information, and the indication information includes at least one of pattern indication information, parameterization indication information, and incremental update indication information.

[0015] The pattern effective time information is used to indicate the effective time of the configuration information;

[0016] The operating mode information is used to indicate the surface state and / or power state of the intelligent metasurface;

[0017] The pattern indication information is used to indicate that the second communication node adopts a pre-configured reflection pattern, transmission pattern or absorption pattern;

[0018] The parameterized indication information is used to instruct the second communication node to generate a phase surface based on a preset generation model to form a beam or achieve near-field focusing;

[0019] The incremental update indication information is used to instruct the second communication node to perform phase incremental update on the selected subarray relative to the reference pattern, and when the smart metasurface is an active smart metasurface or a hybrid smart metasurface, it is also used to instruct the second communication node to perform amplitude incremental update on the selected subarray relative to the reference pattern.

[0020] Furthermore, the control signaling is group-shared downlink control information, and is scrambled via a smart metasurface dedicated wireless network temporary identifier or a smart metasurface multicast temporary identifier.

[0021] Furthermore, the group consists of N blocks of downlink control information, numbered from 1 to N. Each block includes a k-bit field for indicating the configuration of the smart metasurface. The starting position of the block, the number of bits k, and the number of blocks N are configured to the second communication node by higher-layer signaling.

[0022] Furthermore, different blocks are used to indicate at least one of the following scenarios:

[0023] At the same time, different users are given corresponding pattern or phase configurations;

[0024] At different times, the same user is given separate instructions regarding the effective time of the drawing and the drawing instruction information.

[0025] Indicate patterns or incremental update parameters for different subarrays of the same user.

[0026] Furthermore, the control signaling is hierarchical control signaling, including first-level control signaling and second-level control signaling;

[0027] The first-level control signaling is used to indicate a wide pattern or subarray set;

[0028] The second-level control signaling is used to indicate the incremental update parameters within the narrow pattern or the subarray set.

[0029] Furthermore, determining the configuration information of the second communication node also includes:

[0030] Configure a sharing mode for the second communication node, wherein the sharing mode includes one of static sharing, time-domain sharing, and spatial sharing;

[0031] The indication priority for the second communication node is determined based on a conflict resolution strategy, which includes one of time-domain priority, cell occupancy priority, and joint optimization.

[0032] Furthermore, determining the configuration information of the second communication node also includes:

[0033] Configure the intelligent metasurface-related channel state information of the third communication node so that the third communication node reports the channel state information reference signal resource indication-reflection pattern indication pair. The third communication node is a terminal. The intelligent metasurface-related channel state information includes at least one of reflection pattern indication, focusing parameter indication, differential indication and intelligent metasurface path quality index. The channel state information reference signal resource indication is used to indicate reference signal resources, and the reflection pattern indication is used to indicate the corresponding intelligent metasurface pattern or phase configuration.

[0034] Furthermore, the intelligent metasurface-related channel state information includes a top K candidate list, which further includes K candidate reflection pattern indicators and / or K candidate channel state information reference signal resource indicator-reflection pattern indicator pairs, as well as their respective quality metrics. The quality metrics include at least one of reference signal received power, signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, and throughput gain estimate; wherein K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0035] Furthermore, the timing for the third communication device to report the top K candidate lists includes at least one of the following: periodic reporting; reporting triggered when the candidate quality metric value changes more than a preset threshold relative to the previous report; reporting triggered after receiving a training trigger or reference signal trigger indication; and reporting triggered when the results of cell handover, beam switching, or smart metasurface shared arbitration change.

[0036] Furthermore, the third communication device employs a compressed reporting method for the top K candidate lists. The compressed reporting method includes at least one of the following: reporting only the index and ranking of candidate reflection pattern indicators and / or candidate channel state information reference signal resource indicators; using differential coding or run-length coding for candidate indices; using quantization reporting with quantization bit configuration for quality metrics; and using bitmap indicators or codebook references for candidate sets.

[0037] Furthermore, the pattern effective time information includes one of the effective time slot offset and the effective symbol offset;

[0038] The effective time slot offset is used to indicate the effective time slot offset from the time slot in which the control signaling is received;

[0039] The effective symbol offset is used to indicate the effective start symbol index and duration;

[0040] The pattern activation time information includes the activation symbol offset. The determination of the configuration information for the second communication node also includes:

[0041] Configure the second communication node switching protection rules so that the physical time for the second communication node to switch from one phase configuration to another phase configuration is less than the cyclic prefix length, and when the physical time is greater than or equal to the cyclic prefix length, configure the masking symbol rules so that no data is sent during the switching period or the smart metasurface enters the absorption state.

[0042] Furthermore, the control signaling carries validity duration information to indicate that the configuration information remains valid across multiple time slots or symbols.

[0043] Furthermore, the control signaling includes a sequence identifier, and the first communication node and / or the second communication node perform at least one of the following consistency processes:

[0044] Configure the sequence window size so that the second communication node only accepts sequence identifiers that fall into the sequence window;

[0045] When a control signaling indicating a repeating sequence is received, the control signaling is ignored to achieve idempotency.

[0046] Configure a maximum allowed late threshold, and discard the control signaling when the control signaling exceeds the threshold.

[0047] Furthermore, when the smart metasurface is an active smart metasurface or a hybrid smart metasurface, determining the configuration information of the second communication node further includes:

[0048] The configuration supports a set of protection modes so that the second communication node automatically enters a protection state when it detects a thermal alarm, a stability alarm, or a power budget exceeding the limit. The protection state includes at least one of the following: derating state, passive degradation state, absorption state, and shutdown state.

[0049] Configure protection trigger reporting and recovery strategies so that when the second communication node enters the protection state, it reports the protection state identifier and / or remaining power budget, and when the recovery conditions are met, the first communication node instructs it to recover from the protection state to the active or passive operating state; when the second communication node enters the derating state, it keeps the phase configuration unchanged and limits the amplitude to the upper limit indicated by the amplitude upper limit index; when the second communication node enters the passive degradation state, it shuts down the active capability and keeps the reflection / transmission phase configuration or switches to the pre-configured passive pattern.

[0050] Furthermore, the protection trigger reporting and recovery strategy includes protection trigger condition configuration, which includes at least one of thermal alarm threshold, stability alarm threshold, power budget threshold, and dwell time timer; when the second communication node detects that any threshold exceeds the limit and the duration reaches the dwell time timer, it enters the corresponding protection state and reports the protection state identifier and / or the remaining power budget.

[0051] Furthermore, the protection trigger reporting and recovery strategy includes recovery condition configuration, which includes at least one of recovery threshold, threshold hysteresis, and recovery waiting timer; the second communication node allows recovery from the protection state only when the over-limit indicator recovers to within the recovery threshold and satisfies the recovery waiting timer.

[0052] Furthermore, the configuration information also includes amplitude control information, which includes at least one of amplitude level index, amplitude upper limit index, and amplitude rise / fall curve index; wherein, the second communication node completes amplitude adjustment within a preset time according to the amplitude rise / fall curve.

[0053] Furthermore, the amplitude control information is configured for the subarrays indicated by the active subarray selection mask; subarrays not indicated by the active subarray selection mask operate in passive mode or maintain the reference amplitude configuration.

[0054] Furthermore, determining the configuration information of the second communication node also includes:

[0055] The system broadcasts smart metasurface deployment information, which includes at least one of the following: the cell identifier where the smart metasurface is located, the location of the smart metasurface, the orientation of the smart metasurface panel, the size of the smart metasurface panel, and the frequency band supported by the smart metasurface.

[0056] Receive and store smart metasurface capability information and / or power consumption information. The smart metasurface capability information includes at least one of panel row and column number, phase quantization bit number, number of simultaneously configurable beams, tuning delay and smart metasurface type. The power consumption information includes at least one of static power consumption, unit control power consumption, sleep mode support and wake-up time.

[0057] Configure the control link type, listening duty cycle, and reliability template based on the intelligent metasurface capability information and / or power consumption information.

[0058] Furthermore, the smart metasurface deployment information also includes at least one of smart metasurface identifier, smart metasurface type, default mode, and deployment information version, so that the third communication node can trigger reselection and retraining when the deployment information is updated.

[0059] Furthermore, the intelligent metasurface capability information also includes at least one of the following: tuning delay profile, supported control semantic set, and capability version; the reliability template includes retransmission count, acknowledgment mode, and redundant bearer template; after configuring the control link type, listening duty cycle, and reliability template based on the intelligent metasurface capability information and / or power consumption information, the method further includes: configuring a default pattern identifier and training window.

[0060] Furthermore, the control signaling includes a pattern indication type field, used to indicate that the configuration information adopts one or more of the following three indication modes:

[0061] The pattern identifier reference mode, wherein the pattern indication information includes the pattern identifier;

[0062] A parameterized generation mode, wherein the parameterized indication information includes an azimuth index and / or an elevation index;

[0063] Incremental update mode, the incremental update indication information includes at least subarray selection information and phase increment step.

[0064] Furthermore, in the parameterized generation mode, the parameterized indication information also includes at least one of a focus distance index and a phase gradient index.

[0065] Furthermore, in the incremental update mode, the incremental update indication information also includes at least one of the reference pattern identifier and the magnitude increment step.

[0066] Furthermore, the subarray selection information is encoded in any of the following ways: subarray mask; subarray identifier list; subarray set index, wherein the subarray set index is used to reference a subarray set pre-configured by higher-layer signaling.

[0067] Furthermore, the operating mode information includes surface state, which includes at least one of reflection, transmission, absorption, and bypass; when the smart metasurface is an active smart metasurface or a hybrid smart metasurface, the operating mode information also includes power state, which includes at least one of passive, active, and derating.

[0068] Furthermore, the control signaling also includes an active subarray selection mask for indicating the set of subarrays with active capabilities enabled in a hybrid RIS or active smart metasurface.

[0069] The second objective of this invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solution:

[0070] A signaling indication method for a smart metasurface, applied to a second communication node, the method comprising:

[0071] Receive control signaling sent by the first communication node;

[0072] Parse the configuration information from the control signaling;

[0073] Based on the configuration information, the scattering unit or subarray of the smart metasurface is configured with parameters, and the parameter configuration is applied when the pattern takes effect.

[0074] The configuration information includes at least one of pattern effective time information, working mode information, and indication information, and the indication information includes at least one of pattern indication information, parameterization indication information, and incremental update indication information.

[0075] The pattern effective time information is used to indicate the effective time of the configuration information;

[0076] The operating mode information is used to indicate the surface state and / or power state of the intelligent metasurface;

[0077] The pattern indication information is used to indicate that the second communication node adopts a pre-configured reflection pattern, transmission pattern or absorption pattern;

[0078] The parameterized indication information is used to instruct the second communication node to generate a phase surface based on a preset generation model to form a beam or achieve near-field focusing;

[0079] The incremental update indication information is used to instruct the second communication node to perform phase incremental update on the selected subarray relative to the reference pattern, and when the smart metasurface is an active smart metasurface or a hybrid smart metasurface, it is also used to instruct the second communication node to perform amplitude incremental update on the selected subarray relative to the reference pattern.

[0080] The second objective of this invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solution:

[0081] A signaling indication device for a smart metasurface, applied to a first communication node, the device comprising:

[0082] The configuration determination module is used to determine the configuration information of the second communication node, which is a smart metasurface or a smart metasurface controller.

[0083] The signaling indication module is used to indicate the configuration information to the second communication node via control signaling;

[0084] The configuration information includes at least one of pattern effective time information, working mode information, and indication information, and the indication information includes at least one of pattern indication information, parameterization indication information, and incremental update indication information.

[0085] The pattern effective time information is used to indicate the effective time of the configuration information;

[0086] The operating mode information is used to indicate the surface state and / or power state of the intelligent metasurface;

[0087] The pattern indication information is used to indicate that the second communication node adopts a pre-configured reflection pattern, transmission pattern or absorption pattern;

[0088] The parameterized indication information is used to instruct the second communication node to generate a phase surface based on a preset generation model to form a beam or achieve near-field focusing;

[0089] The incremental update indication information is used to instruct the second communication node to perform phase incremental update on the selected subarray relative to the reference pattern, and when the smart metasurface is an active smart metasurface or a hybrid smart metasurface, it is also used to instruct the second communication node to perform amplitude incremental update on the selected subarray relative to the reference pattern.

[0090] The second objective of this invention can also be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0091] A signaling indication device for a smart metasurface, applied to a second communication node, the device comprising:

[0092] The signaling receiving module is used to receive control signaling sent by the first communication node;

[0093] The signaling parsing module is used to parse configuration information from the control signaling;

[0094] The parameter configuration module is used to configure the parameters of the scattering unit or subarray of the smart metasurface based on the configuration information, and apply the parameter configuration when the pattern takes effect.

[0095] The configuration information includes at least one of pattern effective time information, working mode information, and indication information, and the indication information includes at least one of pattern indication information, parameterization indication information, and incremental update indication information.

[0096] The pattern effective time information is used to indicate the effective time of the configuration information;

[0097] The operating mode information is used to indicate the surface state and / or power state of the intelligent metasurface;

[0098] The pattern indication information is used to indicate that the second communication node adopts a pre-configured reflection pattern, transmission pattern or absorption pattern;

[0099] The parameterized indication information is used to instruct the second communication node to generate a phase surface based on a preset generation model to form a beam or achieve near-field focusing;

[0100] The incremental update indication information is used to instruct the second communication node to perform phase incremental update on the selected subarray relative to the reference pattern, and when the smart metasurface is an active smart metasurface or a hybrid smart metasurface, it is also used to instruct the second communication node to perform amplitude incremental update on the selected subarray relative to the reference pattern.

[0101] The third objective of this invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solution:

[0102] A signaling indication system for an intelligent metasurface includes a first communication node, a second communication node, and a third communication node. The second communication node is an intelligent metasurface or an intelligent metasurface controller, and the third communication node is a terminal. The first communication node is connected to the second communication node and the third communication node, respectively, and the second communication node is connected to the third communication node.

[0103] The first communication node is configured to execute a signaling indication method applied to the first communication node;

[0104] The second communication node is a smart metasurface or a smart metasurface controller, used to execute signaling indication methods applied to the second communication node;

[0105] The third communication node is a terminal used to complete measurement or data reception under the intelligent metasurface assisted link.

[0106] The fourth objective of this invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solution:

[0107] A computer-readable storage medium storing a program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described signaling instruction method.

[0108] The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0109] This invention enables unified and scalable control of passive, active, and hybrid intelligent metasurfaces while meeting different mobility and overhead constraints. It reduces the control load of large-scale intelligent metasurface configuration through pattern referencing and parameterization, supports high-frequency dynamic tracking and avoids unit-by-unit updates through subarray granular incremental updates, improves the timing availability of scheduling and configuration activation through explicit pattern activation time and effective duration information, enhances the compatibility and scalability of pattern expression through two-layer operating mode information, and improves the efficiency of cascaded channel estimation through linkage with training reference signal triggering, thereby improving link performance in coverage enhancement, interference suppression, and near-field focusing scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0110] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0111] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the signaling indication system of the intelligent metasurface in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0112] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the signaling indication method for the smart metasurface in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0113] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the group-shared downlink control information block indication smart metasurface configuration in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0114] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the block-based intelligent metasurface indication process for the group-wide downlink control information in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0115] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hierarchical control signaling in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0116] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the hierarchical control signaling process in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0117] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the subarray mask and phase stepping in the incremental update mode of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0118] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the multi-user sharing and conflict arbitration process in Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

[0119] Figure 9 This is a flowchart of amplitude control, timing alignment, and protection degradation in Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

[0120] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the association between channel state information reference signal resource indication and intelligent metasurface training in Embodiment 8 of the present invention.

[0121] Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating the linkage between intelligent metasurface-related channel state information feedback and channel state information reference signal resource indication-reflection pattern indication pair in Embodiment 8 of the present invention.

[0122] Figure 12 This is a flowchart of symbol-level switching protection and shielding symbols in Embodiment 9 of the present invention.

[0123] Figure 13 This is a flowchart of the deployment information broadcasting and capability reporting process in Embodiment 10 of the present invention.

[0124] Figure 14 This is a flowchart of the signaling indication method for the smart metasurface in Embodiment 11 of the present invention.

[0125] Figure 15 This is a structural block diagram of the signaling indication device for the intelligent metasurface in Embodiment 12 of the present invention.

[0126] Figure 16 This is a structural block diagram of the signaling indication device for the intelligent metasurface in Embodiment 13 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0127] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0128] Example 1:

[0129] Existing intelligent metasurface control schemes typically face the following problems in engineering implementation: First, intelligent metasurfaces are composed of a large number of scattering units. If phase / amplitude configuration is explicitly issued unit by unit, the control signaling overhead will be too large, making it difficult to meet the latency and overhead constraints of high-speed movement, frequent updates, and multi-user parallel service scenarios. Second, passive, active, and hybrid intelligent metasurfaces differ significantly in terms of operating modes and power consumption constraints. When the control signaling lacks a unified and scalable representation, problems such as complex mode combinations and poor interoperability easily arise. Third, the auxiliary link of the intelligent metasurface needs to rely on training reference signals to complete cascaded channel estimation. When there is no triggering and timing mechanism for linkage with the intelligent metasurface control, it is difficult to ensure that the configuration activation time matches the measurement resources. Therefore, a signaling indication method for intelligent metasurfaces is needed.

[0130] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a signaling indication system for a smart metasurface. The system includes a first communication node 101, a second communication node 102, and a third communication node 103. The first communication node 101 can be a macro cell base station, a cell base station, or a transmission node, a TRP (Transmission and Reception Point), a satellite node, or a network-side control node. The second communication node 102 is a smart metasurface (panel) or a smart metasurface controller. The third communication node 103 is a terminal (UE), etc. The first communication node 101 is connected to the second communication node 102 and the third communication node 103, respectively. The second communication node 102 is connected to the third communication node 103. The third communication node 103 is used to complete measurement or data reception under the smart metasurface auxiliary link.

[0131] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a signaling indication method for a smart metasurface. This method is executed through a first communication node and includes the following steps:

[0132] S201. Determine the configuration information of the second communication node.

[0133] In this embodiment, the first communication node determines at least one user set within the coverage area of ​​the smart metasurface, and determines the smart metasurface configuration information for the user set as the configuration information for the second communication node.

[0134] S202, Indicate configuration information to the second communication node through control signaling.

[0135] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the first communication node generates control signaling, which is group shared downlink control information (DCI). The group shared downlink control information is scrambled via a Smart Metasurface Private Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RIS-RNTI) or a Smart Metasurface Multicast Temporary Identifier. The group shared downlink control information consists of N blocks numbered from block 1 to block number N, and each block includes a k-bit field for indicating the configuration of the smart metasurface. The first communication node sends the group shared downlink control information to the second communication node to indicate the configuration information.

[0136] To ensure the stable implementation of this embodiment in engineering projects, the "block-based bearer" of the group's downlink control information can be refined as follows:

[0137] (a) Pre-configuration and object binding

[0138] Before or in parallel with step S201, the first communication node may pre-configure at least the following information to the second communication node via higher-layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer or system information / dedicated configuration) so that the second communication node can deterministically parse and apply the corresponding block after receiving the group-shared downlink control information:

[0139] (1) Block structure parameters: number of blocks N, number of bits per block k, block start position blockStartOffset, block alignment (bit alignment / byte alignment) and block stride;

[0140] (2) Block mapping parameters: the mapping rules between block number and “controlled object”, the controlled object includes at least one of the following: user identifier (e.g., C-RNTI or intra-group index), smart metasurface path identifier (e.g., RIS Path Id), subarray set index subArraySetId, training sequence index trainingSequenceId;

[0141] (3) Intra-block field template: To reduce parsing ambiguity, the intra-block field order and bit width are pre-configured, for example {patternMode, patternId / paramIndex / subArrayBitmap, deltaPhaseStep, deltaAmpStep (optional), applyTime, validityDuration (optional), surfaceState, powerState (optional), activeMask (optional), sequenceId (optional)}.

[0142] The block mapping parameters can take two typical forms:

[0143] (a) Explicit mapping: The first communication node directly sends the correspondence table of block number and object index through higher-layer signaling;

[0144] (b) Rule mapping: The block number is assigned to the terminal index within the group in sequence, or to the set index of the smart metasurface subarray in sequence, thereby reducing the frequency of higher layer signaling updates.

[0145] (ii) Optional combinations and typical uses of fields within a block

[0146] In step S202, the k-bit field of each block can carry one or more of the following three types of control semantics, and the semantics used are determined by a pre-configured field template or a block flag:

[0147] (1) Pattern Identifier Reference: The reflection / transmission / absorption patterns in the pre-configured codebook are referenced by patternId to achieve low-overhead and fast switching;

[0148] (2) Parametric generation: The low-dimensional parameter set is indicated by the azimuth index, elevation index, focus distance index, and / or phase gradient index, so that the second communication node generates the phase surface according to the preset generation model.

[0149] (3) Incremental update: Select the target subarray by subarray mask subArrayBitmap / subarray identifier list subArrayIdList / subarray set index subArraySetId, and update it relative to the reference pattern by phase increment step deltaPhaseStep (and optional amplitude increment step deltaAmpStep).

[0150] The block may also contain pattern activation time information (such as applySlotOffset or applySymbolOffset) to ensure timing consistency between "indication - activation - measurement / data scheduling"; and may contain validityDuration information to indicate retention across time slots, so that the second communication node continues to use the configuration within the validity period without repeated distribution.

[0151] (III) Rules for parsing and applying the second communication node

[0152] After receiving the group-shared downlink control information, the second communication node can perform the following processing to ensure interpretability and security:

[0153] (1) Integrity check: Locate each block according to the pre-configured N, k, blockStartOffset and blockStride, and verify the block number range;

[0154] (2) Object selection: Determine the set of blocks that this node needs to process based on the block mapping parameters (e.g., blocks belonging to this smart metasurface, subarrays managed by this smart metasurface controller, or target terminal sets).

[0155] (3) Field parsing: Extract patternId / parameterized index / incremental update parameters, applyTime, surfaceState / powerState, etc. from the field template within the block;

[0156] (4) Consistency processing (optional): When a sequenceId exists in the block, deduplication and late arrival are performed by combining the sequence window size sequenceWindowSize and the maximum allowed late arrival threshold maxLateApply; if the sequenceId is duplicated, it is ignored idempotently; if applyTime has expired and exceeds maxLateApply, it is discarded.

[0157] (5) Application and retention: When the effective time indicated by applySlotOffset / applySymbolOffset is reached, the phase / amplitude configuration is applied to the corresponding subarray / scattering unit; the configuration is retained within the validityDuration until it is overwritten by a new block or the validity period ends.

[0158] (iv) Examples of block-based transport in three typical business scenarios

[0159] For ease of understanding, block-based carrying can be further refined as follows:

[0160] (1) Multi-user control at the same time: Block 1 to Block M are respectively bound to different terminals or different terminal group indexes, and the same DCI simultaneously issues multiple patternId or parameterized indexes;

[0161] (2) Control by the same user at multiple times: Block i carries {applySlotOffset_i, patternId_i}, and block j carries {applySlotOffset_j, patternId_j}, so that the same terminal can switch the smart metasurface pattern at different time points;

[0162] (3) Block / subarray parallel service: The block number is bound to the subArraySetId. Different blocks control the patternId / incremental update parameters of different subarray sets to achieve space reuse or parallel service.

[0163] Through the aforementioned block-based bearer and pre-configuration, the first communication node can achieve intelligent metasurface control of multiple objects, multiple times, and multiple subarrays in a single group of shared downlink control information, thereby reducing control surface latency and additional overhead and improving scheduling flexibility.

[0164] Example 2:

[0165] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment uses layered control signaling (two-level control signaling) as an example for illustration, specifically including:

[0166] S301, The first communication node generates and sends a first-level control signaling to indicate a wide pattern or subarray set. The first-level control signaling carries the pattern identifier patternId or the subarray set index subArraySetId.

[0167] S302, The first communication node generates and sends a second-level control signaling, which is used to indicate a narrow pattern or incremental update parameters within the range defined by the first-level control signaling. The second-level control signaling carries subarray selection information and phase increment step deltaPhaseStep.

[0168] To further illustrate the engineering implementation of two-level control signaling in a "low overhead + high frequency tracking" scenario, this embodiment can be refined as follows:

[0169] (a) Division of roles in two-level control

[0170] Level 1 control signaling (coarse-grained) is used to establish a "stable base" and must perform at least one of the following functions:

[0171] (1) Select a wide pattern: Select a reflection or transmission pattern that covers a wider angular domain / wider area by using the pattern identifier patternId;

[0172] (2) Selecting a subarray set: The pre-configured subarray set is referenced by the subarray set index subArraySetId, so that subsequent control is limited to this set;

[0173] (3) Parametric generation: When needed, near-field / far-field phase surface references are established using azimuthIndex, elevationIndex, focusDistanceIndex, etc.

[0174] The second-level control signaling (fine-grained) is used for rapid fine-tuning within the constraints of the "stable base" and must perform at least one of the following functions:

[0175] (1) Local incremental update: Select a portion of the subarrays within the set by subarray selection information and superimpose the phase increment step deltaPhaseStep;

[0176] (2) Active / hybrid amplitude fine-tuning (optional): When needed, carry amplitude increment step deltaAmpStep or amplitude level index ampLevelIndex, etc., to perform amplitude fine-tuning on the subarray indicated by the active subarray selection mask activeMask;

[0177] (3) Refine the effective timing: The effective symbol offset applySymbolOffset indicates the symbol level to match short burst training or fast switching.

[0178] (ii) Coordination of time sequence and validity period

[0179] To avoid increased overhead caused by frequent issuance of Level 1 control signaling, Level 1 control signaling can carry validity duration and adopt a longer validity period (e.g., maintained across multiple time slots). Level 2 control signaling can adopt a shorter validity period or not carry validity duration, with its update cycle controlled by network-side policies.

[0180] When both the first-level control signaling and the second-level control signaling include applyTime, the following preferred rule can be adopted to ensure consistency:

[0181] (1) The applyTime of the second-level control signaling is not earlier than the applyTime of the first-level control signaling;

[0182] (2) The second-level control signaling is accepted and applied only when the effective time of the second-level control signaling instruction falls within the validityDuration window of the first-level control signaling;

[0183] (3) When the Level 1 control signaling expires or is overwritten by a new Level 1 control signaling, the Level 2 control signaling that has not yet taken effect or still relies on the old base station is discarded or reset.

[0184] (III) Field Explicitization and Resolution Determinism of Two-Level Control

[0185] To reduce parsing ambiguity, the first-level control signaling can explicitly indicate the use of either Mode A (pattern identifier reference) or Mode B (parameterized generation); the second-level control signaling explicitly indicates the use of Mode C (incremental update). The second communication node performs selective field parsing based on this explicit mode, thereby avoiding misjudgments caused by field multiplexing in bit-scarce scenarios.

[0186] (iv) Examples of "coarse-to-fine" refinement in near-field focusing

[0187] When in a near-field focusing scenario:

[0188] (1) The first-level control signaling selects focusDistanceIndex and combines it with azimuthIndex / elevationIndex to form a focus phase plane so that the focus point falls into the expected area;

[0189] (2) The second-level control signaling superimposes deltaPhaseStep onto the local subarray to compensate for the phase error caused by terminal movement or environmental disturbance, thereby achieving fast tracking without re-issuing the complete parameterized index.

[0190] Example 3:

[0191] This embodiment uses the combination of near-field focusing and incremental fine-tuning as an example for illustration, specifically including:

[0192] S401, the first communication node determines that the parameterized generation mode is adopted, and instructs the second communication node (intelligent metasurface) to focus distance index focusDistanceIndex, azimuth index azimuthIndex and / or elevation index elevationIndex, so that the intelligent metasurface generates a near-field focusing phase surface.

[0193] S402. When the third communication node (terminal) moves or environmental disturbances cause the focal point to shift, the first communication node determines to adopt the incremental update mode and instructs the subarray selection information and phase increment step deltaPhaseStep to fine-tune the local subarray. In the incremental update mode, the subarray mask and phase step are as follows: Figure 7 As shown.

[0194] To ensure that "parametric near-field focusing + incremental fine-tuning" can cover scenarios such as strong near-field coupling, terminal micro-motion, and occlusion changes, this embodiment is further refined as follows:

[0195] (a) Pre-configuration and model / mesh

[0196] Before or in parallel with step S401, the first communication node may pre-configure and / or send the following content:

[0197] (1) Generation Model Id: Used to define the phase surface generation method (e.g., focused phase surface / direction phase surface / phase gradient model);

[0198] (2) Angle domain grid: the set of angles and the number of quantization bits corresponding to azimuthIndex / elevationIndex;

[0199] (3) Distance grid: The set of focusing distances corresponding to focusDistanceIndex. The distance grid can use non-uniform quantization to improve near-range accuracy;

[0200] (4) Subarray partitioning and set: the definition of subArrayBitmap / subArrayIdList / subArraySetId and their correspondence with physical location.

[0201] (ii) Object binding and field templates

[0202] In near-field focusing scenarios, the first communication node can bind parameterized configurations to the following objects:

[0203] (1) Intelligent metasurface identifier risId / RIS path identifier risPathId: used for selection in multi-RIS / multi-path scenarios;

[0204] (2) Target terminal or terminal group: used to correspond the focal point with the target terminal location / estimated location;

[0205] (3) Reference signal resources: used to align the "focus parameters - measurement resources".

[0206] The following field template conventions can be used: {generationModelId, azimuthIndex, elevationIndex, focusDistanceIndex (optional), phaseGradientIndex (optional), applyTime, validityDuration (optional)}.

[0207] (III) The activation and maintenance of parametric focusing

[0208] In step S401, the first communication node may further:

[0209] S401-1. Determine the set of target parameters for the focal point (or focal region) and generate the corresponding index;

[0210] S401-2. Configure applySlotOffset / applySymbolOffset to make the focused phase plane take effect before training / data;

[0211] S401-3, Optional configuration of validityDuration to maintain focus parameters across time slots and avoid duplicate distribution in each time slot.

[0212] (iv) Triggering conditions and range limitations for incremental fine-tuning

[0213] In S402, the first communication node may trigger incremental fine-tuning based on at least one of the following events: a change in the position estimate of the third communication node, a change in the channel state information (CSI) feedback exceeding a threshold, a change in the Top-K candidate, or a decrease in the measured smart metasurface path quality.

[0214] To control overhead, incremental fine-tuning can be limited to:

[0215] (1) Local subarray: The subarray selection information only selects the subarray near the main lobe of the focus;

[0216] (2) Small step: deltaPhaseStep uses a preset discrete step set;

[0217] (3) Short validity period: Configure a shorter validity period for fine-tuning instructions or have it overridden by subsequent commands.

[0218] (v) Amplitude coordination of active / hybrid smart metasurfaces (optional)

[0219] When the smart metasurface is of a hybrid or active type, the first communication node can coordinate the amplitude during fine-tuning:

[0220] S402-1, optionally carrying deltaAmpStep or ampLevelIndex for subarray adjustment of activeMask indication;

[0221] S402-2, optionally carrying amplitude upper limit index ampCeilingIndex to meet upper limit control under thermal / power consumption / regulatory constraints;

[0222] S402-3, when entering DERATE or PASSIVE_FALLBACK, prioritize maintaining phase continuity and limit amplitude changes to avoid abrupt changes in the focal point.

[0223] (vi) Consistency processing (optional)

[0224] When parameterized configuration and incremental fine-tuning alternate frequently, a sequenceId can be maintained for each type of command, or a sequenceId window can be maintained for the same focused session, in order to avoid misapplication of "fine-tuning first and then base".

[0225] Example 4:

[0226] This embodiment uses a two-level mode control as an example for illustration, specifically including:

[0227] S501, The first communication node indicates the surface state (surfaceState) in the control signaling to control the smart metasurface to be in a reflective, transmissive, absorbing, or bypass state.

[0228] S502. When the smart metasurface is an active smart metasurface or a hybrid smart metasurface, the first communication node further indicates the power state (powerState) and optionally indicates the active subarray selection mask (activeMask) to limit the set of subarrays that enable active capabilities.

[0229] To ensure that the two-layer mode control remains consistent and scalable across passive / active / hybrid devices, this embodiment is further refined as follows:

[0230] (I) Pre-configuration and capability set

[0231] Before or in parallel with step S501, the first communication node can acquire and store the capability set of the second communication node to constrain the possible combinations of states to be issued:

[0232] (1) Surface State Set: Supports at least one of {REFLECT / TRANSMIT / ABSORB / BYPASS (reflection / transmission / absorption / bypass)};

[0233] (2) Power State Capability Set: Supports at least one of {PASSIVE / ACTIVE / DERATE};

[0234] (3) Active subarray capability: Whether activeMask is supported and the maximum number of active subarrays that can be enabled simultaneously;

[0235] (4) Amplitude control capability: Whether it supports amplitude level index, amplitude upper limit index, amplitude ceiling index, amplitude rise and fall curve index, etc.

[0236] (ii) Object binding and field templates

[0237] The first communication node can explicitly distinguish between "surface status" and "power supply status" using field templates, for example:

[0238] S500-1, the surfaceState field is used to determine electromagnetic boundary conditions (reflection / transmission / absorption / bypass).

[0239] S500-2, the powerState field is used to determine the power supply and amplification capabilities (passive / active / derating).

[0240] S500-3, the activeMask field is used to limit the set of subarrays that enable active capabilities (only valid when powerState is ACTIVE or DERATE and the capability is supported).

[0241] S500-4, Optional amplitude fields are used to constrain the amplification amplitude and rate of change (ampLevelIndex / ampCeilingIndex / ampRampProfile).

[0242] (III) Issuance and Implementation of the Two-Tier Model

[0243] In S501-S502, the first communication node may further:

[0244] S503. Determine the combination of surfaceState and powerState, and configure applySlotOffset / applySymbolOffset to ensure that mode switching is aligned with data / training timing.

[0245] S504. When powerState is ACTIVE or DERATE and activeMask is supported, configure activeMask and optionally configure the amplitude field so that the active capability is enabled only in the specified subarray.

[0246] After the second communication node reaches the effective time, it applies according to the following preferred rules: first apply powerState (power supply state), then apply surfaceState (electromagnetic surface state), and finally apply activeMask and amplitude field to reduce switching transients.

[0247] (iv) Detailed protection mode, triggering and recovery

[0248] When the second communication node detects a thermal alarm, stability alarm, or power budget overrun, it can enter protection mode and perform degradation according to the pre-configured policy:

[0249] S505-1, Entering Degradation: Maintains phase continuity and limits amplitude to the upper limit index ampCeilingIndex;

[0250] S505-2. If the trigger is persistent or more severe, enter passive degradation PASSIVE_FALLBACK: disable active capabilities and maintain / switch to the pre-configured passive pattern;

[0251] S505-3, if necessary, enter Absorb ABSORB or turn OFF to suppress interference or protect the hardware.

[0252] The first communication node can perform network-side management through commands such as forceDerate, forceAbsorb, forceOff, or clearProtectiveState; and can configure thresholds, hysteresis, and timers to ensure the stability of protection triggering / recovery.

[0253] (v) Consistency processing (optional)

[0254] To avoid state jitter caused by multi-source control or retransmission, a sequenceId can be maintained for mode control commands, and commands from different sources can be processed according to priority or a shared arbitration strategy; commands that are delayed beyond maxLateApply can be discarded.

[0255] Example 5:

[0256] This embodiment takes command consistency processing of control signaling as an example, and specifically includes:

[0257] S601. The first communication node maintains a sequence identifier (sequenceId) for the same smart metasurface or smart metasurface path, and carries the sequence identifier (sequenceId) in the control signaling.

[0258] S602. After receiving the control signaling, the second communication node (intelligent metasurface or intelligent metasurface controller) determines whether the sequence identifier sequenceId falls within the allowed window seq∈[seq_last+1,seq_last+W], where W is the sequence window size sequenceWindowSize configured by the higher-level signaling.

[0259] S603, when the sequence identifier sequenceId is repeated, the second communication node ignores the command to achieve idempotency; when the sequence identifier sequenceId jumps too much or is not within the window, the second communication node enters the synchronization loss state and triggers a reconfiguration request or waits for subsequent correction commands.

[0260] S604. The second communication node calculates the effective time slot n+k based on the receiving time slot n and the effective time slot offset applySlotOffset, and determines the degree of command delay. When the delay exceeds the maximum allowable delay threshold maxLateApply configured by the higher layer signaling, the command is discarded.

[0261] To ensure that the above consistency processing can adapt to complex scenarios such as "control signaling retransmission, receiver-side sleep, short-term link interruption, and multi-source arbitration," this embodiment is further refined as follows:

[0262] (a) Pre-configuration and object binding

[0263] Before or in parallel with step S601, the first communication node can be pre-configured via higher-layer signaling to enable the second communication node to have deterministic consistency processing capabilities:

[0264] (1) Sequence field parameters: the bit width of the sequence identifier sequenceId (seqBitWidth), the modulo period M=2^seqBitWidth, and the wrap-around processing rules;

[0265] (2) Window parameters: sequenceWindowSize=W, allow rollback / retransmission strategy (e.g., only allow retransmission of repeated seq);

[0266] (3) Timing parameters: interpretation rules for maxLateApply and applySlotOffset / applySymbolOffset;

[0267] (4) Object binding: The scope of sequenceId is bound to risId or risPathId or {risId,subArraySetId} to avoid crosstalk during parallel control of multiple intelligent metasurfaces / multi-paths.

[0268] (ii) Field templates and idempotency determination

[0269] Control signaling can use field templates {sequenceId, applyTime, validityDuration (optional), surfaceState / powerState (optional), pattern / parameterization / incremental update fields}.

[0270] When a duplicate sequenceId is received, idempotency can be achieved in the following preferred manner:

[0271] (1) Duplicates with identical content: If the payloads corresponding to the duplicate sequenceIds are identical (which can be indicated by payloadCrc or payloadHash), then they are considered retransmissions and the duplicate applications are ignored;

[0272] (2) Duplicate content: If the payload corresponding to the duplicate sequenceId is inconsistent, it is judged as abnormal and enters the synchronization loss state, triggering a reconfiguration request or waiting for a correction command.

[0273] (III) Window determination and synchronization loss handling

[0274] In step S602, the second communication node can determine the window based on the most recently accepted sequenceId (denoted as seq_last):

[0275] S602-1. Calculate the forward distance between the candidate sequence and seq_last (considering modulo wrapping).

[0276] S602-2. If the forward distance is within (0, W], it is determined as a "new command within the window";

[0277] S602-3. If the forward distance is 0, it is determined as "repeated command";

[0278] S602-4. If the forward distance is greater than W or it is determined to be a backtracking out-of-bounds error, then the synchronization loss state is entered.

[0279] When entering a synchronization loss state, the second communication node can perform at least one recovery method:

[0280] (1) Request reconfiguration: Report a syncLost indication to the first communication node (optionally carrying the current seq_last and the last effective patternId / state summary);

[0281] (2) Waiting for correction command: Waiting for a correction command carrying the resetSequence flag or the fullConfigFlag;

[0282] (3) Security maintenance: During recovery, maintain the most recently effective configuration or switch to a pre-configured security pattern (e.g., ABSORB) to reduce the risk of false reflections.

[0283] (iv) Late arrivals discarded and pending queues

[0284] In step S604, the second communication node may further maintain a "queue to take effect", with the queue elements using applyTime as the key and including {sequenceId, configuration parameter, take effect time}.

[0285] S604-1: Calculate the degree of lateness based on the receiving time and applyTime; if it exceeds maxLateApply, discard the data and optionally report the lateDrop count.

[0286] S604-2. If not late, the command will be enqueued and applied when applyTime arrives;

[0287] S604-3. If there is already a command waiting to take effect at the same applyTime, the old command will be overwritten according to priority (which can be explicitly indicated by the first communication node or by default "the one with the larger sequenceId takes precedence").

[0288] (v) Effectiveness and Status Update

[0289] S605. After the applyTime time is reached, the second communication node applies the corresponding configuration and updates seq_last; if validityDuration exists, it will remain valid until it is overwritten by a new command or expires.

[0290] Through the above refinement, the idempotency, timing consistency, and security controllability of intelligent metasurface configuration can be guaranteed in scenarios involving unreliable transmission, retransmission, and out-of-order delivery.

[0291] Example 6:

[0292] like Figure 8 As shown, taking a scenario where intelligent metasurfaces are shared resources as an example, the conflict resolution strategy is further refined, specifically including:

[0293] S801, The first communication node determines the intelligent metasurface sharing mode RIS-SharingMode, which includes at least one of static sharing, time-domain sharing, and spatial sharing.

[0294] S802, the first communication node configures the priority parameter priorityClass, the preemptionAllowed parameter for whether preemption is allowed, and the minimum hold time patternHoldTime for different users or different services.

[0295] S803. The first communication node detects whether a conflict has occurred. When a conflict occurs, the first communication node determines the indication priority of the smart metasurface according to the conflict resolution strategy. As the arbitration result, the conflict resolution strategy includes at least one of time-first, element-first, and hybrid optimization. The first communication node generates control signaling according to the arbitration result to update patternId, subarray selection information, or effective time.

[0296] In the time-shared mode, the first communication node configures a handover protection interval guardTime and avoids scheduling services that are sensitive to handover transients within guardTime, or instructs the smart metasurface to enter an absorption state to reduce the impact of handover transients.

[0297] To enable the engineering implementation of sharing and arbitration in scenarios involving "multi-user, multi-service parallel operation, preemptibility, subarray allocation, and symbol-level effectiveness," this embodiment is further refined as follows:

[0298] (a) Pre-configuration and shared objects

[0299] The first communication node can pre-configure the shared objects and assignable granularity of the smart metasurface, including:

[0300] (1) Temporal granularity: the smallest granularity allocated by time slot / by symbol, and the guard interval corresponding to guardTime;

[0301] (2) Spatial granularity: subarray partitioning, subArraySetId set, and the maximum number of beams / configurations that can be served simultaneously;

[0302] (3) Shared Session: The shared session identifier sharingSessionId is used to bind the shared rules and arbitration results within a certain time window.

[0303] (ii) Request field template binding to object

[0304] For each user or service, the first communication node can construct a "sharing request" and arbitrate it. The sharing request can use a field template:

[0305] {User ID (userId) or Business ID, Smart Metasurface ID (risId) / Smart Metasurface Path ID (risPathId), Target Configuration (e.g., patternId / parameterization / incremental update), Resource Range (time window / subarray set), Business Priority (priorityClass), Preemption Allowed (preemptionAllowed), Minimum Pattern Hold Time (patternHoldTime), ApplyTime (applyTime)}.

[0306] The resource scope is used to explicitly indicate "which time / which subarrays are occupied", avoiding the difficulty of inferring the scope of the conflict based solely on the patternId.

[0307] (III) Conflict Detection

[0308] In step S803, the first communication node can determine the conflict in the following manner:

[0309] S803-1. Calculate whether the time windows of any two requests overlap;

[0310] S803-2. Calculate whether the subarray sets of any two requests overlap;

[0311] S803-3. When a time window and a subarray set overlap simultaneously, they are identified as conflict pairs; a conflict graph is further constructed to support joint arbitration of multiple requests.

[0312] (iv) Refinement of Arbitration Strategy

[0313] In S803, timeFirst / elementFirst / hybrid can be further refined into:

[0314] (1) timeFirst: Prioritize requests from earlier applyTime or more urgent time windows; if there is a conflict within the same time window, the decision is made based on priorityClass and preemptionAllowed.

[0315] (2) elementFirst: Prioritize requests that occupy key subarrays (e.g., the main lobe subarray set) with higher priority;

[0316] (3) Hybrid: First, allocate according to time domain layer, and then perform secondary optimization according to subarray occupancy in each time domain layer; when preemption occurs, insert guardTime and delay or downgrade the preempted request.

[0317] (v) Rules for Seizing and Maintaining

[0318] When preemptionAllowed is enabled, the S804 preemption check step can be executed, as follows:

[0319] S804-1. Check if the patternHoldTime condition has been met for the preemption request; if not, reject the preemption or postpone the preemption.

[0320] S804-2, When preemption is allowed, the guard interval guardTime is switched, and the smart metasurface can optionally be instructed to enter ABSORB in the protection interval to reduce transient effects;

[0321] S804-3, Update the subsequent scheduling of the preempted request (delay applyTime or switch to the alternative subarray set).

[0322] (vi) Signaling issuance and effectiveness

[0323] S805, the first communication node generates control signaling based on the arbitration result (which can be a block-based bearer of group-shared downlink control information or two-level control signaling), and sends the corresponding patternId, subarray selection information, applyTime and validityDuration to different users / subarrays / time windows.

[0324] Through the above refinement, a shared arbitration system that is explainable, reproducible, and has protective interval constraints can be implemented in multi-user parallel service scenarios, thereby improving interoperability consistency.

[0325] Example 7:

[0326] like Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment uses an active / hybrid smart metasurface as an example to illustrate a more detailed implementation of amplitude control and protection degradation, specifically including:

[0327] S901, the first communication node indicates the amplitude level index ampLevelIndex in the control signaling, and can optionally indicate the amplitude upper limit index ampCeilingIndex to limit the amplitude / gain upper limit level; and can optionally indicate the amplitude rise / fall curve index ampRampProfile to limit the gain change slope.

[0328] S902. When the second communication node supports reflection-amplification timing alignment, the first communication node indicates the synchronization identifier syncId in the control signaling so that the second communication node meets the preset alignment constraints when applying phase switching and amplification module control.

[0329] S903. When the second communication node detects a thermal alarm, a stability alarm, or a power budget exceedance event, the second communication node enters a protection state and automatically degrades: first, it enters DERATE to reduce the amplitude / gain; if necessary, it enters PASSIVE_FALLBACK to degrade to passive reflection; and further enters ABSORB or turns off OFF.

[0330] The first communication node can issue commands such as forceDerate, forceAbsorb, forceOff, or clearProtectiveState via control signaling to forcibly control or release the protection state.

[0331] To ensure the timing feasibility of active / hybrid smart metasurfaces under scenarios involving phase switching, amplification control, power budget variations, and protection degradation / recovery, this embodiment is further refined as follows:

[0332] (I) Pre-configuration and capability set

[0333] The first communication node can acquire and store the capability set of the second communication node to constrain the issued amplitude / alignment / protection configuration, including:

[0334] (1) Amplitude capability: Whether it supports ampLevelIndex, ampCeilingIndex, ampRampProfile, and the set of available gears;

[0335] (2) Alignment capability: Whether it supports reflection-amplification timing alignment and alignment error upper limit alignErrorBudget;

[0336] (3) Protection capabilities: protectedModesSupported set, protection trigger threshold and hysteresis / timer capability.

[0337] (ii) Field template binding with object

[0338] Control signaling can use field templates:

[0339] {Smart Metasurface Identifier risId / Smart Metasurface Path Identifier risPathId, Power State powerState, Active Subarray Selection Mask activeMask (optional), Amplitude Level Index ampLevelIndex, Amplitude Ceiling Index ampCeilingIndex (optional), Amplitude Rise / Fallback Curve Index ampRampProfile (optional), Synchronization Identifier syncId (optional), ApplyTime, ValidityDuration (optional)}.

[0340] The syncId is used to bind "phase configuration switching" and "amplification module control" to the same effective event, so as to avoid transient amplification caused by the out-of-order sequence of the two.

[0341] (III) Amplitude control and climb / fall constraints

[0342] In step S901, the first communication node may further:

[0343] S901-1, Determine the target ampLevelIndex and optionally determine ampCeilingIndex;

[0344] S901-2. Select ampRampProfile to limit the rate of amplitude change, so that the amplitude can smoothly reach the target level within a preset time.

[0345] S901-3, Configure applyTime to align amplitude adjustments with service slots / symbols.

[0346] (iv) Reflection-Magnification Timing Alignment

[0347] In step S902, the first communication node may further:

[0348] S902-1. Generate a synchronization identifier syncId and issue phase switching and amplitude control within the same control signaling or the same control cycle;

[0349] S902-2, Optionally, an alignment offset alignOffset is sent to ensure that the second communication node executes in a preset order of "phase first, then amplification" or "amplification first, then phase" when it takes effect;

[0350] S902-3. During execution, the second communication node checks whether the alignment error exceeds alignErrorBudget; if it does, a stability alarm is triggered and protection degradation is initiated.

[0351] (v) Protection downgrade and restoration

[0352] In step S903, the protection degradation can be refined as follows:

[0353] S903-1, Trigger Detection: Detects events such as thermal alarm, stability alarm, and power budget exceedance;

[0354] S903-2, Enter DERATE: Maintain phase continuity and limit the amplitude to the upper limit of ampCeilingIndex or downshift;

[0355] S903-3, Enter PASSIVE_FALLBACK: Disable active capability and maintain / switch to pre-configured passive pattern;

[0356] S903-4, Enter ABSORB or OFF: Suppress or turn off reflections when there are continuous over-limit or critical alarms.

[0357] The first communication node can perform network-side forced control through force derating, force absorb, force off, and clear Protective State, and can configure thresholds, hysteresis, and timers to restore stability.

[0358] (vi) Reporting and closed-loop management

[0359] When entering / exiting the protection state, the second communication node can report {protectiveState, remaining power budget, alarm type, counter}, and the first communication node can adjust the subsequent ampCeilingIndex, activeMask, or scheduling strategy accordingly.

[0360] Example 8:

[0361] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, this embodiment takes the feedback from the third communication node (terminal side) as an example to further refine the training closed loop and adaptive scheduling, specifically including:

[0362] S1101, The first communication node configures the intelligent metasurface-related channel state information (CSI) report through higher-layer signaling, so that the terminal carries the reflection pattern index (RPI) and / or focusing parameter index (FPI) in the channel state report, and optionally carries the intelligent metasurface identifier risId or the intelligent metasurface path identifier risPathId to avoid ambiguity of multiple intelligent metasurfaces.

[0363] S1102. The third communication node measures the equivalent channel quality corresponding to different patterns or parameterized configurations on the training resources and reports the Channel State Information Reference Signal Resource Indicator-Reflection Pattern Indicator (CRI-RPI), where CRI is the Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) Resource Indicator with the strongest received signal and RPI is the corresponding Smart Metasurface Reflection Pattern Indicator.

[0364] S1103. When a near-field codebook is configured, the third communication node further reports the near-field focusing distance index DistanceIndex; when differential feedback is configured, the third communication node reports the differential indicator deltaRPI to reduce feedback overhead.

[0365] S1104. The first communication node determines the final pattern identifier patternId or parameterized index based on the above feedback, and generates control signaling by combining the minimum pattern holding time patternHoldTime, the switching protection interval guardTime, and the validity duration information validityDuration, so as to complete the closed-loop configuration and scheduling.

[0366] The above implementation methods can improve the efficiency of cascaded channel estimation and scheduling accuracy with controllable feedback overhead.

[0367] To ensure the stable implementation of intelligent metasurface-related channel state feedback in scenarios involving "multiple intelligent metasurfaces, multiple paths, Top-K candidates, differential compression, and feedback timeliness constraints," this embodiment is further refined as follows:

[0368] (a) Pre-configuration and object binding

[0369] Before or in parallel with step S1101, the first communication node may pre-configure at least the following information to the terminal via higher-layer signaling:

[0370] (1) Reporting objects: channel state information reporting configuration identifier reportConfigId, corresponding channel state information reference signal resource set resourceSetId, and reporting triggering method (periodic / event / semi-persistent).

[0371] (2) Intelligent metasurface object binding: risId or risPathId, or a mapping based on {cell Id, risIndex}; and the associated training sequence identifier trainingSequenceId can be configured to bind the training window;

[0372] (3) Candidate set: RPI candidate set or RPI codebook identifier rpiCodebookId; when a near-field codebook exists, the focus parameter codebook fpiCodebookId can be configured;

[0373] (4) Feedback scale: TopK reported number topK, and the set of fields included in each item (e.g., whether it includes DistanceIndex, whether it includes quality metric qualityMetricType).

[0374] (5) Time constraints: feedbackValidity and alignment rules with the effective time information of the drawing (e.g., feedback of the corresponding applyTime / sequenceId).

[0375] (ii) Measurement and sample attribution at the third communication node

[0376] In step S1102, the third communication node can bind the measurement sample to the smart metasurface configuration in the following manner:

[0377] S1102-1. Obtain the intelligent metasurface configuration within the training window (e.g., the trainingSequenceId and the corresponding RPI / FPI index sequence indicated by the first communication node).

[0378] S1102-2. Measure the equivalent channel quality on each training resource and correlate the measurement results with {CRI, RPI, FPI (optional), Distance Index (optional)}.

[0379] S1102-3. Filter the measurement results to form a Top-K candidate list; where K can be configured by topK.

[0380] (III) Feedback Field Templates and Compression Methods

[0381] The third communication node can use a field template to report feedback on channel status information related to the smart metasurface. The field template may include:

[0382] {Report Configuration Id, Smart Metasurface Id / Smart Metasurface Path Id (optional), Channel State Information Reference Signal Resource Indicator cri, Top-K List topKList=[(Reflection Pattern Indicator rpi or Focusing Parameter Indicator fpi, Near-Field Focusing Distance Index distanceIndex (optional), Quality Metric (optional))], Differential Indicator deltaRpi (optional), Reference Pattern Indicator referenceRpi (optional), Feedback TimeTag (optional)}.

[0383] in:

[0384] (1) When using a Top-K list, only the index and sorting information (e.g., {rpiIndex, rank}) can be reported, and one or more quality metrics can be reported optionally;

[0385] (2) When differential compression is used, referenceRpi and deltaRpi can be reported; deltaRpi can represent the incremental index relative to referenceRpi, or represent adjacent jumps within the codebook;

[0386] (3) When using a near-field codebook, the FPI and Distance Index can be merged into a single index or codeword to reduce bit overhead.

[0387] (iv) Network-side consistency verification and closed-loop control

[0388] In step S1104, the first communication node may further include:

[0389] S1104-1, Verify Feedback Consistency: Check risId / risPathId matching, check reportConfigId matching the resource set, and optionally check whether feedbackTimeTag is within feedbackValidity;

[0390] S1104-2. Determine the control object: Select the target RPI / FPI based on Top-K candidates, and select the associated CRI according to the quality metric;

[0391] S1104-3, Generate control signaling: Map the selected RPI / FPI to patternId or parameterized index, and configure applyTime, validityDuration and optional patternHoldTime / guardTime;

[0392] S1104-4, Handling anomalies: When feedback expires or is inconsistent, maintain the current configuration or switch to a conservative pattern and trigger retraining.

[0393] Through the above refinement, it can be ensured that the intelligent metasurface-related channel state information feedback and the channel state information reference signal resource indication-reflection pattern indication pair still have clear field semantics, definite sample attribution, and controllable closed-loop timing under multiple candidate and compressed feedback.

[0394] Example 9:

[0395] like Figure 12 As shown, this embodiment takes symbol-level switching as an example to illustrate a more detailed implementation of pattern effective time information, specifically including:

[0396] S1201, First communication node configures the switching physical time of the intelligent metasurface With system loop prefix length The relational constraints ensure that the intelligent metasurface satisfies the following during switching. This allows phase flipping to be completed during the cyclic prefix period while maintaining phase stability in the effective symbol portion.

[0397] S1202, when At that time, the first communication node is configured with a masking symbol rule: not to send data during the handover, or to instruct the smart metasurface to enter an absorption state to avoid disrupting orthogonality.

[0398] S1203, the first communication node indicates the starting symbol index and duration of the effective symbol offset by applySymbolOffset, enabling the smart metasurface to switch services for different users or different services at the symbol granularity within the time slot.

[0399] To ensure that symbol-level handover has operable scheduling and signaling semantics in scenarios involving "different panel tuning delays, symbol-level activation, masked symbols, and guard intervals," this embodiment is further refined as follows:

[0400] (I) Pre-configuration and switching profile

[0401] Before or in parallel with S1201, the first communication node can pre-configure or measure a profile of the smart metasurface switching, including:

[0402] (1) Switching time: It can be configured separately according to mode (e.g., patternId switching, parameterized update, incremental update);

[0403] (2) Protection parameters: number of protection symbols guardSymbols or protection symbol mask guardSymbolMask, indicating the set of symbols to be protected during the switching period;

[0404] (3) Masking strategy: muteDuringSwitch during the switch and whether to enter ABSORB during the switch.

[0405] (ii) Field template binding with object

[0406] In step S1203, the downlink control signaling may use a field template:

[0407] {Smart Metasurface Identifier risId / Smart Metasurface Path Identifier risPathId, ApplySymbolOffset, ApplySymbolLength (optional), GuardSymbolMask (optional), MuteDuringSwitch Indicator (optional), AbsorbDuringGuard Indicator (optional), ValidityDuration (optional)}.

[0408] The applySymbolOffset and applySymbolLength are used to bind the “symbol-level effective window”, and the guardSymbolMask is used to bind the “protection symbol set”.

[0409] (III) Shielding Symbols and Protection Section Scheduling

[0410] when If the image switching indicator shows "Stable switching cannot be completed within the symbol", step S1202 can be refined as follows:

[0411] S1202-1. Determine the set of masked symbols: Generate a mute symbol mask muteSymbolMask. The symbols corresponding to the mask are not scheduled for data channels or reference signals that are sensitive to handover.

[0412] S1202-2, Determine the protection action: Indicate the RIS to enter ABSORB or keep the previous configuration without updating within the corresponding symbol of guardSymbolMask, so as to avoid destroying orthogonality;

[0413] S1202-3. Configure muteSymbolMask / guardSymbolMask together with applySymbolOffset to ensure that there is a sufficient protection range at the switching boundary.

[0414] (iv) Consistency handling and conflict avoidance

[0415] To avoid conflicts between multiple symbol-level configurations within the same time slot, the first communication node can perform the following:

[0416] S1204-1. Check whether the symbol activation windows of different smart metasurface configurations overlap; if they overlap, make a decision based on priority or a shared arbitration strategy.

[0417] S1204-2. When a preemption or handover occurs, insert guardSymbolMask and optionally trigger the mask symbol.

[0418] S1204-3, Optionally, the second communication node reports a switch-late indication (switchLate) or a switch-fail indication (switchFail), and the first communication node expands the protection symbol or reduces the switching frequency accordingly.

[0419] Through the above refinement, symbol-level switching can be transformed from a "constraint description" into an implementable mechanism that is "schedulable, configurable, and protectable".

[0420] Example 10:

[0421] like Figure 13 As shown, this embodiment uses system information broadcasting and capability reporting as an example to illustrate the detailed configuration of high-level features related to intelligent metasurfaces, specifically including:

[0422] S1301, The first communication node broadcasts the deployment information of the smart metasurface through system information, including the cell identifier where the smart metasurface is located, the panel location, the panel orientation, and the panel size and supported frequency band information, so that the third communication node can select a suitable smart metasurface for training or service.

[0423] S1302, the second communication node reports capability information to the first communication node, including the number of panel rows and columns, the number of phase quantization bits, the number of beams that can be configured simultaneously, the tuning delay, and the type of smart metasurface; and can also report power consumption model information, including static power consumption, unit control power consumption, sleep mode support, and wake-up time.

[0424] S1303. The first communication node configures the intelligent metasurface control link type, listening duty cycle and reliability template based on the above capability information, and configures the training window and default mode to reduce energy consumption while ensuring control accessibility.

[0425] To ensure that deployment information broadcasting and capability reporting can support "terminal selection of smart metasurfaces, network-side control link adaptation, and version consistency of capability changes", this embodiment is further refined as follows.

[0426] (a) Deployment Information Broadcast Fields and Versions

[0427] In step S1301, the first communication node may broadcast at least a portion of the following set of fields in the system information:

[0428] {Smart Metasurface Identifier (risId), Smart Metasurface Type (risType, passive / active / hybrid), Panel Position (can be coordinates or orientation / distance relative to the cell), Panel Orientation (orientation / tilt), Panel Size (number of rows and columns or physical size), Supported Bands, Supported Duplex (optional), Default Mode (optional), Deployment Information Version (infoVersion)}.

[0429] The infoVersion is used to indicate the deployment information version, which makes it easier for the terminal to trigger reselection and retraining when the deployment information is updated.

[0430] (II) Capability Reporting Field Templates and Power Consumption Model

[0431] In step S1302, the second communication node can report the capability information field template:

[0432] {Smart Metasurface Identifier risId, ElementCount or (PanelRows, PanelCols), PhaseBits, MaxConcurrentBeams, TuningDelayProfile, SupportedControlSemantics, PowerModel (Static / Dynamic), SleepModes, WakeupTime, ProtectiveModesSupported (Optional), CapabilityVersion}

[0433] The tuningDelayProfile can provide the delay according to different control semantics, and the powerModel can provide the power consumption range that varies with activeMask / ampLevel.

[0434] (III) Control Link and Reliability Template

[0435] In step S1303, the first communication node may further:

[0436] S1303-1, Select control link: Select control period and listening duty cycle based on tuning delay profile and wakeup time;

[0437] S1303-2, Configure Reliability: Configure retransmission count, acknowledgment mode, or reliability template reliabilityProfile;

[0438] S1303-3, Configure Default Mode: Configure the default pattern identifier defaultPatternId or security pattern, and configure the training window trainingWindow and the default training sequence;

[0439] S1303-4 Handling Capability Changes: When the capability version (capabilityVersion) changes, it triggers capability renegotiation and updates the control field template.

[0440] (iv) Terminal selection and training triggering (optional)

[0441] The third communication node (terminal) can select candidate smart metasurfaces based on deployment information and network-side instructions, and enter the training process when the triggering conditions are met; when the deployment information version infoVersion changes, retraining can be triggered to maintain consistency.

[0442] Through the above refinement, a closed loop can be formed between "deployment information - capability reporting - control link adaptation", thereby improving discoverability, controllability and interoperability consistency in multi-intelligent metasurface scenarios.

[0443] Example 11:

[0444] like Figure 14 As shown, this embodiment provides a signaling indication method for a smart metasurface. This method is executed through a second communication node and includes the following steps:

[0445] S1401, Receive control signaling sent by the first communication node.

[0446] S1402. Parse configuration information from control signaling.

[0447] S1403. Configure the parameters of the scattering unit or subarray of the smart metasurface based on the configuration information, and apply the parameter configuration when the pattern takes effect.

[0448] In this embodiment, when the configuration information indicates the incremental update mode, the second communication node superimposes the phase increment step on the subarray indicated by the subarray selection information on the phase configuration of the reference pattern.

[0449] In this embodiment, when the smart metasurface is an active smart metasurface or a hybrid smart metasurface, and the configuration information includes amplitude increment stepping, the second communication node superimposes amplitude increment stepping onto the subarray indicated by the subarray selection information.

[0450] It should be noted that although the method operations of the above embodiments are described in a specific order, this does not require or imply that these operations must be performed in that specific order, or that all the operations shown must be performed to achieve the desired result. On the contrary, the described steps may be performed in a different order. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step, and / or one step may be broken down into multiple steps.

[0451] Example 12:

[0452] like Figure 15 As shown, this embodiment provides a signaling indication device for a smart metasurface. This device is applied to a first communication node and includes a configuration determination module 1501 and a signaling indication module 1502, which are described in detail below:

[0453] The configuration determination module 1501 is used to determine the configuration information of the second communication node, which is a smart metasurface or a smart metasurface controller.

[0454] Signaling indication module 1502 is used to indicate the configuration information to the second communication node via control signaling;

[0455] The configuration information includes at least one of pattern effective time information, working mode information, and indication information, and the indication information includes at least one of pattern indication information, parameterization indication information, and incremental update indication information.

[0456] Example 13:

[0457] like Figure 16 As shown, this embodiment provides a signaling indication device for a smart metasurface. This device is applied to a second communication node and includes a signaling receiving module 1601, a signaling parsing module 1602, and a parameter configuration module 1603, as detailed below:

[0458] Signaling receiving module 1601 is used to receive control signaling sent by the first communication node;

[0459] Signaling parsing module 1602 is used to parse configuration information from the control signaling;

[0460] The parameter configuration module 1603 is used to configure the parameters of the scattering unit or subarray of the smart metasurface based on the configuration information, and to apply the parameter configuration when the pattern takes effect.

[0461] The configuration information includes at least one of pattern effective time information, working mode information, and indication information, and the indication information includes at least one of pattern indication information, parameterization indication information, and incremental update indication information.

[0462] It should be noted that the device provided in the above embodiments is only an example of the division of the above functional modules. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0463] Example 14:

[0464] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the signaling indication method of Embodiment 1 above, as follows:

[0465] The configuration information of the second communication node is determined, wherein the second communication node is a smart metasurface or a smart metasurface controller; the configuration information is indicated to the second communication node through control signaling; wherein the configuration information includes at least one of pattern effective time information, working mode information and indication information, and the indication information includes at least one of pattern indication information, parameterization indication information and incremental update indication information.

[0466] Example 15:

[0467] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the signaling indication method of Embodiment 11 above, as follows:

[0468] The system receives control signaling sent by a first communication node; parses configuration information from the control signaling; configures parameters of the scattering unit or subarray of the smart metasurface based on the configuration information, and applies the parameter configuration when the pattern effective time arrives; wherein the configuration information includes at least one of pattern effective time information, working mode information, and indication information, and the indication information includes at least one of pattern indication information, parameterization indication information, and incremental update indication information.

[0469] It should be noted that the computer-readable storage medium in the above embodiments can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination thereof. The computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0470] In the above embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that includes or stores a program that can be used by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In this embodiment, the computer-readable signal medium can include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying a computer-readable program. This propagated data signal can take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. The computer-readable signal medium can also be any computer-readable storage medium other than a computer-readable storage medium, which can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer program included on the computer-readable storage medium can be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical cables, RF (radio frequency), etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0471] The computer-readable storage medium described above can be used to write computer programs for executing this embodiment in one or more programming languages ​​or combinations thereof. These programming languages ​​include object-oriented programming languages—such as Java, Python, and C++—and conventional procedural programming languages—such as C or similar programming languages. The program can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or it can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0472] In summary, this invention enables unified and scalable control of passive, active, and hybrid intelligent metasurfaces while meeting different mobility and overhead constraints. It reduces the control load of large-scale intelligent metasurface configuration through pattern referencing and parameterization, supports high-frequency dynamic tracking and avoids unit-by-unit updates through subarray granular incremental updates, improves the timing availability of scheduling and configuration activation through explicit pattern activation time and effective duration information, enhances the compatibility and scalability of pattern expression through two-layer operating mode information, and improves the efficiency of cascaded channel estimation through linkage with training reference signals. This, in turn, improves link performance in scenarios involving coverage enhancement, interference suppression, and near-field focusing.

[0473] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A signaling indication method for a smart metasurface, applied to a first communication node, characterized in that, The method includes: Determine the configuration information of the second communication node, which is a smart metasurface or a smart metasurface controller; The configuration information is indicated to the second communication node via control signaling; The configuration information includes at least one of pattern effective time information, working mode information, and indication information, and the indication information includes at least one of pattern indication information, parameterization indication information, and incremental update indication information. The pattern effective time information is used to indicate the effective time of the configuration information; The operating mode information is used to indicate the surface state and / or power state of the intelligent metasurface; The pattern indication information is used to indicate that the second communication node adopts a pre-configured reflection pattern, transmission pattern or absorption pattern; The parameterized indication information is used to instruct the second communication node to generate a phase surface based on a preset generation model to form a beam or achieve near-field focusing; The incremental update indication information is used to instruct the second communication node to perform phase incremental update on the selected subarray relative to the reference pattern, and when the smart metasurface is an active smart metasurface or a hybrid smart metasurface, it is also used to instruct the second communication node to perform amplitude incremental update on the selected subarray relative to the reference pattern.

2. The signaling indication method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control signaling is group-shared downlink control information, and is scrambled via a temporary identifier for the dedicated wireless network of the smart metasurface or a temporary identifier for the smart metasurface multicast.

3. The signaling indication method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The group consists of N blocks numbered from 1 to N, with each block including a k-bit field for indicating the configuration of the smart metasurface. The starting position, number of bits k, and number of blocks N of the block are configured to the second communication node by higher-layer signaling.

4. The signaling indication method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control signaling is hierarchical control signaling, including first-level control signaling and second-level control signaling; The first-level control signaling is used to indicate a wide pattern or subarray set; The second-level control signaling is used to indicate the incremental update parameters within the narrow pattern or the subarray set.

5. The signaling indication method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the configuration information of the second communication node also includes: Configure a sharing mode for the second communication node, wherein the sharing mode includes one of static sharing, time-domain sharing, and spatial sharing; The indication priority for the second communication node is determined based on a conflict resolution strategy, which includes one of time-domain priority, cell occupancy priority, and joint optimization.

6. The signaling indication method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the configuration information of the second communication node also includes: Configure the intelligent metasurface-related channel state information of the third communication node so that the third communication node reports the channel state information reference signal resource indication-reflection pattern indication pair. The third communication node is a terminal. The intelligent metasurface-related channel state information includes at least one of reflection pattern indication, focusing parameter indication, differential indication and intelligent metasurface path quality index. The channel state information reference signal resource indication is used to indicate reference signal resources, and the reflection pattern indication is used to indicate the corresponding intelligent metasurface pattern or phase configuration.

7. The signaling indication method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The intelligent metasurface-related channel state information also includes a top K candidate list, which includes K candidate reflection pattern indicators and / or K candidate channel state information reference signal resource indicator-reflection pattern indicator pairs and their respective quality metrics. The quality metrics include at least one of reference signal received power, signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, and throughput gain estimate; wherein K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

8. The signaling indication method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pattern effective time information includes one of the effective time slot offset and the effective symbol offset; The effective time slot offset is used to indicate the effective time slot offset from the time slot in which the control signaling is received; The effective symbol offset is used to indicate the effective start symbol index and duration; The pattern activation time information includes the activation symbol offset. The determination of the configuration information for the second communication node also includes: Configure the second communication node switching protection rules so that the physical time for the second communication node to switch from one phase configuration to another phase configuration is less than the cyclic prefix length, and when the physical time is greater than or equal to the cyclic prefix length, configure the masking symbol rules so that no data is sent during the switching period or the smart metasurface enters the absorption state.

9. The signaling indication method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the smart metasurface is an active smart metasurface or a hybrid smart metasurface, determining the configuration information of the second communication node further includes: The configuration supports a set of protection modes so that the second communication node automatically enters a protection state when it detects a thermal alarm, a stability alarm, or a power budget exceeding the limit. The protection state includes at least one of the following: derating state, passive degradation state, absorption state, and shutdown state. Configure protection trigger reporting and recovery strategies so that when the second communication node enters the protection state, it reports the protection state identifier and / or remaining power budget, and when the recovery conditions are met, the first communication node instructs it to recover from the protection state to the active or passive operating state; when the second communication node enters the derating state, it keeps the phase configuration unchanged and limits the amplitude to the upper limit indicated by the amplitude upper limit index; when the second communication node enters the passive degradation state, it shuts down the active capability and keeps the reflection / transmission phase configuration or switches to the pre-configured passive pattern.

10. The signaling indication method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the configuration information of the second communication node also includes: The system broadcasts smart metasurface deployment information, which includes at least one of the following: the cell identifier where the smart metasurface is located, the location of the smart metasurface, the orientation of the smart metasurface panel, the size of the smart metasurface panel, and the frequency band supported by the smart metasurface. Receive and store smart metasurface capability information and / or power consumption information. The smart metasurface capability information includes at least one of panel row and column number, phase quantization bit number, number of simultaneously configurable beams, tuning delay and smart metasurface type. The power consumption information includes at least one of static power consumption, unit control power consumption, sleep mode support and wake-up time. Configure the control link type, listening duty cycle, and reliability template based on the intelligent metasurface capability information and / or power consumption information.

11. A signaling indication method for a smart metasurface, applied to a second communication node, characterized in that, The method includes: Receive control signaling sent by the first communication node; Parse the configuration information from the control signaling; Based on the configuration information, the scattering unit or subarray of the smart metasurface is configured with parameters, and the parameter configuration is applied when the pattern takes effect. The configuration information includes at least one of pattern effective time information, working mode information, and indication information, and the indication information includes at least one of pattern indication information, parameterization indication information, and incremental update indication information. The pattern effective time information is used to indicate the effective time of the configuration information; The operating mode information is used to indicate the surface state and / or power state of the intelligent metasurface; The pattern indication information is used to indicate that the second communication node adopts a pre-configured reflection pattern, transmission pattern or absorption pattern; The parameterized indication information is used to instruct the second communication node to generate a phase surface based on a preset generation model to form a beam or achieve near-field focusing; The incremental update indication information is used to instruct the second communication node to perform phase incremental update on the selected subarray relative to the reference pattern, and when the smart metasurface is an active smart metasurface or a hybrid smart metasurface, it is also used to instruct the second communication node to perform amplitude incremental update on the selected subarray relative to the reference pattern.

12. A signaling indication device for an intelligent metasurface, applied to a first communication node, characterized in that, The device includes: The configuration determination module is used to determine the configuration information of the second communication node, which is a smart metasurface or a smart metasurface controller. The signaling indication module is used to indicate the configuration information to the second communication node via control signaling; The configuration information includes at least one of pattern effective time information, working mode information, and indication information, and the indication information includes at least one of pattern indication information, parameterization indication information, and incremental update indication information. The pattern effective time information is used to indicate the effective time of the configuration information; The operating mode information is used to indicate the surface state and / or power state of the intelligent metasurface; The pattern indication information is used to indicate that the second communication node adopts a pre-configured reflection pattern, transmission pattern or absorption pattern; The parameterized indication information is used to instruct the second communication node to generate a phase surface based on a preset generation model to form a beam or achieve near-field focusing; The incremental update indication information is used to instruct the second communication node to perform phase incremental update on the selected subarray relative to the reference pattern, and when the smart metasurface is an active smart metasurface or a hybrid smart metasurface, it is also used to instruct the second communication node to perform amplitude incremental update on the selected subarray relative to the reference pattern.

13. A signaling indication device for an intelligent metasurface, applied to a second communication node, characterized in that, The device includes: The signaling receiving module is used to receive control signaling sent by the first communication node; The signaling parsing module is used to parse configuration information from the control signaling; The parameter configuration module is used to configure the parameters of the scattering unit or subarray of the smart metasurface based on the configuration information, and apply the parameter configuration when the pattern takes effect. The configuration information includes at least one of pattern effective time information, working mode information, and indication information, and the indication information includes at least one of pattern indication information, parameterization indication information, and incremental update indication information. The pattern effective time information is used to indicate the effective time of the configuration information; The operating mode information is used to indicate the surface state and / or power state of the intelligent metasurface; The pattern indication information is used to indicate that the second communication node adopts a pre-configured reflection pattern, transmission pattern or absorption pattern; The parameterized indication information is used to instruct the second communication node to generate a phase surface based on a preset generation model to form a beam or achieve near-field focusing; The incremental update indication information is used to instruct the second communication node to perform phase incremental update on the selected subarray relative to the reference pattern, and when the smart metasurface is an active smart metasurface or a hybrid smart metasurface, it is also used to instruct the second communication node to perform amplitude incremental update on the selected subarray relative to the reference pattern.

14. A signaling indication system for an intelligent metasurface, characterized in that, It includes a first communication node, a second communication node, and a third communication node. The second communication node is an intelligent metasurface or an intelligent metasurface controller. The third communication node is a terminal. The first communication node is connected to the second communication node and the third communication node, respectively. The second communication node is connected to the third communication node. The first communication node is configured to execute the signaling indication method according to any one of claims 1-10; The second communication node is a smart metasurface or a smart metasurface controller, used to execute the signaling indication method as described in claim 11; The third communication node is a terminal used to complete measurement or data reception under the intelligent metasurface assisted link.

15. A computer-readable storage medium storing a program, characterized in that, When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the signaling indication method according to any one of claims 1-11.

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