A bulldozer dual-purpose shovel structure and method of use

Abstract

The application provides a bulldozer earth-pushing and earth-transporting dual-purpose shovel structure and a use method, relates to the technical field of engineering machinery accessories, and comprises a supporting arm, one end of the supporting arm is fixedly connected with a bottom plate, the top of the bottom plate is symmetrically fixedly connected with two side plates, the top of the supporting arm is fixedly connected with a second oil cylinder seat, the inner side wall of the second oil cylinder seat is hingedly connected with a second oil cylinder, one end of the supporting arm is provided with a connecting hole, the top of the supporting arm is symmetrically fixedly connected with two first oil cylinder supports, the inner side wall of the first oil cylinder support is provided with a first oil cylinder, and one end of the first oil cylinder is fixedly connected with a shovel blade. The first oil cylinder drives the shovel blade to move forward and backward, so that the shovel blade can be used as an independent earth-pushing shovel blade to perform normal earth-pushing operation and can be moved backward to a closed shovel container surrounded by the bottom plate and the side plates, so that the bulldozer is temporarily changed into an earth-transporting device, and a loading vehicle is not additionally provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering machinery attachments, and in particular to a bulldozer shovel structure and method of use for both bulldozing and soil transport. Background Technology

[0002] Bulldozers, as core equipment in earthmoving engineering, are mainly used for pushing, leveling, and backfilling materials. Their front blades are typically fixed or only adjustable in pitch angle, relying on the machine's thrust to push materials forward. However, this method has several drawbacks: material continuously spills to the sides of the blades during the pushing process, limiting the actual pushing distance; efficiency drops sharply when the transport distance exceeds 30 meters. To complete short-distance transport, operators often need to push repeatedly, returning empty after each trip, resulting in most of the engine's power being wasted on ineffective driving, leading to poor fuel economy.

[0003] Therefore, a dual-purpose bulldozer shovel structure and usage method are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a structure and method of using a bulldozer shovel that can be used for both bulldozing and soil transport, so as to solve or alleviate the technical problems existing in the prior art, or at least provide a beneficial alternative.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: a bulldozer shovel structure and method of use, comprising a support arm, a base plate fixedly connected to one end of the support arm, two side plates symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the base plate, a second cylinder seat fixedly connected to the top of the support arm, a second cylinder hinged to the inner side wall of the second cylinder seat, a connecting hole provided at one end of the support arm, two first cylinder supports symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the support arm, a first cylinder installed on the inner side wall of the first cylinder support, and a blade fixedly connected to one end of the first cylinder.

[0006] A further preferred embodiment: the back surface of the shovel is provided with a connecting flange, the piston rod end of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the shovel through the flange, and the two sides of the shovel are clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the side plate.

[0007] A further preferred embodiment: when the first hydraulic cylinder is fully extended, the blade moves to the foremost end of the base plate, and the blade, side plate, and base plate form a bulldozing structure with an open front end; when the first hydraulic cylinder is fully retracted, the blade moves to the rearmost end of the base plate, and the blade, side plate, and base plate form a bucket soil-carrying structure with a closed rear end and an open front end.

[0008] A further preferred embodiment: the two side plates are symmetrically and vertically fixed to the top of the base plate, the height of the side plates matches the height of the scraper, and the length of the side plates is the same as the length of the base plate.

[0009] A further preferred embodiment: the support arms are two symmetrically arranged, and the two support arms are fixedly connected to the back of the base plate in a parallel and symmetrical manner.

[0010] A further preferred embodiment: the piston rod end of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the bulldozer body.

[0011] A further preferred embodiment: the base plate is a flat steel plate structure, and the front end of the base plate is chamfered.

[0012] A further preferred embodiment: the shovel acts as a rear baffle to completely seal the rear end gap between the bottom plate and the side plate.

[0013] A method for using a bulldozer's dual-purpose (bulldozing and soil-moving) shovel structure, applicable to the bulldozer's dual-purpose (bulldozing and soil-moving) shovel structure, includes the following steps: S1. During bulldozing operations, control the first hydraulic cylinder to extend and push the blade to the frontmost position, so that the blade can be used as a bulldozer blade to perform bulldozing operations. S2. When transporting soil, control the first hydraulic cylinder to retract and pull the blade to the last end, so that the blade acts as a rear baffle, which together with the bottom plate and the two side plates forms the bucket container. S3. With the blade in the rear baffle position, the bulldozer pushes the soil forward, filling the bucket formed by the bottom plate, side plates, and blade. S4. Control the second hydraulic cylinder to retract or extend, driving the entire shovel structure to swing upward, raising the bucket filled with soil to the transport height for soil transportation operations.

[0014] A further preferred embodiment includes, after step S4, a soil unloading step: controlling the second hydraulic cylinder to reverse its movement, lowering the bucket to the soil unloading position, and then controlling the first hydraulic cylinder to extend and push the blade forward, using the blade to push the soil in the bucket forward and unload it.

[0015] The embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages due to the adoption of the above technical solutions: I. This invention drives the blade to move back and forth via a first hydraulic cylinder, enabling the blade to function as an independent bulldozer blade for conventional bulldozing operations, or to move backward to form a closed bucket container with the base plate and side plates, thereby temporarily converting the bulldozer into a soil transport device without the need for an additional loading vehicle.

[0016] Second, in the soil transport mode of this invention, the bulldozer only needs to push and fill the bucket with soil once, and then lift the bucket through the second hydraulic cylinder for short-distance transport, avoiding the energy waste caused by the repeated pushing and multiple empty runs of traditional bulldozers.

[0017] Third, the driver only needs to control the extension and retraction of the first and second hydraulic cylinders to switch between bulldozing and soil transport modes without stopping the machine to disassemble or install any parts, thus improving construction efficiency.

[0018] Fourth, when unloading soil, the present invention can push the shovel forward through the first hydraulic cylinder, and use the shovel itself as a pusher to push the soil in the bucket forward, so as to unload the soil thoroughly and avoid the accumulation of sticky soil on the bottom plate.

[0019] The above overview is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features of the invention will become readily apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the bulldozing mode of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the soil transport mode of the present invention.

[0022] Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Shovel blade; 2. Side plate; 4. First hydraulic cylinder; 5. First hydraulic cylinder support; 6. Support arm; 7. Connecting hole; 8. Second hydraulic cylinder seat; 9. Base plate; 10. Second hydraulic cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0023] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Example 1 like Figures 1-3As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a bulldozer shovel structure and usage method, including a support arm 6, a base plate 9 fixedly connected to one end of the support arm 6, two side plates 2 symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the base plate 9, a second cylinder seat 8 fixedly connected to the top of the support arm 6, a second cylinder 10 hinged to the inner side wall of the second cylinder seat 8, a connecting hole 7 provided at one end of the support arm 6, two first cylinder supports 5 symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the support arm 6, a first cylinder 4 installed on the inner side wall of the first cylinder support 5, and a blade 1 fixedly connected to one end of the first cylinder 4.

[0026] The outrigger 6 serves as the load-bearing frame, with one end hinged to the bulldozer main frame via a connecting hole 7, and the other end fixed to the base plate 9. The base plate 9 and the side plates 2 on both sides form a U-shaped open structure. A first cylinder support 5 (for mounting the first cylinder 4) and a second cylinder seat 8 (for mounting the second cylinder 10) are respectively provided above the outrigger 6. The first cylinder 4 directly drives the blade 1 to move back and forth, and the piston rod of the second cylinder 10 is hinged to the bulldozer frame, used for raising or lowering the blade structure as a whole.

[0027] In this embodiment, specifically: a flange is provided on the back of the blade 1, and a matching flange is also provided at the end of the piston rod of the first cylinder 4. The two are fixed by bolts to ensure reliable force transmission. A small gap (about 2-5mm) is maintained between the left and right edges of the blade 1 and the inner wall of the side plate 2, which allows for free sliding while preventing leakage of fine materials. The flange connection facilitates disassembly and maintenance and can withstand the large axial force during bulldozing.

[0028] In this embodiment, specifically: when the first hydraulic cylinder 4 is fully extended, the blade 1 moves to the foremost end of the base plate 9, forming a bulldozing structure with an open front end together with the side plate 2 and the base plate 9; when the first hydraulic cylinder 4 is fully retracted, the blade 1 moves to the rearmost end of the base plate 9, forming a bucket-type soil-carrying structure with a closed rear end and an open front end together with the side plate 2 and the base plate 9. When the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 4 is fully extended, the blade 1 is pushed to the foremost end of the base plate 9 (i.e., the end furthest from the support arm 6). At this time, the blade 1, the base plate 9, and the two side plates 2 form a structure with an open front end and a blade back plate at the rear end. The material is pushed forward by the blade 1 from the front, which is the conventional bulldozing operation state. When the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 4 is fully retracted, the blade 1 is pulled to the rearmost end of the base plate 9 (the end closest to the support arm 6). At this time, the blade 1 closes the rear opening of the base plate 9 and the side plate 2, forming a box-shaped bucket with an open front end together with the base plate 9 and the side plate 2. As the bulldozer moves forward, material enters the bucket from the front and is blocked by the rear blade 1, thus filling the bucket. Blade 1 serves as both a bulldozer blade and a rear baffle for the bucket; its function can be switched simply by changing its front-to-back position, without the need for additional components.

[0029] In this embodiment, specifically: two side plates 2 are symmetrically and vertically fixed to the top of the base plate 9. The height of the side plates 2 matches the height of the blade 1, and the length of the side plates 2 is the same as the length of the base plate 9. The matching height can prevent material leakage from above or below when transporting soil, and the consistent length ensures that the blade 1 has side plates guiding it on both sides throughout its stroke, preventing it from tilting.

[0030] In this embodiment, specifically: two symmetrically arranged support arms 6 are fixedly connected to the back of the base plate 9 in parallel and symmetrical manner. The double support arm structure improves the torsional stiffness, ensuring that the blade 1 is subjected to uniform force during bulldozing, and avoiding deformation of the base plate 9 due to unilateral load. At the same time, the first hydraulic cylinders 4 on the two support arms 6 can extend and retract synchronously, ensuring that the blade 1 moves horizontally without tilting.

[0031] In this embodiment, specifically: the piston rod end of the second hydraulic cylinder 10 is hinged to the bulldozer body. The connecting hole 7 is the hinge point between the shovel structure and the bulldozer frame. The second hydraulic cylinder 10 serves as a lifting cylinder. When the piston rod extends, the shovel structure swings downward, causing the bottom plate 9 to contact the ground or cut into the soil; when the piston rod retracts, the shovel structure lifts upward, causing the bucket to leave the ground and enter the soil-carrying walking state.

[0032] In this embodiment, specifically: the base plate 9 is a flat steel plate structure, and the front end of the base plate 9 is chamfered. The base plate 9 is made of wear-resistant steel plate. The chamfer is used to reduce the cutting resistance when bulldozing or loading soil, so that the base plate can be smoothly inserted into the bottom of the material, while avoiding the sharp corner at the front end from colliding with stones and breaking.

[0033] In this embodiment, specifically: the scraper 1 acts as a rear baffle to completely seal the rear end gap between the bottom plate 9 and the side plate 2. A rubber sealing strip or a metal scraper can be installed on the edge of the scraper 1 to further improve the sealing performance.

[0034] A method for using a bulldozer's dual-purpose (bulldozing and soil-moving) shovel structure, applicable to the bulldozer's dual-purpose (bulldozing and soil-moving) shovel structure, includes the following steps: S1. During bulldozing, control the first hydraulic cylinder 4 to extend and push the blade 1 to the front end, so that the blade 1 can be used as a bulldozer blade to carry out bulldozing operations. S2. When transporting soil, control the first hydraulic cylinder 4 to retract and pull the blade 1 to the last end, so that the blade 1 acts as a rear baffle, which together with the bottom plate 9 and the two side plates 2 forms the bucket container. S3. With the blade 1 in the rear baffle position, the bulldozer pushes the soil forward, filling the bucket formed by the bottom plate 9, side plates 2 and blade 1. S4. Control the second hydraulic cylinder 10 to retract or extend, drive the entire shovel structure to swing upward, lift the bucket filled with soil to the transportation height, and carry out soil transportation operations.

[0035] In this embodiment, specifically: after step S4, there is also a soil unloading step: control the second hydraulic cylinder 10 to reverse the action, lower the bucket to the soil unloading position, and then control the first hydraulic cylinder 4 to extend and push the blade 1 forward, using the blade 1 to push the soil in the bucket forward and unload it.

[0036] Example 2 This embodiment provides a bulldozer dual-purpose shovel structure for bulldozing and transporting soil, using a 160-horsepower tracked bulldozer as the mounting platform for explanation.

[0037] In this embodiment, the two support arms 6 are welded from Q355B low-alloy high-strength steel plates into a box-shaped section, with a length of 1200mm and a wall thickness of 12mm. One end of the support arm 6 has a connecting hole 7, which is hinged to the bulldozer main frame by a pin. The other end of the support arm 6 is welded and fixed to the back of the base plate 9.

[0038] The base plate 9 is made of 16mm thick NM400 wear-resistant steel plate, 1800mm long and 1000mm wide. The front end of the base plate 9 is machined with a 30° chamfer, and the chamfered surface is overlaid with a chromium carbide wear-resistant layer. Two side plates 2 are symmetrically welded to the top of the base plate 9. The side plates 2 are made of 12mm thick Q355B steel plate, 600mm high and 1800mm long, and are welded perpendicularly to the base plate 9. Triangular reinforcing ribs are set between the two.

[0039] The second cylinder seat 8, made of cast steel, is welded to the top of the outrigger 6. The second cylinder 10 is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, with the cylinder body hinged to the second cylinder seat 8 and the piston rod hinged to the support on the bulldozer front frame.

[0040] Two first cylinder supports 5 are symmetrically welded to the top of the support arm 6. They are also made of cast steel. The cylinder body end of the first cylinder 4 is hinged to the first cylinder support 5. The piston rod end is welded to a flange and fixedly connected to the flange on the back of the blade 1 by 6 high-strength bolts.

[0041] The blade 1 is made of NM400 wear-resistant steel plate, bent into shape, with a wall thickness of 20mm, a height of 600mm, and a width of 1050mm. A 2mm gap is reserved between the two sides of the blade 1 and the inner wall of the side plate 2, and a polyurethane sealing strip is embedded therein to ensure sliding and prevent soil leakage.

[0042] The height of side plate 2 is 600mm, which is the same as the height of blade 1. When the first hydraulic cylinder 4 is fully retracted, the back of blade 1 is in close contact with the front limit block of support arm 6, the bottom of blade 1 is in contact with the upper surface of base plate 9, and the two sides are in contact with the sealing strip of side plate 2, completely sealing the rear opening.

[0043] The first cylinder 4 and the second cylinder 10 share the bulldozer's original hydraulic system, and are independently controlled via a three-position four-way manual directional valve in the cab. A two-way hydraulic lock is added to the hydraulic circuit of the first cylinder 4 to prevent the blade 1 from accidentally moving forward while transporting soil. A balance valve is added to the hydraulic circuit of the second cylinder 10 to ensure that the bucket does not fall naturally after being raised.

[0044] During bulldozing operations, the operator operates the reversing valve of the first hydraulic cylinder 4 to the extended position, fully extending the cylinder and moving the blade 1 to the foremost position of the base plate 9. Then, the operator operates the reversing valve of the second hydraulic cylinder 10 to the extended position, causing the front chamfer of the base plate 9 to touch the ground, propelling the bulldozer forward and pushing the material with the blade 1.

[0045] After reversing or standing still, operate the directional valve of the first hydraulic cylinder 4 to the retracted position. The cylinder will fully retract, and the blade 1 will move to the rearmost position, sealing the rear. Then, the bulldozer will move forward at low speed, and the material will enter the bucket formed by the bottom plate 9, side plates 2, and blade 1 from the front. Since the blade 1 acts as a rear baffle, the material cannot be lost. After continuously pushing and filling for about 10m, the bucket will be full.

[0046] Operate the directional valve of the second cylinder 10 to the retracted position, retracting the cylinder 350mm, lifting the entire shovel structure upwards. Drive the bulldozer to the unloading point, then operate the second cylinder 10 to extend, allowing the bucket to land. Then operate the first cylinder 4 to extend, moving the blade 1 forward to push the material in the bucket forward.

[0047] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the invention, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of the invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A bulldozer shovel structure and method of use, comprising a support arm (6), characterized in that: One end of the support arm (6) is fixedly connected to a base plate (9), and two side plates (2) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the base plate (9). A second cylinder seat (8) is fixedly connected to the top of the support arm (6), and a second cylinder (10) is hinged to the inner wall of the second cylinder seat (8). A connection hole (7) is provided at one end of the support arm (6), and two first cylinder supports (5) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the support arm (6). A first cylinder (4) is installed on the inner wall of the first cylinder support (5), and a shovel (1) is fixedly connected to one end of the first cylinder (4).

2. The structure and method of using a bulldozer shovel for both bulldozing and hauling soil as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The back plane of the shovel (1) is provided with a connecting flange. The piston rod end of the first oil cylinder (4) is fixedly connected to the shovel (1) through the flange. The two sides of the shovel (1) are fitted with the inner wall of the side plate (2) with clearance.

3. The structure and method of using a bulldozer shovel for both bulldozing and hauling soil as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When the first hydraulic cylinder (4) is fully extended, the blade (1) moves to the front end of the bottom plate (9), and the blade (1), side plate (2) and bottom plate (9) form a bulldozing structure with an open front end; when the first hydraulic cylinder (4) is fully retracted, the blade (1) moves to the rear end of the bottom plate (9), and the blade (1), side plate (2) and bottom plate (9) form a bucket soil transport structure with a closed rear end and an open front end.

4. The structure and method of using a bulldozer shovel for both bulldozing and hauling soil as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The two side plates (2) are symmetrically and vertically fixed to the top of the base plate (9). The height of the side plate (2) matches the height of the shovel (1), and the length of the side plate (2) is the same as the length of the base plate (9).

5. The structure and method of using a bulldozer shovel for both bulldozing and soil transport according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two support arms (6) are symmetrically arranged and are fixedly connected to the back of the base plate (9) in parallel and symmetrical manner.

6. The structure and method of using a bulldozer shovel for both bulldozing and hauling soil as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The piston rod end of the second cylinder (10) is hinged to the bulldozer body.

7. The structure and method of using a bulldozer shovel for both bulldozing and hauling soil as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate (9) is a planar steel plate structure, and the front end of the base plate (9) is chamfered.

8. The structure and method of using a bulldozer shovel for both bulldozing and soil transport according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shovel (1) serves as a rear baffle to completely close the rear end gap between the bottom plate (9) and the side plate (2).

9. A method of using a bulldozer soil-moving and earth-moving dual-purpose shovel structure, applied to the bulldozer soil-moving and earth-moving dual-purpose shovel structure according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. During bulldozing, control the first oil cylinder (4) to extend and push the shovel (1) to the front end so that the shovel (1) can be used as a bulldozer blade for bulldozing. S2. When transporting soil, control the first oil cylinder (4) to retract and pull the shovel (1) to the last end so that the shovel (1) acts as a rear baffle, which together with the bottom plate (9) and the two side plates (2) forms the bucket container. S3. With the blade (1) in the rear baffle position, the bulldozer pushes the soil forward, filling the bucket formed by the bottom plate (9), side plate (2) and blade (1). S4. Control the second oil cylinder (10) to retract or extend, drive the entire shovel structure to swing upward, lift the bucket filled with soil to the transportation height, and carry out soil transportation operations.

10. The structure and method of using a bulldozer shovel for both bulldozing and transporting soil as described in claim 9, characterized in that, After step S4, the unloading step is also included: control the second cylinder (10) to reverse the action, lower the bucket to the unloading position, and then control the first cylinder (4) to extend and push the blade (1) forward, using the blade (1) to push the soil in the bucket forward and unload it.

Images