Method and system for evaluating regional parking resource supply level

Abstract

The application provides a regional parking resource supply level evaluation method and system, and relates to the technical field of parking management. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a two-level parking resource supply level index system, including a supply-demand balance index, a regional balance index, a supply effectiveness index and a supply diversity index; calculating a two-level index score through the two-level parking resource supply level index system; obtaining a corresponding weight through a standard deviation method; calculating a first-level parking service index through weighted summation; and evaluating the parking resource supply level of a target evaluation region in combination with the two-level index score and the first-level parking service index. The application solves the technical problem that it is difficult to quantize the comprehensive level of regional parking resource supply in the prior art due to a microscopic evaluation perspective, a single dimension and a subjective judgment, and constructs a two-level parking resource supply level index system to comprehensively evaluate the supply level of parking resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of parking management technology, specifically to a method and system for evaluating the supply level of regional parking resources. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous improvement of urbanization and the sustained growth of motor vehicle ownership, the problems of parking difficulties and disorder in cities have become increasingly serious. Although relevant agencies have been continuously planning and constructing parking resources, in practice, the supply often struggles to achieve coordinated optimization across multiple dimensions, including the rationality of quantity, the balance of spatial distribution, the effectiveness of use, and the diversity of services. This leads to a series of complex problems, such as the coexistence of insufficient total supply and localized idleness, a mismatch between resource allocation and actual demand, and a disconnect between basic services and special needs. Due to a lack of guidance or unreasonable parking fees, vehicles often choose to park illegally, thus affecting urban traffic efficiency. Existing technical solutions to address these issues often start from a single dimension or micro-level. Some methods focus on assessing the degree of matching between regional parking supply and demand to identify areas with varying levels of difficulty, while others focus on parking space sharing and guidance optimization between parking lots. Although these methods have made some contributions to addressing local problems, their perspective is often limited to phenomenon diagnosis or operational optimization, lacking the ability to comprehensively evaluate the level of parking resource supply at the macro-regional level. Therefore, they are unable to provide comprehensive and effective decision support for the planning and management of regional parking resources.

[0003] In summary, existing technologies suffer from technical problems due to their micro-level assessment perspective, single-dimensional approach, and reliance on subjective judgment, making it difficult to quantify the overall level of regional parking resource supply and further impacting urban traffic efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a method and system for evaluating the supply level of regional parking resources, in order to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the evaluation perspective is micro-level, the dimensions are single, and it relies on subjective judgment, which makes it difficult to quantify the comprehensive level of regional parking resource supply and further affects the efficiency of urban traffic.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a method and system for evaluating the supply level of regional parking resources.

[0006] Firstly, this application provides a method for evaluating the supply level of regional parking resources. This method is implemented through a system for evaluating the supply level of regional parking resources. The method includes: constructing a two-tiered parking resource supply level index system, including a supply-demand balance index, a regional equilibrium index, a supply effectiveness index, and a supply diversity index; collecting basic data of the target evaluation area within a preset period, and calculating a secondary index score using the two-tiered parking resource supply level index system; based on the secondary index score, obtaining supply-demand balance weights, regional equilibrium weights, supply effectiveness weights, and supply diversity weights using the standard deviation method; calculating a primary parking service index by weighted summation based on the secondary index score and the supply-demand balance weights, regional equilibrium weights, supply effectiveness weights, and supply diversity weights; and combining the secondary index score and the primary parking service index to evaluate the parking resource supply level of the target evaluation area, thereby obtaining an evaluation result for the parking resource supply level of the target area.

[0007] Optionally, the secondary index scores include supply and demand balance scores, regional equilibrium scores, supply effectiveness scores, and supply diversity scores.

[0008] Optionally, the method for calculating the supply-demand balance index includes: obtaining the number of motor vehicles C in the target assessment area, and then... , Calculate the range of parking resource supply ,in, =1.1、 =1.3; Based on the aforementioned parking resource supply range, a piecewise function of the supply-demand balance index is constructed:

[0009] Where B represents the total number of berths available in the target assessment area. To minimize the supply of parking resources I1 represents the maximum supply of parking resources and is the supply-demand balance score.

[0010] Optionally, the method for calculating the regional equilibrium index includes:

[0011] Obtain the historical average parking resource utilization rate of the target evaluation area within a historical time window, and calculate the standard deviation based on the historical average parking resource utilization rate. Based on the aforementioned standard deviation, a piecewise function for the regional equilibrium index is constructed:

[0012] Where I2 is the regional equilibrium score.

[0013] Optionally, the method for calculating the supply effectiveness index includes:

[0014] Obtain the average number of illegally parked vehicles and the average number of occupied parking spaces in the target evaluation area at a specific moment within a historical time window; calculate the number of ineffective parking spaces at that specific moment based on the average number of illegally parked vehicles and the average number of occupied parking spaces; construct a supply effectiveness index using the number of ineffective parking spaces. ;in, To score the effectiveness of supply, The number of berths supplied is invalid.

[0015] Optionally, the method for calculating the supply diversity index includes:

[0016] Obtain the number of new energy parking spaces in the target evaluation area; calculate the new energy proportion based on the number of new energy parking spaces and the total number of parking spaces supplied, and calculate the new energy parking space supply score; obtain the number of accessible parking spaces in the target evaluation area; calculate the accessibility proportion based on the number of accessible parking spaces and the total number of parking spaces supplied, and calculate the accessibility parking space supply score; obtain the number of large vehicle parking spaces in the target evaluation area; calculate the large vehicle proportion based on the number of large vehicle parking spaces and the total number of parking spaces supplied, and calculate the large vehicle parking space supply score; calculate the supply diversity score based on the new energy parking space supply score, the accessible parking space supply score, and the large vehicle parking space supply score.

[0017] Optionally, the actual needs of the target customer group are obtained; based on the actual needs, the supply and demand balance weight, regional equilibrium weight, supply effectiveness weight, and supply diversity weight are fine-tuned using a subjective weighting method to obtain the updated supply and demand balance weight, regional equilibrium weight, supply effectiveness weight, and supply diversity weight; based on the updated supply and demand balance weight, regional equilibrium weight, supply effectiveness weight, and supply diversity weight, the parking resource supply level of the target assessment area is reassessed.

[0018] Secondly, this application also provides an evaluation system for the regional parking resource supply level, used to execute the evaluation method for the regional parking resource supply level as described in the first aspect. The evaluation system for the regional parking resource supply level includes: a level index system construction module, used to construct a secondary parking resource supply level index system, including a supply-demand balance index, a regional equilibrium index, a supply effectiveness index, and a supply diversity index; a secondary scoring calculation module, used to collect basic data of the target evaluation area within a preset period and calculate a secondary index score through the secondary parking resource supply level index system; a weight determination module, used to obtain supply-demand balance weights, regional equilibrium weights, supply effectiveness weights, and supply diversity weights based on the secondary index scores using the standard deviation method; a service index calculation module, used to calculate a primary parking service index based on the secondary index scores and the supply-demand balance weights, regional equilibrium weights, supply effectiveness weights, and supply diversity weights through weighted summation; and a parking resource supply level assessment module, used to assess the parking resource supply level of the target evaluation area by combining the secondary index scores and the primary parking service index, and obtain the assessment result of the parking resource supply level of the target area.

[0019] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0020] By constructing a two-tiered parking resource supply level index system, including a supply-demand balance index, a regional equilibrium index, a supply effectiveness index, and a supply diversity index, basic data of the target assessment area within a preset period is collected. Secondary index scores are calculated using the two-tiered parking resource supply level index system. Based on the secondary index scores, the supply-demand balance weight, regional equilibrium weight, supply effectiveness weight, and supply diversity weight are obtained using the standard deviation method. A primary parking service index is calculated by weighted summation based on the secondary index scores and the aforementioned weights. Combining the secondary index scores and the primary parking service index, the parking resource supply level of the target assessment area is evaluated, resulting in an assessment result for the target area's parking resource supply level. In other words, this approach comprehensively and systematically assesses urban parking resource supply from four levels: overall supply-demand balance, regional supply equilibrium, supply effectiveness, and supply diversity, aiming to solve urban parking difficulties and improve urban traffic efficiency.

[0021] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of this application. To better understand the technical means of this application and to facilitate its implementation according to the description, and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of this application more apparent, specific embodiments of this application are described below. It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify key or important features of the embodiments of this application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this application. Other features of this application will become readily apparent through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for evaluating the supply level of regional parking resources according to this application.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an evaluation system for the supply level of regional parking resources according to this application.

[0025] Figure labeling: 11 Horizontal index system construction module, 12 Secondary scoring calculation module, 13 Weight determination module, 14 Service index calculation module, 15 Parking resource supply level assessment module. Detailed Implementation

[0026] This application provides a method and system for evaluating the supply level of regional parking resources. This addresses the technical problem in existing technologies where the assessment perspective is micro-level, the dimensions are singular, and reliance on subjective judgment makes it difficult to quantify the overall level of regional parking resource supply, thus further impacting urban traffic efficiency. The method comprehensively and systematically evaluates urban parking resource supply from four levels: overall supply and demand balance, regional supply equilibrium, supply effectiveness, and supply diversity, thereby solving the urban parking problem and improving urban traffic efficiency.

[0027] The technical solutions of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. It should be understood that this application is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described herein. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to this application are shown in the accompanying drawings, not all of them.

[0028] Example 1, please refer to the appendix. Figure 1 This application provides a method for evaluating the supply level of regional parking resources. This method is applied to a system for evaluating the supply level of regional parking resources, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0029] S100: Construct a two-level parking resource supply level index system, including supply and demand balance index, regional equilibrium index, supply effectiveness index, and supply diversity index.

[0030] Furthermore, S100 of this application includes: the method for calculating the supply and demand balance index includes: obtaining the number of motor vehicles C in the target assessment area, and through... , Calculate the range of parking resource supply ,in, =1.1、 =1.3; Based on the aforementioned parking resource supply range, a piecewise function of the supply-demand balance index is constructed:

[0031] Where B represents the total number of berths available in the target assessment area. To minimize the supply of parking resources I1 represents the maximum supply of parking resources and is the supply-demand balance score.

[0032] Specifically, a two-tiered parking resource supply level index system is constructed, including a supply-demand balance index, a regional equilibrium index, a supply effectiveness index, and a supply diversity index. The supply-demand balance index typically estimates a reasonable parking resource supply range based on the number of motor vehicles in the region and assesses sufficiency in conjunction with the current parking resource supply quantity. The regional equilibrium index is typically based on the standard deviation of parking resource utilization rates of parking lots within the region, assessing the degree of balance in parking resource utilization within the region. The supply effectiveness index is typically based on the proportion of ineffective parking spaces, assessing the effectiveness of parking resource supply within the region. The supply diversity index is typically based on the proportion of parking spaces offering specific service types, assessing the richness of parking resources within the region that can provide services to specific vehicles.

[0033] In other words, the macro concept of parking resource supply level is deconstructed into four independently measurable and complementary key dimensions. From parking management practices, four core pain point dimensions are extracted: total supply matching, spatial distribution, utilization efficiency, and service structure. A specific index is defined for each dimension as its measurement tool, and they are named and their functions are clearly defined: the supply-demand balance index is responsible for total supply assessment, the regional balance index for spatial assessment, the supply effectiveness index for efficiency assessment, and the supply diversity index for structural assessment.

[0034] To obtain the number of motor vehicles in a target area, data from the current year is typically used; if current year data is unavailable, data from the previous year is used. Based on urban parking facility planning standards, for cities with a planned population exceeding 500,000, the total supply of parking spaces should ideally be controlled between 1.1 and 1.3 times the number of motor vehicles. This determines the lower and upper limits of the supply coefficient. =1.1、 =1.3. (Passed) , Calculate the range of parking resource supply , It is the minimum recommended number of parking spaces calculated to meet the basic parking needs of the area, that is, the minimum supply of parking resources; This is the maximum recommended number of parking spaces set to avoid resource idleness due to over-construction; it represents the maximum supply of parking resources. An actual supply falling within this range is considered optimal.

[0035] Based on the range of parking resource supply Construct a piecewise function for the supply-demand balance index:

[0036] Where B represents the total number of parking spaces available in the target assessment area, which is the total number of legal parking spaces that currently exist and can be used by social vehicles, including off-street public parking lots, on-street parking spaces, and open and shared parking spaces built in conjunction with other facilities. To minimize the supply of parking resources I1 represents the maximum supply of parking resources and is the supply-demand balance score. It is used to quantitatively evaluate the degree of matching between the actual supply of parking spaces and the theoretically reasonable supply range, and converts this degree of matching into a standardized percentage score.

[0037] If the total number of berths available in the target assessment area is within the range [ , When B is within a certain range, the total supply is considered perfectly reasonable and is directly awarded a perfect score of 100. When B is below a certain range... But no less than half of that, 0.5* At that time, it was considered that the supply was insufficient but still within a controllable range. The score starts at 100 points and decreases linearly as the insufficiency ratio increases, with a penalty coefficient of 2; that is, for every 1% increase in the insufficiency ratio, the score decreases by 2 points until it reaches the 0-point threshold. When B is higher than... But it did not exceed 1.5 times 1.5* When supply is considered excessive but not yet severely wasteful, the score starts at 100 points and decreases linearly as the excess ratio increases, with a penalty coefficient of 2. When B is severely excessive, reaching or exceeding 1.5*... At that time, the waste of resources was considered extremely serious, and it was directly rated as 0 points. By setting an extreme threshold of 0 points and a linear penalty range, the rationality of supply was quantitatively and strictly graded.

[0038] By introducing a five-segment piecewise function that includes a tolerance range and a veto threshold, it is possible not only to distinguish between reasonable and unreasonable, but also to accurately grade the degree of unreasonableness.

[0039] Furthermore, this application also includes the following steps: the method for calculating the regional equilibrium index includes:

[0040] Obtain the historical average parking resource utilization rate of the target evaluation area within a historical time window, and calculate the standard deviation based on the historical average parking resource utilization rate. Based on the aforementioned standard deviation, a piecewise function for the regional equilibrium index is constructed:

[0041] Where I2 is the regional equilibrium score.

[0042] Specifically, the historical average parking resource utilization rate of the target assessment area over a historical time window (usually the past 30 days) is obtained. This is the ratio of the actual parking time occupied by vehicles in a parking lot to the maximum parking time available per parking space during a specific period, usually expressed as a percentage or decimal, reflecting the resource utilization level of the parking lot. Standard deviation is an indicator that measures the dispersion or volatility of a set of data, reflecting the degree of dispersion of the historical average parking resource utilization rate of all parking lots in the area over a historical time window. For example, if the area contains 100 parking lots, and the specific time period is 30 days, the parking resource utilization rate of each parking lot during these 30 days will be calculated, resulting in 100 values. Then, the standard deviation of these 100 values ​​is calculated.

[0043] After calculating the standard deviation, the final regional balance index score is determined through a piecewise function based on the range within which the standard deviation falls. When the standard deviation is very small (less than 0.1), it means that the utilization rates of all parking lots are almost identical, indicating extremely balanced resource distribution and use, thus earning a full score of 100. When the standard deviation is large (greater than 0.3), it means that the utilization rates vary significantly, indicating severe unevenness in resource distribution, thus earning the lowest score of 0. When the standard deviation is in the middle range (0.1 ≤ 0.3), it indicates a significant imbalance in resource distribution. When the standard deviation is ≤0.3, the score decreases linearly between 0 and 100, meaning that for every 0.01 increase in standard deviation, the score decreases by 5 points. This linear mapping transforms a statistically discrete measure into an intuitive management score. The regional equilibrium index is used to quantitatively assess the balance of parking resource utilization across different locations within a region. It doesn't focus on the total amount, but rather on revealing the distributional issues of localized shortages and idle spaces, using a score of 0-100 to characterize the degree of equilibrium. By calculating and scoring the regional equilibrium score, hidden, structural distributional contradictions are revealed within areas with reasonable total supply. In areas with low scores, the core problem is not a lack of parking spaces, but rather that parking spaces are misplaced or users are unaware of available spaces. By building a regional-level parking guidance information system to guide vehicles from saturated parking lots to vacant ones, or by adjusting demand distribution through differentiated pricing, existing resources can be revitalized, and overall utilization efficiency improved.

[0044] Furthermore, this application also includes the following step: the method for calculating the supply effectiveness index includes:

[0045] Obtain the average number of illegally parked vehicles and the average number of occupied parking spaces in the target evaluation area at a specific moment within a historical time window; calculate the number of ineffective parking spaces at that specific moment based on the average number of illegally parked vehicles and the average number of occupied parking spaces; construct a supply effectiveness index using the number of ineffective parking spaces. ;in, To score the effectiveness of supply, The number of berths supplied is invalid.

[0046] Specifically, data is collected from two independent modules of the intelligent transportation system. One is the area's illegal parking enforcement system, which retrieves daily and hourly records of illegal parking over the past 30 days, calculating the daily average number of illegally parked vehicles (VC1, VC2, ... VC). 30 Obtain snapshot data of the occupancy of all legal parking spaces at the same time from the parking management platform, and calculate the average daily number of occupied parking spaces BO1, BO2...BO 30 Simultaneously, obtain the total number of berths available in the target assessment area. Calculate the number of ineffective berths (B) within the area. non =min{VC i ,max{0,0.8*B-BO i}}, where VCI is the average number of illegally parked vehicles on day i, and BO iLet B be the average number of parking spaces occupied on day i, and B be the total number of parking spaces available. A parking space occupancy rate of 80% or higher within the target assessment area is considered saturated; if it is below 80%, it is considered relatively easy to find nearby parking resources. The difference between 80% of the total number of parking spaces and the average number of parking spaces occupied in the early morning (BOave) represents the number of vehicles the area can still accommodate in the early morning. If the difference is negative, it is assigned a value of 0, indicating that it is impossible to find nearby parking spaces.

[0047] If parking resources still have the potential to accommodate vehicles, then illegal parking is considered an ineffective supply of parking resources. In other words, if there are theoretically sufficient and convenient legal parking spaces available, but continuous illegal parking still occurs, then the parking space demand corresponding to this illegal parking can be considered as ineffective supply that has not been effectively met due to various reasons, such as excessively high prices, lack of information transparency, and inconvenience in access.

[0048] The average daily number of illegally parked vehicles (VCi) in the early morning is multiplied by the area's parking capacity potential (0.8 * B - BO). i The smaller value is used as the number of ineffective supply berths B. non This ensures that the amount of ineffective supply does not exceed the actual scale of illegal parking, while also acknowledging that ineffective supply cannot exceed the region's existing capacity. An effectiveness score is calculated by comparing the scale of ineffective supply with a benchmark supply. This is achieved through a formula... This refers to assessing the proportion of ineffective supply to the ideal available supply capacity (0.8 × B); among which, To score the effectiveness of supply, This represents the number of berths with ineffective supply. The lower the proportion, the more effective the supply. When B non A score of 0 indicates a perfect supply efficiency, while an inefficient supply erodes the entire ideal available capacity (i.e., B). non When the value is 0.8 × B, the score is 0.

[0049] Traditionally, illegal parking is often simply attributed to a lack of parking spaces. However, this method, by introducing a comparative analysis of remaining supply potential and the scale of illegal parking, can identify abnormal areas where there are sufficient parking spaces but people still park illegally. This exposes deeper issues of effectiveness, such as unreasonable pricing mechanisms, inadequate information guidance, and insufficient management measures. For areas with low scores, the focus of governance should not be on blindly building new parking spaces, but rather on revitalizing existing, underutilized resources through measures such as adjusting pricing strategies, strengthening intelligent guidance systems, optimizing the parking environment, and strictly enforcing the law. This will achieve improvements in parking order and increase the efficiency of public resource utilization at a lower cost.

[0050] Furthermore, this application also includes the following steps: the method for calculating the supply diversity index includes:

[0051] Obtain the number of new energy parking spaces in the target evaluation area; calculate the new energy proportion based on the number of new energy parking spaces and the total number of parking spaces supplied, and calculate the new energy parking space supply score; obtain the number of accessible parking spaces in the target evaluation area; calculate the accessibility proportion based on the number of accessible parking spaces and the total number of parking spaces supplied, and calculate the accessibility parking space supply score; obtain the number of large vehicle parking spaces in the target evaluation area; calculate the large vehicle proportion based on the number of large vehicle parking spaces and the total number of parking spaces supplied, and calculate the large vehicle parking space supply score; calculate the supply diversity score based on the new energy parking space supply score, the accessible parking space supply score, and the large vehicle parking space supply score.

[0052] Specifically, a detailed classification and inventory of all parking spaces within the area was conducted to obtain the total number of new energy vehicle parking spaces, the total number of accessible parking spaces, the total number of large vehicle parking spaces, and the total supply of parking spaces. New energy vehicle parking spaces are specifically equipped for electric vehicles and equipped with charging stations. Accessible parking spaces are designed according to accessibility standards, specifically for vehicles driven or ridden by disabled persons, and are typically equipped with prominent signage and more spacious parking areas. Large vehicle parking spaces are those exceeding the size standards of ordinary passenger cars, specifically designed for large buses, tour buses, or large trucks to meet their special parking space requirements.

[0053] Based on the total number of new energy vehicle parking spaces, the total number of accessible parking spaces, the total number of large vehicle parking spaces, and the total number of parking spaces supplied, along with the total number of parking spaces supplied in the target area, a piecewise function is applied to calculate the sub-item score. All piecewise functions follow the same logic: if the actual percentage reaches or exceeds the target value, it indicates that the supply of this type of space has met the basic requirements, and the sub-item score is the full 1 point; if the actual percentage does not meet the target, a linear penalty is initiated, with the score starting from 1 point and deducted according to the relative shortfall ratio.

[0054] The calculation function for the score of new energy berth supply is as follows: , among which, I 41 For the supply of new energy berths, P scores points. i1 This represents the percentage of new energy berths out of the total number of berths. According to the standard, this figure is considered compliant if it reaches 18%.

[0055] The function for calculating the accessibility berth supply score is: , among which, I 42 Points are awarded for the availability of accessible parking spaces, P i2 This represents the percentage of accessible parking spaces out of the total number of parking spaces. While parking lots are required to build as many accessible spaces as possible for this type of parking, there is no percentage guideline; therefore, 1% is taken as the acceptable value.

[0056] The function for calculating the score for the supply of parking spaces for large vehicles is: , among which, I 43 Points are awarded for providing parking spaces for large vehicles, P i3 This represents the percentage of parking spaces for large vehicles out of the total number of parking spaces. Since there are no percentage guidelines for this type of parking space, 1% is taken as the acceptable value.

[0057] The formula for calculating the supply diversity index is: I4 = 60 * I 41 +20*I 42 +20*I 43 The index comprises three sub-indices: I4, representing the diversity of parking supply. The popularization of new energy vehicles is a strategic priority, hence its highest weight. Accessibility and large vehicle parking spaces are essential for protecting the basic rights of specific groups and ensuring the smooth operation of urban functions, each receiving a 20% weight, thus ensuring the index's policy sensitivity and comprehensiveness. The diversity of parking supply index quantifies the completeness and inclusiveness of parking resources in serving the needs of different types of vehicles. By weighted summaries of the scores from the three sub-items, a comprehensive score of 0-100 is generated, with higher scores indicating more complete and human-centered service functions. By establishing clear benchmarks and penalty scoring functions, the index clearly reveals a region's specific shortcomings in meeting diverse and inclusive parking needs, such as a lack of charging stations or accessibility facilities. This directly guides the planning and construction of parking facilities from the past extensive model that emphasized quantity over function to a refined model that emphasizes both quantity and structure.

[0058] S200: Collect basic data of the target assessment area within a preset period, and calculate the secondary index score through the secondary parking resource supply level index system.

[0059] Furthermore, S200 of this application includes: the secondary index score includes supply and demand balance score, regional equilibrium score, supply effectiveness score, and supply diversity score.

[0060] Specifically, the calculation of multiple indices relies on data from a continuous period over the past to eliminate daily fluctuations and reflect stable trends. Basic data for the target assessment area within a preset period is collected, including static data on vehicle ownership, total number of parking spaces and their classification details, as well as dynamic data on daily parking lot utilization, early morning parking space occupancy, and illegal parking records. Once the data is complete, a parallel computing phase begins, with the calculation modules for four secondary indices starting simultaneously: the supply-demand balance index, the regional equilibrium index, the supply effectiveness index, and the supply diversity index.

[0061] The system retrieves the number of vehicles and parking spaces to calculate a reasonable range. Then, it substitutes the actual number of parking spaces into a piecewise function to obtain a supply-demand balance score. It summarizes the average daily utilization rate of all parking lots within a historical time window, calculates the standard deviation of this data, and obtains a regional equilibrium score based on a linear function. It processes the sequence of illegal parking and parking space occupancy at each moment of the historical time window, calculates their average values, and combines this with the total number of parking spaces to first calculate the number of ineffective supply parking spaces, then substitutes these values ​​into the formula to obtain a supply effectiveness score. Based on the specific number of parking spaces for new energy vehicles, accessible vehicles, and large vehicles, and the total number of parking spaces, it calculates the percentage for each category. It compares each percentage with the corresponding compliance value, calculates the sub-item score using a piecewise function, and then sums them according to preset weights to obtain a supply diversity score. Thus, the originally chaotic basic data is transformed into four secondary index scores with values ​​ranging from 0 to 100, which can be directly used for analysis and comparison. For example, the scores of the underlying indicators (supply and demand balance score I1, regional equilibrium score I2, supply effectiveness score I3, and supply diversity score I4) for the four districts of a certain city are shown in Table 1:

[0062] Table 1 Secondary Index Scoring

[0063] <![CDATA[I1]]> <![CDATA[I2]]> <![CDATA[I3]]> <![CDATA[I4]]> Area A 80 40 100 100 Area B 100 80 60 70 Area C 20 100 100 40 Area D 60 50 40 50

[0064] By organizing the massive amounts of scattered and heterogeneous raw data into standardized scores with four clear dimensions and uniform scale according to a rigorous mathematical model, the core pain points of traditional assessments, such as difficulty in data integration, subjective bias in evaluation, and inability to make horizontal comparisons of results, are solved.

[0065] S300: Based on the secondary index scores, the supply and demand balance weight, regional equilibrium weight, supply effectiveness weight, and supply diversity weight are obtained through the standard deviation method.

[0066] Specifically, the standard deviation method, also known as the standard deviation weighting method, is an objective weighting method. Its core idea is: if the data difference (larger standard deviation) of a certain evaluation indicator is greater across all evaluated objects (i.e., different regions), it indicates that the indicator provides more information in distinguishing and comparing objects, and its discriminatory power is stronger; therefore, it should be given a higher weight in the comprehensive evaluation. Conversely, if the indicator data is very similar across all objects (smaller standard deviation), its discriminatory power is weak, and its weight should be lower. The calculation method for the standard deviation method is as follows: ,in, Let j be the j-th standard deviation. Let j be the j-th weight value. The weights for supply-demand balance, regional equilibrium, supply effectiveness, and supply diversity are calculated using the standard deviation method, such as 0.2891, 0.2331, 0.2539, and 0.2239, respectively. By using the standard deviation method to determine the weights, the evaluation system no longer relies on fixed, potentially outdated, or subjectively biased manually set weights. The weights are automatically generated based on the actual data performance of the specific set of regions involved in each round of evaluation.

[0067] S400: Based on the secondary index score and the supply and demand balance weight, regional equilibrium weight, supply effectiveness weight, and supply diversity weight, the primary parking service index is calculated by weighted summation.

[0068] Specifically, a primary parking service index is calculated by weighted summation based on supply-demand balance weights, regional equilibrium weights, supply effectiveness weights, supply diversity weights, and supply-demand balance scores, regional equilibrium scores, supply effectiveness scores, and supply diversity scores. The primary parking service index displays a service index score calculated comprehensively based on various secondary indicators, used to assess the overall level of parking resource supply in a region. By consolidating complex, multi-dimensional evaluation results into a single primary index, it provides a clear and concise performance ranking and macro-level overview, significantly reducing the cognitive complexity of decision-making. Because the weights originate from the objective differences in the data of all evaluated objects—i.e., standard deviation—rather than subjective settings, this index possesses strong scientific rigor and impartiality.

[0069] S500: Combining the secondary index score and the primary parking service index, the parking resource supply level of the target assessment area is evaluated to obtain the parking resource supply level assessment result of the target area.

[0070] Specifically, the parking resource supply level index and the primary parking service index are used to assess the parking resource supply level of the target assessment area. The primary index is correlated, compared and interpreted with the secondary index and their weights to form a profound insight.

[0071] Horizontal and vertical analyses of the four secondary index scores identified significantly above-average strengths and significantly below-average weaknesses. Crucially, weighted analysis identified dimensions that were both high-weighted and low-scoring. This analysis was automatically synthesized into an easily understandable report, including core conclusions, performance profiles, in-depth attribution, and decision-making recommendations. The core conclusions are the overall qualitative level and comprehensive score; the performance profile uses radar charts or bar graphs to display the scores of the four secondary indices, visually presenting strengths and weaknesses; in-depth attribution provides textual descriptions of strengths and weaknesses, particularly highlighting key factors influencing the overall level, especially considering their weights. Decision-making recommendations, based on weakness analysis and weights, propose clearly prioritized improvement directions, such as improving the balance of parking resource utilization within the region. The target area parking resource supply level assessment results are customized conclusions for the target assessment area, comprehensively answering core management questions such as the overall supply level of the region, its specific strengths and weaknesses, and which directions should be prioritized for improvement. The structured report and clear qualitative conclusions enable the professional assessment results to be quickly understood by relevant personnel at different levels and with different professional backgrounds, promoting effective communication and consensus.

[0072] Furthermore, this application also includes the following steps: obtaining the actual needs of the target customer group; based on the actual needs, fine-tuning the supply-demand balance weight, regional equilibrium weight, supply effectiveness weight, and supply diversity weight using a subjective weighting method to obtain updated supply-demand balance weight, updated regional equilibrium weight, updated supply effectiveness weight, and updated supply diversity weight; and reassessing the parking resource supply level of the target assessment area based on the updated supply-demand balance weight, updated regional equilibrium weight, updated supply effectiveness weight, and updated supply diversity weight.

[0073] Specifically, considering the acceptance level of the target customer group, a subjective weighting method is used to fine-tune the values ​​of the supply-demand balance weight, regional equilibrium weight, supply effectiveness weight, and supply diversity weight. This can be done by rounding to two decimal places or further adjusting to approximate values ​​ending in 5 or 0. For example, considering user acceptance, the weights can be approximately adjusted to: supply-demand balance weight = 0.29, regional equilibrium weight = 0.23, supply effectiveness weight = 0.25, and supply diversity weight = 0.23. Subjective weighting methods rely on the knowledge, experience, and subjective judgment of domain experts or decision-makers to determine the weights of evaluation indicators, such as the Delphi method and the analytic hierarchy process. Unlike objective weighting methods (such as the standard deviation method), this reflects the value judgments and intentions of managers. Using the updated weights, a weighted summation calculation is re-performed to obtain a revised assessment result of the parking resource supply level that better reflects current management priorities and strategic intentions.

[0074] If the index score ∈ [0, 20], the qualitative conclusion is "very poor"; if the index score ∈ (20, 40], the qualitative conclusion is "poor"; if the index score ∈ (40, 60], the qualitative conclusion is "moderate"; if the index score ∈ (60, 80], the qualitative conclusion is "good"; if the index score ∈ (80, 100], the qualitative conclusion is "very poor".

[0075] Based on the scores and weights of each secondary indicator, the final parking resource supply index score for each region is shown in Table 2:

[0076] Table 2. Final Parking Resource Supply Index Scores for Each Region

[0077] I I1 I2 I3 I4 Area A 80.4 80 40 100 100 Area B 78.5 100 80 60 70 Area C 63 20 100 100 40 Area D 50.4 60 50 40 50

[0078] The qualitative conclusions of the parking resource supply index scores for each region are shown in Table 3:

[0079] Table 3. Scoring Conclusions of Parking Resource Supply Index for Each Region

[0080] I I1 I2 I3 I4 Evaluation results Area A 80.4 80 40 100 100 very good Area B 78.5 100 80 60 70 better Area C 63 20 100 100 40 better Area D 50.4 60 50 40 50 medium

[0081] For relevant parking management departments, this evaluation index provides a scientific basis for urban parking resource planning and construction. The supply-demand balance index indicates whether the overall supply of parking resources in the region is sufficient and meets the prescribed standards. For areas with insufficient parking resources, more parking resources should be planned and constructed in a timely manner to match the increasing parking demand. The regional balance index indicates whether the distribution of parking resources within the region is reasonable and whether there are structural problems such as parking difficulties in some areas and long-term vacancy in others, so that relevant departments can optimize existing parking resources. The supply effectiveness index indicates whether the current supply of parking resources reaches car owners and effectively matches parking demand. For areas or parking lots with poor effectiveness, existing parking resources should be revitalized through enhanced guidance and intelligent pricing. The supply diversity index indicates whether the current parking resources in the region can match the parking needs of specific vehicles, truly bringing convenience to car owners.

[0082] For car owners, the continuous optimization of parking resources by relevant departments will significantly reduce the time spent searching for parking spaces, improve their parking experience, and provide a more convenient and intelligent parking experience. At the same time, the optimization of parking resources will also improve road traffic efficiency, shorten driving time, and enhance the travel experience for car owners.

[0083] In summary, the method for evaluating the supply level of regional parking resources provided in this application has the following technical advantages:

[0084] By constructing a two-tiered parking resource supply level index system, including a supply-demand balance index, a regional equilibrium index, a supply effectiveness index, and a supply diversity index, basic data of the target assessment area within a preset period is collected. Secondary index scores are calculated using the two-tiered parking resource supply level index system. Based on the secondary index scores, the supply-demand balance weight, regional equilibrium weight, supply effectiveness weight, and supply diversity weight are obtained using the standard deviation method. A primary parking service index is calculated by weighted summation based on the secondary index scores and the aforementioned weights. Combining the secondary index scores and the primary parking service index, the parking resource supply level of the target assessment area is evaluated, resulting in an assessment result for the target area's parking resource supply level. In other words, this approach comprehensively and systematically assesses urban parking resource supply from four levels: overall supply-demand balance, regional supply equilibrium, supply effectiveness, and supply diversity, aiming to solve urban parking difficulties and improve urban traffic efficiency.

[0085] Example 2: Based on the same inventive concept as the method for evaluating the supply level of regional parking resources in Example 1, this application also provides an evaluation system for the supply level of regional parking resources. Please refer to the appendix. Figure 2 The evaluation system for the supply level of regional parking resources includes:

[0086] The system comprises: a level index construction module 11, used to construct a secondary parking resource supply level index system, including a supply-demand balance index, a regional equilibrium index, a supply effectiveness index, and a supply diversity index; a secondary scoring calculation module 12, used to collect basic data of the target assessment area within a preset period and calculate the secondary index score through the secondary parking resource supply level index system; a weight determination module 13, used to obtain the supply-demand balance weight, regional equilibrium weight, supply effectiveness weight, and supply diversity weight based on the secondary index score using the standard deviation method; a service index calculation module 14, used to calculate the primary parking service index by weighted summation based on the secondary index score and the supply-demand balance weight, regional equilibrium weight, supply effectiveness weight, and supply diversity weight; and a parking resource supply level assessment module 15, used to assess the parking resource supply level of the target assessment area by combining the secondary index score and the primary parking service index, and obtain the assessment result of the parking resource supply level of the target area.

[0087] Furthermore, the level index system construction module 11 in the evaluation system for the supply level of regional parking resources is also used for: the secondary index scoring includes supply and demand balance scoring, regional equilibrium scoring, supply effectiveness scoring, and supply diversity scoring.

[0088] Furthermore, the level index system construction module 11 in the aforementioned evaluation system for regional parking resource supply levels is also used for: the calculation method of the supply-demand balance index includes: obtaining the number of motor vehicles C in the target evaluation area, through... , Calculate the range of parking resource supply ,in, =1.1、 =1.3; Based on the aforementioned parking resource supply range, a piecewise function of the supply-demand balance index is constructed:

[0089] Where B represents the total number of berths available in the target assessment area. To minimize the supply of parking resources I1 represents the maximum supply of parking resources and is the supply-demand balance score.

[0090] Furthermore, the level index system construction module 11 in the evaluation system for regional parking resource supply levels is also used for: the calculation method of the regional equilibrium index includes:

[0091] Obtain the historical average parking resource utilization rate of the target evaluation area within a historical time window, and calculate the standard deviation based on the historical average parking resource utilization rate. Based on the aforementioned standard deviation, a piecewise function for the regional equilibrium index is constructed:

[0092] Where I2 is the regional equilibrium score.

[0093] Furthermore, the level index system construction module 11 in the aforementioned evaluation system for regional parking resource supply levels is also used for: the calculation method of the supply effectiveness index includes:

[0094] Obtain the average number of illegally parked vehicles and the average number of occupied parking spaces in the target evaluation area at a specific moment within a historical time window; calculate the number of ineffective parking spaces at that specific moment based on the average number of illegally parked vehicles and the average number of occupied parking spaces; construct a supply effectiveness index using the number of ineffective parking spaces. ;in, To score the effectiveness of supply, The number of berths supplied is invalid.

[0095] Furthermore, the secondary scoring calculation module 12 in the aforementioned evaluation system for regional parking resource supply levels is also used for: the calculation method of the supply diversity index includes:

[0096] Obtain the number of new energy parking spaces in the target evaluation area; calculate the new energy proportion based on the number of new energy parking spaces and the total number of parking spaces supplied, and calculate the new energy parking space supply score; obtain the number of accessible parking spaces in the target evaluation area; calculate the accessibility proportion based on the number of accessible parking spaces and the total number of parking spaces supplied, and calculate the accessibility parking space supply score; obtain the number of large vehicle parking spaces in the target evaluation area; calculate the large vehicle proportion based on the number of large vehicle parking spaces and the total number of parking spaces supplied, and calculate the large vehicle parking space supply score; calculate the supply diversity score based on the new energy parking space supply score, the accessible parking space supply score, and the large vehicle parking space supply score.

[0097] Furthermore, the evaluation system for the regional parking resource supply level also includes: obtaining the actual demand of the target customer group; based on the actual demand, fine-tuning the supply-demand balance weight, regional equilibrium weight, supply effectiveness weight, and supply diversity weight through a subjective weighting method to obtain the supply-demand balance update weight, regional equilibrium update weight, supply effectiveness update weight, and supply diversity update weight; and re-evaluating the parking resource supply level of the target evaluation area based on the supply-demand balance update weight, regional equilibrium update weight, supply effectiveness update weight, and supply diversity update weight.

[0098] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The method and specific examples for evaluating the supply level of regional parking resources in the aforementioned embodiment one are also applicable to the evaluation system for the supply level of regional parking resources in this embodiment. Through the foregoing detailed description of the method for evaluating the supply level of regional parking resources, those skilled in the art can clearly understand the evaluation system for the supply level of regional parking resources in this embodiment. Therefore, for the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0099] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0100] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of this application and its equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the supply level of regional parking resources, characterized in that, include: Construct a two-tiered parking resource supply level index system, including supply and demand balance index, regional equilibrium index, supply effectiveness index, and supply diversity index; Collect basic data of the target assessment area within a preset period, and calculate the secondary index score through the secondary parking resource supply level index system; Based on the secondary index scores, the supply-demand balance weight, regional equilibrium weight, supply effectiveness weight, and supply diversity weight are obtained through the standard deviation method. Based on the secondary index score and the supply-demand balance weight, regional equilibrium weight, supply effectiveness weight, and supply diversity weight, the primary parking service index is calculated by weighted summation. By combining the secondary index score and the primary parking service index, the parking resource supply level of the target assessment area is evaluated, and the assessment result of the parking resource supply level of the target area is obtained.

2. The method for evaluating the supply level of regional parking resources as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary index scores include supply and demand balance score, regional equilibrium score, supply effectiveness score, and supply diversity score.

3. The method for evaluating the supply level of regional parking resources as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The calculation method for the supply and demand balance index includes: Obtain the number of motor vehicles C in the target assessment area, and then... , Calculate the range of parking resource supply ,in, =1.1、 =1.3; Based on the aforementioned range of parking resource supply quantities, a piecewise function for the supply-demand balance index is constructed: ； Where B represents the total number of berths available in the target assessment area. To minimize the supply of parking resources I1 represents the maximum supply of parking resources and is the supply-demand balance score.

4. The method for evaluating the supply level of regional parking resources as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The calculation method for the regional equilibrium index includes: Obtain the historical average parking resource utilization rate of the target evaluation area within a historical time window, and calculate the standard deviation based on the historical average parking resource utilization rate. ; Based on the aforementioned standard deviation, a piecewise function for the regional equilibrium index is constructed: ； Wherein, I2 is the regional equilibrium score.

5. The method for evaluating the supply level of regional parking resources as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The calculation method for the supply effectiveness index includes: Obtain the average number of illegally parked vehicles and the average number of occupied parking spaces in the target assessment area at a specific moment within a historical time window; Based on the average number of illegally parked vehicles and the average number of occupied parking spaces, the number of invalid parking spaces available at a specific time is calculated. Construct a supply effectiveness index based on the number of ineffective supply berths: ;in, To score the effectiveness of supply, The number of berths supplied is invalid.

6. The method for evaluating the supply level of regional parking resources as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The calculation method for the supply diversity index includes: Obtain the number of new energy berths in the target evaluation area; Based on the number of new energy berths and the total number of berths supplied, the proportion of new energy berths is calculated, and the new energy berth supply score is calculated. Obtain the number of accessible parking spaces in the target evaluation area; Based on the number of accessible berths and the total number of berths available, the accessibility ratio is calculated, and the accessibility berth supply score is calculated. Obtain the number of large parking spaces in the target evaluation area; Based on the number of large vehicle parking spaces and the total number of parking spaces supplied, the proportion of large vehicles is calculated, and the large vehicle parking space supply score is calculated. Based on the supply scores of new energy parking spaces, accessible parking spaces, and large vehicle parking spaces, a supply diversity score is calculated.

7. The method for evaluating the supply level of regional parking resources as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: To understand the actual needs of the target customer group; Based on the actual needs, the supply and demand balance weight, regional equilibrium weight, supply effectiveness weight, and supply diversity weight are finely adjusted using a subjective weighting method to obtain the updated supply and demand balance weight, regional equilibrium weight, supply effectiveness weight, and supply diversity weight. Based on the aforementioned supply and demand balance update weights, regional equilibrium update weights, supply effectiveness update weights, and supply diversity update weights, the parking resource supply level of the target assessment area is reassessed.

8. A system for evaluating the supply level of regional parking resources, characterized in that, The steps for implementing the method for evaluating the supply level of regional parking resources according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the evaluation system for evaluating the supply level of regional parking resources comprises: The horizontal index system construction module is used to construct a secondary parking resource supply level index system, including the supply and demand balance index, regional equilibrium index, supply effectiveness index, and supply diversity index. The secondary scoring calculation module is used to collect basic data of the target assessment area within a preset period and calculate the secondary index score through the secondary parking resource supply level index system. The weight determination module is used to obtain the supply and demand balance weight, regional equilibrium weight, supply effectiveness weight, and supply diversity weight based on the secondary index score and using the standard deviation method. The service index calculation module is used to calculate the primary parking service index by weighted summation based on the secondary index score and the supply and demand balance weight, regional equilibrium weight, supply effectiveness weight, and supply diversity weight. The parking resource supply level assessment module is used to assess the parking resource supply level of the target assessment area by combining the secondary index score and the primary parking service index, and obtain the parking resource supply level assessment result of the target area.

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