Antibacterial bamboo-mesh composite fiber, preparation method thereof and application thereof in home textile fabric

Abstract

This invention relates to antibacterial bamboo-linen composite fiber, its preparation method, and its application in home textile fabrics, belonging to the field of textile technology. This composite fiber uses 50-70% bamboo pulp fiber and 25-40% natural flax fiber as core raw materials, blended with 5-10% high-performance synthetic fibers. It is manufactured through raw material pretreatment, bio-enzyme refining, physical and mechanical fluffing, blending and interweaving, and finishing. The inherent antibacterial properties of bamboo pulp fiber and flax fiber are combined, requiring no chemical antibacterial agents, making it skin-friendly and environmentally friendly. The synthetic fibers specifically compensate for the shortcomings of natural fibers, improving the fabric's abrasion resistance, wrinkle resistance, and shape stability. The preparation process employs environmentally friendly processes such as bio-enzyme refining and physical fluffing, leaving no chemical residues, and the process is mature and easily industrialized. After environmentally friendly printing and dyeing, this composite fiber can be widely used in bedding, summer quilts, curtains, and other home textile products, balancing health, practicality, and aesthetics to meet the demands of the high-end home textile market.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of textile technology, and in particular to antibacterial bamboo-linen composite fiber, its preparation method, and its application in home textile fabrics. Background Technology

[0002] As people's living standards improve, their demands for the health, comfort, and environmental friendliness of home textile fabrics are increasing. Natural plant fibers, due to their green, environmentally friendly, and skin-friendly properties, have become the preferred raw materials for home textile fabrics. Bamboo pulp fiber has the advantages of natural antibacterial properties, moisture absorption and breathability, and softness and silkiness. However, pure bamboo pulp fiber fabrics suffer from excessive softness and poor shape stability. Flax fiber is known as a natural "air-conditioning fiber" with excellent antibacterial, breathable, and abrasion-resistant properties. However, pure flax fiber fabrics have a rough and stiff feel, can be itchy, and are prone to wrinkling and difficult to finish, limiting their application in high-end intimate apparel home textile products.

[0003] In existing technologies, bamboo-linen composite fibers are mostly combinations of pure natural plant fibers. Even when synthetic fibers are added in small amounts, the blending is simple and lacks specific raw material matching and process adjustments based on the characteristics of synthetic fibers. This easily leads to damage to the core properties of natural fibers, such as antibacterial and skin-friendly properties. Furthermore, the poor bonding between synthetic and natural fibers results in fabrics prone to pilling and delamination. Simultaneously, existing processes still involve the addition of chemical antibacterial agents and the use of strong alkali refining, failing to balance the health benefits of natural fibers with the performance advantages of synthetic fibers, thus making it difficult to meet the dual demands of the high-end home textile market for "natural + high performance."

[0004] Therefore, developing a high-performance composite synthetic fiber that retains the core advantages of natural bamboo and hemp fiber, while achieving complementary properties between natural and synthetic fibers through process optimization, as well as a green, environmentally friendly, and technologically mature preparation method, has become a current research focus in the home textile fiber field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing antibacterial bamboo-hemp composite fibers, their preparation methods, and their application in home textile fabrics.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention provides antibacterial bamboo-linen composite fiber, which uses bamboo pulp fiber and natural flax fiber as core raw materials, and blends high-performance synthetic fiber as functional modified fiber. It is made by raw material processing, bio-enzyme refining, physical and mechanical fluffing, blending and weaving, and finishing. By mass percentage, bamboo pulp fiber accounts for 50-70% of the total mass of the composite fiber, natural flax fiber accounts for 25-40% of the total mass of the composite fiber, and high-performance synthetic fiber accounts for 5-10% of the total mass of the composite fiber.

[0008] Preferably, the bamboo pulp fiber is selected from bamboo pulp lyocell fiber and bamboo pulp viscose fiber. The high strength, luster and drape of bamboo pulp lyocell fiber, and the soft and smooth properties of bamboo pulp viscose fiber complement the antibacterial, moisture-absorbing and heat-dissipating properties of natural flax fiber. The high-performance synthetic fiber is selected from one or more of nylon, polyester, spandex and aramid. Nylon improves the fabric's abrasion resistance, polyester enhances wrinkle resistance and shape stability, spandex adds elasticity, and aramid can further improve the fabric's mechanical strength. The blending can be flexibly combined according to the application requirements of home textile products.

[0009] Preferably, the blended interweaving adopts plain weave, with the warp yarn being a blend of bamboo pulp lyocell fiber and some high-performance synthetic fibers, and the weft yarn being a blend of bamboo pulp viscose fiber, natural flax fiber and the remaining high-performance synthetic fibers. Through the differentiated design of the warp and weft yarns, the drape, abrasion resistance and skin-friendliness of the fabric are taken into account. The blending process ensures the bonding force between fibers by precisely controlling the linear density and twist of the blended yarn, and avoids problems such as breakage and pilling during the weaving process.

[0010] The preparation method of antibacterial bamboo-hemp composite fiber includes the following steps:

[0011] S1. Raw material pretreatment:

[0012] Natural fibers: Bamboo pulp fibers are fed into an opening machine to open and remove impurities, removing clumps and impurities from the fibers. Natural flax fibers are cut into fiber segments of 30-50mm in length. After opening, impurities such as lignin and pectin are removed. The fibers are then dried in a 90-100℃ hot air oven to a moisture content of 8-12% to ensure the stability of subsequent processes.

[0013] Synthetic fibers: Immerse high-performance synthetic fibers in room temperature water at a bath ratio of 1:15-20, add non-ionic degreasing agent, heat to 40-50℃, stir to remove oil for 25-35 minutes, rinse with room temperature water 2-3 times, 6-10 minutes each time, centrifuge to dehydrate at 600-1000 r / min for 4-6 minutes, and then dry in a 90-100℃ hot air oven until the moisture content is ≤8% to improve its compatibility and bonding strength with bamboo and hemp natural fibers;

[0014] S2. Bio-enzyme refining:

[0015] Bamboo pulp lyocell fibers are immersed in a compound bio-enzyme solution at a liquor ratio of 1:10-15, heated to 45-55℃, and kept at this temperature for 1.5-2.5 hours. This allows the compound bio-enzymes to fully and gently decompose trace amounts of gum, hemicellulose, and oily impurities on the fiber surface without damaging the fiber structure. The fibers are then removed, sealed, and piled for 12-20 hours to complete the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction. The fibers are then washed with deionized water until neutral, centrifuged at 600-1000 rpm for 4-6 minutes, and finally dried in a 50-60℃ hot air oven until the moisture content is ≤10%.

[0016] Bamboo pulp viscose fiber is immersed in a composite bio-enzyme solution at a liquor ratio of 1:10-15, heated to 45-55℃, and kept at a constant temperature for 1.5-2.5 hours. This allows the composite bio-enzyme to fully and gently decompose trace amounts of gum, hemicellulose, and oily impurities on the fiber surface without damaging the fiber structure. The fiber is then removed, sealed, and piled for 12-20 hours to complete the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction. The fiber is then washed with deionized water until neutral, centrifuged at 600-1000 r / min for 4-6 minutes, and finally dried in a 50-60℃ hot air oven until the moisture content is ≤10%.

[0017] Natural flax fibers are immersed in a compound bio-enzyme solution at a liquor ratio of 1:10-15, heated to 45-55℃, and soaked at this temperature for 1.5-2.5 hours. This allows the compound bio-enzymes to fully and gently decompose trace amounts of gum, hemicellulose, and oily impurities on the fiber surface without damaging the fiber structure. The fibers are then removed, sealed, and piled for 12-20 hours to complete the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction. The fibers are then washed with deionized water until neutral, centrifuged at 600-1000 rpm for 4-6 minutes, and finally dried in a 50-60℃ hot air oven until the moisture content is ≤10%.

[0018] S3. Physical and mechanical fluffiness:

[0019] One-time fluffing: The three types of refined natural fibers are fed into a mechanical fluffing machine and processed by a combination of mechanical kneading and airflow fluffing to create uniform micro-gaps between the fibers. This eliminates chemical softeners and improves the softness of the natural fibers through physical means.

[0020] Secondary light fluffing: The pretreated high-performance synthetic fibers are initially mixed with fluffed natural fibers and fed into a fluffing machine for secondary light fluffing. The secondary fluffing time is 5-10 minutes, and the speed is reduced to 40-50% of the normal speed to ensure that the natural and synthetic fibers are mixed evenly. At the same time, high-intensity fluffing can be avoided to prevent damage to the structure of synthetic fibers and to prevent the fluffiness of natural fibers from being destroyed.

[0021] S4. Blended interweaving:

[0022] Warp preparation: Pretreated bamboo pulp lyocell fibers are mixed with 3-6% high-performance synthetic fibers, and then processed sequentially through opening, carding, drawing, roving, and spinning to produce blended yarn. Opening is done using a single-axis flow opener at 500-700 rpm for 4-6 minutes to ensure full fiber dispersion without clumping. Carding is done using a carding machine with a cylinder speed of 200-400 rpm and a doffer speed of 15-25 rpm, producing a web with a basis weight of 18-22 g / m². Drawing is done using... The sliver forming machine uses a first-pass drawing machine with 7-9 strands drawn together, and a second-pass drawing machine with 5-7 strands drawn together. The sliver output speed is 200-300 m / min, and the evenness (CV) value is ≤3%. Roving is done on a roving machine with a twist of 50-60 twists / 10cm, a spindle speed of 800-1000 r / min, and a roving linear density of 400-500 tex. Spinning is done on a ring spinning machine with a twist of 90-100 twists / 10cm, a spindle speed of 10000-12000 r / min, producing 14S-18s warp yarn with a linear density deviation of ≤±2%.

[0023] Weft yarn preparation: Pretreated bamboo pulp viscose fiber, natural flax fiber, and 2-4% high-performance synthetic fiber are mixed in a mass ratio of 3:6:1. The mixture is then processed through opening, carding, drawing, roving, and spinning to produce blended yarn. Opening is done using a single-axis flow opener at a speed of 500-700 r / min for 4-6 min to ensure that the fibers are fully dispersed and free of clumps. Carding is done using a carding machine with a flat topcoat at a cylinder speed of 200-400 r / min and a doffer speed of 15-25 r / min, resulting in a web weight of 18-22 g / m². 2. Drawing is done using a drawing frame, with 7-9 strands drawn together in the first draw and 5-7 strands drawn together in the second draw. The sliver output speed is 200-300 m / min, and the evenness (CV) value is ≤3%. Roving is done using a roving frame, with a twist of 50-60 twists / 10cm, a spindle speed of 800-1000 r / min, and a roving linear density of 400-500 tex. Spinning is done using a ring spinning frame, with a twist of 90-100 twists / 10cm, a spindle speed of 10000-12000 r / min, producing 20S-22S weft yarn with a linear density deviation of ≤±2%.

[0024] The fabric is woven using a jet loom with a plain weave interlacing process. The warp yarns are threaded through 26-30 threads per reed, the weft yarns are fed at a speed of 1000-1200 m / min, the weaving speed is 200-400 r / min, the warp density is 200-240 threads / 10cm, and the weft density is 180-220 threads / 10cm, resulting in a plain weave fabric with a width of 140-180cm.

[0025] S5. Final finishing and shaping:

[0026] The greige fabric is fed into a tenter frame for pre-stretching to eliminate internal stress generated during weaving. Then, it undergoes a setting process, with the setting temperature adjusted flexibly according to the type of synthetic fiber to avoid damaging its properties. When the synthetic fibers are polyester, nylon, or aramid, the setting temperature is controlled at 120-140℃ for 3-5 minutes to stabilize the composite fiber structure and improve wrinkle resistance and shape retention. When the synthetic fiber contains spandex, the setting temperature is reduced to 100-120℃ for 3-5 minutes to prevent high temperatures from damaging the elasticity and resilience of the spandex, thus ensuring the fabric's elasticity advantage. After setting, the fabric is naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain antibacterial bamboo-linen composite fiber.

[0027] Preferably, the nonionic degreasing agent in S1 is JFC-2, and its addition amount is 0.4-0.6% of the dry weight of the high-performance synthetic fiber.

[0028] Preferably, the compound bio-enzyme in S2 comprises pectin esterase, hemicellulase, and lipase, which are compounded in an enzyme activity ratio of 4-6:2-3:1, with pectin esterase activity of 100-2000 U / mL, hemicellulase activity of 100-1000 U / mL, and lipase activity of 20-800 U / mL; the concentration of the compound bio-enzyme solution is 0.5-2.0 g / L.

[0029] The antibacterial bamboo and hemp composite fiber of this invention is made into high-end home textile fabric after printing and dyeing. It can be widely used in the production of bedding sets (sheets, duvet covers, pillowcases), summer quilts, air-conditioning quilts, lightweight blankets for all seasons, towels, home curtains and other home textile products.

[0030] Preferably, the printing process adopts digital disperse heat transfer printing technology, which has no color matching restrictions and can accurately reproduce various patterns such as flowers, landscapes, geometric shapes, and cartoon patterns, achieving gradients and detailed presentation of millions of colors; the printing dye is tightly combined with the fiber, without changing the original feel of the fabric, the printed area and the unprinted area have the same feel, and the dye is compatible with natural and synthetic fibers, with no color fading or bleeding problems.

[0031] Preferably, the dyeing process employs two environmentally friendly processes: reactive dyeing or plant dyeing. Synthetic fibers and natural fibers are dyed simultaneously, using environmentally friendly dyes compatible with bamboo pulp fibers, flax fibers, and synthetic fibers to ensure uniform dyeing and eliminate local color differences. Plant dyeing extracts natural dyes from plant roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits. The dyeing process is gentle, leaves no chemical residues, is skin-friendly and non-irritating, and each product exhibits slight color variations, reflecting the warmth of handmade production. Reactive dyeing uses low-saturation natural color dyes, which have high color fastness, are harmless to the human body, and meet green environmental protection requirements.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] 1. High retention of natural antibacterial properties and excellent health benefits: The composite fiber still contains no chemical antibacterial additives. The antibacterial properties are formed by the combination of the inherent characteristics of bamboo pulp fiber and flax fiber. After being refined by bio-enzymes with precise parameters, the natural antibacterial, skin-friendly, and strength properties of the fiber are retained at a rate of over 98%. The antibacterial effect does not significantly decrease after multiple washes. It can inhibit the growth of mites and reduce the risk of skin discomfort. The blending of synthetic fibers does not affect the skin-friendly and anti-allergic properties of natural fibers. It can be used with confidence by the elderly, children, and people with sensitive skin.

[0034] 2. Combining natural advantages with high performance to address performance shortcomings: While retaining the natural advantages of bamboo and hemp fibers, such as skin-friendly silkiness, temperature and humidity regulation, and breathability, the fabric is further enhanced by blending with nylon, polyester, spandex, and aramid fibers. This achieves targeted improvements in the fabric's abrasion resistance, elasticity, strength, and weather resistance, solving the problems of insufficient elasticity, pilling, and low strength of pure natural bamboo and hemp composite fibers.

[0035] 3. Green, environmentally friendly, and residue-free, with a friendly production process: The natural fibers in the raw materials are 100% renewable plant fibers, and the synthetic fibers are conventional high-performance environmentally friendly fibers. The preparation process uses precise parameter bio-enzyme refining to replace the traditional strong alkali process, and physical fluffiness to replace chemical softening. Printing and dyeing both use environmentally friendly processes, with no large amount of pollutant emissions throughout the process. The finished product has no chemical residues, which meets the national environmental protection policy and the needs of textile industry upgrading.

[0036] 4. High aesthetic appeal and process adaptability: The composite fiber retains the soft luster of bamboo pulp fiber and the natural rough texture of flax fiber. The addition of synthetic fibers and precise bio-enzyme refining do not change the natural aesthetic characteristics of the fabric, which fits the modern home style of wabi-sabi, simplicity and nature, and is suitable for a variety of decoration styles. The preparation process is standardized, with precise and mature parameters. Each process uses conventional textile equipment, without the need for additional equipment, which can easily achieve industrialized mass production. Moreover, the process parameters can be flexibly adjusted according to the type of synthetic fiber. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with existing known technologies. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0038] Example 1: Antibacterial bamboo-linen composite fiber, comprising the following components: 65% bamboo pulp fiber (of which 35% bamboo pulp lyocell fiber and 30% bamboo pulp viscose fiber), 30% natural flax fiber, and 5% high-performance synthetic fiber (2% nylon and 3% polyester).

[0039] The preparation method of antibacterial bamboo-hemp composite fiber includes the following steps:

[0040] S1. Raw material pretreatment:

[0041] Natural fibers: bamboo pulp lyocell fiber and bamboo pulp viscose fiber are opened and impurities are removed separately. Natural flax fiber is cut into segments of about 40mm, opened and impurities are removed, and then dried in a 95℃ hot air oven until the moisture content is about 10%.

[0042] Synthetic fibers: Mix nylon and polyester and put them into room temperature water with a bath ratio of 1:18. Add nonionic degreasing agent JFC-2 at a rate of 0.5% of the dry weight of the synthetic fibers. Heat to 45°C and stir to remove oil for 30 minutes. After degreasing, rinse three times with room temperature water for 8 minutes each time. Centrifuge to remove water (800 r / min for 5 minutes). Then dry in a 95°C hot air oven until the moisture content is ≤8%.

[0043] S2. Bio-enzyme refining:

[0044] Bamboo pulp lyocell fiber, bamboo pulp viscose fiber, and natural flax fiber were respectively immersed in a compound biological enzyme solution with a bath ratio of 1:12 (pectin esterase, hemicellulase, and lipase were compounded at an enzyme activity ratio of 5:2.5:1, with pectin esterase activity of approximately 1000 U / mL, hemicellulase activity of approximately 500 U / mL, and lipase activity of approximately 400 U / mL, and the solution concentration was 1.2 g / L). The solution was heated to 50℃ and kept at a constant temperature for 2 hours. After being removed, the fibers were sealed and piled up for 16 hours to complete the enzymatic hydrolysis. The fibers were washed with deionized water until neutral, centrifuged to remove water (800 r / min for 5 min), and then dried in a 55℃ hot air oven until the moisture content was ≤10%.

[0045] S3. Physical and mechanical fluffiness:

[0046] One-time fluffing: The three refined natural fibers are fed into a mechanical fluffing machine for mechanical kneading and airflow fluffing treatment;

[0047] Secondary light fluffing: The pretreated nylon / polyester synthetic fibers are initially mixed with the fluffed natural fibers and fed into a fluffing machine for secondary light fluffing for 8 minutes, with the speed adjusted to 45% of the normal speed;

[0048] S4. Blended interweaving:

[0049] Warp preparation: Bamboo pulp lyocell fiber is mixed with 3% synthetic fiber (i.e., 1% nylon and 2% polyester), opened by a single-axis flow opener (600 r / min, 5 min), and carded by a carding machine (cylinder speed 300 r / min, doffer speed 20 r / min, web weight 20 g / m²). 2The yarn is produced by combining the following components: a drawing frame (8 yarns in the first pass, 6 yarns in the second pass, sliver speed 250m / min, yarn evenness CV ≤ 2.8%), a roving frame (55 twists / 10cm, spindle speed 900r / min, linear density 450tex), and a ring spinning frame (95 twists / 10cm, spindle speed 11000r / min).

[0050] Weft yarn preparation: Bamboo pulp viscose fiber, natural flax fiber and the remaining 2% synthetic fiber (i.e. 1% nylon and 1% polyester) are mixed and the same opening, carding, drawing, roving and spinning process parameters as the warp yarn are used to make 20S weft yarn;

[0051] Weaving: Plain weave is used on an air-jet loom with 28 warp threads per reed, 1100m / min weft insertion speed, 300r / min weaving speed, 220 warp threads per 10cm, and 200 weft threads per 10cm to produce a plain weave fabric with a width of 160cm.

[0052] S5. Final finishing and shaping:

[0053] The greige fabric is fed into a tenter frame for pre-stretching. Since the synthetic fibers are polyester and nylon, the setting temperature is set to 130℃ and the setting time is 4 minutes. After setting, the fabric is naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain antibacterial bamboo and hemp composite fiber.

[0054] Example 2: Antibacterial bamboo-linen composite fiber, comprising the following components: 60% bamboo pulp fiber (of which 30% bamboo pulp lyocell fiber and 30% bamboo pulp viscose fiber), 30% natural flax fiber, and 10% high-performance synthetic fiber (4% spandex and 6% nylon).

[0055] The preparation method of antibacterial bamboo-hemp composite fiber includes the following steps:

[0056] S1. Raw material pretreatment:

[0057] Natural fibers: bamboo pulp lyocell fiber and bamboo pulp viscose fiber are opened and impurities are removed separately. Natural flax fiber is cut into segments of about 50mm, opened and impurities are removed, and then dried in a 95℃ hot air oven until the moisture content is about 12%.

[0058] Synthetic fibers: Add spandex and nylon to room temperature water with a bath ratio of 1:20, add nonionic degreasing agent JFC-2 at 0.6% of the dry weight of synthetic fibers, heat to 50℃, stir to remove oil for 35 minutes, rinse 3 times with room temperature water for 8 minutes each time, centrifuge to dehydrate (speed 800 r / min, time 6 minutes), and then dry in a 95℃ hot air oven until the moisture content is ≤8%;

[0059] S2. Bio-enzyme refining:

[0060] Bamboo pulp lyocell fiber, bamboo pulp viscose fiber, and natural flax fiber were separately immersed in a compound biological enzyme solution with a bath ratio of 1:15 (pectin esterase, hemicellulase, and lipase were compounded in an enzyme activity ratio of 6:3:1, with pectin esterase activity of approximately 1000 U / mL, hemicellulase activity of approximately 500 U / mL, and lipase activity of approximately 200 U / mL, and the solution concentration was 1.5 g / L). The solution was heated to 50°C and kept at a constant temperature for 2.5 h. After being removed, the solution was sealed and piled up for 20 h to complete the enzymatic hydrolysis. The fibers were washed with deionized water until neutral, centrifuged to remove water (800 r / min for 5 min), and then dried in a 55°C hot air oven until the moisture content was ≤10%.

[0061] S3. Physical and mechanical fluffiness:

[0062] One-time fluffing: The three refined natural fibers are fed into a mechanical fluffing machine for mechanical kneading and airflow fluffing treatment;

[0063] Secondary light fluffing: The pretreated spandex / nylon synthetic fibers are initially mixed with the fluffed natural fibers and fed into a fluffing machine for secondary light fluffing for 10 minutes, with the speed adjusted to 50% of the normal speed;

[0064] S4. Blended interweaving:

[0065] Warp preparation: Bamboo pulp lyocell fiber is mixed with 6% synthetic fiber (2% spandex, 4% nylon), opened by a single-axis flow opener (600 r / min, 5 min), and carded by a carding machine (cylinder speed 300 r / min, doffer speed 20 r / min, web weight 20 g / m²). 2 The yarn is produced by combining the following components: a drawing frame (8 yarns in the first pass, 6 yarns in the second pass, sliver speed 250m / min, yarn evenness CV ≤ 2.8%), a roving frame (twist 55 twists / 10cm, spindle speed 900r / min, linear density 450tex), and a ring spinning frame (twist 95 twists / 10cm, spindle speed 11000r / min).

[0066] Weft yarn preparation: Bamboo pulp viscose fiber, natural flax fiber and the remaining 4% synthetic fiber (i.e., 2% spandex and 2% nylon) are mixed and the same opening, carding, drawing, roving and spinning process parameters as the warp yarn are used to make 22S weft yarn;

[0067] Weaving: Plain weave is used on an air-jet loom with 30 warp threads per reed, a weft insertion speed of 1200m / min, a weaving speed of 400r / min, a warp density of 240 threads / 10cm, and a weft density of 220 threads / 10cm, to produce a plain weave fabric with a width of 180cm.

[0068] S5. Final finishing and shaping:

[0069] The greige fabric is fed into a tenter frame for pre-stretching. Since the synthetic fiber contains spandex, the setting temperature is set to 110℃ and the setting time is 4 minutes. After setting, it is naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain antibacterial bamboo and hemp composite fiber.

[0070] Example 3: Antibacterial bamboo-linen composite fiber, comprising the following components: 70% bamboo pulp fiber (of which 38% is bamboo pulp lyocell fiber and 32% is bamboo pulp viscose fiber), 25% natural flax fiber, and 5% high-performance synthetic fiber (3% aramid and 2% polyester).

[0071] The preparation method of antibacterial bamboo-hemp composite fiber includes the following steps:

[0072] S1. Raw material pretreatment:

[0073] Natural fibers: bamboo pulp lyocell fiber and bamboo pulp viscose fiber are opened and impurities are removed separately. Natural flax fiber is cut into segments of about 30mm, opened and impurities are removed, and then dried in a 95℃ hot air oven until the moisture content is about 8%.

[0074] Synthetic fibers: Aramid and polyester fibers are placed in room temperature water with a bath ratio of 1:15. Nonionic degreasing agent JFC-2, accounting for 0.4% of the dry weight of synthetic fibers, is added. The temperature is raised to 40℃, and the mixture is stirred to remove oil for 25 minutes. After degreasing, the fibers are rinsed three times with room temperature water for 6 minutes each time. The fibers are then centrifuged to remove water (800 r / min for 5 minutes). Finally, the fibers are dried in a 95℃ hot air oven until the moisture content is ≤8%.

[0075] S2. Bio-enzyme refining:

[0076] Bamboo pulp lyocell fiber, bamboo pulp viscose fiber, and natural flax fiber were separately immersed in a compound biological enzyme solution with a bath ratio of 1:10 (pectin esterase, hemicellulase, and lipase were compounded at an enzyme activity ratio of 5:2.5:1, with pectin esterase activity of approximately 1000 U / mL, hemicellulase activity of approximately 500 U / mL, and lipase activity of approximately 200 U / mL, and the solution concentration was 0.8 g / L). The solution was heated to 45℃ and kept at a constant temperature for 1.5 h. After being removed, the solution was sealed and piled up for 12 h to complete the enzymatic hydrolysis. The fibers were washed with deionized water until neutral, centrifuged to remove water (800 r / min for 5 min), and then dried in a 55℃ hot air oven until the moisture content was ≤10%.

[0077] S3. Physical and mechanical fluffiness:

[0078] One-time fluffing: The three refined natural fibers are fed into a mechanical fluffing machine for mechanical kneading and airflow fluffing treatment;

[0079] Secondary light fluffing: The pretreated aramid / polyester synthetic fibers are initially mixed with the fluffed natural fibers and fed into a fluffing machine for secondary light fluffing for 5 minutes, with the speed adjusted to 40% of the normal speed;

[0080] S4. Blended interweaving:

[0081] Warp preparation: Bamboo pulp lyocell fiber is mixed with 3% synthetic fiber (i.e., 2% aramid and 1% polyester), opened by a single-axis flow opener (600 r / min for 5 min), and carded by a carding machine (cylinder speed 300 r / min, doffer speed 20 r / min, web weight 20 g / m²). 2 The yarn is produced by combining the following components: a drawing frame (8 yarns in the first pass, 6 yarns in the second pass, sliver speed 250m / min, yarn evenness CV ≤ 2.8%), a roving frame (55 twists / 10cm, spindle speed 900r / min, linear density 450tex), and a ring spinning frame (95 twists / 10cm, spindle speed 11000r / min).

[0082] Weft yarn preparation: Bamboo pulp viscose fiber, natural flax fiber and the remaining 2% synthetic fiber (i.e. 1% aramid and 1% polyester) are mixed and the same opening, carding, drawing, roving and spinning process parameters as the warp yarn are used to make 20S weft yarn;

[0083] Weaving: Plain weave is used on an air-jet loom with 28 warp threads per reed, 1000m / min weft insertion speed, 200r / min weaving speed, 200 warp threads per 10cm, and 180 weft threads per 10cm to produce a plain weave fabric with a width of 140cm.

[0084] S5. Final finishing and shaping:

[0085] The greige fabric is fed into a tenter frame and pre-stretched. Since the synthetic fibers are aramid and polyester, the setting temperature is set to 135℃ and the setting time is 5 minutes. After setting, it is naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain antibacterial bamboo and hemp composite fiber.

[0086] Comparative Example 1: Based on Example 1, the difference is that there are no synthetic fibers, only pure bamboo and hemp natural fibers, and the raw material ratio is adjusted to 65% bamboo pulp fiber and 35% natural flax fiber, while the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0087] Comparative Example 2: Based on Example 1, the difference is that the bio-enzyme refining step is replaced with a traditional strong alkali refining process: using 8% NaOH solution, treated at 95°C for 90 min, the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0088] Comparative Example 3: Based on Example 1, the difference is that the physical mechanical fluffing step is omitted. After bio-enzymatic refining, the natural fiber is immersed in 2% silicone softener for 30 minutes and then directly mixed with the pretreated synthetic fiber for spinning. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0089] Comparative Example 4: Based on Example 1, the difference is that the proportion of synthetic fibers is increased to 20% (10% polyester and 10% nylon), bamboo pulp fiber is reduced to 50%, flax fiber is reduced to 30%, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0090] Comparative Example 5: Based on Example 1, the difference is that all synthetic fibers were mixed with bamboo pulp Lyocell fibers, and the rest was the same as in Example 1.

[0091] Comparative Example 6: Based on Example 1, the difference is that the shaping temperature is adjusted to 150°C, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0092] Performance testing:

[0093] 1. Inhibition rate (%) (Staphylococcus aureus): Following GB / T 20944.3-2008 standard, the test was conducted using the shaking method. The shaking temperature was controlled at 24±1℃, the shaking frequency was 150 rpm, the weight ratio of the sample to the control sample was 1:100, and the bacterial concentration was approximately 1×10⁻⁶. 5 -5×10 5 The bacterial suspension of Staphylococcus aureus (CFU / mL) was placed in an Erlenmeyer flask and shaken at a specified temperature for 18-24 hours. The viable bacterial concentration in the Erlenmeyer flask before and after shaking was measured, and the inhibition rate was calculated using a formula.

[0094] 2. Antibacterial rate (%) after 50 washes: Referring to the FZ / T 73023-2006 standard, the sample was washed 50 times according to standard, dried, and then subjected to antibacterial test.

[0095] 3. Breaking strength (N): Refer to GB / T 3923.1-2013 standard and use the strip method for testing. Cut a sample with a width of 50mm and a length of ≥300mm, remove the edge yarn to 40mm, and ensure that the yarn at the edge of the sample does not fray. The clamping distance during the test is usually 200mm, the tensile speed is 100mm / min, and the sample is stretched until it breaks. Record the maximum force at the time of breakage, which is the breaking strength, and the unit is Newton (N).

[0096] 4. Pilling (Grade): Refer to GB / T 4802.1-2008 standard and use the circular trajectory method for testing. Fix the sample on a tester equipped with a nylon brush and / or fabric abrasive, and rub the sample against the abrasive in a Liszarou pattern for a certain number of times. After the rubbing is completed, under specified lighting conditions, compare the sample with the standard sample. Visually describe and rate the pilling and fuzzing state of the fabric surface, usually divided into grades 1-5, with grade 5 being the best (almost no pilling) and grade 1 being the worst (severe pilling).

[0097] 5. Dimensional stability (shrinkage rate %): Referring to GB / T 8628-2013 standard, mark reference points at a certain distance (e.g., 250mm×250mm) on the sample. Wash and dry the sample once or multiple times according to the washing and drying procedures applicable to the fabric specified in GB / T 8629 (e.g., select a mild program, hang to dry). After treatment, lay the sample flat to adjust the humidity under standard atmospheric conditions, remeasure the distance between the reference points, and calculate the dimensional change rate in the warp and weft directions, i.e., the shrinkage rate.

[0098] 6. Quick spring recovery angle (degrees): Refer to GB / T 3819-1997 standard and use the recovery angle method for testing. Cut a sample of a specified shape (e.g., 40mm×15mm), fold it in half along the length direction, and apply constant pressure (e.g., 10N) at the crease for a specified time (e.g., 5min). After releasing the pressure, allow the sample to recover freely for a certain period of time (e.g., 15s to measure the quick spring recovery angle; or 5min to measure the slow spring recovery angle). Use a protractor to measure the angle of the sample relative to the opening of the folded wings, which is the crease recovery angle. Test the samples in the meridional and latitudinal directions separately and take the average value.

[0099] 7. Softness: A group of trained evaluators (usually 5 or more) assess the fabric's hand feel under standard conditions (constant temperature and humidity, uniform lighting) using a set of standardized touch actions (such as "pinching, touching, grasping, and looking"). For the single item of "softness," evaluators independently score the sample according to a predetermined scale (e.g., Grade 1 - very stiff, Grade 3 - fairly stiff, Grade 5 - soft, Grade 7 - very soft, Grade 9 - extremely soft). The final result is the average or median of all evaluators' scores.

[0100] 8. Itching: A group of trained evaluators (usually 5 or more) will conduct an evaluation in a standard environment (constant temperature and humidity, uniform lighting). The evaluators will expose the skin on the inside of their forearms, place the fabric sample (usually reversed) against their forearms, and gently press or rub the fabric with their gloved hands using a prescribed pressure. Evaluators will rate the itching sensation against a description of the itching level (e.g., 0 - no itching, 1 - slight itching, 2 - moderate itching, 3 - strong itching, 4 - intense itching, 5 - unbearable itching). The results will be expressed as an average level or a probability of itching.

[0101] Table: Performance tests were conducted on the antibacterial bamboo-hemp composite fibers of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-6.

[0102] Table 1. Results of antibacterial properties, mechanical properties and morphological stability tests

[0103]

[0104] Table 2. Subjective Evaluation Results of Drug Performance

[0105]

[0106] Data Analysis:

[0107] 1. The overall advantages of the embodiments of the present invention:

[0108] The three embodiments of the present invention (1-3) demonstrated excellent and balanced performance in all test items. Specifically, this is reflected in:

[0109] Excellent antibacterial properties: The inhibition rate against Staphylococcus aureus is as high as 98.8-99.5%, and after 50 washes, the inhibition rate still remains at 98.1-98.8%, proving the durability and reliability of its antibacterial performance.

[0110] Improved mechanical properties and durability: The breaking strength (520-580N) is significantly higher than that of pure natural fiber Comparative Example 1 (410N), indicating that the addition of an appropriate amount of synthetic fiber effectively enhances the strength of the fabric. The pilling grade reaches level 4 or 4 / 5, indicating that it has good abrasion resistance and anti-pilling properties.

[0111] Excellent shape stability: It exhibits excellent dimensional stability (shrinkage rate 1.9-2.5%) and rapid recovery angle (255-280 degrees), solving the problems of easy wrinkling and shrinkage of pure natural fabrics.

[0112] High comfort level: Subjective ratings of "excellent" softness and "no" itching demonstrate the success of the bio-enzyme refining and physical fluffing process in preserving the natural skin-friendly properties of the fiber.

[0113] 2. Verification of technical defects in the comparative model:

[0114] By comparing with several comparative examples, the necessity of each technical feature of the present invention has been demonstrated:

[0115] Comparative Example 1 (without synthetic fibers): Although the antibacterial properties were comparable, its breaking strength, dimensional stability, rapid recovery angle and anti-pilling properties were significantly worse than those of Examples 1-3, and it also had a slight itching sensation. This indicates that the lack of synthetic fibers cannot compensate for the shortcomings in the mechanical properties of pure bamboo fiber.

[0116] Comparative Example 2 (Traditional strong alkali refining): Its antibacterial rate and antibacterial rate after washing decreased significantly (85.3% and 70.1%, respectively), and the hand feel was rough. This shows that replacing the strong alkali process with bio-enzyme refining is crucial for protecting the natural antibacterial components and structure of the fiber.

[0117] Comparative Example 3 (Chemical softeners instead of physical bulk): Although most indicators were good, the softness was rated as "slippery (unnatural)," indicating that chemical softeners affect the natural feel of the fabric, while physical bulk is a more environmentally friendly and natural choice.

[0118] Comparative Example 4 (High Proportion of Synthetic Fibers): When the proportion of synthetic fibers increased to 20%, the fabric felt "stiff", the itching sensation was "slight", and the anti-pilling property decreased significantly (2 / 3 level). This indicates that the proportion of synthetic fibers needs to be strictly controlled between 5-10%, as too high a proportion will damage the comfort advantages of natural fibers.

[0119] Comparative Example 5 (uneven distribution of synthetic fibers): Compared with Example 1 (reasonable distribution of synthetic fibers in warp and weft yarns), its breaking strength, dimensional stability and rapid recovery angle all decreased, which verifies the importance of differentiated and balanced distribution of synthetic fibers in warp and weft yarns for improving the overall performance of the fabric.

[0120] Comparative Example 6 (excessive setting temperature): When the setting temperature was increased to 150℃, the fabric's breaking strength decreased and its dimensional stability deteriorated. This indicates that accurately controlling the setting temperature according to the type of synthetic fiber (120-140℃ for polyester / nylon / aramid, 100-120℃ for spandex) is the key to protecting fiber performance.

[0121] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Antibacterial bamboo-hemp composite fiber, characterized in that, Using bamboo pulp fiber and natural flax fiber as core raw materials, and blended with high-performance synthetic fibers as functional modified fibers, it is manufactured through raw material pretreatment, bio-enzyme refining, physical and mechanical fluffing, blending and weaving, and finishing. By mass percentage, bamboo pulp fiber accounts for 50-70% of the total mass of the composite fiber, natural flax fiber accounts for 25-40% of the total mass of the composite fiber, and high-performance synthetic fibers account for 5-10% of the total mass of the composite fiber. The bamboo pulp fiber is selected from bamboo pulp lyocell fiber and bamboo pulp viscose fiber; the high-performance synthetic fiber is selected from one or more of nylon, polyester, spandex, and aramid; the pretreatment of the raw materials uses a non-ionic degreasing agent to degrease the high-performance synthetic fiber; the bio-enzyme refining uses a compound bio-enzyme solution to enzymatically hydrolyze the bamboo pulp fiber and natural flax fiber; the blended interweaving adopts plain weave, the warp yarn is a blended yarn of bamboo pulp lyocell fiber and 3-6% of high-performance synthetic fiber; the weft yarn is a blended yarn of bamboo pulp viscose fiber, natural flax fiber and 2-4% of high-performance synthetic fiber.

2. The antibacterial bamboo-hemp composite fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nonionic degreasing agent is JFC-2, and its addition amount is 0.4-0.6% of the dry weight of the high-performance synthetic fiber.

3. The antibacterial bamboo-hemp composite fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compound bio-enzyme comprises pectin esterase, hemicellulase, and lipase, which are compounded in an enzyme activity ratio of 4-6:2-3:

1. The pectin esterase activity is 100-2000 U / mL, the hemicellulase activity is 100-1000 U / mL, and the lipase activity is 20-800 U / mL. The concentration of the compound bio-enzyme solution is 0.5-2.0 g / L.

4. A method for preparing antibacterial bamboo-fiber composite fiber as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Raw material pretreatment: bamboo pulp fiber and natural flax fiber are opened, impurities are removed, and moisture content is controlled; high-performance synthetic fibers are degreased, cleaned, and dried. S2. Bio-enzyme refining: Bamboo pulp fiber and natural flax fiber are respectively immersed in a compound bio-enzyme solution at a constant temperature, then sealed and piled to complete enzymatic hydrolysis, followed by washing, dehydration and drying; S3. Physical and mechanical fluffing: The refined natural fibers undergo a fluffing treatment; The pretreated synthetic fibers are then mixed with the fluffed natural fibers for a second light fluffing process. S4. Blended interweaving: The pretreated fibers are made into warp and weft yarns respectively, and then woven into greige fabric by air-jet loom; S5. Finishing and setting: The fabric is stretched and set, and the setting temperature is controlled at 100-140℃ according to the type of synthetic fiber. The setting time is 3-5 minutes. After cooling, the fabric is ready.

5. The method for preparing antibacterial bamboo-fiber composite fiber according to claim 4, characterized in that, The soaking conditions described in S2 are: liquor ratio 1:10-15, temperature 45-55℃, and time 1.5-2.5h.

6. The method for preparing antibacterial bamboo-fiber composite fiber according to claim 4, characterized in that, The time for the second light fluffing described in S3 is 5-10 minutes, and the speed is 40-50% of the normal speed of the fluffing machine.

7. The method for preparing antibacterial bamboo-fiber composite fiber according to claim 4, characterized in that, In S5, when the synthetic fiber contains polyester, nylon, or aramid, the setting temperature is 120-140℃; when the synthetic fiber contains spandex, the setting temperature is 100-120℃.

8. The application of the antibacterial bamboo-linen composite fiber according to any one of claims 1-3 in home textile fabrics.

9. The home textile fabric according to claim 8, characterized in that, The home textile fabric is treated with digital disperse heat transfer printing, reactive dyeing, or plant dyeing processes.

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