Heavy metal soil remediation solidifying agent granulation equipment and method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a granulation equipment for heavy metal soil remediation solidification agents, belonging to the field of soil remediation agent production technology. The granulation equipment includes a shell, extrusion rollers, and a drive shaft. It further includes: a template dividing the inner cavity of the shell into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, with multiple die holes along the axial direction of the drive shaft; a pressure regulating unit including a connecting plate, a drive mechanism, and multiple sliding tubes, each sliding tube slidably connected to and communicating with a die hole; the upper cavity communicating with the lower cavity through the die holes and sliding tubes; and the connecting plate connected to the drive mechanism. The cutting edge of a cutter abuts against the bottom ends of the multiple sliding tubes. The drive shaft drives the cutter to rotate via the drive mechanism, which in turn drives the connecting plate and the cutter to move along the axial direction of the die holes. This heavy metal soil remediation solidification agent granulation equipment can produce dense and uniform solidification agent particles without changing the particle size, while ensuring the integrity of the effective component structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil remediation agent production technology, specifically to a granulation equipment and method for a heavy metal soil remediation solidification agent. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of soil pollution remediation, the demand for heavy metal contaminated soil remediation continues to rise. Heavy metal soil remediation solidifying agents, with their advantages of stable solidification effects, strong adaptability, and no secondary pollution, have become core materials for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil and restoring soil ecological functions. Solidifying agent granulation equipment, as a key piece of equipment in solidifying agent production, directly determines the molding quality and performance of solidifying agent particles. High-efficiency granulation equipment adapted for industrial production can effectively ensure uniform density and stable structure of solidifying agent particles, meeting the core requirements of the soil remediation field for high-quality and highly practical solidifying agent products.

[0003] Existing heavy metal soil remediation solidifier granulation equipment generally consists of a template, an extrusion mechanism, and a shearing mechanism. During production, the extrusion mechanism applies pressure to the prepared solidifier raw material, extruding the raw material from the die holes on the template. After being sheared by the shearing mechanism, solidifier granules are formed. After a drying process, the solidifier granules are completed. The entire equipment relies on a relatively fixed extrusion pressure to complete the batch granulation operation and is currently a commonly used piece of equipment for the industrial production of solidifiers.

[0004] In the actual granulation production process of curing agent granules, the moisture content, viscosity, and proportion of the curing agent raw materials will fluctuate slightly with each production batch. A fixed extrusion pressure is difficult to adapt to the changes in raw material characteristics. When the raw material properties are loose, the extrusion pressure is prone to being relatively insufficient, while when the raw material properties are viscous, the extrusion pressure is prone to being relatively excessive. When the extrusion pressure is insufficient, the raw material is not compacted enough in the extrusion channel, resulting in a loose internal structure and low density of the granules, weak intergranular bonding, and easy flaking and pulverization after drying, reducing the effective utilization rate of the curing agent. On the other hand, when the extrusion pressure is too high, the raw material is over-compacted, and the internal structure of the granules becomes too dense. During drying, the internal moisture cannot diffuse evenly to the outside, resulting in a large difference in humidity between the inside and outside. The surface of the granules dries too quickly while the internal moisture is retained, which may lead to drying cracking and surface cracking of the granules, resulting in damage to the curing agent granules, performance degradation, and inability to meet the actual construction requirements of heavy metal soil remediation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a granulation equipment for heavy metal soil remediation solidifiers, which can reduce the probability of solidifier particles falling off, pulverizing, and cracking after drying, and ensure the granulation quality of solidifier particles.

[0006] This invention provides a granulation equipment for a heavy metal soil remediation solidification agent, comprising a shell, extrusion rollers, and a drive shaft. The shell is vertically arranged, and the drive shaft is coaxially arranged with the shell and connected to the extrusion rollers. The equipment also includes: A template is provided inside the housing, which divides the inner cavity of the housing into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The template is provided with multiple die holes along the axial direction of the drive shaft, and the extrusion roller is located in the upper cavity. The pressure regulating unit includes a connecting plate, a driving mechanism, and multiple sliding tubes. The connecting plate is arranged parallel to the template. The multiple sliding tubes are fixedly connected to the connecting plate. Each sliding tube is slidably connected to and communicates with a mold hole. The inner wall of each mold hole fits against the outer wall of the sliding tube inside it. The upper cavity is connected to the lower cavity through the mold hole and the sliding tube. The bottom ends of the multiple sliding tubes are flush. The driving mechanism is mounted on a transmission shaft. The connecting plate is connected to the driving mechanism. The cutter is located in the lower cavity and is arranged radially along the drive shaft. The cutter is connected to the drive mechanism, and the cutting edge of the cutter is in contact with the bottom end of multiple sliding tubes. The drive shaft drives the cutter to rotate through the drive mechanism, and the drive mechanism drives the connecting plate and the cutter to move along the axial direction of the mold hole.

[0007] Preferably, the drive mechanism includes a piston and a spring. The drive shaft has a sliding cavity along its axial direction. The piston is slidably connected to the sliding cavity only along the axial direction of the drive shaft. The sliding cavity is connected to a hydraulic control circuit. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the piston. The piston is connected to a sliding rod. The cross-section of the sliding rod is a non-circular cross-section. The cutter is provided with a sliding sleeve. The sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the sliding rod along the axial direction of the drive shaft. The inner wall of the sliding sleeve is in contact with the outer wall of the sliding rod. The spring is located outside the sliding rod and abuts against the sliding sleeve. Under the action of the spring's elastic force, the cutting edge of the cutter is in contact with the bottom ends of multiple sliding tubes.

[0008] Preferably, the axial direction of the extrusion roller is perpendicular to the axial direction of the drive shaft. A connecting frame is slidably connected to the drive shaft. The extrusion roller is rotatably connected to the connecting frame. The drive shaft is provided with a limiting groove along its own axial direction. A limiting slider is slidably connected in the limiting groove. The limiting slider is fixedly connected to the connecting frame. The limiting groove and the limiting groove are used to prevent the connecting frame from rotating relative to the drive shaft. A cam groove is provided on the inner wall of the upper cavity. A driving slider is slidably connected in the cam groove. The driving slider is fixedly connected to the connecting frame. When the connecting frame rotates with the drive shaft, under the action of the cam groove and the driving slider, the connecting frame reciprocates along the axial direction of the drive shaft.

[0009] Preferably, a scraper is fixedly connected to the drive shaft, one side of the scraper abuts against the top of the template, and the angle between the scraper and the top of the template is an acute angle.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting frame is equipped with a pressure sensor, which is used to detect the real-time extrusion pressure value of the extrusion roller. The hydraulic control circuit is electrically connected to a controller, which presets a pressure threshold. The controller controls the hydraulic control circuit to operate according to the real-time extrusion pressure value, thereby adjusting the position of the slide tube relative to the slide hole so that the real-time extrusion pressure of the extrusion roller is maintained at the pressure threshold.

[0011] Preferably, the hydraulic control circuit is equipped with an overflow valve and a flow regulating valve. The overflow valve is electrically connected to the controller. The controller has a preset upper pressure limit value. When the real-time extrusion pressure value on the extrusion roller is greater than the upper pressure limit value, the overflow valve opens to automatically relieve pressure and avoid damage to the molding effect and equipment caused by sudden pressure changes.

[0012] Preferably, the inner wall of the die hole and the inner wall of the slide tube are provided with a wear-resistant coating.

[0013] Preferably, the plurality of sliding tubes are detachably connected to the connecting plate.

[0014] Preferably, the top end of the slide tube is provided with an inverted conical surface.

[0015] This invention also provides a method for granulation using heavy metal soil remediation solidification agent granulation equipment, comprising the following steps: Check the fit accuracy between the slide tube and the die hole, calibrate the fit between the cutter and the bottom of the slide tube, test the linkage stability of the extrusion roller, drive shaft and cutter and set the appropriate operating parameters; The curing agent raw material is fed into the upper cavity of the shell, and the drive shaft drives the extrusion roller to rotate, so as to push the curing agent raw material into the extrusion channel composed of the die orifice and the slide tube. At the same time, the drive shaft drives the cutter to rotate through the drive mechanism, cutting the extruded strip to obtain curing agent granules. The curing agent granules fall into the bottom of the lower cavity of the shell, and the finished product is obtained through the subsequent drying process, realizing continuous granulation. During this process, the state of the curing agent particles after drying is monitored in real time. When the curing agent particles show severe powder shedding, the drive mechanism is controlled to move the connecting plate away from the template to increase the extrusion pressure. When the curing agent particles show severe cracking and surface cracking, the drive mechanism is controlled to move the connecting plate closer to the template to reduce the extrusion pressure.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In the granulation production stage of the heavy metal soil remediation solidifier granulation equipment of the present invention, the solidifier raw material is put into the upper cavity of the shell, and the drive shaft drives the extrusion roller to rotate and apply pressure, pushing the raw material into the extrusion channel composed of the template die hole and the slide tube. The drive shaft synchronously drives the cutter to rotate at high speed. The bottom end of the slide tube is flush with and closely fits the cutter. After the extruded continuous strip is cut, the granules fall into the lower cavity and are dried by the dryer to obtain the finished product. During production, the state of the solidifier granules after drying is monitored in real time, and the extrusion pressure is dynamically adjusted: if the granules show severe powder loss after drying, it indicates that the extrusion pressure is insufficient. The drive mechanism is controlled to move the connecting plate away from the template, and the template moves the slide tube away from the die hole, lengthening the extrusion channel. Without changing the particle size, the extrusion friction of the raw material is increased, the extrusion pressure and particle density are improved, and the problem of powdering and flaking is reduced. If the granules crack during drying, it indicates that the extrusion pressure is too high. The drive mechanism is controlled to move the connecting plate closer to the template, shortening the extrusion channel and reducing the extrusion pressure, reducing the internal stress of the granules, and avoiding the problems of drying cracking and surface cracking. Without changing the particle size of the curing agent particles, the extrusion pressure during the granulation process is adjusted in real time to prevent the curing agent particles from flaking and pulverizing due to insufficient extrusion pressure after drying, and to prevent the curing agent particles from cracking and surface cracking due to excessive extrusion pressure. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in the first working state of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second working state of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of surface AA; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the BB side; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the C-plane; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drive mechanism in the first working state of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drive mechanism in the second working state of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 101. Housing; 102. Extrusion roller; 103. Drive shaft; 104. Template; 105. Upper cavity; 106. Lower cavity; 107. Die hole; 108. Cutting blade; 109. Connecting plate; 110. Slide tube; 111. Drive mechanism; 201. Piston; 202. Spring; 203. Slide cavity; 204. Slide rod; 205. Slide sleeve; 301. Connecting frame; 302. Limiting slide groove; 303. Limiting slider; 304. Cam groove; 305. Drive slider; 6. Scraper; 7. Pressure sensor; 8. Dryer. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-7 The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figures 1-7 As shown, the granulation equipment for heavy metal soil remediation solidification agent provided by the present invention includes a shell 101, an extrusion roller 102, and a drive shaft 103. The shell 101 is vertically arranged, the extrusion roller 102 is disposed inside the shell 101, and the drive shaft 103 is coaxially arranged with the shell 101 and connected to the extrusion roller 102. It also includes a template 104, a pressure regulating unit, and a cutter 108. The template 104 is disposed inside the shell 101, dividing the inner cavity of the shell 101 into an upper cavity 105 and a lower cavity 106. The template 104 has multiple die holes 107 along the axial direction of the drive shaft 103. The extrusion roller 102 is disposed inside the upper cavity 105. The pressure regulating unit includes a connecting plate 109, a drive mechanism 111, and multiple sliding tubes 110. The connecting plate 109 is arranged parallel to the template 104, and the multiple sliding tubes 110 are fixedly connected to the connecting plate 109. On the connecting plate 109, each slide tube 110 is slidably connected to and communicates with a die hole 107. The inner wall of each die hole 107 is in contact with the outer wall of the slide tube 110 inside it. The upper cavity 105 is connected to the lower cavity 106 through the die hole 107, the slide tube 110, and the bottom ends of the multiple slide tubes 110 are flush. The driving mechanism 111 is mounted on the transmission shaft 103, and the connecting plate 109 is connected to the driving mechanism 111. The cutter 108 is mounted in the lower cavity 106. The cutter 108 is arranged radially along the transmission shaft 103. The cutter 108 is connected to the driving mechanism 111, and the cutting edge of the cutter 108 is in contact with the bottom ends of the multiple slide tubes 110. The transmission shaft 103 drives the cutter 108 to rotate through the driving mechanism 111. The driving mechanism 111 drives the connecting plate 109 and the cutter 108 to move along the axial direction of the die hole 107.

[0021] The working principle of the above embodiments is briefly described below: The vertically positioned housing 101 of this curing agent granulation equipment provides a sealed and stable working space for the overall granulation operation. The template 104 divides the inner cavity of the housing 101 into an upper cavity 105 and a lower cavity 106. The die hole 107 and the slide tube 110 cooperate to form an adjustable extrusion channel, realizing the directional extrusion of raw materials. The extrusion roller 102 and the drive shaft 103 work together to provide basic power for the extrusion of raw materials. The pressure adjustment unit drives the connecting plate 109 and the slide tube 110 to move axially through the drive mechanism 111, precisely controlling the extrusion pressure of the raw materials. The cutter 108 is linked with the drive shaft 103 and the drive mechanism 111, and always keeps in close contact with the bottom end of the slide tube 110 to ensure uniform particle size and ultimately achieve high-quality, continuous granulation of curing agent particles.

[0022] Before the equipment is put into production, the entire set of equipment must be debugged, pressure calibrated, and components adapted to lay a solid foundation for precise granulation. Workers need to adjust the initial extrusion pressure parameters of the pressure regulating unit according to the characteristics of the curing agent raw material (viscosity, density, heat resistance of the active ingredient) and the specifications of the finished granules. The drive mechanism 111 drives the connecting plate 109 to move, causing the slide tube 110 to slide axially along the die hole 107, thus determining the precise position of the slide tube 110 corresponding to the initial extrusion pressure. The fitting accuracy between the slide tube 110 and the die hole 107 is checked to ensure a tight fit between the inner wall of the die hole 107 and the outer wall of the slide tube 110, without gaps or jamming, to avoid raw material leakage or uneven extrusion force during subsequent production. The fit between the cutter 108 and the bottom end of the slide tube 110 is calibrated. The axial position of the cutter 108 is adjusted using the drive mechanism 111 to ensure that the cutting edge of the cutter 108 is always flush with the bottom ends of multiple slide tubes 110, preventing burr-laden or unevenly sized granules during cutting. The linkage stability of the extrusion roller 102, drive shaft 103 and cutter 108 is tested to ensure that the extrusion roller 102 can drive the cutter 108 to rotate synchronously when it rotates, so as to achieve the coordinated synchronization of raw material extrusion and cutting. At the same time, reasonable equipment operating parameters are set to accurately match the raw material extrusion speed and cutting frequency.

[0023] During the granulation production stage, all components of the equipment operate collaboratively according to preset logic to achieve continuous and precise granulation of the curing agent particles. The curing agent raw material is fed into the upper cavity 105 of the shell 101. The drive shaft 103 drives the extrusion roller 102 to rotate, and the extrusion roller 102 applies extrusion pressure to the raw material, pushing it towards the template 104 and then into the extrusion channel formed by the die hole 107 and the slide tube 110. While the raw material is continuously extruded through the slide tube 110, the drive shaft 103 drives the cutter 108 to rotate synchronously at high speed. When the raw material is extruded from the bottom end of the slide tube 110 to form a continuous strip, the cutter 108 immediately cuts the strip. Because the cutter 108 fits tightly with the bottom end of the slide tube 110, and the bottom ends of multiple slide tubes 110 are flush, the cut curing agent particles are uniform in size, have a smooth surface, and are free of burrs and length deviations. After the curing agent particles are cut, they fall directly into the lower cavity 106. After being dried by the dryer 8 inside the lower cavity 106, the finished curing agent particles can be obtained.

[0024] The state of the curing agent particles after drying is monitored in real time during the production process, and the extrusion pressure is dynamically adjusted according to the actual state. When severe powder shedding occurs in the curing agent particles, it indicates that the extrusion pressure during the curing agent granulation process is insufficient. At this time, the drive mechanism 111 is controlled to move the connecting plate 109 away from the template 104. The template 104 drives the multiple sliding tubes 110 on it to move away from their respective corresponding die holes 107. Since the die holes 107 are always connected to the sliding tubes 110, the length of the extrusion channel can be increased, which can improve the extrusion pressure of the raw material without changing the particle size of the curing agent particles. The friction force experienced during the process increases the extrusion pressure applied to the raw material by the extrusion roller 102, thereby increasing the internal density of the curing agent particles and reducing the probability of the curing agent particles falling off or pulverizing after drying. When the curing agent particles show severe cracking and surface cracking after drying, it indicates that the extrusion pressure of the curing agent during the granulation process is too high. At this time, the drive mechanism 111 is controlled to drive the connecting plate 109 to move closer to the template 104 to reduce the extrusion pressure of the raw material, reduce the internal stress of the curing agent particles, and reduce the probability of drying cracking and surface cracking.

[0025] The heavy metal soil remediation solidifier granulation equipment of the present invention can adjust the extrusion pressure in real time during the solidifier granulation process without changing the particle size of the solidifier particles. This prevents the solidifier particles from falling off and pulverizing after drying due to insufficient extrusion pressure, and also prevents the solidifier particles from cracking and surface cracking when the extrusion pressure is too high.

[0026] Based on the above embodiments, in order to make the extrusion pressure control precise and without jamming, thereby further reducing the probability of curing agent particles falling off, pulverizing, or drying cracking and surface cracking.

[0027] like Figures 1-3 and Figures 5-7 As shown, the drive shaft 103 is provided with a sliding cavity 203 along its axial direction. The piston 201 is slidably connected to the sliding cavity 203 only along the axial direction of the drive shaft 103. The sliding cavity 203 is connected to a hydraulic control circuit. The connecting plate 109 is fixedly connected to the piston 201. The piston 201 is connected to a sliding rod 204. The cross-section of the sliding rod 204 is a non-circular cross-section. The cutter 108 is provided with a sliding sleeve 205. The sliding sleeve 205 is slidably connected to the sliding rod 204 along the axial direction of the drive shaft 103. The inner wall of the sliding sleeve 205 is in contact with the outer wall of the sliding rod 204. The spring 202 is located outside the sliding rod 204 and abuts against the sliding sleeve 205. Under the action of the elastic force of the spring 202, the cutting edge of the cutter 108 is in contact with the bottom end of the multiple sliding tubes 110.

[0028] The hydraulic control circuit's oil supply / return causes changes in the hydraulic thrust within the slide cavity 203, which in turn pushes the piston 201 to slide axially along the transmission shaft 103. The movement of the piston 201 synchronously drives the connecting plate 109 to move axially, which in turn drives the slide tube 110 to slide along the die hole 107, thereby achieving adjustment of the extrusion channel length. When the piston 201 slides, it synchronously drives the non-circular cross-section slide rod 204 to move axially. The slide rod 204 elastically pushes the slide sleeve 205 through the spring 202, which in turn drives the cutter 108 to move axially synchronously with the slide tube 110, causing the slide rod 204 to rotate. Since the cross-section of the slide rod 204 is non-circular, when the slide rod 204 rotates, it can drive the slide sleeve 205 and the cutter 108 to rotate synchronously. The spring 202 continuously pushes the slide sleeve 205, so that the blade of the cutter 108 always fits against the bottom end of the slide tube 110. The hydraulically controlled piston 201, connecting plate 109, and slide tube 110 move, making the adjustment of extrusion pressure smooth and without impact, and the extrusion pressure control precise and without jamming, thereby further reducing the probability of curing agent particles falling off, pulverizing, or drying cracking and surface cracking.

[0029] As a preferred option, such as Figures 1-4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the axial direction of the extrusion roller 102 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the transmission shaft 103. A connecting frame 301 is slidably connected to the transmission shaft 103. The extrusion roller 102 is rotatably connected to the connecting frame 301. The transmission shaft 103 is provided with a limiting groove 302 along its own axial direction. A limiting slider 303 is slidably connected in the limiting groove 302. The limiting slider 303 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 301. The limiting groove 302 and the limiting groove 302 are used to prevent the connecting frame 301 from rotating relative to the transmission shaft 103. The inner wall of the upper cavity 105 is provided with a cam groove 304. A driving slider 305 is slidably connected in the cam groove 304. The driving slider 305 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 301. When the connecting frame 301 rotates with the transmission shaft 103, under the action of the cam groove 304 and the driving slider 305, the connecting frame 301 reciprocates along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 103. The rotation of the drive shaft 103 drives the limiting slider 303 to rotate synchronously. The limiting slider 303 then drives the connecting frame 301 and the extrusion roller 102 to revolve around the drive shaft 103. The revolve of the connecting frame 301 drives the driving slider 305 to slide along the trajectory of the cam groove 304. The curved surface of the cam groove 304 limits the driving slider 305 to move axially back and forth. The driving slider 305 then drives the connecting frame 301 to slide axially back and forth along the drive shaft 103, ultimately driving the extrusion roller 102 to achieve a compound action of revolving extrusion and axial reciprocating pressing. The multiple linkages achieve compound pressure from the extrusion roller 102. The compound pressure action makes the raw material more uniformly compacted, avoiding uneven local force that leads to extrusion pressure deviation, further improving the accuracy of extrusion pressure control. The raw material feed is uniform and the extrusion density is consistent. It can not only prevent slag and pulverization caused by local looseness, but also avoid the internal stress caused by local over-compaction, reducing the possibility of particle drying cracking and surface cracking.

[0030] As a preferred option, such as Figures 1-4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a scraper 6 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 103. One side of the scraper 6 abuts against the top of the template 104, and the angle between the scraper 6 and the top of the template 104 is an acute angle. The rotation of the drive shaft 103 directly drives the scraper 6 to rotate synchronously. When the scraper 6 rotates, the side of it that abuts against the top of the template 104 continuously scrapes the top surface of the template 104, thereby pushing or scraping away residual raw materials and clumps on the surface of the template 104 towards the die hole 107, preventing raw materials from accumulating and clogging the entrance of the die hole 107. The drive shaft 103 and the scraper 6 are directly linked, and the scraping action is synchronous and without lag, promptly cleaning residual raw materials in the template 104 and promptly clearing blockages at the entrance of the die hole 107, ensuring that the extrusion channel is unobstructed throughout, avoiding sudden increases / decreases in local extrusion pressure due to blockage, and effectively improving the accuracy of extrusion pressure control.

[0031] As a preferred option, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the connecting frame 301 is equipped with a pressure sensor 7, which is used to detect the real-time extrusion pressure value of the extrusion roller 102. The hydraulic control circuit is electrically connected to a controller, which presets a pressure threshold. The controller controls the hydraulic control circuit to operate according to the real-time extrusion pressure value, thereby adjusting the position of the slide tube 110 relative to the slide hole so that the real-time extrusion pressure on the extrusion roller 102 is maintained at the pressure threshold. When the extrusion roller 102 is under pressure, it transmits the extrusion pressure to the connecting frame 301, and then to the pressure sensor 7. The pressure sensor 7 collects pressure data in real time and transmits it to the controller. After comparing the real-time pressure with the preset threshold, the controller outputs a command to control the hydraulic control circuit to operate. The hydraulic control circuit then drives the piston 201, the connecting plate 109, and the slide tube 110 to move axially, adjusting the length of the extrusion channel, and thus adjusting the extrusion pressure, so that the force on the extrusion roller 102 returns to the threshold range, forming a closed-loop linkage control. The closed-loop linkage enables fully automatic and precise control of extrusion pressure, with fast pressure response and small adjustment error, which improves the accuracy of extrusion pressure control. This can both prevent insufficient pressure from causing the particles to become loose and fall off, and prevent excessive pressure from causing the particles to crack during drying.

[0032] As a preferred option, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the hydraulic control circuit is equipped with an overflow valve and a flow regulating valve. The overflow valve is electrically connected to the controller, which has a preset pressure upper limit. When the real-time extrusion pressure on the extrusion roller 102 exceeds the pressure upper limit, the overflow valve opens to automatically relieve pressure, preventing sudden pressure changes from damaging the molding effect and the equipment. When the extrusion roller 102 is overloaded, the pressure sensor 7 transmits an overpressure signal to the controller, which then triggers the overflow valve to open. The overflow valve's action quickly relieves pressure in the hydraulic control circuit. After pressure relief, the piston 201 and the slide tube 110 reset in tandem, reducing the extrusion pressure. Simultaneously, the flow regulating valve regulates the hydraulic oil flow, thereby controlling the axial movement speed of the slide tube 110 and achieving smooth pressure adjustment.

[0033] As a preferred option, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the inner walls of the die hole 107 and the slide tube 110 are provided with wear-resistant coatings. The wear-resistant coating is linked to the extrusion action of the raw material, which greatly improves the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the inner wall, avoids scratches and unevenness on the inner wall, ensures that the extrusion channel is smooth and flat, thereby ensuring stable and controllable extrusion pressure and improving the accuracy of extrusion pressure control.

[0034] As a preferred option, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the plurality of slide tubes 110 are detachably connected to the connecting plate 109. The slide tubes 110 and the connecting plate 109 are detachably linked, allowing for flexible replacement of slide tubes 110 of different specifications to adapt to multi-particle-size granulation needs and improve equipment adaptability.

[0035] As a preferred option, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the top of the slide tube 110 is provided with an inverted conical surface. The extrusion feeding is linked to the guiding action of the slide tube 110, which optimizes the feeding path, solves the problems of broken strips and air bubbles caused by poor feeding, reduces feeding resistance, and makes the raw material feeding more stable.

[0036] This invention also provides a method for granulation of a heavy metal soil remediation solidification agent using granulation equipment, comprising the following steps: Check the fitting accuracy between the slide tube 110 and the die hole 107, calibrate the fit between the cutter 108 and the bottom end of the slide tube 110, test the linkage stability between the extrusion roller 102, the drive shaft 103 and the cutter 108 and set the appropriate operating parameters. The curing agent raw material is fed into the upper cavity 105 of the shell 101. The drive shaft 103 drives the extrusion roller 102 to rotate, so as to push the curing agent raw material into the extrusion channel formed by the die hole 107 and the slide tube 110. At the same time, the drive shaft 103 drives the cutter 108 to rotate through the drive mechanism 111 to cut the extruded strip to obtain curing agent granules. The curing agent granules fall into the bottom of the lower cavity 106 of the shell 101 and are dried in a subsequent process to obtain the finished product, thus realizing continuous granulation. During this process, the state of the curing agent particles after drying is monitored in real time. When the curing agent particles show severe powder shedding, the drive mechanism 111 is controlled to move the connecting plate 109 away from the template 104 to increase the extrusion pressure. When the curing agent particles show severe cracking and surface cracking, the drive mechanism 111 is controlled to move the connecting plate 109 closer to the template 104 to reduce the extrusion pressure.

[0037] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A granulation equipment for a heavy metal soil remediation solidification agent, comprising a shell, extrusion rollers, and a drive shaft, wherein the shell is vertically arranged, and the drive shaft is coaxially arranged with the shell and connected to the extrusion rollers, characterized in that, Also includes: A template is provided inside the housing, which divides the inner cavity of the housing into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The template is provided with multiple die holes along the axial direction of the drive shaft, and the extrusion roller is located in the upper cavity. The pressure regulating unit includes a connecting plate, a driving mechanism, and multiple sliding tubes. The connecting plate is arranged parallel to the template. The multiple sliding tubes are fixedly connected to the connecting plate. Each sliding tube is slidably connected to and communicates with a mold hole. The inner wall of each mold hole fits against the outer wall of the sliding tube inside it. The upper cavity is connected to the lower cavity through the mold hole and the sliding tube. The bottom ends of the multiple sliding tubes are flush. The driving mechanism is mounted on a transmission shaft. The connecting plate is connected to the driving mechanism. The cutter is located in the lower cavity and is arranged radially along the drive shaft. The cutter is connected to the drive mechanism, and the cutting edge of the cutter is in contact with the bottom end of multiple sliding tubes. The drive shaft drives the cutter to rotate through the drive mechanism, and the drive mechanism drives the connecting plate and the cutter to move along the axial direction of the mold hole.

2. The granulation equipment for heavy metal soil remediation solidification agent as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a piston and a spring. The drive shaft has a sliding cavity along its axial direction. The piston is slidably connected to the sliding cavity only along the axial direction of the drive shaft. The sliding cavity is connected to a hydraulic control circuit. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the piston. The piston is connected to a sliding rod. The cross-section of the sliding rod is a non-circular cross-section. The cutter is provided with a sliding sleeve. The sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the sliding rod along the axial direction of the drive shaft. The inner wall of the sliding sleeve is in contact with the outer wall of the sliding rod. The spring is located outside the sliding rod and abuts against the sliding sleeve. Under the action of the spring's elastic force, the cutting edge of the cutter is in contact with the bottom ends of multiple sliding tubes.

3. The granulation equipment for heavy metal soil remediation solidification agent as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The axial direction of the extrusion roller is perpendicular to the axial direction of the drive shaft. A connecting frame is slidably connected to the drive shaft. The extrusion roller is rotatably connected to the connecting frame. The drive shaft is provided with a limiting groove along its own axial direction. A limiting slider is slidably connected in the limiting groove. The limiting slider is fixedly connected to the connecting frame. The limiting groove and the limiting groove are used to prevent the connecting frame from rotating relative to the drive shaft. A cam groove is provided on the inner wall of the upper cavity. A driving slider is slidably connected in the cam groove. The driving slider is fixedly connected to the connecting frame. When the connecting frame rotates with the drive shaft, under the action of the cam groove and the driving slider, the connecting frame reciprocates along the axial direction of the drive shaft.

4. The granulation equipment for heavy metal soil remediation solidification agent as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A scraper is fixedly connected to the drive shaft, and one side of the scraper abuts against the top of the template, with an acute angle between the scraper and the top of the template.

5. The granulation equipment for heavy metal soil remediation solidification agent as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting frame is equipped with a pressure sensor, which is used to detect the real-time extrusion pressure value of the extrusion roller. The hydraulic control circuit is electrically connected to a controller, which presets a pressure threshold. The controller controls the hydraulic control circuit to operate according to the real-time extrusion pressure value, thereby adjusting the position of the slide tube relative to the slide hole so that the real-time extrusion pressure of the extrusion roller is maintained at the pressure threshold.

6. The granulation equipment for heavy metal soil remediation solidification agent as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The hydraulic control circuit is equipped with an overflow valve and a flow regulating valve. The overflow valve is electrically connected to the controller. The controller has a preset pressure upper limit value. When the real-time extrusion pressure on the extrusion roller is greater than the pressure upper limit value, the overflow valve opens to automatically relieve pressure and avoid damage to the molding effect and equipment caused by sudden pressure changes.

7. The granulation equipment for heavy metal soil remediation solidification agent as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner walls of the die holes and the inner walls of the slide tube are provided with wear-resistant coatings.

8. The granulation equipment for heavy metal soil remediation solidification agent as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of sliding tubes are detachably connected to the connecting plate.

9. The granulation equipment for heavy metal soil remediation solidification agent as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the slide tube is provided with an inverted conical surface.

10. A method for granulation using the heavy metal soil remediation solidification agent granulation equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Check the fit accuracy between the slide tube and the die hole, calibrate the fit between the cutter and the bottom of the slide tube, test the linkage stability of the extrusion roller, drive shaft and cutter and set the appropriate operating parameters; The curing agent raw material is fed into the upper cavity of the shell, and the drive shaft drives the extrusion roller to rotate, so as to push the curing agent raw material into the extrusion channel composed of the die orifice and the slide tube. At the same time, the drive shaft drives the cutter to rotate through the drive mechanism, cutting the extruded strip to obtain curing agent granules. The curing agent granules fall into the bottom of the lower cavity of the shell, and the finished product is obtained through the subsequent drying process, realizing continuous granulation. During this process, the state of the curing agent particles after drying is monitored in real time. When the curing agent particles show severe powder shedding, the drive mechanism is controlled to move the connecting plate away from the template to increase the extrusion pressure. When the curing agent particles show severe cracking and surface cracking, the drive mechanism is controlled to move the connecting plate closer to the template to reduce the extrusion pressure.

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