Battery cell multi-physics field coupling calculation method, device and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of electric core multi-physical field coupling calculation method, equipment and storage medium, the application relates to electronic digital data processing technical field, the electric core multi-physical field coupling calculation method includes: obtaining the model simulation calculation result of the physical field to be coupled at the cutoff time of current system step, wherein the physical field to be coupled includes electrochemical field and at least one other physical field;Based on the model simulation calculation result, the coupling parameters between the physical field to be coupled are synchronized;If the first cutoff condition is not met, enter the next system step, and the model simulation calculation process of each physical field to be coupled is executed in parallel.The technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, various physical fields needed are calculated in parallel by separating coupling, and then the coupling parameters of each physical field are synchronized at the cutoff time of each system step, and the technical effect of improving the accuracy of electric core modeling result is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic digital data processing technology, and in particular to a method, device and storage medium for multi-physics coupling calculation of battery cells. Background Technology

[0002] During the use of lithium batteries, they are affected by various physical fields, which can lead to performance degradation and other problems. To investigate the degradation of lithium batteries under these physical fields, a three-dimensional model that fully couples multiple physics and electrochemistry is generally used to model the lithium battery, and an equivalent circuit model is used for calculations during modeling. However, the above approach completely loses the true physical information of the battery cell, resulting in poor consistency between the modeling results and actual conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main purpose of this application is to provide a multi-physics coupling calculation method, device and storage medium for battery cells, which aims to solve the technical problem that related technologies completely lose the true physical information of the battery cells, resulting in poor consistency between the modeling results and the actual situation.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a multi-physics coupling calculation method for battery cells. At the nth system step, the multi-physics coupling calculation method for battery cells includes:

[0005] Obtain the model simulation calculation results of the physical field to be coupled at the cutoff time of the current system step, wherein the physical field to be coupled includes an electrochemical field and at least one other physical field;

[0006] Based on the simulation results of the model, the coupling parameters between the physical fields to be coupled are synchronized.

[0007] If the first cutoff condition is not met, proceed to the next system step and execute the model simulation calculation process of each of the physical fields to be coupled in parallel.

[0008] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, various physical fields required are calculated in parallel by separating the coupling, and then the coupling parameters of each physical field are synchronized at the cutoff time of each system step, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the accuracy of cell modeling results.

[0009] In some embodiments, the step of synchronizing the coupling parameters between the physical fields to be coupled based on the model simulation calculation results includes:

[0010] Obtain the coupling parameter values ​​of each coupling parameter in the model simulation calculation results;

[0011] Parameter synchronization is performed based on the transformation relationship between any two model meshes corresponding to the physical fields to be coupled, and the coupling parameter values.

[0012] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the efficiency of coupling parameter synchronization is improved by mapping the coupling parameter values ​​based on the transformation relationship between model meshes.

[0013] In some embodiments, prior to the step of obtaining the model simulation calculation results of the physical field to be coupled at the cutoff time of the current system step in the first system step, the method includes:

[0014] The model mesh of the physical field to be coupled is determined based on the size information of the battery cell;

[0015] The initial mesh is determined by filling the model mesh with the initial parameters;

[0016] Each of the physical fields to be coupled is calculated in parallel based on the initial grid and the calculation step size.

[0017] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by dividing each physical field to be coupled into a model mesh and then performing parallel calculations, the speed of simulation calculation is improved and resource consumption is reduced.

[0018] In some embodiments, the step of determining the model mesh of the physical field to be coupled based on the cell size information includes:

[0019] Based on the size information of the battery cell, a first model grid for the electrochemical field is determined, and this first model grid is used as the model grid for the physical field to be coupled; or...

[0020] Based on the size information of the battery cell, the model mesh of each of the physical fields to be coupled is determined.

[0021] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by using the model mesh of each physical field to be coupled, the flexibility of modeling can be improved, which helps to improve the accuracy and calculation speed of each physical field.

[0022] In some embodiments, the step of executing the model simulation calculation processes of each of the coupled physical fields in parallel includes:

[0023] The initial value for calculation is based on the synchronization result corresponding to the current system step size;

[0024] Based on the initial values ​​calculated within the model mesh of each of the physical fields to be coupled, the model simulation calculation process is executed in parallel for each of the physical fields to be coupled.

[0025] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the simulation calculation speed is improved by parallel computing of the physical field to be coupled.

[0026] In some embodiments, the step of calculating each of the physical fields to be coupled in parallel within the model mesh of each physical field to be coupled based on the initial calculated value includes:

[0027] Determine the calculation step size for each of the physical fields to be coupled;

[0028] Based on the initial values ​​calculated within the model grid of each of the physical fields to be coupled, each of the physical fields to be coupled is calculated in parallel based on the calculation step size.

[0029] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by freely selecting the calculation step size of each physical field to be coupled according to the actual calculation situation, the solution of each physical field to be coupled is more flexible and the calculation efficiency is improved.

[0030] In some embodiments, the first cutoff condition includes: reaching the maximum battery voltage, reaching the minimum battery voltage, or reaching the maximum computation time. The cell multiphysics coupling calculation method further includes:

[0031] If the second cutoff condition is met, the simulation calculation process of the model is suspended. The second cutoff condition includes reaching the maximum calculation time and / or the occurrence of a calculation error.

[0032] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by setting a cutoff condition, the multiphysics simulation calculation process of the battery cell is executed accurately, thereby improving the fit between the simulation results and the real results.

[0033] In some embodiments, prior to the step of obtaining the model simulation calculation results of the physical field to be coupled at the cutoff time of the current system step, the following steps are included:

[0034] Based on the click operation received by the first interactive control, or preset information, at least one of the physical fields to be coupled is determined.

[0035] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by setting a first interactive control and determining the physical field to be coupled according to user operation or preset information, the flexibility and modularity of multi-physics coupling calculation of battery cells can be realized, meeting different calculation needs.

[0036] In some embodiments, prior to the step of synchronizing the coupling parameters between the physical fields to be coupled based on the model simulation results, the following steps are included:

[0037] Determine a first coupling parameter between the electrochemical field and any of the other physical fields;

[0038] Determine the second coupling parameters between each pair of the other physical fields;

[0039] The first coupling parameter and the second coupling parameter are used as the coupling parameters.

[0040] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the coupling parameters in multiphysics coupling calculation are flexibly determined, thereby improving the accuracy and adaptability of the calculation.

[0041] In some embodiments, after the step of determining the second coupling parameters between each pair of the other physical fields, the method includes:

[0042] The first coupling parameter and the second coupling parameter are displayed in the second interactive control;

[0043] The selected parameters are determined based on the click operation received by the second interactive control;

[0044] The selected parameter is used as the coupling parameter.

[0045] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the coupling parameters in multiphysics coupling calculation are flexibly determined according to the user's needs, thereby improving the pertinence and practicality of the calculation.

[0046] In some embodiments, after the step of synchronizing the coupling parameters between the physical fields to be coupled based on the model simulation calculation results, the following steps are included:

[0047] If the first cutoff condition is met, an initial cell coupling model is generated.

[0048] The initial cell coupling model is replicated proportionally according to a set multiple and combined to form a cell coupling model.

[0049] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the simulation calculation results of a single cell are used to quickly construct a multiphysics coupling model of the entire battery, providing an effective tool for battery design and optimization.

[0050] In some embodiments, the multi-physics coupling calculation method for battery cells further includes:

[0051] If a parameter output command is received from the third interactive control, the battery parameters corresponding to the parameter output command are displayed in the battery cell coupling model corresponding to the battery cell.

[0052] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, specific battery parameters are queried at any time during the multi-physics coupling calculation of the battery cell, which improves the interactivity and practicality of the calculation method.

[0053] Secondly, this application provides a battery cell multiphysics coupling calculation device, the battery cell multiphysics coupling calculation device comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program being configured to implement the steps of the battery cell multiphysics coupling calculation method as described above.

[0054] Thirdly, this application provides a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium, on which a program for implementing a multi-physics coupling calculation method for battery cells is stored. The program for implementing the multi-physics coupling calculation method for battery cells is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the multi-physics coupling calculation method for battery cells as described above.

[0055] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0056] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0057] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating steps S10-S30 in one embodiment of the multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells in this application.

[0058] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating steps A10-A30 in one embodiment of the multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells in this application.

[0059] Figure 3 This is a top-view cut-out unfolded view of a battery cell in one embodiment of the multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells in this application;

[0060] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the non-uniform mesh of a battery cell in one embodiment of the multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells in this application;

[0061] Figure 5 This is a radially divided two-layer unfolded diagram of the battery cell in one embodiment of the multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells in this application;

[0062] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a double-layer non-uniform mesh in one embodiment of the multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells in this application;

[0063] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the physical fields to be coupled and the coupling parameters in one embodiment of the multi-physics coupling calculation method for battery cells in this application;

[0064] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a cell coupling model of a battery with two cells in one embodiment of the multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells in this application;

[0065] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating steps S103-S108 in one embodiment of the multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells in this application.

[0066] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the decoupling strategy for each physical field to be coupled in one embodiment of the multi-physics coupling calculation method for battery cells in this application;

[0067] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure involved in the embodiment of the multiphysics coupling computing device for battery cells in this application.

[0068] The purpose, features, and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0069] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0070] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0071] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0072] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0073] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0074] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0075] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0076] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0077] Currently, due to their advantages such as high energy density, rechargeability, safety, and environmental friendliness, power batteries are widely used in new energy vehicles, consumer electronics, and energy storage systems. With the rapid development of related industries, the demand for high-performance lithium-ion batteries is increasing. However, batteries are affected by various physical fields during their lifespan, leading to performance degradation and safety issues, and potentially causing inconsistencies within the cell, resulting in accelerated localized aging or lithium plating. To investigate the degradation of lithium batteries under physical fields, a three-dimensional model that fully couples multiphysics and electrochemistry is generally used to model lithium batteries, and an equivalent circuit model is used for calculations. However, this approach completely loses the true physical information of the cell, resulting in poor consistency between the modeling results and actual conditions.

[0078] The main solution of this application is to obtain the model simulation calculation results of the physical fields to be coupled at the cutoff time of the current system step, wherein the physical fields to be coupled include an electrochemical field and at least one other physical field; based on the model simulation calculation results, synchronize the coupling parameters between the physical fields to be coupled; if the first cutoff condition is not met, proceed to the next system step and execute the model simulation calculation process of each physical field to be coupled in parallel.

[0079] This application achieves the technical effect of improving the accuracy of cell modeling results by performing parallel calculations of various physical fields through decoupling, and then synchronizing the coupling parameters of each physical field at the end of each system step.

[0080] Firstly, in one embodiment of this application, a multi-physics coupling calculation method for battery cells is proposed. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 1 In this embodiment, the multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells includes steps S10-S30:

[0081] Step S10: Obtain the model simulation calculation results of the physical field to be coupled at the cutoff time of the current system step size, wherein the physical field to be coupled includes an electrochemical field and at least one other physical field.

[0082] In this embodiment, the physical field to be coupled refers to the physical field that needs to be coupled during the multi-physics coupling calculation of the battery cell. The physical field to be coupled includes the electrochemical field and at least one other physical field. Other physical fields include, but are not limited to, temperature field, electric field, concentration field, and stress field. Coupling refers to a state or phenomenon in which different physical fields interact and are interconnected. Specifically, in a battery cell, multiple physical fields such as electric field, thermal field, and stress field may be involved. These physical fields do not exist in isolation, but rather influence and constrain each other through various physical mechanisms. Coupling reflects the degree of connection and mode of action between these physical fields. For example, a change in the electric field may cause a change in the thermal field, such as the generation of Joule heating when current passes through; a change in the thermal field may also affect the stress field, such as the generation of stress due to thermal expansion, and a change in the stress field may in turn affect the electric field, etc. The comprehensive manifestation of this interaction between multiple physical fields is the coupling state. There is at least the influence of temperature parameter between the electrochemical field and the temperature field. The coupling parameters in this embodiment are not listed one by one. The multi-physics coupling calculation of the battery cell is divided into at least two system steps, and the current system step refers to the system step in which step S10 is executed. The cutoff time is the time when each system step ends. The model simulation results are the calculated battery parameters in the corresponding physical field to be coupled at any time during the calculation process.

[0083] Step S20: Based on the simulation calculation results of the model, synchronize the coupling parameters between the physical fields to be coupled.

[0084] In this embodiment, coupling parameters are specific indicators used to quantify the coupling relationship between different physical fields. These parameters allow for more accurate analysis and simulation of the mutual influence between various physical fields during multi-physics coupling. For example, in the coupling of an electric field and a temperature field, there exists a coupling parameter representing the amount of heat generated per unit current, quantitatively reflecting the degree of influence of the electric field on the thermal field. In the coupling of a stress field and an electric field, the coupling parameter might be the rate of change of the conductivity of the electrode material caused by stress changes, used to measure the magnitude of the stress field's effect on the electric field. Furthermore, the number of coupling parameters between any two physical fields to be coupled is not limited.

[0085] To improve coupling efficiency, after the model simulation calculation results of the physical fields to be coupled at the cutoff time of the current system step, the coupling parameters between the physical fields to be coupled are determined, and the coupling parameter values ​​of each coupling parameter are determined. If each physical field to be coupled uses the same model mesh, the parameters are directly synchronized according to the coupling parameter values, and the synchronization results are updated to the model mesh.

[0086] To improve the coupling accuracy between multiple physics fields, after obtaining the model simulation results of the physics fields to be coupled at the cutoff time of the current system step, the coupling parameters between the physics fields to be coupled are determined, and the coupling parameter values ​​of each coupling parameter are determined. If each physics field to be coupled uses a corresponding model mesh, for the first and second physics fields to be coupled, the coupling parameter values ​​can be projected onto the model mesh of the other physics field, that is, interpolation is performed based on spatial coordinates and physical quantities. The above synchronization process is performed for any two physics fields to be coupled.

[0087] Step S30: If the first cutoff condition is not met, proceed to the next system step and execute the model simulation calculation process of each of the physical fields to be coupled in parallel.

[0088] In this embodiment, the first cutoff condition is the cutoff condition for performing detection at the cutoff time of each system step, including but not limited to reaching the maximum battery voltage or reaching the minimum battery voltage. The next system step is the system step following the current system step. For example, if the current system step is the nth system step, then the next system step is the (n+1)th system step, where n is any positive integer. The model simulation calculation process is the process of simulating and calculating the battery parameters in the physical field to be coupled within the divided model mesh. Parallelism means that the model simulation calculation processes of each physical field to be coupled are executed in parallel.

[0089] To improve the efficiency of physics model simulation, the simulation results of the physical fields to be coupled at the cutoff time of the current system step are used to determine whether the first cutoff condition is met. If the first cutoff condition is not met, the process proceeds to the next system step. For each physical field to be coupled, the results of the coupling parameters after synchronization in the current system step are used as the initial values ​​for calculation. Within the next system step, each physical field to be coupled is calculated in parallel. Parallel calculation is performed using the calculation step size of each physical field to be coupled.

[0090] To improve the alignment between the modeling results and actual conditions, the multi-physics coupling calculation process for battery cells explicitly defines the coupling fields as including the electrochemical field and at least one other physical field, such as temperature, electric, concentration, and stress fields. The multi-physics coupling calculation process is divided into at least two system steps, each with a cutoff time. At the cutoff time of the current system step, the model simulation results for each coupling field are obtained. At any given time, each coupling field has corresponding calculation results, reflecting its state at that specific moment, including but not limited to parameters such as electrode potential and ion concentration in the electrochemical field, temperature distribution in the temperature field, and stress distribution in the stress field. If each coupling field uses the same model mesh, after determining the coupling parameter values, parameter synchronization is performed directly based on these values, and the synchronization results are updated to the model mesh. If each coupling field uses a corresponding model mesh, for the first and second coupling fields, the coupling parameter values ​​are projected onto the model mesh of the other field, i.e., interpolation is performed based on spatial coordinates and physical quantities. This synchronization process is executed for any two physical fields to be coupled. Based on the model simulation results of the physical fields to be coupled at the cutoff time of the current system step, it is determined whether the first cutoff condition is met. If not, the process proceeds to the next system step. For each physical field to be coupled, using the synchronized coupling parameters of the current system step as the initial values, each physical field is computed in parallel within the next system step. Each physical field to be coupled performs parallel computation according to its own computation step size.

[0091] For ease of understanding, the following examples are provided, but are not intended to limit this application. As an example, a multiphysics coupling calculation is performed on a lithium-ion battery, involving electrochemical fields, temperature fields, and stress fields.

[0092] The physical fields to be coupled are predefined as an electrochemical field, a temperature field, and a stress field. The calculation process is divided into multiple system steps, for example, every 10 minutes, with a cutoff time at the end of each system step. At the cutoff time of the current system step, the calculated results of parameters such as electrode potential and ion concentration of the battery in the electrochemical field; the temperature distribution results at different locations of the battery in the temperature field; and the stress distribution results inside the battery in the stress field are obtained. These results reflect the state of each physical field at that specific moment, not results at other arbitrary moments. For the electrochemical field and the temperature field, the coupling parameter is determined as the amount of heat generated per unit current. Assuming that at the cutoff time of the current system step, the calculated value of this coupling parameter is 5 joules of heat generated per ampere current. If the three physical fields use the same model mesh, the parameters are directly synchronized based on this coupling parameter value, and the generated heat is updated in the model mesh to reflect the influence of the electrochemical field on the temperature field. If the three physical fields use different model meshes, for the electrochemical field and the temperature field, the coupling parameter value is interpolated according to spatial coordinates and physical quantities and projected into the model mesh of the temperature field. For the stress field and electrochemical field, the coupling parameter is defined as the rate of change of conductivity of the electrode material caused by stress variation. It is assumed that the calculated coupling parameter value is a 0.1% decrease in conductivity for every 1 MPa increase in stress. Parameter synchronization or projection is performed based on the model mesh. Synchronization of all coupling parameters is performed in the above manner. One of the pre-set first cutoff conditions is that the battery voltage reaches 4.2 V. At the cutoff time of the current system step, the battery voltage is checked. If it has not reached 4.2 V, the next system step is initiated. For each physical field to be coupled, the results of the synchronized coupling parameters of the current system step are used as the initial values ​​for calculation. For example, the electrochemical field uses the current electrode potential and ion concentration as initial values, the temperature field uses the updated temperature distribution as initial values, and the stress field uses the current stress distribution as initial values. In the next system step, the three physical fields are calculated in parallel. The electrochemical field is calculated based on electrode reaction kinetics and ion transport equations; the temperature field is calculated based on heat conduction equations and heat input from the electrochemical field; and the stress field is calculated based on mechanical equilibrium equations and thermal expansion caused by the temperature field. Each physical field performs parallel calculations with its own calculation step size. For example, the calculation step size for the electrochemical field is 1 second, the calculation step size for the temperature field is 5 seconds, and the calculation step size for the stress field is 10 seconds.

[0093] Through the above implementation methods and examples, multi-physics coupling calculations of battery cells can be effectively performed, accurately simulating the performance and behavior of batteries under the interaction of different physical fields.

[0094] In some embodiments, step S20 includes:

[0095] Step S21: Obtain the coupling parameter values ​​of each coupling parameter in the model simulation calculation results.

[0096] In this embodiment, the coupling parameter values ​​are the specific values ​​of the coupling parameters in the model simulation calculation results. Coupling parameters are variables used to describe the interaction relationships between different physical fields, and the coupling parameter values ​​are the specific numerical representation of these variables in a particular calculation result. The model simulation calculation results are the calculation results of each battery parameter in each physical field to be coupled at any moment during the calculation process. At the cutoff time of the current system step, the specific values ​​of each coupling parameter can be determined from these results.

[0097] To obtain the specific values ​​of each coupling parameter, the numerical values ​​of each coupling parameter are extracted from the model simulation results at the current system step cutoff time. For example, in the coupling of the electrochemical field and the temperature field, a specific coupling parameter, such as the amount of heat generated per unit current, is determined. By analyzing the model simulation results, the specific value of this coupling parameter in the current result is found, i.e., the coupling parameter value.

[0098] Step S22: Perform parameter synchronization based on the transformation relationship between any two model meshes corresponding to the physical fields to be coupled and the coupling parameter values.

[0099] In this embodiment, the model mesh is the mesh structure used by different physical fields to be coupled during computation, describing the distribution of parameters within that physical field. Each physical field may have its own specific model mesh to describe the distribution of parameters within that physical field. Physical fields can also share a common model mesh to improve computational efficiency. The transformation relationship is the correspondence between the model meshes of any two physical fields to be coupled, used to synchronize the parameters of one physical field to the model mesh of another. Parameter synchronization involves updating the coupling parameter values ​​between different physical fields on their respective model meshes using a specific method to reflect the mutual influence between the physical fields.

[0100] To improve the coupling accuracy between any two physical fields to be coupled, the transformation relationship between their corresponding model meshes is determined, and parameter synchronization is performed based on this transformation relationship and the obtained coupling parameter values. If the two physical fields use the same model mesh, parameter synchronization can be performed directly based on the coupling parameter values, and the synchronization result is updated to the model mesh. If the two physical fields use different model meshes, interpolation methods based on spatial coordinates and physical quantities are needed to project the coupling parameter values ​​into the model mesh of the other physical field.

[0101] For ease of understanding, the following examples are provided, but are not intended to limit this application. As an example, multi-physics coupling calculations for lithium-ion batteries involve electrochemical, temperature, and stress fields. For each determined coupling parameter, its value is obtained from the model simulation results. For example, for the electrochemical and temperature fields, the amount of heat generated per unit current is determined as the coupling parameter. Analysis of the model simulation results reveals that 5 joules of heat are generated per ampere current under the current condition; this 5 joules is the coupling parameter value. If the three physics fields use the same model mesh, the obtained coupling parameter value is directly updated in the model mesh. For example, the value of 5 joules of heat generated per ampere current is synchronized to the temperature field model mesh to reflect the influence of the electrochemical field on the temperature field. If the three physics fields use different model meshes, taking the electrochemical and temperature fields as an example, the transformation relationship between the corresponding model meshes of the two physics fields is determined, and interpolation is performed based on spatial coordinates and physical quantities. For example, based on the coordinates of different locations inside the battery and physical quantities such as temperature and current, the heat generated per unit current in the electrochemical field is projected onto the model mesh of the temperature field, achieving parameter synchronization. A similar synchronization process is performed for any other two physical fields to be coupled, such as the stress field and the electrochemical field.

[0102] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the efficiency of coupling parameter synchronization is improved by mapping the coupling parameter values ​​based on the transformation relationship between model meshes.

[0103] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 Before step S10, the following steps are included:

[0104] Step A10: Determine the model mesh of the physical field to be coupled based on the size information of the battery cell.

[0105] In this embodiment, the battery cell is the object of multiphysics coupling calculation, and it is usually the core part of the battery; that is, a battery can be composed of several battery cells. The size information refers to the physical dimensions of the battery cell, such as its length, width, and height.

[0106] To improve the accuracy of the model mesh, a suitable model mesh is determined for each physical field to be coupled, based on the specific dimensions of the battery cell. For example, if the battery cell is a cuboid, a certain number of mesh elements can be divided according to its length, width, and height, with each mesh element representing a specific spatial range. For different physical fields such as electrochemical fields, temperature fields, and stress fields, different meshing methods can be used according to their characteristics and computational requirements, but all must be determined based on the dimensions of the battery cell.

[0107] To improve the computational efficiency of the model mesh, the model mesh of the electrochemical field is determined based on the size information of the battery cell as the first model mesh, and then the first model mesh is used as the model mesh for all physical fields to be coupled.

[0108] Optionally, step A10 includes either step A11 or step A12:

[0109] Step A11: Determine the first model grid of the electrochemical field based on the size information of the battery cell, and use the first model grid as the model grid of the physical field to be coupled.

[0110] In this embodiment, the first model grid is the model grid corresponding to the electrochemical field. This is because the electrochemical field is the core of the calculation in the multiphysics coupling calculation of the battery cell.

[0111] To obtain a more accurate model mesh, the physical dimensions of the battery cell, such as length, width, and height, are first determined. This dimensional information will serve as the basis for determining the model mesh. Based on the cell's dimensions, a suitable model mesh is determined for the electrochemical field. For example, the cell can be divided into a certain number of small mesh units in the length, width, and height directions, according to the electrode structure and ion transport characteristics. The specific division method can be adjusted according to the requirements of computational accuracy and efficiency. The determined first model mesh for the electrochemical field is used as the model mesh for all physical fields to be coupled, including the electrochemical field itself and other physical fields such as temperature and stress fields.

[0112] Using a uniform model mesh reduces the complexity of mesh transformations between different physics fields, thus improving computational efficiency. Furthermore, when synchronizing coupled parameters, since all physics fields use the same mesh, parameter synchronization can be more direct and efficient.

[0113] For ease of understanding, the following examples are provided, but they do not limit this application. As an example, the mesh in this model uses a cell-based unfolded mesh. For a battery with two cells, simulation can be performed on only one cell due to symmetry. For a single cell, by cutting and unfolding it according to the top view, the unfolded diagram can be obtained, i.e. Figure 3 As shown. The unfolded diagram is then divided into a non-uniform grid, with a finer grid used at corners, tops, and bottoms. Figure 4 As shown.

[0114] Furthermore, radial layering can be performed to reflect more information in the thickness direction. It can be noted that the inner corners are relatively shorter than the outer corners. Figure 5 As shown. A non-uniform grid is used, with finer grids at corners, tops, and bottoms. Figure 6 As shown.

[0115] Furthermore, a finer mesh can be used at the tabs at the top of the cell. Therefore, for the overall cell model mesh, the mesh size arrangement is as follows: corner < top < bottom < inner and outer surfaces.

[0116] Step A12: Based on the size information of the battery cell, determine the model mesh of each of the physical fields to be coupled.

[0117] To improve the accuracy of the model simulation calculations, similar to the method described above, the physical dimensions of the battery cell, such as length, width, and height, are first determined. For each physical field to be coupled, an independent model mesh is determined based on its own characteristics and computational requirements, using the cell's dimensional information. For example, the electrochemical field can be meshed based on the characteristics of electrode reaction kinetics and ion transport; the temperature field can be meshed based on the characteristics of heat conduction; and the stress field can be meshed based on mechanical properties. When determining the model mesh for each physical field, the coupling relationship between different physical fields needs to be considered, and the meshes should be spatially matched as much as possible to facilitate interpolation and other operations during subsequent parameter synchronization.

[0118] Personalized mesh generation based on the characteristics of different physical fields can better adapt to the computational needs of each field. For some special physical fields, using independent mesh generation can improve computational accuracy. In summary, in multiphysics coupling calculations of battery cells, appropriate methods can be selected to determine the model mesh for each physical field based on specific computational requirements and resource constraints.

[0119] Step A20: Fill the model mesh according to the initial parameters to determine the initial mesh.

[0120] In this embodiment, the initial parameters are initial values ​​set for each physical field to be coupled before the calculation begins, such as the initial electrode potential and ion concentration of the electrochemical field, the initial temperature distribution of the temperature field, and the initial stress distribution of the stress field. The initial mesh is the model mesh filled with the initial parameters, providing an initial state for subsequent calculations.

[0121] To improve simulation accuracy and avoid falling into cyclic solving, initial parameters are filled into a pre-defined model mesh to obtain an initial mesh. For example, for an electrochemical field, the set initial electrode potential and ion concentration are assigned to the corresponding mesh cells; for a temperature field, the set initial temperature value is assigned to each mesh cell; and for a stress field, the initial stress distribution value is assigned to the mesh cells.

[0122] Step A30: Calculate each of the physical fields to be coupled in parallel based on the initial grid and the calculation step size.

[0123] In this embodiment, the calculation step size is the time interval between the calculations of each physical field to be coupled. Different physical fields can use different calculation step sizes according to their characteristics and computational requirements. The calculation processes of each physical field to be coupled are performed simultaneously to improve computational efficiency.

[0124] To improve computational efficiency, starting from the initial grid, each physical field to be coupled is calculated in parallel based on its characteristics, computational requirements, and a set computational step size. For example, the electrochemical field is calculated using electrode reaction kinetics and ion transport equations with a certain computational step size; the temperature field is calculated using the heat conduction equation with another computational step size; and the stress field is calculated using the mechanical equilibrium equation with a corresponding computational step size. The calculation processes of each physical field are independent but also influence each other through coupling parameters.

[0125] For ease of understanding, the following example is provided, but it does not limit the scope of this application. As an example, multiphysics coupling calculations are performed on a lithium-ion battery cell of a specific size, involving electrochemical, temperature, and stress fields. First, the dimensions of the cell are obtained, assuming a length of 10 cm, a width of 5 cm, and a height of 2 cm. For the electrochemical field, based on the electrode structure and ion transport characteristics, the cell can be divided into a certain number of small grid units in the length, width, and height directions. For example, 100 units in the length direction, 50 units in the width direction, and 20 units in the height direction. Each grid unit represents a certain spatial range used to describe the distribution of parameters such as electrode potential and ion concentration. For the temperature field, based on the characteristics of thermal conduction, a slightly different grid division method can be used, such as 80 units in the length direction, 40 units in the width direction, and 15 units in the height direction, to describe the temperature distribution. For the stress field, the mesh is generated based on mechanical properties, for example, 90 elements along the length, 45 elements along the width, and 18 elements along the height, to describe the stress distribution. The model mesh is then non-uniformed, with the mesh size arranged in the order of corner < top < bottom < inner and outer surfaces. Initial parameters are set. For the electrochemical field, the initial electrode potential is set to a fixed value, while the ion concentration has different initial values ​​in different regions. These initial parameters are assigned to the mesh elements of the electrochemical field. For the temperature field, an initial temperature distribution is set, for example, the initial temperature of the entire cell is 25 degrees Celsius. This initial temperature value is assigned to the mesh elements of the temperature field. For the stress field, the initial stress distribution is set to zero or a small value. This initial stress value is assigned to the mesh elements of the stress field. The calculation step size is set. Assume the calculation step size for the electrochemical field is 1 second, the calculation step size for the temperature field is 5 seconds, and the calculation step size for the stress field is 10 seconds. Starting with the initial grid, the electrochemical field is calculated in 1-second increments based on electrode reaction kinetics and ion transport equations. This includes calculating changes in electrode potential and ion concentration diffusion. The temperature field is calculated in 5-second increments based on the heat conduction equations. Considering the heat generated by the electrochemical field and the influence of the external environment, the temperature distribution within the cell is calculated. The stress field is calculated in 10-second increments based on the mechanical equilibrium equations. Considering thermal expansion caused by the temperature field and deformation of the electrode material within the electrochemical field, the stress distribution within the cell is calculated.

[0126] Through the above implementation methods and examples, the model mesh and initial state can be determined for the multiphysics coupling calculation of the battery cell before the first system step begins, providing a foundation for subsequent calculations.

[0127] In some embodiments, the multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells further includes: pausing the model simulation calculation process if a second cutoff condition is met, wherein the second cutoff condition includes reaching the maximum calculation time and / or the occurrence of a calculation error.

[0128] In this embodiment, the first cutoff condition is a condition triggered at the cutoff time of each system step.

[0129] To ensure the simulation does not exceed the specified battery voltage, the first cutoff condition includes reaching the maximum battery voltage, reaching the minimum battery voltage, or reaching the maximum calculation time. This means that during the multiphysics coupling calculation of the battery cell, at the end of each system step, the battery voltage is checked to see if it has reached the set maximum or minimum voltage value. If it has, the corresponding operation is triggered. At the cutoff time of each system step, the battery voltage state is checked. If the battery voltage reaches the maximum or minimum battery voltage, appropriate actions are taken based on the specific situation, such as stopping the calculation, adjusting parameters, and then continuing the calculation.

[0130] In this embodiment, the second cutoff condition is a condition triggered at any point in time during the calculation process.

[0131] To ensure the accuracy of the simulation results, the second cutoff condition includes reaching the maximum computation time and / or encountering a computational error. The maximum computation time is a time limit set to prevent indefinite computation; when this maximum time is reached, the simulation process will be paused regardless of whether the computation is complete. Computational errors may include numerical overflow, algorithm non-convergence, etc. If these problems occur, the computation must also be paused for inspection and handling. During the computation, the computation time and status are monitored in real time. If the computation time reaches the set maximum time, or if a computational error occurs, such as numerical overflow or algorithm non-convergence, the simulation process will be paused.

[0132] For ease of understanding, the following example is provided, but it does not limit the scope of this application. As an example, a multiphysics coupling calculation for a lithium-ion battery is performed, with a system step size set to one every 10 minutes. At the cutoff point of each system step, the battery voltage is checked. If the battery voltage reaches the set maximum battery voltage of 4.2 volts, the first cutoff condition is triggered, the calculation stops, and the current calculation result is output. Simultaneously, the maximum calculation time is set to 2 hours. If the calculation has not been completed after 2 hours, the second cutoff condition is triggered, the calculation is paused, and the calculation process is checked for problems or whether parameter adjustments are needed before continuing the calculation.

[0133] For ease of understanding, the following example is provided, but it does not limit the scope of this application. As an example, another multiphysics coupling calculation for a lithium-ion battery is performed, with a system step size of 15 minutes. At the end of each system step, the battery voltage is checked to see if it has reached the minimum battery voltage of 2.5 volts. If it has, the first cutoff condition is triggered, and corresponding measures are taken, such as adjusting the input parameters and recalculating. During the calculation, if a calculation error due to numerical overflow occurs, the second cutoff condition is immediately triggered, the calculation is paused, the cause of the error is analyzed and corrected, and then the calculation continues.

[0134] For ease of understanding, the following example is provided, but it does not limit the scope of this application. As an example, the system step size is set to one every 8 minutes. At the end of each system step, the battery voltage is checked to ensure it is within the normal range. If the battery voltage reaches its maximum or minimum value, a first cutoff condition is triggered, and appropriate processing is performed. The maximum computation time is set to 1.5 hours. During computation, if the time reaches 1.5 hours, a second cutoff condition is triggered, pausing the computation and evaluating the reliability of the current computation results to determine whether to continue computation or adjust the computation strategy.

[0135] By setting cutoff conditions, the multiphysics simulation calculation process of the battery cell can be executed accurately, improving the fit between the simulation results and the actual results.

[0136] In some embodiments, the step of executing the model simulation calculation processes of each of the coupled physical fields in parallel includes:

[0137] Step S31: Use the synchronization result corresponding to the current system step size as the initial value for calculation.

[0138] In this embodiment, the synchronization result corresponding to the current system step size is the result of synchronizing the coupling parameters between each physical field to be coupled within the current system step size. This result reflects the state of each physical field and the coupling relationship between them at the cutoff time of the current system step size. The initial values ​​are the initial values ​​used for calculating the next system step size. Each physical field to be coupled has a corresponding initial value.

[0139] To improve the accuracy of initial values ​​calculated within each system step, the results of synchronizing the coupling parameters between the physical fields to be coupled in the current system step are extracted and used as the initial values ​​for the next system step. For example, if specific heat values ​​and electrode potential values ​​are obtained after synchronizing the coupling parameters of the electrochemical field and temperature field in the current system step, these values ​​will be used as the initial values ​​for the electrochemical field and temperature field calculations in the next system step.

[0140] Step S32: Based on the initial calculation values, calculate each of the physical fields to be coupled in parallel within the model mesh of each physical field to be coupled, so as to execute the model simulation calculation process.

[0141] To improve the efficiency of simulation calculations, starting with initial values, calculations for each physical field are performed simultaneously within the model mesh of each field to be coupled. For example, the electrochemical field is calculated within its model mesh based on electrode reaction kinetics and ion transport equations, with a certain calculation step size; the temperature field is calculated within its model mesh based on the heat conduction equations; and the stress field is calculated within its model mesh based on the mechanical equilibrium equations. The calculation processes of each physical field are independent but also influence each other through coupling parameters.

[0142] Optionally, step S32 includes:

[0143] Step S321: Determine the calculation step size for each of the physical fields to be coupled;

[0144] Step S322: Based on the initial calculation values ​​within the model mesh of each of the physical fields to be coupled, calculate each of the physical fields to be coupled in parallel based on the calculation step size.

[0145] To ensure the simulation process matches the actual changes in each physical field to be coupled, the physical characteristics and variation patterns of each field, such as the electrochemical field, temperature field, and stress field, are analyzed. For example, the electrode reactions and ion transport processes in the electrochemical field typically change over a short timescale, while the heat conduction in the temperature field and the mechanical changes in the stress field may be relatively slow. A suitable calculation step size is determined based on the required computational accuracy and computational resource constraints. A step size that is too small, while improving accuracy, increases computation time and resource consumption; conversely, a step size that is too large may reduce accuracy, leading to inaccurate results. The calculation step size for each physical field is determined using experimental data or previous computational experience. For example, for similar multi-physics coupling calculation problems involving battery cells, some reasonable calculation step size ranges have been identified and can be adjusted and optimized based on these. The results synchronized in the previous system step are used as initial values ​​and loaded into the model mesh of each physical field to be coupled. Examples include initial values ​​for the electrode potential and ion concentration in the electrochemical field, the temperature distribution in the temperature field, and the stress distribution in the stress field. Within the model grid of each physical field, calculations for each physical field to be coupled are performed simultaneously according to a determined calculation step size. For the electrochemical field, calculations are performed based on electrode reaction kinetics and ion transport equations, with a specific calculation step size. For example, parameters such as electrode potential and ion concentration are updated after each calculation step. For the temperature field, calculations are performed based on the heat conduction equation, with a specific calculation step size. The temperature distribution is updated considering the heat generated by the electrochemical field and the influence of the external environment. For the stress field, calculations are performed based on the mechanical equilibrium equations, with a specific calculation step size. The stress distribution is updated considering factors such as thermal expansion caused by the temperature field and deformation of electrode materials in the electrochemical field. Within the nth system step, during the parallel calculation process before the cutoff time corresponding to this system step, there is no data interaction or mutual influence between the physical fields; instead, the parameters are synchronously coupled at the cutoff time.

[0146] In summary, by determining the computational step size of each physical field to be coupled and performing parallel computations within the model grid based on the initial values, multi-physics coupling computations of the battery cell can be performed effectively, improving computational efficiency and accuracy.

[0147] For ease of understanding, the following example is provided, but it does not limit this application. As an example, a multi-physics coupling calculation for a lithium-ion battery involves electrochemical, temperature, and stress fields. At the cutoff time of the nth system step, the battery voltage is checked. Assuming the battery voltage has neither reached the maximum nor the minimum battery voltage, the first cutoff condition is not met, and preparation is made to proceed to the (n+1)th system step. In the nth system step, after synchronization of the coupling parameters, the electrode potential of the electrochemical field is obtained as a constant value, the temperature distribution of the temperature field is in a specific state, and the stress distribution of the stress field also has corresponding results. These synchronization results will be used as the initial values ​​for the calculation of the (n+1)th system step. The model meshes for each physics field have been determined in previous steps. For example, the model mesh for the electrochemical field is divided according to the electrode structure and ion transport characteristics; the model mesh for the temperature field is divided according to the thermal conductivity characteristics; and the model mesh for the stress field is divided according to the mechanical properties. Using the synchronization results of the nth system step as the initial values, each physics field to be coupled is calculated in parallel in the (n+1)th system step. The electrochemical field is calculated within its model grid at specific calculation steps, based on electrode reaction kinetics and ion transport equations, such as calculating changes in electrode potential and ion concentration every 1 second. The temperature field is calculated within its model grid at a different calculation step, based on the heat conduction equations, such as calculating temperature distribution changes every 5 seconds. The stress field is calculated within its model grid at a corresponding calculation step, based on the mechanical equilibrium equations, such as calculating stress distribution changes every 10 seconds. The calculations of each physical field are performed simultaneously, independently yet influencing each other through coupling parameters.

[0148] Through the above implementation methods and examples, even if the first cutoff condition is not met, the system can smoothly enter the next system step and perform parallel calculations of each physical field to be coupled, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of multi-physics coupling calculations of the battery cell.

[0149] In some embodiments, prior to step S10, the following is included:

[0150] Step B1: Based on the click operation received by the first interactive control or preset information, determine at least one of the physical fields to be coupled.

[0151] In this embodiment, the first interactive control is a user interface element, which may be in the form of a button, drop-down menu, checkbox, etc., and is used to receive user operation instructions in order to determine the physical field to be coupled.

[0152] To enhance the versatility of physics coupling calculations, a primary interactive control is incorporated into the software interface or system for multiphysics coupling calculations of battery cells. This control can be presented in various forms, such as a set of checkboxes on a graphical user interface, each checkbox corresponding to a possible physics field to be coupled; or a drop-down menu from which the user can select the physics field to be coupled.

[0153] In this embodiment, the click operation is an action performed by the user on the first interactive control through mouse clicks, screen touches, or other means. The preset information consists of pre-defined rules or conditions, based on which the physical fields to be coupled can be automatically determined. For example, based on a specific computational task type, a pre-defined combination of physical fields to be coupled can be set.

[0154] To enhance the diversity of physics coupling calculations, when a user selects the first interactive control via a click, the system determines the physics fields to be coupled based on the user's selection. For example, if the user selects the electrochemical field and the temperature field in the checkboxes, then these two physics fields are identified as the physics fields to be coupled.

[0155] To improve the convenience of physical field coupling calculations, if preset information exists in the system, the physical fields to be coupled can be automatically determined based on this information. For example, for a specific battery performance analysis task, the preset information specifies that an electrochemical field, a temperature field, and a stress field need to be coupled. At the start of the calculation, the system automatically identifies these three physical fields as the physical fields to be coupled.

[0156] For ease of understanding, the following example is provided, but it does not limit this application. As an example, a multiphysics coupling calculation software for a battery cell was developed. The software interface has a set of checkboxes as the first interactive control, including but not limited to chemical field, temperature field, stress field, electric field, and concentration field. The user opens the software, preparing to perform a multiphysics coupling calculation for a battery cell. Based on the requirements of this calculation, the user selects the electrochemical field and temperature field from the checkboxes on the software interface. After receiving the user's click, the system determines that the physical fields to be coupled in this calculation are the electrochemical field and the temperature field.

[0157] For ease of understanding, the following examples are provided, but they do not limit this application. As an example, the software presets different calculation task types. For instance, the "Rapid Performance Evaluation" task presets the coupling of an electrochemical field and a temperature field, while the "Comprehensive Performance Analysis" task presets the coupling of an electrochemical field, a temperature field, a stress field, an electric field, and a concentration field. The user selects the "Rapid Performance Evaluation" task. Based on the preset information, the system automatically determines that the physical fields to be coupled in this calculation are the electrochemical field and the temperature field.

[0158] By setting up a first interactive control and determining the physical field to be coupled based on user operation or preset information, the flexibility and modularity of multi-physics coupling calculation of battery cells can be realized, meeting different calculation needs.

[0159] In some embodiments, prior to the step of synchronizing the coupling parameters between the physical fields to be coupled based on the model simulation results, the following steps are included:

[0160] Step B2, determine the first coupling parameter between the electrochemical field and any of the other physical fields.

[0161] In this embodiment, the electrochemical field is one of the physical fields in the multi-physics coupling calculation of the battery cell, mainly involving processes such as electrode reactions and ion transport. Other physical fields are those to be coupled, such as temperature and stress fields, in addition to the electrochemical field. The first coupling parameter is used to describe the interaction between the electrochemical field and other physical fields.

[0162] To enhance the diversity of coupling processes, the interaction mechanisms between the electrochemical field and various other physical fields are analyzed, and parameters that can quantify these interactions are identified as the first coupling parameters. For example, between the electrochemical field and the temperature field, the amount of heat generated per unit current can be used as the first coupling parameter to reflect the influence of the electrochemical field on the temperature field; between the electrochemical field and the stress field, the rate of change of conductivity of the electrode material caused by stress changes can be used as the first coupling parameter to measure the magnitude of the effect of the stress field on the electrochemical field.

[0163] Step B3: Determine the second coupling parameters between each pair of the other physical fields.

[0164] In this embodiment, the second coupling parameter is a parameter used to describe the pairwise interaction relationships between other physical fields.

[0165] To enhance the diversity of the coupling process, the interactions between various other physical fields are analyzed, and corresponding coupling parameters are determined as secondary coupling parameters. For example, the coefficient of thermal expansion can be used as a secondary coupling parameter between the temperature field and the stress field to reflect the influence of temperature changes on the stress field.

[0166] Step B4, using the first coupling parameter and the second coupling parameter as the coupling parameter.

[0167] To improve the completeness of the coupling parameters, the determined first and second coupling parameters are combined as the coupling parameters for the entire multiphysics coupling calculation. In subsequent calculations, parameter synchronization and coupling calculations between physics fields are performed based on these coupling parameters.

[0168] For ease of understanding, examples are given below, but these are not intended to limit the scope of this application. As an example, see [reference to...]. Figure 7The physical fields to be coupled include a temperature field, an electric field, an electrochemical field, a stress field, and a concentration field. The first coupling parameter between the electrochemical field and the temperature field is determined to be temperature. The first coupling parameters between the electrochemical field and the electric field are determined to be current distribution, equivalent voltage, and equivalent resistance. The first coupling parameters between the electrochemical field and the stress field are determined to be lithium loss, porosity, and electrode thickness. The first coupling parameter between the electrochemical field and the concentration field is determined to be the liquid-phase lithium ion concentration. The second coupling parameters between the stress field and the concentration field are determined to be porosity and liquid-phase lithium ion concentration.

[0169] The electrochemical field uses a pseudo-two-dimensional model (P2D model). The P2D model mainly consists of the following five parts, using Fick's diffusion law to describe the concentration of solid-phase lithium ions in spherical particles;

[0170]

[0171] Where c s Let be the solid phase concentration, t be the time step, and D be the solid phase concentration. s denoted as the diffusion coefficient, r as the position of the solid particle along its radius, j as the surface current density, F as the Faraday constant, and R as the solid particle radius.

[0172] Diffusion and electromigration are used to describe the lithium-ion concentration in the electrolyte and separator.

[0173]

[0174] Where ε l c represents the porosity of the corresponding region. l Let x be the liquid phase concentration, x be the position along the thickness direction, and D be the position along the thickness direction. eff,l t is the effective liquid phase diffusion coefficient. + denoted as the lithium ion transport number in the electrolyte, a as the specific surface area of ​​the solid particles, j(x,t) as the concentration flux at that point, and L as the total thickness of the electrode.

[0175] Using Ohm's law to describe the solid-phase potential in an electrode;

[0176]

[0177] Where σ s,eff Φ represents the effective conductivity of the solid phase. s This is the solid-state potential.

[0178] The liquid phase potential in the electrolyte and the separator is described using Ohm's law and Kirchhoff's law.

[0179]

[0180] Where σ l,eff Φ is the effective conductivity of the liquid phase. lThis represents the liquid phase potential.

[0181] The Butler-Folmer equation is used to describe the electrochemical reactions at the solid-liquid interface:

[0182]

[0183] Where i0 is the exchange current density, k a and k c These are the rate constants for the anode and cathode reactions, respectively, α a and α c η is the transfer coefficient of the anode and cathode, respectively; η is the overpotential of the electrode reaction; R is the gas constant; and T is the temperature.

[0184] In addition, the following coupling parameters need to be calculated for interactions with other physical fields:

[0185] Electrochemical heat generation, where I is the total current:

[0186] Q Ec =ηI

[0187] Equivalent voltage and equivalent resistance, derived from Thevenin's theorem, mean that a battery can be expressed as an equivalent voltage and equivalent resistance. Where U... batt Battery voltage, DCR total The total DCR value can be obtained in the P2D calculation process described above, and will not be detailed here.

[0188] R eq =DCR total

[0189] U eq =U batt +IR eq

[0190] For lithium loss, if the model needs to consider the lifespan degradation process, then the lithium loss n of the cell needs to be calculated here. LiLoss This value can be obtained in the P2D calculation process described above, and will not be detailed here.

[0191] Regarding the electric field, in this embodiment, the electric field is used to distribute the current in each grid. The equivalent voltage U obtained from the P2D model above... eq and equivalent resistance R eq Combined with the current collector resistor, the equivalent circuit of JR can be obtained. The governing equation of this physical field is Ohm's law.

[0192]

[0193] Regarding the temperature field, in this embodiment, the model only considers the heat generation of the battery cell, the Joule heating at the tabs, and the heat transfer from the external environment of the battery cell. The external environment includes air, the water-cooled plate, and other battery cells that may be present nearby. The heat conduction within the battery cell and between the battery cell and the external environment can be represented as follows:

[0194] Q = Q EC +Q env

[0195]

[0196] In the formula, m is the mass, c is the specific heat capacity, and Q is the specific heat capacity. EC Q represents the electrochemical heat generation power. env The total thermal power of the environment (including heating and cooling) is given by ΔT, where k is the thermal conductivity, A is the contact area, D is the thickness, and ΔT is the temperature difference.

[0197] Regarding the stress field, in this embodiment, the effects of external force, lithium loss, and liquid lithium ion concentration are considered; the specific formulas are not detailed here. Where F... ext Let G represent the external force, and let G represent the overall stress relationship.

[0198] σ=G(F ext ,n LiLoss ,c l )

[0199] The stress field affects the porosity and thickness of the porous electrode; the specific relationship will not be detailed here.

[0200] In this embodiment, the concentration field refers to the distribution field of lithium ion concentration in the electrolyte within the cell. Considering the movement of the electrolyte in the porous electrode and the influence of the stress field, Darcy's law is used to describe it.

[0201]

[0202] In the formula, Q is the volumetric flow rate, κ is the liquid permeability, A is the equivalent cross-sectional area, μ is the fluid viscosity, L is the pressure drop length, and Δp is the pressure change over length L. The stress field described above affects porosity, which in turn affects liquid permeability, thus influencing the concentration field.

[0203] The coupling relationship of the above physical fields can be represented by the following figure. It should be noted that the relationship in the figure can also be added or removed according to actual needs. For example, if the activation energy of the parameters in each physical field needs to be considered, the temperature in the thermal model needs to be introduced. If the cell life decay is not considered, the lithium loss term can be removed.

[0204] Through the above implementation methods and examples, the coupling parameters in multiphysics coupling calculations can be flexibly determined, improving the accuracy and adaptability of the calculations.

[0205] In some embodiments, after determining the second coupling parameters between each pair of the other physical fields, the method includes:

[0206] Step B5: Display the first coupling parameter and the second coupling parameter in the second interactive control.

[0207] In this embodiment, the second interactive control is a user interface element used to display coupling parameters and receive user operation commands to determine the selected parameters. It can be in the form of a list, table, etc.

[0208] To enhance the diversity of coupling parameter selection, the determined first and second coupling parameters are clearly displayed on the second interactive control. For example, the name, description, and value of each coupling parameter can be listed in a table format on the software interface for easy viewing and selection by the user.

[0209] Step B7: Determine the selected parameters based on the click operation received by the second interactive control.

[0210] Step B8: Use the selected parameter as the coupling parameter.

[0211] In this embodiment, the click operation is an action performed by the user on the second interactive control through mouse clicks, screen touches, or other means. The selected parameter is a parameter chosen by the user from the displayed first coupling parameter and second coupling parameter for subsequent calculations.

[0212] To enhance the diversity of coupling parameter selection, users can click on a second interactive control to select coupling parameters they deem important or necessary. The system determines the selected parameters based on the user's selection. For example, if the user checks certain coupling parameters in a table, the system designates these checked parameters as the selected parameters. These user-selected parameters are then used as the coupling parameters in the entire multiphysics coupling calculation. In subsequent calculations, parameter synchronization and coupling calculations between physics fields are performed based on these selected parameters.

[0213] For ease of understanding, the following examples are provided, but are not intended to limit this application. As an example, assume that a multi-physics coupling calculation of a lithium-ion battery has been performed, and the first coupling parameter between the electrochemical field and the temperature field has been determined, such as the amount of heat generated per unit current; the first coupling parameter between the electrochemical field and the stress field, such as the rate of change of conductivity of the electrode material caused by stress changes; and the second coupling parameter between the temperature field and the stress field, such as the coefficient of thermal expansion.

[0214] A second interactive control, presented as a table, is created on the software interface to list the three coupling parameters, including their names, descriptions, and current values. For example: Parameter Name: Heat generated per unit current; Description: Reflects the influence of the electrochemical field on the temperature field; Value: 5 Joules of heat are generated per ampere of current. Parameter Name: Rate of change of electrode material conductivity due to stress change; Description: Measures the effect of the stress field on the electrochemical field; Value: Conductivity decreases by 0.1% for every 1 MPa increase in stress. Parameter Name: Coefficient of thermal expansion; Description: Reflects the influence of temperature field changes on the stress field; Value: The linear expansion coefficient of the battery material is constant when the temperature increases by 1 degree Celsius. The user views the coupling parameters displayed on the second interactive control and selects them according to the needs of the calculation. For example, if the user considers the influence of the electrochemical field on the temperature field and the influence of temperature field changes on the stress field to be important in this calculation, they will check the parameters "Heat generated per unit current" and "Coefficient of thermal expansion" in the table. After receiving the user's click, the system confirms that the selected parameters are "Heat generated per unit current" and "Coefficient of thermal expansion". In subsequent calculations, the system uses the amount of heat generated per unit current and the coefficient of thermal expansion selected by the user as coupling parameters. Based on these parameters, it performs parameter synchronization and coupling calculations between physical fields. For example, at the cutoff point of the current system step, the interactions between the electrochemical field, temperature field, and stress field are synchronized based on these two parameters, and then parallel calculations are performed in the next system step.

[0215] Through the above implementation methods and examples, the coupling parameters in multiphysics coupling calculations can be flexibly determined according to the user's needs, thereby improving the relevance and practicality of the calculations.

[0216] In some embodiments, after step S20, the following is included:

[0217] Step S40: If the first cutoff condition is met, generate the initial cell coupling model.

[0218] In this embodiment, the initial cell coupling model is a model obtained by performing multi-physics coupling calculations on a single cell, which includes the state and parameters of the cell under different physical fields.

[0219] To visually represent the simulation results of the battery cell, at each cutoff point in the multiphysics coupling calculation process, it is monitored whether the first cutoff condition is met. When the first cutoff condition is met, an initial battery cell coupling model is generated based on the current calculation results. This model reflects the characteristics of a single battery cell under multiphysics coupling.

[0220] Step S50: The initial cell coupling model is copied proportionally according to a set multiple and combined into a cell coupling model.

[0221] In this embodiment, the set factor is determined based on actual needs, representing a multiple of the replicated initial cell coupling model. For example, to simulate a battery composed of multiple cells, the set factor can be determined based on the number of cells in the battery. The cell coupling model is a model composed of multiple replicated initial cell coupling models, used to simulate the multiphysics coupling characteristics of the entire battery. (Refer to...) Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a cell coupling model for a battery with two cells.

[0222] To improve the efficiency of multiphysics coupling simulation calculations for batteries, after determining a set multiplier, the initial cell coupling model is replicated proportionally according to that multiplier. The replicated models are then combined in space according to the actual arrangement of the cells to form a cell coupling model. This allows for the rapid construction of the entire battery model through simulation calculations of individual cells, thus improving computational efficiency.

[0223] For ease of understanding, the following examples are provided, but they do not limit the scope of this application. As an example, multiphysics coupling calculations are performed on a battery consisting of 10 lithium-ion cells.

[0224] During the multiphysics coupling calculation of a single lithium-ion cell, the battery voltage and calculation time are monitored at each cutoff point. If the battery voltage reaches its maximum or minimum value, or the calculation time reaches its maximum, the first cutoff condition is met. At this point, an initial cell coupling model is generated based on the current calculation results. This model includes parameters such as electrode potential, temperature distribution, and stress distribution of the single cell under physical fields such as electrochemical field, temperature field, and stress field. The number of cells in the battery to be simulated is determined to be 10, so a multiplier of 10 is set. The initial cell coupling model is replicated proportionally according to the set multiplier of 10. Each replicated model is identical to the initial model. The 10 replicated models are spatially combined according to the actual arrangement of the cells in the battery. For example, if the cells in the battery are arranged in a matrix, the replicated models are arranged and combined in a matrix form. The combined model is the cell coupling model, used to simulate the multiphysics coupling characteristics of the entire battery. This model allows for the analysis of the battery's performance and behavior under different operating conditions.

[0225] Through the above implementation methods and examples, the simulation calculation results of a single cell can be used to quickly construct a multiphysics coupling model of the entire battery, providing an effective tool for battery design and optimization.

[0226] In some embodiments, the multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells further includes:

[0227] Step S60: If a parameter output instruction from the third interactive control is received, the battery parameters corresponding to the parameter output instruction are displayed in the cell coupling model corresponding to the cell.

[0228] In this embodiment, the third interactive control is a user interface element used to receive user operation commands and trigger parameter output functions. It can be in the form of a button, menu option, etc. The parameter output command is an instruction issued by the user through the third interactive control, requesting the display of specific battery parameters or battery parameters for a specific calculation time. Battery parameters are various parameters involved in the multiphysics coupling calculation of the battery cell, such as battery voltage, temperature distribution, stress distribution, etc.

[0229] To display the battery parameters required by the user, the system continuously monitors for parameter output commands from a third-party interactive control during the multiphysics coupling calculation of the battery cell. When the user triggers the third-party interactive control by clicking a button, selecting a menu option, or similar means, the system receives the parameter output command. Once received, the system extracts the corresponding battery parameters from the battery cell's coupling model and displays them on the user interface. These parameters are presented as a 3D model of the battery cell, allowing the user to intuitively understand the battery's state at a specific calculation time or under specific query conditions.

[0230] For ease of understanding, the following examples are provided, but are not intended to limit this application. As an example, multiphysics coupling calculations for lithium-ion batteries are being performed, and a cell coupling model has been constructed.

[0231] During the calculation process, the user wants to view the current battery temperature distribution at a specific point in time. The user clicks the third interactive control on the software interface, triggering a parameter output command to display the battery temperature parameters. The system receives this parameter output command. Based on the parameter output command, the system extracts the battery temperature distribution data at the current time point from the cell coupling model. The battery temperature distribution is then displayed on the user interface as a heatmap, allowing the user to intuitively see the temperature conditions at different locations.

[0232] Through the above implementation methods and examples, users can query specific battery parameters at any time during the multiphysics coupling calculation of the battery cell, which improves the interactivity and practicality of the calculation method.

[0233] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 9 The multi-physics coupling calculation method for battery cells includes steps S103-S108. S103: Start the multi-physics model simulation calculation of the battery cell.

[0234] S104: Parameter initialization. Fill the initial parameters of the battery cell into the preset grid of each physical field.

[0235] S105: Multiphysics Calculation. Taking the aforementioned five physics fields as an example, parallel computing strategies can be used to calculate all physics fields simultaneously. Furthermore, each part uses a reduced-order model or empirical model to improve computation speed and save total computation time.

[0236] Note that the "decoupling" calculation method is used here, which involves a "system step size." This means that the overall system state is updated using the system step size. In the next system step size, each physics field performs calculations using its own physics field step size, with the system step size serving as the time cutoff. After all physics fields have completed their calculations, the parameters are updated to the latest state in S106. (Refer to...) Figure 10 In the figure, t0 to t3 represent the total physical time points, at which the parameters of each physical field will be synchronized; the system step size is the difference between two adjacent time points, denoted as Δt. sys Meanwhile, Δt P2D , Δt current , Δt thermal , Δt cl and Δt stress These represent the step size for each physical field. Note that the step size for each physical field can be freely chosen according to the actual calculation conditions of your physical field. If the physical field changes frequently, a small step size, such as Δt, can be selected. P2D If the change is slow, a larger step size, such as Δt, can be chosen. cl This makes the solution of each physics field more flexible, eliminating the need to solve them all with a uniform step size, thus reducing the overall computation time. All physics fields only need to update all coupled parameters in S106 when the system step size is reached. S106: Parameter synchronization. As mentioned above, according to... Figure 7 The arrows and coupling parameters are used to update the coupling parameters in each physics field, allowing each physics field to use the updated parameters to enter the next loop. S107: Determine if the cutoff condition is met. Cutoff conditions generally include whether the maximum / minimum battery voltage has been reached, whether the maximum calculation time has been reached, and whether a calculation error has occurred. If the cutoff condition is met, proceed to the end step; otherwise, proceed to S105 to calculate the next time step. S108: End the multiphysics model simulation calculation of the battery cell.

[0237] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a cell multiphysics coupling calculation device, which includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to execute the cell multiphysics coupling calculation method in Embodiment 1 above.

[0238] The following is for reference. Figure 11The diagram illustrates a structural schematic suitable for implementing a cell multiphysics coupling computing device according to the embodiments of this application. The cell multiphysics coupling computing device in the embodiments of this application may include, but is not limited to, terminals with simulation computing capabilities such as mobile phones, laptops, tablets, desktop computers, and supercomputers. Figure 11 The multiphysics coupling computing device for battery cells shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitations on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of this application.

[0239] like Figure 11 As shown, the battery cell multiphysics coupling computing device may include a processing unit 1001 (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, etc.), which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in read-only memory (ROM) 1002 or a program loaded from storage device 1003 into random access memory (RAM) 1004. The RAM 1004 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the battery cell multiphysics coupling computing device. The processing unit 1001, ROM 1002, and RAM 1004 are interconnected via a bus 1005. An input / output (I / O) interface 1006 is also connected to the bus. Typically, the following systems can be connected to I / O interface 1006: input devices 1007 including, for example, touchscreens, touchpads, keyboards, mice, image sensors, microphones, accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.; output devices 1008 including, for example, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), speakers, vibrators, etc.; storage devices 1003 including, for example, magnetic tapes, hard disks, etc.; and communication devices 1009. Communication device 1009 allows the cell multiphysics coupling computing device to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data. Although cell multiphysics coupling computing devices with various systems are shown in the figures, it should be understood that it is not required to implement or possess all the systems shown. More or fewer systems can be implemented alternatively.

[0240] Specifically, according to the embodiments disclosed in this application, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments disclosed in this application include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication device, or installed from storage device 1003, or installed from ROM 1002. When the computer program is executed by processing device 1001, it performs the functions defined in the methods of the embodiments disclosed in this application.

[0241] The multiphysics coupling calculation device for battery cells provided in this application, employing the multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells in the above embodiments, can solve the technical problem that related technologies completely lose the true physical information of the battery cell, resulting in poor consistency between the modeling results and the actual situation. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the multiphysics coupling calculation device for battery cells provided in this application are the same as those of the multiphysics coupling calculation device for battery cells provided in the above embodiments, and other technical features in this multiphysics coupling calculation device for battery cells are the same as those disclosed in the method of the previous embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0242] It should be understood that the various parts disclosed in this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0243] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0244] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions (i.e., a computer program) stored thereon, the computer-readable program instructions being used to execute the cell multiphysics coupling calculation method in the above embodiments.

[0245] The computer-readable storage medium provided in this application may be, for example, a USB flash drive, but is not limited to, electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: electrical connections having one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, system, or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable storage medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical cables, RF (Radio Frequency), etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0246] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may be included in the cell multiphysics coupling computing device; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the cell multiphysics coupling computing device.

[0247] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs. When the aforementioned one or more programs are executed by the cell multiphysics coupling calculation device, the cell multiphysics coupling calculation device: obtains the model simulation calculation results of the physical fields to be coupled at the cutoff time of the current system step, wherein the physical fields to be coupled include an electrochemical field and at least one other physical field; based on the model simulation calculation results, synchronizes the coupling parameters between the physical fields to be coupled; if the first cutoff condition is not met, enters the next system step and executes the model simulation calculation process of each physical field to be coupled in parallel.

[0248] Computer program code for performing the operations of this application can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN)—or can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0249] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0250] The modules described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in software or hardware. The names of the modules do not necessarily limit the functionality of the unit itself.

[0251] The readable storage medium provided in this application is a computer-readable storage medium that stores computer-readable program instructions (i.e., a computer program) for executing the above-described multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells. This solves the technical problem that related technologies completely lose the true physical information of the battery cell, resulting in poor consistency between the modeling results and the actual situation. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer-readable storage medium provided in this application are the same as those of the multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells provided in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0252] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described multi-physics coupling calculation method for battery cells.

[0253] The computer program product provided in this application can solve the technical problem that related technologies completely lose the true physical information of the battery cell, resulting in poor consistency between the modeling results and the actual situation. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer program product provided in this application are the same as the beneficial effects of the multi-physics coupling calculation method for battery cells provided in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0254] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent scope of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-physics coupling calculation method for battery cells, characterized in that, At the nth system step, the multiphysics coupling calculation method for the battery cell includes: Obtain the model simulation calculation results of the physical field to be coupled at the cutoff time of the current system step, wherein the physical field to be coupled includes an electrochemical field and at least one other physical field; Based on the simulation results of the model, the coupling parameters between the physical fields to be coupled are synchronized. If the first cutoff condition is not met, proceed to the next system step and execute the model simulation calculation process of each of the physical fields to be coupled in parallel.

2. The multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of synchronizing the coupling parameters between the physical fields to be coupled based on the simulation results of the model includes: Obtain the coupling parameter values ​​of each coupling parameter in the model simulation calculation results; Parameter synchronization is performed based on the transformation relationship between any two model meshes corresponding to the physical fields to be coupled, and the coupling parameter values.

3. The multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells as described in claim 1, characterized in that, If, before the step of obtaining the model simulation calculation results of the physical field to be coupled at the cutoff time of the current system step in the first system step, the following are included: The model mesh of the physical field to be coupled is determined based on the size information of the battery cell; The initial mesh is determined by filling the model mesh with the initial parameters; Each of the physical fields to be coupled is calculated in parallel based on the initial grid and the calculation step size.

4. The multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The step of determining the model mesh of the physical field to be coupled based on the size information of the battery cell includes: Based on the size information of the battery cell, a first model grid for the electrochemical field is determined, and this first model grid is used as the model grid for the physical field to be coupled; or... Based on the size information of the battery cell, the model mesh of each of the physical fields to be coupled is determined.

5. The multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of executing the model simulation calculation processes of each of the physical fields to be coupled in parallel include: The initial value for calculation is based on the synchronization result corresponding to the current system step size; Based on the initial values ​​calculated within the model mesh of each of the physical fields to be coupled, the model simulation calculation process is executed in parallel for each of the physical fields to be coupled.

6. The multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The step of calculating each of the physical fields to be coupled in parallel within the model mesh of each of the physical fields to be coupled based on the initial calculated values ​​includes: Determine the calculation step size for each of the physical fields to be coupled; Based on the initial values ​​calculated within the model grid of each of the physical fields to be coupled, each of the physical fields to be coupled is calculated in parallel based on the calculation step size.

7. The multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first cutoff condition includes: reaching the maximum battery voltage, reaching the minimum battery voltage, or reaching the maximum calculation time. The cell multiphysics coupling calculation method further includes: If the second cutoff condition is met, the simulation calculation process of the model is suspended. The second cutoff condition includes reaching the maximum calculation time and / or the occurrence of a calculation error.

8. The multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before the step of obtaining the model simulation calculation results of the physical field to be coupled at the cutoff time of the current system step, the following steps are included: Based on the click operation received by the first interactive control, or preset information, at least one of the physical fields to be coupled is determined.

9. The multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before the step of synchronizing the coupling parameters between the physical fields to be coupled based on the simulation calculation results of the model, the following steps are included: Determine a first coupling parameter between the electrochemical field and any of the other physical fields; Determine the second coupling parameters between each pair of the other physical fields; The first coupling parameter and the second coupling parameter are used as the coupling parameters.

10. The multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells as described in claim 9, characterized in that, After the step of determining the second coupling parameters between each pair of the other physical fields, the following steps are included: The first coupling parameter and the second coupling parameter are displayed in the second interactive control; The selected parameters are determined based on the click operation received by the second interactive control; The selected parameter is used as the coupling parameter.

11. The multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After the step of synchronizing the coupling parameters between the physical fields to be coupled based on the simulation calculation results of the model, the following steps are included: If the first cutoff condition is met, an initial cell coupling model is generated. The initial cell coupling model is replicated proportionally according to a set multiple and combined to form a cell coupling model.

12. The multiphysics coupling calculation method for battery cells as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-physics coupling calculation method for battery cells also includes: If a parameter output command is received from the third interactive control, the battery parameters corresponding to the parameter output command are displayed in the battery cell coupling model corresponding to the battery cell.

13. A multiphysics coupling computing device for battery cells, characterized in that, The battery cell multiphysics coupling calculation device includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program being configured to implement the steps of the battery cell multiphysics coupling calculation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. A storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the cell multi-physics coupling calculation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

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