A black soil soil layering sampling detection device

Abstract

The application discloses a black soil layering sampling detection device and belongs to the technical field of soil sampling, which comprises a vertical rack, one side end face of which is fixed with an assembly plate, and the other side end face of the vertical rack is vertically and symmetrically fixed with a slide rail, and the slide rail is vertically and slidably connected with a fixing frame; a soil drilling unit is installed on the fixing frame, and an outer drill pipe is vertically connected below the soil drilling unit; a sample tube is coaxially connected in the outer drill pipe; a soil sampling device is installed below the vertical rack and below the soil drilling unit; in the application, the soil drilling unit can rotate the outer drill pipe into the black soil by using a soil sampling ring knife, and the sample tube is installed in the outer drill pipe and used for soil sampling; after sampling is completed, the sample tube can slide upward relative to the outer drill pipe, and the soil in the sample tube is loosened by using a loosening device, so that different layering soils can be sampled and collected by using the inner channel of the soil sampling device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of soil sampling technology, specifically a soil stratification sampling and testing device for black soil. Background Technology

[0002] Black soil (represented by the black soil region of Northeast my country) is characterized by high organic matter content, loose and porous soil, and good aggregate structure, making it a valuable agricultural resource. However, the winters in black soil regions are long and cold, with seasonal freezing of the middle and deep soil layers, reaching depths of 1-2 meters. During the spring thaw, the soil has low hardness but strong cohesion. Conventional auger or direct-pressure circular tube sampling requires first removing the entire soil column, then manually cutting or scraping different soil layers, which is cumbersome and time-consuming. Furthermore, seasonally frozen soil and deep hard soil in black soil easily clog the drill pipe, making them difficult to remove. An additional pusher is needed to forcefully push them out, causing the upper and lower soil layers to be squeezed and mixed, making subsequent identification and testing of each soil layer difficult. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a black soil stratification sampling and testing device to solve the problems mentioned in the background. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a black soil stratification sampling and testing device, comprising: a vertical frame with an assembly plate fixed on one end face, and a slide rail vertically and symmetrically fixed on the other end face of the vertical frame, with a fixed frame vertically slidably connected to the slide rail; a soil drilling unit installed on the fixed frame, with an outer drilling pipe vertically connected below the soil drilling unit; a sample tube coaxially connected inside the outer drilling pipe; and a soil sampling device installed on the lower side of the vertical frame and located below the soil drilling unit, with the outer drilling pipe penetrating and connected to the soil sampling device, and a soil discharge seat sealed and inclined downward on one side of the soil sampling device.

[0004] Preferably, a guide rail is horizontally fixed on the fixed frame, the soil drilling unit is slidably mounted on the guide rail, a hydraulic telescopic rod is horizontally fixed on the fixed frame, one end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is connected to the soil drilling unit; and a guide rod is vertically fixed on the outer wall of the soil sampling device, the other end of the guide rod is slidably connected to the vertical frame.

[0005] Preferably, the drilling unit includes: a rotary drum seat mounted on the fixed frame, with an outer sleeve vertically fixed to the lower end face of the rotary drum seat; a rotating sleeve rotatably disposed within the outer sleeve, with the outer drill pipe coaxially fixed within the rotating sleeve; an upper bracket fixed above the rotary drum seat, with a bearing seat fixed within the upper bracket, and the upper end of the outer drill pipe extending into and connecting to the bearing seat; and a soil sampling ring cutter fixed to the lower end of the outer drill pipe.

[0006] Preferably, a rotary motor is provided on the outside of the outer sleeve, and the output end of the rotary motor is connected to the rotating sleeve through gear meshing; a lead screw is vertically rotatably connected in the vertical frame, and the fixed frame is threadedly slidably connected to the lead screw.

[0007] Preferably, a drive seat is installed above the upper support, the sample tube is vertically slidably connected through the drive seat, a threaded steel sleeve is vertically rotatably connected inside the drive seat, and the sample tube is threadedly connected to the threaded steel sleeve; elastic valves are distributed circumferentially on the inner wall of the lower end of the sample tube.

[0008] Preferably, the upper sidewall of the outer drill pipe is provided with a soil discharge hole, and the sidewall of the sample tube is provided with several axially equidistantly distributed sub-holes; a fixing ring is also slidably provided at the lower end of the outer drill pipe, a supporting spring is provided on the fixing ring, and multiple sub-soil distributing plates are circumferentially hinged on the fixing ring, each sub-soil distributing plate is vertically fixed with a guide pin; a guide groove is provided on the sidewall of the outer drill pipe, and the guide pin is slidably connected to the guide groove; and an elastic membrane layer is provided inside the fixing ring at each sub-soil distributing plate.

[0009] Preferably, each of the dividing holes is sealed with a plastic sealing film; the drive seat is slidably connected to the upper bracket, and multiple compression springs are arranged circumferentially between the two; a shaft pressure plate is fixed to the lower end face of the drive seat, and a claw plate is hinged to the bearing seat, one end of the claw plate abutting against the shaft pressure plate; a vibration cylinder is also connected to the upper bracket, and one end of the vibration cylinder is connected to the claw plate.

[0010] Preferably, the guide groove is configured as a corrugated structure, and the lower end of the sample tube abuts against the fixing ring.

[0011] Preferably, the soil sampling device includes: a housing with an inclined inner channel inside, and a soil discharge seat sealed at the port of the inner channel; an insulation layer inside the housing and sleeved on the outside of the outer drill pipe, with a heater vertically inserted inside the insulation layer; a loading plate slidably assembled in the soil discharge seat, with channels on the loading plate; a loosening device installed on the loading plate, with a propulsion cylinder connected inside the soil discharge seat, one end of the propulsion cylinder being connected to the loading plate; and a centrifugal cam rotatably assembled in the housing and located below the insulation layer, with the outer drill pipe movably inserted into the centrifugal cam.

[0012] Preferably, the loosening device has a centrally rotatable main shaft, on which a sun gear is coaxially mounted, and multiple planet gears are distributed circumferentially within the loosening device. The planet gears mesh with the sun gear and revolve around the sun gear. Each planet gear has a centrally slidably connected sliding shaft, and one end of the sliding shaft is fixed with an extension shaft. The loosening device also has a fixed inclined guide plate, and the other end of the sliding shaft is fitted with a ball bearing, which abuts against the inclined guide plate.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: In this invention, a soil drilling unit is installed on a vertical frame. The soil drilling unit can use a soil sampling ring to rotate the outer drill pipe into the black soil. A sample tube is installed inside the outer drill pipe for soil sampling. A soil sampling device is also installed on the vertical frame. After sampling, the sample tube can slide upward relative to the outer drill pipe. During the sliding process, each of the sub-holes on the side wall of the sample tube connects with the soil discharge hole one by one. At the same time, a loosening device is used to loosen the soil in the sample tube, so as to facilitate the soil to be discharged from the soil discharge hole. Different layers of soil can be sampled and collected using the inner channel of the soil sampling device. A fixing ring is also installed inside the outer drill pipe. The fixing ring can use multiple circumferentially distributed soil dividing plates to radially shear and compress the corresponding layers of soil during the sampling process, so as to break the frozen soil or deep hard soil in the black soil in winter into small pieces or particles. On the one hand, it reduces drilling resistance, and on the other hand, it prevents large pieces of hard soil from clogging the sample tube, ensuring the smooth discharge of soil layers. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the soil drilling unit in this invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the drive seat in this invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the fixing ring in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the soil sampling device in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the loosening device in this invention; In the diagram: 1. Vertical frame; 11. Assembly plate; 12. Slide rail; 13. Fixing frame; 14. Guide rail; 15. Hydraulic telescopic rod; 2. Drilling unit; 21. Rotary drum seat; 22. Outer sleeve; 23. Upper support; 24. Bearing seat; 25. Soil sampling ring cutter; 26. Threaded steel sleeve; 27. Shaft pressure plate; 28. Claw plate; 29. ​​Vibration cylinder; 3. Outer drill pipe; 31. Sample tube; 32. Discharge tube 33. Soil hole; 34. Dividing hole; 35. Fixing ring; 36. Soil diverting plate; 37. Guide groove; 48. Elastic membrane layer; 49. Soil sampling device; 40. Soil discharge seat; 41. Machine casing; 42. Inner channel; 43. Insulation layer; 44. Loading plate; 45. Propulsion cylinder; 46. Centrifugal cam; 57. Loosening device; 58. Main shaft; 59. Planetary gear; 50. Sliding shaft; 51. Extended shaft; 52. Inclined guide plate. Detailed Implementation

[0015] Please see Figures 1-6 In this embodiment of the invention, a black soil stratification sampling and testing device includes: a vertical frame 1, with an assembly plate 11 fixed on one end face, and a slide rail 12 vertically and symmetrically fixed on the other end face of the vertical frame 1. A fixed frame 13 is vertically slidably connected to the slide rail 12 for assembly and fixation with an external mechanical frame; a soil drilling unit 2, installed on the fixed frame 13, with an outer drilling pipe 3 vertically connected below the soil drilling unit 2, and the soil drilling unit 2 providing rotational power to the outer drilling pipe 3; a sample tube 31, coaxially connected inside the outer drilling pipe 3 for collecting soil; and a soil sampling device 4, installed on the lower side of the vertical frame 1 and located below the soil drilling unit 2. The outer drilling pipe 3 is connected through the soil sampling device 4, and a soil discharge seat 41 is sealed and tilted downwards on one side of the soil sampling device 4 for discharging each layer of soil from the sample tube 31.

[0016] In this embodiment, a guide rail 14 is horizontally fixed on the fixed frame 13, and the soil drilling unit 2 is slidably installed on the guide rail 14. A hydraulic telescopic rod 15 is horizontally fixed on the fixed frame 13, and one end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 15 is connected to the soil drilling unit 2. A guide rod is vertically fixed on the outer wall of the soil sampling device 4, and the other end of the guide rod is slidably connected to the vertical frame 1. Thus, the horizontal movement of the soil drilling unit 2 can be achieved by utilizing the telescopic adjustment of the hydraulic telescopic rod 15, so that in shallow soil sampling (depth less than 0.5m), the sampling point can be changed, and multiple soil layer samples can be collected in the sample tube 31. Multi-point sampling can be achieved in the same area, making full use of the axial layered structure of the sample tube 31, reducing the number of times the sample tube 31 is replaced, and significantly shortening the multi-point sampling time. It is especially suitable for grid-based surveys of black soil farmland.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the drilling unit 2 includes: a rotary drum seat 21, which is mounted on the fixed frame 13, and an outer sleeve 22 is vertically fixed to the lower end face of the rotary drum seat 21; a rotating sleeve, which is rotatably disposed in the outer sleeve 22, and the outer drill pipe 3 is coaxially fixed inside the rotating sleeve; an upper bracket 23, which is fixed above the rotary drum seat 21, and a bearing seat 24 is fixed inside the upper bracket 23, and the upper end of the outer drill pipe 3 extends into and is connected to the bearing seat 24; and a soil sampling ring cutter 25, which is fixed to the lower end of the outer drill pipe 3.

[0018] In this embodiment, a rotary motor (not shown in the figure) is provided on the outside of the outer sleeve 22, and the output end of the rotary motor is connected to the rotating sleeve for transmission through gear meshing; The vertical frame 1 is vertically rotatably connected to a lead screw, and the fixed frame 13 is threadedly slidably connected to the lead screw. Specifically, the rotary motor drives the rotating sleeve to rotate, and the rotating sleeve synchronously drives the outer drill pipe 3 to rotate at high speed. Meanwhile, the lead screw drives the fixed frame 13 to move downward while rotating at a constant speed. At this time, the outer drill pipe 3 uses the soil sampling ring cutter 25 at its end to rotate and drill into the black soil. During the drilling process, the sample tube 31 collects soil samples, thereby realizing soil sampling.

[0019] In this embodiment, a drive seat is installed above the upper support 23, and the sample tube 31 is vertically slidably connected through the drive seat. A threaded steel sleeve 26 is vertically rotatably connected inside the drive seat, and the sample tube 31 is threadedly connected to the threaded steel sleeve 26. That is to say, during the rotation and drilling process of the outer drill pipe 3, the sample tube 31 does not rotate synchronously with the outer drill pipe 3, avoiding the shearing, twisting and squeezing of the sample tube 31 and the collected soil inside the pipe caused by the rotation of the sample tube 3 with the outer drill pipe 3. In particular, it protects the loose humus layer and fragile aggregate structure of the black soil surface, so that the soil column can maintain its original stratification and physical state as much as possible. After the sample tube 31 completes soil collection, the upward sliding of the sample tube 31 can be achieved by the rotation of the threaded steel sleeve 26. The inner wall of the lower end of the sample tube 31 is circumferentially distributed with elastic valves. When the sample tube 31 completes collection and moves upward relative to the outer drill pipe 3, the elastic valves can automatically close, realizing the sealing of the end of the sample tube 31 and preventing soil from falling from the bottom end of the sample tube 31.

[0020] In this embodiment, a soil discharge hole 32 is provided on the upper side wall of the outer drill pipe 3, and several sub-holes 33 are axially and equidistantly distributed on the side wall of the sample tube 31. After sampling is completed, the soil discharge hole 32 on the outer drill pipe 3 is in the soil sampling device 4. At this time, when the sample tube 31 moves upward relative to the outer drill pipe 3, each sub-hole 33 can be connected with the soil discharge hole 32 one by one, so that the corresponding layer of soil can be discharged from the sub-hole 33. In order to avoid the black soil layer interface being exactly between the sub-holes 33, which would prevent effective layer sampling, geological surveys of the black soil in the sampling area can be carried out first to estimate the depth of each layer. Based on the approximate layer depth of the black soil in the target area, the position of each sub-hole 33 can be adjusted, and a sample tube 31 of appropriate specifications can be used. In addition, the spacing between adjacent sub-holes 33 can be reduced to the minimum. For example, when the spacing is 2cm, the deviation between any target layer (such as 0cm-5cm, 5cm-12cm) and the nearest sub-hole 33 will not exceed 1cm, which is suitable for most black soil layer studies (the accuracy requirement is usually ±2cm).

[0021] A fixing ring 34 is slidably disposed at the lower end of the inner side of the outer drill pipe 3. A support spring is sleeved on the fixing ring 34, which can provide axial elastic support for the fixing ring 34. Multiple soil-dividing plates 35 are circumferentially hinged on the fixing ring 34, and a guide pin is vertically fixed on each of the soil-dividing plates 35. A guide groove 36 is opened on the side wall of the outer drill pipe 3, and the guide pin is slidably connected to the guide groove 36. An elastic membrane layer 37 is provided inside the fixing ring 34 at each soil-dividing plate 35.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, each of the dividing holes 33 is sealed with a plastic sealing film to prevent soil inside the pipe from leaking out of the dividing holes 33 in advance or from being contaminated by the outside, and also to prevent soil from seeping out of the dividing holes 33 and adhering to the inner wall of the outer drill pipe 3; the drive seat is slidably connected to the upper support 23, and multiple compression springs are arranged circumferentially between the two; the lower end face of the drive seat is fixed with a shaft pressure plate 27, and a claw plate 28 is hinged on the upper support 23, one end of the claw plate 28 abutting against the shaft pressure plate 27; a vibration cylinder 29 is also connected to the upper support 23, one end of the vibration cylinder 29 is connected to the claw plate 28, and when the vibration cylinder 29 works, it can move the shaft pressure plate 27 through the claw plate 28 to realize the overall axial vibration of the shaft pressure plate 27 and the drive seat.

[0023] In this embodiment, the guide groove 36 is configured as a corrugated structure, and the lower end of the sample tube 31 abuts against the fixing ring 34. Specifically, during soil sampling operations when the soil hardness is low in the spring thawing period, the vibrating cylinder 29 can be inactive, and only the outer drill pipe 3 can continuously rotate and drill to achieve soil sampling. However, in the sampling of frozen soil in the black soil in winter or in the sampling of deep hard soil, the vibrating cylinder 29 can vibrate as the outer drill pipe 3 drills into the corresponding depth of soil. It uses the claw plate 28 to move the shaft pressure plate 27, at which time the sample tube 31 in the drive seat can vibrate synchronously with the drive seat. During vibration, the sample tube 31 pushes the fixed ring 34 to move axially back to its original position. At this time, the guide pins of each soil separating plate 35 slide along the corrugated structure of the guide groove 36 to squeeze, shear and break the soil inside the fixed ring 34. With this arrangement, the hard soil entering the fixed ring 34 can be lifted and separated by the axial movement of the fixed ring 34, causing the originally dense, frozen or cemented hard soil to crack and stratify. On the other hand, it can be squeezed and sheared by multiple soil separating plates 35, so that the corresponding soil layers can be broken into small pieces or particles, ensuring high soil particle fluidity during subsequent collection.

[0024] In this embodiment, the soil sampling device 4 includes: a housing 42, which has an inclined inner channel 43 inside. The soil discharge seat 41 is sealed and installed at the port of the inner channel 43, so that the soil discharged from the soil discharge hole 32 automatically slides down the inclined direction of the inner channel 43 to the collection container under the action of gravity, which is convenient for quick collection on site; an insulation layer 44, which is set inside the housing 42 and sleeved on the outside of the outer drilling pipe 3. A heater is vertically inserted into the insulation layer 44 to reduce the heat exchange between the outer drilling pipe 3 and the cold air outside the black soil in winter, maintain the relatively stable temperature inside the drilling pipe, and prevent the broken frozen soil particles from refreezing on the pipe wall; when the ambient temperature is extremely low (such as below -20℃) or the frozen soil particles are re-frozen near the soil discharge hole 32, the heater can be activated to uniformly heat the local area of ​​the outer drilling pipe 3 through the insulation layer 44, so that the surface of the frozen soil particles melts a thin layer, restores fluidity, and ensures smooth soil discharge.

[0025] A loading plate 45 is slidably mounted in the soil discharge seat 41, and the loading plate 45 has a channel. A loosening device 5 is installed on the loading plate 45. A propulsion cylinder 46 is connected inside the soil discharge seat 41, and one end of the propulsion cylinder 46 is connected to the loading plate 45. A centrifugal cam 47 is rotatably mounted in the housing 42 and located below the insulation layer 44. The outer drill pipe 3 is movably inserted into the centrifugal cam 47. When the centrifugal cam 47 rotates, because its center of mass does not coincide with the center of rotation (or the cam profile is not circular), it will generate a periodic radial thrust on the outer drill pipe 3, causing the outer drill pipe 3 and its internal sample tube 31 to generate high-frequency, small-amplitude radial oscillation or vibration, thereby achieving rapid soil discharge during the soil discharge sampling process.

[0026] In this embodiment, a main shaft 51 is rotatably connected to the center of the loosening device 5. A sun gear is coaxially mounted on the main shaft 51, and multiple planet gears 52 are distributed circumferentially within the loosening device 5. The planet gears 52 mesh with the sun gear and revolve around the sun gear. A sliding shaft 53 is slidably connected to the center of each planet gear 52, and an extension shaft 54 ​​is fixed to one end of the sliding shaft 53. An inclined guide plate 55 is also fixed in the loosening device 5, and a ball bearing is installed at the other end of the sliding shaft 53. The ball bearings abut against the inclined guide plate 55. Specifically, after the sample tube 31 completes sampling, the soil discharge hole 32 on the outer drill pipe 3 is located in the housing 42. At this time, when the sample tube 31 moves upward relative to the outer drill pipe 3, each of the sub-holes 33 can be connected to the soil discharge hole 32 one by one. The extension and retraction action of the propulsion cylinder 46 pushes the extended shaft 54 ​​on the loosening device 5 through the soil discharge hole 32 and inserts it into the soil. At this time, the main shaft 51 drives the sun gear to rotate, driving the planet gear 52 to rotate (and revolve at the same time). The sliding shaft 53 is slidably connected to the center of the planet gear 52 and rotates with the planet gear 52. The ball bearings at the end of the sliding shaft 53 roll on the inclined surface of the fixed inclined guide plate 55. Because the inclined guide plate 55 has an axial height variation, when the ball moves along the inclined plane, it forces the sliding shaft 53 to slide axially back and forth in the planetary gear 52, thereby driving the extended shaft 54 ​​to periodically extend and retract, repeatedly pushing, stirring and scraping the soil, effectively breaking the adhesion between the soil and the sample tube 31 wall, making the soil loose and discharged from the discharge hole 32. In addition, different types of loosening heads, such as spiral blades, rubber plates, sharp needles, etc., can be installed at the front end of the extended shaft 54, which significantly improves the layered soil discharge capacity of difficult soils such as black soil with high viscosity and frozen soil.

[0027] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil stratification sampling and testing device for black soil, characterized in that, It includes: A vertical frame (1) has an assembly plate (11) fixed on one end face, and a slide rail (12) is vertically and symmetrically fixed on the other end face of the vertical frame (1). A fixed frame (13) is vertically and slidably connected on the slide rail (12). A soil drilling unit (2) is installed on the fixed frame (13), and an outer drilling pipe (3) is vertically connected below the soil drilling unit (2). The sample tube (31) is coaxially connected inside the outer drill tube (3); The soil sampling device (4) is installed on the lower side of the vertical frame (1) and located below the drilling unit (2). The outer drilling pipe (3) is connected through the soil sampling device (4). One side of the soil sampling device (4) is inclined downward and sealed with a soil discharge seat (41).

2. The black soil stratification sampling and testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide rail (14) is horizontally fixed on the fixed frame (13), and the drilling unit (2) is slidably installed on the guide rail (14). A hydraulic telescopic rod (15) is horizontally fixed on the fixed frame (13), and one end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (15) is connected to the drilling unit (2). Furthermore, a guide rod is vertically fixed on the outer wall of the soil sampling device (4), and the other end of the guide rod is slidably connected to the vertical frame (1).

3. The black soil stratification sampling and testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drilling unit (2) includes: Rotary cylinder seat (21), which is mounted on the fixed frame (13), and an outer sleeve (22) is vertically fixed to the lower end face of the rotary cylinder seat (21). The rotating sleeve is rotatably disposed in the outer sleeve (22), and the outer drill pipe (3) is coaxially fixed inside the rotating sleeve; The upper support (23) is fixed above the rotary drum seat (21), and a bearing seat (24) is fixed inside the upper support (23). The upper end of the outer drill pipe (3) extends into and is connected to the bearing seat (24). The soil sampling ring cutter (25) is fixed at the lower end of the outer drill pipe (3).

4. The black soil stratification sampling and testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer sleeve (22) is provided with a rotary motor, and the output end of the rotary motor is connected to the rotating sleeve for transmission through gear meshing; The vertical frame (1) is vertically rotatably connected to a lead screw, and the fixed frame (13) is threadedly slidably connected to the lead screw.

5. The black soil stratification sampling and testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A drive seat is installed above the upper bracket (23), and the sample tube (31) is vertically slidably connected through the drive seat. A threaded steel sleeve (26) is vertically rotatably connected inside the drive seat, and the sample tube (31) is threadedly connected to the threaded steel sleeve (26). The sample tube (31) has elastic valves distributed circumferentially on the inner wall of the lower end port.

6. The black soil stratification sampling and testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper side wall of the external drill pipe (3) is provided with a soil discharge hole (32), and the side wall of the sample pipe (31) is provided with a number of axially equidistant holes (33). The lower end of the inner side of the outer drill pipe (3) is also slidably provided with a fixing ring (34), and a support spring is provided on the outer sleeve of the fixing ring (34). Multiple soil-dividing plates (35) are circumferentially hinged on the fixing ring (34), and each soil-dividing plate (35) is vertically fixed with a guide pin. The outer drill pipe (3) has a guide groove (36) on its side wall, and the guide pin is slidably connected to the guide groove (36); and the fixing ring (34) is provided with an elastic membrane layer (37) at each soil distribution plate (35).

7. The black soil stratification sampling and testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each of the aforementioned holes (33) is sealed with a plastic sealing film; the drive seat is slidably connected to the upper bracket (23), and multiple compression springs are arranged circumferentially between the two; A shaft pressure plate (27) is fixed on the lower end face of the drive seat, and a claw plate (28) is hinged on the upper bracket (23). One end of the claw plate (28) abuts against the shaft pressure plate (27). A vibration cylinder (29) is also connected to the upper bracket (23), and one end of the vibration cylinder (29) is connected to the claw plate (28).

8. The black soil stratification sampling and testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The guide groove (36) is configured as a corrugated structure, and the lower end of the sample tube (31) abuts against the fixing ring (34).

9. A soil stratification sampling and testing device for black soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil sampling device (4) includes: The casing (42) has an inclined inner channel (43) inside, and the soil discharge seat (41) is sealed and installed at the port of the inner channel (43); The insulation layer (44) is set inside the housing (42) and sleeved on the outside of the outer drill pipe (3). A heater is vertically inserted into the insulation layer (44). A loading plate (45) is slidably assembled in the soil discharge seat (41), and the loading plate (45) has a channel. Loosening device (5) is installed on loading plate (45), and propulsion cylinder (46) is connected inside the soil discharge seat (41). One end of propulsion cylinder (46) is connected to loading plate (45). Centrifugal cam (47) is rotatably mounted in housing (42) and located below insulation layer (44), and the outer drill pipe (3) is movably inserted into centrifugal cam (47).

10. A soil stratification sampling and testing device for black soil according to claim 9, characterized in that: The loosening device (5) has a main shaft (51) rotatably connected to its center. A sun gear is coaxially mounted on the main shaft (51), and multiple planet gears (52) are distributed around the circumference of the loosening device (5). The planet gears (52) mesh with the sun gear and revolve around the sun gear. Each of the planetary gears (52) is slidably connected to a central sliding shaft (53), and an extension shaft (54) is fixed to one end of the sliding shaft (53). The loosening device (5) also has a slanted guide plate (55) fixed in it, and the other end of the sliding shaft (53) is equipped with a ball bearing, which abuts against the slanted guide plate (55) through the ball bearing.

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