Solid waste cathode carbon block leaching equipment and process for preparing lithium battery negative electrode material thereof

Abstract

The application provides a solid waste cathode carbon block leaching equipment and a lithium battery negative electrode material preparation process thereof, and relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment. The top of the leaching tank is provided with a top cover, the top of the top cover is provided with a mounting frame, the driving mechanism comprises a motor mounted on the top of the mounting frame, the output shaft key groove of the motor is connected with a driving rod, the bottom end of the driving rod is fixedly provided with a stirring frame in the inside of the leaching tank, and the outer wall key groove of the driving rod is connected with a first gear. The scheme drives the uniform lifting of the lower pressing plate by designing a fixed-stroke reciprocating ring to lower the cathode carbon block on the basis of the rotary conveying of the screw conveyor, and then, if there is a cathode carbon block, pressure is applied from the top, the rotary screw conveyor can progressively break the agglomerated traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces layer by layer, the over-crushing can be avoided, and the blockage can be eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid waste treatment, and in particular to a solid waste cathode carbon block leaching device and a process for preparing lithium battery anode materials. Background Technology

[0002] In the aluminum electrolysis production process, a large amount of waste carbon cathodes are generated. This is a hazardous solid waste containing toxic components such as fluorides and cyanides. Direct discharge will lead to soil and water pollution. How to efficiently separate carbon from electrolytes and realize the resource utilization of hazardous waste is a key technological bottleneck for the green development of the aluminum industry.

[0003] In the past, cathode carbon blocks were often directly landfilled, but the fluorides and cyanides in them could seep into the soil and pollute groundwater, causing significant impacts on the health of plants and animals and the ecological balance. Therefore, they were classified as hazardous solid waste. How to efficiently separate carbon from electrolytes and realize the resource utilization of hazardous waste is a key technological bottleneck for the green development of the aluminum industry. Existing research shows that cathode carbon blocks contain a large amount of graphitized carbon, which has the potential to be used as a negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries.

[0004] In the existing technology, cathode carbon blocks are prone to agglomeration during the leaching process. This has two drawbacks: first, the agglomerated material takes a long time to participate in the leaching process and it is not easy to fully leach and extract valuable substances; second, if the agglomerated material appears at the feeding end, it will cause feeding difficulties and cause jamming during screw conveying.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide solid waste cathode carbon block leaching equipment and its process for preparing lithium battery anode materials to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a solid waste cathode carbon block leaching equipment and a process for preparing lithium battery anode materials, which solves the problems in related technologies where cathode carbon blocks easily form clumps during feeding, affecting the leaching effect and causing feeding jams.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the solid waste cathode carbon block leaching equipment provided by the present invention includes a heating base, a leaching tank, a driving mechanism and a pressing mechanism;

[0008] The leaching tank is equipped with a top cover, and a mounting frame is installed on the top of the top cover. The drive mechanism includes a motor installed on the top of the mounting frame. The output shaft of the motor is connected to a drive rod via a keyway. A stirring frame is fixed at the bottom of the drive rod and inside the leaching tank. A first gear is connected to the keyway on the outer wall of the drive rod. A second gear is meshed with the left side of the first gear. A rotating rod is connected to the keyway at the shaft of the second gear. A screw conveyor is installed on the left side of the leaching tank.

[0009] The pressing mechanism includes a frame fixed to the upper surface of the screw conveyor, an installation frame installed on the inner wall of the frame, a hopper fixed on the side wall of the frame, and a discharge port opened on the inner wall of the frame below the installation frame.

[0010] The mounting frame is equipped with a half gear and a reciprocating ring. The inner wall of the reciprocating ring is fixed with a first rack and a second rack, respectively. The outer wall of the reciprocating ring, located below the half gear, is equipped with a lower pressure plate by bolts. The inner wall of the frame, located inside the mounting frame, has two limiting grooves. A spring rod is installed inside the frame. A sealing plate is fixed at the bottom end of the spring rod, and a baffle is fixed on the side wall of the sealing plate.

[0011] Preferably, the top of the stirring rack and the top cover are rotatably connected, the rotating rod and the mounting bracket are rotatably connected, and the rotating rod is keyway connected to the shaft of the half gear.

[0012] Preferably, the reciprocating ring moves up and down along the vertical direction of the limiting groove via a slide bar adapted to the limiting groove, and the half gear meshes with the first rack and the second rack.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the sealing plate has a sloping structure, the sealing plate and the discharge port are adapted to each other, the upper surface of the lower pressure plate and the lower surface of the baffle are in contact with each other, and the sealing plate moves up and down with the lower pressure plate in the vertical direction of the frame via a spring rod.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a liquid supply mechanism;

[0015] A liquid supply pipe is installed on the right side of the leaching tank, a slot is opened inside the top cover, a discharge pipe is installed at the bottom of the leaching tank, a fixing plate is fixed on the top of the top cover and on one side of the slot, and a third gear is meshed with the right side of the first gear.

[0016] The liquid supply mechanism includes a positioning plate installed at the bottom of the mounting frame. A rotating rod is rotatably connected inside the positioning plate. A reciprocating groove plate is fixed at the left end of the rotating rod. An eccentric plate is connected to the keyway at the center of the third gear shaft. A guide wheel is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the eccentric plate. A reciprocating frame is installed on the right side of the rotating rod. A nozzle is installed at the bottom of the reciprocating frame. A spring tube is sealed at the inlet end of the nozzle. A flexible hose is sealed at the inlet end of the spring tube.

[0017] Preferably, the third gear shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed plate via a bearing, and the outer wall of the guide wheel and the inner wall of the reciprocating groove plate are in contact with each other.

[0018] Preferably, the outlet end of the liquid supply pipe and the inlet end of the hose are sealed together, and the reciprocating frame, the nozzle, and the spring tube are located inside the slot.

[0019] Preferably, a material distribution plate is installed on the right side of the rotating rod and inside the reciprocating frame, and an auxiliary pipe is installed inside the mounting frame and directly above the material distribution plate.

[0020] The process for preparing lithium battery anode materials by leaching solid waste cathode carbon blocks includes the following steps:

[0021] S1: The graphitized waste carbon cathode from aluminum electrolysis is initially crushed using a jaw crusher, ball-milled, and passed through a sieve of a certain mesh size to control the particle size within a certain range after crushing. Then, it is placed in an oven and dried at a certain temperature for a period of time to obtain the raw material for subsequent purification experiments.

[0022] S2: Add the dried cathode carbon blocks to the XFD flotation machine, use Xanthate-type collectors, and control the pulp concentration, stirring speed, aeration rate and particle size distribution during the flotation process for a period of time to obtain rough concentrate. Adjust the pulp of rough concentrate to a certain concentration, increase the rotation speed and aeration rate, and float for a period of time to obtain flotation concentrate.

[0023] S3: Weigh the purified cathode carbon block and a hydrogen chloride solution of a certain concentration, mix them according to a certain solid-liquid ratio, place them in a constant temperature water bath, and react them for a period of time at a certain temperature and a specific stirring speed to remove impurities. After solid-liquid separation, obtain filtrate A and filter residue A. This step needs to be carried out in a leaching tank.

[0024] S4: Mix the filter residue and deionized water in a certain solid-liquid ratio and wash the mixture three times until the wash water is neutral. After washing, place the mixture in an oven and dry it at a certain temperature for a period of time to obtain high-purity carbon blocks.

[0025] S5: The dried high-purity carbon blocks are placed in a tube furnace and calcined at a certain temperature for a period of time under an argon atmosphere to ensure the graphitization of the carbon blocks. After calcination, a negative electrode material suitable for lithium-ion batteries is obtained. In addition, the wastewater generated in the whole process is neutralized and precipitated by adding calcium oxide to recover calcium fluoride, and residual metal ions are recovered by ion exchange.

[0026] Compared with related technologies, the solid waste cathode carbon block leaching equipment and its process for preparing lithium battery anode materials provided by this invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0027] Based on the rotary conveyor of the screw conveyor, a fixed-stroke reciprocating ring is designed to drive the lower pressure plate to rise and fall at a uniform speed to press down the cathode carbon block. Below the lower pressure plate is a continuously rotating screw conveyor. Therefore, when the cathode carbon block above the screw conveyor is under pressure, it will contact the rotating screw edge, ensuring stable and fast conveying and avoiding the formation of screw gaps. Secondly, if there are clumps of cathode carbon blocks, pressure is applied from above. The rotating screw conveyor can break up the clumps of Chinese herbal medicine slices layer by layer, which can avoid over-crushing and eliminate material blockage.

[0028] Eliminate the clumping of cathode carbon blocks to ensure that they can quickly participate in the leaching process in the leaching tank and ensure rapid leaching treatment of the cathode carbon blocks. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 The optimal structural schematic diagram provided for this invention;

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The enlarged structural diagram at point A is shown below;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the connection structure between the pressing mechanism and the rotating rod.

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the pressing mechanism.

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The diagram shows the initial working state of the pressing mechanism.

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the working state of the half-gear rotation control reciprocating ring control pressure plate pressing the cathode carbon block into the screw conveyor.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the leaching tank provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shows the initial working state of the liquid supply mechanism.

[0038] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The diagram shows the reciprocating and rotating working state of the third gear rotation control liquid supply mechanism.

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the process flow for preparing lithium battery anode materials by leaching solid waste cathode carbon blocks according to the present invention.

[0040] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0041] 1. Heating base; 2. Mounting bracket;

[0042] 3. Pressing mechanism; 31. Frame; 32. Mounting frame; 33. Discharge port; 34. Spring rod; 35. Sealing plate; 36. Baffle; 37. Half gear; 38. Reciprocating ring; 39. First rack; 310. Second rack; 311. Pressing plate; 312. Limiting groove.

[0043] 4. Hopper;

[0044] 5. Liquid supply mechanism; 51. Positioning plate; 52. Rotating rod; 53. Reciprocating trough plate; 54. Eccentric plate; 55. Guide wheel; 56. Reciprocating frame; 57. Spray nozzle; 58. Spring tube; 59. Hose; 510. Distributor plate; 511. Auxiliary tube.

[0045] 6. Drive mechanism; 61. Motor; 62. Drive rod; 63. First gear; 64. Second gear; 65. Third gear; 66. Fixing plate;

[0046] 7. Rotating rod;

[0047] 8. Leaching tank; 9. Screw conveyor; 10. Top cover; 11. Liquid supply pipe;

[0048] 12. Groove opening; 13. Discharge pipe; 14. Stirring rack. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] This invention provides a solid waste cathode carbon block leaching device and a process for preparing lithium battery anode materials.

[0051] First embodiment:

[0052] Please see Figures 1 to 6 The solid waste cathode carbon block leaching equipment includes a heating base 1, a leaching tank 8, a drive mechanism 6, and a pressing mechanism 3;

[0053] The leaching tank 8 is equipped with a top cover 10, and a mounting frame 2 is installed on the top cover 10. The drive mechanism 6 includes a motor 61 installed on the top of the mounting frame 2. The output shaft of the motor 61 is connected to a drive rod 62 via a keyway. A stirring frame 14 is fixed at the bottom of the drive rod 62 and inside the leaching tank 8. A first gear 63 is connected to the outer wall of the drive rod 62 via a keyway. A second gear 64 is meshed with the left side of the first gear 63. A rotating rod 7 is connected to the shaft of the second gear 64 via a keyway. A screw conveyor 9 is installed on the left side of the leaching tank 8.

[0054] The pressing mechanism 3 includes a frame 31 fixed to the upper surface of the screw conveyor 9. An installation frame 32 is installed on the inner wall of the frame 31. A hopper 4 is fixed on the side wall of the frame 31. A discharge port 33 is opened on the inner wall of the frame 31 below the installation frame 32.

[0055] The mounting frame 32 is equipped with a half gear 37 and a reciprocating ring 38. The inner wall of the reciprocating ring 38 is respectively fixed with a first rack 39 and a second rack 310. The outer wall of the reciprocating ring 38, located below the half gear 37, is bolted with a lower pressure plate 311. The inner wall of the frame 31, located inside the mounting frame 32, has two limiting grooves 312. The frame 31 is equipped with a spring rod 34. The bottom end of the spring rod 34 is fixed with a sealing plate 35. The side wall of the sealing plate 35 is fixed with a baffle 36.

[0056] The top of the stirring rack 14 is rotatably connected to the top cover 10 at the axial center, the rotating rod 7 is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket 2, and the rotating rod 7 is connected to the keyway at the axial center of the half gear 37.

[0057] The reciprocating ring 38 moves up and down along the vertical direction of the limiting groove 312 via a slide bar adapted to the limiting groove 312, and the half gear 37 meshes with the first rack 39 and the second rack 310.

[0058] The bottom of the sealing plate 35 is sloping. The sealing plate 35 and the discharge port 33 are adapted to each other. The upper surface of the lower pressure plate 311 and the lower surface of the baffle 36 are in contact with each other. The sealing plate 35 moves up and down with the lower pressure plate 311 in the vertical direction of the frame 31 via the spring rod 34.

[0059] Please see Figures 1 to 3 The motor 61 starts and controls the drive rod 62 to rotate. When the drive rod 62 rotates, it drives the first gear 63 and the stirring frame 14 to rotate. The rotation of the stirring frame 14 can rotate and stir the cathode carbon block and hydrogen chloride solution in the leaching tank 8 for leaching.

[0060] When the first gear 63 rotates, it simultaneously meshes with the second gear 64 and the third gear 65 to rotate, and the rotation of the second gear 64 drives the rotating rod 7 to rotate.

[0061] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 When feeding the cathode carbon block, it needs to be fed into the hopper 4 and fall into the frame 31 through the discharge port 33.

[0062] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6 When the rotating rod 7 rotates counterclockwise, it will synchronously drive the half gear 37 to rotate counterclockwise. The half gear 37 will first drive the tooth surface to mesh and rotate, controlling the first rack 39 to drive the reciprocating ring 38 to synchronously control the lower pressure plate 311 to descend, squeezing the cathode carbon block at the bottom of the frame 31 downwards and close to the rotating screw conveyor 9. When the tooth surface of the half gear 37 rotates to the second rack 310, it will mesh and control the second rack 310 to control the reciprocating ring 38 to synchronously drive the lower pressure plate 311 to rise to the initial working state. In this way, the lower pressure plate 311 can be raised and lowered by the reciprocating movement of the reciprocating ring 38 to press the lowered cathode carbon block close to the rotating screw conveyor 9.

[0063] Understandable: From Figure 4 and Figure 5 As can be seen, since all components such as the half gear 37 are installed inside the mounting frame 32, the transmission components can be well protected.

[0064] The reciprocating ring 38 slides within the limiting groove 312 via a "T"-shaped slider, which ensures more stable and smooth lifting and lowering of the reciprocating ring 38 and also prevents derailment.

[0065] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6 Since the baffle 36 is always above the lower pressure plate 311, the baffle 36 moves along with the lower pressure plate 311 during the lifting and lowering process. When the lower pressure plate 311 rises, it will drive the baffle 36 to control the sealing plate 35 to rise and open the discharge port 33. Therefore, when the lower pressure plate 311 rises, the cathode carbon block can be smoothly lowered into the screw conveyor 9.

[0066] As the pressure plate 311 presses down, it will simultaneously drive the baffle 36 to lower the sealing plate 35 to block the discharge port 33, thus isolating the cathode carbon block inside the hopper 4.

[0067] Since the sealing plate 35 and the frame 31 are connected by a spring rod 34, the sealing plate 35 can be raised and lowered stably.

[0068] By synchronizing the pressing and feeding, material is only fed during the rising of the pressing plate 311, and blocked during the falling process. This feeding method allows for quantitative feeding. Subsequent feeding can only proceed after all the Chinese herbal medicine pieces inside the frame 31 have been pressed down. Therefore, this design further ensures the smoothness of feeding and avoids material blockage. Even if material blockage occurs, it will never occur at the screw conveyor 9; the blockage will only exist in the hopper 4. This also makes it convenient for users to troubleshoot and repair material blockage.

[0069] This embodiment:

[0070] Compared to the traditional direct conveying by the screw conveyor 9, this design incorporates a fixed-stroke reciprocating ring 38 on the basis of the rotating conveyor 9 to drive the lower pressure plate 311 to rise and fall at a uniform speed, pressing down the cathode carbon block. Below the lower pressure plate 311 is the continuously rotating screw conveyor 9. Therefore, when the cathode carbon block above the screw conveyor 9 is under pressure, it will contact the rotating screw edge, ensuring stable and rapid conveying and avoiding the formation of screw gaps. Secondly, if there are agglomerated cathode carbon blocks, pressure is applied from above. The rotating screw conveyor 9 can break up the agglomerated Chinese medicine slices layer by layer, which can avoid over-crushing and eliminate material blockage and jamming.

[0071] Eliminate the clumping of cathode carbon blocks to ensure that the cathode carbon blocks can quickly participate in the leaching process in leaching tank 8 and ensure rapid leaching treatment of cathode carbon blocks.

[0072] This leaching method transforms hazardous solid waste carbon cathodes from the aluminum electrolysis industry into lithium battery anode materials through leaching purification, achieving the triple goals of harmlessness, resource utilization, and high value of hazardous solid waste. At the same time, it aligns with the requirements of dual carbon and industrial synergy development, alleviates the raw material resource pressure on the lithium battery anode material industry, and realizes the circular economy goal of replacing primary resources with solid waste resources.

[0073] Second embodiment:

[0074] Please see Figure 7 and Figure 9 It also includes a liquid supply mechanism 5;

[0075] A liquid supply pipe 11 is installed on the right side of the leaching tank 8, a slot 12 is opened inside the top cover 10, a discharge pipe 13 is installed at the bottom of the leaching tank 8, a fixing plate 66 is fixed on the top of the top cover 10 and on one side of the slot 12, and a third gear 65 is meshed with the right side of the first gear 63.

[0076] The liquid supply mechanism 5 includes a positioning plate 51 installed at the bottom of the mounting frame 2. A rotating rod 52 is rotatably connected inside the positioning plate 51. A reciprocating groove plate 53 is fixed at the left end of the rotating rod 52. An eccentric plate 54 is connected to the shaft of the third gear 65 via a keyway. A guide wheel 55 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the eccentric plate 54. A reciprocating frame 56 is installed on the right side of the rotating rod 52. A nozzle 57 is installed at the bottom of the reciprocating frame 56. A spring tube 58 is sealed at the inlet end of the nozzle 57. A flexible hose 59 is sealed at the inlet end of the spring tube 58.

[0077] The third gear 65 is rotatably connected to the fixed plate 66 at its shaft center via a bearing, and the outer wall of the guide wheel 55 and the inner wall of the reciprocating groove plate 53 are in contact with each other.

[0078] The outlet end of the liquid supply pipe 11 and the inlet end of the hose 59 are sealed together, and the reciprocating frame 56, the nozzle 57 and the spring tube 58 are located inside the slot 12.

[0079] Please see Figures 7 to 9 In the first embodiment, the third gear 65 rotates and drives the eccentric plate 54 to rotate eccentrically on the fixed plate 66. When the eccentric plate 54 rotates, it drives the guide wheel 55 to be forcefully controlled to reciprocate the groove plate 53. Through the continuous eccentric rotation of the guide wheel 55, the reciprocating groove plate 53 is adaptively moved in the groove of the reciprocating groove plate 53. Thus, the reciprocating groove plate 53 controls the rotating rod 52 to reciprocate back and forth about the vertical direction of the positioning plate 51. During the flipping process, the reciprocating frame 56 is simultaneously driven to reciprocate back and forth, and finally the nozzle 57 is reciprocated along the vertical direction to spray hydrogen chloride solution into the leaching tank 8.

[0080] When the reciprocating frame 56 flips, the spring tube 58 will extend adaptively to ensure that the hydrogen chloride solution in the supply tube 11 can be smoothly injected into the spring tube 58 through the hose 59 and sprayed out through the nozzle 57. When the reciprocating frame 56 resets, the spring tube 58 can automatically reset to the initial state.

[0081] This embodiment:

[0082] The fan-shaped spraying range formed by the vertically flipping nozzle 57 can expand the wettability of the cathode carbon block in the leaching tank 8, which can accelerate the leaching efficiency. At the same time, the flipping design can evenly spray the hydrogen chloride solution onto the cathode carbon block. Compared with the ordinary feeding method, the fan-shaped spraying can increase the contact area between the hydrogen chloride solution and the cathode carbon block, and accelerate the leaching reaction of the lithium battery anode material.

[0083] High-purity graphitized carbon material is obtained by efficiently removing impurities such as fluorides and oxides from cathode carbon blocks through acid leaching. This material can then be directly used in the preparation of lithium-ion battery anode materials, realizing the resource utilization of hazardous waste. The process is simple, low-cost, and produces zero wastewater discharge, providing a new approach for the resource utilization of hazardous waste.

[0084] Third embodiment:

[0085] Please see Figures 7 to 9 A material distribution plate 510 is installed on the right side of the rotating rod 52 and inside the reciprocating frame 56, and an auxiliary pipe 511 is installed inside the mounting frame 2 and directly above the material distribution plate 510.

[0086] Please see Figure 8 and Figure 9 In the second embodiment, when the rotating rod 52 controls the reciprocating frame 56 to reciprocate and rotate, the rotating rod 52 will synchronously drive the material distribution plate 510 to rotate left and right.

[0087] Combining the working processes of the first and second embodiments again, the screw conveyor 9 can preferentially select block-shaped cathode carbon blocks for conveying. When it comes to granular or powdered cathode carbon blocks, the user can avoid using the screw conveyor 9 and instead select the auxiliary pipe 511 for conveying. When conveying cathode carbon blocks from the auxiliary pipe 511, the cathode carbon blocks can fall directly onto the distribution plate 510 to achieve the conveying of granular or powdered cathode carbon blocks.

[0088] This embodiment:

[0089] When the nozzle 57 flips to the left, the distribution plate 510 will tilt to the right, and when the nozzle 57 flips to the right, the distribution plate 510 will tilt to the left. This design avoids the hydrogen chloride solution from directly contacting the leaching process during the material distribution process. Instead, the material distribution and hydrogen chloride solution injection are separated and leached in the leaching tank 8. This ensures the working stability of the leaching process and further avoids the phenomenon of dust from the cathode carbon block.

[0090] Furthermore, the design of the auxiliary pipe 511 and the distribution plate 510 can transport cathode carbon blocks in different states, especially suitable for transporting powdered or granular cathode carbon blocks. At the same time, it can control the cathode carbon blocks that are easy to leach to be leached first, thereby further improving the leaching efficiency.

[0091] The process for preparing lithium battery anode materials by leaching solid waste cathode carbon blocks includes the following steps:

[0092] S1: The graphitized waste carbon cathode from aluminum electrolysis is initially crushed using a jaw crusher, ball-milled, and passed through a sieve of a certain mesh size to control the particle size within a certain range after crushing. Then, it is placed in an oven and dried at a certain temperature for a period of time to obtain the raw material for subsequent purification experiments.

[0093] S2: Add the dried cathode carbon blocks to the XFD flotation machine, use Xanthate-type collectors, and control the pulp concentration, stirring speed, aeration rate and particle size distribution during the flotation process for a period of time to obtain rough concentrate. Adjust the pulp of rough concentrate to a certain concentration, increase the rotation speed and aeration rate, and float for a period of time to obtain flotation concentrate.

[0094] S3: Weigh the purified cathode carbon block and a certain concentration of hydrogen chloride solution, mix them according to a certain solid-liquid ratio, place them in a constant temperature water bath, and react them for a period of time at a certain temperature and a specific stirring speed to remove impurities. After solid-liquid separation, obtain filtrate A and filter residue A. This step needs to be carried out in leaching tank 8.

[0095] S4: Mix the filter residue and deionized water in a certain solid-liquid ratio and wash the mixture three times until the wash water is neutral. After washing, place the mixture in an oven and dry it at a certain temperature for a period of time to obtain high-purity carbon blocks.

[0096] S5: The dried high-purity carbon blocks are placed in a tube furnace and calcined at a certain temperature for a period of time under an argon atmosphere to ensure the graphitization of the carbon blocks. After calcination, a negative electrode material suitable for lithium-ion batteries is obtained. In addition, the wastewater generated in the whole process is neutralized and precipitated by adding calcium oxide to recover calcium fluoride, and residual metal ions are recovered by ion exchange.

[0097] Please refer to the reference again. Figures 1 to 10 The working principle of the solid waste cathode carbon block leaching equipment and the process for preparing lithium battery anode materials provided by this invention is as follows:

[0098] Step S1: Start the motor 61 to control the drive rod 62 to rotate. When the drive rod 62 rotates, it drives the first gear 63 and the stirring frame 14 to rotate. When the stirring frame 14 rotates, it can rotate and stir the cathode carbon block and hydrogen chloride solution in the leaching tank 8 for leaching. When the first gear 63 rotates, it simultaneously meshes with the second gear 64 and the third gear 65 to rotate. The rotation of the second gear 64 drives the rotating rod 7 to rotate.

[0099] When the cathode carbon block is fed, it needs to be fed into the hopper 4 and fall into the frame 31 through the discharge port 33. When the rotating rod 7 rotates counterclockwise, it will drive the half gear 37 to rotate counterclockwise. The half gear 37 will first drive the tooth surface to mesh and rotate, controlling the first rack 39 to drive the reciprocating ring 38 to simultaneously control the lower pressure plate 311 to descend, squeezing the cathode carbon block at the bottom of the frame 31 downwards and close to the rotating screw conveyor 9. When the tooth surface of the half gear 37 rotates to the second rack 310, it will mesh and control the second rack 310 to control the reciprocating ring 38 to simultaneously drive the lower pressure plate 311 to rise to the initial working state. In this way, the lower pressure plate 311 can be raised and lowered by the reciprocating movement of the reciprocating ring 38 to press the fed cathode carbon block close to the rotating screw conveyor 9. The screw conveyor 9 transports the cathode carbon block into the leaching tank 8.

[0100] Step S2: The rotation of the third gear 65 drives the eccentric plate 54 to rotate eccentrically on the fixed plate 66. When the eccentric plate 54 rotates, it drives the guide wheel 55 to be forcefully controlled by the reciprocating groove plate 53. Through the continuous eccentric rotation of the guide wheel 55, the reciprocating groove plate 53 is adaptively moved in the groove of the reciprocating groove plate 53. Thus, the reciprocating groove plate 53 controls the rotating rod 52 to reciprocate and flip back and forth in the vertical direction about the positioning plate 51. During the flipping process, the reciprocating frame 56 is simultaneously driven to reciprocate and flip, and finally the nozzle 57 is flipped back and forth in the vertical direction to spray hydrogen chloride solution and acid leaching of cathode carbon blocks into the leaching tank 8.

[0101] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made under the concept of the present invention using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid waste cathode carbon block leaching device, characterized in that, Includes a heating base, leaching tank, drive mechanism, and pressing mechanism; The leaching tank is equipped with a top cover, and a mounting frame is installed on the top of the top cover. The drive mechanism includes a motor installed on the top of the mounting frame. The output shaft of the motor is connected to a drive rod via a keyway. A stirring frame is fixed at the bottom of the drive rod and inside the leaching tank. A first gear is connected to the keyway on the outer wall of the drive rod. A second gear is meshed with the left side of the first gear. A rotating rod is connected to the keyway at the shaft of the second gear. A screw conveyor is installed on the left side of the leaching tank. The pressing mechanism includes a frame fixed to the upper surface of the screw conveyor, an installation frame installed on the inner wall of the frame, a hopper fixed on the side wall of the frame, and a discharge port opened on the inner wall of the frame below the installation frame. The mounting frame is equipped with a half gear and a reciprocating ring. The inner wall of the reciprocating ring is fixed with a first rack and a second rack, respectively. The outer wall of the reciprocating ring, located below the half gear, is equipped with a lower pressure plate by bolts. The inner wall of the frame, located inside the mounting frame, has two limiting grooves. A spring rod is installed inside the frame. A sealing plate is fixed at the bottom end of the spring rod, and a baffle is fixed on the side wall of the sealing plate.

2. The solid waste cathode carbon block leaching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the stirring rack and the top cover are rotatably connected at the shaft center, the rotating rod and the mounting bracket are rotatably connected, and the rotating rod is keyway connected to the shaft center of the half gear.

3. The solid waste cathode carbon block leaching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reciprocating ring moves up and down along the vertical direction of the limiting groove via a slide bar that is adapted to the limiting groove, and the half gear meshes with the first rack and the second rack.

4. The solid waste cathode carbon block leaching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the sealing plate has a sloping structure. The sealing plate and the discharge port are adapted to each other. The upper surface of the lower pressure plate and the lower surface of the baffle are in contact with each other. The sealing plate moves up and down with the lower pressure plate in the vertical direction of the frame via a spring rod.

5. The solid waste cathode carbon block leaching equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a liquid supply mechanism; A liquid supply pipe is installed on the right side of the leaching tank, a slot is opened inside the top cover, a discharge pipe is installed at the bottom of the leaching tank, a fixing plate is fixed on the top of the top cover and on one side of the slot, and a third gear is meshed with the right side of the first gear. The liquid supply mechanism includes a positioning plate installed at the bottom of the mounting frame. A rotating rod is rotatably connected inside the positioning plate. A reciprocating groove plate is fixed at the left end of the rotating rod. An eccentric plate is connected to the keyway at the center of the third gear shaft. A guide wheel is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the eccentric plate. A reciprocating frame is installed on the right side of the rotating rod. A nozzle is installed at the bottom of the reciprocating frame. A spring tube is sealed at the inlet end of the nozzle. A flexible hose is sealed at the inlet end of the spring tube.

6. The solid waste cathode carbon block leaching equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The third gear shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed plate via a bearing, and the outer wall of the guide wheel and the inner wall of the reciprocating groove plate are in contact with each other.

7. The solid waste cathode carbon block leaching equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outlet end of the liquid supply pipe and the inlet end of the hose are sealed together, and the reciprocating frame, nozzle and spring tube are located inside the slot.

8. The solid waste cathode carbon block leaching equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, A material distribution plate is installed on the right side of the rotating rod and inside the reciprocating frame, and an auxiliary pipe is installed inside the mounting frame and directly above the material distribution plate.

9. A process for preparing lithium battery anode materials by leaching solid waste cathode carbon blocks, characterized in that, The process for preparing lithium battery anode materials by leaching solid waste cathode carbon blocks includes the solid waste cathode carbon block leaching equipment as described in any one of claims 1-8, and includes the following steps: S1: The graphitized waste carbon cathode from aluminum electrolysis is initially crushed using a jaw crusher, ball-milled, and passed through a sieve of a certain mesh size to control the particle size within a certain range after crushing. Then, it is placed in an oven and dried at a certain temperature for a period of time to obtain the raw material for subsequent purification experiments. S2: Add the dried cathode carbon blocks to the XFD flotation machine, use Xanthate-type collectors, and control the pulp concentration, stirring speed, aeration rate and particle size distribution during the flotation process for a period of time to obtain rough concentrate. Adjust the pulp of rough concentrate to a certain concentration, increase the rotation speed and aeration rate, and float for a period of time to obtain flotation concentrate. S3: Weigh the purified cathode carbon block and a hydrogen chloride solution of a certain concentration, mix them according to a certain solid-liquid ratio, place them in a constant temperature water bath, and react them for a period of time at a certain temperature and a specific stirring speed to remove impurities. After solid-liquid separation, obtain filtrate A and filter residue A. This step needs to be carried out in a leaching tank. S4: Mix the filter residue and deionized water in a certain solid-liquid ratio and wash the mixture three times until the wash water is neutral. After washing, place the mixture in an oven and dry it at a certain temperature for a period of time to obtain high-purity carbon blocks. S5: The dried high-purity carbon blocks are placed in a tube furnace and calcined at a certain temperature for a period of time under an argon atmosphere to ensure the graphitization of the carbon blocks. After calcination, a negative electrode material suitable for lithium-ion batteries is obtained. In addition, the wastewater generated in the whole process is neutralized and precipitated by adding calcium oxide to recover calcium fluoride, and residual metal ions are recovered by ion exchange.

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