Environment-friendly low-chlorine and low-nanometer snow-melting agent, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

This application provides an environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, low-sodium de-icing agent, its preparation method, and its application, belonging to the field of de-icing material technology. The environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, low-sodium de-icing agent comprises the following components by weight: a rapid de-icing component: 35-45 parts, composed of calcium formate and magnesium acetate; an ice-inhibiting and corrosion-inhibiting component: 38-55 parts, composed of polyepoxysuccinic acid, zinc lactate, and sorbitol; and a long-lasting performance component: 10-15 parts, composed of nano-scale hydrophobically modified zeolite and carboxymethyl chitosan. The environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, low-sodium de-icing agent of this invention has significant advantages in ice suppression rate, duration of action, corrosion inhibition, and anti-caking properties, and can better meet the actual needs of snow and ice removal on roads, bridges, airport runways, or critical facilities, while reducing damage to the environment and infrastructure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of snow melting materials technology, and in particular to an environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, low-sodium snow melting agent, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional chloride-based de-icing agents (such as NaCl and CaCl2) are widely used due to their low cost and high snow-melting efficiency. However, these agents cause severe corrosion to metal components such as roads, bridges, and vehicles, as well as reinforced concrete structures, shortening their service life and resulting in significant economic costs and safety hazards. Furthermore, the high salt content seeps into the soil and groundwater with the snowmelt runoff, leading to soil compaction and salinization, harming roadside vegetation growth, and even polluting water sources.

[0003] Existing high-chlorine, high-sodium de-icing agents not only cause severe environmental damage but also have numerous performance shortcomings. On the one hand, their high-chlorine, high-sodium properties significantly reduce their snow-melting efficiency in low-temperature environments, making it impossible to effectively and promptly remove snow and ice from critical areas such as roads and bridges, thus affecting the safety and smooth flow of transportation. On the other hand, due to their strong corrosiveness, these de-icing agents cause serious damage to storage containers and transportation equipment during storage and transportation, increasing additional costs and maintenance work.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need to provide an environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, and low-sodium de-icing agent. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application is made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide an environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, low-sodium de-icing agent, its preparation method and application.

[0006] Specifically, the first aspect of this application provides an environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, low-sodium de-icing agent, comprising the following components by weight: Rapid snow melting component: 35-45 parts, wherein the rapid snow melting component is composed of calcium formate and magnesium acetate; Ice-inhibiting and corrosion-inhibiting component: 38-55 parts, wherein the ice-inhibiting and corrosion-inhibiting component is composed of polyepoxysuccinic acid, zinc lactate and sorbitol; Long-lasting performance component: 10-15 parts, wherein the long-lasting performance component is composed of nano-sized hydrophobically modified zeolite and carboxymethyl chitosan.

[0007] Furthermore, the rapid snow-melting component contains 18-22 parts by mass of calcium formate and 17-23 parts by mass of magnesium acetate.

[0008] Furthermore, the ice-inhibiting and corrosion-inhibiting components contain 12-18 parts by mass of polyepoxysuccinic acid, 8-12 parts by mass of zinc lactate, and 18-25 parts by mass of sorbitol.

[0009] Furthermore, the mass fraction of the nano-sized hydrophobically modified zeolite in the durable performance component is 5-8 parts, and the mass fraction of carboxymethyl chitosan is 5-7 parts.

[0010] Furthermore, the preparation method of nanoscale hydrophobic modified zeolite includes: grinding natural zeolite to the nanoscale, dispersing it in anhydrous ethanol, adding hexadecyltrimethoxysilane, reacting at 60-80℃, and obtaining nanoscale hydrophobic modified zeolite by filtration, washing, and drying.

[0011] Furthermore, the particle size of the nano-scale hydrophobic modified zeolite is 80-150 nanometers.

[0012] The second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing an environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, low-sodium de-icing agent, comprising the following steps: S1. Carrier pretreatment and loading: The nano-sized hydrophobic modified zeolite is preheated to 50-60℃. Under stirring conditions, the polyepoxysuccinic acid solution is atomized and sprayed in to make it uniformly loaded, thus obtaining the zeolite intermediate loaded with polyepoxysuccinic acid. S2. Liquid phase homogenization: Sorbitol, zinc lactate and carboxymethyl chitosan are dissolved in water and stirred at 40-50℃ to form a homogeneous liquid phase system; S3. Liquid-solid composite: Calcium formate, magnesium acetate and the zeolite intermediate loaded with PESA are mixed in a solid phase, and then the liquid phase system is atomized and sprayed into the solid phase material being mixed to form composite wet particles. S4. Drying and curing: The composite wet particles are dried until the moisture content is ≤1.5%, and then cured in a sealed environment.

[0013] Further, in step S1, the polyepoxysuccinic acid solution is atomized and sprayed at a rate of 5-10 mL / min; after spraying, it is kept warm and stirred for 15-25 minutes at the preheated temperature.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S2, the stirring speed is 550-650 rpm and the mixing time is 40-60 minutes.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S3, the rotation speed of the solid phase mixing is 15-20 rpm, and the mixing time is 10-15 minutes; And / or, the atomization process during spraying is carried out by a high-shear device with a shear rate ≥10000s. -1 The spraying time is 20-30 minutes; And / or, after spraying, increase the mixing speed to 25-30 rpm and continue mixing for 15-25 minutes.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S4, the drying is a two-stage fluidized bed drying: the first stage is drying at 65-70℃ for 20-30 minutes, and the second stage is drying at 55-60℃ for 50-70 minutes; And / or, the curing is carried out at a temperature of 20-30℃ and a relative humidity of ≤40% for a curing time of 20-28 hours.

[0017] The third aspect of this application provides the application of the aforementioned environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, low-sodium de-icing agent in the removal of ice and snow from roads, bridges, airport runways, or critical facilities.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: In this invention, the calcium formate and magnesium acetate in the rapid snow-melting component can react quickly with ice and snow, rapidly lowering their freezing point and causing them to melt in a short time. This effectively addresses sudden snowfall and ensures the smooth operation of critical areas such as roads, bridges, and airport runways. Secondly, the polyepoxysuccinic acid in the ice-inhibiting and corrosion-inhibiting component has excellent dispersion and ice crystal growth inhibition capabilities, preventing melted snow from refreezing. Zinc lactate and sorbitol have significant corrosion-inhibiting effects on metal components and reinforced concrete structures, greatly reducing the corrosion of infrastructure by the snow-melting agent, extending its service life, and reducing economic costs and safety hazards caused by corrosion. Furthermore, the nano-scale hydrophobically modified zeolite in the long-lasting component has a large specific surface area and adsorption capacity, enabling it to continuously adsorb moisture and maintain a dry snow-melting environment. Carboxymethyl chitosan can form a protective film on the surface of objects, further enhancing the long-lasting effectiveness of the snow-melting agent.

[0019] In terms of the preparation method, in the carrier pretreatment and loading steps, polyepoxysuccinic acid solution is uniformly loaded onto nano-scale hydrophobic modified zeolite, so that the two can be fully combined and exert a synergistic effect; the liquid phase homogenization step ensures that sorbitol, zinc lactate and carboxymethyl chitosan are uniformly distributed in the liquid phase system; the liquid-solid composite step fully mixes the components to form composite wet particles, ensuring the quality uniformity of the de-icing agent; the drying and curing steps strictly control the temperature, humidity and time, making the performance of the de-icing agent more stable. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following description and illustration are provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] Obviously, the following description is merely some examples or embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art can apply this application to other similar scenarios without any inventive effort. Furthermore, it is understood that although the effort involved in such development may be complex and lengthy, for those skilled in the art related to the content disclosed in this application, any changes to design, manufacturing, or production based on the technical content disclosed in this application are merely conventional technical means and should not be construed as insufficient disclosure of the content of this application.

[0022] An embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides an environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, low-sodium de-icing agent, comprising the following components by weight: Rapid snow melting component: 35-45 parts, wherein the rapid snow melting component is composed of calcium formate and magnesium acetate; Ice-inhibiting and corrosion-inhibiting component: 38-55 parts, wherein the ice-inhibiting and corrosion-inhibiting component is composed of polyepoxysuccinic acid, zinc lactate and sorbitol; Long-lasting performance component: 10-15 parts, wherein the long-lasting performance component is composed of nano-sized hydrophobically modified zeolite and carboxymethyl chitosan.

[0023] In this invention, the calcium formate and magnesium acetate in the rapid snow-melting component can react quickly with ice and snow, rapidly lowering their freezing point and causing them to melt in a short time. This effectively addresses sudden snowfall and ensures the smooth operation of critical areas such as roads, bridges, and airport runways. Secondly, the polyepoxysuccinic acid in the ice-inhibiting and corrosion-inhibiting component has excellent dispersion and ice crystal growth inhibition capabilities, preventing melted snow from refreezing. Zinc lactate and sorbitol have significant corrosion-inhibiting effects on metal components and reinforced concrete structures, greatly reducing the corrosion of infrastructure by the snow-melting agent, extending its service life, and reducing economic costs and safety hazards caused by corrosion. Furthermore, the nano-scale hydrophobically modified zeolite in the long-lasting component has a large specific surface area and adsorption capacity, enabling it to continuously adsorb moisture and maintain a dry snow-melting environment. Carboxymethyl chitosan can form a protective film on the surface of objects, further enhancing the long-lasting effectiveness of the snow-melting agent.

[0024] In this embodiment, the mass fraction of calcium formate in the rapid snow melting component is 18-22 parts, which can be any value among 18, 19, 20, 21, and 22 parts.

[0025] The mass fraction of magnesium acetate is 17-23 parts, and can be any value among 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, and 23 parts.

[0026] In this embodiment, the mass fraction of polyepoxysuccinic acid in the ice-inhibiting and corrosion-inhibiting component is 12-18 parts, the mass fraction of zinc lactate is 8-12 parts, and the mass fraction of sorbitol is 18-25 parts.

[0027] Polyepoxysuccinic acid (PESA) is a green, biodegradable polymer that effectively disperses ice crystals in aqueous solutions, preventing their aggregation and growth, thus preventing snowmelt from refreezing at low temperatures. Its carboxyl and ether bonds in its molecular structure can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, reducing the surface energy of ice crystals and making it difficult for them to form a stable crystal lattice structure. Zinc lactate, as a metal corrosion inhibitor, can form a dense protective film on metal surfaces, preventing chemical reactions between the de-icing agent and the metal, and slowing down the corrosion rate. Furthermore, lactate ions can form a hydrogen bond network with PESA, enhancing its adsorption stability at the ice-water interface, thereby prolonging the duration of the ice-suppressing effect. Sorbitol has good hydrophilicity and moisturizing properties; it can adsorb onto metal and concrete surfaces, forming a hydration film that isolates external corrosive media. It also reduces the surface tension of the solution, allowing the de-icing agent to spread better on the ice and snow surface, improving snow melting efficiency. Sorbitol, PESA, and zinc lactate together constitute an ice crystal growth inhibition network.

[0028] In this embodiment, the mass fraction of the nano-scale hydrophobic modified zeolite in the long-lasting performance component is 5-8 parts, and the mass fraction of carboxymethyl chitosan is 5-7 parts.

[0029] In this embodiment, the particle size of the nano-scale hydrophobic modified zeolite is 80-150 nanometers.

[0030] The modification method of the nanoscale hydrophobic modified zeolite is as follows: The preparation method of the nanoscale hydrophobic modified zeolite includes: wet ball milling natural zeolite at a high speed of 400 rpm for 8 hours, drying the resulting slurry at 80℃ for 12 hours to obtain a nanoscale zeolite precursor with a particle size distribution (D50) of 80-150 nm; activating the nanoscale zeolite precursor at 450℃ for 2 hours; dispersing 5 g of the thermally activated nanoscale zeolite in 200 mL of anhydrous ethanol, and ultrasonically dispersing it for 30 minutes at 800 W in an ultrasonic cell disruptor to form a stable suspension A; dissolving 1.5 g of hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) in 50 mL of anhydrous ethanol and magnetically stirring for 10 minutes to form solution B; adding solution B dropwise to suspension A at a slow rate of 1-3 mL / min, and after the addition is complete, continuously refluxing at 60-80℃ for 12 hours, and obtaining nanoscale hydrophobic modified zeolite after filtration, washing, and drying.

[0031] The second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing an environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, low-sodium de-icing agent, comprising the following steps: S1. Carrier pretreatment and loading: The nano-sized hydrophobic modified zeolite is preheated to 50-60℃. Under stirring conditions, the polyepoxysuccinic acid solution is atomized and sprayed in to make it uniformly loaded, thus obtaining the zeolite intermediate loaded with polyepoxysuccinic acid. S2. Liquid phase homogenization: Sorbitol, zinc lactate and carboxymethyl chitosan are dissolved in water and stirred at 40-50℃ to form a homogeneous liquid phase system; S3. Liquid-solid composite: Calcium formate, magnesium acetate and the zeolite intermediate loaded with PESA are mixed in a solid phase, and then the liquid phase system is atomized and sprayed into the solid phase material being mixed to form composite wet particles. S4. Drying and curing: The composite wet particles are dried until the moisture content is ≤1.5%, and then cured in a sealed environment.

[0032] In this embodiment, in step S1, the prescribed amount of nano-sized hydrophobic modified zeolite is added to a mixer, the mixer is started and stirred at low speed (200-300 rpm), and the heating system is turned on to slowly raise the material temperature to 50-60℃ and maintain it; the prescribed amount of polyepoxysuccinic acid is added to a spray can, and it is diluted with 10% of its weight of deionized water beforehand to facilitate atomization; the atomization device is started, and the polyepoxysuccinic acid solution is evenly sprayed into the zeolite powder in a tumbling state at a rate of 5-10 mL / min. After spraying, the mixture is kept warm and stirred for 15-25 minutes at the preheated temperature to ensure that PESA is fully adsorbed and initially fixed.

[0033] In this embodiment, in step S2, deionized water at 1.5 times the weight of sorbitol in the formula is added to the reaction vessel as a solvent, stirring is started (400 rpm), and sorbitol, zinc lactate and carboxymethyl chitosan in the formula are added in sequence. The temperature is slowly raised to 45-55°C and maintained at this temperature. The stirring speed is increased to 600 rpm and stirring is continued for 40-60 minutes until all components are completely dissolved, forming a homogeneous, viscous, transparent liquid.

[0034] In this embodiment, in step S3, the prescribed amounts of calcium formate, magnesium acetate, and the PESA-loaded zeolite intermediate prepared in step S1 are fed into a three-dimensional motion mixer. The mixer is started and mixed at 15-20 rpm for 10-15 minutes. Subsequently, the liquid phase system is atomized and sprayed into the solid phase material being mixed. The atomization process during spraying is performed using a high-shear device with a shear rate ≥10000 s. -1 The spraying time is 20-30 minutes; after spraying, increase the mixing speed to 25-30 rpm and continue mixing for 15-25 minutes. At this time, the material will gradually form uniform small particles.

[0035] In this embodiment, in step S4, the composite wet granules are evenly spread on the feeding tray of a fluidized bed dryer, with the material layer thickness controlled at 2-3 cm. The drying process is a two-stage fluidized bed drying: the first stage is drying at 65-70℃ for 20-30 minutes, and the second stage is drying at 55-60℃ for 50-70 minutes. The drying endpoint is a material moisture content ≤1.5%. The dried granules are then transferred to a constant temperature and humidity curing room, where curing is carried out at a temperature of 20-30℃ and a relative humidity ≤40% for 20-28 hours. This low-temperature, two-stage drying prevents the failure of heat-sensitive components. The curing process releases internal stress within the granules, allowing the interactions of ionic bonds and hydrogen bonds between components to reach a stable equilibrium, ensuring the uniformity and durability of product performance.

[0036] After the material has matured, it is passed through a vibrating screen to obtain uniform particles of 20-40 mesh as the final product.

[0037] The third aspect of this application provides the application of the aforementioned environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, low-sodium de-icing agent in the removal of ice and snow from roads, bridges, airport runways, or critical facilities.

[0038] Example The following examples describe the disclosure of this invention in more detail. These examples are merely illustrative, as various modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art within the scope of this disclosure. Unless otherwise stated, all parts, percentages, and ratios reported in the following examples are based on weight. Unless otherwise stated, all reagents used in the examples are available commercially or synthesized using conventional methods and are ready for use without further processing. Unless otherwise stated, all instruments used in the examples are available commercially.

[0039] Example 1 An environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, low-sodium de-icing agent comprises the following components by weight: 20 parts calcium formate, 20 parts magnesium acetate, 15 parts polyepoxysuccinic acid, 10 parts zinc lactate, 20 parts sorbitol, 7 parts nano-hydrophobic modified zeolite, and 6 parts carboxymethyl chitosan.

[0040] The preparation method of the environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, and low-sodium de-icing agent includes the following steps: S1. Carrier pretreatment and loading: The nano-sized hydrophobic modified zeolite is preheated to 50-60℃. Under stirring conditions, the polyepoxysuccinic acid solution is atomized and sprayed in to make it uniformly loaded, thus obtaining the zeolite intermediate loaded with polyepoxysuccinic acid. S2. Liquid phase homogenization: Sorbitol, zinc lactate and carboxymethyl chitosan are dissolved in water and stirred at 45°C to form a homogeneous liquid phase system; S3. Liquid-solid composite: Calcium formate, magnesium acetate and the zeolite intermediate loaded with PESA are mixed in a solid phase, and then the liquid phase system is atomized and sprayed into the solid phase material being mixed to form composite wet particles. S4. Drying and curing: The composite wet particles are dried until the moisture content is ≤1.5%, and then cured in a sealed environment.

[0041] Example 2 An environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, low-sodium de-icing agent comprises the following components by weight: 18 parts calcium formate, 17 parts magnesium acetate, 18 parts polyepoxysuccinic acid, 12 parts zinc lactate, 25 parts sorbitol, 5 parts nano-hydrophobic modified zeolite, and 5 parts carboxymethyl chitosan.

[0042] Example 3 An environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, low-sodium de-icing agent comprises the following components by weight: 22 parts calcium formate, 23 parts magnesium acetate, 12 parts polyepoxysuccinic acid, 8 parts zinc lactate, 18 parts sorbitol, 8 parts nano-sized hydrophobically modified zeolite, and 7 parts carboxymethyl chitosan.

[0043] Example 4 An environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, low-sodium de-icing agent comprises the following components by weight: 19 parts calcium formate, 18 parts magnesium acetate, 16 parts polyepoxysuccinic acid, 11 parts zinc lactate, 22 parts sorbitol, 6 parts nano-hydrophobic modified zeolite, and 6 parts carboxymethyl chitosan.

[0044] Example 5 An environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, low-sodium de-icing agent comprises the following components by weight: 21 parts calcium formate, 22 parts magnesium acetate, 14 parts polyepoxysuccinic acid, 9 parts zinc lactate, 19 parts sorbitol, 8 parts nano-sized hydrophobically modified zeolite, and 7 parts carboxymethyl chitosan.

[0045] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that the components are 40 parts calcium formate and 60 parts sodium chloride.

[0046] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that the components are 20 parts calcium formate, 20 parts magnesium acetate, 35 parts sorbitol, and 5 parts carboxymethyl cellulose binder.

[0047] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that the nano-scale hydrophobic modified zeolite is replaced with ordinary silica.

[0048] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that commercially available calcium magnesium acetate (CMA) is used.

[0049] Experimental Case The following tests were conducted on the de-icing agents of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4: (1) Ice suppression rate test: A 100g standard asphalt concrete test block (70mm×70mm×40mm) was pre-cooled to -10℃, and 0.5g of the de-icing agent sample to be tested was evenly sprinkled on its surface. Then, 5g of water was evenly sprayed on the surface of the test block using a spraying device, and the block was immediately placed in a -10℃ constant temperature chamber for 2 hours. After removal, the test block was placed at a fixed angle (30°) and height (50cm), and the back of the test block was struck by a standard impact device (500g steel ball) in free fall. The weight of the ice chips that fell from the surface of the test block was collected and weighed.

[0050] Ice suppression rate (%) = (weight of dislodged ice chips / 5g) × 100%. The higher this value, the lower the ice adhesion and the better the ice suppression effect.

[0051] (2) Duration test: After completing the above ice suppression rate test, the surface of the test block was washed with simulated rainfall of 5 mm / min for 1 minute, and then frozen at -10℃ for 2 hours. The ice suppression rate test was repeated and the ice suppression retention rate was calculated.

[0052] (3) Immerse the Q235 carbon steel test piece in a 20% de-icing agent aqueous solution at 25°C for 168 hours (7 days) and calculate the corrosion rate.

[0053] (4) Anti-caking test: Place 50g of sample in a constant temperature and humidity chamber (40℃, relative humidity 80%) for 7 days, observe the clumping situation, and measure its angle of repose to evaluate its flowability.

[0054] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0055]

[0056] As shown in Table 1, the environmentally friendly low-chlorine and low-sodium de-icing agents of Examples 1-5 exhibited significantly higher ice-suppression rates than the comparative examples in the ice-suppression rate test. This is because the polyepoxysuccinic acid in the examples effectively disperses ice crystals, preventing their aggregation and growth, fundamentally reducing the adhesion of the ice layer, increasing the weight of the shaken-off ice chips, and significantly improving the ice-suppression effect. In terms of persistence, the examples also showed a greater advantage in ice-suppression retention rate. Nanoscale hydrophobic modified zeolite and carboxymethyl chitosan played key roles in this process. Nanoscale hydrophobic modified zeolite has a large specific surface area and adsorption capacity, enabling it to continuously adsorb moisture and maintain a dry de-icing environment; carboxymethyl chitosan can form a protective film on the surface of objects, effectively retaining the ice-suppression effect of the de-icing agent even after simulated rainfall. Regarding the corrosion rate test, the corrosion rate of the examples was much lower than that of the comparative examples. Zinc lactate and sorbitol have significant corrosion-inhibiting effects on metal components and reinforced concrete structures. They form a dense protective film on the metal surface, preventing the chemical components in the de-icing agent from reacting with the metal and greatly reducing corrosion to infrastructure. In the anti-caking test, the de-icing agent in the example exhibited good fluidity, a small angle of repose, and was not prone to clumping.

[0057] Comparative Example 1, due to the use of a large amount of sodium chloride, exhibited poor ice-suppressing rate and persistence. While sodium chloride had some snow-melting effect at low temperatures, its ice-deposition phenomenon became more severe as the temperature decreased, leading to increased ice adhesion and a reduced ice-suppressing rate. Furthermore, after simulated rainfall, sodium chloride was easily washed away, failing to sustain its ice-suppressing effect and resulting in a low ice retention rate. Simultaneously, sodium chloride is highly corrosive to metals; the corrosion rate of Q235 carbon steel specimens in its aqueous solution was extremely high, causing serious damage to metal components in infrastructure such as roads and bridges. Regarding anti-caking properties, due to its high hygroscopicity, sodium chloride easily caking in high humidity environments, exhibiting a large angle of repose and poor fluidity.

[0058] Comparative Example 2, lacking key components such as polyepoxysuccinic acid and nano-scale hydrophobically modified zeolite, exhibited significantly insufficient anti-icing effect and persistence. While sorbitol possessed some snow-melting properties, its use alone failed to effectively disperse ice crystals, hindering the formation of a stable ice crystal growth inhibition network and resulting in a low anti-icing rate. Furthermore, without the adsorption effect of nano-scale hydrophobically modified zeolite and the protective effect of carboxymethyl chitosan, the anti-icing effect of the de-icing agent decreased drastically after simulated rainfall, exhibiting poor persistence. Regarding corrosion rate, although sorbitol provided corrosion inhibition, the overall effect was still inferior to the examples due to the lack of synergistic effects from corrosion inhibitors such as zinc lactate. In terms of anti-caking properties, the use of CMC binder increased the likelihood of agglomeration to some extent, resulting in a larger angle of repose and affecting flowability.

[0059] In Comparative Example 3, replacing the nano-sized hydrophobically modified zeolite with ordinary silica significantly reduced the ice-suppressing and retention performance. Ordinary silica has a much smaller specific surface area and lower adsorption capacity than nano-sized hydrophobically modified zeolite, making it unable to continuously adsorb moisture and maintain a dry snow-melting environment. After simulated rainfall, the effective components of the snow-melting agent were easily lost, leading to a reduced ice-suppressing retention rate. Regarding corrosion rate, the lack of synergistic effect between nano-sized hydrophobically modified zeolite and other components resulted in a poorer corrosion inhibition effect on metals. In terms of anti-caking properties, ordinary silica tends to agglomerate in high-humidity environments, making the snow-melting agent more prone to clumping, increasing the angle of repose, and reducing fluidity.

[0060] Comparative Example 4, a commercially available calcium magnesium acetate (CMA) de-icing agent, also falls short of the examples in various performance indicators. Although CMA itself possesses certain snow-melting and corrosion-inhibiting properties, it cannot compare with the environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, low-sodium de-icing agent of this invention in terms of ice suppression rate and persistence. CMA lacks the ice crystal growth inhibition network composed of polyepoxysuccinic acid, zinc lactate, and sorbitol, and therefore cannot effectively reduce the adhesion of the ice layer or improve the durability of the ice suppression effect. Regarding corrosion rate, although CMA has relatively low corrosivity to metals, it is still higher than that of the examples because the synergistic effect of multiple corrosion inhibitors in the de-icing agent of this invention is stronger. In terms of anti-caking properties, CMA also exhibits some agglomeration in high humidity environments, with a larger angle of repose and less fluidity than the examples.

[0061] In summary, the environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, and low-sodium de-icing agent of the present invention has significant advantages in terms of ice suppression rate, duration of action, corrosion inhibition, and anti-caking properties. It can better meet the actual needs of snow and ice removal on roads, bridges, airport runways, or critical facilities, while reducing damage to the environment and infrastructure. It should be noted that this application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above embodiments are merely examples, and any embodiments with the same structure and effect as the technical concept within the scope of this application are included in the technical scope of this application. Furthermore, various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments, and other ways of constructing by combining some of the constituent elements of the embodiments, without departing from the spirit of this application, are also included in the scope of this application.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, low-sodium de-icing agent, characterized in that, It includes the following components in parts by weight: Rapid snow melting component: 35-45 parts, wherein the rapid snow melting component is composed of calcium formate and magnesium acetate; Ice-inhibiting and corrosion-inhibiting component: 38-55 parts, wherein the ice-inhibiting and corrosion-inhibiting component is composed of polyepoxysuccinic acid, zinc lactate and sorbitol; Long-lasting performance component: 10-15 parts, wherein the long-lasting performance component is composed of nano-sized hydrophobically modified zeolite and carboxymethyl chitosan.

2. The environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, low-sodium de-icing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rapid snow-melting component contains 18-22 parts by mass of calcium formate and 17-23 parts by mass of magnesium acetate.

3. The environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, low-sodium de-icing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ice-inhibiting and corrosion-inhibiting components contain 12-18 parts by mass of polyepoxysuccinic acid, 8-12 parts by mass of zinc lactate, and 18-25 parts by mass of sorbitol.

4. The environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, low-sodium de-icing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The effective and durable component contains 5-8 parts by mass of nano-sized hydrophobic modified zeolite and 5-7 parts by mass of carboxymethyl chitosan. And / or, methods for preparing nanoscale hydrophobically modified zeolites include: Natural zeolite was ground to the nanoscale and then dispersed in anhydrous ethanol. Hexadecyltrimethoxysilane was added and reacted at 60-80℃. After filtration, washing and drying, nanoscale hydrophobic modified zeolite was obtained.

5. A method for preparing an environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, low-sodium de-icing agent, characterized in that, The preparation of the environmentally friendly low-chlorine and low-sodium de-icing agent according to any one of claims 1-4 includes the following steps: S1. Carrier pretreatment and loading: The nano-sized hydrophobic modified zeolite is preheated to 50-60℃. Under stirring conditions, the polyepoxysuccinic acid solution is atomized and sprayed in to make it uniformly loaded, thus obtaining the zeolite intermediate loaded with polyepoxysuccinic acid. S2. Liquid phase homogenization: Sorbitol, zinc lactate and carboxymethyl chitosan are dissolved in water and stirred at 40-50℃ to form a homogeneous liquid phase system; S3. Liquid-solid composite: Calcium formate, magnesium acetate and the zeolite intermediate loaded with PESA are mixed in a solid phase, and then the liquid phase system is atomized and sprayed into the solid phase material being mixed to form composite wet particles. S4. Drying and curing: The composite wet particles are dried until the moisture content is ≤1.5%, and then cured in a sealed environment.

6. The preparation method of the environmentally friendly low-chlorine and low-sodium de-icing agent according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S1, the polyepoxysuccinic acid solution is atomized and sprayed at a rate of 5-10 mL / min; after spraying, it is kept warm and stirred for 15-25 minutes at the preheated temperature.

7. The preparation method of the environmentally friendly low-chlorine and low-sodium de-icing agent according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S2, the stirring speed is 550-650 rpm and the mixing time is 40-60 minutes.

8. The preparation method of the environmentally friendly low-chlorine and low-sodium de-icing agent according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S3, the rotation speed of solid-phase mixing is 15-20 rpm, and the mixing time is 10-15 minutes; And / or, the atomization process during spraying is carried out by a high-shear device with a shear rate ≥10000s. -1 The spraying time is 20-30 minutes; And / or, after spraying, increase the mixing speed to 25-30 rpm and continue mixing for 15-25 minutes.

9. The preparation method of the environmentally friendly low-chlorine and low-sodium de-icing agent according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S4, the drying is a two-stage fluidized bed drying: the first stage is drying at 65-70℃ for 20-30 minutes, and the second stage is drying at 55-60℃ for 50-70 minutes. And / or, the curing is carried out at a temperature of 20-30℃ and a relative humidity of ≤40% for a curing time of 20-28 hours.

10. The application of an environmentally friendly, low-chlorine, low-sodium de-icing agent as described in any one of claims 1-4 in the removal of ice and snow from roads, bridges, airport runways, or critical facilities.

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