Method and apparatus for setting the end time of TXOP for non-primary channels based on channel switching time in a wireless LAN system

Abstract

A method and apparatus are proposed for setting the end time of the TXOP (Transmission Tuning Opportunity) for a non-primary channel in a wireless LAN system based on the channel handover time that occurs when an AP or STA switches from a non-primary channel to a primary channel. Specifically, the receiving STA receives a first management frame from the transmitting STA. The receiving STA sends a second management frame to the transmitting STA. The receiving STA performs channel access for a first non-primary channel based on the first and second management frames. The TXOP for the first non-primary channel is set to end before the longer of the first and second handover times is excluded from the interval with a set NAV (Network Access Value).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification relates to a scheme for setting the end time of TXOP for a non-primary channel based on the channel switching time in a wireless LAN system, and more specifically, to a method and apparatus for setting the end time of TXOP for a non-primary channel by transmitting the channel switching time that occurs when an AP or STA switches from a non-primary channel to a primary channel via a management frame. Background Technology

[0002] Next-generation Wi-Fi (e.g., IEEE 802.11be and / or later) is designed to support ultra-high reliability when transmitting signals to STAs. To achieve this, various technologies are considered to support high throughput, low latency, and extended range. For example, procedures for accessing non-master channels can be performed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Technical issues

[0004] This specification presents a method and apparatus for setting the end time of TXOP for a non-primary channel based on the channel switching time in a wireless LAN system.

[0005] Technical solution

[0006] The examples in this disclosure present a method for setting the end time of TXOP for a non-master channel based on the channel switching time.

[0007] This implementation can be run in network environments that support next-generation WLAN systems (Ultra-High Reliability (UHR) WLAN systems or next-generation Wi-Fi). Next-generation WLAN systems are WLAN systems that are improvements on the 802.11be system and can meet backward compatibility requirements with the 802.11be system.

[0008] This implementation is performed by a receiving STA, and the receiving STA may involve at least one station (STA). The transmitting STA in this implementation may involve an access point (AP).

[0009] This embodiment proposes a method for setting the end time of the TXOP (Transmission Window) for a non-primary channel by managing the channel switching time that occurs when an AP or STA switches from a non-primary channel to a primary channel during frame delivery. Therefore, it has the following preventative effect: frame switching is completed during the TXOP for the non-primary channel, and no medium synchronization issues occur when switching back to the primary channel, thus preventing subsequent frame transmission / reception failures in the primary channel.

[0010] The receiving station (STA) receives the first management frame from the sending STA.

[0011] The receiving STA sends a second management frame to the sending STA.

[0012] The receiving STA performs channel access for the first non-master channel based on the first management frame and the second management frame.

[0013] The first management frame includes information about a first handover time, which occurs based on the sending STA switching from a first non-primary channel to a primary 20MHz channel for channel access.

[0014] The second management frame includes information about a second handover time, which occurs when the receiving STA switches from a first non-primary channel to a primary 20MHz channel for channel access.

[0015] The first non-primary channel is the secondary 20MHz channel. While the Network Allocation Vector (NAV) is set in the primary 20MHz channel, backoff can be performed in the secondary 20MHz channel.

[0016] The transmission opportunity (TXOP) for the first non-primary channel is set to terminate before the time obtained by excluding the longer of the first and second switching times from the duration of the set NAV.

[0017] For example, this embodiment proposes a method for setting the end time of TXOP for a non-primary channel by delivering information about the channel switching time of the AP via a first management frame and information about the channel switching time of the STA via a second management frame.

[0018] Beneficial effects

[0019] According to the method proposed in this embodiment, frame switching is completed during the TXOP period of the non-primary channel, and no medium synchronization issues occur when switching back to the primary channel. Therefore, it has a preventative effect, ensuring that frame transmission / reception failures do not subsequently occur in the primary channel. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 Examples of transmitting and / or receiving devices are shown in this specification.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a conceptual diagram illustrating the structure of a wireless local area network (WLAN).

[0022] Figure 3 This illustrates a typical link establishment process.

[0023] Figure 4 An example of multi-link (ML) is shown.

[0024] Figure 5Examples of Physical Protocol Data Units or Physical Layer (PHY) Protocol Data Units (PPDUs) transmitted / received by the STA of this disclosure are shown.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the layout of a resource unit (RU) for a 20 MHz PPDU.

[0026] Figure 7 The layout of a resource unit (RU) for a 40 MHz PPDU is illustrated.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating the layout of a resource unit (RU) for an 80 MHz PPDU.

[0028] Figure 9 The operation related to UL-MU is shown.

[0029] Figure 10 An example of using / supporting / defining a channel within the 2.4 GHz band is shown.

[0030] Figure 11 An example of using / supporting / defining a channel within the 5 GHz band is shown.

[0031] Figure 12 An example of using / supporting / defining a channel within the 6 GHz band is shown.

[0032] Figure 13 An example of the header of a MAC frame is shown.

[0033] Figure 14 Examples of modifications to the transmitting and / or receiving apparatus described herein are illustrated.

[0034] Figure 15 An example of channel access in an 802.11 wireless LAN system is shown.

[0035] Figure 16 An example of the basic procedures for SCA is shown.

[0036] Figure 17 The basic secondary channel access operation procedure for STA is shown.

[0037] Figure 18 An example of media synchronization loss based on switching from S20 to P20 is illustrated.

[0038] Figure 19 An example of frame transmission failure based on the switch from S20 to P20 is shown.

[0039] Figure 20This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the transmitting device according to this embodiment.

[0040] Figure 21 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the receiving device according to this embodiment.

[0041] Figure 22 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of transmitting a STA accessing a non-master channel and receiving a PPDU according to this embodiment.

[0042] Figure 23 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of receiving a STA accessing a non-primary channel and transmitting a PPDU according to this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0043] In this disclosure, "A or B" can mean "A only", "B only", or "both A and B". In other words, in this disclosure, "A or B" can be interpreted as "A and / or B". For example, in this disclosure, "A, B or C" can mean "A only", "B only", "C only", or "any combination of A, B, and C".

[0044] The forward slash ( / ) or comma used in this disclosure can represent "and / or". For example, "A / B" can mean "A and / or B". Therefore, "A / B" can mean "A only", "B only", or "both A and B". For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C".

[0045] In this disclosure, "at least one of A and B" can mean "only A", "only B" or "both A and B". Additionally, in this disclosure, the expression "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" can be interpreted as "at least one of A and B".

[0046] The brackets used in this disclosure may indicate "for example". Specifically, when indicated as "control information (UHR-signal field)", it may indicate that the "UHR-signal field" is cited as an example of "control information". In other words, the "control information" of this disclosure is not limited to the "UHR-signal field", and the "UHR-signal field" may also be cited as an example of "control information". Furthermore, when indicated as "control information (i.e., UHR-signal field)", it may also indicate that the "UHR-signal field" is cited as an example of "control information".

[0047] Furthermore, as used in this disclosure, "a" can mean "at least one" or "one or more". Additionally, terms ending in "(s)" can mean "at least one" or "one or more".

[0048] Furthermore, as used in this disclosure, the expressions “based on”, “on the basis of”, or “according to” mean “at least partially based on”, and not “based on only”.

[0049] The technical features described individually in one of the accompanying drawings of this disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0050] The following examples of this disclosure can be applied to various wireless communication systems. For example, the following examples of this disclosure can be applied to wireless local area network (WLAN) systems. For example, this disclosure can be applied to the IEEE 802.11 a / g / n / ac / ax / be / bn standards. Furthermore, the examples of this disclosure can also be applied to next-generation wireless LAN standards such as enhanced Ultra High Reliability (UHR) standards or IEEE 802.11 bn. Additionally, the examples of this disclosure can be applied to new WLAN standards enhanced from EHT standards or IEEE 802.11be standards. Furthermore, the examples of this disclosure can be applied to mobile communication systems. For example, it can be applied to mobile communication systems based on Long Term Evolution (LTE), which relies on 3GPP standards and is based on LTE evolution. Furthermore, the examples of this disclosure can be applied to communication systems based on the 5G NR standard of 3GPP standards.

[0051] In the following text, for the purpose of describing the technical features of this disclosure, technical features applicable to this disclosure will be described.

[0052] Figure 1 Examples of transmitting and / or receiving devices of this disclosure are shown.

[0053] exist Figure 1 In the example, the various technical features described below can be implemented. Figure 1 At least one station (STA) is involved. For example, STA 110 and 120 of this disclosure may also be referred to by various terms such as mobile terminal, wireless device, wireless transceiver unit (WTRU), user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile subscriber unit, or simply user. STA 110 and 120 of this disclosure may also be referred to by various terms such as network, base station, Node B, access point (AP), repeater, router, relay, etc. STA 110 and 120 of this disclosure may also be referred to by various names such as receiving device, transmitting device, receiving STA, transmitting STA, receiving device, transmitting device, etc.

[0054] For example, STA 110 and 120 can be used as AP or non-AP. That is, STA 110 and 120 of this disclosure can be used as AP and / or non-AP. In this disclosure, AP can be indicated as AP STA.

[0055] In addition to the IEEE 802.11 standard, the STAs 110 and 120 of this disclosure can together support various communication standards. For example, they can support communication standards based on 3GPP standards (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR standards). Furthermore, the STAs of this disclosure can be implemented in various devices such as mobile phones, vehicles, and personal computers. Additionally, the STAs of this disclosure can support communication for various communication services such as voice calls, video calls, data communication, and autonomous driving.

[0056] The STA 110 and 120 disclosed herein may include media access control (MAC) conforming to the IEEE 802.11 standard and a physical layer interface for radio media.

[0057] The following will refer to Figure 1 The subgraph (a) is used to describe STA 110 and 120.

[0058] The first STA 110 may include a processor 111, a memory 112, and a transceiver 113. The illustrated processor, memory, and transceiver may be implemented as separate chips, or at least two blocks / functions may be implemented as a single chip.

[0059] The transceiver 113 of the first STA performs signal transmission / reception operations. Specifically, it can transmit / receive IEEE 802.11 packets (e.g., IEEE 802.11a / b / g / n / ac / ax / be, etc.).

[0060] For example, the first STA 110 can perform the operations expected by the AP. For example, the AP's processor 111 can receive signals via transceiver 113, process receive (RX) signals, generate transmit (TX) signals, and provide control over signal transmission. The AP's memory 112 can store signals received via transceiver 113 (e.g., RX signals) and can store signals to be transmitted via transceiver 113 (e.g., TX signals).

[0061] For example, the second STA 120 can perform operations not expected of an AP STA. For example, a non-AP transceiver 123 performs signal transmission / reception operations. Specifically, it can transmit / receive IEEE 802.11 packets (e.g., IEEE 802.11a / b / g / n / ac / ax / be packets, etc.).

[0062] For example, a non-AP STA processor 121 can receive signals via transceiver 123, process RX signals, generate TX signals, and provide control over signal transmission. A non-AP STA memory 122 can store signals received via transceiver 123 (e.g., RX signals) and can store signals to be transmitted via transceiver 123 (e.g., TX signals).

[0063] For example, the operation of a device designated as an AP in the disclosure described below can be performed in either the first STA 110 or the second STA 120. For instance, if the first STA 110 is an AP, the operation of the device designated as an AP can be controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110, and related signals can be transmitted or received via a transceiver 113 controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110. Additionally, control information related to the operation of the AP or the AP's TX / RX signals can be stored in the memory 112 of the first STA 110. Similarly, if the second STA 120 is an AP, the operation of the device designated as an AP can be controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120, and related signals can be transmitted or received via a transceiver 123 controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120. Furthermore, control information related to the operation of the AP or the AP's TX / RX signals can be stored in the memory 122 of the second STA 120.

[0064] For example, in the disclosure described below, the operation of a device indicated as a non-AP (or user STA) can be performed in either the first STA 110 or the second STA 120. For instance, if the second STA 120 is a non-AP, the operation of the device indicated as a non-AP can be controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120, and related signals can be transmitted or received via a transceiver 123 controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120. Additionally, control information related to the operation of a non-AP or non-AP TX / RX signals can be stored in the memory 122 of the second STA 120. Similarly, if the first STA 110 is a non-AP, the operation of the device indicated as a non-AP can be controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110, and related signals can be transmitted or received via a transceiver 113 controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110. Additionally, control information related to the operation of a non-AP or non-AP TX / RX signals can be stored in the memory 112 of the first STA 110.

[0065] In the disclosure described below, devices referred to as (transmitting / receiving) STA, first STA, second STA, STA1, STA2, AP, first AP, second AP, AP1, AP2, (transmitting / receiving) terminal, (transmitting / receiving) device, (transmitting / receiving apparatus), network, etc., may implicitly refer to Figure 1 STAs 110 and 120. For example, devices indicated as (but without specific labels) (transmitting / receiving) STA, First STA, Second STA, STA1, STA2, AP, First AP, Second AP, AP1, AP2, (transmitting / receiving) terminal, (transmitting / receiving) device, (transmitting / receiving) device, network, etc., can be implied. Figure 1 STAs 110 and 120. For example, in the following example, the operation of various STA transmit / receive signals (e.g., PPDU) can be... Figure 1 The operation is performed in transceivers 113 and 123. Additionally, in the following examples, various STAs can generate TX / RX signals or perform data processing and calculations on TX / RX signals in advance. Figure 1 The operations are executed in processors 111 and 121. Examples of operations for generating TX / RX signals or performing prior data processing and calculations may include: 1) operations to determine / obtain / configure / calculate / decode / encode bit information of subfields (SIG, STF, LTF, data) included in the PPDU; 2) operations to determine / configure / obtain time resources or frequency resources (e.g., subcarrier resources) for the subfields (SIG, STF, LTF, data) included in the PPDU; 3) operations to determine / configure / obtain specific sequences (e.g., pilot sequences, STF / LTF sequences, additional sequences applied to SIG) for the subfields (SIG, STF, LTF, data) included in the PPDU; 4) power control operations and / or power-saving operations applied to the STA; and 5) operations related to the determination / obtaining / configuration / decoding / encoding of the ACK signal. Additionally, in the following examples, various information used by various STAs to determine / obtain / configure / calculate / decode / decode the TX / RX signal (e.g., information related to fields / subfields / control fields / parameters / power, etc.) may be stored in the STA. Figure 1 In memory 112 and 122.

[0066] Figure 1 The aforementioned device / STA in subgraph (a) can be as follows Figure 1 The subgraph (b) is modified as shown below. In the following text, the modifications will be based on... Figure 1 The subgraph (b) is used to describe STA 110 and STA 120 of this disclosure.

[0067] For example, Figure 1The transceivers 113 and 123 shown in subgraph (b) can perform operations with Figure 1 The transceiver shown in sub-diagram (a) has the same function as the aforementioned transceiver. For example, Figure 1 The processing chips 114 and 124 shown in sub-figure (b) may include processors 111 and 121 and memories 112 and 122. Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 and the memories 112 and 122 shown in sub-figure (b) can perform operations related to Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 and the memories 112 and 122 shown in sub-figure (a) have the same functions.

[0068] The mobile terminal, wireless device, wireless transceiver unit (WTRU), user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile subscriber unit, user, user STA, network, base station, node B, access point (AP), repeater, router, relay, receiving unit, transmitting unit, receiving STA, transmitting STA, receiving device, transmitting device, receiving device and / or transmitting device described below may mean Figure 1 The STA 110 and 120 shown in subgraphs (a) / (b) may mean, or Figure 1 The processing chips 114 and 124 are shown in sub-figure (b). That is, the technical features of this disclosure can be... Figure 1 It can be performed in STA 110 and 120 as shown in subgraphs (a) / (b), or it can be performed only in Figure 1 The processing chips 114 and 124 shown in sub-diagram (b) are executed Figure 1 Transceivers 113 and 123 are shown in sub-diagrams (a) and (b). For example, the technical features of transmitting control signals by a STA can be understood as being achieved through... Figure 1 The transceiver 113 illustrated in subgraphs (a) / (b) transmits in Figure 1 The technical features of the control signals generated in processors 111 and 121 are illustrated in sub-figures (a) and (b). Alternatively, the technical features of the STA transmitting control signals can be understood as follows: Figure 1 The technical features of generating control signals to be transmitted to transceivers 113 and 123 in processing chips 114 and 124 are shown in sub-figure (b).

[0069] For example, the technical characteristics of receiving STA control signals can be understood as through... Figure 1 The technical features of transceivers 113 and 123 receiving control signals are shown in sub-figure (a). Alternatively, the technical features of receiving STA control signals can be understood as being achieved through... Figure 1 Processors 111 and 121 shown in subgraph (a) obtain Figure 1The technical features of the control signals received in transceivers 113 and 123 shown in sub-figure (a) are illustrated. Alternatively, the technical features of receiving control signals by the STA can be understood as being achieved through... Figure 1 The processing chips 114 and 124 shown in sub-figure (b) obtain Figure 1 Technical features of the control signals received in transceivers 113 and 123 as shown in sub-figure (b).

[0070] refer to Figure 1 Subgraph (b), software codes 115 and 125 can be included in memories 112 and 122. Software codes 115 and 125 can include instructions for controlling the operation of processors 111 and 121. Software codes 115 and 125 can be included in various programming languages.

[0071] Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 or processing chips 114 and 124 may include application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), other chipsets, logic circuits, and / or data processing devices. The processor may be an application processor (AP). For example, Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 or processing chips 114 and 124 may include at least one of the following: a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a modulator and demodulator (modem). For example, Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 or the processor chips 114 and 124 may be SNAPDRAGON™ series processors manufactured by Qualcomm®, EXYNOS™ series processors manufactured by Samsung®, A series processors manufactured by Apple®, HELIO™ series processors manufactured by MediaTek®, ATOM™ series processors manufactured by Intel®, or processors enhanced from these processors.

[0072] In this disclosure, an uplink can mean a link used for communication from a non-AP STA to an AP STA, and uplink PPDUs / packets / signals, etc., can be transmitted via the uplink. Similarly, in this disclosure, a downlink can mean a link used for communication from an AP STA to a non-AP STA, and downlink PPDUs / packets / signals, etc., can be transmitted via the downlink.

[0073] Figure 2 This is a conceptual diagram illustrating the structure of a wireless local area network (WLAN).

[0074] Figure 2 The upper part illustrates the structure of the Infrastructure Basic Services Set (BSS) of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11.

[0075] Figure 2 The upper part illustrates the structure of the Infrastructure Basic Services Set (BSS) of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11.

[0076] refer to Figure 2 The upper part of the wireless LAN system may include one or more infrastructure BSS 200 and 205 (hereinafter referred to as BSS). BSS 200 and 205, as a set of APs and STAs (e.g., access point (AP) 225 and station (STA1) 200-1) that have successfully synchronized to communicate with each other, are not concepts indicating a specific area. BSS 205 may include one or more STAs 205-1 and 205-2 that can join an AP 230.

[0077] BSS may include at least one STA, APs 255 and 230 that provide distributed services, and a distributed system (DS) 210 that connects multiple APs.

[0078] Distributed system 210 can implement an Extended Service Set (ESS) 240 that is expanded by connecting multiple BSSs 200 and 205. ESS 240 can be used as a term to refer to a network configured by connecting one or more APs 225 or 230 via distributed system 210. APs included in an ESS 240 can have the same Service Set Identifier (SSID).

[0079] Portal 220 can be used as a bridge to connect a wireless LAN network (IEEE 802.11) to another network (e.g., 802.X).

[0080] exist Figure 2 The BSS shown at the top allows for networking between APs 225 and 230, as well as between APs 225 and 230 and STAs 200-1, 205-1, and 205-2. However, it also allows for networking between STAs to perform communication even without APs 225 and 230. Networks that enable communication between STAs by configuring networks even without APs 225 and 230 are defined as self-organizing networks or Independent Basic Service Sets (IBSS).

[0081] Figure 2 The lower part illustrates a concept diagram, exemplifying IBSS.

[0082] refer to Figure 2The lower part of the IBSS is a BSS that operates in a self-organizing mode. Since the IBSS does not include access points (APs), there is no centralized management entity performing management functions at the center. That is, in the IBSS, STAs 250-1, 250-2, 250-3, 255-4, and 255-5 are managed in a distributed manner. In the IBSS, all STAs 250-1, 250-2, 250-3, 255-4, and 255-5 can be composed of mobile STAs, and access to DS to form a self-contained network is not permitted.

[0083] Figure 3 This example illustrates the typical link establishment process.

[0084] In S310, the STA can perform network discovery operations. Network discovery operations can include scanning operations by the STA. That is, in order to access a network, the STA needs to discover participating networks. The process of identifying compatible networks before joining a wireless network and identifying networks existing in a specific area is called scanning. Scanning methods include active scanning and passive scanning.

[0085] Figure 3 An example of network discovery operations including active scanning is provided. In active scanning, the STA performing the scan sends a probe request frame and waits for a response to the probe request frame in order to identify which APs are present in the vicinity while moving to a channel. The responder sends a probe response frame to the STA that sent the probe request frame as a response to the probe request frame. Here, the responder can be the STA that sent the last beacon frame in the BSS of the channel being scanned. In the BSS, the AP is the responder because it sends the beacon frame. In the IBSS, the responder is not fixed because the STAs in the IBSS take turns sending beacon frames. For example, when an STA sends a probe request frame via channel 1 and receives a probe response frame via channel 1, the STA can store the BSS-related information included in the received probe response frame, can move to the next channel (e.g., channel 2), and can perform a scan in the same way (e.g., sending a probe request and receiving a probe response via channel 2).

[0086] Although Figure 3As not shown, scanning can be performed using a passive scanning method. In passive scanning, the STA performing the scan can wait for beacon frames while moving to a channel. Beacon frames are one of the management frames in IEEE 802.11 and are periodically sent to indicate the presence of a wireless network and enable the STA performing the scan to find and join the wireless network. In a BSS, the AP periodically sends beacon frames. In an IBSS, STAs in the IBSS take turns sending beacon frames. Upon receiving a beacon frame, the STA performing the scan stores information about the BSS included in the beacon frame and records the beacon frame information for each channel, while moving to another channel. The STA receiving the beacon frame can store the BSS-related information included in the received beacon frame, can move to the next channel, and can perform a scan on the next channel using the same method.

[0087] After network discovery, the STA can perform authentication processing in S320. This authentication processing can be referred to as the first authentication processing to clearly distinguish it from the subsequent security establishment operation in S340. The authentication processing in S320 may include the STA sending an authentication request frame to the AP and the AP sending an authentication response frame to the STA in response. The authentication frame used for the authentication request / response is a management frame.

[0088] An authentication frame may include information about the authentication algorithm number, authentication transaction sequence number, status code, challenge text, robust security network (RSN), and finite cyclic group.

[0089] The STA can send an authentication request frame to the AP. The AP can determine whether to allow the STA's authentication based on the information included in the received authentication request frame. The AP can then provide the authentication processing result to the STA via an authentication response frame.

[0090] When a STA is successfully authenticated, it can perform association processing in S330. Association processing includes the STA sending an association request frame to the AP, and the AP responding by sending an association response frame to the STA. For example, the association request frame may include information about various capabilities, beacon listening interval, service set identifier (SSID), supported rates, supported channels, RSN, mobile domain, supported operation classes, service indication map (TIM) broadcast request, and interoperability service capabilities. Similarly, the association response frame may include information about various capabilities, status codes, association ID (AID), supported rates, enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA) parameter set, received channel power indicator (RCPI), received signal-to-noise ratio indicator (RSNI), mobile domain, timeout interval (association recovery time), overlapping BSS scan parameters, TIM broadcast response, and QoS map.

[0091] In the S340, the STA can perform security establishment processes. The security establishment processes in the S340 may include the process of establishing a private key via a four-way handshake (e.g., via Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAPOL) frames over the LAN).

[0092] Figure 4 An example of multi-link (ML) is shown.

[0093] like Figure 4 As illustrated, multiple multi-link devices (MLDs) can communicate via a remote link. MLDs can be classified as AP MLDs, which include multiple AP STAs, and non-AP MLDs, which include multiple non-AP STAs. That is, an AP MLD may include affiliated APs (i.e., AP STAs), and a non-AP MLD may include affiliated STAs (i.e., non-AP STAs or user STAs).

[0094] A multi-link system may include a first link and a second link, and different channel / subchannel / frequency resources may be allocated to the first link and the second link. The first and second multi-link systems can be identified by a 4-bit (or other n-bit) link ID. The first and second links can be configured in the same 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 6 GHz frequency band. Alternatively, the first and second links can be configured in different frequency bands.

[0095] Figure 4 The AP MLD includes three affiliated APs. Figure 4 In the example, AP1 can operate in the 2.4 GHz band, AP2 can operate in the 5 GHz band, and AP3 can operate in the 6 GHz band. Figure 4 In the example, the first link in which AP1 and non-AP1 operate can be defined as a channel / subchannel / frequency resource within the 2.4 GHz band. Furthermore, in Figure 4 In the example, the second link in which AP2 and non-AP2 operate can be defined as a channel / subchannel / frequency resource within the 5 GHz band. Furthermore, in Figure 4 In the example, the third link in which AP3 and non-AP3 operate can be defined as a channel / subchannel / frequency resource within the 6GHz band.

[0096] exist Figure 4 In the example, AP1 can initiate the multi-link establishment process (ML establishment process) by sending an association request frame to a non-AP STA1. Figure 4 In the example, a non-AP STA1 can send an association response frame in response to an association request frame. Figure 4 The individual APs shown (e.g., AP1 / 2 / 3) can be compared with... Figure 1 and / or Figure 2 The APs shown are the same, and Figure 4 The various non-APs shown (e.g., non-AP1 / 2 / 3) can be compared with... Figure 1 and / or Figure 2 The STAs shown are the same (i.e., user STAs or non-AP STAs).

[0097] The specific features of this disclosure are not limited to Figure 4 The specific characteristics are as follows. That is, the number of links can be defined in various ways, and multiple links can be defined in at least one frequency band in various ways.

[0098] Figure 5 Examples of Physical Protocol Data Units or Physical Layer (PHY) Protocol Data Units (PPDUs) transmitted / received by the STA of this disclosure are shown.

[0099] The STA (e.g., AP STA, non-AP STA, AP MLD, non-AP MLD) disclosed herein can send and / or receive. Figure 5 The PPDU described in this disclosure may have, for example... Figure 5 The structure is as follows. Furthermore, the PPDU described in this disclosure may be referred to by various names, such as transmit PPDU, receive PPDU, type 1 or type N PPDU, etc. The PPDU described in this disclosure can be used in WLAN systems defined according to IEEE 802.11bn and / or in next-generation WLAN systems that improve upon IEEE 802.11bn.

[0100] Figure 5 The PPDU can encompass various PPDU types used in UHR systems. For example, Figure 5 Examples can be used for at least one of the following modes related to channel detection: single-user (SU) mode / type / transmission, multi-user (MU) mode / type / transmission, and null packet (NDP) mode / type / transmission. For example, if Figure 5 If the example involves NDP, the data fields shown can be omitted. Figure 5 The PPDU is used in trigger-based (TB) mode and can be omitted. Figure 6 The UHR-SIG. In other words, a STA that has received a trigger frame for uplink-MU (UL-MU) communication can send a UHR-SIG. Figure 5 The UHR-SIG PPDU is omitted in the example.

[0101] exist Figure 5In this context, L-STF or UHR-LTF can be referred to as a preamble or physical preamble, and can be generated / transmitted / received / acquired / decoded at the physical layer (including in the transmit / receive STA).

[0102] Figure 5 The blocks illustrated can be referred to as fields / subfields / signals, etc. These fields / subfields / signals can be named as Traditional Short Training Field (L-STF), Traditional Long Training Field (L-LTF), Traditional Signal (L-SIG), Repeated L-SIG (RL-SIG), Universal Signal (U-SIG), UHR Signal (UHR-SIG), etc., such as... Figure 5 exemplified.

[0103] Figure 5 The subcarrier spacing of the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, U-SIG, and UHR-SIG fields can be determined to be 312.5 kHz, and the subcarrier spacing of the UHR-STF, UHR-LTF, and Data fields can be determined to be 78.125 kHz. That is, the tone index (or subcarrier index) of the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, U-SIG, and UHR-SIG fields can be represented in units of 312.5 kHz, and the tone index (or subcarrier index) of the UHR-STF, UHR-LTF, and Data fields can be represented in units of 78.125 kHz.

[0104] exist Figure 5 In the PPDU, the L-LTF and L-STF can be the same as those in the conventional domain (e.g., non-HT LTF and non-HT STF defined in conventional WLAN standards).

[0105] Figure 5The L-SIG field can include, for example, 24 bits of bit information. For instance, the 24 bits could include a 4-bit rate field, a 1-bit reserved bit, a 12-bit length field, a 1-bit parity bit, and a 6-bit tail bit. For example, the 12-bit length field could include information related to the length or duration of the PPDU. For example, the 12-bit length field can be determined based on the type of PPDU. For example, when the PPDU is a Non-High Throughput (HT), High Throughput (HT), Very High Throughput (VHT) PPDU, Extremely High Throughput (EHT) PPDU, or UHR PPDU, the value of the length field can be determined to be a multiple of 3. For example, when the PPDU is an HE PPDU, the length field can be determined to be a multiple of 3 + 1 or a multiple of 3 + 2. In other words, for non-HT, HT, VHT, EHT, or UHR PPDUs, the length field value can be set to a multiple of 3, and for high-efficiency (HE) PPDUs, the length field value can be set to either a multiple of 3 + 1 or a multiple of 3 + 2. In other words, the LENGTH field in a UHR PPDU is set to a value that satisfies the condition that LENGTH divided by 3 leaves a remainder of 0.

[0106] For example, a (non-AP and AP) STA can apply BCC encoding based on a 1 / 2 coding rate to the 24 bits of information in the L-SIG field. The transmitting STA then obtains 48 bits of BCC encoded bits. BPSK modulation can be applied to these 48 encoded bits to generate 48 BPSK symbols. The transmitting STA can map these 48 BPSK symbols to positions other than the pilot subcarriers {subcarrier indices -21, -7, +7, +21} and the DC subcarrier {subcarrier index 0}. As a result, the 48 BPSK symbols can be mapped to subcarrier indices -26 to -22, -20 to -8, -6 to -1, +1 to +6, +8 to +20, and +22 to +26. The transmitting STA can additionally map the signal {-1, -1, -1, 1} to subcarrier indices {-28, -27, +27, +28}. The aforementioned signals can be used for channel estimation in the frequency domain corresponding to {-28, -27, +27, +28}.

[0107] For example, a (non-AP and AP) STA can generate an RL-SIG in the same way as the L-SIG. BPSK modulation can be applied to the RL-SIG. Based on the presence of the RL-SIG, the (non-AP and AP) STA can know that the RX PPDU is an HE PPDU, EHT PPDU, or UHR PPDU. In other words, if the RL-SIG is present, the receiving (non-AP and AP) STA can know that the received PPDU is one of an HE PPDU, EHT PPDU, or UHR PPDU. In other words, if the RL-SIG is not present, the receiving (non-AP and AP) STA can know that the received PPDU is one of a non-HT PPDU, HT PPDU, or VHT PPDU. In other words, the RL-SIG field is a repetition of the L-SIG field and is used to distinguish UHR PPDUs from non-HT PPDUs, HT PPDUs, and VHT PPDUs.

[0108] Universal SIG (U-SIG) can be inserted in Figure 5 Following RL-SIG, U-SIG can be referred to by various terms such as First SIG Field, First SIG, First Type SIG, Control Signal, Control Signal Field, First (Type) Control Signal, Common Control Field, Common Control Field, etc.

[0109] U-SIG can include N bits of information and may include information to identify the type of EHT PPDU. For example, U-SIG can be configured based on two symbols (e.g., two consecutive OFDM symbols). Each symbol used for U-SIG (e.g., an OFDM symbol) can have a duration of 4 μs. Each symbol of U-SIG can be used to transmit 26 bits of information. For example, each symbol of U-SIG can be transmitted / received based on 52 data tones and 4 pilot tones.

[0110] Through U-SIG, for example, A bits of information (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) can be transmitted. The first symbol of U-SIG can transmit the first X bits of the A bits of information (e.g., 26 uncoded bits), and the second symbol of U-SIG can transmit the remaining Y bits of the A bits of information (e.g., 26 uncoded bits). For example, the transmitting STA can obtain the 26 uncoded bits included in each U-SIG symbol. The transmitting STA can perform convolutional coding (i.e., BCC coding) based on a rate of R=1 / 2 to generate 52 coded bits, and can perform interleaving on the 52 coded bits. The transmitting STA can perform BPSK modulation on the interleaved 52 coded bits to generate 52 BPSK symbols to be assigned to each U-SIG symbol. A U-SIG symbol can be transmitted based on 65 tones (subcarriers) from subcarrier index -28 to subcarrier index +28, except for DC index 0. The 52 BPSK symbols generated by the transmitting STA can be transmitted based on the remaining tones (subcarriers) other than the pilot tone, namely tones -21, -7, +7, and +21.

[0111] For example, the A-bit information generated by U-SIG (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) may include a CRC field (e.g., a 4-bit field) and a tail field (e.g., a 6-bit field). The CRC and tail fields can be sent via the second symbol of U-SIG. The CRC field can be generated based on the 26 bits allocated to the first symbol of U-SIG and the remaining 16 bits from the second symbol excluding the CRC / tail field, and can be generated based on a conventional CRC calculation algorithm. Additionally, the tail field can be used to terminate the trellis of the convolutional decoder and can be set to, for example, "000000".

[0112] The A-bit information (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) sent by U-SIG (or the U-SIG field) can be divided into version-independent bits and version-dependent bits. For example, version-independent bits can have a fixed or variable size. For example, version-independent bits can be assigned only to the first symbol of U-SIG, or version-independent bits can be assigned to both the first and second symbols of U-SIG. For example, version-independent bits and version-dependent bits can be referred to using various terms such as first control bit, second control bit, etc.

[0113] For example, the version-independent bits of the U-SIG can include a 3-bit PHY version identifier. For example, the 3-bit PHY version identifier can include information related to the PHY version of the TX / RX PPDU. For example, the first value of the 3-bit PHY version identifier (e.g., a value of 000) can indicate that the TX / RX PPDU is an EHT PPDU. Furthermore, the second value of the 3-bit PHY version identifier (e.g., a value of 001) can indicate that the TX / RX PPDU is a UHR PPDU.

[0114] In other words, when an (AP / non-AP) STA sends an EHT PPDU, the 3-bit PHY version identifier can be set to a first value, and when an (AP / non-AP) STA sends a UHR PPDU, the 3-bit PHY version identifier can be set to a second value. In other words, the receiving (AP / non-AP) STA can determine that the received PPDU is an EHT PPDU based on the PHY version identifier with the first value, and can determine that the received PPDU is a UHR PPDU based on the PHY version identifier with the second value.

[0115] For example, the version-independent bits of U-SIG may include a 1-bit UL / DL flag field. The first value of the 1-bit UL / DL flag field is related to UL communication, and the second value of the UL / DL flag field is related to DL communication.

[0116] For example, the version-independent bits of U-SIG can include information related to the transmission opportunity (TXOP) length and information related to the BSS color ID.

[0117] For example, if the UHR PPDU is classified into various types (e.g., types related to SU transmission (based on UL or DL), types related to DL transmission, types related to NDP transmission, types related to DL non-MU-MIMO, types related to DL MU-MIMO, types related to multi-AP operation, types related to Co-BF beamforming (Co-BF), spatial reuse (SR), types related to Co-OFDMA (C-OFDMA), and types related to Co-TDMA (Co-TDMA), then information about the type of UHR PPDU (e.g., 2-bit or 3-bit information) can be included in the version-related bits of the U-SIG.

[0118] For example, U-SIG may include: 1) a bandwidth field including information related to bandwidth; 2) a field including information related to the modulation and demodulation scheme (MCS) applied to UHR-SIG; 3) an indication field including information related to whether a dual subcarrier modulation (DCM) scheme is applied to UHR-SIG; 4) a field including information related to the number of symbols used for UHR-SIG; 5) a field including information related to whether UHR-SIG is generated across the entire frequency band; 6) a field including information related to the type of UHR-LTF / STF; and 7) information related to fields indicating the length of UHR-LTF and the length of CP.

[0119] Can be Figure 5 The PPDU uses a preamble puncturing. A preamble puncturing means that a puncturing is applied to a portion of the full frequency band (e.g., the secondary 20 MHz band). For example, when transmitting an 80 MHz PPDU, the STA can apply a puncturing to the secondary 20 MHz band within the 80 MHz band, and can transmit the PPDU only through the primary 20 MHz band and the secondary 40 MHz band.

[0120] For example, the pattern of the preamble perforation can be pre-configured. For example, when applying the first perforation pattern, perforation can be applied only to the secondary 20 MHz band within the 80 MHz band. For example, when applying the second perforation pattern, perforation can be applied only to any one of the two secondary 20 MHz bands within the secondary 40 MHz band included in the 80 MHz band. For example, when applying the third perforation pattern, perforation can be applied only to the secondary 20 MHz band within the primary 80 MHz band included in the 160 MHz band (or 80+80 MHz band). For example, when applying the fourth perforation pattern, perforation can be applied to at least one 20 MHz channel that does not belong to the primary 40 MHz band, provided that the primary 40 MHz band within the 80 MHz band included in the 160 MHz band (or 80+80 MHz band) is present.

[0121] Information related to the prelead puncture applied to the PPDU can be included in the U-SIG and / or UHR-SIG. For example, the first field of the U-SIG may include information related to continuous bandwidth, and the second field of the U-SIG may include information related to the prelead puncture applied to the PPDU.

[0122] For example, based on the following method, U-SIG and UHR-SIG can include information related to prelead punctures. When the bandwidth of the PPDU exceeds 80 MHz, U-SIG can be configured individually in 80 MHz units. For example, when the bandwidth of the PPDU is 160 MHz, the PPDU can include a first U-SIG for a first 80 MHz band and a second U-SIG for a second 80 MHz band. In this case, the first field of the first U-SIG can include information related to the 160 MHz bandwidth, and the second field of the first U-SIG can include information related to prelead punctures applied to the first 80 MHz band (i.e., information related to the prelead puncture pattern). Additionally, the first field of the second U-SIG can include information related to the 160 MHz bandwidth, and the second field of the second U-SIG can include information related to prelead punctures applied to the second 80 MHz band (i.e., information related to the prelead puncture pattern). Meanwhile, the UHR-SIG consecutive with the first U-SIG may include information related to the prelead via applied to the second 80 MHz band (i.e., information related to the prelead via pattern), and the UHR-SIG consecutive with the second U-SIG may include information related to the prelead via applied to the first 80 MHz band (i.e., information related to the prelead via pattern).

[0123] Additionally or alternatively, U-SIG and UHR-SIG may include information related to the preamble puncture, based on the following method: U-SIG may include information related to the preamble puncture for all frequency bands (i.e., information related to the preamble puncture pattern). That is, UHR-SIG may not include information related to the preamble puncture, while only U-SIG may include information related to the preamble puncture (i.e., information related to the preamble puncture pattern).

[0124] U-SIGs can be configured in 20 MHz units. For example, when an 80 MHz PPDU is configured, U-SIGs can be duplicated. That is, four identical U-SIGs can be included in an 80 MHz PPDU. PPDUs with bandwidths exceeding 80 MHz can include different U-SIGs.

[0125] Figure 5 The UHR-SIG can include control information for receiving STAs. The UHR-SIG can be transmitted using at least one symbol, and a symbol can have a length of 4 μs. Information related to the number of symbols used for the UHR-SIG can be included in the U-SIG.

[0126] UHR-SIG provides additional signals to the U-SIG field to enable the STA to interpret / decode the UHR PPDU. The UHR-SIG field may include U-SIG overflow bits that are typically applied to all users. In addition, the UHR-SIG field includes resource allocation information, allowing the STA to locate resources used in fields including the data field / UHR-STF / UHR-LTF (i.e., the UHR modulation field of the UHR PPDU).

[0127] It can be determined based on the RU (Resource Unit) defined by multiple subcarriers / tones. Figure 5 The frequency resources of the UHR-LTF, UHR-STF, and data fields illustrated herein. That is, the UHR-LTF, UHR-STF, and data fields of this disclosure can be transmitted / received through RUs (resource units) defined by multiple subcarriers / tones.

[0128] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the layout of a resource unit (RU) for a 20 MHz PPDU. That is, the UHR-LTF, UHR-STF, and / or data fields included in the 20 MHz PPDU can be... Figure 6 At least one of the various RUs defined in the code is used to send / receive.

[0129] like Figure 6 As illustrated at the top, 26 units (i.e., units corresponding to 26 tones) can be arranged. Six tones can be used for the guard band in the leftmost band of the 20 MHz band, and five tones can be used for the guard band in the rightmost band of the 20 MHz band. Furthermore, seven DC tones can be inserted in the center band (i.e., the DC band), and 26 units corresponding to 13 tones on each of the left and right sides of the DC band can be arranged. Units of 26, 52, and 106 can be allocated to other bands. Individual units can be assigned to receiving STAs (i.e., users).

[0130] at the same time, Figure 6 The RU layout in the diagram can be used not only for multi-user (MU) but also for single-user (SU). In the single-user case, a 242 unit can be used and three DC tones can be inserted, such as... Figure 6 is illustrated in the bottom part of .

[0131] Although Figure 6Various sizes of RUs have been proposed, namely 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, and 242-RU, but RUs of a specific size can be expanded or increased. Therefore, this embodiment is not limited to individual RUs of a specific size (i.e., the number of corresponding tones). In this specification, an N-RU may be represented as an N-tone RU, etc. For example, a 26-RU may be represented as a 26-tone RU.

[0132] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating the layout of a resource unit (RU) for a 40 MHz PPDU.

[0133] With the use of RUs of various sizes Figure 6 Similarly, in Figure 7 Examples of frequencies that can be used include 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, 242-RU, and 484-RU. Additionally, five DC tones can be inserted into the center frequency; 12 tones can be used for the leftmost guard band of the 40 MHz band; and 11 tones can be used for the rightmost guard band of the 40 MHz band.

[0134] like Figure 7 As shown, a 484-RU can be used when the RU layout is for a single user. The specific number of RUs can be similar to... Figure 5 Change.

[0135] Figure 8 This diagram illustrates the layout of a resource element (RU) for an 80 MHz PPDU. The layout of the resource element (RU) used in this specification can vary. For example, the layout of the resource element (RU) used in the 80 MHz band can be varied.

[0136] Figure 9 The operation related to the UL-MU is illustrated. As shown, a transmitting STA (e.g., an AP) can perform channel access through contention (i.e., backoff operation) and transmit a trigger frame 930. That is, the transmitting STA (e.g., an AP) can transmit a PPDU 930 including the trigger frame. When the PPDU including the trigger frame is received, a TB (trigger-based) PPDU is transmitted after a delay of SIFS.

[0137] Multiple TB PPDUs 941, 942 can be transmitted simultaneously and can be transmitted from multiple STAs (e.g., user STAs) whose AIDs are indicated in the trigger frame 930. The ACK frame 950 for the TB PPDU can be implemented in various forms.

[0138] Figure 10 An example of using / supporting / defining a channel within the 2.4 GHz band is shown.

[0139] The 2.4 GHz band can also be referred to by other names, such as "first band". Furthermore, the 2.4 GHz band can refer to the frequency range used / supported / defined by channels having a center frequency adjacent to 2.4 GHz (e.g., channels having a center frequency between 2.4 GHz and 2.5 GHz).

[0140] The 2.4 GHz band can include multiple 20 MHz channels. Each 20 MHz channel within the 2.4 GHz band can have multiple channel indices (e.g., indices 1 to 14). For example, the center frequency of channel index 1 for a 20 MHz channel allocation could be 2.412 GHz, the center frequency of channel index 2 for a 20 MHz channel allocation could be 2.417 GHz, and the center frequency of channel index N for a 20 MHz channel allocation could be (2.407 + 0.005 GHz). (N) GHz. The channel index can be referenced by various names such as the channel number. The specific values ​​of the channel index and the center frequency can be changed.

[0141] Figure 10 Four channels within a 2.4 GHz frequency band are illustrated exemplarily. The first frequency region 1010 to the fourth frequency region 1040 shown may each include one channel. For example, the first frequency region 1010 may include channel 1 (the 20 MHz channel indexed as 1). In this case, the center frequency of channel 1 may be set to 2412 MHz. The second frequency region 1020 may include channel 6. In this case, the center frequency of channel 6 may be set to 2437 MHz. The third frequency region 1030 may include channel 11. In this case, the center frequency of channel 11 may be set to 2462 MHz. The fourth frequency region 1040 may include channel 14. In this case, the center frequency of channel 14 may be set to 2484 MHz.

[0142] Figure 11 An example of using / supporting / defining channels within the 5 GHz band is shown.

[0143] The 5 GHz band can be referred to by other names, such as second band / band, etc. The 5 GHz band can refer to the frequency range that uses / supports / defines channels with a center frequency greater than or equal to 5 GHz and less than 6 GHz (or less than 5.9 GHz). Alternatively, the 5 GHz band can include multiple channels between 4.5 GHz and 5.5 GHz. Figure 11 The specific figures shown may vary.

[0144] Multiple channels within the 5 GHz band include the unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (UNII)-1, UNII-2, UNII-3, and ISM. UNII-1 may be referred to as the lower UNII. UNII-2 may include frequency ranges referred to as the middle UNII and the extended UNII-2. UNII-3 may be referred to as the upper UNII.

[0145] Within the 5 GHz band, multiple channels can be configured, and the bandwidth of each channel can be configured differently, such as 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, or 160 MHz. For example, the 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range within UNII-1 and UNII-2 can be divided into eight 20 MHz channels. The 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range can be divided into four channels using a 40 MHz frequency domain. The 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range can be divided into two channels using an 80 MHz frequency domain. Alternatively, the 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range can be divided into one channel using a 160 MHz frequency domain.

[0146] Figure 12 An example of using / supporting / defining a channel within the 6 GHz band is shown.

[0147] The 6 GHz band can be referred to by other names, such as the third band / band. The 6 GHz band can refer to the frequency range that uses, supports, and defines channels with center frequencies higher than 5.9 GHz. Figure 12 The specific values ​​shown may change.

[0148] For example, it can be defined starting from 5.940 GHz. Figure 12 The 20 MHz channel. Specifically, Figure 12 The leftmost channel in the 20 MHz channel array can have an index of 1 (or channel index, channel number, etc.) and be assigned a center frequency of 5.945 GHz. In other words, the center frequency of channel index N can be determined as (5.940 + 0.005 GHz). (N) GHz.

[0149] therefore, Figure 12The index (or channel number) of the 20 MHz channel can be 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, 25, 29, 33, 37, 41, 45, 49, 53, 57, 61, 65, 69, 73, 77, 81, 85, 89, 93, 97, 101, 105, 109, 113, 117, 121, 125, 129, 133, 137, 141, 145, 149, 153, 157, 161, 165, 169, 173, 177, 181, 185, 189, 193, 197, 201, 205, 209, 213, 217, 221, 225, 229, 233. Furthermore, according to the above (5.940+0.005) N)GHz rules, Figure 12 The index of the 40 MHz channel can be 3, 11, 19, 27, 35, 43, 51, 59, 67, 75, 83, 91, 99, 107, 115, 123, 131, 139, 147, 155, 163, 171, 179, 187, 195, 203, 211, 219, 227.

[0150] The structure and type / subtype of MAC frames are described below.

[0151] Figure 13 An example of a MAC frame header is shown. As illustrated, a MAC frame may include a 2-octet frame control field / information, a 2-octet duration field / information, a 6-octet receiver address (RA) field / information, and a 6-octet sender address (TA) field / information. Figure 13 As shown, the four fields can be consecutive. They can be modified in various ways. Figure 13 The MAC header, and new fields can be inserted between the four fields shown, or at least one of the fields shown can be omitted.

[0152] Figure 13 The MAC header shown can be located at the very beginning of the MAC frame. That is, a MAC frame can include, for example... Figure 13 The diagram shows the MAC header and the MAC body fields / information that follow it. This includes... Figure 13 The MAC frame header is inserted / included in the MAC frame. Figure 5 The data fields of the PPDU shown (e.g., UHR PPDU).

[0153] MAC frames included in the data field of the PPDU of this disclosure can be classified into various types. For example, MAC frames of this disclosure can be classified into control frames, management frames, and data frames.

[0154] For example, management frames include association requests, association responses, reassociation requests, reassociation responses, probe requests, probe responses, beacons, disassociation, authentication, and deauthentication frames / signals defined in a regular WLAN. For management frames, Figure 8 The values ​​of type fields B3 and B2 are set to 00. Additionally, Figure 8 The values ​​of the subtype fields B7, B6, B5, and B4 are as follows: Association Request (0000), Association Response (0001), Re-association Request (0010), Re-association Response (0011), Probe Request (0100), Probe Response (0101), Beacon (1000), Disassociation (1010), Authentication (1011), and Disauthentication (1100).

[0155] For example, control frames include trigger beamforming report polling, NDP announcement (NDPA), control frame extension, control wrapping, block Ack request (BlockAckReq), block Ack (BlockAck), PS-polling, RTS, CTS, Ack, and CF-end frames / signals as defined in traditional WLANs. For control frames, Figure 8 The values ​​of type fields B3 and B2 are set to 01. Furthermore, Figure 8 The values ​​of the subtype fields B7, B6, B5, and B4 are as follows: Trigger (0010), Beamforming Report Poll (0100), NDP Announcement (0101), Control Frame Extension (0110), Control Wrapper (0111), BlockAckReq (1000), BlockAck (1001), PS-Polling (1010), RTS (1011), CTS (1100), Ack (1101), and CF-End (1110).

[0156] For example, data frames include (QoS) data, (QoS) space, etc., as defined in a regular WLAN. For management frames, Figure 13 The values ​​of type fields B3 and B2 are set to 10.

[0157] The MAC frames / signals used in this disclosure can be identified by the aforementioned type field / information and subtype field / information. For example, a "trigger frame" in this disclosure may refer to a MAC frame in which type bits B3 and B2 in the frame control field of the MAC header are set to 01, and subtype bits B7, B6, B5, and B4 in the frame control field are set to 0010. The various MAC frames described in this disclosure are inserted into / included in the data fields of various PPDUs (e.g., HE / VHT / HE / EHT / UHR PPDUs).

[0158] Figure 14Examples of modifications to the transmitting and / or receiving apparatus of this disclosure are shown.

[0159] It is possible Figure 14 Modifications shown Figures 1 to 4 The device shown (e.g., AP STA, non-AP STA). Figure 14 The transceiver 630 can be used with Figure 1 The transceivers 113 and 123 are the same. Figure 14 The transceiver 630 may include a receiver and a transmitter.

[0160] Figure 14 The processor 610 can be with Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 are the same. Alternatively, Figure 14 The processor 610 can be with Figure 1 The processing chips 114 and 124 are the same.

[0161] Figure 14 The memory 150 can be with Figure 1 The memory modules 112 and 122 are identical. Alternatively, Figure 14 The memory 150 can be different Figure 1 Separate external memories for memories 112 and 122.

[0162] Reference Figure 14 The power management module 611 manages the power of the processor 610 and / or transceiver 630. The battery 612 supplies power to the power management module 611. The display 613 outputs the results processed by the processor 610. The keyboard 614 receives input to be used by the processor 610. The keyboard 614 may be displayed on the display 613. The SIM card 615 may be an integrated circuit for securely storing the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) and its associated keys, used for identifying and authenticating users in mobile devices such as mobile phones and computers.

[0163] Reference Figure 14 The speaker (640) can output the sound-related results processed by the processor 610. The microphone (641) can receive sound-related inputs to be used by the processor 610.

[0164] 1. Auxiliary channel

[0165] This specification outlines the procedure for secondary channel access, and first defines the primary and secondary channels as follows: The primary channel is the common operating channel for all STAs that are members of the BSS. Based on 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, 160 MHz, 80 MHz+80 MHz or 320 MHz BSS, the primary channel is the primary 20 MHz channel.

[0166] A secondary channel is a channel used to configure a channel associated with the primary channel that is wider than the primary channel. In 40 MHz, 80 MHz, 160 MHz, 80 MHz+80 MHz, or 320 MHz BSS, the secondary channel is a secondary 20 MHz channel. The secondary channel can also be referred to as a non-primary channel or non-primary channel access (NPCA) primary channel. Additionally, secondary channel access (SCA) can also be referred to as non-primary channel access (NPCA). These terms are used interchangeably in the following description.

[0167] 2. Methods for performing Non-Primary Channel Access (NPCA) or Secondary Channel Access (SCA)

[0168] In the current 802.11 standard, channel access is performed based on the primary channel. For example, a STA can send frames that include a secondary channel that is idle only because the primary channel is idle and the backoff counter (BC) has reached 0. For this purpose, all STAs prioritize performing a free channel assessment (CCA) on the primary channel. Therefore, the AP advertises the primary channel of the BSS and always includes the primary channel in sending management frames such as beacon, probe response frames, etc. This mechanism is effective in terms of protection because all frame exchanges between STAs and the AP are performed without interference. However, on the other hand, relying solely on the primary channel being busy is inefficient in terms of media usage because access to the idle secondary channel is impossible.

[0169] Figure 15 An example of channel access in an 802.11 wireless LAN system is shown.

[0170] Figure 15 This illustrates channel access based on the primary channel within an 80 MHz bandwidth. For example... Figure 15 As shown, this instruction manual covers the following: P20: Main 20 MHz channel S20: Secondary 20 MHz channel (based on a bandwidth of 40 MHz, it represents the remaining 20 MHz secondary channel in addition to P20) S40: Secondary 40 MHz channel (based on a bandwidth of 80 MHz, it represents the remaining 40 MHz secondary channel besides P20 / S20) S80: Secondary 80 MHz channel (based on a bandwidth of 160 MHz, it represents the remaining 80 MHz secondary channel excluding P20 / S20 / S40) S160: Secondary 160 MHz channel (based on a bandwidth of 320 MHz, it represents the remaining 160 MHz secondary channel excluding P20 / S20 / S40 / S80) S320: Secondary 320 MHz channel (based on a bandwidth of 640 MHz, it represents the remaining 320 MHz secondary channel excluding P20 / S20 / S40 / S80 / S160) Since P20 is busy due to CCA or NAV (Network Allocation Vector), BC is not decremented and waits until P20 becomes idle. Through this backoff process, once BC reaches 0, the channel states (i.e., CCA) of S20 and S40 are checked, and a frame is transmitted. In this example, since S40 is busy, the STA transmits frames corresponding to 40 MHz PPDUs via P20 and S20.

[0171] As mentioned above, such as Figure 15 As shown, since P20 is busy and S20 and S40 are idle, the bandwidth corresponding to 60 MHz is wasted, thus reducing the efficiency of media usage. Therefore, this specification proposes a method for accessing the secondary channel when P20 is busy. Additionally, this specification proposes a method to solve the misalignment problem, in which the transmitting STA fails to perform a channel handover due to different channel handover times between the receiving STA and the AP when switching from P20 to S20 or from S20 to P20, resulting in the transmission of frames.

[0172] The designations (names) in this specification may be changed, and STAs may include AP STAs or non-AP STAs.

[0173] 2.2 Secondary Channel Access Method

[0174] 2.2.1 STA Capabilities for Secondary Channel Access

[0175] Essentially, capabilities for Secondary Channel Access (SCA) can be defined. For example, STAs and APs can notify each other whether they support / enable SCA capabilities. For instance, SCA capabilities can be determined primarily based on the ability to decode the Type I Free Channel Assessment (CCA) (called Preamble Detection (PD)) performed in the Primary Channel (PCH) that identifies Wi-Fi frames, within the Secondary Channel (SCH). Thus, NAV can be set even within the SCH.

[0176] - Level 0: No backoff on SCH: In SCH, a second type of CCA is performed as described above. For example, a CCA that can detect Wi-Fi signals (called Guard Interval Detection (GID)) or a CCA that detects signals above a certain strength (called Energy Detection (ED)) is performed.

[0177] - Level 1: Last backoff on SCH: A PD is executed as a Type 1 CCA only in one secondary channel at a time. (For example, it is not possible to execute a CCA simultaneously in multiple SCHs.)

[0178] - Level 2: Simultaneous backoff on SCH: PD performed as Type 1 CCA simultaneously on one or more secondary channels. (For example, CCA performed simultaneously on multiple SCHs is possible.)

[0179] These capabilities can be included in UHR Capability Information Elements (IEs), etc. For example, from the AP's perspective, information about this capability can be included in and sent in beacons, probe response frames, and (re)association response frames, and from the non-AP STA's perspective, information about this capability can be included in probe request frames and (re)association request frames.

[0180] 2.2.2 Basic Process of Secondary Channel Access

[0181] Two NAVs (a basic NAV and a BSS-internal NAV) can be set for the aforementioned STA. The basic NAV can be updated based on PPDUs identified as inter-BSS or PPDUs that cannot be identified as inter-BSS or intra-BSS. The intra-BSS NAV can be updated based on PPDUs identified as intra-BSS.

[0182] Basically, based on the fact that the NAV within the BSS is set in the PCH for the STA, the following situation may occur.

[0183] - The AP performs frame exchange with a STA within its acquired transmission opportunity (TXOP), and sets the NAV within the BSS for other STAs based on the main channel. At this time, the STA with the set NAV within the BSS accesses the SCH and sends a frame to the AP. The AP does not receive the frame during transmission (e.g., DL data, Ack, etc.) (e.g., frames sent from the STA to the AP on the SCH).

[0184] Therefore, STA can perform SCA based on the basic NAV from another BSS besides its own BSS (e.g., OBSS) being set in the PCH.

[0185] For example, STA can perform SCA based on the basic NAV set in PCH.

[0186] Figure 16 An example of the basic procedures for SCA is shown.

[0187] Figure 16The basic SCA procedure is illustrated. Based on the basic NAV set when the STA performs backoff in P20, the STA performs backoff in S20 at the timing of setting the NAV. (For the PD to S20, there may be a handover delay for the PD from P20 to S20.) This differs from the CCA method from the perspective that CCA can be performed in S20, and it can be performed at all levels. The reason for performing backoff in S20 is that if adjacent STAs with the same or similar operating channels simultaneously transmit frames based on channel idleness without performing backoff, a collision occurs and thus potentially wastes media.

[0188] The following considerations should be taken into account when executing SCA.

[0189] i) Frame transmission method

[0190] In related technologies, based on the backoff counter reaching 0 via backoff in P20, frames can be transmitted via P20 and the idle one or more SCHs, depending on whether one or more SCHs are idle / busy. Therefore, for SCA, a change is needed due to the consideration of the case where P20 is busy, and the backoff operation for this is as follows.

[0191] - STA can perform backoff in one or more SCHs based on P20 being busy.

[0192] => The reason for performing backoff in SCH is that if an adjacent STA with the same or similar operating channel as a particular STA is determined to be idle as a CCA result for the channel during a predetermined short period of time (e.g., 1 time slot), and backoff is not performed for the SCH that includes the particular STA or the channel that overlaps with the SCH, and the particular STA and the adjacent STA transmit frames at the same time, a collision occurs and thus may waste media.

[0193] =>Since the remaining NAV timer in the current PCH (P20) is insufficient to acquire the TXOP in the SCH, backoff can be omitted from the SCH.

[0194] - The STA can perform a second type of CCA for SCHs other than one or more SCHs that perform backoff based on the backoff counter becoming 0. For example, it can determine whether the channel is idle or busy by performing CCA for SCHs other than the SCHs that perform backoff during a predetermined time (e.g., PIFS) before the backoff counter becomes 0 in the SCH that performs backoff.

[0195] - Based on the CCA results, the STA transmits frames on a channel that includes one or more idle SCHs and one or more SCHs that are performing backoff.

[0196] For example, in Figure 16 In the example of [[ID=]], backoff is performed in S20, and based on the backoff counter becoming 0, both 20 MHz channels in S40 are idle. Therefore, in this case, an 80 MHz PPDU (including a MAC frame) including a signaling with P20 punctured can be transmitted.

[0197] ii) TXOP setting method

[0198] Based on the expiration of the basic NAV in P20, CCA must be basically performed for P20. Therefore, TXOP is obtained in such a way that the end time of the TXOP in the SCH ends before the timing of the expiration of the basic NAV.

[0199] => Based on the TXOP being obtained to end after the timing of the expiration of the basic NAV, a traditional STA or the like can send a frame through P20 after the basic NAV set for the STA. Therefore, there is a problem that the STA cannot receive this. In addition, based on the target beacon transmission time (TBTT) being set in the middle of the basic NAV, there may be a problem because the AP must prepare to send a beacon immediately after the basic NAV, and there is also a problem that a non-AP STA does not receive the beacon to be sent by the AP in time and waits for more time than scheduled. Therefore, normal frame exchange can be performed in P20 by the condition "obtain TXOP in such a way that the end time of the TXOP ends before the timing of the expiration of the basic NAV".

[0200] => Based on not having enough time to obtain TXOP, no frame is sent. For example, based on it being difficult to obtain a TXOP as long as the interval between the timing when the backoff counter (BC) is 0 in the SCH and the end timing of the basic NAV in the PCH, no frame is sent.

[0201] For example, as in the example of [[ID=]] Figure 16 Based on performing backoff in S20 and the backoff counter becoming 0 to obtain TXOP, it ends earlier than the timing of the end of the basic NAV.

[0202] On the other hand, based on setting TXOP without considering the channel switching time (the time occurring based on the switch from S20 to P20), problems such as those shown in [[ID=]] Figure 18 and Figure 19 may occur. To solve this problem, the present disclosure proposes a method for TXOP termination conditions.

[0203] <STA's SCA operation procedure #1>

[0204] - Here, the STA can be a non-AP STA or an AP.

[0205] In this disclosure, even during the NAV period set in the PCH, the STA performing SCA can still transmit frames / PPDUs on the SCH. For example, the STA can transmit frames (or PPDUs) that have had the PCH excluded (or punctured) on one or more SCHs determined to be in an idle state by the CCA results of backoff performed on one or more SCHs and one or more SCHs without backoff performed.

[0206] Alternatively or concurrently, a TXOP that begins with the transmission of a frame or PPDU on the SCH can be configured to end before the expiration of the NAV on the PCH. The length of the TXOP can be set / indicated by the duration / ID field of the corresponding frame. For example, the value of the duration / ID field can be set to include the time (including the inter-frame interval (IFS)) required for the exchange of the corresponding frame or PPDU.

[0207] Alternatively, the Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) parameter set for each SCH performing backoff can be set to the EDCA parameter set in the PCH, the multi-user (MU) EDCA parameter set, or a new EDCA parameter set. This EDCA parameter set can be applied to all SCHs in the same or different ways.

[0208] In this disclosure, even during the NAV period set in the PCH, the STA receiving frames transmitted via the SCA can perform frame detection against the SCH. For example, the STA can perform backoff against the SCH if there is a frame to be transmitted, or it can attempt to receive even if there is no frame to be transmitted to check if there is a frame addressed to itself on the SCA. Additionally, the STA can set / reset the NAV based on the value of the duration / ID field of the frame detected on the SCH.

[0209] Alternatively, the EDCA parameter set for each SCH performing backoff can be set to the EDCA parameter set in the PCH, the MU EDCA parameter set, or a new EDCA parameter set. This EDCA parameter set can be applied to all SCHs in the same or different ways.

[0210] Figure 17 The basic secondary channel access operation procedure for STA is shown.

[0211] Reference Figure 17 The STA's transmission process is as follows.

[0212] Based on the STA receiving a PPDU including a frame from another BSS, the (basic) NAV is set in the primary channel. The STA performs backoff in one or more 20 MHz secondary channels. Based on the backoff counter reaching 0 in the secondary channel where the STA is performing backoff, the STA performs CCA for the other secondary channels. The STA uses the bandwidth of the secondary channel where backoff was performed and the other secondary channels that are idle as a result of the CCA to transmit the PPDU including the frame.

[0213] Reference Figure 17 The STA receiving process is as follows.

[0214] Based on the STA receiving a PPDU including a frame from another BSS, the (basic) NAV is set in the primary channel. The STA performs backoff in one or more 20 MHz secondary channels. Based on the STA receiving a PPDU including one or more frames during backoff, it determines whether the frame is addressed to the STA (i.e., whether the receiver address of the frame is the STA's MAC address). If the frame is addressed to the STA, the STA decodes the frame body. If the frame is not addressed to the STA, the STA sets the NAV using the value of the duration field in the frame's MAC header.

[0215] The AP announces a 20MHz channel for backoff within its own BSS (Basic Service Set) operating bandwidth.

[0216] - SCH outside the operational channel width: Indicator field regarding whether a non-AP STA can perform backoff based on switching to a SCH located outside its own operational channel width.

[0217] This field can be indicated solely based on the fact that the SCH used for backoff, as announced by the AP, exists outside the operating channel width of a non-AP STA.

[0218] For example, given a BSS operating bandwidth of 160MHz and the presence of non-APSTAs operating with an 80MHz operating channel width, when the AP announces that the SCH to be backed up is a 20MHz channel included in S80 (outside the non-APSTA's own operating channel width from its perspective), the non-APSTA can set this field to 1 based on the ability to perform backoff by switching to the corresponding SCH. Otherwise, it can set it to 0.

[0219] From the perspective of a non-AP STA, this field can be included in a management frame that includes probe responses and associated responses in the form of a UHR Operation IE or a new IE, and is directed to the AP.

[0220] The AP can use this field to determine whether a non-AP STA has switched to the corresponding SCH when switching to the SCH.

[0221] Figure 18 An example of media synchronization loss based on switching from S20 to P20 is illustrated.

[0222] Figure 19 An example of frame transmission failure based on the switch from S20 to P20 is shown.

[0223] After setting TXOP in S20 via SCA, the following problems may occur if the channel handover time that occurs when switching from S20 to P20 based on AP or STA is not taken into account.

[0224] like Figure 18 As illustrated, although TXOP terminates before the basic NAV expires, when switching back to P20 after the basic NAV expires by performing a channel handover to P20, a media synchronization problem may occur in P20.

[0225] In addition, such as Figure 19 As illustrated, the AP completes the channel handover to P20 before the basic NAV expires, and sends a frame to the STA via P20 after the basic NAV in P20 expires. However, the STA cannot receive the frame because it has not yet completed the channel handover to P20.

[0226] Figure 18 and Figure 19 In the above, APswitchTimeSP and STAswitchTimeSP are the times when the AP and STA switch the channel from S20 to P20, respectively.

[0227] => Each time can be indicated as a value with a specific unit (e.g., 32us, 64us).

[0228] => Additionally or alternatively, this time may vary for each SCH that performs backoff.

[0229] => Additionally or alternatively, based on switching the channel from P20 to S20, there may also be a handover time.

[0230] - Since the channel handover time from P20 to S20 is different from the channel handover time from S20 to P20, STA and AP can announce their respective channel handover times.

[0231] - To reduce signaling overhead, STA and AP can announce the longer of the two values ​​(max(channel handover time from P20 to S20, channel handover time from S20 to P20)).

[0232] => Additionally or alternatively, the value set in STAswitchTimeSP can vary based on the "SCH outside the operating channel width" defined above.

[0233] For example, if the SCH advertised by the AP is included within the STA's operating channel width, then the "SCH outside the operating channel width" may not exist, and the STA may have a switchTimeSTA value of 0 or a relatively small value. On the other hand, if the SCH advertised by the AP exists outside the STA's operating channel width, the STA can set the "SCH outside the operating channel width" value to 1 (based on the ability to move) or 0 (based on the inability to move) depending on whether it can move outside its own operating channel width. With the "SCH outside the operating channel width" value of 1, the STA's STAswitchTimeSP has a relatively large value (because of the large delay caused by hardware handover and backoff in the SCH set outside its own operating channel width while preparing to backoff to the existing PCH before performing SCA). With the "SCH outside the operating channel width" value set to 0 and indicated to the AP, the corresponding STA cannot perform secondary channel access, and the AP receiving the corresponding information will not perform SCA with the corresponding STA. That is, non-APSTAs can have different STAswitchTimeSP values ​​based on the location of the SCH to be backed up as announced by the AP and the "SCH outside the operating channel width".

[0234] => Additionally or alternatively, information about APswitchTimeSP may be announced based on being included in management frames such as beacon, probe response frames, or (re)association response frames.

[0235] => Additionally or alternatively, information about STAswitchTimeSP may be indicated based on what is included in management frames such as probe request frames or (re)association request frames.

[0236] In an environment where such channel switching time occurs, the TXOP termination condition used to address potential problems due to channel switching time is as follows.

[0237] TXOP is set to terminate before the underlying NAV expires.

[0238] Additionally or alternatively, TXOP can be set such that the end time of TXOP terminates before the time when the maximum basic NAV +Xus expires. Xus can be aMediumSyncThreshold (72us) defined in the existing baseline and can have different values ​​in 802.11bn.

[0239] Additionally or alternatively, the TXOP is set considering the channel switching time of the TXOP holder. For example, in Figure 18 , the STA is the TXOP holder, and the STA ensures that the TXOP is completed before the basic NAV - STAswitchTimeSP or the basic NAV + Xus - STAswitchTimeSP. By completing the TXOP and the channel switching before the expiration of the basic NAV, the medium synchronization problem can be solved.

[0240] Additionally or alternatively, the TXOP can be set considering the channel switching times of both the TXOP holder and the TXOP responder. For example, based on the longer of the two channel switching times (referred to as longSwitchTime in this specification), the TXOP is completed before the basic NAV - longSwitchTime or the basic NAV + Xus - longSwitchTime. By performing the TXOP and the channel switching before the expiration of the basic NAV, the Figure 18 medium synchronization problem and Figure 19 the problem occurring in

[0241] can be solved. Additionally or alternatively, considering that the AP is the TXOP holder and performs downlink (DL) multi - user (MU) transmission to several STAs or receives uplink (UL) multi - user (MU) transmission as a response from several STAs via a trigger frame, based on the longest channel switching time (referred to as longestSwitchTime in this specification) among the channel switching times of several STAs that may be TXOP responders, the TXOP is completed before the basic NAV - longestSwitchTime or the basic NAV + Xus - longestSwitchTime. Thus, the medium synchronization of all STAs in P20 can be guaranteed.

[0242] Additionally or alternatively, STAs that do not participate in the frame exchange (neither TXOP holders nor TXOP responders) switch back to P20 based on having switched to the SCH, considering the channel switching time that occurs based on their switching from S20 to P20.

[0243] <Procedure of SCA operation for STA #2>

[0244] - The STA can be a non - AP STA or an AP.

[0245] In this disclosure, even during the NAV period set in the PCH, the STA performing SCA can still transmit frames / PPDUs on the SCH. For example, the STA can transmit frames or PPDUs on one or more SCHs in an idle state by excluding (or puncturing) the PCH, which is determined by the CCA results of backoff performed on one or more SCHs and the one or more SCHs in which backoff was not performed.

[0246] Additionally or alternatively, a TXOP that begins with the transmission of a frame or PPDU on the SCH can be set to terminate before the NAV termination time on the PCH. The length of the TXOP can be set / indicated by the duration / ID field of the corresponding frame. For example, the value of the duration / ID field can be set to include the time required for the exchange of frames or PPDUs following the corresponding frame or PPDU (including the inter-frame interval (IFS)).

[0247] Alternatively or additionally, the EDCA parameter set for each SCH performing backoff can be set to the EDCA parameter set in the PCH, the MU EDCA parameter set, or a new EDCA parameter set. This EDCA parameter set can be applied to all SCHs in the same or different ways.

[0248] Additionally or alternatively, information about the maximum number of frames / PPDUs that can be sent on the SCH can be obtained from management frames (e.g., beacons) sent by the AP. Since the STA performing SCA is the AP, it can use the information sent by itself (information about the maximum number of frames / PPDUs that can be sent).

[0249] => Alternatively, information regarding the maximum number of frames / PPDUs that can be sent can be determined through negotiation between the AP and STA.

[0250] => Alternatively, based on the fact that the number of frames / PPDUs that the STA has sent has reached the maximum number of frames / PPDUs that can be sent, the STA may then wait for frames addressed to the STA or frames not addressed to the STA, i.e., frames that can set the NAV.

[0251] => Alternatively, based on the fact that the number of frames / PPDUs that the STA has sent has reached the maximum number of frames / PPDUs that can be sent, the STA may then stop SCA and switch back to PCH to perform backoff.

[0252] => Alternatively, based on the fact that the number of frames / PPDUs that the STA has sent has reached the maximum number of frames / PPDUs that can be sent, the STA may continue to perform backoff.

[0253] Additionally or alternatively, assuming that the AP and STA are aware of each other's channel handover times by announcing them through management frames (e.g., beacons, probe request / response frames, (re)association request / response frames), the TXOP holder sets the TXOP based on the channel handover time of the TXOP holder or TXOP responder. Therefore, the TXOP in S20 and the handover to P20 can be performed before the basic NAV expires, thus ensuring media synchronization upon returning to P20.

[0254] In this disclosure, the STA receiving a frame transmitted via SCA can perform frame detection on the SCH even during the NAV period set in the PCH. For example, the STA can perform backoff on the SCH because a frame to be transmitted exists, or even if there is no frame to be transmitted, the STA can attempt to receive to check if a frame addressed to itself exists on the SCA. Additionally, the STA can perform NAV setting / resetting based on the value of the duration / ID field of the frame detected on the SCH.

[0255] Additionally or alternatively, the EDCA parameter set for each SCH performing backoff can be set to the EDCA parameter set in the PCH, the MU EDCA parameter set, or a new EDCA parameter set.

[0256] The PPDU that transmits / receives signals according to this specification may include data fields.

[0257] The data field includes user data and may include grouping for higher-level processing. That is, it may include MPDU (MAC frame).

[0258] For example, based on support for channel access operations on secondary channels, the duration / ID field in the MAC header of the MPDU can be set to a value that includes the duration of frame exchange following the frame or PPDU sent with the PCH excluded (or punctured). For example, the TXOP end time determined based on the value of the duration / ID field can be set before the end time of the NAV set on the primary channel.

[0259] In addition, such as Figure 1 As illustrated, the transmitting and receiving devices may include a memory, a processor, and a transceiver, respectively.

[0260] The memory can store information about the multiple secondary channel accesses described in this specification.

[0261] The processor can perform backoff in the secondary channel, generate various RUs, and configure PPDUs based on information stored in memory. The processor can be configured to execute all or part of the <STA Operation Procedure #1 for SCA> and <STA Operation Procedure #2 for SCA> described in this specification.

[0262] Specifically, the transceiver (113) of the transmitting device includes an antenna and can perform analog signal processing. Specifically, the processor (111) can control the transceiver (113) to transmit PPDUs generated by the processor (111).

[0263] Alternatively, the processor (111) may generate a transmit PPDU and store information about the transmit PPDU in memory (112).

[0264] For example, the processor (111) of the transmitting device may be configured to perform the operation of transmitting STA according to the example of this disclosure. For example, the processor (111) may be configured to transmit a frame on the SCH via transceiver (113) during the time period when the NAV is set in the PCH. For example, the processor (111) may be configured to perform backoff on the SCH and determine the idle state of one or more SCHs via transceiver (113). For example, the processor (111) may be configured to transmit frames / PPDUs of excluded / punctured PCHs via transceiver (113) on one or more SCHs. Additionally or alternatively, the processor (111) may be configured to generate a frame including a duration / ID field, the duration / ID field being set to a value such that a TXOP that begins with the transmission of a frame / PPDU on the SCH terminates before the time when the NAV on the PCH ends.

[0265] Additionally, the transceiver (123) of the receiving device can receive PPDUs based on the control of the processor (121). For example, the transceiver (123) includes at least one receiving antenna and may include a filter for the corresponding receiving antenna.

[0266] The PPDU received by the transceiver (123) can be stored in the memory (122). The processor (121) can process the decoding of the received PPDU through the memory (122). The processor (121) can obtain control information (e.g., SIG) about BW / tone plan / RU included in the PPDU and store the obtained control information in the memory (122).

[0267] The processor (121) can perform decoding on the received PPDU. Additionally, the processor (121) can process the decoded data. For example, the processor (121) can perform a processing operation to deliver information about the decoded data fields to a higher layer (e.g., the MAC layer). Furthermore, based on a generation signal from the higher layer to the PHY layer in response to the data delivered to the higher layer, subsequent operations can be performed. For example, the processor parses the MAC PDU obtained by PHY decoding the data fields of the PPDU received through the transceiver.

[0268] For example, the processor (121) of the receiving device may be configured to perform the operation of receiving STA according to the example of this disclosure.

[0269] For example, the processor (121) may attempt frame detection on the SCH via the transceiver (123) during the time period during which the NAV is set on the PCH. The processor (121) may be configured to decode / parse frames addressed to itself based on frames received on the SCH. Additionally, the processor (121) may also be configured to set / reset the NAV based on the duration / ID field value of frames not addressed to itself.

[0270] Figure 20 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the transmitting device according to this embodiment.

[0271] Figure 20 Examples can be performed by the transmitting device (AP and / or non-AP STA).

[0272] Figure 20 A portion of each step (or detailed sub-steps described later) in the example can be skipped / omitted.

[0273] Through step S2010, the transmitting device (transmitting STA) can obtain information about the aforementioned tone plan. As described above, the information about the tone plan includes the size and location of the RU, control information related to the RU, information about the frequency band including the RU, and information about the STA receiving the RU, etc.

[0274] In step S2020, the transmitting device can construct / generate a PPDU based on the obtained control information. Configuring / generating a PPDU may include configuring / generating each field of the PPDU. Specifically, step S2020 includes configuring the EHT-SIG field, which includes control information regarding the tone plan. Specifically, step S2020 includes configuring a field that includes control information (e.g., an N-bitmap) indicating the size / location of the RU; and / or configuring a field that includes the identifier (e.g., AID) of the STA receiving the RU.

[0275] Additionally, step S2020 may include generating an STF / LTF sequence transmitted via a specific RU. The STF / LTF sequence may be generated based on a preset STF generation sequence / LTF generation sequence.

[0276] Additionally, step S2020 may include generating a data field (i.e., MPDU) sent through a specific RU.

[0277] The transmitting device can send the PPDU constructed in step S2020 to the receiving device based on step S2030.

[0278] While performing step S2030, the transmitting device may perform at least one of operations such as CSD, spatial mapping, IDFT / IFFT operation, and GI insertion.

[0279] The signals / fields / sequences constructed according to this specification can be used as follows: Figure 5 Send in the form of.

[0280] Figure 21 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the receiving device according to this embodiment.

[0281] The above PPDU can be based on Figure 21 The example is used to receive it.

[0282] Figure 21 Examples can be performed by the receiving device / app (AP and / or non-AP STA).

[0283] Figure 21 A portion of each step (or detailed sub-steps described later) in the example can be skipped / omitted.

[0284] The receiving device (receiving STA) can receive all or part of the PPDU through step S2110. The received signal can be... Figure 5 In the form of.

[0285] The sub-steps of step S2110 can be based on Figure 20 Step S2030 is determined. That is, in step S2110, the results of the CSD, spatial mapping, IDFT / IFFT operations and GI insertion operations applied in step S2030 can be recovered.

[0286] In step S2120, the receiving device can decode all or part of the PPDU. Additionally, the receiving device can obtain control information related to the tone plan (i.e., RU) from the decoded PPDU.

[0287] More specifically, the receiving device can decode the L-SIG and EHT-SIG of the PPDU based on conventional STF / LTF and obtain the information included in the L-SIG and EHT SIG fields. Information on the various tone schemes (i.e., RUs) described in this specification can be included in the EHT-SIG, and the receiving STA can obtain information about the tone scheme (i.e., RU) through the EHT-SIG.

[0288] In step S2130, the receiving device can decode the remaining parts of the PPDU based on the information about the tone scheme (i.e., RU) obtained in step S2120. For example, the receiving STA can decode the STF / LTF field of the PPDU based on the information about a scheme (i.e., RU). Additionally, the receiving STA can decode the data field of the PPDU based on the information about the tone scheme (i.e., RU) and obtain the MPDU included in the data field.

[0289] Additionally, the receiving device can perform a processing operation to deliver the data decoded in step S2130 to a higher layer (e.g., the MAC layer). Furthermore, when a generation signal is indicated from the higher layer to the PHY layer in response to data sent to the higher layer, subsequent operations can be performed.

[0290] The following text will refer to Figures 1 to 21 The above implementation method is described.

[0291] Figure 22 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of transmitting a STA accessing a non-master channel and receiving a PPDU according to this embodiment.

[0292] Figure 22 The example can be implemented in network environments that support next-generation wireless LAN systems (Ultra-High Reliability (UHR) wireless LAN systems or next-generation Wi-Fi). Next-generation wireless LAN systems are improved versions of the 802.11be system and meet backward compatibility requirements with the 802.11be system.

[0293] Figure 22 The example is performed by the sending station (STA), and the sending STA can correspond to an access point (AP). Figure 22 The receiving STA in the STA can correspond to at least one station (STA).

[0294] This embodiment proposes a method for setting the end time of the TXOP (Transmission Window) for a non-primary channel by managing the channel switching time that occurs when an AP or STA switches from a non-primary channel to a primary channel during frame delivery. Therefore, it has the following preventative effects: frame switching is completed during the TXOP period for the non-primary channel, and no medium synchronization issues occur when switching back to the primary channel, thus preventing subsequent frame transmission / reception failures in the primary channel.

[0295] In step S2210, the transmitting station (STA) sends a first management frame to the receiving STA.

[0296] In step S2220, the sending STA receives the second management frame from the receiving STA.

[0297] In step S2230, the transmitting STA performs channel access for the first non-master channel based on the first management frame and the second management frame.

[0298] The first management frame includes information about a first handover time, which occurs based on the sending STA switching from a first non-primary channel to a primary 20MHz channel for channel access.

[0299] The second management frame includes information about a second handover time, which occurs when the receiving STA switches from a first non-primary channel to a primary 20MHz channel for channel access.

[0300] The first non-primary channel is the secondary 20MHz channel. While the Network Allocation Vector (NAV) is set in the primary 20MHz channel, backoff can be performed in the secondary 20MHz channel.

[0301] The transmission opportunity (TXOP) for the first non-primary channel is set to terminate before the time obtained by excluding the longer of the first and second switching times from the duration of the set NAV.

[0302] The transmitting STA (or receiving STA) can perform backoff for the first non-primary channel. Based on a backoff value of 0 for the first non-primary channel, the transmitting STA (or receiving STA) can perform channel access for the second non-primary channel. The transmitting STA (or receiving STA) can transmit or receive the first Physical Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) through an idle channel between the first and second non-primary channels. The second non-primary channel can be any remaining secondary channel in the Basic Service Set (BSS) operating channels, excluding the first non-primary channel.

[0303] The first PPDU can be transmitted and received between the transmitting STA and the receiving STA during the TXOP for the first non-master channel.

[0304] The transmitting STA (or receiving STA) can switch from the first non-primary channel to the primary 20MHz channel for channel access after a TXOP for the first non-primary channel. The transmitting STA can send a second PPDU to the receiving STA via the primary 20MHz channel (or the receiving STA can receive a second PPDU from the transmitting STA via the primary 20MHz channel).

[0305] For example, this embodiment proposes a method for setting the end time of the TXOP for a non-primary channel by delivering information about the channel switching time of the AP via a first management frame and information about the channel switching time of the STA via a second management frame. Therefore, it has the following preventative effect: frame switching (transmission / reception of the first PPDU) is completed during the TXOP for the non-primary channel, and no medium synchronization issues occur when switching back to the primary channel, thereby preventing subsequent frame transmission / reception failures (transmission / reception of the second PPDU) in the primary channel.

[0306] As another example, based on the receiving STA including multiple STAs, for example, based on the sending STA sending downlink (DL) multi-user (MU) frames or receiving uplink (UL) MU frames in response from multiple STAs via trigger frames, the end time of the TXOP for the first non-master channel can be set as follows.

[0307] The second management frame (or the first management frame) may include information about a third handover time, which occurs based on multiple STAs switching from a first non-primary channel to a primary 20MHz channel for channel access.

[0308] The TXOP for the first non-primary channel can be set to terminate before the longest time obtained from the duration of the set NAV by excluding the longest of the third handover times for multiple STAs.

[0309] The duration of NAV can be set to the maximum base NAV + Xus. In this case, Xus can be set to aMediumSyncThreshold (72us) or to another value.

[0310] As another example, the first management frame may include first information (SCH outside the operation channel width) regarding whether the receiving STA can perform backoff for the first non-primary channel based on the fact that the first non-primary channel is located outside the operating channel of the receiving STA.

[0311] At this point, the second handover time can be set based on the first information. For example, if the first information is set to 1, the receiving STA can perform backoff for the first non-primary channel even if the first non-primary channel is located outside its own operating channel. Since the delay caused by the receiving STA switching to the first non-primary channel located outside its own operating channel to perform backoff can be significant, the second handover time can be set to a value relatively larger than the reference value. If the first information is set to 0, the receiving STA cannot perform backoff for the first non-primary channel if it is located outside its own operating channel. For example, the second handover time can be set to different values ​​based on the location of the first non-primary channel and the first information.

[0312] The first management frame can be a beacon or probe response frame or a (re)association response frame. The second management frame can be a probe request frame or a (re)association request frame.

[0313] Figure 23 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of receiving a STA accessing a non-primary channel and transmitting a PPDU according to this embodiment.

[0314] Figure 23 The example can be implemented in network environments that support next-generation wireless LAN systems (Ultra-High Reliability (UHR) wireless LAN systems or next-generation Wi-Fi). Next-generation wireless LAN systems are improved versions of the 802.11be system and meet backward compatibility requirements with the 802.11be system.

[0315] Figure 23 The example is performed by the receiving station (STA), and the receiving STA can correspond to at least one STA. Figure 23 The sending STA in the diagram can correspond to an access point (AP).

[0316] This embodiment proposes a method for setting the end time of the TXOP (Transmission Window) for a non-primary channel by managing the channel switching time that occurs when an AP or STA switches from a non-primary channel to a primary channel during frame delivery. Therefore, it has the following preventative effect: frame switching is completed during the TXOP for the non-primary channel, and no medium synchronization issues occur when switching back to the primary channel, thus preventing subsequent frame transmission / reception failures in the primary channel.

[0317] In step S2310, the receiving station (STA) receives the first management frame from the transmitting STA.

[0318] In step S2320, the receiving STA sends a second management frame to the sending STA.

[0319] In step S2330, the receiving STA performs channel access for the first non-master channel based on the first management frame and the second management frame.

[0320] The first management frame includes information about a first handover time, which occurs based on the sending STA switching from a first non-primary channel to a primary 20MHz channel for channel access.

[0321] The second management frame includes information about a second handover time, which occurs when the receiving STA switches from a first non-primary channel to a primary 20MHz channel for channel access.

[0322] The first non-primary channel is the secondary 20MHz channel. While the Network Allocation Vector (NAV) is set in the primary 20MHz channel, backoff can be performed in the secondary 20MHz channel.

[0323] The transmission opportunity (TXOP) for the first non-primary channel is set to terminate before the time obtained by excluding the longer of the first and second switching times from the duration of the set NAV.

[0324] The transmitting STA (or receiving STA) can perform backoff for the first non-primary channel. Based on a backoff value of 0 for the first non-primary channel, the transmitting STA (or receiving STA) can perform channel access for the second non-primary channel. The transmitting STA (or receiving STA) can transmit or receive the first Physical Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) through an idle channel between the first and second non-primary channels. The second non-primary channel can be any remaining secondary channel in the Basic Service Set (BSS) operating channels, excluding the first non-primary channel.

[0325] The first PPDU can be transmitted and received between the transmitting STA and the receiving STA during the TXOP for the first non-master channel.

[0326] The transmitting STA (or receiving STA) can switch from the first non-primary channel to the primary 20MHz channel for channel access after a TXOP for the first non-primary channel. The transmitting STA can send a second PPDU to the receiving STA via the primary 20MHz channel (or the receiving STA can receive a second PPDU from the transmitting STA via the primary 20MHz channel).

[0327] For example, this embodiment proposes a method for setting the end time of the TXOP for a non-primary channel by delivering information about the channel switching time of the AP via a first management frame and information about the channel switching time of the STA via a second management frame. Therefore, it has the following preventative effect: frame switching (transmission / reception of the first PPDU) is completed during the TXOP for the non-primary channel, and no medium synchronization issues occur when switching back to the primary channel, thereby preventing subsequent frame transmission / reception failures (transmission / reception of the second PPDU) in the primary channel.

[0328] As another example, based on the receiving STA including multiple STAs, for example, based on the sending STA sending downlink (DL) multi-user (MU) frames or receiving uplink (UL) MU frames in response from multiple STAs via trigger frames, the end time of the TXOP for the first non-master channel can be set as follows.

[0329] The second management frame (or the first management frame) may include information about a third handover time, which occurs based on multiple STAs switching from a first non-primary channel to a primary 20MHz channel for channel access.

[0330] The TXOP for the first non-primary channel can be configured to terminate before the longest time obtained by excluding the third handover time for multiple STAs from the duration of the set NAV.

[0331] The duration of NAV can be set to the maximum base NAV + Xus. In this case, Xus can be set to aMediumSyncThreshold (72us) or to another value.

[0332] As another example, the first management frame may include first information (SCH outside the operation channel width) regarding whether the receiving STA can perform backoff for the first non-primary channel based on the fact that the first non-primary channel is located outside the operating channel of the receiving STA.

[0333] At this point, the second handover time can be set based on the first information. For example, if the first information is set to 1, the receiving STA can perform backoff for the first non-primary channel even if the first non-primary channel is located outside its own operating channel. Since the delay caused by the receiving STA switching to the first non-primary channel located outside its own operating channel to perform backoff can be significant, the second handover time can be set to a value relatively larger than the reference value. If the first information is set to 0, the receiving STA cannot perform backoff for the first non-primary channel if it is located outside its own operating channel. For example, the second handover time can be set to different values ​​based on the location of the first non-primary channel and the first information.

[0334] The first management frame can be a beacon or probe response frame or a (re)association response frame. The second management frame can be a probe request frame or a (re)association request frame.

[0335] <Device Configuration>

[0336] The technical features described above in this specification can be applied to various devices and methods. For example, they can be used... Figure 1 and / or Figure 14 The apparatus is used to perform / support the above-described technical features of this specification. For example, the above-described technical features of this specification may be applied only to... Figure 1 and / or Figure 14 Part of it. For example, the aforementioned technical features of this specification can be based on Figure 1 The processing chips (114 and 124) are implemented based on Figure 1 Implemented using processors (111 and 121) and memory (112 and 122), or based on Figure 14 The processor (610) and memory (620) are implemented. For example, the apparatus of this specification receives a first management frame from a transmitting station (STA); transmits a second management frame to the transmitting STA; and performs channel access for a first non-master channel based on the first management frame and the second management frame.

[0337] The technical features of this specification can be implemented based on a computer-readable medium (CRM). For example, the CRM proposed in this specification is at least one computer-readable medium (CRM) comprising instructions executed by at least one processor.

[0338] The CRM can store instructions for performing operations including: receiving a first management frame from a transmitting station (STA); sending a second management frame to the transmitting STA; and performing channel access for a first non-primary channel based on the first and second management frames. The instructions stored in the CRM of this specification can be executed by at least one processor. The at least one processor associated with the CRM of this specification can be... Figure 1The processors (111 and 121) or processing chips (114 and 124), or Figure 14 The processor (610). Furthermore, the CRM in this manual can be... Figure 1 The memory (112 and 122), Figure 14 The memory (620) or a separate external memory / storage medium / disk, etc.

[0339] The aforementioned technical features in this specification are applicable to various applications or business models. For example, the aforementioned technical features can be applied to wireless communication in devices that support artificial intelligence (AI).

[0340] Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the field of research concerning artificial intelligence or the methods used to create it, while machine learning refers to the field of research concerning methods for defining and solving various problems within the field of AI. Machine learning is also defined as an algorithm that improves operational performance through stable operational experience.

[0341] Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are models used in machine learning, and can refer to models that solve problems in general, including artificial neurons (nodes) that form a network by combining synapses. An artificial neural network can be defined by the connection patterns between neurons in different layers, the learning process that updates model parameters, and the activation function that generates the output value.

[0342] An artificial neural network may include an input layer, an output layer, and optionally one or more hidden layers. Each layer includes one or more neurons, and the artificial neural network may include synapses connecting the neurons. In an artificial neural network, each neuron can output the function value of an activation function of the input signal input through synapses, weights, and biases.

[0343] Model parameters refer to the parameters determined through learning, and include the weights of synaptic connections and the biases of neurons. Hyperparameters refer to the parameters that are set before learning in a machine learning algorithm, and include the learning rate, number of iterations, minimum batch size, and initialization function.

[0344] Learning artificial neural networks may aim to determine model parameters used to minimize a loss function. The loss function can be used as a metric for determining the optimal model parameters during the learning process of an artificial neural network.

[0345] Machine learning can be divided into supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning.

[0346] Supervised learning refers to the method of training an artificial neural network using labels provided for the training data. When the training data is input into the artificial neural network, the labels indicate the correct answer (or result value) that the network should infer. Unsupervised learning refers to the method of training an artificial neural network without providing labels for the training data. Reinforcement learning can be a training method used to train an agent defined in an environment to select actions or sequences of actions to maximize the cumulative reward in each state.

[0347] Machine learning implemented using deep neural networks (DNNs) with multiple hidden layers is called deep learning, and deep learning is a part of machine learning. In the following text, machine learning is interpreted as including deep learning.

[0348] The aforementioned technical features can be applied to wireless communication for robots.

[0349] A robot can be defined as a machine that automatically processes or operates a given task using its own capabilities. In particular, a robot that has the ability to recognize its environment and make autonomous judgments to perform operations can be called an intelligent robot.

[0350] Depending on their application or field, robots can be categorized into industrial, medical, household, and military robots, among others. Robots can include actuators or drives that include motors to perform various physical operations, such as moving robot joints. Additionally, mobile robots can include wheels, brakes, propellers, etc., in their drives to move on the ground or fly in the air.

[0351] The aforementioned technical features can be applied to devices that support extended reality.

[0352] Extended reality is collectively referred to as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR). VR technology is a computer graphics technology that provides real-world objects and backgrounds only in CG images; AR technology is a computer graphics technology that provides virtual CG images on top of real object images; and MR technology is a computer graphics technology that provides virtual objects that are mixed and combined with the real world.

[0353] MR technology is similar to AR technology in that it can display real and virtual objects together. However, in AR technology, virtual objects are used as a supplement to real objects, while in MR technology, virtual and real objects are used as equals.

[0354] XR technology can be applied to head-mounted displays (HMDs), head-up displays (HUDs), mobile phones, tablets, laptops, desktop computers, televisions, digital signage, and more. Devices that utilize XR technology can be referred to as XR devices.

[0355] The claims disclosed in this specification can be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features in the method claims of this specification can be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features in the device claims of this specification can be combined to be implemented by a method. Furthermore, the technical features in the method claims and device claims of this specification can be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features in the method claims and device claims of this specification can be combined to be implemented by a method.

Claims

1. A method in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, the method comprising: The receiving station (STA) receives the first management frame from the sending station (STA); The receiving STA sends a second management frame to the sending STA; as well as The receiving STA performs channel access for the first non-primary channel based on the first management frame and the second management frame. The first management frame includes information about a first handover time, which occurs based on the sending STA switching from the first non-primary channel to the primary 20MHz channel for channel access. The second management frame includes information about a second handover time, which occurs based on the receiving STA switching from the first non-primary channel to the primary 20MHz channel for channel access. Wherein, the first non-primary channel is a secondary 20MHz channel, and while setting the network allocation vector (NAV) in the primary 20MHz channel, backoff is performed in the secondary 20MHz channel, and... Specifically, the transmission opportunity (TXOP) for the first non-primary channel is set to terminate before the time obtained by excluding the longer of the first and second switching times from the duration of the set NAV.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The backoff for the first non-master channel is performed by the receiving STA; The receiving STA performs channel access for the second non-primary channel based on a backoff value of 0 for the first non-primary channel; as well as The receiving STA transmits or receives the first Physical Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) through an idle channel among the first non-primary channel and the second non-primary channel. The second non-primary channel is the remaining auxiliary channel in the basic service set (BSS) operation channel of the transmitting STA, excluding the first non-primary channel.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, During the TXOP for the first non-master channel, the first PPDU is transmitted and received between the transmitting STA and the receiving STA.

4. The method according to claim 3, further comprising: After the TXOP for the first non-primary channel, the receiving STA switches from the first non-primary channel to the primary 20MHz channel for channel access. as well as The receiving STA receives the second PPDU from the transmitting STA through the main 20MHz channel.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Based on the fact that the receiving STA includes multiple STAs, the second management frame includes information about a third handover time, which occurs based on the multiple STAs switching from the first non-primary channel to the primary 20MHz channel for channel access. Specifically, the TXOP for the first non-primary channel is set to terminate before the time obtained by excluding the longest time among the third handover times for the plurality of STAs from the duration of the NAV set.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first management frame includes first information regarding whether the receiving STA performs backoff for the first non-primary channel based on the fact that the first non-primary channel is located outside the operating channel of the receiving STA. The second switching time is set based on the first information.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first management frame is a beacon frame, a probe response frame, or an association response frame, and The second management frame is either a probe request frame or an association request frame.

8. A receiving station (STA) in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, the receiving STA comprising: Memory; transceiver; as well as A processor operatively connectable to the memory and the transceiver. The processor is configured as follows: Receive the first management frame from the transmitting STA; Send a second management frame to the sending STA; and Channel access for the first non-master channel is performed based on the first management frame and the second management frame. The first management frame includes information about a first handover time, which occurs based on the sending STA switching from the first non-primary channel to the primary 20MHz channel for channel access. The second management frame includes information about a second handover time, which occurs based on the receiving STA switching from the first non-primary channel to the primary 20MHz channel for channel access. Wherein, the first non-primary channel is a secondary 20MHz channel, and while setting the network allocation vector (NAV) in the primary 20MHz channel, backoff is performed in the secondary 20MHz channel, and... Specifically, the transmission opportunity (TXOP) for the first non-primary channel is set to terminate before the time obtained by excluding the longer of the first and second switching times from the duration of the set NAV.

9. A method in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, the method comprising: The transmitting station (STA) sends the first management frame to the receiving station (STA); The sending STA receives the second management frame from the receiving STA; as well as The transmitting STA performs channel access for the first non-primary channel based on the first management frame and the second management frame. The first management frame includes information about a first handover time, which occurs based on the sending STA switching from the first non-primary channel to the primary 20MHz channel for channel access. The second management frame includes information about a second handover time, which occurs based on the receiving STA switching from the first non-primary channel to the primary 20MHz channel for channel access. Wherein, the first non-primary channel is a secondary 20MHz channel, and while setting the network allocation vector (NAV) in the primary 20MHz channel, backoff is performed in the secondary 20MHz channel, and... Specifically, the transmission opportunity (TXOP) for the first non-primary channel is set to terminate before the time obtained by excluding the longer of the first and second switching times from the duration of the set NAV.

10. The method according to claim 9, further comprising: The backoff for the first non-master channel is performed by the transmitting STA; The transmitting STA performs channel access for the second non-primary channel based on a backoff value of 0 for the first non-primary channel; as well as The transmitting STA transmits or receives the first Physical Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) through an idle channel between the first non-primary channel and the second non-primary channel. The second non-primary channel is the remaining auxiliary channel in the basic service set (BSS) operation channel of the transmitting STA, excluding the first non-primary channel.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein, During the TXOP for the first non-master channel, the first PPDU is transmitted and received between the transmitting STA and the receiving STA.

12. The method according to claim 11, further comprising: After the TXOP for the first non-primary channel, the transmitting STA switches from the first non-primary channel to the primary 20MHz channel for channel access. as well as The transmitting STA sends a second PPDU to the receiving STA through the main 20MHz channel.

13. The method according to claim 9, wherein, Based on the fact that the receiving STA includes multiple STAs, the second management frame includes information about a third handover time, which occurs based on the multiple STAs switching from the first non-primary channel to the primary 20MHz channel for channel access. Specifically, the TXOP for the first non-primary channel is set to terminate before the time obtained by excluding the longest time among the third handover times for the plurality of STAs from the duration of the NAV set.

14. The method according to claim 9, wherein, The first management frame includes first information regarding whether the receiving STA performs backoff for the first non-primary channel based on the fact that the first non-primary channel is located outside the operating channel of the receiving STA. The second switching time is set based on the first information.

15. The method according to claim 9, wherein, The first management frame is a beacon frame, a probe response frame, or an association response frame, and The second management frame is either a probe request frame or an association request frame.

16. A transmitting station (STA) in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, the transmitting STA comprising: Memory; transceiver; as well as A processor operatively connectable to the memory and the transceiver. The processor is configured as follows: Send the first management frame to the receiving STA; Receive a second management frame from the receiving STA; and Channel access for the first non-master channel is performed based on the first management frame and the second management frame. The first management frame includes information about a first handover time, which occurs based on the sending STA switching from the first non-primary channel to the primary 20MHz channel for channel access. The second management frame includes information about a second handover time, which occurs based on the receiving STA switching from the first non-primary channel to the primary 20MHz channel for channel access. Wherein, the first non-primary channel is a secondary 20MHz channel, and while setting the network allocation vector (NAV) in the primary 20MHz channel, backoff is performed in the secondary 20MHz channel, and... Specifically, the transmission opportunity (TXOP) for the first non-primary channel is set to terminate before the time obtained by excluding the longer of the first and second switching times from the duration of the set NAV.

17. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions executable by at least one processor and for performing a method comprising the steps of: Receive the first management frame from the transmitting station STA; Send a second management frame to the sending STA; as well as Channel access for the first non-master channel is performed based on the first management frame and the second management frame. The first management frame includes information about a first handover time, which occurs based on the sending STA switching from the first non-primary channel to the primary 20MHz channel for channel access. The second management frame includes information about a second handover time, which occurs based on the receiving STA switching from the first non-primary channel to the primary 20MHz channel for channel access. Wherein, the first non-primary channel is a secondary 20MHz channel, and while setting the network allocation vector (NAV) in the primary 20MHz channel, backoff is performed in the secondary 20MHz channel, and... Specifically, the transmission opportunity (TXOP) for the first non-primary channel is set to terminate before the time obtained by excluding the longer of the first and second switching times from the duration of the set NAV.

18. An apparatus in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, the apparatus comprising: Memory; as well as A processor, operatively connected to the memory. The processor is configured as follows: Receive the first management frame from the transmitting station STA; Send a second management frame to the sending STA; and Channel access for the first non-master channel is performed based on the first management frame and the second management frame. The first management frame includes information about a first handover time, which occurs based on the sending STA switching from the first non-primary channel to the primary 20MHz channel for channel access. The second management frame includes information about a second handover time, which occurs based on the receiving STA switching from the first non-primary channel to the primary 20MHz channel for channel access. Wherein, the first non-primary channel is a secondary 20MHz channel, and while setting the network allocation vector (NAV) in the primary 20MHz channel, backoff is performed in the secondary 20MHz channel, and... Specifically, the transmission opportunity (TXOP) for the first non-primary channel is set to terminate before the time obtained by excluding the longer of the first and second switching times from the duration of the set NAV.

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