Railway turnout electric snow removal and hot air drying integrated intelligent operation and maintenance vehicle and control method

Abstract

This invention provides an intelligent maintenance vehicle and control method integrating electric heating snow removal and hot air drying for railway turnouts, relating to the technical field of railway turnout snow removal devices. It includes a trolley body, a steam generation unit, a hot air supply unit, a steam injection and drying integrated unit, a drive unit, a control unit, and a detection unit. The steam generation unit employs a staged induction heating method; water is initially heated by a preheating coil in the water and air supply pipeline before entering the induction heating steam generator to form steam. In the hot air supply unit, cold air absorbs waste heat from the preheating coil in the water and air supply pipeline to generate hot air. In the steam injection and drying integrated unit, steam and hot air are sprayed out separately using a coaxial structure to first melt the ice and snow in the locking grooves and then dry the accumulated water to prevent secondary icing. The detection unit can acquire snow condition data in real time, and the control unit intelligently adjusts the operating parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway turnout snow removal device technology, specifically to an intelligent maintenance vehicle and control method that integrates electric heating snow removal and hot air drying for railway turnouts. Background Technology

[0002] Railway turnouts are crucial equipment for changing tracks for trains, using the left and right movement of the turnout switch rails to switch tracks. During winter snowfall or freezing rain, ice can form in the turnout area, easily causing snow and ice to accumulate between the turnout switch rail and the stock rail, or at the locking points. This affects the movement of the turnout switch rail and its contact with the stock rail. Snow and ice accumulation in the locking grooves can prevent the turnout from switching, thus jeopardizing train safety. Currently, electric heating of the rails is commonly used in China for turnout snow melting. However, because turningout snow melting requires heating a large area, heating only the stock rail coils may not be enough to melt the snow and ice accumulated on the slide plates and locking structures. Furthermore, frequent heating at high temperatures can damage the rails.

[0003] Most common steam generators currently use fuel oil, coal, or electric heating elements to heat water into steam, and this cycle continues, constantly heating steam from cold water. Common resistance heating elements consume a lot of energy, and long-term operation can lead to scale buildup that affects heating efficiency and can also cause tube bursts. Some existing electromagnetic induction heaters heat from the outside in, requiring a lot of material for the electromagnetic coil winding, resulting in poor heat dissipation and affecting heating efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, this invention provides an intelligent maintenance vehicle and control method integrating electric heating snow removal and hot air drying for railway turnouts, to solve the technical problems of existing technologies such as difficulty in removing snow and ice in locked trenches, slow snow and ice removal speed and low efficiency, and secondary icing after snow and ice melting. The device has self-judgment and self-walking capabilities, and automatically adjusts operations based on intelligently sensed snow condition data, realizing one-time rapid melting and immediate drying of snow and ice on turnouts, fundamentally preventing secondary icing and significantly improving operational efficiency.

[0005] This invention provides an intelligent maintenance vehicle integrating electric snow removal and hot air drying for railway turnouts, comprising a trolley body, a steam generation unit, a hot air supply unit, a steam injection drying integrated unit, a drive unit, a control unit, and a detection unit. The steam generation unit converts water flow into steam; the hot air supply unit generates hot air flow; the steam injection drying integrated unit receives the steam and hot air flow and coaxially ejects them to perform snow melting and drying respectively; the drive unit drives the trolley to move on the track; the control unit controls the coordinated operation of each unit; and the detection unit detects snow temperature and snow thickness.

[0006] Furthermore, the drive unit includes a servo motor, a transfer case, and track wheels. The servo motor is mounted on the main body of the trolley, and the output shaft of the servo motor is connected to the transfer case. The transfer case has two output shafts, left and right. A left small pulley and a right small pulley are respectively connected to the left and right output shafts. The left small pulley and the right small pulley are respectively connected to a left large pulley and a right large pulley via belts. The left large pulley and the right large pulley are integrally set with the left and right track wheels.

[0007] Furthermore, the detection unit includes multiple sets of multi-stage telescopic push rods that can extend forward. The ends of the push rods are equipped with snow thickness measuring devices and snow temperature measuring devices. The snow thickness measuring devices and snow temperature measuring devices transmit data to the control unit for calculating snow melting time and controlling vehicle speed.

[0008] Furthermore, the steam generation unit includes a water tank, a water and gas supply pipe, an induction heating steam generator, and a steam storage tank; the water tank provides water; and the steam storage tank is used to store steam from the induction heating steam generator.

[0009] Furthermore, the water and air supply pipe includes an internal water supply pipe, an inner insulation layer, a preheating induction heating coil, an outer shielding insulation layer, and a ventilation duct. The inner insulation layer is located between the internal water supply pipe and the preheating induction heating coil. The preheating induction heating coil heats the internal water supply pipe to raise the water temperature, while the outer ventilation duct introduces cold air to cool the preheating induction heating coil.

[0010] Furthermore, the induction heating steam generator includes a nozzle, a steam generation induction heating coil, and a steam generation chamber; the nozzle is used to atomize water; the steam generation chamber is made of magnetically conductive metal material, and the steam generation induction heating coil surrounds its exterior; the water mist atomized by the nozzle enters the steam generation chamber, and under the efficient induction heating of the chamber wall by the steam generation induction heating coil, it rapidly evaporates into water vapor.

[0011] Furthermore, the hot air supply unit includes a blower, an external air supply pipe, and a water and air supply pipe; the blower provides cold air; the external air supply pipe includes a first air supply pipe and a second air supply pipe; the first air supply pipe inputs the cold air from the blower into the ventilation duct of the water and air supply pipe; the second air supply pipe inputs the gas whose temperature has increased after cooling the preheating induction heating coil into the steam injection drying integrated unit.

[0012] Furthermore, the steam injection drying integrated unit includes a transverse air guiding device and a coaxial composite nozzle; the transverse air guiding device has an inner steam distribution chamber and an outer airflow distribution chamber that are isolated from each other, and is respectively connected to a steam storage tank and a second gas delivery pipe; the coaxial composite nozzle is correspondingly provided with a central steam channel and an annular hot air channel, and is respectively connected to the inner steam distribution chamber and the outer airflow distribution chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, the transverse air guiding device includes a square inner tube and a square outer tube coaxially mounted; the internal cavity of the square inner tube constitutes the inner steam distribution chamber for distributing steam; the square outer tube is sleeved on the outside of the square inner tube, and the two form an annular outer airflow distribution chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, the coaxial composite nozzle is composed of an inner nozzle and an outer spray ring that are coaxially fitted together; the internal channel of the inner nozzle forms the central steam channel, and the annular channel between the inner nozzle and the outer spray ring forms the annular hot air channel.

[0015] This invention also provides a control method for the above-mentioned intelligent maintenance vehicle integrating electric heating snow removal and hot air drying for railway turnouts, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1: The detection unit is used to determine the snow thickness and initial temperature of the snow in the turnout area, and this data is used to calculate the time required for steam snow melting.

[0017]

[0018] in, This represents the total time required for steam to melt snow. The density of snow; This refers to the thickness of the snow layer. The specific heat capacity of snow; The initial temperature of the snow; For latent heat of fusion; It is the latent heat of condensation; This is the specific heat capacity of water; The temperature of the steam after condensation; Steam flow rate per unit time; Allow time for this.

[0019] The appropriate snow melting time can be achieved by adjusting the steam flow rate.

[0020] S2: Calculate the time required for hot air to dry the residual water after it has melted.

[0021]

[0022] in, The total time required to dry the water; The density of water; The thickness of the water layer; It is the latent heat of vaporization; The convective heat transfer coefficient is given by the empirical formula: , Wind speed; The temperature of the blown air; Surface temperature of the rail.

[0023] The drying speed can be adjusted by changing the blower speed to prevent the surface from being dried too late and causing secondary icing.

[0024] S3: Compare snowmelt times and drying time Size, time The melting length *l* is obtained from the area of ​​snow melted by steam, and the speed of the trolley is calculated.

[0025]

[0026] in, The speed at which the snow melting vehicle moves; The area of ​​snow melted by steam; The time required for snow melting and drying to complete; This refers to the width of the turnout.

[0027] After the data is transmitted to the control unit, the vehicle's speed is automatically adjusted according to the actual situation, so as to achieve full snow melting while reducing energy consumption.

[0028] The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0029] 1. This invention uses staged induction heating to heat the water in the tank before it enters the steam generator and is rapidly vaporized to form high-temperature steam. The steam is then sprayed onto the locking grooves of railway turnouts and between the stock rail and the switch rail to melt the ice and snow. This method has high snow melting efficiency and can quickly solve the problem of snow accumulation in turnouts and locking grooves.

[0030] 2. This invention achieves coil cooling by introducing cold air, while the heated air can quickly blow away and dry the water on the surface of the melted ice, preventing secondary icing from affecting the turnout's track changing. The snow thickness and temperature are measured by a detection device, and the trolley calculates the time required for snow melting and drying after self-monitoring. This can prevent insufficient snow melting and overheating in one place, thus reducing energy consumption.

[0031] 3. Based on the calculated snow melting time and drying time, this invention enables the trolley to adjust its speed according to the actual situation, thereby achieving intelligent control of the trolley and quickly and thoroughly melting snow and de-icing the entire turnout. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the steam generator of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the water and gas transmission pipe of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the detection unit of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse air guiding device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the coaxial composite nozzle of the present invention.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0040] 1. Car body; 2. Water tank; 3. Blower; 4. Induction heating steam generator; 401. Nozzle; 402. Steam generation induction heating coil; 403. Steam generation chamber; 5. Steam storage tank; 6. Water and steam supply pipes; 601. Water supply pipe; 602. Inner insulation layer; 603. Preheating induction heating coil; 604. Outer shielding insulation layer; 605. Ventilation duct; 7. Control unit; 8. Detection unit; 801. Snow thickness detection device; 802. Snow temperature... Detection device; 9. Servo motor; 10. Transfer box; 11. Track wheel; 12. Lateral air guide device; 12A. Inner steam distribution chamber; 12B. Outer airflow distribution chamber; 1201. Square inner tube; 1202. Square outer tube; 13. Coaxial compound nozzle; 13A. Central steam channel; 13B. Annular hot air channel; 1301. Inner nozzle; 1302. Outer spray ring; 14. External air supply pipe; 14A. First air supply pipe; 14B. Second air supply pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] Reference Figures 1 to 6 This invention provides an intelligent maintenance vehicle integrating electric snow removal and hot air drying for railway turnouts, comprising a trolley body, a steam generation unit, a hot air supply unit, a steam injection drying integrated unit, a drive unit, a control unit, and a detection unit; the steam generation unit is used to convert water flow into steam; the hot air supply unit is used to generate hot air flow; the steam injection drying integrated unit receives the steam and hot air flow and coaxially sprays them out to perform snow melting and drying respectively; the drive unit is used to drive the trolley to move on the track; the control unit is used to control the coordinated operation of each unit; and the detection unit is used to detect snow temperature and snow thickness. The steam generation unit adopts a staged induction heating method. Water is initially heated by the preheating coil 603 in the water and gas supply pipeline 6 and then enters the induction heating steam generator 4 to form steam. In the hot air supply unit, cold air is generated by absorbing the waste heat of the preheating coil in the water and gas supply pipeline 6. In the steam injection and drying integrated unit, steam and hot air are injected separately using a coaxial structure to first melt the ice and snow in the locked trench and then dry the accumulated water to prevent secondary freezing. The detection unit can acquire snow condition data in real time and the control unit can intelligently adjust the operating parameters.

[0044] The drive unit includes a servo motor 9, a transfer case 10, and track wheels 11. The servo motor 9 is mounted on the trolley body 1, and its output shaft is connected to the transfer case 10. The transfer case 10 has two output shafts, left and right, with a left small pulley and a right small pulley connected to each shaft. The left and right small pulleys are connected to a left large pulley and a right large pulley via belts, respectively. The left and right large pulleys are integrally formed with the left and right track wheels 11. A bevel gear coaxial with the servo motor output shaft 10 can be installed inside the transfer case 10. The output shaft drives the bevel gear to rotate. Bevel gears coaxial with the left and right output shafts mesh on both sides of the bevel gear, further driving the left and right output shafts to rotate, which in turn drives the pulleys to rotate, ultimately rotating the left and right track wheels 11 and enabling the overall movement of the device.

[0045] The detection unit 8 includes a multi-stage telescopic push rod that can extend forward. A snow thickness measuring device 801 and a snow temperature measuring device 802 are installed at the end of the push rod. The snow thickness measuring device 801 and the snow temperature measuring device 802 transmit data to the control unit 7 to calculate the snow melting time and control the vehicle speed.

[0046] The steam generation unit includes a water tank 2, a water and steam supply pipe 6, an induction heating steam generator 4, and a steam storage tank 5; the water tank 2 provides water; the steam storage tank is used to store steam from the induction heating steam generator 4.

[0047] The water and air supply pipe 6 includes an internal water supply pipe 601, an inner insulation layer 602, a preheating induction heating coil 603, an outer shielding insulation layer 604, and a ventilation duct 605. The inner insulation layer 602 is located between the internal water supply pipe 601 and the preheating induction heating coil 603. The preheating induction heating coil 603 heats the internal water supply pipe 601 to raise the water temperature, while the outer ventilation duct introduces cold air to cool the preheating induction heating coil 603.

[0048] The induction heating steam generator 4 includes a nozzle 401, a steam generating induction heating coil 402, and a steam generating chamber 403. The nozzle 401 is used to atomize water. The steam generating chamber 403 is made of magnetic metal material and is surrounded by the steam generating induction heating coil 402. The water mist atomized by the nozzle 401 enters the steam generating chamber 403 and is rapidly evaporated into water vapor under the efficient induction heating of the chamber wall by the steam generating induction heating coil 402.

[0049] The hot air supply unit includes a blower 3, an external air supply pipe 14, and a water and air supply pipe 6; the blower 3 provides cold air; the external air supply pipe includes a first air supply pipe 14A and a second air supply pipe 14B; the first air supply pipe 14A inputs the cold air from the blower 3 into the ventilation duct 605 of the water and air supply pipe 6; the second air supply pipe 14B inputs the gas whose temperature has increased after cooling the preheating induction heating coil 603 into the steam injection drying integrated unit.

[0050] The steam injection drying integrated unit includes a transverse air guiding device 12 and a coaxial composite nozzle 13; the transverse air guiding device 12 has an inner steam distribution chamber 12A and an outer airflow distribution chamber 12B that are isolated from each other, and is respectively connected to the steam storage tank 5 and the second air supply pipe 14B; the coaxial composite nozzle 13 is provided with a central steam channel 13A and an annular hot air channel 13B, and is respectively connected to the inner steam distribution chamber 12A and the outer airflow distribution chamber 12B.

[0051] The transverse air guiding device 12 includes a square inner tube 1201 and a square outer tube 1202 coaxially mounted; the internal cavity of the square inner tube 1201 forms an inner steam distribution chamber 12A for distributing steam; the square outer tube 1202 is sleeved on the outside of the square inner tube, and the two form an annular outer airflow distribution chamber 12B.

[0052] The coaxial composite nozzle 13 is composed of an inner nozzle 1301 and an outer spray ring 1302, which are coaxially fitted together. The internal channel of the inner nozzle 1301 forms a central steam channel 13A, and the annular channel between the inner nozzle 1301 and the outer spray ring 1302 forms an annular hot air channel 13B.

[0053] The process involves first using steam to melt the snow, followed by using hot air to dry the water formed after the snow melts.

[0054] Phase 1: Steam Snow Melting Mode

[0055] Activation conditions: The detection unit 8 measures that the snow thickness is greater than the set threshold (e.g., 5mm), and the maintenance vehicle moves to the starting position of the turnout to be operated.

[0056] Specific process:

[0057] Water circuit start-up: A water circuit regulating valve can be installed at the interface between water tank 2 and water and gas supply pipe 6. The control unit 7 commands the water supply pipe regulating valve to open, and water in water tank 2 flows into water and gas supply pipe 6.

[0058] Staged heating: Water is initially heated by the preheating induction heating coil 603 in the water and gas supply pipe 6, and then enters the induction heating steam generator 4.

[0059] Core vaporization: Inside the generator, water is atomized by nozzle 401 and rapidly heated into saturated steam by steam generation induction heating coil 402.

[0060] Steam injection: Steam enters the inner steam distribution chamber 12A of the transverse air guide device 12 and is evenly distributed to the central steam channel of each coaxial composite nozzle 13. It is then sprayed at high speed toward the turnout locking groove, using high temperature and impact force to loosen and melt the ice and snow.

[0061] Switching judgment: This mode continues until the detection unit 8 senses that the snow in the target area has basically melted, or the timer ends according to the preset snow melting time t1.

[0062] Second stage: Hot air drying mode

[0063] Start-up conditions: After the steam snow melting mode ends, the system automatically switches to the hot air drying mode.

[0064] Specific process:

[0065] Water circuit shutdown: Control unit 7 shuts off the electric regulating valve of the water supply line to stop steam generation.

[0066] Airflow start-up and heating: The blower 3 runs continuously, and the airflow it generates enters the ventilation duct 605 of the water and air supply pipe 6 through the first air supply pipe 14A. When the airflow flows through the preheating induction heating coil 603, it absorbs residual heat and rapidly heats up to form dry hot air.

[0067] Hot air jet drying: The heated airflow enters the outer airflow distribution chamber 12B of the transverse air guide device 12 through the second air supply pipe 14B, and is sprayed out through the annular hot air channel of the coaxial composite nozzle 13 to fully cover the area where snow melting has been completed, accelerate the evaporation of residual water, and achieve rapid drying.

[0068] Operation complete: The hot air drying mode will automatically stop after the preset drying time t3, or it can be manually terminated by the operator. The trolley will then move to the next operation point.

[0069] The water supply to water tank 2 adopts a closed-loop controlled electric regulating valve system, whose control principle is "start and stop as needed, and accurate metering".

[0070] Water supply start / stop control, command source:

[0071] When the control unit 7 receives a start operation command (from the operation panel or automatic program) and the detection unit 8 confirms that there is effective snow accumulation in the target area, the control unit 7 sends a water supply start signal.

[0072] Perform the following actions:

[0073] The normally closed electric regulating valve or solenoid valve on the main water supply pipeline opens after receiving an opening signal, enabling the water tank to supply water to the system from two directions.

[0074] Flow regulation:

[0075] The control unit 7 adjusts the opening of the electric regulating valve according to the calculated steam demand (q / A) to achieve precise control of the water supply flow rate, so as to adapt to different snow melting intensity requirements.

[0076] Water supply stop control, automatic stop:

[0077] When the steam snow melting mode timer ends, or when the detection unit 8 reports that the snow has been cleared, the control unit 7 immediately sends a shutdown command, the electric regulating valve closes, and the water flow is cut off.

[0078] Safe stop:

[0079] In the event of system overheating, abnormal pressure, or emergency stop triggered by the operator, the control unit 7 or an independent safety circuit directly cuts off the power supply to the valve to achieve rapid shutdown.

[0080] Standby mode:

[0081] When not in operation, the electric regulating valve remains closed to prevent water leakage or accidental supply.

[0082] Example 2

[0083] This embodiment provides a control method for the intelligent maintenance vehicle integrating electric heating snow removal and hot air drying for railway turnouts, including the following steps:

[0084] In actual use, the trolley's moving speed is calculated through self-monitoring and self-adjustment to ensure that all snow in the trench and switch areas is melted. First, the detection unit determines the snow thickness and initial temperature in the switch area, and then uses this data to calculate the time required for steam snow melting.

[0085]

[0086] in, This represents the total time required for steam to melt snow. The density of snow; This refers to the thickness of the snow layer. The specific heat capacity of snow; The initial temperature of the snow; For latent heat of fusion; It is the latent heat of condensation; This is the specific heat capacity of water; The temperature of the steam after condensation; Steam flow rate per unit time; Allow time for this.

[0087] The steam flow can be automatically adjusted according to train scheduling requirements and trolley speed to achieve the appropriate snow melting time.

[0088] Then calculate the time required for the hot air to dry the remaining water after it has melted:

[0089]

[0090] in, The total time required to dry the water; The density of water; The thickness of the water layer; It is the latent heat of vaporization; The convective heat transfer coefficient is given by the empirical formula: , Wind speed; The temperature of the blown air; Surface temperature of the rail.

[0091] The blower speed can be automatically adjusted according to train scheduling requirements and trolley movement speed to change the drying speed, preventing the surface from being unable to dry in time due to excessive time, which could lead to secondary icing.

[0092] Finally, determine the snowmelt time. and drying time Size, time The melting length *l* is obtained from the area of ​​snow melted by steam, and the speed of the trolley is calculated.

[0093]

[0094] in, The speed at which the snow melting vehicle moves; The area of ​​snow melted by steam; The time required for snow melting and drying to complete; This refers to the width of the turnout.

[0095] After the data is transmitted to the control unit, the vehicle's speed is automatically adjusted according to the actual situation, so as to achieve full snow melting while reducing energy consumption.

[0096] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0097] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A smart maintenance vehicle integrating electric heating snow removal and hot air drying for railway turnouts, characterized in that, include: The trolley body (1) consists of a steam generation unit, a hot air supply unit, a steam injection drying integrated unit, a drive unit, a control unit (7), and a detection unit (8). The steam generation unit is used to convert water flow into steam. The hot air supply unit is used to generate hot air flow. The steam injection drying integrated unit receives steam and hot air flow and sprays them out coaxially to perform snow melting and drying respectively. The drive unit is used to drive the trolley to move on the track. The control unit is used to control the coordinated operation of each unit. The detection unit (8) is used to detect snow temperature and snow thickness.

2. The intelligent maintenance vehicle integrating electric heating snow removal and hot air drying for railway turnouts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive unit includes a servo motor (9) mounted on the main body (1) of the trolley. The output shaft of the servo motor (9) is connected to the transfer case (10). The transfer case (10) has two output shafts, left and right. A left small pulley and a right small pulley are respectively connected to the left and right output shafts. The left small pulley and the right small pulley are respectively connected to the left large pulley and the right large pulley by belts. The left large pulley and the right large pulley are respectively integrated with the left and right track wheels (11).

3. The intelligent maintenance vehicle integrating electric heating snow removal and hot air drying for railway turnouts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detection unit (8) is located on the side of the transverse air guide device (12) in front of the main body (1) of the vehicle. It includes two sets of multi-stage telescopic push rods for extending forward. The ends of the push rods are respectively equipped with a snow thickness measuring device (801) and a snow temperature measuring device (802). The snow thickness measuring device (801) and the snow temperature measuring device (802) transmit the measurement and detection data to the control unit (7) for calculating the snow melting time and controlling the vehicle speed.

4. The intelligent maintenance vehicle integrating electric heating snow removal and hot air drying for railway turnouts according to claim 3, characterized in that, The steam generating unit includes a water tank (2), which is connected to an induction heating steam generator (4) via a water and gas supply pipe (6); a steam storage tank (5) is connected to the induction heating steam generator (4); the water tank (2) is used to supply water; the steam storage tank (5) is used to store steam from the induction heating steam generator (4); the water and gas supply pipe (6) includes an internal water supply pipe (601), an inner insulation layer (602), a preheating induction heating coil (603), an outer shielding insulation layer (604), and a ventilation duct (605). The inner insulation layer (602) is located between the internal water supply pipe (601) and the preheating induction heating coil (603). The preheating induction heating coil (603) heats the internal water supply pipe (601) to raise the water temperature, while the outer ventilation duct introduces cold air to cool the preheating induction heating coil (603).

5. The intelligent maintenance vehicle integrating electric heating snow removal and hot air drying for railway turnouts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The induction heating steam generator (4) includes a nozzle (401), a steam generating induction heating coil (402), and a steam generating chamber (403) disposed in the water and gas supply pipe (6); the nozzle (401) is used to atomize water; the steam generating chamber (403) is made of magnetic metal material and is surrounded by the steam generating induction heating coil (402); the water mist atomized by the nozzle (401) enters the steam generating chamber (403) and is rapidly evaporated into water vapor under the efficient induction heating of the chamber wall by the steam generating induction heating coil (402).

6. The intelligent maintenance vehicle integrating electric heating snow removal and hot air drying for railway turnouts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The hot air supply unit includes a blower (3), an external air supply pipe (14), and a water supply and air supply pipe (6); the external air supply pipe includes a first air supply pipe (14A) and a second air supply pipe (14B); the first air supply pipe (14A) connects the blower (3) to the ventilation duct (605) of the water supply and air supply pipe (6); the second air supply pipe (14B) connects the ventilation duct (605) to the steam injection drying integrated unit.

7. The intelligent maintenance vehicle integrating electric heating snow removal and hot air drying for railway turnouts according to claim 6, characterized in that, The steam-drying integrated unit includes a transverse air guide device (12) and a coaxial composite nozzle (13); the transverse air guide device (12) has an inner steam distribution chamber (12A) and an outer airflow distribution chamber (12B) that are isolated from each other, and is connected to the steam storage tank (5) and the second gas delivery pipe (14B) respectively; the coaxial composite nozzle (13) is provided with a central steam channel (13A) and an annular hot air channel (13B), and is connected to the inner steam distribution chamber (12A) and the outer airflow distribution chamber (12B) respectively.

8. The intelligent maintenance vehicle integrating electric heating snow removal and hot air drying for railway turnouts according to claim 7, characterized in that, The transverse air guiding device (12) includes a square inner tube (1201) and a square outer tube (1202) coaxially mounted; the internal cavity of the square inner tube (1201) constitutes the inner steam distribution chamber (12A) for distributing steam; the square outer tube (1202) is sleeved on the outside of the square inner tube, and the two form an annular outer airflow distribution chamber (12B).

9. The intelligent maintenance vehicle integrating electric heating snow removal and hot air drying for railway turnouts according to claim 8, characterized in that, The coaxial composite nozzle (13) is composed of an inner nozzle (1301) and an outer spray ring (1302) that are coaxially fitted together; the internal channel of the inner nozzle (1301) forms the central steam channel (13A), and the annular channel between the inner nozzle (1301) and the outer spray ring (1302) forms the annular hot air channel (13B).

10. A control method for an intelligent maintenance vehicle integrating electric snow removal and hot air drying for railway turnouts as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The snow thickness and initial temperature of the turnout area are determined using the detection unit (8), and the time required for steam melting is calculated using this data. in, This represents the total time required for steam to melt snow. The density of snow; This refers to the thickness of the snow layer. The specific heat capacity of snow; The initial temperature of the snow; For latent heat of fusion; It is the latent heat of condensation; This is the specific heat capacity of water; The temperature of the steam after condensation; Steam flow rate per unit time; To allow time for future use; The steam flow rate can be adjusted by regulating the valve to achieve the appropriate snow melting time, which is coordinated with the movement of the trolley; S2: Calculate the time required for hot air to dry the residual water after it has melted. in, The total time required to dry the water; The density of water; The thickness of the water layer; It is the latent heat of vaporization; The convective heat transfer coefficient is given by the empirical formula: , Wind speed; The temperature of the blown air; Rail surface temperature; The drying speed can be changed by adjusting the speed of the blower (3) to prevent the surface from being dried in time due to excessive time, which could lead to secondary icing. S3: Determine snow melting time and drying time Size, time The melting length *l* is obtained from the area of ​​snow melted by steam, and the speed of the cart is calculated: in, The speed at which the snow melting vehicle moves; The area of ​​snow melted by steam; The time required for snow melting and drying to complete; The width of the turnout; After transmitting the data to the control unit (7), the moving speed of the trolley is automatically adjusted according to the actual situation, so as to achieve full snow melting while reducing energy consumption.

Images