Mosquito trapping module and mosquito trapping device

Abstract

The application discloses a mosquito trapping module and a mosquito trapping device, and relates to the technical field of vector biological prevention and control. The mosquito trapping module comprises at least one chemotactic signal regulation unit for releasing a first gas containing chemotactic signal molecules; and at least one power signal driving unit for releasing a second gas, wherein the second gas has a chemotactic induction effect and can provide kinetic energy load. When the second gas is released, a directional jet flow with a preset momentum is generated. The directional jet flow actively envelopes the first gas and guides its diffusion in a local physical interference area outside the mosquito trapping module through the entrainment effect, so that the natural diffusion of the first gas is blocked and forced to converge into the core area of the directional jet flow, thereby forming a high-coherent composite gas plume in the space outside the mosquito trapping module. The mosquito trapping module can simulate the natural state of human or animal emission of CO2 and carrying of skin odor, and significantly improves the mosquito trapping efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vector-borne disease control technology, and in particular to a mosquito-attracting module and a mosquito-attracting device. Background Technology

[0002] Mosquitoes are important vectors for the transmission of diseases such as malaria and dengue fever, posing a serious threat to public health. Chemical signal-based trapping technology has become a research hotspot due to its strong targeting and environmental friendliness. Scientific research shows that mosquitoes mainly rely on a dual signal system in the process of finding a host: one is the carbon dioxide (CO2) produced by respiration, which provides long-distance guidance, and the other is the volatile organic compounds (such as alcohols, ketones, fatty acids, etc.) released by human metabolism, which determine the landing behavior at medium and short distances. However, existing mosquito trapping products generally have the following technical defects: (1) The signal diffusion rate is not coordinated. CO2 has a small molecular weight and diffuses quickly, easily forming a far-field gas cloud; while chemotactic molecules diffuse slowly, only forming a near-field gas cloud, which makes it impossible for mosquitoes to sense a stable mixing gradient when approaching the device, often resulting in hovering without landing, which seriously affects the trapping efficiency. (2) Poor storage safety. Some products place hydrogels and acid-base gas-producing substances in the same space, and water vapor migration can easily trigger a pre-reaction, causing the packaging to bulge, prematurely fail, and shorten the shelf life. (3) There is an environmental induction risk. The fatty acids in traditional formulas easily absorb water in high humidity environments, forming micro-water accumulations that may become breeding grounds for mosquitoes to lay eggs.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a mosquito-attracting module that is safe to store, releases stably, can achieve synergy between CO2 and odor signals, and has a controllable structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of this application is to propose a mosquito-attracting module and device, which aims to solve or at least partially alleviate the problems of inconsistent signal diffusion rates, poor storage safety, and environmental induction risks of existing mosquito-attracting products.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, this application proposes a mosquito-attracting module, comprising: At least one chemotactic signal modulation unit is used to release a first gas containing chemotactic signal molecules; At least one power signal drive unit is used to release a second gas, which has chemotactic induction effect and can provide kinetic load; When the second gas is released, it generates a directional jet with a preset momentum. The directional jet actively envelops the first gas and guides its diffusion in a local physical interference area outside the mosquito-attracting module through the entrainment effect, thereby blocking the natural diffusion of the first gas and forcing it to flow into the core area of ​​the directional jet, thus forming a highly coherent composite gas plume in the space outside the mosquito-attracting module.

[0006] In one embodiment, the chemotactic signal modulation unit includes at least one first cavity, the first cavity including at least one first release port connected in communication with the first cavity, the first cavity being used to contain a volatile composition having a mosquito-attracting effect, and the first release port being used to release the first gas. The power signal drive unit includes at least one second cavity, the second cavity includes at least one second release port connected to the second cavity, the second cavity is used to contain a composition of gas that can generate a directional jet release with a preset momentum when released, and the second release port is used to release the second gas; Wherein, the first release port and the second release port have a central geometric distance; When the second gas is released from the second release port, the resulting airflow generates a pressure gradient difference in a certain area above the first release port through the entrainment effect. This causes the first gas to be driven by the pressure gradient difference as it leaves the first release port, moving towards the radial central axis of the directional jet and forming a composite gas plume in the external space of the mosquito-attracting module.

[0007] In one implementation, The geometric layout of the mosquito-attracting module satisfies the geometric coupling factor. Its value ranges from 0.01 to 0.35; The Calculate using the following formula: ; Where L is the center geometric distance between the first release port and the second release port, d is the aperture of the second release port, and D is the equivalent diameter corresponding to the top vertical projection area of ​​the mosquito-attracting module.

[0008] In one embodiment, the release kinetic index n of the mosquito-attracting module tot The value is 0.45~0.65; The release behavior of the mosquito-attracting module satisfies the following dynamic model: M t / M s = K·t n M t M represents the cumulative release at time t. s Let K be the total amount that can be released by the system, K be the release rate constant, and n be the release kinetic exponent.

[0009] Preferably, the release kinetic index n of the chemotactic signal regulation unit a The value is 0.3~0.6; The release dynamic index n of the power signal drive unit b The value is 0.4~0.95; In one embodiment, the volatile composition having a mosquito-attracting effect comprises the following components by mass fraction: Organic acids 0.05%~1%, carbonyl compounds 0.001%~0.1%, alcohols 0.005%~1%, aromatic heterocyclic compounds 0.001%~1%, with the balance being a slow-release matrix.

[0010] In one embodiment, the organic acid is selected from one or more of acetic acid, octanoic acid, lactic acid, nonanoic acid, pyruvic acid, and acetic acid; The carbonyl compound is selected from one or more of nonanal, octanal, decanal, 3-octanone, acetone, and butanone; The alcohol compound is selected from one or more of 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, linalool, and phenethyl alcohol; The aromatic heterocyclic compounds include one or more selected from pyrazine compounds, pyridine compounds, indole compounds and their derivatives; The sustained-release matrix is ​​selected from one or more of the following: liquid aqueous phase system, gel network system, solid porous carrier system, phase change regulation system, hygroscopic response system and osmotic pressure driven system.

[0011] In one embodiment, the composition that generates a directional jet of gas with a predetermined momentum upon release comprises the following components by mass fraction: Active gas-generating components: 80%–99%; Physical damping carrier: 1%–20%; The physical damping carrier regulates the water permeation rate of the active gas-producing component and the release path of the second gas.

[0012] In one embodiment, the active gas-generating component includes bicarbonate and / or carbonate, and a weak acid; The bicarbonate is selected from one or more of sodium bicarbonate and ammonium bicarbonate; The carbonate is selected from one or more of sodium carbonate, ammonium carbonate, potassium carbonate, and calcium carbonate; The weak acid is selected from one or more of lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, hexanoic acid, caprylic acid, hydrogen sulfate, and dihydrogen phosphate. The physical damping carrier is selected from one or more of modified starch, silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, and light calcium carbonate.

[0013] In one embodiment, the mosquito-attracting module further includes a housing and an activation component, wherein the activation component, the chemotactic signal modulation unit, and the power signal driving unit are disposed in the housing; The activation component is configured to trigger the chemotactic signal modulation unit to release the first gas and the power signal drive unit to release the second gas through at least one of mechanical action, electrical signal, magnetic force or chemical action.

[0014] In some embodiments, the shell is coupled to a phase change material; the phase change temperature range of the phase change material is 25~40°C; preferably, the phase change temperature range of the phase change material is 28~34°C. The housing is configured to absorb heat when the ambient temperature exceeds the phase transition temperature to stabilize the chemical release rate in the first and second cavities, and to release latent heat when the ambient temperature decreases to provide a thermal induction signal that simulates biological body temperature. The shell and the phase change material are coupled in the following ways: The shell is integrally formed using a composite functional masterbatch containing the phase change material, through injection molding or extrusion; or... The surface of the housing is provided with a functional coating containing the phase change material; or... The inner cavity of the shell is provided with a phase change material layer or phase change material assembly that is fitted to its inner wall; or, The shell has a multi-layer structure, and the phase change material is filled or encapsulated in its interlayer. The phase change material is selected from one or more of organic phase change materials, inorganic phase change materials, or composite phase change materials; Preferably, the phase change material is an organic phase change material; More preferably, the phase change material is selected from one or more of alkane-based phase change materials and fatty acid-based phase change materials; More preferably, the phase change material is a microcapsule-based paraffin phase change material, and the phase change material has a microcapsule structure or a shape-stable structure.

[0015] Secondly, this application also proposes a mosquito-attracting device, including the mosquito-attracting module provided in the first aspect of this application; The mosquito attracting device is selected from active mosquito attracting devices and / or passive mosquito attracting devices; The active mosquito attractor attracts target insects by generating one or more of the following: light signals, odor signals, airflow signals, or heat signals. The passive mosquito attractant intercepts or captures target insects through physical capture or adhesion.

[0016] The mosquito-attracting module proposed in this application is equipped with at least one chemotactic signal regulation unit and at least one dynamic signal driving unit. The chemotactic signal regulation unit releases a first gas containing chemotactic signal molecules, and the dynamic signal driving unit releases a second gas with chemotactic induction and kinetic energy load. Upon release of the second gas, a directional jet with a preset momentum is generated. Through a capillary effect, the directional jet actively encapsulates and guides the diffusion of the first gas within a local physical interference region outside the mosquito-attracting module, thus hindering the natural diffusion of the first gas and forcing it into the core region of the directional jet. This forms a highly coherent composite gas plume in the external space of the mosquito-attracting module. The resulting composite gas plume creates a gas distribution with a concentration gradient outside the mosquito-attracting module, mimicking the natural state of a human or animal emitting CO2 (the second gas) and carrying skin odor (the first gas), thereby enabling mosquitoes to track along the composite gas plume and significantly improving mosquito-attracting efficiency.

[0017] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mosquito-attracting module provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the mosquito-attracting module provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the mosquito-attracting module provided in an embodiment of this application from another angle. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mosquito-attracting module forming a composite gas plume, as provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0020] Icon labels: 100. Mosquito-attracting module; 1. Chemotaxis signal control unit; 11. First cavity; 12. First release port; 2. Power signal drive unit; 21. Second cavity; 22. Second release port; 3. Shell; 31. Shell body; 32. Top cover.

[0021] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this application involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0024] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this application involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution that simultaneously satisfies A and B. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0025] Mosquitoes are not only blood-sucking insects that disturb human life, but also important vectors for transmitting many deadly diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, Zika virus, and Japanese encephalitis. Globally, the control of mosquito-borne infectious diseases remains a major challenge in the field of public health. Existing mosquito control technologies are mainly divided into physical control (such as electric mosquito swatters and mosquito lamps), chemical control (such as insecticidal aerosols and mosquito coils), and biological control. Among them, trapping technology based on chemical signals has gradually become a hot topic in research and application due to its strong targeting, low likelihood of developing drug resistance, and relatively environmental friendliness. The core of this technology lies in simulating the attraction signals released by human or animal hosts to attract mosquitoes and capture or kill them.

[0026] Studies have shown that mosquitoes rely primarily on the synergistic effect of multiple physical and chemical signals when searching for hosts. Specifically, firstly, carbon dioxide (CO2) released by the host's respiration is a key signal that activates and guides mosquitoes' directional flight over long distances. Secondly, volatile organic compounds produced by human metabolism, such as alcohols (e.g., lactic acid), ketones (e.g., acetone), and fatty acids (e.g., caprylic acid, capric acid), constitute the complex components of the host's body odor, playing a decisive role in mosquito landing and biting behavior at close to medium distances. Thirdly, temperature, humidity, and visual signals also play auxiliary roles in close-range selection. Therefore, CO2 and human volatile odors together constitute a "dual-signal system" for attracting mosquitoes, and an ideal trapping device should be able to release both signals synergistically.

[0027] However, existing mosquito-attracting products generally suffer from the following technical deficiencies when simulating this dual-signal system: (1) The difference in signal diffusion rate leads to an imbalance in the attraction gradient: CO2 has a small molecular weight and a fast diffusion rate, which can quickly form a large-scale "far-field CO2 cloud" around the release point; while most chemotactic odor molecules (such as alcohols, ketones, fatty acids, etc.) have a large molecular weight or low volatility and a slow diffusion rate, usually forming only a "near-field odor cloud" around the release point. When the two substances are released at the same time, this inherent difference in diffusion rate makes it impossible to form a stable signal gradient in space that is consistent with the natural host. Mosquitoes are attracted by CO2 from a distance, but when they approach the device, they cannot continuously perceive the odor signal that is synchronously enhanced with the CO2 signal, so they only hover around the device and do not land, ultimately resulting in low trapping efficiency.

[0028] (2) Uncontrollable reactions during storage: In pursuit of simplicity and low cost, some mosquito attractants adopt an integrated design, placing hydrogel (for slow odor release) and acid / alkaline gas-generating substances (for CO2 production) directly in the same sealed space. Due to the migration and diffusion of moisture within the sealed packaging, the acid / alkaline substances may come into contact with moisture during storage, resulting in a slow pre-reaction. This not only leads to premature CO2 release, causing packaging to bulge or even rupture, posing a safety hazard, but also depletes the effective ingredients, causing the product to become ineffective by the time it is used by the user, severely shortening the product's shelf life.

[0029] (3) Environmental induction risk: Many traditional mosquito attractant formulations contain hygroscopic components such as long-chain fatty acids. In high humidity environments, these components readily absorb moisture from the air. When the absorbed moisture condenses on the bait surface to form micro-water accumulations, this environment may actually become a suitable breeding ground for mosquitoes to lay eggs. This not only fails to effectively kill mosquitoes but may also increase the mosquito population in a localized area, which contradicts the original intention of mosquito control.

[0030] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the existing technology for a mosquito-attracting module that is safe to store, releases signals stably, can achieve synergistic effects of CO2 and odor signals, and has a controllable structure, in order to overcome the above-mentioned defects and improve the effectiveness and safety of mosquito control.

[0031] Based on the above issues, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 In a first aspect, embodiments of this application propose a mosquito-attracting module 100, comprising at least one chemotactic signal modulation unit 1 and at least one dynamic signal driving unit 2. The chemotactic signal modulation unit 1 releases a first gas containing chemotactic signal molecules, and the dynamic signal driving unit 2 releases a second gas with chemotactic induction and capable of providing kinetic energy load. Further, the release of the second gas generates a directional jet with a preset momentum. Through a capillary effect, the directional jet actively encapsulates and guides the diffusion of the first gas within a local physical interference region outside the mosquito-attracting module 100, thereby hindering the natural diffusion of the first gas and forcibly drawing it into the core region of the directional jet, thus forming a high-coherence composite gas plume in the external space of the mosquito-attracting module 100.

[0032] In this embodiment of the application, "composite gas plume" refers to a gaseous fluid with a specific flow structure and propagation characteristics formed by mixing a first gas and a second gas in space.

[0033] "Providing kinetic load" means that the airflow (i.e., the second gas) released by the power signal drive unit 2, which has a certain initial velocity and dynamic pressure, has the kinetic energy to carry and entrain other gases, and is mainly used as a power source to drive the diffusion of the first gas.

[0034] The "entrainment effect" refers to the physical phenomenon in which a velocity difference is generated between the second gas (a gas flow with dynamic energy) at its jet boundary and the surrounding still air, thereby forming a local low-pressure area, which in turn attracts and entrains the first gas into the second gas flow field.

[0035] "Entrainment" specifically refers to the mixing process in which a first gas, which originally relies on natural evaporation, has weak diffusion ability, and a limited propagation range, is forcibly drawn into a second gas stream with higher kinetic energy under the influence of the entrainment effect, and then propagates in a directional and long-distance manner.

[0036] In some embodiments, the chemotactic signal control unit 1 includes at least one first cavity 11 and at least one first release port 12 communicating with the first cavity 11. The first cavity 11 is used to contain a volatile composition with mosquito-attracting effect, and the first release port 12 is used to release a first gas. The power signal drive unit 2 includes at least one second cavity 21 and at least one second release port 22 communicating with the second cavity 21. The second cavity 21 is used to contain a composition that can generate a directional jet of gas with a preset momentum upon release, and the second release port 22 is used to release a second gas.

[0037] There is a central geometric distance between the first release port 12 and the second release port 22. When the second gas is released from the second release port 22, the resulting airflow generates a pressure gradient difference in a certain area above the first release port 12 through the entrainment effect. This causes the first gas to be driven by the pressure gradient difference at the moment it leaves the first release port 12, and to move toward the radial central axis of the directional jet (second gas), forming a composite gas plume in the external space of the mosquito-attracting module 100.

[0038] By incorporating a chemotactic signal control unit 1 and a power signal drive unit 2, and maintaining a preset central geometric distance between the first release port 12 and the second release port 22, the main jet of the second gas possesses kinetic energy. This generates a suction airflow field around it, carrying away air along its path and within a certain range (including the suctioned first gas), forming a kinetic composite gas plume in the external space of the mosquito-attracting module 100. This composite gas plume creates a gas distribution with a concentration gradient outside the mosquito-attracting module, mimicking the natural state of a human or animal emitting CO2 (the second gas) and carrying skin odor (the first gas). This allows mosquitoes to track along the composite gas plume, significantly improving mosquito-attracting efficiency.

[0039] In some implementations, the geometric layout of the mosquito-attracting module satisfies the geometric coupling factor. Its value ranges from 0.01 to 0.35. Among them, Calculate using the following formula: ; L is the center geometric distance between the first release port 12 and the second release port 22, d is the aperture of the second release port 22, and D is the equivalent diameter corresponding to the top vertical projection area of ​​the mosquito attracting module 100.

[0040] In the embodiments of this application, "equivalent diameter" refers to the diameter of a circle after converting the vertical projection area of ​​the top of the mosquito-attracting module 100 (i.e., the area enclosed by the outer contour of the entire top of the module in the top view) into the area of ​​a circle.

[0041] For example, when the equivalent diameter D of the mosquito-attracting module 100 is 30 mm, and the apertures of both the first release port 12 and the second release port 22 are 3 mm, the nearest preset edge distance between the first release port 12 and the nearest adjacent second release port 22 is 1~18 mm. The corresponding center geometric distance L is 4~21 nm. Preferably, the nearest preset edge distance between the first release port 12 and the nearest adjacent second release port 22 is 1.5~6 mm.

[0042] Understandably, when the equivalent diameter D of the mosquito-attracting module 100 increases, the geometric coupling factor is increased by simultaneously increasing the central geometric distance L or increasing the aperture d of the first release port 12 and / or the second release port 22. The values ​​are maintained within the aforementioned range (0.01~0.35) to ensure that the physical envelope characteristics of the composite gas plume do not fail with scale changes.

[0043] In some embodiments, the shape and volume of the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 21 are not limited and can be set according to the amount of contents they contain. The shapes of the first release port 12 and the second release port 22 can be arbitrary and are not limited here. For example, the shapes of the first release port 12 and the second release port 22 include circles, rectangles, other polygons, or geometric shapes with arbitrary curvature. The above settings are sufficient to satisfy the requirement that the first gas and the second gas form a composite gas plume in the external space of the mosquito attracting module 100.

[0044] In some embodiments, the release kinetic index n of the mosquito-attracting module 100 tot The value is 0.45~0.65.

[0045] The release behavior of the mosquito-attracting module 100 satisfies the following kinetic model: M t / M s = K·t n M t M represents the cumulative release at time t. s Let K be the total amount that can be released by the system, K be the release rate constant, and n be the release kinetic exponent.

[0046] Specifically, the release kinetic index of the mosquito-attracting module 100 is calculated as follows: (1) Dual-cavity superposition: M t,tot =M t,A +M t,B =K A t nA +K B t nB ; (2) Total release ratio: ; in Represents a dual-cavity superposition; This represents the cumulative release amount at time t of chemotactic signal regulation unit 1; This indicates the cumulative release amount of the power signal drive unit 2 at time t; (2) Calculation of the overall n value: For log( / The function is linearly fitted to log(t), and the slope is n. tot (The value of n in the dual-cavity combination of chemotactic signal control unit 1 and dynamic signal drive unit 2).

[0047] According to experimental tests, when the release kinetic index n of the mosquito-attracting module 100... tot When the value is 0.45~0.65, the coordinated release of the chemotactic signal control unit 1 and the power signal drive unit 2 can be achieved.

[0048] Preferably, the release kinetic index n of the chemotactic signal regulation unit 1 is... a The value is 0.3~0.6; the release dynamics index n of the power signal drive unit 2 is... b The value is 0.4~0.95.

[0049] In some implementations, please refer to [the relevant documentation]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The mosquito-attracting module 100 also includes a housing 3 and an activation component. The housing 3 contains a chemotactic signal control unit 1, a power signal drive unit 2, and the activation component, all isolated from each other. The activation component triggers the chemotactic signal control unit 1 to release a first gas and the power signal drive unit 2 to release a second gas. When the volatile composition with mosquito-attracting properties in the first cavity 11 and the composition in the second cavity 21 that generates a directional jet of gas with a preset momentum upon release come into contact with moisture in the air through the aforementioned triggering method, the first and second gases are released.

[0050] Specifically, the activation component is configured to trigger the chemotactic signal regulation unit 1 and the power signal drive unit 2 to start releasing gas through at least one of mechanical action, electrical signal, magnetic force or chemical action.

[0051] In some implementations, the activation component is a mechanical triggering structure, such as a press button, rotary switch, pull ring, or puncture device. The user manually presses, rotates, or pulls the activation component to mechanically act on the chemotactic signal control unit 1 and the power signal drive unit 2, thereby disrupting their sealing structure or opening their release channel, thus achieving gas release.

[0052] In some implementations, the activation component is an electrically controlled triggering structure, such as a push-button switch, a touch switch, or a remote control signal receiving module. When it receives a user's operation command or an external control signal, the activation component outputs an electrical signal to the chemotactic signal regulation unit 1 and the power signal drive unit 2, driving the internal electrically controlled valve, micro-pump, or electric heating element to start, thereby releasing the gas.

[0053] In some implementations, the activation component is a magnetically triggered structure, such as a reed switch or a magnetic adsorption component. When an external magnet approaches or is removed, the activation component changes its on / off state, thereby triggering the chemotactic signal control unit 1 and the power signal drive unit 2 to begin releasing gas.

[0054] In some implementations, the activation component is a chemically triggered structure, such as containing a ruptureable chemical reagent capsule. When the user applies external force to rupture the chemical reagent capsule, the released chemical substance brings the reactants in the chemotactic signal regulation unit 1 or the dynamic signal drive unit 2 into contact with air and water, initiating the release of gas.

[0055] It should be noted that the activation component is not limited to the single triggering method mentioned above, but can also adopt a combination of multiple methods. For example, the circuit can be connected first by mechanical action, and then the gas release can be initiated by electrical signal. Any structural form that can trigger the chemotactic signal regulation unit 1 and the power signal drive unit 2 to release gas falls within the protection scope of the activation component defined in this application.

[0056] In some embodiments, the housing 3 includes a body 31 and a top cover 32, with the chemotactic signal control unit 1 and the power signal drive unit 2 disposed within the body 31. By providing the body 31 and the top cover 32, the chemotactic signal control unit 1 and the power signal drive unit 2 in the mosquito-attracting module 100 can be easily replaced, facilitating long-term use and being environmentally friendly. The top cover 32 also prevents the chemotactic signal control unit 1 and the power signal drive unit 2 from contacting the air when not in use, thus avoiding premature release of effective substances due to air contact.

[0057] In some embodiments, the housing 3 is coupled to the phase change material. The phase change temperature range of the phase change material is 25~40°C. Preferably, the phase change temperature of the phase change material is 28~34°C.

[0058] Furthermore, the housing 3 is configured to absorb heat when the ambient temperature exceeds the phase transition temperature to stabilize the chemical release rate within the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 21, and to release latent heat when the ambient temperature decreases to provide a thermal induction signal simulating biological body temperature.

[0059] Under strong outdoor sunlight, ordinary plastic shells, lacking effective heat buffering mechanisms, are significantly affected by solar radiation, and their internal temperature can rapidly rise to over 45°C in a short time. This drastic temperature rise directly leads to a sharp acceleration of the chemical reaction rate within the chemotactic signal control unit 1 and the dynamic signal drive unit 2, causing excessive consumption of effective substances in a short period, significantly shortening the effective release cycle of the bait, and severely weakening the device's continuous operation capability in the field. To address this problem, this embodiment couples the shell 3 with a phase change material (PCM) masterbatch, utilizing PCM's characteristic of absorbing a large amount of latent heat within the phase change temperature range (25~40°C) while maintaining a relatively constant temperature, thus maintaining the internal temperature plateau of the shell 3 at an optimal temperature of approximately 28~34°C, and stably maintaining this temperature plateau for 4~6 hours. Specifically, the phase change material allows the environmental heat energy stored by the mosquito-attracting module during the high-temperature period of the daytime to be released in a controlled manner during the low-temperature period of the following morning and night.

[0060] This mechanism not only curbs the problem of uncontrolled reaction and rapid depletion of bait caused by overheating at the source, but also ensures the stability of the chemical release rate of the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 21 under complex thermal conditions. Furthermore, it provides the module with a long-lasting physical induction field that simulates the host's body temperature during the next cycle. In this way, while ensuring the coherence of the composite gas plume formed by the mosquito-attracting module 100, it solves the problem of the performance gap in the early morning when conventional mosquito-attracting equipment is used in continuous field operations.

[0061] In some embodiments, the housing 3 and the phase change material are configured by thermal coupling, and the coupling configuration includes, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: (1) The shell 3 is made of composite functional masterbatch containing the phase change material and is integrally formed by injection molding or extrusion process; (2) The surface of the housing 3 is provided with a functional coating containing the phase change material; (3) The inner cavity of the shell 3 is provided with a phase change material layer or phase change material assembly that is attached to its inner wall; (4) The shell 3 has a multi-layer structure, and the phase change material is filled or encapsulated in its interlayer.

[0062] In some embodiments, the phase change material is selected from one or more of organic phase change materials, inorganic phase change materials, or composite phase change materials. Preferably, the phase change material is an organic phase change material. More preferably, the organic phase change material is selected from one or more of alkane-based phase change materials and fatty acid-based phase change materials; even more preferably, the organic phase change material has a microcapsule structure or a shape-stable structure.

[0063] In one specific embodiment, the phase change material is a microencapsulated paraffin-based phase change material with a phase change temperature of 28~34°C, a latent heat of 150~220 J / g, a particle size of 5~30 μm, and the shell 3 is made of polymethyl methacrylate.

[0064] The phase change material is distributed in the shell 3 or disposed on the surface, inside or in the sandwich structure of the shell 3. It is used to undergo solid-liquid phase change during the process of environmental temperature change. Through the heat absorption and heat release process, it regulates the thermal environment around the shell 3, thereby controlling the volatilization rate of the mosquito-attracting active substance.

[0065] Under diurnal temperature cycling conditions, the phase change material absorbs heat and undergoes phase change to store energy during the daytime temperature rise phase, and releases heat during the evening and nighttime temperature drop phase, thereby enhancing the release intensity and stability of the mosquito-attracting active substance during the mosquito's active period and improving the trapping efficiency.

[0066] In some embodiments, the first cavity 11 is filled with a volatile composition having a mosquito-attracting effect, comprising the following components by mass fraction: 0.05%~1% organic acid, 0.001%~0.1% carbonyl compound, 0.005%~1% alcohol compound, 0.001%~1% aromatic heterocyclic compound, with the balance being a sustained-release matrix. The organic acid, carbonyl compound, alcohol compound, and aromatic heterocyclic compound are components that release chemotactic signals. The sustained-release matrix regulates the release rate of the chemotactic signal-releasing components.

[0067] In some embodiments, the organic acid is selected from one or more of acetic acid, octanoic acid, lactic acid, nonanoic acid, pyruvic acid, and acetic acid; the carbonyl compound is selected from one or more of nonanal, octanal, 3-octanone, decanal, acetone, and butanone; the alcohol compound is selected from one or more of 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, linalool, and phenethyl alcohol; the aromatic heterocyclic compound includes one or more of pyrazine compounds, pyridine compounds, indole compounds and their derivatives; and the sustained-release matrix is ​​selected from one or more of liquid aqueous phase systems, gel network systems, solid porous carrier systems, phase change regulation systems, hygroscopic response systems, and osmotic pressure driven systems.

[0068] In this application embodiment, the term "slow-release matrix" refers to a carrier material capable of carrying the active ingredients in the volatile composition with mosquito-attracting effect and regulating their release rate into the environment through physical, chemical, or physicochemical mechanisms. Based on their morphology and controlled-release mechanism, the slow-release matrix includes, but is not limited to, the following systems: (1) Liquid aqueous phase system: refers to a matrix in which water is the main continuous phase and the active ingredient is dissolved or dispersed to form a homogeneous or heterogeneous liquid system. The release rate of this system can be adjusted by changing the volatility of the solvent or adding a thickener, such as pure water, buffer solution, water-alcohol mixture, etc. For example, liquid aqueous phase systems include aqueous solution systems or alcoholic solution systems containing volatile compositions with mosquito-attracting effects, and the volatile compositions with mosquito-attracting effects are released through liquid phase diffusion and surface evaporation.

[0069] (2) Gel network system: This refers to a semi-solid matrix formed by chemical cross-linking or physical entanglement of polymer molecules to create a three-dimensional network structure capable of immobilizing a large amount of solvent (such as water or alcohol) and possessing certain rheological properties. The active ingredient is dispersed in the interstices of the network and is slowly released through diffusion or network degradation. This system includes, but is not limited to, hydrogels, organic gels, and aerogels. For example, gel network systems include multidimensional network structures formed by gellan gum, carrageenan, or cellulose derivatives. These multidimensional network structures are used to restrict the diffusion path of volatile compositions with mosquito-attracting effects and achieve sustained release.

[0070] (3) Solid porous carrier system: including porous compressed materials or porous inorganic carriers, whose porous structure is used to control the release rate of volatile compositions with mosquito-attracting effect through pore diffusion.

[0071] (4) Phase change control system: refers to a matrix that utilizes the property of materials to absorb or release latent heat when they undergo phase change (such as solid-liquid or liquid-gas transition) at specific temperatures or conditions, and controls the release rate of active ingredients through a phase change barrier. This system includes, but is not limited to, paraffin-based, polyethylene glycol-based, and fatty acid-based phase change materials, or thermal response release systems formed by microencapsulating active ingredients.

[0072] (5) Hygroscopic response system: refers to a matrix that utilizes the responsive volume change, surface property change or structural change of the material in response to changes in humidity in the environment, thereby dynamically adjusting the release rate of active ingredients. This type of matrix may contain hygroscopic salts (such as calcium chloride, lithium chloride), hygroscopic polymers (such as sodium polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol) or their composites, and achieve adaptive adjustment of the release rate through the cycle of water adsorption and desorption.

[0073] (6) Osmotic pressure driven system: includes a double-cavity structure composed of a semi-permeable membrane, in which external water enters the reaction chamber through osmosis, thereby controlling the gas generation rate.

[0074] In some preferred embodiments, the second cavity 21 is filled with a composition of gas that generates a directional jet of gas with a predetermined momentum upon release, comprising the following components by mass fraction: 80%~99% active gas-generating component and 1%~20% physical damping carrier. The physical damping carrier is used to regulate the water permeation rate of the active gas-generating component and the release path of the second gas.

[0075] Specifically, the control of the release path includes the control of the path length and the control of the path width. The release path length of the second gas is controlled by increasing the porosity and / or material thickness of the composition through a physical damping carrier; the release path width of the second gas is controlled by adjusting the particle size and / or compaction density of the composition through a physical damping carrier.

[0076] The production rate of the second gas increases nonlinearly and positively with the increase of ambient humidity, so as to compensate for the diffusion loss of chemotactic signal molecules in high humidity environment in real time by enhancing the kinetic energy of the carrier gas.

[0077] In some embodiments, the active gas-generating component includes bicarbonate and / or carbonate, and a weak acid. The bicarbonate is selected from one or more of sodium bicarbonate and ammonium bicarbonate; the carbonate is selected from one or more of sodium carbonate, ammonium carbonate, potassium carbonate, and calcium carbonate; the weak acid is selected from one or more of lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, hexanoic acid, octanoic acid, bisulfate, and dihydrogen phosphate. The physical damping carrier is selected from one or more of modified starch, silica, magnesium stearate, and light calcium carbonate.

[0078] It should be noted that regardless of the changes in the chemical composition filled in the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 21, as long as their physical synergistic release kinetic index satisfies the release kinetic index n of the mosquito-attracting module 100... tot This allows for the formation of a composite gas plume.

[0079] This application also provides a mosquito-attracting device, including the mosquito-attracting module 100 as described above. The mosquito-attracting device is selected from active mosquito-attracting devices and / or passive mosquito-attracting devices.

[0080] Active mosquito attractors attract target insects by generating one or more of the following: light signals, odor signals, airflow signals, or heat signals. Specifically, an active mosquito attractor is a device that is driven by external energy to generate attraction signals and / or capture effects. It utilizes electrical energy, thermal energy, and / or mechanical energy to create a physical field or airflow field that attracts or traps mosquitoes.

[0081] In some embodiments, the mosquito-attracting device includes, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: light-induced mosquito-killing lamp, wind-suction mosquito-catching device, electric shock mosquito-killing device, heat source simulation mosquito-attracting device, light-airflow coupled trapping device, and light-heat composite mosquito-attracting device.

[0082] Passive mosquito traps intercept or capture target insects through physical capture or adhesion. Specifically, "passive" refers to a device that requires no external energy input and relies on material properties and / or structural design to guide, retain, or capture mosquitoes.

[0083] In some embodiments, the passive mosquito trapping device includes, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: adhesive trapping sheets, trap-type trapping boxes, physical barriers or flow guiding structures, suspended mosquito trapping devices, and one-way entry trapping structures based on channel structures.

[0084] In some embodiments, the mosquito-attracting module 100 is further provided with a universal installation interface, including one or more of the following: an adhesive layer, a hook, a magnetic component, an elastic binding component, or a slide-in bayonet. The mosquito-attracting module 100 is modularly mounted to the outer wall, air intake, or trapping area of ​​the mosquito-attracting device via the universal installation interface, utilizing the highly coherent composite gas plume it generates to provide additional chemotactic attraction power to the mosquito-attracting device. It should be noted that the mosquito-attracting module 100, when mounted, does not alter the original main airflow path of the mosquito-attracting device; instead, it improves the attraction space envelope of the mosquito-attracting device through flow field superposition or far-field guidance.

[0085] The following specific examples provide further details.

[0086] Example 1 This embodiment prepares a mosquito-attracting module. The chemotactic signal regulation unit comprises the following components: 0.4% gellan gum, 4% glycerol, 0.08% calcium chloride, 0.6% hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), 0.2% lactic acid, 0.001% butanone, 0.005% 1-octen-3-ol, 0.1% furfural, with the balance being deionized water. The kinetic signal driving unit comprises the following components: 49% sodium bicarbonate, 22% calcium carbonate, 16% anhydrous citric acid, 8% modified starch, 4% silica, and 1% magnesium stearate. The specific preparation steps are as follows: (1) Preparation of volatile composition with mosquito-attracting effect: Take a specified amount of deionized water and heat it to 80°C. Add gellan gum, hydroxyethyl cellulose and glycerol in sequence. Stir for 20 min to make the system transparent and uniform. Cool the stirred system to 45°C, add calcium chloride, butanone, furfural, lactic acid and 1-octen-3-ol, stir and mix well, and then let it stand to remove bubbles.

[0087] (2) Preparation of a composition that can generate a directional jet of gas with a preset momentum upon release: Sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate and anhydrous citric acid are weighed according to the above proportions and mixed evenly. Then modified starch and silicon dioxide are added and mixed evenly. Finally, magnesium stearate is added and sieved to control the particle size to 120~180 mesh.

[0088] (3) The volatile composition with mosquito-attracting effect prepared in (1) and (2) and the composition that can generate a directional jet of gas with a preset momentum upon release are respectively filled into the following containers: Figures 1~3 The mosquito-attracting module is fabricated in the first and second cavities shown, and the geometric layout of the mosquito-attracting module satisfies the aforementioned geometric coupling factor. The mosquito-attracting module's shell is made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).

[0089] Example 2 This embodiment prepares a mosquito-attracting module, wherein the chemotactic signal regulation unit includes the following components: gellan gum 0.4%, glycerol 4%, calcium chloride 0.08%, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) 0.6%, acetic acid 0.3%, octanal 0.01%, 1-octen-3-ol 0.001%, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine 0.02%, with the balance being deionized water. The kinetic signal driving unit includes the following components: ammonium bicarbonate 44%, ammonium carbonate 22%, tartaric acid 14%, modified starch 8%, silicon dioxide 6%, and magnesium stearate 6%. The specific steps are the same as in Example 1, and the components are added and filled in sequence according to the above components and proportions.

[0090] Example 3 This embodiment prepares a mosquito-attracting module, wherein the chemotactic signal regulation unit includes the following components: 0.4% gellan gum, 4% glycerol, 0.08% calcium chloride, 0.6% hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), 0.3% lactic acid, 0.01% butanone, 0.001% 1-octanol, 0.001% indole, and the balance being deionized water. The dynamic signal driving unit includes the following components: 49% sodium bicarbonate, 22% calcium carbonate, 16% anhydrous citric acid, 8% modified starch, 4% silica, and 1% magnesium stearate. The specific steps are the same as in Example 1, and the components are added and filled in sequence according to the above components and proportions.

[0091] Example 4 This embodiment prepares a mosquito-attracting module, wherein the chemotactic signal regulation unit includes the following components: sodium alginate 2%, carrageenan 1%, glycerol 0.5%, acetic acid 1%, acetaldehyde 0.1%, ethanol 1%, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine 1%, and the balance being deionized water. The dynamic signal driving unit includes the following components: ammonium bicarbonate 60%; ammonium carbonate 20%; tartaric acid 19%; and magnesium stearate 1%. The specific steps are the same as in Example 1, and the components are added and filled in sequence according to the above components and proportions.

[0092] Example 5 The mosquito-attracting module prepared in this embodiment follows the same steps as in Example 1, except that the shell of the mosquito-attracting module is injection molded using a composite functional masterbatch containing phase change material (shell material + 20% phase change material masterbatch injection molded shell). The phase change material is a microencapsulated paraffin-based phase change material with a phase change temperature of 30°C, a latent heat of 180 J / g, and a particle size of 10~20 μm. The shell material is polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).

[0093] Comparative Example 1 The mosquito-attracting module prepared in this comparative example is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that only the first cavity is filled with a volatile composition that attracts mosquitoes, while the second cavity is not filled.

[0094] Comparative Example 2 The mosquito-attracting module prepared in this comparative example is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that only the second cavity is filled with a composition that can generate a directional jet of gas with a preset momentum, and the first cavity is not filled.

[0095] Comparative Example 3 The mosquito-attracting module prepared in this comparative example uses the same filling material as in Example 1. The geometric coupling factor of the mosquito-attracting module's geometric layout is also different. The value is 1, which is outside the aforementioned range (0.01≤ ≤0.35).

[0096] For the mosquito-attracting modules prepared in Examples 1-3, an infrared gas sensor array was used to collect spatial gas concentration data at multiple points, and a flow velocity measurement device was used to determine the plume velocity field distribution. The test conditions were: temperature: 26±1℃, relative humidity: 50±5%, ambient wind speed: <0.05 m / s, and test space: a 1 m³ sealed test chamber. The specific test methods are as follows: (1) Release kinetics test: Record the change of kinetic gas concentration over time, convert the instantaneous release rate function Q(t), and calculate the peak release rate and half-life t1 / 2.

[0097] (2) Spatial concentration field determination: Sampling points were set up at different locations (0 cm, 10 cm, 30 cm, 50 cm) from the release source, and a concentration distribution function C(r,z,t) was constructed. The effective induction volume V was calculated with the kinetic gas concentration being higher than 400 ppm as the threshold. (V is the spatial integral volume that satisfies C(r,z,t) ≥ 400 ppm) (3) Flow dynamics measurement: Measure the velocity v of the central axis of the plume, calculate the momentum flux J, and evaluate the flow stability.

[0098] (4) Mass transfer performance evaluation: Based on the concentration gradient and characteristic length, the mass transfer capacity parameters are calculated to characterize the relative contributions of convective mass transfer and diffusion mass transfer.

[0099] (5) Dynamic gas coupling analysis: By synchronously detecting the concentration distribution of volatile odor components, the degree of spatial overlap between the odor signal and the dynamic gas signal is calculated to obtain the coupling index ξ.

[0100] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0101] Table 1. Performance Test Table of Mosquito Attracting Module

[0102] As shown in Table 1, the mosquito-attracting modules prepared in Examples 1-3 can all form highly coherent composite gas plumes in their external space, creating a gas distribution with a concentration gradient outside the module. Specifically, the mosquito-attracting module prepared in Example 1 forms a continuous and stable laminar flow plume structure, with a high degree of overlap between odor and kinetic gas distribution, making it suitable for stable indoor attraction scenarios. The mosquito-attracting module prepared in Example 2 exhibits high release intensity and plume flow, forming a pulsed diffusion structure that significantly improves long-distance attraction capabilities, making it suitable for outdoor environments. The mosquito-attracting module prepared in Example 3 is dominated by odor signals, with kinetic gas providing auxiliary transport, demonstrating high spatial synergy and stable release characteristics.

[0103] Furthermore, to verify the enhanced mosquito-attracting effect of the mosquito-attracting module proposed in this application based on the formed composite gas plume, the mosquito-attracting modules prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were tested. The test environment was: simulated indoor space (1.5 m × 1.5 m × 2 m), temperature: 26±1℃, relative humidity: 60±5%, mosquito species: Culexpiiens, mosquito number: 100 mosquitoes per group (female mosquitoes, starved for 12 hours), test time: 12 hours, device: wind-suction mosquito trapping device (uniform model). The test method is as follows: (1) Release 100 mosquitoes into the test space; (2) Turn on the mosquito attractant and run it for 2 hours; (3) Count the number of mosquitoes captured; (4) Repeat the experiment 3 times and take the average value.

[0104] The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0105]

[0106] As shown in Table 2, compared with Comparative Example 1, the mosquito-attracting modules prepared in Examples 1-3 showed a significant increase in capture rate (approximately 2-3 times), indicating that the CO2 dynamic signal has a significant enhancing effect on mosquito attraction. Compared with Comparative Example 2, the mosquito-attracting modules prepared in Examples 1-3 also showed a significant increase in capture rate, indicating that the odor signal plays a key guiding role in the chemotaxis process of mosquitoes. Compared with Comparative Example 3, the mosquito-attracting modules prepared in Examples 1-3 still have a significant advantage, indicating that the dual-cavity structure and directional plume control of the mosquito-attracting module proposed in this application are the core technical factors for improving mosquito attraction efficiency. Combining the aforementioned test results, the mosquito-attracting module prepared in Example 2 showed the highest capture rate (73%), verifying the advantage of high-momentum plumes in long-distance attraction; the mosquito-attracting module prepared in Example 3 had the highest coupling index (ξ=0.79), verifying the advantage of the odor-dominated system in stable attraction.

[0107] Furthermore, the capture rate of the mosquito-attracting modules prepared in Examples 1 and 5 was tested at different time periods. The specific steps are as follows: (1) Experimental subjects: the mosquito-attracting module prepared in Example 1 and the mosquito-attracting module prepared in Example 5.

[0108] (2) Simulated environment: 24-hour circulating temperature-controlled chamber, simulating typical outdoor day-night temperature difference: 0:00 - 08:00 (early morning low temperature): constant temperature 25℃; 08:00 - 16:00 (Peak sunshine): Temperature rises from 25℃ to 40℃ and then drops to 35℃; 16:00 - 24:00 (peak mosquito season): Temperature drops from 35℃ to 25℃.

[0109] (3) Test indicators: The mosquito-attracting modules prepared in Example 5 and Example 1 were placed in the simulated temperature for 24 hours the day before the test, and were put into the test environment at 0:00 on the test day; 100 mosquitoes were released into the test space; the segmented capture rate (repeated 3 times and the average value was taken) and the cumulative mass loss (consumption) in 24 hours.

[0110] The test results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.

[0111] Table 3. Comparison of 24-hour capture rate by segment

[0112] Table 4. 24-hour load consumption (weight loss)

[0113] As shown in Table 3, there is a significant difference in the capture rate of the mosquito-attracting modules prepared in Example 1 and Example 5 at low temperatures in the early morning, indicating that the phase change material has the characteristic of heat energy translation across day and night. At the peak of high temperature during the day, the capture rate of the mosquito-attracting module prepared in Example 1 is higher than that in Example 5, indicating that the mosquito-attracting module prepared in Example 1 releases heat explosively under high temperature conditions. Although the capture rate is improved in the short term, it also means a great waste. In contrast, the mosquito-attracting module prepared in Example 5 can absorb heat and control the temperature due to the presence of the phase change material, resulting in a more stable release. During the golden period of trapping in the evening, the capture rate of the mosquito-attracting module prepared in Example 5 is significantly higher than that in Example 1, indicating that the phase change material releases the stored heat energy during the day, and the shell is warmer than the environment, forming "thermal induction".

[0114] Further analysis of Table 4 reveals that, at midday at 40°C, the mosquito-attracting module prepared in Example 1 experienced a burst release of bait due to the lack of temperature control, resulting in a cumulative loss of 1.80 g over 24 hours. In contrast, the mosquito-attracting module prepared in Example 5 effectively suppressed the release rate at high temperatures by utilizing the phase change endothermic properties of phase change materials, achieving a bait consumption of only 41.7% of the standard version, significantly extending the product's effectiveness outdoors.

[0115] During the prime mosquito-catching period after 4:00 PM, the ambient temperature begins to drop. At this time, the capture rate of the mosquito-attracting module prepared in Example 5 (33% during the prime mosquito-catching period and 22% in the early morning) far exceeds that of the mosquito-attracting module prepared in Example 1 (24% during the prime mosquito-catching period and 11% in the early morning). The mechanism is that the phase change material slowly releases the latent heat stored during the day, so that the shell of the mosquito-attracting module prepared in Example 5 maintains a "biological temperature difference" that is slightly higher than the environment, providing additional thermal attraction; at the same time, the stable internal temperature maintains the gas production dynamics of carbon dioxide, ensuring that the coherence of the composite plume does not collapse due to the cooling of the environment.

[0116] In summary, by introducing a phase change material shell, the mosquito-attracting module prepared in Example 5 has achieved a technological leap from "passively controlled environment" to "actively adaptive environment," significantly improving the trapping efficiency in outdoor open spaces without increasing additional energy input.

[0117] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the technical concept of this application and the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A mosquito-attracting module, characterized in that, include: At least one chemotactic signal modulation unit is used to release a first gas containing chemotactic signal molecules; At least one power signal drive unit is used to release a second gas, which has chemotactic induction effect and can provide kinetic load; The second gas release generates a directional jet with a preset momentum. The directional jet actively encapsulates the first gas and guides its diffusion within a local physical interference region outside the mosquito-attracting module through the entrainment effect, thereby hindering the natural diffusion of the first gas and forcing it into the core region of the directional jet, thus forming a highly coherent composite gas plume in the space outside the mosquito-attracting module.

2. The mosquito-attracting module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The chemotactic signal modulation unit includes at least one first cavity, the first cavity including at least one first release port connected to the first cavity, the first cavity being used to contain a volatile composition having a mosquito-attracting effect, and the first release port being used to release the first gas. The power signal drive unit includes at least one second cavity, the second cavity includes at least one second release port connected to the second cavity, the second cavity is used to contain a composition of gas that can generate a directional jet release with a preset momentum when released, and the second release port is used to release the second gas; Wherein, the first release port and the second release port have a central geometric distance; When the second gas is released from the second release port, the resulting airflow generates a pressure gradient difference in a certain area above the first release port through the entrainment effect. This causes the first gas to be driven by the pressure gradient difference as it leaves the first release port, moving towards the radial central axis of the directional jet and forming a composite gas plume in the external space of the mosquito-attracting module.

3. The mosquito-attracting module as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The geometric layout of the mosquito-attracting module satisfies the geometric coupling factor. Its value ranges from 0.01 to 0.35; The Calculate using the following formula: ； Where L is the center geometric distance between the first release port and the second release port, d is the aperture of the second release port, and D is the equivalent diameter corresponding to the top vertical projection area of ​​the mosquito-attracting module.

4. The mosquito-attracting module as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The release kinetic index n of the mosquito-attracting module tot The value is 0.45~0.65; The release behavior of the mosquito-attracting module satisfies the following dynamic model: M t / M s = K·t n M t M represents the cumulative release at time t. s Let K be the total amount that can be released by the system in the end, K be the release rate constant, and n be the release kinetic exponent. Preferably, the release kinetic index n of the chemotactic signal regulation unit a The value is 0.3~0.6; The release dynamic index n of the power signal drive unit b The value is 0.4~0.

95.

5. The mosquito-attracting module as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The volatile composition with mosquito-attracting effect comprises the following components by mass fraction: Organic acids 0.05%~1%, carbonyl compounds 0.001%~0.1%, alcohols 0.005%~1%, aromatic heterocyclic compounds 0.001%~1%, with the balance being a slow-release matrix.

6. The mosquito-attracting module as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The organic acid is selected from one or more of acetic acid, octanoic acid, lactic acid, nonanoic acid, pyruvic acid, and acetic acid; The carbonyl compound is selected from one or more of nonanal, octanal, 3-octanone, decanal, acetone, and butanone; The alcohol compound is selected from one or more of 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, linalool, and phenethyl alcohol; The aromatic heterocyclic compounds include one or more selected from pyrazine compounds, pyridine compounds, indole compounds and their derivatives; The sustained-release matrix is ​​selected from one or more of the following: liquid aqueous phase system, gel network system, solid porous carrier system, phase change regulation system, hygroscopic response system and osmotic pressure driven system.

7. The mosquito-attracting module as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The composition of the gas that can generate a directional jet with a predetermined momentum upon release comprises the following components by mass fraction: Active gas-generating components: 80%–99%; Physical damping carrier: 1%–20%; The physical damping carrier regulates the water permeation rate of the active gas-producing component and the release path of the second gas.

8. The mosquito-attracting module as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The active gas-producing components include bicarbonates and / or carbonates, and weak acids; The bicarbonate is selected from one or more of sodium bicarbonate and ammonium bicarbonate; The carbonate is selected from one or more of sodium carbonate, ammonium carbonate, potassium carbonate, and calcium carbonate; The weak acid is selected from one or more of lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, hexanoic acid, caprylic acid, hydrogen sulfate, and dihydrogen phosphate. The physical damping carrier is selected from one or more of modified starch, silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, and light calcium carbonate.

9. The mosquito-attracting module as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The mosquito-attracting module also includes a housing and an activation component, wherein the activation component, the chemotactic signal modulation unit, and the power signal driving unit are disposed in the housing; The activation component is configured to trigger the chemotactic signal modulation unit to release the first gas and the power signal drive unit to release the second gas through at least one of mechanical action, electrical signal, magnetic force or chemical action.

10. The mosquito-attracting module as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The shell is coupled to the phase change material; the phase change temperature range of the phase change material is 25~40℃; preferably, the phase change temperature range of the phase change material is 28~34℃. The housing is configured to absorb heat when the ambient temperature exceeds the phase transition temperature to stabilize the chemical release rate in the first and second cavities, and to release latent heat when the ambient temperature decreases to provide a thermal induction signal that simulates biological body temperature. The shell and the phase change material are coupled in the following ways: The shell is integrally formed using a composite functional masterbatch containing the phase change material, through injection molding or extrusion; or... The surface of the housing is provided with a functional coating containing the phase change material; or... The inner cavity of the shell is provided with a phase change material layer or phase change material assembly that is fitted to its inner wall; or, The shell has a multi-layer structure, and the phase change material is filled or encapsulated in its interlayer. The phase change material is selected from one or more of organic phase change materials, inorganic phase change materials, or composite phase change materials; Preferably, the phase change material is an organic phase change material; More preferably, the phase change material is selected from one or more of alkane-based phase change materials and fatty acid-based phase change materials; More preferably, the phase change material is a microcapsule-based paraffin phase change material, and the phase change material has a microcapsule structure or a shape-stable structure.

11. A mosquito-attracting device, characterized in that, Includes the mosquito-attracting module as described in any one of claims 1 to 10; The mosquito attracting device is selected from active mosquito attracting devices and / or passive mosquito attracting devices; The active mosquito attractor attracts target insects by generating one or more of the following: light signals, odor signals, airflow signals, or heat signals. The passive mosquito attractor intercepts or captures target insects through physical capture or adhesion.

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