Fire sprinkler and nozzle assembly

Abstract

This invention provides a fire sprinkler with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, which are connected by an internal flow channel. Along the fluid flow direction within the internal flow channel, the fire sprinkler sequentially includes at least a pressure-stabilizing section, a first contraction-acceleration section, a flow-stabilizing section, and a second contraction-acceleration section. This flow channel design provides multi-stage acceleration of the fluid, enabling the ejected fluid to achieve a longer horizontal range and a higher vertical elevation. Accordingly, this invention further provides a fire truck and a vessel equipped with the aforementioned fire sprinkler. Furthermore, this invention also provides a nozzle assembly for a fire sprinkler.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire-fighting equipment technology, specifically to a fire sprinkler and nozzle assembly, as well as fire trucks and vessels equipped with the fire sprinkler. Background Technology

[0002] When fire trucks are fighting large fires, especially those in high-rise buildings, distant fire sources, or fires that are difficult to approach, they often need to achieve the longest possible horizontal range and the highest possible vertical altitude under high-volume conditions. Range and altitude directly affect firefighting efficiency and rescue safety.

[0003] In existing technologies, the internal flow channel design of fire monitors or sprayers is usually relatively simple, often employing a single-stage converging nozzle or a straight-tube nozzle structure. At larger flow rates (e.g., 80-180 liters / second), the horizontal range of mainstream products is generally below 100 meters, and the vertical spray height is around 70-80 meters, which is insufficient to meet the needs of certain extreme working conditions.

[0004] To reduce pressure loss, current designs generally consider it unwise to include multiple contraction acceleration sections inside the ejector, as multi-stage contraction is believed to introduce additional pressure drop, thereby reducing the outlet flow velocity. Therefore, traditional designs tend to follow the design principle of "few contraction stages and smoothness as much as possible," focusing on controlling pipeline resistance rather than specifically addressing the overall design of the actual velocity, concentration, and stability of the final outflow.

[0005] However, in fire truck applications, the accompanying water pumps are usually capable of providing sufficiently high pressure. Under these circumstances, the key factors truly limiting the height and range of the water jet are not solely pressure loss, but are influenced by multiple factors including the actual velocity, concentration, and stability of the final ejected water flow. If the final ejected water flow does not effectively eliminate turbulence or reduce the radial velocity component, the final ejected water flow will still rapidly disperse after exiting the nozzle, and even with high pump pressure, the actual effective range and height will still be limited.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new ejector structure that, while making full use of the existing water pump pressure capacity, creates a stable, concentrated, and high-speed water flow with a consistent velocity vector at the outlet, thereby significantly improving the range and height while maintaining a large flow rate. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a fire sprinkler having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, wherein the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet are connected by an internal flow channel disposed in the fire sprinkler, and along the fluid flow direction in the internal flow channel, the fire sprinkler comprises at least the following in sequence:

[0008] The pressure stabilizing section is used to perform initial rectification of the fluid flowing in from the fluid inlet, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel of the pressure stabilizing section is larger than the area of ​​the fluid inlet.

[0009] The first contraction and acceleration section has a flow channel with a cross-sectional area that gradually decreases along the flow direction, which is used to initially accelerate the fluid flowing out of the pressure stabilization section.

[0010] The flow stabilization section has a flow channel with a cross-sectional area smaller than that of the pressure stabilization section, and the flow stabilization section is provided with a flow stabilization grid device for stabilizing the flow of fluid flowing out of the first contraction acceleration section.

[0011] The second contraction and acceleration section has a flow channel with a cross-sectional area that gradually decreases along the flow direction. It is used to accelerate the fluid flowing out of the steady flow section again before it flows to the fluid outlet.

[0012] According to one aspect of the invention, in the fire sprinkler, the pressure stabilizing section is a cylindrical structure, wherein the diameter of the upstream end of the cylindrical structure near the fluid inlet decreases until the opening diameter of the upstream end is equal to the diameter of the fluid inlet.

[0013] According to another aspect of the invention, in the fire sprinkler, the opening at the upstream end constitutes the fluid inlet; or the opening at the upstream end is connected to an inlet extension pipe, and the opening on the side of the inlet extension pipe away from the pressure stabilizing section constitutes the fluid inlet.

[0014] According to another aspect of the invention, in the fire sprinkler, an initial grid device is provided in the flow channel of the pressure stabilizing section.

[0015] According to another aspect of the invention, in the fire sprinkler, the initial grid device is disposed in the pressure stabilizing section near the end of the first contraction acceleration section.

[0016] According to another aspect of the invention, in the fire sprinkler, the total area of ​​the holes in the initial grid device is not less than 50% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel at the installation location of the initial grid device, and the total area of ​​the holes in the initial grid device is not less than the area of ​​the fluid inlet.

[0017] According to another aspect of the invention, in the fire-fighting sprayer, the flow channel of the stabilizing section is a straight cylinder with a constant cross-sectional area.

[0018] According to another aspect of the invention, in the fire sprinkler, the total area of ​​the holes in the flow stabilizing grid device is not less than 60% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel at the installation location of the flow stabilizing grid device.

[0019] According to another aspect of the invention, in the fire-fighting jet, the flow-stabilizing grid device is disposed in the flow-stabilizing section near the end of the first contraction acceleration section.

[0020] According to another aspect of the invention, in the fire sprinkler, the flow stabilizing grid device extends axially along the flow stabilizing section.

[0021] According to another aspect of the invention, in the fire-fighting jet, the length of the flow-stabilizing grid device in the axial direction of the flow-stabilizing section is greater than 1 / 5 of the length of the flow-stabilizing section.

[0022] According to another aspect of the present invention, in the fire-fighting jet, the first contraction acceleration section and / or the second contraction acceleration section are variable diameter pipe structures, and the axial cross section of the variable diameter pipe structure is an isosceles trapezoid or a curved trapezoid.

[0023] According to another aspect of the invention, the fire sprinkler further includes a final flow stabilization section and an outlet section sequentially connected to the downstream end of the second contraction acceleration section, wherein: the final flow stabilization section is used to stabilize the fluid flowing out of the second contraction acceleration section again; and the outlet of the outlet section constitutes the fluid outlet.

[0024] According to another aspect of the invention, in the fire-fighting jet, the flow channel of the final stabilizing section is a straight cylinder with a constant cross-sectional area.

[0025] According to another aspect of the present invention, in the fire sprinkler, the outlet section includes a reducing pipe and a straight pipe; the reducing pipe is connected to the downstream end of the final flow stabilization section, and a frustum-shaped flow channel with a cross-sectional area gradually decreasing along the fluid flow direction is provided inside the reducing pipe; the straight pipe is connected to the small end of the reducing pipe, and a straight cylindrical flow channel with a constant cross-sectional area is provided inside the straight pipe.

[0026] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a fire truck, which includes a vehicle body and a fire sprinkler mounted on the vehicle body, wherein the fire sprinkler is the fire sprinkler described above.

[0027] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a water vessel, which includes a hull and a fire sprinkler mounted on the hull, wherein the fire sprinkler is the fire sprinkler described above.

[0028] Furthermore, the present invention provides a nozzle assembly for a fire sprinkler, the nozzle assembly comprising a final flow stabilization section and an outlet section disposed at the downstream end of the final flow stabilization section, wherein:

[0029] The internal flow channel of the fire sprinkler is designed to accelerate the fluid flowing into the fire sprinkler at least once before it flows out from the outlet end of the fire sprinkler.

[0030] The final flow stabilization section is connected to the outlet end of the fire sprinkler and is used to stabilize the fluid flowing out of the outlet end.

[0031] The cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet section gradually decreases along the direction of fluid flow, and the end of the outlet section is a straight cylindrical channel with a constant cross-sectional area.

[0032] According to another aspect of the invention, in the nozzle assembly, the flow channel of the final stabilizing section is a straight cylinder with a constant cross-sectional area.

[0033] According to another aspect of the invention, in the nozzle assembly, the outlet section includes a reducing pipe and a straight pipe; the reducing pipe is connected to the downstream end of the final flow stabilization section, and a frustum-shaped flow channel with a cross-sectional area gradually decreasing along the fluid flow direction is provided inside the reducing pipe; the straight pipe is connected to the small end of the reducing pipe, and a straight cylindrical flow channel with a constant cross-sectional area is provided inside the straight pipe.

[0034] Existing designs generally worry that multi-stage contractions will lead to excessive pressure loss, thereby reducing the outlet flow velocity, and therefore tend to use fewer contraction stages. From the perspective of improving the concentration and stability of the water column, given that the pump pressure is high enough, the key to determining the range and height is not simply the maximum outlet velocity, but whether the water flow at the outlet forms a stable, concentrated, and directional water jet.

[0035] The fire sprinkler provided by this invention fully considers the high-pressure capacity of existing fire pumps. By improving the internal flow channel structure of the fire sprinkler, especially by setting up multi-stage contraction and acceleration sections in the internal flow channel, setting up pressure stabilizing sections or flow stabilizing sections adapted to each stage of contraction and acceleration, and setting up a gradient to reduce the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel, the process of converting the pressure energy provided by the fire pump into kinetic energy is divided into multiple "acceleration-flow stabilization" sub-processes. Although each contraction and acceleration section will bring a certain local pressure drop, due to the presence of pressure stabilizing sections, flow stabilizing sections and flow stabilizing grid devices, the internal flow channel has the function of continuously repairing the flow field. It can significantly reduce the large-scale eddies and transverse velocity components of the fluid in the internal flow channel, so that the axial velocity of the fluid is significantly improved. And overall, it significantly improves the effective kinetic energy utilization rate of the fire sprinkler jet. Thus, under high flow conditions, it ensures the concentration and stability of the water column at the fluid outlet of the fire sprinkler, and achieves the technical effect of obtaining a longer horizontal range and a higher vertical height under the same flow conditions.

[0036] The nozzle assembly for fire sprinklers provided by this invention can be applied not only to the sprinkler of this invention, but also installed at the outlet of other high-pressure spraying devices as needed, providing a unified high-performance nozzle solution for different systems, and has good versatility and engineering application value. The nozzle assembly adopts a structure that combines a final flow stabilization section for flow stabilization with a specially designed outlet section, so that the fluid remains compact and almost does not disperse over a long distance after being sprayed, reducing the mixing and fragmentation of the fluid with the surrounding air, thereby reducing the kinetic energy loss of the sprayed fluid.

[0037] When the nozzle assembly provided by this invention is used in combination with the fire jetting device provided by this invention, under typical operating conditions of a raised platform fire pump in scenarios such as high-rise building fire fighting (e.g., flow rate of 80 to 180 liters / second), the ejected fluid can achieve a horizontal range of about 200 meters and a vertical height of more than 160 meters, which significantly improves the operational efficiency of controlling and extinguishing fire disasters.

[0038] The fire truck provided by this invention is equipped with the fire-fighting sprayer provided by this invention on its hull, which can improve the effective horizontal range and vertical elevation of fire-fighting operations at the vehicle system level. Similarly, the watercraft provided by this invention is equipped with the fire-fighting sprayer provided by this invention on its hull, which can improve the effective horizontal range and vertical elevation of fire-fighting operations at the ship system level. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the described drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a specific embodiment of the fire-fighting sprinkler according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 is Figure 1 The diagram shows a longitudinal sectional view of the fire sprinkler.

[0042] Figure 3 is Figure 1 The diagram shows a longitudinal three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the fire sprinkler.

[0043] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the nozzle assembly according to the present invention.

[0044] The same or similar reference numerals in the accompanying drawings represent the same or similar parts. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To better understand and explain this invention, a further detailed description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. This invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Rather, any modifications or equivalent substitutions made to this invention should be covered within the scope of the claims.

[0046] It should be noted that numerous specific details are provided in the following detailed embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can be practiced without these specific details. In the various detailed embodiments given below, structures and components well-known in the art are not described in detail in order to highlight the spirit of the invention.

[0047] In the following description of the specific embodiments, the terms "upper" and "lower," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are used only for ease of description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0048] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details various specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative of the technical solutions and core concepts of the present invention. The shapes and dimensions of the components in the specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings are not strictly based on the form of an actual product, and the shape and size proportions of the actual product may differ from those of the specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the specific embodiments shown in the drawings should not be construed as the sole limitation on the actual product corresponding to the present invention, nor should they be used as the sole basis for determining shape and size comparisons in patent infringement cases.

[0049] Example 1: Fire sprinkler

[0050] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a fire sprinkler. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 1 The fire sprinkler has a fluid inlet 1 and a fluid outlet 8, which are connected by an internal flow channel within the fire sprinkler. Along the fluid flow direction within the internal flow channel, the fire sprinkler at least sequentially includes a pressure stabilizing section 2, a first contraction acceleration section 3, a flow stabilizing section 4, and a second contraction acceleration section 5. Those skilled in the art will understand that in the field of fire protection, the term "fluid" as used herein generally refers to water or an aqueous solution containing a special extinguishing agent.

[0051] For firefighting scenarios such as fire suppression in super high-rise buildings, considering that in order to achieve higher concentration and stability of the fluid flowing out from the second contraction acceleration section 5, so that the fluid can be sprayed higher and farther, preferably, please refer to... Figure 1 or Figure 2 In this embodiment, the fire sprinkler is additionally connected in sequence to the final flow stabilization section 6 and the outlet section 7 at the downstream end of the second contraction acceleration section 5. At this time, the outlet end of the outlet section 7 constitutes the fluid outlet 8, and obviously the flow channels provided by the final flow stabilization section 6 and the outlet section 7 are also included within the internal flow channel.

[0052] For some fire and disaster relief scenarios where the requirements for fluid spraying distance and height are not high, in another embodiment of the fire sprinkler, the downstream end of the second contraction acceleration section 5 can be removed from the final flow stabilization section 6 and the outlet section 7. In this case, the outlet end of the second contraction acceleration section 5 serves as the final fluid outlet of the fire sprinkler.

[0053] Continue to Figures 1 to 3 An embodiment of the fire sprinkler shown will be described. (Refer to...) Figure 1 Suitable connectors, such as flanges, can be installed around fluid inlet 1 to secure it to corresponding connectors on the piping system. Typically, driven by the fluid transfer pump, the fluid in the piping system has high pressure. The propelled fluid first enters the pressure stabilizing section 2 from fluid inlet 1. Pressure stabilizing section 2 performs initial rectification of the fluid flowing in from fluid inlet 1. The cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel in pressure stabilizing section 2 is larger than that of fluid inlet 1. Clearly, within a unit of time, the flow channel of pressure stabilizing section 2 can completely accommodate the fluid flowing in from fluid inlet 1, forming a certain expansion space after fluid inlet 1, allowing the fluid from the piping system to diffuse within this section. As the fluid continues to flow in, it fills the entire flow channel of pressure stabilizing section 2 and forms a dynamic equilibrium, keeping the fluid flowing in from fluid inlet 1 stable and preventing pressure drop.

[0054] Preferably, the pressure stabilizing section 2 is implemented as a cylindrical structure, in which the diameter decreases from the upstream end near the fluid inlet 1 until the opening diameter of the upstream end is equal to the diameter of the fluid inlet 1. This design allows the fluid to enter the cylindrical structure in a more stable manner. More specifically, an arc-shaped transition end wall 22 can be provided at the upstream end of the cylindrical structure, so that the diameter of the flow channel enclosed by the outer wall of the cylindrical structure changes smoothly. In this embodiment, the opening at the upstream end is connected to the inlet extension pipe 11, that is, the opening on the side of the inlet extension pipe 11 away from the pressure stabilizing section 2 constitutes the fluid inlet 1. In more embodiments, the inlet extension pipe 11 can be removed, so that the opening at the upstream end constitutes the fluid inlet of the fire sprinkler, for example, by directly providing an opening on the arc-shaped transition end wall 22 as the fluid inlet of the fire sprinkler.

[0055] As mentioned above, the fluid entering the pressure stabilization section 2 undergoes initial rectification. To make the fluid velocity distribution in the pressure stabilization section 2 more uniform, preferably, please refer to... Figure 2 or Figure 3 An initial grid device 21 is installed in the flow channel of the pressure stabilizing section 2. The initial grid device 21 is located at the end of the pressure stabilizing section 2 near the first contraction acceleration section 3. When the fluid passes through the initial grid device 21, the large-scale eddies are broken up, the lateral velocity component is significantly weakened, and the fluid velocity distribution tends to be uniform, providing stable inflow conditions for the subsequent acceleration process of the fluid. At the same time, the total area of ​​the holes in the initial grid device 21 is set to be no less than 50% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel at its installation location, and the total area of ​​the holes in the initial grid device 21 is set to be no less than the area of ​​the fluid inlet 1. This porosity parameter selection ensures that the initial grid device 21 can play a corresponding rectification function in the flow channel of the pressure stabilizing section 2, and also avoids the initial grid device 21 itself causing excessive pressure loss to the fluid.

[0056] The first contraction acceleration section 3 is located downstream of the pressure stabilizing section 2, and its cross-sectional area gradually decreases along the flow direction. It is used to initially accelerate the fluid flowing out of the pressure stabilizing section 2. Ignoring the influence of height difference, the decrease in the cross-sectional area leads to an increase in fluid velocity. Simultaneously, some of the fluid's pressure energy is converted into kinetic energy in this section. Therefore, the fluid velocity flowing out of the pressure stabilizing section 2 experiences its first significant acceleration (i.e., the initial acceleration) within the first contraction acceleration section 3. Since the pressure stabilizing section 2 and the initial grid device 21 have already stabilized and rectified the fluid, the flow within the first contraction acceleration section 3 is smooth, which helps reduce energy loss within the first contraction acceleration section 3. Preferably, the first contraction acceleration section 3 is a variable diameter pipe structure. The axial cross-section of the variable diameter pipe structure is an isosceles trapezoid or a curved trapezoid. This means that the variable diameter pipe structure has a smooth and continuous diameter reduction deformation design. Correspondingly, the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel in the first contraction acceleration section 3 also has a smooth and continuous contraction rate, ensuring that the fluid within the flow channel of the first contraction acceleration section 3 obtains a smooth and continuous contraction acceleration effect and reduces additional local resistance.

[0057] After the initial acceleration in the first contraction acceleration section 3, the fluid continues into the stabilization section 4. The cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel in the stabilization section 4 is smaller than that in the pressure stabilization section 2, and a flow stabilization grid device 41 is installed in the flow channel of the stabilization section 4 to stabilize the flow of the fluid exiting the first contraction acceleration section 3. The flow stabilization grid device 41 further rectifies the high-velocity fluid output from the first contraction acceleration section 3, further reducing the local turbulence that may be caused by contraction acceleration, so that the fluid has a more uniform axial velocity distribution as it flows downstream, and reduces the radial velocity component of the fluid, thereby improving the efficiency of the subsequent acceleration process.

[0058] Preferably, the flow channel of the stabilizing section 4 is a straight cylinder with a constant cross-sectional area, and the stabilizing grid device 41 is disposed in the flow channel of the stabilizing section 4 and extends along the axial direction of the stabilizing section 4. More preferably, the stabilizing grid device 41 is disposed in the stabilizing section 4 near the end of the first contraction acceleration section 3, so that the high-velocity fluid output from the first contraction acceleration section 3 can be stabilized immediately after entering the stabilizing section 4. In the axial direction of the stabilizing section 4, the length of the stabilizing grid device 41 is greater than 1 / 5 of the length of the stabilizing section 4, and the total area of ​​the holes of the stabilizing grid device 41 is not less than 60% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel at the installation location of the stabilizing grid device 41. For the fluid in the stabilizing section 4, the stabilizing grid device 41 with the above-mentioned dimensional parameters can control the additional pressure drop while ensuring the rectification effect, and reduce the local turbulence of the fluid in the stabilizing section 4, so that the fluid in the stabilizing section 4 enters the subsequent acceleration stage in a uniform, concentrated and directional state.

[0059] The second contraction acceleration section 5 is located downstream of the steady flow section 4. Its cross-sectional area gradually decreases again along the flow direction, serving to further accelerate the fluid flowing out of the steady flow section 4 before it reaches the fluid outlet 8. Similar to the principle of the first contraction acceleration section 3, the gradually decreasing cross-sectional area of ​​the second contraction acceleration section 5 forces an increase in the flow velocity of the fluid within it. Therefore, the flow velocity of the fluid flowing out of the steady flow section 4 receives a second significant acceleration within the second contraction acceleration section 5 (i.e., the re-acceleration). Preferably, the second contraction acceleration section 5 is a variable diameter pipe structure with an axial cross-section that is an isosceles trapezoid or a curved trapezoid. This means that the variable diameter pipe structure has a smooth and continuous diameter reduction deformation design, and correspondingly, the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel in the second contraction acceleration section 5 also has a smooth and continuous contraction rate. This ensures that the fluid within the flow channel of the second contraction acceleration section 5 receives a smooth and continuous contraction acceleration effect and reduces additional local resistance. Since the fluid has been fully rectified in the flow stabilization section 4 and the flow stabilization grid device 41 before entering the second contraction acceleration section 5, the flow of the fluid in the second contraction acceleration section 5 is more stable, thereby achieving more efficient secondary acceleration within an acceptable pressure drop range, and further increasing the axial velocity of the fluid.

[0060] When the fluid flow rate at fluid inlet 1 is basically constant, the fluid flowing out from the second contraction acceleration section 5 has already obtained a relatively high ejection velocity after undergoing multiple stages of contraction acceleration. In order to avoid residual turbulence in the flow field before the outlet after multiple stages of contraction acceleration, the fire sprinkler in this embodiment is provided with a final flow stabilization section 6 and an outlet section 7 connected in sequence at the downstream end of the second contraction acceleration section 5. The final flow stabilization section 6 is used to stabilize the fluid flowing out from the second contraction acceleration section 5 again, and the outlet of the outlet section 7 constitutes the fluid outlet 8.

[0061] Preferably, the flow channel of the final stabilizing section 6 is a straight cylinder with a constant cross-sectional area, and its length is designed as needed so that the fluid basically forms a stable and concentrated flow before entering the outlet section 7. At this time, the velocity vector of the fluid on the entire cross-section of the flow channel mainly points in the axial direction of the flow channel. The outlet section 7 has a significant impact on the forming quality of the final ejected fluid jet. More preferably, the outlet section 7 includes a reducing pipe and a straight pipe. The reducing pipe and the straight pipe can be arranged coaxially and tightly connected. The reducing pipe is connected to the downstream end of the final stabilizing section 6. A frustum-shaped flow channel with a cross-sectional area that gradually decreases along the fluid flow direction is set in the reducing pipe. The straight pipe is connected to the small end of the reducing pipe. A straight cylinder with a constant cross-sectional area is set in the straight pipe. After the fluid enters the outlet section 7 from the final stabilizing section 6, the fluid is first subjected to further axial contraction in the reducing pipe, which further compresses the radial velocity component of the fluid, thereby ensuring that the fluid is sufficiently concentrated. When the fluid enters the straight pipe from the reducing pipe, the fluid velocity distribution inside the straight pipe is uniform and the exchange with the surrounding air is limited. As a result, the jet ejected from the end of the straight pipe remains concentrated and does not easily disperse over a long distance, thus greatly improving the effective range and altitude.

[0062] Combination Figures 1 to 3 The working principle of the fire sprinkler provided in this embodiment is explained as follows: Under typical operating conditions, the high-pressure fire pump supplies water to the fire sprinkler. The fluid enters the pressure stabilizing section 2 from the fluid inlet 1, and after being rectified by the initial grid device 21, it enters the first contraction acceleration section 3 to complete the initial acceleration. After that, the fluid is rectified again by the flow stabilizing grid device 41 in the flow stabilizing section 4 and the flow field is stabilized. Then, it enters the second contraction acceleration section 5 for further acceleration. After the residual turbulence is eliminated by the final flow stabilizing section 6, the fluid finally completes the final contraction and shaping in the outlet section 7 and is ejected from the fluid outlet 8 (that is, the outlet of the outlet section 7, corresponding to the outlet of the straight pipe) in a highly concentrated and stable stream.

[0063] Example 2: Sprinkler Head Assembly for Fire Fighter

[0064] This embodiment provides a nozzle assembly for a fire sprinkler. This nozzle assembly has the same flow channel structure and working principle as the combined structure formed by the final flow stabilization section 6 and the outlet section 7 in Embodiment 1. Therefore, refer to... Figure 3 Specifically, the nozzle assembly includes a final flow stabilization section 6 and an outlet section 7 located at the downstream end of the final flow stabilization section 6, wherein:

[0065] The internal flow channel of the fire sprinkler is designed to accelerate the fluid flowing into the fire sprinkler at least once before it flows out from the outlet end of the fire sprinkler.

[0066] The final flow stabilization section 6 is connected to the outlet end of the fire sprinkler and is used to stabilize the fluid flowing out of the outlet end.

[0067] The cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel in the outlet section 7 gradually decreases along the direction of fluid flow, and the end of the flow channel in the outlet section 7 is a straight cylindrical flow channel with a constant cross-sectional area.

[0068] Preferably, the flow channel of the final stabilizing section 6 is a straight cylindrical shape with a constant cross-sectional area. The outlet section 7 includes a variable diameter pipe and a straight pipe. The variable diameter pipe and the straight pipe can be arranged coaxially and tightly connected. The variable diameter pipe is connected to the downstream end of the final stabilizing section 6. A frustum-shaped flow channel with a cross-sectional area that gradually decreases along the fluid flow direction is provided inside the variable diameter pipe. The straight pipe is connected to the small end of the variable diameter pipe. A straight cylindrical flow channel with a constant cross-sectional area is provided inside the straight pipe.

[0069] The nozzle assembly for the fire sprinkler provided in this embodiment can be machined as a single, independent component and installed at the outlet end of the fire sprinkler in this embodiment via flanges, threads, or other connection methods, connecting the final flow stabilization section 6 and the outlet section 7 to the flow channel of the fire sprinkler. Alternatively, as needed, this nozzle assembly can be installed at the outlet end of other types of high-pressure jetting devices to improve the concentration and stability of the water jet emitted by these devices, thereby increasing their range and altitude without altering the original main structure of the equipment.

[0070] Example 3: Fire Truck

[0071] This embodiment provides a fire truck, which includes a vehicle body and a fire sprinkler mounted on the vehicle body. The structure of the fire sprinkler is the same as that shown in Embodiment 1, and will not be described again here.

[0072] The vehicle body can adopt the conventional chassis and superstructure of existing fire trucks, including, for example, a driver's cab, engine, water tank, water pump, slewing mechanism, etc. These are conventional configurations known in the art and do not constitute the focus of this invention, and are not limited here.

[0073] Equipped with the aforementioned sprayer, this fire truck eliminates the need for a high-mounted sprayer to achieve a greater spray height, thus reducing the need for a large vehicle body and stabilizing structure. Therefore, this fire truck can operate in relatively confined spaces. Furthermore, due to the small size, flexible rotation, and rapid start-up of the sprayer, the fire truck can deploy and calibrate the sprayer while on the move, enabling it to begin firefighting operations within two minutes of arriving at the designated fire location, significantly improving the efficiency of emergency firefighting operations.

[0074] Example 4: Vessels on Water

[0075] This embodiment provides a watercraft, which includes a hull and a fire sprinkler mounted on the hull. The structure of the fire sprinkler is the same as that described in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0076] The hull can adopt the conventional hull structure of existing waterborne vessels, such as fireboats, coast guard vessels, or other workboats and patrol boats used in the sea and rivers. Its structure may include a hull, a bridge, a main propulsion system, and a fire pump for supplying water to the fire sprinkler. These are conventional configurations known in the art and do not constitute the focus of this invention, and are not limited here.

[0077] After being equipped with the aforementioned jet, the watercraft can meet the requirements of high range and high altitude in water operations, filling the gap in water firefighting operations where there is no firefighting equipment with sufficient range, and greatly improving the efficiency of firefighting of water facilities and the safety of firefighting operations.

[0078] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. All variations within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are embraced within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. Furthermore, it is clear that the word "comprising" does not exclude other components, elements, or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural.

[0079] The fire sprinkler provided by this invention fully considers the high-pressure capacity of existing fire pumps. By improving the internal flow channel structure of the fire sprinkler, especially by setting up multi-stage contraction and acceleration sections in the internal flow channel, setting up pressure stabilizing sections or flow stabilizing sections adapted to each stage of contraction and acceleration, and setting up a gradient to reduce the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel, the process of converting the pressure energy provided by the fire pump into kinetic energy is divided into multiple "acceleration-flow stabilization" sub-processes. Although each contraction and acceleration section will bring a certain local pressure drop, due to the presence of pressure stabilizing sections, flow stabilizing sections and flow stabilizing grid devices, the internal flow channel has the function of continuously repairing the flow field. It can significantly reduce the large-scale eddies and transverse velocity components of the fluid in the internal flow channel, so that the axial velocity of the fluid is significantly improved. And overall, it significantly improves the effective kinetic energy utilization rate of the fire sprinkler jet. Thus, under high flow conditions, it ensures the concentration and stability of the water column at the fluid outlet of the fire sprinkler, and achieves the technical effect of obtaining a longer horizontal range and a higher vertical height under the same flow conditions.

[0080] The nozzle assembly for fire sprinklers provided by this invention can be applied not only to the sprinkler of this invention, but also installed at the outlet of other high-pressure spraying devices as needed, providing a unified high-performance nozzle solution for different systems, and has good versatility and engineering application value. The nozzle assembly adopts a structure that combines a final flow stabilization section for flow stabilization with a specially designed outlet section, so that the fluid remains compact and almost does not disperse over a long distance after being sprayed, reducing the mixing and fragmentation of the fluid with the surrounding air, thereby reducing the kinetic energy loss of the sprayed fluid.

[0081] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely some preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Equivalent variations made in accordance with the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire sprinkler having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet being connected via an internal flow channel disposed in the fire sprinkler, wherein, along the fluid flow direction in the internal flow channel, the fire sprinkler comprises at least the following in sequence: The pressure stabilizing section is used to perform initial rectification of the fluid flowing in from the fluid inlet, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel of the pressure stabilizing section is larger than the area of ​​the fluid inlet. The first contraction and acceleration section has a flow channel with a cross-sectional area that gradually decreases along the flow direction, which is used to initially accelerate the fluid flowing out of the pressure stabilization section. The flow stabilization section has a flow channel with a cross-sectional area smaller than that of the pressure stabilization section, and the flow stabilization section is provided with a flow stabilization grid device for stabilizing the flow of fluid flowing out of the first contraction acceleration section. The second contraction and acceleration section has a flow channel with a cross-sectional area that gradually decreases along the flow direction. It is used to accelerate the fluid flowing out of the steady flow section again before it flows to the fluid outlet.

2. The fire sprinkler according to claim 1, wherein: The pressure stabilizing section is a cylindrical structure, in which the diameter of the upstream end near the fluid inlet decreases until the opening diameter of the upstream end is equal to the diameter of the fluid inlet.

3. The fire sprinkler according to claim 2, wherein: The opening at the upstream end constitutes the fluid inlet; or The opening at the upstream end is connected to the inlet extension pipe, and the opening on the side of the inlet extension pipe away from the pressure stabilizing section constitutes the fluid inlet.

4. The fire sprinkler according to claim 1, wherein: An initial grid device is installed in the flow channel of the voltage stabilizing section.

5. The fire sprinkler according to claim 4, wherein: The initial grid device is located in the stabilizing section near the end of the first contraction acceleration section.

6. The fire sprinkler according to claim 4, wherein: The total area of ​​the holes in the initial grid device is not less than 50% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel at the installation location of the initial grid device, and the total area of ​​the holes in the initial grid device is not less than the area of ​​the fluid inlet.

7. The fire sprinkler according to claim 1, wherein: The flow channel of the steady flow section is a straight cylinder with a constant cross-sectional area.

8. The fire sprinkler according to claim 7, wherein: The total area of ​​the holes in the flow stabilizing grid device shall not be less than 60% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel at the installation location of the flow stabilizing grid device.

9. The fire sprinkler according to claim 1, wherein: The flow stabilizing grid device is located at the end of the flow stabilizing section near the first contraction acceleration section.

10. The fire sprinkler according to claim 1, wherein: The flow stabilizing grid device is arranged to extend along the axial direction of the flow stabilizing section.

11. The fire sprinkler according to claim 10, wherein: In the axial direction of the flow stabilization section, the length of the flow stabilization grid device is greater than 1 / 5 of the length of the flow stabilization section.

12. The fire sprinkler according to claim 1, wherein: The first and / or the second contraction acceleration section is a variable diameter pipe structure, and the axial cross section of the variable diameter pipe structure is an isosceles trapezoid or a curved trapezoid.

13. The fire-fighting ejector according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the fire-fighting ejector further comprises a final flow-stabilizing section and an outlet section sequentially connected to the downstream end of the second contraction acceleration section, wherein: The final flow stabilization section is used to stabilize the fluid flowing out of the second contraction acceleration section again; The outlet of the water outlet section constitutes the fluid outlet.

14. The fire sprinkler according to claim 13, wherein: The final stable flow section has a straight cylindrical channel with a constant cross-sectional area.

15. The fire sprinkler according to claim 13 or 14, wherein: The outlet section includes a reducing pipe and a straight pipe; The variable diameter pipe is connected to the downstream end of the final flow stabilization section, and a frustum-shaped flow channel with a cross-sectional area that gradually decreases along the fluid flow direction is provided inside the variable diameter pipe. The straight pipe is connected to the small end of the variable diameter pipe, and a straight cylindrical flow channel with a constant cross-sectional area is provided inside the straight pipe.

16. A sprinkler head assembly for a fire sprinkler, the sprinkler head assembly comprising a final flow stabilization section and an outlet section disposed at the downstream end of the final flow stabilization section, wherein: The internal flow channel of the fire sprinkler is designed to accelerate the fluid flowing into the fire sprinkler at least once before it flows out from the outlet end of the fire sprinkler. The final flow stabilization section is connected to the outlet end of the fire sprinkler and is used to stabilize the fluid flowing out of the outlet end. The cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet section gradually decreases along the direction of fluid flow, and the end of the outlet section is a straight cylindrical channel with a constant cross-sectional area.

17. The nozzle assembly according to claim 16, wherein: The final stable flow section has a straight cylindrical channel with a constant cross-sectional area.

18. The nozzle assembly according to claim 16 or 17, wherein: The outlet section includes a reducing pipe and a straight pipe; The variable diameter pipe is connected to the downstream end of the final flow stabilization section, and a frustum-shaped flow channel with a cross-sectional area that gradually decreases along the fluid flow direction is provided inside the variable diameter pipe. The straight pipe is connected to the small end of the variable diameter pipe, and a straight cylindrical flow channel with a constant cross-sectional area is provided inside the straight pipe.

19. A fire truck comprising a vehicle body and a fire sprinkler mounted on the vehicle body, wherein the fire sprinkler is the fire sprinkler according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

20. A water vessel comprising a hull and a fire sprinkler disposed on the hull, the fire sprinkler being the fire sprinkler according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

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