Spectrum sharing methods and wireless communication devices

Abstract

A wireless communication device performs a spectrum sharing method. The device detects a non-terrestrial network or multiple spectrum elements of a terrestrial network. Through the detection, spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network is obtained, wherein the spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network includes multiple cell identifiers of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network and spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network relative to the multiple cell identifiers. Spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network is obtained through the detection, wherein the spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network includes the multiple cell identifiers of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network and spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network relative to the multiple cell identifiers. Based on the obtained spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network or the spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network, spectrum interference avoidance is performed.

Description

Spectrum sharing method and wireless communication device Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a spectrum sharing method and a wireless communication device. Background Art

[0002] Non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) are a rapidly developing wireless communication technology. NTNs offer extensive coverage, robustness against physical attacks and natural disasters, and flexibility, enabling reliable service under challenging conditions. NTNs hold enormous potential across a wide range of industries and sectors, including transportation, public safety, e-health, agriculture, finance, and automotive. Sixth-generation (6G) communications will integrate NTNs to build a comprehensive network spanning the sky, land, and ocean, enabling seamless global connectivity.

[0003] The converged use of spectrum by 6G networks will further strain frequency resources for NTNs and terrestrial networks (for example), exacerbating frequency conflicts. This will necessitate innovation and optimization in frequency planning and sharing. Currently, the rapid development of low-orbit constellations has impacted frequency usage in terrestrial networks. In the future, a mechanism for frequency coordination and allocation between NTNs and terrestrial networks will be needed to enable flexible spectrum sharing between these networks.

[0004] At the same time, dynamic spectrum sharing inevitably leads to a series of interference issues. To reduce interference between NTN and terrestrial networks, new frequency interference coordination and avoidance technologies are needed to improve the efficiency and quality of spectrum utilization. The integration of 6G networks will bring new challenges and opportunities to the frequency resource management of NTN and terrestrial networks.

[0005] Dynamic spectrum sharing between Long Term Evolution (LTE) and New Radio (NR):

[0006] There are two main methods for LTE and NR dynamic spectrum sharing: carrier-level sharing and TTI-level dynamic spectrum sharing.

[0007] In the early stages of 5G deployment within the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), achieving continuous and widespread 5G coverage in a short period of time was challenging due to the smaller coverage area of ​​a single base station (BS) due to 5G's use of higher frequency bands. To address this issue, dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) technology was introduced, which dynamically allocates lower-band 4G resources, enabling rapid and widespread 5G coverage and deployment.

[0008] By adopting dynamic spectrum sharing technology, we can fully utilize 4G low-band resources and existing base stations and achieve smooth evolution from 4G to 5G, significantly reducing the investment cost of 5G deployment. After adopting dynamic spectrum sharing, 4G low-band resources can be allocated to 5G, realizing carrier aggregation between frequency-division duplex (FDD) low-band and time division duplexing (TDD) mid-band, thereby maximizing performance. This dynamic spectrum sharing has two main methods:

[0009] (1) Carrier-level sharing: By monitoring the load information of the 4G network and the 5G network, the bandwidth of the 4G network and the 5G network is adjusted at regular intervals to achieve spectrum sharing. This carrier-level spectrum sharing can exchange scheduling information between the 4G network and the 5G network through the X2 or Xn interface, overcoming the limitation that the 4G network and the 5G network must be deployed in the same location (called co-frame deployment), making deployment more flexible. In addition, this carrier-level spectrum sharing has no special requirements for the terminal's functions, and the terminal does not need to adapt or perceive.

[0010] (2) Dynamic spectrum sharing at the transmission time interval (TTI) level: Physical layer protocols are used to avoid PRB-level interference between 4G and 5G networks, and to achieve dynamic scheduling of physical resource blocks (PRBs) at the TTI level. When 4G and 5G networks need to share spectrum at the PRB level, channel conflicts may occur. These conflicts primarily include conflicts in the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), synchronization signal block (SSB), physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), channel state information (CSI) reference signal (RS), and primary synchronization signal (PSS), secondary synchronization signal (PSS), and physical broadcast channel (PBCH) between 4G and 5G networks. TTI-level dynamic spectrum sharing requires co-location of 4G and 5G networks and the exchange of scheduling information between them through proprietary protocols to ensure that TTI-level scheduling latency requirements are met. At the same time, there are certain requirements for the functions of the terminal.

[0011] However, LTE and NR dynamic spectrum sharing primarily uses a co-site deployment approach, meaning that the geographic coverage of LTE and NR is essentially the same. This differs from spectrum sharing scenarios between NTN and terrestrial network systems. In NTN, multiple terrestrial network cells exist under a single beam, and the satellite spectrum is shared by terminals within the entire beam coverage area. Unlike terrestrial network systems, the same spectrum can be reused across multiple cells. Therefore, dynamic spectrum sharing between NTN and terrestrial network systems differs from existing LTE and NR dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) technology.

[0012] LTE and NR dynamic spectrum sharing primarily uses a co-site deployment approach, meaning that the geographic coverage of LTE and NR is essentially the same. This differs from the spectrum sharing scenarios of NTN and terrestrial network systems, because in NTN, multiple terrestrial network cells exist within the coverage area of ​​a single beam, and the satellite spectrum is shared by terminals within the coverage area of ​​a single beam, while different terrestrial network systems can reuse the same spectrum across multiple cells. Therefore, the dynamic spectrum sharing approach of NTN and terrestrial network systems differs from the existing dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) technology of LTE and NR.

[0013] Regarding 5G New Radio (NR-Unlicensed, NR-U) operating in unlicensed frequency bands:

[0014] The 5G New Radio (NR-Unlicensed, NR-U) technology operating in the unlicensed frequency band mainly adopts the Listen-Before-Talk (LBT) method to occupy the unlicensed spectrum. Specifically, it can be divided into two methods: Frame-Based-Equipment (FBE) and Load-Based-Equipment (LBE).

[0015] Frame-Based Equipment (FBE): The FBE mechanism is used when Wi-Fi or other radio access technologies (RATs) are not in use. It uses a fixed total duration to maximize channel resource utilization and can be used in private network scenarios. Load-Based Equipment (LBE), on the other hand, determines the contention window setting and total duration based on load.

[0016] Load-Based Equipment (LBE): Before transmitting data, the LBE initiates the Listen Before Talk (LBT) process to monitor channel occupancy. If the channel is busy, the LBE continues to wait and monitor. If the channel is idle, the LBE initiates a random backoff process. After the backoff count expires (the counter reaches 0), data transmission begins. This continues until the Maximum Channel Occupancy Time (MCOT) is reached, at which point data transmission ceases.

[0017] Dynamic spectrum sharing between LTE and NR is primarily designed to handle scenarios where LTE and NR networks share common coverage. However, as shown in Figure 1, when NTN and terrestrial networks share spectrum, multiple terrestrial network cells 201 and 202 exist under a single beam 401 of an NTN space station 40. Existing technologies are not applicable to this new dynamic spectrum sharing scenario between NTN and terrestrial networks.

[0018] Summary of the Invention

[0019] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a spectrum sharing method and a wireless communication device.

[0020] In a first aspect, a spectrum sharing method of the present invention is used between a terrestrial network and a non-terrestrial network and is executed in a network node to implement communication with a user terminal, and is characterized by comprising:

[0021] The network node of the terrestrial network obtains first spectrum usage information of at least one spectrum unit of the non-terrestrial network, wherein the first spectrum usage information includes a first spectrum usage state, and the first spectrum usage state includes: occupied and unoccupied;

[0022] The network node selects, according to the first spectrum usage information, the spectrum unit whose first spectrum usage status is unoccupied as the working spectrum to communicate with the user terminal of the terrestrial network; or

[0023] The network node of the non-terrestrial network obtains second spectrum usage information of at least one spectrum unit of the terrestrial network under coverage of the non-terrestrial network, wherein the second spectrum usage information includes a second spectrum usage state, and the second spectrum usage state includes: occupied and unoccupied;

[0024] The network node selects, according to the second spectrum usage information, the spectrum unit whose second spectrum usage status is unoccupied as a working spectrum to communicate with the user terminal of the non-terrestrial network.

[0025] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a network node on a network side, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is configured to call and execute a computer program stored in the memory so that a device equipped with the processor performs the disclosed method.

[0026] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a spectrum sharing method, executed in a terminal device, characterized by comprising:

[0027] At least one terminal connected to a terrestrial network obtains first spectrum usage information of at least one spectrum unit of a non-terrestrial network (NTN); or

[0028] At least one terminal connected to the non-terrestrial network obtains second spectrum usage information of at least one spectrum unit of the terrestrial network;

[0029] The first spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network includes a first spectrum usage status of at least one spectrum unit of the non-terrestrial network, and the first spectrum usage status includes: occupied and unoccupied;

[0030] The second spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network includes a plurality of cell identifiers of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network and a spectrum usage status of the terrestrial network relative to the plurality of cell identifiers, the second spectrum usage information includes a second spectrum usage status of at least one spectrum unit of the terrestrial network, the second spectrum usage status including: occupied and unoccupied; and

[0031] According to the first spectrum usage information, the spectrum unit of the non-terrestrial network that is unoccupied in the first spectrum usage status is occupied by the terrestrial network as a working spectrum, or according to the second spectrum usage information, the spectrum unit of the terrestrial network that is unoccupied in the second spectrum usage status is occupied by the non-terrestrial network as a working spectrum.

[0032] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal device, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is configured to call and execute a computer program stored in the memory so that the device equipped with the processor performs the disclosed method.

[0033] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a spectrum sharing method, comprising:

[0034] At least one terminal device connected to a non-terrestrial network (NTN) obtains a cell identifier of at least one cell of the terrestrial network under coverage of the non-terrestrial network, and reports the at least one cell identifier of the terrestrial network;

[0035] enabling a network-side device to obtain distribution information of the at least one terminal device connected to the non-terrestrial network relative to at least one cell of the terrestrial network based on the at least one cell identifier of the terrestrial network reported by the at least one terminal device connected to the non-terrestrial network; and

[0036] The network side device determines the spectrum allocation status of at least one cell of the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network according to the distribution information and the service requirements of the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network.

[0037] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a wireless communication device, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is configured to call and execute a computer program stored in the memory so that the device equipped with the processor performs the disclosed method.

[0038] In a seventh aspect, a spectrum sharing method of the present invention is executed in a wireless communication device, comprising:

[0039] The network-side device receives, from at least one terminal device connected to a non-terrestrial network (NTN), a cell identifier of at least one cell of the terrestrial network under coverage of the non-terrestrial network, reported by the at least one terminal device connected to the non-terrestrial network;

[0040] The network-side device obtains distribution information of the at least one terminal device connected to the non-terrestrial network relative to at least one cell of the terrestrial network based on the at least one cell identifier of the terrestrial network reported by the at least one terminal device connected to the non-terrestrial network; and

[0041] The network-side device determines spectrum allocation status of at least one cell of the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network based on the distribution information and service requirements of the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network.

[0042] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a wireless communication device, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is configured to call and execute a computer program stored in the memory so that the device equipped with the processor performs the disclosed method.

[0043] The disclosed method can be programmed as computer-executable instructions stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium. The non-transitory computer-readable medium, when loaded into a computer, instructs the processor of the computer to execute the disclosed method.

[0044] The non-transitory computer-readable medium may include at least one of the group consisting of a hard disk, a CD-ROM, an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), and a flash memory.

[0045] The disclosed method can be programmed as a computer program product, which causes a computer to perform the disclosed method.

[0046] The disclosed method may be programmed as a computer program, which causes a computer to perform the disclosed method.

[0047] Technical effect:

[0048] In the integrated fusion scenario of NTN and terrestrial network systems, when the NTN system and the terrestrial network system share spectrum, the present invention proposes a dynamic spectrum sharing method between the NTN system and the terrestrial network system to improve spectrum utilization efficiency.

[0049] (1) The NTN system and the ground network system have a virtual spectrum management function module on the network side, which is responsible for dynamically allocating spectrum resources to the ground network system and the NTN system according to the dynamic changes in the business needs of the ground network system and the NTN system. Since the single-beam coverage of the NTN system includes multiple ground network system cells, in order to enable the NTN system and the ground network system to flexibly and dynamically share spectrum according to the coverage of the ground network cells, it is necessary to know which ground network cell or cells that the terminal connected to the NTN is covered by. This requires the terminal connected to the NTN to report the identifier (ID) of the ground network cell or the identifier (ID) of the ground network cell cluster to the network side of the NTN, so that the spectrum management function module can realize flexible and dynamic spectrum sharing between the NTN system and the ground network system based on the collected information.

[0050] (2) In the scenario where the NTN system and the terrestrial network system share spectrum, at least one wireless communication device (e.g., a terminal connected to the NTN, or a base station or terminal of the terrestrial network system) detects the spectrum usage of the terrestrial network system and / or the NTN system. For example, the terminal connected to the NTN detects the spectrum usage of the terrestrial network system; the base station or terminal of the terrestrial network system detects the spectrum usage of the NTN system. When one system detects that the frequency band initially allocated by another system is not in use, the system can allocate the unused frequency band to the other system for occupation, thereby improving the overall spectrum utilization efficiency.

[0051] Through the present invention, the NTN system and the ground network system can dynamically use the spectrum according to their respective business demand conditions, thereby improving the efficiency of spectrum use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] At least one embodiment is exemplarily illustrated by the figures in the accompanying drawings. These exemplifications do not limit the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements. Unless otherwise specified, the figures in the drawings are not intended to be proportional. The following embodiments are divided for convenience of description and are not intended to limit the specific implementation of the present invention. The various embodiments may be combined and referenced with each other as long as there is no contradiction.

[0053] FIG1 is a schematic diagram showing a spectrum sharing scenario between NTN and terrestrial network systems.

[0054] FIG2 is a schematic diagram showing interference between NTN downlink transmission and the terrestrial network system.

[0055] FIG3 is a schematic diagram showing interference between NTN uplink transmission and the terrestrial network system.

[0056] FIG4 is a schematic diagram showing the network architecture of the converged NTN and terrestrial network, which includes a spectrum management functional module.

[0057] FIG5 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a spectrum sharing method.

[0058] FIG6 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a spectrum sharing method.

[0059] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of a spectrum sharing method.

[0060] FIG8 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of a spectrum sharing method, including a step of connecting at least one terminal of a non-terrestrial network (NTN).

[0061] FIG9 is a schematic diagram showing dynamic spectrum sharing between the NTN and the terrestrial network based on the coverage of all terrestrial network cells.

[0062] FIG10 is a schematic diagram showing dynamic spectrum sharing between the NTN and the terrestrial network according to the terrestrial network cell coverage.

[0063] FIG11 is a schematic diagram showing dynamic spectrum sharing between the NTN and the terrestrial network system according to the terrestrial network cell cluster.

[0064] FIG12 is a schematic diagram showing co-frequency interference between NTN and terrestrial network systems.

[0065] FIG13 is a schematic diagram showing the signaling interaction between the NTN downlink and terrestrial network systems for dynamic spectrum sharing.

[0066] FIG14 is a schematic diagram showing dynamic spectrum sharing between the NTN system and the terrestrial network system.

[0067] FIG15 is a schematic diagram showing the dynamic spectrum sharing signaling interaction between the NTN uplink and terrestrial network systems.

[0068] FIG16 shows a schematic diagram of a base station cluster.

[0069] FIG17 shows a schematic diagram of a base station cluster.

[0070] FIG18 is a schematic diagram showing a converged network architecture of NTN and terrestrial networks, with a centralized control unit.

[0071] FIG19 shows a schematic diagram of a user equipment.

[0072] FIG20 is a schematic diagram showing a network device.

[0073] FIG21 is a schematic diagram showing a chip of the present invention.

[0074] FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing a chip of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clear, some embodiments of this application are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain this application and are not used to limit this application.

[0076] In the integrated fusion scenario of the NTN system and the terrestrial network system, when the NTN system and the terrestrial network system share spectrum, the present invention proposes a dynamic spectrum sharing method between the NTN system and the terrestrial network system to improve spectrum utilization efficiency.

[0077] For LBT spectrum occupancy-based approaches, within the single-beam coverage of the NTN, if a terminal connected to the NTN uses a certain spectrum segment, then base stations and terminals in all terrestrial network cells within the beam's coverage area may detect the same spectrum occupancy. Implementing dynamic spectrum sharing between the NTN system and the terrestrial network system based on the coverage of a single terrestrial network cell inevitably introduces co-channel interference. Furthermore, it is necessary to determine which terrestrial network cells or cells a terminal connected to the NTN will cause interference, so that interference suppression techniques can be employed to mitigate co-channel interference. For example, as shown in Figure 2 , when the downlink signal of NTN space station 40 shares spectrum with the terrestrial network system (including base stations 20a and 20b and terminals 10d and 10e), if the spectrum occupied by terminals 50a, 50b, and 50c connected to the NTN overlaps with the spectrum used by terrestrial network cells 201 and 202, the NTN downlink signal will inevitably interfere with the transmit and receive signals within the terrestrial network cells (as indicated by dashed line 402 in Figure 2 , with arrows indicating the direction of interference).

[0078] In addition, regarding the shared spectrum between the NTN uplink signal and the terrestrial network system, as shown in FIG3 , if the spectrum occupied by the NTN-connected terminals 50a and 50b overlaps with the spectrum used by the terrestrial network cells 201 and 202, the uplink signals of the NTN-connected terminals 50a and 50b will interfere with the adjacent cells 201 and 202, and the uplink and downlink signals of the terrestrial network cells 201 and 202 will interfere with the signal reception of the NTN space station 40. Therefore, to prevent the NTN-connected terminals 50a and 50b from interfering with the transceiver signals of the adjacent terrestrial network cells 201 and 202, it is necessary to distinguish which terrestrial network cells are adjacent to the NTN-connected terminals 50a and 50b and which are farther away from the NTN-connected terminals 50a and 50b. This ensures that the NTN-connected terminals will not interfere with the terrestrial network system even if frequency reuse occurs.

[0079] Based on the dynamic spectrum sharing scenarios shown in Figures 2 and 3, there are two main types of co-channel interference:

[0080] Category 1: Interference occurs when the terminal 50 connected to the NTN and the terrestrial network cells within its coverage area use the same frequency band;

[0081] Category 2: The ground network cell and the terminal 50 connected to the NTN share the same frequency band, and the ground network system will interfere with the reception of the NTN space station 40 .

[0082] The present invention mainly provides three methods for dynamic spectrum sharing between the NTN system and the terrestrial network system:

[0083] Method 1: The NTN system and all terrestrial network cells within its coverage area introduce a virtual spectrum management function module into the radio access network (RAN). This module is primarily responsible for dynamically allocating and managing spectrum based on the service conditions of the NTN and terrestrial network systems. In order for the NTN and terrestrial network systems to dynamically share spectrum based on the coverage of the terrestrial network cells, terminals connected to the NTN need to report the location information of their terrestrial network cells to the NTN network. This information can help the spectrum management function module determine the spectrum allocation for terminals connected to the NTN within the coverage of each terrestrial network cell. Once the spectrum allocation is determined, it can also help determine which cells of the NTN system and the terrestrial network system will have co-channel interference issues, thereby determining which terrestrial network cells require interference suppression technology.

[0084] Method 2: The NTN and terrestrial network systems first statically divide frequency bands. The NTN system's terminals monitor the spectrum usage of surrounding terrestrial network cells. If a spectrum segment is detected as idle (referred to as unused spectrum), the NTN-connected terminal can occupy it. The NTN-connected terminal simultaneously reports the detected unused spectrum and the cell identifier (ID) of the terrestrial network cell broadcast signal it can receive. Based on this information, the spectrum management module determines the bandwidth available to NTN-connected terminals in all terrestrial network cells.

[0085] Method 3: The NTN and terrestrial network systems first statically divide the frequency band. Multiple base stations within the terrestrial network cell jointly detect the NTN's spectrum usage to identify idle spectrum. The multiple terminals can then report the detected spectrum usage information to at least one base station. The multiple base stations receive this information via X2 or Xn. Finally, the base station determines the spectrum bandwidth that can be occupied by different terrestrial network cells based on the aggregated detection information. In specific implementation, the spectrum allocated to the NTN is segmented into multiple spectrum units. During the joint detection process, each of the multiple base stations or terminals detects at least one spectrum unit, ensuring that each spectrum unit is detected by a base station or terminal. This prevents a single base station or terminal from detecting multiple spectrum units, thereby reducing processing complexity for the base stations or terminals.

[0086] Referring to Figure 4 , the spectrum management functional module 34 can be a virtual functional module connecting the core network 300, the access network R1 of the terrestrial network system, and the access network R2 of the NTN system. The spectrum management functional module 34 can operate in any device or entity within the core network 300, access network R1, or access network R2, or it can operate in a distributed manner across multiple devices or entities within the network. The spectrum management functional module 34 can be integrated with any functional module within the core network 300, access network R1, or access network R2, operating within the same device or entity, or it can operate within a separate device or entity.

[0087] The core network 300 is connected to a data network 301 (e.g., the Internet). For example, the access network R1 of the terrestrial network system includes a base station 20 of the terrestrial network system, which is connected to multiple terminals 10 of the terrestrial network system. Examples of the terminals 10 include terminals 10d and 10e. For example, the access network R2 of the NTN system includes a space station 40 of the NTN system, an NTN gateway 41, and an NTN ground station 42. The space station 40 is connected to multiple terminals 50 of the NTN system. Examples of the terminals 50 include terminals 50a, 50b, and 50c. The terrestrial network system includes the multiple terminals 10, the access network R1, and the core network 300. The NTN system includes the multiple terminals 50, the access network R2, and the core network 300.

[0088] Referring to Figures 5 to 8 , a wireless communication system performs a spectrum sharing method. The wireless communication system may be at least one wireless communication device. For example, the wireless communication system may include at least one terminal connected to the terrestrial network, at least one base station, at least one terminal connected to the non-terrestrial network, or at least one space station.

[0089] Figures 5 and 6 illustrate an embodiment of passive spectrum sharing. A network node in the terrestrial network obtains first spectrum usage information for at least one spectrum unit in the non-terrestrial network, wherein the first spectrum usage information includes a first spectrum usage status, which includes: occupied or unoccupied (S131a). The network node in the non-terrestrial network obtains second spectrum usage information for at least one spectrum unit in the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network, wherein the second spectrum usage information includes a second spectrum usage status, which includes: occupied or unoccupied (S131b). The network-side network node may include a space station in the non-terrestrial network or a base station in the terrestrial network. The spectrum usage information for the terrestrial network includes multiple cell identifiers of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network and the spectrum usage status of the terrestrial network relative to the multiple cell identifiers. The spectrum usage information for the non-terrestrial network includes the spectrum usage status of the non-terrestrial network. The multiple cell identifiers include an identifier or a list of identifiers of at least one cell in the terrestrial network, or an identifier of a cell cluster.

[0090] In some embodiments of this aspect, the network node of the terrestrial network obtains the first spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network (NTN) through at least one user terminal connected thereto; or the network node of the terrestrial network directly obtains the first spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network (NTN). The network node of the non-terrestrial network obtains the second spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network through at least one user terminal connected thereto.

[0091] In some embodiments of this aspect, among multiple terminals connected to the non-terrestrial network, each terminal obtains the usage status of at least one spectrum unit of the terrestrial network and reports the obtained result to the space station of the non-terrestrial network. The space station integrates the reported result for the non-terrestrial network to determine the spectrum unit allocated to the terminal connected to the non-terrestrial network.

[0092] In some embodiments of this aspect, each of the multiple base stations in the terrestrial network obtains the usage status of at least one spectrum unit of the non-terrestrial network and shares the obtained result with other base stations in the terrestrial network, and the base stations integrate the obtained results for the terrestrial network to determine the spectrum unit allocated to the terrestrial network; or

[0093] Among the multiple terminals connected to the terrestrial network, each terminal obtains the usage status of at least one spectrum unit of the non-terrestrial network and reports the acquisition result to the base station of the terrestrial network. The base station integrates the reported acquisition result for the terrestrial network to determine the spectrum unit allocated to the terrestrial network.

[0094] In some embodiments of this aspect, the spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network is represented by a spectrum template information table, which indicates the usage of at least one spectrum unit in different cells. The usage status includes available, unavailable, or not acquired. The available spectrum units of the terrestrial network in the spectrum template information table are allocated as candidate spectrum units to the non-terrestrial network for use.

[0095] The spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network includes a usage status of each spectrum unit of a plurality of spectrum units of the non-terrestrial network;

[0096] If at least one spectrum unit is not occupied, the at least one unoccupied spectrum unit is allocated to the terrestrial network as a candidate spectrum unit.

[0097] The network node of the terrestrial network selects, based on the first spectrum usage information, the spectrum unit in which the first spectrum usage status is unoccupied as a working spectrum for communicating with the user terminal of the terrestrial network (S132a). The network node of the non-terrestrial network selects, based on the second spectrum usage information, the spectrum unit in which the second spectrum usage status is unoccupied as a working spectrum for communicating with the user terminal of the non-terrestrial network (S132b).

[0098] Referring to Figure 7, another embodiment of a spectrum sharing method performed by a terminal device is shown. The terminal device may include at least one terminal connected to a terrestrial network or at least one terminal connected to the non-terrestrial network. A terminal may have the functionality to connect to both the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network.

[0099] At least one terminal connected to a terrestrial network obtains first spectrum usage information of at least one spectrum unit of a non-terrestrial network (NTN); or at least one terminal connected to the non-terrestrial network obtains second spectrum usage information of at least one spectrum unit of the terrestrial network (S131'). The first spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network includes a first spectrum usage status of the at least one spectrum unit of the non-terrestrial network, the first spectrum usage status including occupied and unoccupied. The second spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network includes multiple cell identifiers of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network and the spectrum usage status of the terrestrial network relative to the multiple cell identifiers, and the second spectrum usage information includes a second spectrum usage status of the at least one spectrum unit of the terrestrial network, the second spectrum usage status including occupied and unoccupied. According to the first spectrum usage information, the spectrum unit of the non-terrestrial network with the first spectrum usage status of unoccupied is occupied by the terrestrial network as an operating spectrum, or according to the second spectrum usage information, the spectrum unit of the terrestrial network with the second spectrum usage status of unoccupied is occupied by the non-terrestrial network as an operating spectrum (S132').

[0100] In some embodiments of this aspect, the spectrum sharing method further includes:

[0101] The network node obtains a plurality of cell identifiers of the terrestrial network under the non-terrestrial network coverage. The cell identifiers include a cell identifier or an identifier list, or an identifier of a cell cluster.

[0102] In some embodiments of this aspect, the spectrum sharing method further includes:

[0103] At least one terminal connected to the terrestrial network obtains a plurality of cell identifiers of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network; or

[0104] At least one terminal connected to the non-terrestrial network and multiple cell identifiers of the terrestrial network covered by the non-terrestrial network, wherein the multiple cell identifiers include an identifier or a list of identifiers of at least one cell of the terrestrial network, or an identifier of a cell cluster.

[0105] In some embodiments of this aspect, it also includes:

[0106] Spectrum interference avoidance is performed according to the obtained second spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network or the obtained first spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network.

[0107] In some embodiments of this aspect, the method of avoiding spectrum interference includes:

[0108] At least one terminal of the terrestrial network receives location information sent by a network node of the terrestrial network, including location information of the network node of the terrestrial network and the network node of the non-terrestrial network or location information of the network node of the non-terrestrial network;

[0109] At least one terminal of the ground network calculates and feeds back channel state information (CSI) to the network node of the ground network based on the location information, wherein after the at least one terminal obtains the above-mentioned location information, the terminal determines the final reported precoding matrix indicator (PMI) information based on the location information during the CSI calculation process, and the beam formed by the codebook determined by the PMI information performs interference suppression in the direction of the network node of the ground network to the network node of the non-ground network.

[0110] In some embodiments of this aspect, the spectrum interference avoidance method includes:

[0111] A base station of the terrestrial network determines, based on the position information of the non-terrestrial network space station relative to the base station itself, whether to transmit the position information of the base station and the non-terrestrial network space station or only transmit the position information of the non-terrestrial network space station to at least one terminal of the terrestrial network to be interfered with;

[0112] The at least one terminal receives the location information, calculates and feeds back channel state information (CSI) to the base station based on the location information, wherein after the at least one terminal obtains the above-mentioned location information, the terminal determines the final reported precoding matrix indicator (PMI) information based on the location information during the CSI calculation process, and the beam formed by the codebook determined by the PMI information suppresses interference in the direction of the non-ground network space station by the base station.

[0113] In some embodiments of this aspect, the second spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network includes spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network predicted based on historical spectrum usage information and current spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network. The first spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network includes spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network predicted based on historical spectrum usage information and current spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network.

[0114] In some embodiments of this aspect, the second spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network includes a spectrum template information table, wherein the spectrum template information table indicates the usage status of at least one spectrum unit in different cells, wherein the usage status includes: occupied and unoccupied. The network node of the non-terrestrial network selects at least one unoccupied spectrum unit of the terrestrial network from the spectrum template information table as the working spectrum to communicate with the user terminal of the non-terrestrial network. The user terminal of the non-terrestrial network communicates with the network node of the non-terrestrial network using at least one unoccupied spectrum unit of the terrestrial network in the spectrum template information table as the working spectrum.

[0115] In some embodiments of this aspect, the first spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network includes the usage status of at least one spectrum unit of the non-terrestrial network, where the usage status includes: occupied or unoccupied. The network node of the terrestrial network selects at least one unoccupied spectrum unit as the operating spectrum for communication with a user terminal of the terrestrial network based on the first spectrum usage information. The user terminal of the terrestrial network communicates with the network node of the terrestrial network using the at least one unoccupied spectrum unit of the non-terrestrial network as the operating spectrum.

[0116] Figure 8 illustrates an embodiment of active spectrum sharing. At least one terminal device 50 connected to a non-terrestrial network (NTN) obtains a cell identifier of at least one cell of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network, and reports at least one cell identifier 111 of the terrestrial network (S231). The network side device 25 receives the cell identifier 111 of at least one cell of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network reported by at least one terminal device 50 connected to the non-terrestrial network (NTN) (S331). The network side device 25 is a space station of the non-terrestrial network, a ground station of the non-terrestrial network, a spectrum management functional module, or a base station of the terrestrial network. The at least one cell identifier includes an identifier or an identifier list of at least one cell of the terrestrial network, or an identifier of a cell cluster.

[0117] The network-side device 25 obtains distribution information of the at least one terminal device 50 connected to the non-terrestrial network in at least one cell of the terrestrial network based on the at least one cell identifier of the terrestrial network reported by the at least one terminal device 50 connected to the non-terrestrial network (S332). The distribution information reflects the location of the terminal connected to the non-terrestrial network relative to the cell coverage of the terrestrial network. The at least one cell identifier is determined by a broadcast signal of a cell of the terrestrial network obtained by the terminal connected to the non-terrestrial network, or by a network-side device of the terrestrial network.

[0118] The network-side device 25 determines spectrum allocation status for at least one cell of the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network based on the distribution information and the service requirements of the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network (S333). The spectrum allocation status is used to determine spectrum usage information for the terrestrial network and spectrum usage information for the non-terrestrial network relative to the at least one cell identifier.

[0119] In some embodiments of this aspect, the network side device 25 performs spectrum interference avoidance according to the obtained spectrum allocation status. The spectrum interference avoidance method includes:

[0120] The spectrum management function module allocates spectrum for uplink or downlink transmission of the non-terrestrial network to avoid interference with the spectrum of the terrestrial network. The spectrum management function module ensures that the spectrum for uplink or downlink transmission of the non-terrestrial network and the spectrum of the terrestrial network use different spectrum units across all cells, a single cell, or a cell cluster of the terrestrial network. The spectrum management function module transmits instruction information via a base station of the terrestrial network to instruct at least one terminal 10 connected to the terrestrial network to avoid spectrum interference.

[0121] In some embodiments of this aspect, the spectrum interference avoidance includes:

[0122] The at least one terminal 10 receives the position information of the non-ground network space station relative to the base station itself sent by a base station based on the ground network, calculates and feeds back channel state information (CSI) to the base station based on the position information, wherein the position information is the position information of the base station and the non-ground network space station or the position information of the non-ground network space station. After the at least one terminal 10 obtains the above-mentioned position information, it determines the final reported precoding matrix indicator (PMI) information based on the position information in the process of calculating the CSI. The beam formed by the codebook determined by the PMI information suppresses interference in the direction of the non-ground network space station by the base station.

[0123] In some embodiments of this aspect, the spectrum interference avoidance includes:

[0124] A base station of the terrestrial network determines, based on the position information of the non-terrestrial network space station relative to the base station itself, whether to send the position information of the base station and the non-terrestrial network space station or only send the position information of the non-terrestrial network space station to at least one terminal 10 of the terrestrial network to be interfered with;

[0125] The at least one terminal 10 receives the location information, calculates and feeds back channel state information (CSI) to the base station based on the location information, wherein after the at least one terminal 10 obtains the above-mentioned location information, the terminal 10 determines the final reported precoding matrix indicator (PMI) information based on the location information during the CSI calculation process, and the beam formed by the codebook determined by the PMI information suppresses interference in the direction of the non-ground network space station by the base station.

[0126] In some embodiments of this aspect, in the area covered by all cells, a single cell or a cell cluster of the terrestrial network, the spectrum management function module enables the spectrum units of the non-terrestrial network that have a larger interval with the spectrum occupied by the terrestrial network to be preferentially allocated to the uplink transmission or downlink transmission of the non-terrestrial network.

[0127] In some embodiments of this aspect, in the coverage area of ​​at least one cell of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network, the union of the spectrums of at least one cell of the terrestrial network relative to the spectrum units in the complement of all spectrums to be allocated for use are allocated to the non-terrestrial network.

[0128] In some embodiments of this aspect, in the coverage area of ​​each cell of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network, the spectrum of the cell of the terrestrial network is allocated to the non-terrestrial network relative to the spectrum unit in the complement set of all spectrums to be allocated for use.

[0129] In some embodiments of this aspect, in the coverage area of ​​each cell cluster of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network, the union of the required spectrums of all cells of the cell cluster of the terrestrial network relative to the spectrum units in the complement of all spectrums to be allocated for use are allocated to the non-terrestrial network.

[0130] The method for avoiding spectrum interference includes sending avoidance instruction information. The avoidance instruction information can be sent from the network device of the network-side device 25 to the base station 20, and then sent from the base station 20 to the terminal 10. For example, the spectrum management function module sends instruction information based on the obtained spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network or the spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network to instruct at least one terminal 10 connected to the terrestrial network to avoid spectrum interference.

[0131] Spectrum interference avoidance may be performed on at least one terminal 10 and at least one base station connected to the terrestrial network.

[0132] In some embodiments, the spectrum interference avoidance includes a spectrum management function module allocating the spectrum of the uplink transmission or downlink transmission of the non-terrestrial network to avoid interference with the spectrum of the terrestrial network. The spectrum management function module enables the spectrum of the uplink transmission or downlink transmission of the non-terrestrial network and the spectrum of the terrestrial network to use different spectrum units in a cell or cell cluster of the terrestrial network.

[0133] It should be understood that the NTN network-side device mentioned herein may be a device or entity in the access network R2 or the core network 300 of the NTN system, such as the space station 40, the NTN gateway 41, the NTN ground station 42, or the spectrum management functional module 34. The terrestrial network network-side device mentioned herein may be a device or entity in the access network R1 or the core network 300 of the terrestrial network system, such as the base station 20 or the spectrum management functional module 34. The NTN and the terrestrial network may comply with the International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) standard of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The terminal 50 connected to the NTN may or may not have the function of connecting to the terrestrial network. The terminal 10 connected to the terrestrial network may or may not have the function of connecting to the NTN. The terminal 50 connected to the NTN and the terminal 10 connected to the terrestrial network may constitute the same terminal device or different terminal devices.

[0134] Example 1

[0135] This embodiment illustrates a scenario where spectrum is shared between the NTN downlink and the terrestrial network system. It should be understood that this embodiment is also applicable to scenarios where spectrum is shared between the NTN uplink and the terrestrial network system. The spectrum usage information (e.g., the spectrum template information table) contains available spectrum units for the terrestrial network, allowing spectrum sharing with non-terrestrial networks.

[0136] As shown in FIG4 , in order to realize dynamic spectrum sharing between the NTN system and the terrestrial network system according to the coverage of the terrestrial network cells, it is assumed that a spectrum management function module 34 (virtual function module) is introduced on the network side. As shown in FIG4 , the spectrum management function module 34 is mainly responsible for allocating spectrum according to the service conditions of the NTN and terrestrial network systems. If the sum of the spectrum required by the NTN service and the union of the spectrum requirements of all cells of the terrestrial network under its coverage is less than the total spectrum bandwidth, it is obvious that the spectrum allocation of the NTN and terrestrial networks only needs to be greater than the service requirements. However, in an actual fusion system, the bandwidth required by the NTN system and the bandwidth required by the terrestrial network cells under its coverage is likely to be greater than the total bandwidth. In this case, the entire bandwidth needs to be dynamically shared according to service requirements. The specific sharing methods include the following three:

[0137] Method 1: Dynamic spectrum sharing is performed across all terrestrial network cells within the NTN coverage area. Within the coverage area of ​​the non-terrestrial network, and in areas outside the coverage of all terrestrial network cells, the spectrum management module 34 can allocate the spectrum used by the terrestrial network to the non-terrestrial network. As shown in Figure 9, if dynamic spectrum sharing is performed in this manner, the spectrum management module 34 needs to know the relationship between the terminal 50 connected to the NTN and the coverage area of ​​the terrestrial network cells. If the terminal 50 connected to the NTN is outside the coverage area of ​​the terrestrial network cells, the terminal 50 connected to the NTN can be allocated the full bandwidth. If the terminal 50 connected to the NTN is within the coverage area of ​​a terrestrial network cell, the bandwidth allocated to the terminal 50 is the complement of the union of the allocated bandwidths of all terrestrial network cells. To reduce co-channel interference from NTN downlink signals on the terrestrial network system, the NTN system should schedule spectrum resources starting with the spectrum resources on the side that is likely to cause less co-channel interference to the terrestrial network system. Within the coverage area of ​​each cell of the terrestrial network, the spectrum management function module 34 prioritizes the allocation of spectrum units that are larger in distance from the terrestrial network's occupied spectrum to the non-terrestrial network for uplink or downlink transmission. As shown in Figure 9, in cell 1, the terrestrial network's spectrum units are SU01 and SU02. The spectrum management function module 34 prioritizes the allocation of spectrum units (SU03, SU04, and SU05) that are larger in distance from the terrestrial network's occupied spectrum to the non-terrestrial network for uplink or downlink transmission. In cell 2, the terrestrial network's spectrum units are SU01, SU02, and SU03. The spectrum management function module 34 prioritizes the allocation of spectrum units (SU04 and SU05) that are larger in distance from the terrestrial network's occupied spectrum to the non-terrestrial network for uplink or downlink transmission. The relationship between the terminal 50 connected to the NTN and the IMT coverage area can be determined by the terminal 50 detecting the broadcast signal of the terrestrial network cell. If the terminal 50 detects the broadcast signal of the terrestrial network cell, the terminal 50 can report the relationship with the terrestrial network cell coverage to the NTN network side. This relationship can be represented by 1 bit. If the bit is 1, it means that the terminal 50 is within the coverage of a terrestrial network cell. If the bit is 0, it means that the terminal 50 is outside the coverage of the terrestrial network cell. It should be understood that this is only an example of one form. There may be other ways to distinguish the relationship between the terminal 50 connected to the NTN and the terrestrial network cell coverage area. This document does not impose any restrictions, and any other form is acceptable.

[0138] As can be seen from the above description, within the coverage area of ​​at least one cell of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network, the union of the spectrum of at least one cell of the terrestrial network relative to the spectrum elements in the complement of the total spectrum to be allocated for use is allocated to the non-terrestrial network. If a terminal 50 connected to the NTN is located outside the coverage area of ​​the terrestrial network cell, the full bandwidth can be allocated to the terminal 50 connected to the NTN. This approach ensures the spectrum requirements of the terminal 50 connected to the NTN outside the coverage area of ​​the terrestrial network cell to a certain extent, but it can also introduce significant co-channel interference to the terrestrial network system.

[0139] Method 2: Dynamic spectrum sharing is performed for each terrestrial network cell within the NTN coverage area. In areas outside of all cells or cell clusters of the terrestrial network, the spectrum management module allocates the complement of the union of the spectrum used by the terrestrial network to the non-terrestrial network. As shown in Figure 10 , to dynamically share spectrum using this method, the spectrum management module 34 needs to know which terrestrial network cell the NTN-connected terminal 50 is located within. This allows it to allocate spectrum resources based on the service demand of a specific terrestrial network cell. If it is known that the terminal 50 is located within the coverage area of ​​a specific terrestrial network cell, the bandwidth allocated to the NTN-connected terminal 50 is the complement of the bandwidth occupied by that terrestrial network cell. The allocation of specific frequency domain resources is similar to Method 1. To reduce co-channel interference from NTN downlink signals on the terrestrial network system, the NTN system should schedule spectrum resources starting with spectrum resources that are likely to cause less co-channel interference to the terrestrial network system (e.g., the higher frequency band in Figure 10 ). The principle of resource scheduling for NTN-connected terminals 50 is to minimize co-channel interference with the terrestrial network system.

[0140] The relationship between the NTN-connected terminal 50 and the coverage area of ​​a terrestrial network cell can be determined by the NTN-connected terminal 50 monitoring broadcast signals from the terrestrial network cell. If the NTN-connected terminal 50 monitors the broadcast signal of a terrestrial network cell, the NTN-connected terminal 50 can report the monitored terrestrial network cell identifier (ID) to the NTN network. Based on the cell ID reported by the NTN-connected terminal 50, the NTN network can determine that the terminal 50 is located within the coverage area corresponding to the reported cell ID. Reporting the cell ID is only one way to distinguish which terrestrial network cell the NTN-connected terminal 50 is located within; other methods are possible, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. For example, the NTN-connected terminal 50 may monitor broadcast information from multiple terrestrial network cells simultaneously. In this case, the NTN-connected terminal 50 can determine a terrestrial network cell ID to report based on a certain rule (e.g., the terrestrial network cell with the highest Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), which is not specifically restricted). Alternatively, the terminal 50 connected to the NTN reports the monitored multiple ground network cell IDs and RSRP information. The NTN network side determines the ground network cell coverage to which the terminal 50 connected to the NTN belongs based on the reported information. For the terminal 50 connected to the NTN outside the coverage of the ground network cell, part of the spectrum can be statically allocated to the ground network system and the NTN system respectively during the spectrum allocation process. The terminal 50 connected to the NTN outside the coverage of the ground network cell is preferentially allocated with the statically allocated spectrum resources, which can effectively avoid the same-channel interference with the ground network cell. Furthermore, in order to reduce the same-channel interference between ground network cells that may be caused during the dynamic sharing of spectrum, during the spectrum allocation process, multiple ground network cells with similar spectrum bandwidth requirements are regarded as a cell cluster, and the complement of the union of the spectrum required by the cell cluster is allocated to the non-ground network.

[0141] This approach makes the allocation of spectrum resources between the NTN system and the terrestrial network cells more flexible, but also introduces more co-frequency interference to other terrestrial network cells.

[0142] From the above description, it can be seen that in the coverage area of ​​each cell of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network, the spectrum units in the complementary set of the spectrum of the cell of the terrestrial network relative to the total spectrum to be allocated for use are allocated to the non-terrestrial network.

[0143] Method 3: Dynamic spectrum sharing is performed according to the ground network cell cluster under the coverage of the NTN. As shown in Figure 11, in order to dynamically share the spectrum in this way, the spectrum management function module 34 needs to know which ground network cell cluster the terminal 50 connected to the NTN is covered by, so that spectrum resources can be jointly allocated according to the service demand conditions of a specific ground network cell cluster. If it is known that the terminal 50 connected to the NTN is located under the coverage of a certain ground network cell cluster, the bandwidth that can be allocated to the terminal is the complement of the union of the bandwidths occupied by all ground network cells in the ground network cell cluster. The call of specific frequency domain resources is the same as that of methods one and two, and as little co-channel interference as possible is introduced. The relationship between the terminal 50 connected to the NTN and the coverage of the ground network cell cluster can be determined by the terminal 50 connected to the NTN monitoring the broadcast signals of the cells under the ground network cell cluster. If the NTN-connected terminal 50 monitors a broadcast signal from a terrestrial network cell cluster, it can report the ID of the monitored terrestrial network cell cluster to the NTN network. Based on the cell cluster ID reported by the NTN-connected terminal 50, the NTN network can determine that the terminal is located within the coverage area corresponding to the reported cell cluster ID. Within each cell cluster area of ​​the terrestrial network, the spectrum management module prioritizes spectrum elements of the non-terrestrial network that are farther from the spectrum occupied by the terrestrial network for uplink or downlink transmission of the non-terrestrial network. Reporting the cell cluster ID is only one way to distinguish which terrestrial network cell the NTN-connected terminal 50 is located within. Other methods (such as the terrestrial network cell ID) are also possible, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. For example, if the NTN-connected terminal 50 monitors a broadcast signal from a terrestrial network cell that belongs to a terrestrial network cell cluster, the NTN-connected terminal 50 can report the cell cluster ID to the network. The division of terrestrial network cell clusters can be determined by the network side of the terrestrial network. The specific division principle can be based on geographical location or the service requirements of the terrestrial network cells, which is not restricted in this article.

[0144] From the above description, it can be seen that in the coverage area of ​​each cell cluster of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network, the spectrum units in the complement of the union of the spectrums of all cells in the cell cluster of the terrestrial network relative to the total spectrum to be allocated for use are allocated to the non-terrestrial network.

[0145] Referring to FIG12 , this approach makes the allocation of spectrum resources between the NTN system and the terrestrial network cell relatively flexible on the one hand, and on the other hand reduces the co-channel interference caused by the NTN system to the terrestrial network cell 1 in the spectrum region 61 to a certain extent.

[0146] For the aforementioned dynamic spectrum sharing methods, when the spectrum occupied by the NTN system overlaps with the spectrum allocation of a terrestrial network cell, the NTN system's downlink signal will cause co-channel interference to the terrestrial network system's uplink and downlink receive signals. As shown in Figure 12 below, spectrum region 61 will cause co-channel interference to all cells within spectrum region 62. To reduce the impact of co-channel interference on system performance, base stations or terminals in the terrestrial network can employ interference avoidance or suppression techniques to mitigate the impact of co-channel interference. Because the network side of the NTN and terrestrial network systems possesses spectrum usage information for these systems, the network side can determine which terrestrial network cells the NTN system will cause co-channel interference to. Therefore, the network side of the terrestrial network can issue an indication signal to indicate which terrestrial network-connected terminals 10 in these terrestrial network cells require interference avoidance. The base stations or terminals corresponding to these terrestrial network cells can employ interference avoidance techniques to avoid the co-channel interference introduced by the NTN system, thereby improving overall network performance. For example, a base station or terminal of a ground network can avoid interference from an NTN space station (such as NTN space station 40) to a ground network system from space through beamforming technology. This article does not restrict interference suppression technology, and any form of interference avoidance technology can be used.

[0147] The various methods of Example 1 can also be applied to the case where the NTN uplink signal and the ground network system share the same spectrum. Combining the above methods, this article provides the main signaling interaction process of the entire system, as shown in Figure 13.

[0148] The NTN space station 40 sends dynamic spectrum sharing switch indication information to the terminal 50 connected to the NTN to start dynamic spectrum sharing (S101). The terminal 50 connected to the NTN receives the dynamic spectrum sharing switch indication information and performs cell measurement to obtain a cell ID or a cell cluster ID in response to the dynamic spectrum sharing switch indication information (S102). The terminal 50 connected to the NTN reports the obtained cell ID or cell cluster ID to the NTN space station 40 (S103). The NTN space station 40 obtains the distribution location information of the terminal 50 connected to the NTN in the cell of the ground network and sends the location information to the spectrum management function module 34 (S104). The spectrum management function module 34 determines the spectrum allocation status of the cell of the ground network and the NTN system (i.e., spectrum usage information) based on the service information of the ground network system and the NTN system (S105). The spectrum management function module 34 determines which terminals 10 need to perform interference avoidance based on the spectrum allocation situation (i.e., spectrum usage information), and sends avoidance indication information to the terminal 10 to instruct the terminal 10 to perform interference avoidance to avoid interference from the NTN space station 40 (S106). The base station 40 receives the avoidance indication information (S107). The base station 40 determines which terminals 10 connected to the ground network need to perform interference avoidance, and sends avoidance indication information to the terminals 10 that need to perform interference avoidance to instruct the terminals 10 to perform interference avoidance (S110). The terminal 10 receives the avoidance indication information and performs interference avoidance in response to the avoidance indication information (S111).

[0149] Example 2

[0150] This embodiment illustrates a scenario where spectrum is shared between the NTN uplink and the terrestrial network system. As shown in Figure 4 , to enable dynamic spectrum sharing between the NTN and terrestrial network systems based on terrestrial network cell coverage, a spectrum management function module 34 (a virtual function module) is introduced on the network side. As shown in Figure 4 , this function module is primarily responsible for allocating spectrum based on the service requirements of the NTN and terrestrial network systems. If the sum of the spectrum required by the NTN service and the spectrum requirements of all terrestrial network cells within its coverage area is less than the total spectrum bandwidth, then the spectrum allocations between the NTN and terrestrial networks simply need to exceed the service requirements. However, in an actual converged system, the bandwidth required by the NTN system and the bandwidth required by the terrestrial network cells within its coverage area may exceed the total bandwidth. In this case, dynamic spectrum sharing of the entire bandwidth based on service requirements is necessary.

[0151] To avoid co-channel interference between the NTN-connected terminal 50 and adjacent terrestrial network cells, the specific spectrum sharing method can be determined based on the interference situation when the NTN-connected terminal 50 and adjacent terrestrial network cells are co-channeled. For example, if the NTN-connected terminal 50 only interferes with the uplink and downlink transmissions of its current terrestrial network cell, the NTN system can reuse the spectrum allocated with other terrestrial network cells in addition to the current cell. If the NTN-connected terminal 50 significantly interferes with the transmission and reception of its current terrestrial network cell and adjacent cells, the NTN system can reuse the spectrum allocated with other cells in addition to these cells to mitigate interference. As shown in Figure 14, assuming that the NTN-connected terminal 50 can receive broadcast signals from cells 1 through 3, if the spectrum of the NTN-connected terminal 50 partially or completely overlaps with that of cells 1 through 3, it is considered that interference will occur to the transmission and reception signals of cells 1 through 3 in the overlapping portion of the spectrum. To avoid interference, within the coverage area of ​​cells 1 to 3, the spectrum allocated to the NTN-connected terminal 50 (e.g., spectrum region 63) does not overlap with cells 1 to 3, but may overlap with cells X to Z. Outside the coverage area of ​​cells 1 to 3, such as the coverage area of ​​cells X to Z in the figure, the spectrum allocated to the NTN-connected terminal 50 (e.g., spectrum region 64) may overlap with terrestrial network cells 1 to 3. There are many ways to determine which terrestrial network cells the NTN-connected terminal 50 will cause co-channel interference, which are not specifically limited here. For example, the intensity of signal interference can be monitored and a threshold can be set, with the interference considered unacceptable only when it exceeds a certain threshold.

[0152] It should be noted that while the aforementioned approach can avoid or reduce interference from the NTN-connected terminal 50 to the terrestrial network system, if the spectrum of the terrestrial network system and the NTN system overlap, the transmit and receive signals of the terrestrial network cell will interfere with the received signals of the NTN space station 40. This type of interference is circumvented by various interference avoidance techniques, as exemplified in the present invention. The network will determine, based on collected information, which base stations and terminals in the terrestrial network cells require interference avoidance and notify the terminals in the corresponding terrestrial network cells of the determination.

[0153] Based on the above description, the system interaction process is shown in Figure 15 below. The NTN space station 40 sends a dynamic spectrum sharing on / off indication message to the NTN-connected terminal 50 to initiate dynamic spectrum sharing (S101). The NTN-connected terminal 50 receives the dynamic spectrum sharing on / off indication message and performs cell measurement to obtain a cell ID or cell cluster ID in response to the dynamic spectrum sharing on / off indication message (S102). The NTN-connected terminal 50 measures the broadcast signals of adjacent terrestrial network cells in accordance with the instructions of the NTN space station 40. The NTN-connected terminal 50 reports the obtained cell ID or cell cluster ID to the NTN space station 40 (S103). Based on the measurement results, the NTN-connected terminal 50 determines whether to report the ID of the cell it is in or a list of adjacent cell IDs. The NTN space station 40 obtains the distribution location information of the NTN-connected terminal 50 in the terrestrial network cells and sends this location information to the spectrum management function module 34 (S104). The spectrum management function module 34 determines the spectrum allocation of the ground network cell and the NTN system (i.e., spectrum usage information) based on the service information of the ground network system and the NTN system (S105). This can determine which ground network cell base station transmission signals and terminal reception signals will interfere with the reception of the NTN space station 40. This can then determine which base stations and terminals need to perform interference avoidance. The spectrum management function module 34 determines which terminals 10 need to perform interference avoidance based on the spectrum allocation (i.e., spectrum usage information), and sends avoidance instruction information to the terminal 10 to instruct the terminal 10 to perform interference avoidance to avoid interference from the NTN space station 40 (S106). If it is determined that a terminal 10 in a certain ground network cell needs to perform interference avoidance. There are many ways for the terminal 10 to perform interference avoidance. For example, the terminal can design beamforming based on the position of the NTN space station relative to itself, so that the zero lobe or side lobe of the beam points to the NTN space station. No specific restrictions are imposed here.

[0154] Furthermore, for the base station 20 that determines precoding through the feedback of channel state information (CSI) from the terminal 10, the interference avoidance of the base station 20 on the NTN space station 40 may require the base station 20 to send the location information of the NTN space station 40 relative to the base station 20 itself to the terminal 10, which can be specifically reflected in the longitude, latitude, and altitude information of the NTN space station 40 and the base station 20, or only send the location information of the NTN space station 40, which can be specifically reflected in the altitude, longitude, and latitude information of the NTN space station 40. Furthermore, the location information of the NTN space station 40 can also be sent in the form of ephemeris or ephemeris plus timestamp, and the terminal 10 determines the altitude, longitude, and latitude information of the NTN space station 40 based on the sent ephemeris information. Alternatively, the location information of the NTN space station 40 may be transmitted in the form of a unified satellite number or a unified number plus a timestamp. In this way, the satellite's ephemeris information may be stored in a local system of a base station or terminal. The base station or terminal determines the satellite's position information by combining the locally stored satellite ephemeris information with the received timestamp information. Based on the location information of the NTN space station 40 relative to the base station 20 itself, the base station 20 determines whether to transmit the location information of both the base station 20 and the NTN space station 40, or to transmit only the location information of the NTN space station 40, to at least one terminal 10 in the terrestrial network requiring interference avoidance (S108).

[0155] The at least one terminal 10 receives the location information from the base station 20. Alternatively, the at least one terminal 10 may obtain the location information of the base station 20 through positioning. The at least one terminal 10 calculates and feeds back the CSI to the base station 20 based on the location information (S109). After the at least one terminal 10 obtains the above information, it may determine the final reported precoding matrix indicator (PMI) information based on the location information (for example, the location information of the base station 20 and the NTN space station 40) during the CSI calculation process. The beam formed by the codebook determined by the PMI information is used to suppress interference in the direction of the base station 20 to the NTN space station 40.

[0156] The base station 40 determines which terminals 10 connected to the ground network need to avoid interference, and based on the result of the determination, sends avoidance indication information to the terminals 10 that need to avoid interference to instruct the terminals 10 to avoid interference (S110). The terminal 10 receives and responds to the avoidance indication information and performs interference avoidance (S111). When the multiple terminals 10 under the determined ground network cell avoid interference with the NTN space station 40, they also need to use the location information of the NTN space station 40, so that the multiple terminals 10 can choose beams that interfere less with the NTN space station 40 when calculating uplink precoding. The above-mentioned interference avoidance method is only one of them, and there may be other methods, but it is inevitable that the location information of the NTN space station 40 needs to be known.

[0157] Example 3

[0158] This embodiment uses artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) to predict spectrum usage after a period of time. The method of this embodiment can be applied in other embodiments. This embodiment is the same as the scenario of embodiment 1, and illustrates the scenario where the NTN downlink and the terrestrial network system share spectrum in the uplink and downlink. The available spectrum units of the terrestrial network in the spectrum usage information (such as the spectrum template information table) can be occupied by the non-terrestrial network. The NTN and terrestrial network systems first divide the frequency bands in a static manner. For example, the bandwidths used by the NTN and the terrestrial network are M respectively. NTN and M IMT , and M NTN +M IMT=M, where M is the bandwidth of the entire system. When the static spectrum allocated to the NTN system cannot meet the service needs of the terminal 50 connected to the NTN, the NTN network side sends an idle spectrum detection indication signal to the terminal 50 connected to the NTN. After receiving the idle spectrum detection indication signal, the terminal 50 connected to the NTN starts the idle spectrum detection process. Since the NTN single beam coverage area includes multiple ground network cells, the terminal 50 connected to the NTN detects the idle spectrum of the ground network according to the predetermined bandwidth, determines the cell ID list corresponding to the detected idle spectrum, and reports this information to the NTN network side. Taking into account the reporting delay of the terminal 50 connected to the NTN and the scheduling delay of the NTN space station 40, the terminal 50 connected to the NTN or the NTN space station 40 can predict the spectrum usage status of the ground network after a period of time. For example, the terminal 50 connected to the NTN combines historical spectrum usage information and current usage information through artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) to predict the spectrum usage status after a period of time. The NTN network side aggregates the information reported by the NTN-connected terminal 50 and determines the bandwidth information that can be occupied by the NTN-connected terminal 50 in all ground network cells. Specifically, it is assumed that the bandwidth M allocated by the ground network system is IMT The spectrum can be divided into K frequency bands, each with a bandwidth of 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 20 MHz, or other bandwidths. The embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and each spectrum band does not necessarily have to have the same bandwidth. The NTN-connected terminal 50 detects each of the K frequency bands. Furthermore, the NTN-connected terminal 50 measures the broadcast signals of the terrestrial network cells. The NTN-connected terminal 50 reports the detected idle frequency bands and the measured terrestrial network cell ID information to the NTN network. The NTN network aggregates the information reported by the NTN-connected terminal 50 to determine which frequency bands can be allocated for use / occupancy by the NTN-connected terminal 50. Alternatively, the NTN network uses the cell ID information and idle frequency band information reported by the NTN-connected terminal 50 as input signals for an AI model, combined with a pre-trained spectrum usage prediction module, to predict the bandwidth usage of terrestrial network cells or cell clusters over a period of time in the future, thereby determining which frequency bands can be allocated to the NTN-connected terminal 50 at a certain point in the future.

[0159] As described above, the information reported by the NTN-connected terminal 50 to the NTN network can take various forms, as long as the information helps the network determine which frequency bands the NTN-connected terminal 50 can use. For example, the NTN-connected terminal 50 can obtain cell or cell ID list information by receiving broadcast signals from the terrestrial network. For example, the information reported by the NTN-connected terminal 50 can take one or more of the following forms:

[0160] (1) Available or unavailable SU# list, cell ID list;

[0161] (2) Available or unavailable SU#, cell ID list;

[0162] (3) Available or unavailable SU# list, cell ID;

[0163] (4) Available or unavailable SU#, cell ID;

[0164] (5) Available or unavailable SU#;

[0165] (6) Available or unavailable SU# list.

[0166] Where SU# represents the spectrum unit numbered #. The aforementioned reporting formats may also include channel occupancy time (COT) information or RSRP strength information of the terrestrial network cell broadcast signal measured by the NTN-connected terminal 50, or both. The NTN network can determine which spectrum units are available for use / occupancy by the NTN-connected terminal 50 based on this terminal-reported information. For example, the NTN network can determine which cells these SU# lists primarily apply to based on RSRP information, SU# list information, and cell ID list information reported by the NTN-connected terminal 50. The specific determination method is not restricted here. Furthermore, since the NTN single-beam coverage area includes multiple terrestrial network cells, any overlap in bandwidth allocated to a terminal 50 with that allocated to a terrestrial network cell will cause co-channel interference to the terrestrial network system. To avoid the impact of co-channel interference, the NTN network can determine which frequency bands are available for allocation to the NTN-connected terminal 50 based on the spectrum template information table shown below.

[0167] Table 1

[0168] For example, the bandwidth M initially allocated to the ground network IMTThe spectrum can be divided into four spectrum units SU1 to SU4, and the number of terrestrial network cells within the coverage of a single NTN beam is N. Based on the information reported by each terminal 50 connected to the NTN, the NTN network generates a spectrum template information table for each terminal 50 connected to the NTN. After summarizing the information reported by all terminals 50 connected to the NTN, the NTN network superimposes or integrates the spectrum template information tables for each terminal. Tables 2, 3, and 4 respectively represent the cell or cell ID list information reported by terminals 50a, 50b, and 50c connected to the NTN. Table 1 illustrates the superimposition or integration of reported cell or cell ID list information. If all spectrum units SU for a cell in each terminal's spectrum template information table indicate "available," the integrated spectrum unit SU for that cell is available. If any spectrum unit SU for a cell in each terminal's spectrum template information table indicates "unavailable" or "cell not detected," the integrated spectrum unit SU for that cell is unavailable. If the spectrum unit SU under a certain cell in the spectrum template information table is displayed as available, then the spectrum unit SU can be allocated to the terminal 50 connected to the NTN for use.

[0169] Table 2

[0170] Table 3

[0171] Table 4

[0172] This approach can achieve dynamic spectrum sharing between the NTN system and the terrestrial network system to a certain extent and effectively avoid co-channel interference. However, the NTN-connected terminal 50 reports a large amount of information, and the terminal processing complexity is relatively high. If the spectrum usage of the terrestrial network cells is not predicted, the latency of the NTN-connected terminal 50 reporting this information may be large, which may cause the network to receive information later, resulting in inaccurate spectrum preemption results and possibly introducing some co-channel interference, affecting the ultimate performance of the system. The ultimate effectiveness of predicting the spectrum usage of terrestrial network cells also depends largely on the accuracy of the prediction.

[0173] The method of this embodiment can be applied in other embodiments.

[0174] Example 4

[0175] This embodiment uses the same scenario as that of Embodiment 1, illustrating a scenario where the NTN downlink and the terrestrial network system share spectrum in both the uplink and downlink. It should be understood that this embodiment can also be applied to scenarios where the NTN uplink and the terrestrial network system share spectrum in both the uplink and downlink. The available spectrum units of the non-terrestrial network described in the spectrum usage information (e.g., Figures 6-8 and 11 , and the spectrum template information table) can be occupied by the terrestrial network.

[0176] NTN and terrestrial network systems first divide the frequency bands in a static manner. For example, the bandwidths used by NTN and terrestrial network are M NTN and M IMT , and M NTN +M IMT =M, where M is the total system bandwidth. When the bandwidth allocated to the ground network system cannot meet its business needs, the base stations or terminals of the ground network jointly detect the usage of the spectrum allocated to the NTN system. If it is detected that a certain spectrum segment is not in use, the base stations and terminals of the ground network can use / occupy this spectrum segment. Assuming that the frequency segment M allocated to the NTN NTN The spectrum can be divided into K segments, and the bandwidth of each segment can be 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 20 MHz or other bandwidths. The embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and each segment of the spectrum does not necessarily have to have the same bandwidth. The base station or terminal of the ground network can detect the K frequency bands in the following ways:

[0177] Method 1: Joint detection of multiple base stations. When the baseband processing units (BBU) of multiple cells may be co-located or co-framed, different BBUs may be connected through ideal backhaul, or multiple base stations may exchange information through the Xn interface. In order to reduce the complexity of signal detection of a single base station, multiple base stations or transmission-reception points (TRP) are used to perform joint spectrum detection. Each base station 20 is responsible for detecting part of the frequency band, and then each base station 20 shares the detection results with other base stations through the Xn interface or private protocol, so that the multiple base stations 20 that cooperate with each other can obtain the usage of the entire frequency band allocated to the NTN system, so as to determine which frequency bands can be used by the ground network system. The information exchanged between different base stations or TRPs through the Xn interface or private protocol can include the following forms:

[0178] (1) Each base station detects only a single spectrum unit. The information exchanged between different base stations is the detection result information of the spectrum unit allocated to each base station. For example, 1 bit is used to represent the usage status of the spectrum unit corresponding to a certain base station. If it is 1, it means it is in use, and if it is 0, it means it is idle. For example, the number of base stations detected by the joint base station is K, and the number of spectrum units allocated by the NTN system is K. Then, each base station detects 1 spectrum unit.

[0179] (2) If each base station detects multiple spectrum units, the information exchanged between different base stations is the detection result information of multiple spectrum units allocated to each base station, for example, represented in the form of a bitmap.

[0180] Indicates the usage status of multiple spectrum units detected by a base station. If a bit is 1, it means that the corresponding spectrum unit is in use. If a bit is 0, it means that the corresponding spectrum unit is idle.

[0181] After multiple linked base stations have exchanged their detected spectrum usage information, each base station can determine which spectrum units can be occupied based on the information gathered from the spectrum usage information. The duration of each spectrum unit's occupation may vary across different countries and regions.

[0182] Method 2: Multi-terminal joint detection. In one embodiment, each terminal 10 connected to the terrestrial network is responsible for detecting some spectrum units in the spectrum bandwidth initially allocated to the NTN network. The union of the spectrum units detected by multiple terminals equals the spectrum bandwidth initially allocated to the NTN network. Each terminal 10 then reports the detection results to the base station via the Uu interface. In this way, the base station can obtain the usage of the entire frequency band allocated to the NTN system and thus determine which frequency bands can be used by the terrestrial network system. The detection results reported by the terminal to the base station via the Uu interface include the following forms:

[0183] (1) Each terminal 10 detects only a single spectrum unit, and the information reported by different terminals 10 is the spectrum unit detection result information allocated to each terminal 10. For example, 1 bit is used to represent the usage status of the corresponding spectrum unit detected by a certain terminal 10. If it is 1, it means it is in use, and if it is 0, it means it is idle. For example, the number of terminals 10 detected by the joint terminal 10 is K, and the number of spectrum units allocated by the NTN system is K, then each terminal 10 detects 1 spectrum unit.

[0184] (2) If each terminal 10 detects multiple spectrum units, the information reported by different terminals 10 is the detection result information of multiple spectrum units allocated to each terminal 10, for example, represented in the form of a bitmap.

[0185] It indicates the usage status of multiple spectrum units detected by a certain terminal 10. If a bit is 1, it means that the corresponding spectrum unit is used. If a bit is 0, it means that the corresponding spectrum unit is idle.

[0186] After multiple associated terminals 10 report the detected spectrum usage information, the base station can determine which spectrum units can be occupied based on the information reported by the multiple terminals. As for the time period for which each spectrum unit can be occupied, different countries and regions may have different regulations.

[0187] The method of this embodiment can be applied in other embodiments.

[0188] Example 5

[0189] This embodiment describes how to detect spectrum usage and integrate the detection results into spectrum usage information. Similar to embodiment 2, this embodiment illustrates a scenario where the NTN uplink and the terrestrial network system share spectrum.

[0190] During the initial spectrum allocation, NTN and terrestrial network systems divide the frequency bands in a static manner. For example, the bandwidths used by NTN and terrestrial network are M and M, respectively. NTN and M IMT , and M NTN +M IMT =M; To improve spectrum utilization efficiency, this embodiment allows multiple IMT base stations or base station clusters to jointly detect the idle spectrum of the NTN system. To reduce the complexity of idle spectrum detection by base stations in the terrestrial network, the spectrum initially divided by the NTN can be split into multiple small frequency bands, for example, M NTN It can be split into K spectrum units, and the bandwidth of each spectrum unit SU can be 5MHz, 10MHz, 20MHz or other bandwidths. The embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and each spectrum unit does not necessarily have to have the same bandwidth.

[0191] Each terminal connected to the terrestrial network or each base station of the terrestrial network detects at least one spectrum unit of the spectrum of the non-terrestrial network (NTN) and the terrestrial network. The detection of K spectrum units by the base station or terminal of the terrestrial network can be specifically divided into the following methods:

[0192] (1) Multiple base stations or base station clusters of terrestrial networks jointly detect the spectrum initially allocated to the NTN system. The base stations 20 within the base station cluster can detect one or more SU segments. The spectrum units detected by different base stations 20 can partially overlap, ensuring that the base stations 20 within the base station cluster can detect all SUs of the NTN. Referring to Figure 16, the base station (BS) is referred to as BS, and the base stations BS1, BS2, and BS3 are connected via Xn. The base stations BS1, BS2, and BS3 within the base station cluster 65 exchange detection results via the Xn interface. After the base stations BS1, BS2, and BS3 within the base station cluster 65 summarize the detection results, if a certain SU segment is not occupied, the base stations within the base station cluster 65 can occupy the SU.

[0193] Referring to Figure 17 , for example, base station cluster 66 includes BS1, BS2, BS3, and BS4, and spectrum unit SU includes {SU1, SU2, SU3, SU4}. BS1 detects SU1 and SU2, BS2 detects SU2 and SU3, BS3 detects SU3 and SU4, and BS4 detects SU1 and SU4. The following table shows an example of the detection results.

[0194] Table 5

[0195] In Table 5, "0" indicates that the corresponding spectrum unit is idle, "1" indicates that the corresponding spectrum unit is occupied, and a blank indicates that the corresponding spectrum unit has not been detected by the corresponding base station.

[0196] If BS1 detects that SU1 and SU2 are idle, BS2 detects that SU2 is idle and SU3 is occupied, BS3 detects that SU3 is occupied and SU4 is occupied, and BS4 detects that SU1 is idle and SU2 is occupied, the summary result indicates that only SU1 is not detected to be occupied, and therefore SU1 can be occupied by all base stations 20 and terminals 10 in the base station cluster. There are many ways to cluster base stations, for example, based on the coverage of the base stations. As shown in FIG16 , three base stations covering the central area can form a base station cluster, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0197] (2) Multiple terminals under the base station of the ground network jointly detect the spectrum initially allocated to the NTN system. Each terminal can detect one or more SUs. The spectrum units detected by different terminals can partially overlap, ensuring that the terminals under the base station can detect all SUs of the NTN. The terminals under the base station report the detection results to the base station, and the base station summarizes the results reported by the terminals. If a certain SU is not detected as occupied by all terminals under the base station, then the SU can be occupied by the base station and the terminals. For example, the base station contains four terminals UE1, UE2, UE3 and UE4, and the spectrum unit SU contains {SU1, SU2, SU3, SU4}, where UE1 detects UE1 and UE2, UE2 detects SU2 and SU3, UE3 detects SU3 and SU4, and UE4 detects SU1 and SU4. If UE1 detects that SU1 and SU2 are idle, UE2 detects that SU2 is idle and SU3 is occupied, UE3 detects that SU3 is occupied and SU4 is idle, and UE4 detects that SU1 is idle and SU2 is occupied, then the summary result shows that only SU1 is not detected as occupied, so SU1 can be occupied by the base station of the ground network and the terminals connected to the ground network.

[0198] The above-described spectrum detection and sharing mechanism is primarily designed to mitigate the first type of interference, namely, interference that occurs when the terminal 50 connected to the NTN and the terrestrial network cells within its coverage area use the same frequency band. However, since the NTN's coverage area includes multiple terrestrial network cells, the overlap of the spectrum used by any terrestrial network cell with the NTN system's spectrum can cause the second type of interference. Referring to Figure 18 , to mitigate the impact of the second type of interference, it is assumed that the terrestrial network system within the NTN's coverage area has a virtual centralized control unit 35. This control unit 35 collects SU status information reported by all terrestrial network base stations and comprehensively determines which terrestrial network base stations and terminals require interference avoidance. For example, SU1 and SU2 in base station cluster 1 are idle and can be occupied, while SU1 in base station cluster 2 is available. Therefore, the base station 20 and terminal 10 occupying SU2 in base station cluster 1 need to perform interference avoidance on the NTN space station 40. At this point, the base stations in base station cluster 1 will send interference avoidance instructions to their terminals 10. The information the base stations use to indicate to the terminals is the same as in Examples 1 and 2 and will not be repeated here. The interference avoidance method adopted by the terminal side is the same as that in Examples 1 and 2, and will not be repeated here.

[0199] Based on the above description, the spectrum sharing between the NTN system and the terrestrial network system can be divided into two scenarios:

[0200] Scenario 1: Dynamic spectrum sharing between the NTN downlink and the terrestrial network system uplink and downlink;

[0201] Scenario 2: Dynamic spectrum sharing between the NTN uplink and the terrestrial network system uplink and downlink;

[0202] For scenario 1, there are two ways to share spectrum:

[0203] The first method involves introducing a spectrum management module 34 between the NTN and the terrestrial network systems. This module is responsible for dynamically allocating spectrum based on the service conditions of the NTN and terrestrial network systems. During the spectrum allocation process, the NTN-connected terminal 50 is required to report its coverage status relative to the terrestrial network cells. This reporting can take the form of a cell ID, a cell ID list, or information on whether it is under IMT coverage. This reporting information can be carried via the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) or other uplink channels.

[0204] The second method involves the NTN-connected terminal 50 or a base station or terminal in the terrestrial network system detecting idle spectrum allocated to the terrestrial network or NTN. After detecting idle spectrum in the terrestrial network, the NTN-connected terminal 50 is required to report the detection results to the NTN space station 40. Specific reporting formats may include: idle SU#s, an idle SU# list, an idle SU# list and cell ID list, an idle SU# list and cell ID, an idle SU# list and cell ID, and other information. These formats may also include RSRP information for the detected SU#s. This information is used by the NTN network to determine whether the terminal is impacting spectrum usage in one or more cells. This information can be reported via the PUCCH or other uplink channels. Furthermore, for this method, the base station 20 or terminal 10 may also be required to perform interference avoidance on the downlink signal of the NTN space station 40. Which base stations 20 and terminals 10 need to avoid interference is determined by the network side based on the spectrum usage information. If the terminal 10 under a certain base station needs to avoid interference, the base station will send an instruction message to tell the terminal 10 to avoid interference, and will also send the location information of the NTN space station 40, or the location information of the NTN space station 40 and the location information of the base station. In this way, the terminal 10 can determine the corresponding interference avoidance method based on the above information. The transmission of the information can be carried by the physical downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel, PDSCH) or the physical downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel, PDCCH).

[0205] For scenario 2, there are two ways to share spectrum:

[0206] The first method involves introducing a spectrum management module 34 between the NTN and terrestrial network systems. This module is responsible for dynamically allocating spectrum based on the traffic conditions of the NTN and terrestrial network systems. During the spectrum allocation process, the NTN-connected terminal 50 is required to report its coverage status relative to the terrestrial network cells. This reporting can take the form of a cell ID, a cell ID list, or information indicating whether it is within IMT coverage. This reporting information can be carried via the PUCCH or other uplink channels.

[0207] The second method is that the terminal 50 connected to the NTN or the base station or terminal of the ground network system detects the idle spectrum allocated to IMT or the idle spectrum of NTN. The base station 20 or terminal 10 of the ground network jointly detects the spectrum status of NTN as spectrum usage information to find the idle spectrum. SU status information that is interactively detected between base stations of the ground network system is required. If an idle SU or multiple idle SUs are detected in a base station cluster, the base stations 20 in the base station cluster can share the idle SU or multiple SUs. If the terminal 10 performs the detection, the terminal needs to report the detection result to the corresponding base station, and the detection result is the detected idle SU or SU list. In scenario one, the terminal 10 and the base station 20 need to avoid interference with the signal received by the NTN space station 40. In scenario two, the terminal 10 and the base station 20 need to avoid interference with the signal of the terminal 50 connected to the NTN. Which specific base stations and terminals need to be avoided are also determined by the network side based on the spectrum usage information. If the terminal needs to avoid interference, the base station 20 also needs to send an instruction message to tell the terminal to avoid interference, and at the same time send some necessary information to assist the terminal in avoiding interference. The specific information can be the same as scenario 1, and the information can be transmitted through the PDCCH.

[0208] For example, the base station 20 of the ground network determines whether to send the location information of the base station 20 and the non-ground network space station 40 or only send the location information of the non-ground network space station 40 to at least one terminal 10 of the ground network that needs to avoid interference based on the location information of the non-ground network space station 40 relative to the base station itself. The at least one terminal 10 receives the location information, calculates and feeds back channel state information (CSI) to the base station 20 based on the location information, wherein after the at least one terminal 10 obtains the above-mentioned location information, it can determine the final reported precoding matrix indicator (PMI) information based on the location information during the calculation of the CSI, and the beam formed by the codebook determined by the PMI information is used to suppress interference in the direction of the non-ground network space station by the base station.

[0209] The spectrum usage information for the terrestrial network and the spectrum usage information for the non-terrestrial network are represented by a spectrum template information table, which indicates the usage of multiple spectrum units by multiple terminals in different cells or cell clusters, including whether each of the multiple spectrum units is available, unavailable, or undetected. The spectrum template information table indicates that the available spectrum units for the terrestrial network can be occupied by the non-terrestrial network, and the spectrum template information table indicates that the available spectrum units for the non-terrestrial network can be occupied by the terrestrial network.

[0210] Detecting spectrum usage of the non-terrestrial network (NTN) and the terrestrial network to obtain spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network or the spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network may be performed in the following apparatus:

[0211] at least one terminal connected to the terrestrial network;

[0212] at least one base station of the terrestrial network;

[0213] at least one terminal connected to the non-terrestrial network; or

[0214] At least one space station of the non-terrestrial network.

[0215] In some embodiments, the spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network includes the spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network predicted by artificial intelligence / machine learning based on the historical spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network, and the spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network includes the spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network predicted by artificial intelligence / machine learning based on the historical spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network.

[0216] Referring to Figure 19, user equipment 10a may be an example of the terminal 10 connected to the terrestrial network and the terminal 50 connected to the NTN. User equipment 10a may include a processor 11a, a memory 12a, and a transceiver 13a. Processor 11a may be configured to implement the steps, functions, procedures, and / or methods described herein. Each layer of the radio interface protocol may be implemented in processor 11a. Transceiver 13a is operatively coupled to the processor to transmit and / or receive radio signals or wired signals. Memory 12a stores various programs and information, and when processor 11a executes these programs, the steps, functions, procedures, and / or methods described herein are performed.

[0217] Referring to Figure 20 , network device 20a may be an example of a network-side device, such as the base station 20, space station 40, NTN gateway 41, NTN ground station 42, the spectrum management functional module 34, or the centralized control unit 35. The network device 20a may include a processor 21a, a memory 22a, and a transceiver 23a. The processor 21a may be configured to implement the network-side steps, functions, procedures, and / or methods described herein. Each layer of the radio interface protocol may be implemented in the processor 21a. The transceiver 23a is operatively coupled to a connected processor to transmit and / or receive radio signals or wired signals. The memory 22a stores various programs and information, and when the processor 21a executes the programs, it performs the network-side steps, functions, procedures, and / or methods.

[0218] The user equipment may be a mobile computing device, such as, but not limited to, a laptop, a tablet, a netbook, an ultrabook, a smartphone, etc. The base station may be an eNB or a gNB.

[0219] Each of the processors 11a and 21a may include an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), other chipsets, logic circuits and / or data processing devices.

[0220] 21 , the present embodiment further provides a chip 700. The chip 700 may correspond to the terminal 10 and / or the terminal 50 in the present embodiment, and the chip 700 may implement the corresponding processes in the various methods of the present embodiment implemented by the terminal 10 and / or the terminal 50. The chip 700 includes a processor 701, which may call and execute computer programs from a memory to implement the methods in the present embodiment.

[0221] Optionally, the chip 700 may further include a memory 702. The processor 701 may call and execute a computer program from the memory 702 to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0222] The memory 702 may be a separate device independent of the processor 701 , or may be integrated into the processor 701 .

[0223] Optionally, the chip 700 may further include an input interface 703. The processor 701 may control the input interface 703 to communicate with other devices or chips, and specifically, may obtain messages or data sent by other devices or chips.

[0224] Optionally, the chip 700 may further include an output interface 704. The processor 701 may control the output interface 704 to communicate with other devices or chips, and specifically, may output information or data to other devices or chips.

[0225] 22 , another embodiment of the present application further provides another chip 800, which may correspond to the base station 20 in the embodiment of the present application, and may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the base station 20 in the various methods in the embodiment of the present application. The chip 800 includes a processor 801, which may call and execute computer programs from a memory 802 to implement the methods in the embodiment of the present application.

[0226] Optionally, the chip 800 may further include a memory 802. The processor 801 may call and execute a computer program from the memory 802 to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0227] The memory 802 may be a separate device independent of the processor 801 , or may be integrated into the processor 801 .

[0228] Optionally, the chip 800 may further include an input interface 803. The processor 801 may control the input interface 803 to communicate with other devices or chips, and specifically, may obtain messages or data sent by other devices or chips.

[0229] Optionally, the chip may further include an output interface 804. The processor 801 may control the output interface 804 to communicate with other devices or chips, and specifically, may output information or data to other devices or chips.

[0230] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product, including computer program instructions.

[0231] Optionally, the computer program product can be applied to the base station 20 in the implementation mode of the present application, and the computer program instructions enable the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the base station 20 in each method of the implementation mode of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they are not repeated here.

[0232] Optionally, the computer program product can be applied to the terminal 10 and / or terminal 50 in the implementation mode of the present application, and the computer program instructions enable the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the terminal 10 and / or terminal 50 in the various methods of the implementation mode of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they are not repeated here.

[0233] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program.

[0234] Optionally, the computer program can be applied to the base station 20 in the implementation mode of the present application. When the computer program runs on the computer, the computer executes the corresponding processes implemented by the base station 20 in the various methods of the implementation mode of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0235] Optionally, the computer program can be applied to the terminal 10 and / or terminal 50 in the implementation mode of the present application. When the computer program runs on the computer, the computer executes the corresponding processes implemented by the terminal 10 and / or terminal 50 in the various methods of the implementation mode of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they are not repeated here.

[0236] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above embodiments are specific embodiments for implementing the present application, and that in actual applications, various changes may be made thereto in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A spectrum sharing method, used between a terrestrial network and a non-terrestrial network, executed in a network node to achieve communication with a user terminal, characterized in that: Include: The network node of the terrestrial network acquires first spectrum usage information of at least one spectrum unit of the non-terrestrial network, wherein the first spectrum usage information includes a first spectrum usage state, and the first spectrum usage state includes: occupied and unoccupied; The network node selects, according to the first spectrum usage information, the spectrum unit whose first spectrum usage status is unoccupied as the working spectrum to communicate with the user terminal of the terrestrial network; or The network node of the non-terrestrial network acquires second spectrum usage information of at least one spectrum unit of the terrestrial network covered by the non-terrestrial network, wherein the second spectrum usage information includes a second spectrum usage state, and the second spectrum usage state includes: occupied and unoccupied; The network node selects the spectrum unit whose second spectrum usage status is unoccupied as the working spectrum according to the second spectrum usage information to communicate with the user terminal of the non-terrestrial network.

2. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The network node obtains a plurality of cell identifiers of the terrestrial network under coverage of the non-terrestrial network.

3. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cell identifier includes an identifier or an identifier list of a cell, or an identifier of a cell cluster.

4. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The network node of the terrestrial network obtains the first spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network (NTN) through at least one user terminal connected thereto; or The network node of the terrestrial network directly obtains the first spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network (NTN).

5. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The network node of the non-terrestrial network obtains the second spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network through at least one user terminal connected thereto.

6. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 5, characterized in that The second spectrum usage information of the ground network includes the spectrum usage information of the ground network predicted based on the historical spectrum usage information and current spectrum usage information of the ground network.

7. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 4, characterized in that , the first spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network includes the spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network predicted based on the historical spectrum usage information and current spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network.

8. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 5, characterized in that , wherein the second spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network includes a spectrum template information table, and the spectrum template information table indicates the usage status of at least one spectrum unit in different cells, and the usage status includes: occupied and unoccupied.

9. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 8, characterized in that , also includes: The network node of the non-terrestrial network selects at least one unoccupied spectrum unit of the terrestrial network from the spectrum template information table as a working spectrum to communicate with the user terminal of the non-terrestrial network.

10. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 4, characterized in that , also includes: The network node of the terrestrial network selects at least one unoccupied spectrum unit as a working spectrum to communicate with a user terminal of the terrestrial network according to the first spectrum usage information.

11. A network node, characterized in that: include: A processor configured to call and execute a computer program stored in a memory so that a device equipped with the processor executes the method of any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A chip, characterized in that: include: A processor configured to call and execute a computer program stored in a memory so that a device equipped with the processor executes the method of any one of claims 1 to 10.

13. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: A computer program is stored therein, wherein the computer program enables a computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

14. A computer program product, characterized in that It comprises a computer program, wherein the computer program enables a computer to execute the method of any one of claims 1 to 10.

15. A spectrum sharing method, executed in a terminal device, characterized in that: Include: At least one terminal connected to a terrestrial network obtains first spectrum usage information of at least one spectrum unit of a non-terrestrial network (NTN); or At least one terminal connected to the non-terrestrial network obtains second spectrum usage information of at least one spectrum unit of the terrestrial network; The first spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network includes a first spectrum usage status of at least one spectrum unit of the non-terrestrial network, and the first spectrum usage status includes: occupied and unoccupied; The second spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network includes a plurality of cell identifiers of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network and a spectrum usage status of the terrestrial network relative to the plurality of cell identifiers. The second spectrum usage information includes a second spectrum usage status of at least one spectrum unit of the terrestrial network, wherein the second spectrum usage status includes: occupied and unoccupied; and According to the first spectrum usage information, the spectrum unit of the non-terrestrial network that is not occupied in the first spectrum usage status is occupied by the terrestrial network as a working spectrum, or according to the second spectrum usage information, the spectrum unit of the terrestrial network that is not occupied in the second spectrum usage status is occupied by the non-terrestrial network as a working spectrum.

16. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 15, characterized in that: Also includes: At least one terminal connected to the terrestrial network obtains a plurality of cell identifiers of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network; or At least one terminal connected to the non-terrestrial network obtains multiple cell identifiers of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network.

17. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 16, characterized in that: The plurality of cell identifiers include an identifier or a list of identifiers of at least one cell of the terrestrial network, or an identifier of a cell cluster.

18. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 15, characterized in that The second spectrum usage information of the ground network includes the spectrum usage information of the ground network predicted based on the historical spectrum usage information and current spectrum usage information of the ground network.

19. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 15, characterized in that , the first spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network includes the spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network predicted based on the historical spectrum usage information and current spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network.

20. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 15, characterized in that , At least one terminal connected to the non-terrestrial network obtains the usage status of at least one spectrum unit of the terrestrial network and reports the obtained result to the space station of the non-terrestrial network, so that the space station integrates the reporting result for the non-terrestrial network to determine the spectrum unit allocated for use by the terminal connected to the non-terrestrial network.

21. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 15, characterized in that , In at least one terminal connected to the terrestrial network, the terminal obtains the usage status of at least one spectrum unit of the non-terrestrial network and reports the acquisition result to the base station of the terrestrial network, so that the base station integrates the reported acquisition result for the terrestrial network to determine the spectrum unit allocated to the terrestrial network.

22. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 15, characterized in that , wherein the second spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network includes a spectrum template information table, the spectrum template information table indicates the usage of at least one spectrum unit in different cells, and the usage includes: occupied, unoccupied; The user terminal of the non-terrestrial network communicates with the network node of the non-terrestrial network by using at least one unoccupied spectrum unit of the terrestrial network in the spectrum template information table as a working spectrum.

23. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 15, characterized in that , the first spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network includes the usage of at least one spectrum unit of the non-terrestrial network, and the usage includes: occupied, unoccupied; The user terminal of the terrestrial network communicates with the network node of the terrestrial network by using at least one unoccupied spectrum unit of the non-terrestrial network as a working spectrum.

24. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 15, characterized in that: Also includes: Spectrum interference avoidance is performed according to the obtained second spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network or the obtained first spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network.

25. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 24, characterized in that: The spectrum interference avoidance method includes: At least one terminal of the ground network receives location information sent by a network node of the ground network, including location information of the network node of the ground network and the network node of the non-ground network or location information of the network node of the non-ground network; At least one terminal of the ground network calculates and feeds back channel state information (CSI) to a network node of the ground network based on the location information. After obtaining the above-mentioned location information, the at least one terminal determines the final reported precoding matrix indicator (PMI) information based on the location information during the CSI calculation process. The beam formed by the codebook determined by the PMI information performs interference suppression in the direction of the network node of the ground network to the network node of the non-ground network.

26. A terminal device, characterized in that: include: A processor configured to call and execute a computer program stored in a memory so that a device equipped with the processor executes the method of any one of claims 15 to 25.

27. A chip, characterized in that: include: A processor configured to call and execute a computer program stored in a memory so that a device equipped with the processor executes the method of any one of claims 15 to 25.

28. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that A computer program is stored therein, wherein the computer program enables a computer to execute the method of any one of claims 15 to 25.

29. A computer program product, characterized in that Comprising a computer program, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any one of claims 15 to 25.

30. A spectrum sharing method, characterized in that: Include: At least one terminal device connected to a non-terrestrial network (NTN) obtains a cell identifier of at least one cell of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network, and reports at least one cell identifier of the terrestrial network; enabling a network-side device to obtain distribution information of the at least one terminal device connected to the non-terrestrial network relative to at least one cell of the terrestrial network based on the at least one cell identifier of the terrestrial network reported by the at least one terminal device connected to the non-terrestrial network; and The network side device determines the spectrum allocation status of at least one cell of the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network according to the above distribution information and the service requirements of the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network.

31. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 30, characterized in that: The network side device is a space station of the non-terrestrial network, a ground station of the non-terrestrial network, a spectrum management functional module, or a base station of the terrestrial network.

32. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 30, characterized in that: The at least one cell identifier comprises an identifier or a list of identifiers of at least one cell of the terrestrial network, or an identifier of a cluster of cells.

33. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 30, characterized in that: The spectrum allocation status is used to determine spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network relative to the at least one cell identifier and spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network relative to the at least one cell identifier.

34. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 30, characterized in that: The distribution information reflects the location of the terminal connected to the non-terrestrial network relative to the cell coverage of the terrestrial network, and the at least one cell identifier is determined by the broadcast signal of the cell of the terrestrial network obtained by the terminal connected to the non-terrestrial network, or by the network side device of the terrestrial network.

35. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 30, characterized in that: Also includes: The network side device is enabled to perform spectrum interference avoidance according to the obtained spectrum allocation status.

36. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 35, characterized in that: The spectrum interference avoidance method includes: The spectrum management function module allocates the spectrum of the uplink or downlink transmission of the non-terrestrial network to avoid interference with the spectrum of the terrestrial network. The spectrum management function module enables the spectrum of the uplink or downlink transmission of the non-terrestrial network and the spectrum of the terrestrial network to use different spectrum units in all cells, one cell or a cell cluster of the terrestrial network.

37. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 36, characterized in that: The spectrum management function module sends indication information through the base station of the ground network to instruct at least one terminal connected to the ground network to avoid spectrum interference.

38. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 36, characterized in that: In the area covered by all cells, a single cell or a cell cluster of the terrestrial network, the spectrum management function module enables the spectrum units of the non-terrestrial network that have a larger interval with the spectrum occupied by the terrestrial network to be preferentially allocated to the uplink transmission or downlink transmission of the non-terrestrial network.

39. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 36, characterized in that: In the coverage area of ​​at least one cell of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network, the union of the spectrum of at least one cell of the terrestrial network relative to the spectrum units in the complement of all the spectrums to be allocated for use is allocated to the non-terrestrial network; In the coverage area of ​​at least one cell of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network, the spectrum of the cell of the terrestrial network is allocated to the non-terrestrial network relative to the spectrum units in the complement set of all spectrums to be allocated for use; or In the coverage area of ​​at least one cell cluster of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network, the union of the required spectrum of all cells of the cell cluster of the terrestrial network is allocated to the non-terrestrial network relative to the spectrum units in the complement of all spectrums to be allocated for use.

40. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 30, characterized in that , the spectrum interference avoidance includes: The at least one terminal receives the position information of the non-ground network space station relative to the base station itself sent by a base station based on the ground network, calculates and feeds back channel state information (CSI) to the base station based on the position information, wherein the position information is the position information of the base station and the non-ground network space station or the position information of the non-ground network space station. After the at least one terminal obtains the above-mentioned position information, the terminal determines the final reported precoding matrix indicator (PMI) information based on the position information during the CSI calculation process, and the beam formed by the codebook determined by the PMI information suppresses interference in the direction of the non-ground network space station by the base station.

41. A wireless communication device, characterized in that: include: A processor configured to call and execute a computer program stored in a memory so that a device equipped with the processor executes the method of any one of claims 30 to 40.

42. A chip, characterized in that: include: A processor configured to call and execute a computer program stored in a memory so that a device equipped with the processor executes the method of any one of claims 30 to 40.

43. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that A computer program is stored therein, wherein the computer program enables a computer to execute the method of any one of claims 30 to 40.

44. A computer program product, characterized in that Comprising a computer program, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any one of claims 30 to 40.

45. A spectrum sharing method, characterized in that: Include: The network side device receives a signal from at least one terminal connected to a non-terrestrial network (NTN) a cell identifier of at least one cell of the terrestrial network covered by the non-terrestrial network and of the at least one terminal device connected to the non-terrestrial network reported by the device; The network side device obtains distribution information of the at least one terminal device connected to the non-terrestrial network relative to at least one cell of the terrestrial network based on the at least one cell identifier of the terrestrial network reported by the at least one terminal device connected to the non-terrestrial network; and The network-side device determines the spectrum allocation status of at least one cell of the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network according to the above distribution information and the service requirements of the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network.

46. ​​The spectrum sharing method according to claim 45, characterized in that: The network side device is a space station of the non-terrestrial network, a ground station of the non-terrestrial network, a spectrum management functional module, or a base station of the terrestrial network.

47. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 45, characterized in that: The at least one cell identifier comprises an identifier or a list of identifiers of at least one cell of the terrestrial network, or an identifier of a cluster of cells.

48. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 45, characterized in that: The spectrum allocation status is used to determine spectrum usage information of the terrestrial network relative to the at least one cell identifier and spectrum usage information of the non-terrestrial network relative to the at least one cell identifier.

49. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 45, characterized in that: The distribution information reflects the location of the terminal connected to the non-terrestrial network relative to the cell coverage of the terrestrial network, and the at least one cell identifier is determined by the broadcast signal of the cell of the terrestrial network obtained by the terminal connected to the non-terrestrial network, or by the network side device of the terrestrial network.

50. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 45, characterized in that: Also includes: The network side device performs spectrum interference avoidance according to the obtained spectrum allocation status.

51. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 50, characterized in that: The spectrum interference avoidance method includes: The spectrum management function module allocates the spectrum of the uplink transmission or downlink transmission of the non-terrestrial network to avoid interference with the spectrum of the terrestrial network. The spectrum management function module enables the spectrum of the uplink transmission or downlink transmission of the non-terrestrial network and the spectrum of the terrestrial network to use different spectrum units in all cells, one cell or a cell cluster of the terrestrial network.

52. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 51, characterized in that: The spectrum management function module sends indication information through the base station of the ground network to instruct at least one terminal connected to the ground network to avoid spectrum interference.

53. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 51, characterized in that: In the area covered by all cells, a single cell or a cell cluster of the terrestrial network, the spectrum management function module enables the spectrum units of the non-terrestrial network that have a larger interval with the spectrum occupied by the terrestrial network to be preferentially allocated to the uplink transmission or downlink transmission of the non-terrestrial network.

54. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 51, characterized in that: In the coverage area of ​​at least one cell of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network, the union of the spectrum of at least one cell of the terrestrial network relative to the spectrum units in the complement of all the spectrums to be allocated for use is allocated to the non-terrestrial network; In the coverage area of ​​at least one cell of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network, the spectrum of the cell of the terrestrial network is allocated to the non-terrestrial network relative to the spectrum units in the complement set of all spectrums to be allocated for use; or In the coverage area of ​​at least one cell cluster of the terrestrial network under the coverage of the non-terrestrial network, the union of the required spectrum of all cells of the cell cluster of the terrestrial network is allocated to the non-terrestrial network relative to the spectrum units in the complement of all spectrums to be allocated for use.

55. The spectrum sharing method according to claim 45, characterized in that , the spectrum interference avoidance includes: A base station of the ground network determines whether to send the location information of the base station and the non-ground network space station or only send the location information of the non-ground network space station to at least one terminal of the ground network to be interfered with and avoided according to the location information of the non-ground network space station relative to the base station itself; The at least one terminal receives the location information, calculates and feeds back channel state information (CSI) to the base station based on the location information, wherein after the at least one terminal obtains the above-mentioned location information, the at least one terminal determines the final reported precoding matrix indicator (PMI) information based on the location information during the CSI calculation process, and the beam formed by the codebook determined by the PMI information performs interference suppression on the direction of the non-ground network space station by the base station.

56. A wireless communication device, characterized in that: include: A processor configured to call and execute a computer program stored in a memory so that a device equipped with the processor executes the method of any one of claims 45 to 55.

57. A chip, characterized in that: include: A processor configured to call and execute a computer program stored in a memory so that a device equipped with the processor executes the method of any one of claims 45 to 55.

58. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that A computer program is stored therein, wherein the computer program enables a computer to execute the method of any one of claims 45 to 55.

59. A computer program product, characterized in that Comprising a computer program, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the method of any one of claims 45 to 55.

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