A mechanical mechanical test system capable of realizing bidirectional uniform speed cyclic tension and compression test

Abstract

The present application relates to a mechanical mechanical test system capable of realizing bidirectional uniform speed cycle tension and compression test, and relates to the field of material and component tension and compression performance test. The mechanical test system comprises a mechanical structure system, a servo power system and an information feedback system. The mechanical structure system is used for supporting the whole structure of the mechanical test system and transmission between the mechanical structures. The servo power system is used as the power system of the mechanical test system and accurately controls the movement and position of the mechanical structure. The information feedback system is used for collecting, processing and transmitting the data information of the power system, effectively improving the efficiency and accuracy of information transmission. The present application can realize bidirectional tension and compression mechanical performance test of materials or structures through the simple mechanical structure system, the servo power system and the information feedback system, and can accurately control the functions of bidirectional load, displacement and speed, so as to deeply study the physical and mechanical characteristics of materials or structures under bidirectional tension and compression, and better guide material selection and engineering design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tensile and compressive performance testing of materials and components, specifically a mechanical testing system capable of performing bidirectional uniform cyclic tensile and compressive tests. Background Technology

[0002] The mechanical properties of materials or structures are one of the key indicators for evaluating their quality and reliability. In the fields of materials science and mechanical engineering, tensile and compressive testing is a commonly used method to comprehensively and accurately evaluate the performance of materials or structures under tensile and compressive loading. With the rapid development of economic and social construction, more complex requirements are being placed on the mechanical properties of various materials and structures.

[0003] In practical applications, materials or structures are often subjected to both tensile and compressive forces simultaneously. To simulate such stress states, biaxial tensile and compressive mechanical tests are required. These tests can simulate the complex stress states that materials or structures experience in real-world applications, thus more realistically reflecting their mechanical behavior.

[0004] The strength and stability of a material may change when subjected to biaxial tensile and compressive loading. To assess the strength and stability of a material, biaxial tensile and compressive mechanical testing is required. This test can accurately evaluate the strength and stability of a material under different stress states, providing a basis for material selection and design.

[0005] In the field of engineering, many structures are subjected to biaxial tensile and compressive forces during use, such as bridges, buildings, and aircraft fuselages. It is necessary to predict the performance of such engineering structures. By conducting biaxial tensile and compressive mechanical tests, the performance and response of structures under actual working conditions can be predicted, providing important references for structural design and optimization.

[0006] In summary, conducting biaxial tensile and compressive mechanical tests on materials or structures can more comprehensively and accurately evaluate their mechanical properties, providing important scientific basis for material selection, structural design, and engineering applications.

[0007] To this end, various unique bidirectional tensile and compressive mechanical testing systems have been developed, such as: Chinese patent CN201810153373.0 discloses a biaxial tensile testing device for a cross-shaped specimen, comprising an upper mold base, a lower mold base, two pairs of tensile mechanisms, and a guide rod assembly, wherein the tensile directions of the two pairs of tensile mechanisms are perpendicular to each other. This testing device can be used for biaxial tensile testing of high-strength material specimens and has the advantages of high load capacity, structural stability, and low cost.

[0008] Chinese patent CN202111252144.2 discloses a tensile testing fixture with automatic centering features, including a support body, an optical axis, a bidirectional lead screw, and an adjustment mechanism. It features automatic centering, synchronous locking, parallel clamping, and increased friction. In bidirectional tensile and compressive mechanical testing experiments, it can provide a suitable and adjustable clamping force, and also prevent material slippage, detachment, and clamping misalignment.

[0009] Chinese patent CN202111267883.9 discloses a biaxial tensile testing machine, comprising two mutually perpendicular testing mechanisms, capable of simultaneously performing tensile tests on the product under test in two directions. This testing machine is compact and ingeniously designed, meeting the need for simultaneous tensile testing of the product under test in multiple directions.

[0010] Chinese patent CN201611223582.5 discloses a biaxial tensile strength tester for tubular knitted fabrics. It adopts a cylindrical test head, which is closer to the shape of actual clothing products. It is suitable for tubular knitted fabrics of different sizes and can conveniently and quickly conduct biaxial tensile strength tests on knitted fabrics, with good economic benefits.

[0011] In summary, existing bidirectional tensile and compressive mechanical testing systems each have their own characteristics, but their main limitations are as follows: (1) It has a single function and can only be used to test the unidirectional or bidirectional tensile strength of materials or structures. It cannot test the bidirectional tensile or compressive properties of materials or structures at the same time.

[0012] (2) Poor adaptability. It simply implements the biaxial tensile test function and cannot accurately control parameters such as tensile and compressive load, tensile and compressive displacement, and tensile and compressive speed during the biaxial tensile and compressive test process.

[0013] (3) The structure is complex, the reliability is relatively poor, and the operation process is cumbersome.

[0014] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a mechanical testing system that can be used for bidirectional tensile and compressive mechanical performance testing of various materials or structures, can accurately control bidirectional load, displacement, and velocity, and has a simple structure. Summary of the Invention

[0015] To address at least one technical problem in the background art, this invention provides a mechanical testing system capable of performing bidirectional uniform cyclic tensile and compressive tests. This system can achieve bidirectional tensile and compressive mechanical property testing of materials or structures through a simple mechanical structure system, servo power system, and information feedback system. It can also precisely control bidirectional load, displacement, and speed, thereby enabling in-depth research on the physical and mechanical properties of materials or structures under bidirectional tensile and compressive action, and better guiding material selection and engineering design.

[0016] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a mechanical testing system capable of performing bidirectional uniform-speed cyclic tensile and compressive tests, comprising: Mechanical structure system, used to support the entire structure of a mechanical testing system and for transmission between mechanical structures; Servo power systems serve as the power systems for mechanical testing systems, precisely controlling the movement and position of mechanical structures. An information feedback system is used to collect, process, and transmit data information from a power system, effectively improving the efficiency and accuracy of information transmission.

[0017] Furthermore, the mechanical structure system includes a transmission element and a support element, wherein the transmission element is mounted on the support element.

[0018] Furthermore, the supporting element includes a bracket assembly; the bracket assembly serves as a support and fixing device for the entire mechanical testing system and includes multiple interconnected vertical or horizontal brackets.

[0019] Furthermore, the transmission element includes a transmission shaft, a worm, a worm wheel, a disc gear, a sector gear, a rack, a slide plate, and a slide rail; the transmission shaft includes a horizontal transmission shaft and a vertical transmission shaft, one end of the horizontal transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the support assembly via a bearing, and the other end is connected to the worm; the worm wheel is rotatably connected to the support assembly and meshes with the worm; the worm wheel is connected to the disc gear via a wheel axle, and the sector gear is fixed to the top of the disc gear; the slide rail is installed on the top of the support assembly, the slide plate is slidably disposed on the slide rail, and a rack meshing with the sector gear is installed on one side of the slide plate.

[0020] Furthermore, the servo power system includes a controller, a servo motor, and sensors; wherein, the controller receives feedback signals from an information feedback system and adjusts the operating state of the servo motor based on these feedback signals; the servo motor controls its speed and position by controlling the voltage and current input to the servo motor through the controller; the output end of the servo motor is connected to the horizontal transmission shaft; the sensors provide real-time data to the controller, thereby achieving precise control and monitoring.

[0021] Furthermore, the information feedback system mainly consists of an encoder; the encoder is connected to the controller via a data transmission line and is used to measure and control position, speed, and acceleration.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) This invention achieves bidirectional tensile and compressive mechanical performance testing of materials or structures by combining mechanical structure system, servo power system and information feedback system, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of testing.

[0023] (2) The system of the present invention can accurately control bidirectional load, displacement and speed, making the test results more accurate and helping to study the physical and mechanical properties of materials or structures under bidirectional tension and compression.

[0024] (3) This invention provides better guidance for material selection and engineering design, and provides strong technical support for material research and engineering applications. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is the top-left three-dimensional view of the test system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the test system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a main sectional view of the test system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front view of the test system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] The components include: 1. Drive shaft, 1-1. Horizontal drive shaft, 1-2. Vertical drive shaft; 2. Worm gear; 3. Worm wheel; 4. Disc gear; 5. Sector gear; 6. Rack; 7. Slide plate; 8. Bracket, 8-1. Vertical bracket, 8-2. Horizontal bracket; 9. Bearing; 10. Slide rail; 11. Controller; 12. Servo motor; 13. Sensor; 14. Encoder; 15. Data transmission line. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0029] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0030] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," "linking," and "socketing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] To address the limitations of existing biaxial tensile and compressive mechanical testing systems mentioned in the background art: (1) They have limited functionality, only capable of testing the uniaxial or biaxial tensile strength of materials or structures, and cannot simultaneously test the biaxial tensile or compressive mechanical properties of materials or structures. (2) They have poor adaptability, simply implementing biaxial tensile testing functions, and cannot accurately control parameters such as tensile and compressive load, tensile and compressive displacement, and tensile and compressive speed during the biaxial tensile and compressive testing process. (3) They have complex structures, relatively poor reliability, and cumbersome operation procedures. (Reference) Figures 1 to 4 This invention provides a mechanical testing system capable of performing bidirectional uniform cyclic tensile and compressive tests, comprising: Mechanical structure system, used to support the entire structure of a mechanical testing system and for transmission between mechanical structures; Servo power systems serve as the power systems for mechanical testing systems, precisely controlling the movement and position of mechanical structures. An information feedback system is used to collect, process, and transmit data information from a power system, effectively improving the efficiency and accuracy of information transmission.

[0033] The mechanical structure system includes a transmission element and a support element, with the transmission element mounted on the support element.

[0034] The supporting element includes a bracket assembly 8; the bracket assembly 8 serves as a support and fixing device for the entire mechanical testing system, is made of metal material, and includes multiple interconnected vertical brackets 8-1 or horizontal brackets 8-2, used to support various components of the testing system, thereby ensuring its stability and accuracy.

[0035] The transmission components include a transmission shaft 1, a worm 2, a worm wheel 3, a disc gear 4, a sector gear 5, a rack 6, a slide plate 7, and a slide rail 10. The transmission shaft 1 includes a horizontal transmission shaft 1-1 and a vertical transmission shaft 1-2. One end of the horizontal transmission shaft 1-1 is rotatably connected to the support assembly 8 via a bearing 9, and the other end is connected to the worm 2. The worm wheel 3 is rotatably connected to the support assembly 8 and meshes with the worm 2. The worm wheel 3 is connected to the disc gear 4 via a wheel axle, and the sector gear 5 is fixed to the top of the disc gear 4. The slide rail 10 is installed on the top of the support assembly 8, and the slide plate 7 is slidably disposed on the slide rail 10. A rack 6 that meshes with the sector gear 5 is installed on one side of the slide plate 7.

[0036] The drive shaft 1 transmits rotational motion and torque to the worm 2. The worm 2 is cylindrical with helical teeth on its surface. The worm 2 meshes with the worm wheel 3, transmitting power and motion to the turbine through rotational motion. The turbine consists of multiple blades that mesh with the worm 2 to obtain power, which is then transmitted to the disc gear 4 in cooperation with the drive shaft 1. The disc gear 4 is anchored to the sector gear 5 with bolts, responsible for converting rotational motion into linear motion. The sector gear 5 meshes with the rack 6, responsible for transmitting linear motion to the rack 6. The rack 6 is fixed to the slide plate 7 with bolts. The slide plate 7 performs bidirectional uniform cyclic tension and compression motion on the guide rail, completing the test of the entire mechanical testing system. The bearing 9 is used to transmit rotational motion and torque to the worm gear 2, to support the horizontal transmission shaft 1-1 and reduce friction between the shaft and the fixed part; the slide rail 10 adopts a bidirectional linear guide, which is a mechanical element for precise motion control. It consists of two symmetrical metal rods and is responsible for the precise, smooth and reciprocating linear motion of the slide plate 7.

[0037] The worm 2 is cylindrical with helical teeth on its surface. The worm 2 meshes with the worm wheel 3, transmitting power and motion to the turbine through rotational motion. The turbine consists of multiple blades that mesh with the worm 2 to obtain power, which is then transmitted to the disc gear 4 in conjunction with the drive shaft 1. The disc gear 4 is anchored to the sector gear 5 with bolts, responsible for converting rotational motion into linear motion. The sector gear 5 meshes with the rack 6, responsible for transmitting linear motion to the rack 6. The rack 6 is fixed to the slide plate 7 with bolts. The slide plate 7 undergoes bidirectional uniform cyclic tension and compression motion on the guide rail, completing the test of the entire mechanical testing system. The supporting elements include a bracket 8, a bearing 9, and a bidirectional linear guide rail. The bracket 8, as the support and fixing device for the entire test system, is made of metal and includes multiple vertical or horizontal brackets 8 to support the various components of the test system, thereby ensuring its stability and accuracy. The bearing 9 is used to transmit rotational motion and torque to the worm gear 2, supporting the rotating shaft and reducing friction between the shaft and the fixed part. The bidirectional linear guide is a mechanical element for precise motion control. It consists of two symmetrical metal rods and is responsible for the precise, smooth, and reciprocating linear motion of the slide plate 7.

[0038] The servo power system includes a controller 11, a servo motor 12, and a sensor 13. The controller 11 receives feedback signals from an information feedback system and adjusts the operating state of the servo motor 12 based on these feedback signals. The servo motor 12 controls its speed and position by controlling the voltage and current input to it through the controller 11. The output of the servo motor 12 is connected to the horizontal transmission shaft 1-1. The sensor 13 provides real-time data to the controller 11, thereby achieving precise control and monitoring.

[0039] The information feedback system mainly consists of an encoder 14; the encoder 14 is connected to the controller 11 through a data transmission line 15, and is used to measure and control position, speed and acceleration, compare the position information fed back by the encoder 14 with the expected position, and accurately control the bidirectional load, displacement and speed, thereby ensuring the safe power supply throughout the entire bidirectional tensile and compressive performance test process.

[0040] This invention can achieve bidirectional tensile and compressive mechanical performance testing of materials or structures through a simple mechanical structure system, servo power system, and information feedback system. It can also accurately control bidirectional load, displacement, and speed, thereby conducting in-depth research on the physical and mechanical properties of materials or structures under bidirectional tensile and compressive forces, and better guiding material selection and engineering design.

[0041] Test procedure: First, check whether the mechanical structure system, servo power system and information feedback system are safely connected. Then, start the servo power system to test the various functions of the mechanical test system of the present invention. Observe whether the power transmitted to the worm 2 through the servo motor 12 is successfully transmitted to the worm wheel 3 and drives the disc gear 4 and sector gear 5 to transmit the force to the rack 6, so that the slide plate 7 can perform a uniform speed cyclic tension and compression test on the bidirectional linear guide rail.

[0042] Data Acquisition and Analysis: During the test, encoder 14 controls the bidirectional load, displacement, and velocity in real time. After the test, the experimental data is analyzed to evaluate the mechanical properties of the material.

[0043] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical testing system capable of performing bidirectional uniform-speed cyclic tensile and compressive tests, characterized in that, include: Mechanical structure system, used to support the entire structure of a mechanical testing system and for transmission between mechanical structures; Servo power systems serve as the power systems for mechanical testing systems, precisely controlling the movement and position of mechanical structures. An information feedback system is used to collect, process, and transmit data information from a power system, effectively improving the efficiency and accuracy of information transmission.

2. The mechanical testing system for realizing bidirectional uniform cyclic tensile and compressive testing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical structure system includes a transmission element and a support element, with the transmission element mounted on the support element.

3. The mechanical testing system for achieving bidirectional uniform-speed cyclic tensile and compressive testing as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The supporting element includes a bracket assembly; the bracket assembly serves as a support and fixing device for the entire mechanical testing system and includes multiple interconnected vertical or horizontal brackets.

4. The mechanical testing system for realizing bidirectional uniform cyclic tensile and compressive testing as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The transmission components include a transmission shaft, a worm gear, a worm wheel, a disc gear, a sector gear, a rack, a slide plate, and a slide rail. The transmission shaft includes a horizontal transmission shaft and a vertical transmission shaft. One end of the horizontal transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the support assembly via a bearing, and the other end is connected to the worm gear. The worm wheel is rotatably connected to the support assembly and meshes with the worm gear. The worm wheel is connected to the disc gear via a wheel axle, and the sector gear is fixed to the top of the disc gear. The slide rail is installed on the top of the support assembly, and the slide plate is slidably disposed on the slide rail. A rack that meshes with the sector gear is installed on one side of the slide plate.

5. A mechanical testing system capable of performing bidirectional uniform cyclic tensile and compressive tests as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The servo power system includes a controller, a servo motor, and sensors. The controller receives feedback signals from an information feedback system and adjusts the operating state of the servo motor based on these feedback signals. The servo motor controls its speed and position by controlling the voltage and current input to it through the controller. The output of the servo motor is connected to the horizontal drive shaft. The sensors provide real-time data to the controller, thereby enabling precise control and monitoring.

6. The mechanical testing system for realizing bidirectional uniform cyclic tensile and compressive testing as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The information feedback system mainly consists of an encoder; the encoder is connected to the controller via a data transmission line and is used to measure and control position, speed and acceleration.

Images