High-temperature variable component gas supply system for ventilation supercavitation water tunnel test and operation method

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-temperature variable-component gas supply system for ventilated supercavitation water tunnel experiments, including a gas source module, which is sequentially connected to a heating module and a gas distribution module via pipelines. It also includes a data acquisition module, with the gas source module and heating module connected to the data acquisition module via signal lines. This invention also discloses an operation method for the high-temperature variable-component gas supply system. This invention solves the problem in existing water tunnel ventilated supercavitation experiments that it is impossible to simultaneously generate, regulate, and supply high-temperature variable-component gas containing condensable phases.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of gas supply system technology, specifically relating to a high-temperature variable composition gas supply system for ventilated supercavitation water tunnel experiments, and also to an operation method for the high-temperature variable composition gas supply system. Background Technology

[0002] Water tunnel testing is an important method for studying supercavitation in ventilated environments. Current research on steady-state supercavitation mainly focuses on the morphology and flow of supercavitating bubbles induced by ambient temperature gases, and the ventilation devices used in this research are primarily based on ambient temperature gas supply systems. However, the gas source in actual supercavitating navigation is usually high-temperature exhaust gas generated by propellant combustion or engines, which contains a certain proportion of high-temperature steam. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a high-temperature variable-component gas supply system and operating method suitable for water tunnel testing of supercavitation in ventilated environments.

[0003] The key challenges of high-temperature gas supply systems lie in the methods of hot gas generation, flow and composition control, insulation measures, and the design of preheating processes. Existing supercavitation water tunnel testing technologies lack gas heating and supply systems that can accommodate ambient air, hot air, hot steam, and hot air-steam mixtures; in particular, there is a lack of systems that can adjust the proportions of hot air and steam. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-temperature variable component gas supply system for supercavitating water tunnel tests, which solves the problem that existing supercavitating water tunnel tests cannot simultaneously generate, regulate and supply high-temperature variable component gas containing condensable phases.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide an operating method for a high-temperature variable composition gas supply system.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is a high-temperature variable-component gas supply system for ventilated supercavitation water tunnel experiments, including a gas source module, a heating module and a gas distribution module connected in sequence through pipelines, and a data acquisition module, with the gas source module and heating module respectively connected to the data acquisition module through signal lines.

[0007] The invention is further characterized by: The gas source module includes an air compressor, which is connected in sequence to an air storage tank and a pressure reducing valve via pipes. The output of the pressure reducing valve is divided into two paths. One path is connected in sequence to a gas flow meter and a gas flow regulating valve via pipes. A cold-end air pressure sensor and a cold-end air temperature sensor are installed on the pipe between the gas flow meter and the gas flow regulating valve. The outlet of the gas flow regulating valve is connected to a heating module via a pipe. The other path is connected in sequence to a water tank, a water flow meter, and a water flow regulating valve via pipes. A cold-end water pressure sensor and a cold-end water temperature sensor are installed on the pipe between the water flow meter and the water flow regulating valve. The outlet of the water flow regulating valve is connected to the heating module via a pipe. The output of the pressure reducing valve is connected to a bypass pipe, and a manual valve switch is installed on the bypass pipe.

[0008] The heating module includes a tin furnace heater, which contains an air heating pipe. The inlet of the air heating pipe is connected to the outlet of a gas flow regulating valve via a pipe. The tin furnace heater also contains a water heating pipe, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of a water flow regulating valve via a pipe. The tin furnace heater also contains tin ingots. The outlets of the air heating pipe and the water heating pipe are connected to a mixer via pipes. A hot-end air pressure sensor and a hot-end air temperature sensor are installed on the pipe between the outlet of the air heating pipe and the mixer. A hot-end steam pressure sensor and a hot-end steam temperature sensor are installed on the pipe between the outlet of the water heating pipe and the mixer. The mixer is connected to a gas distribution module via a pipe. A mixed gas pressure sensor and a mixed gas temperature sensor are installed on the pipe between the mixer and the gas distribution module.

[0009] The gas distribution module includes a high-temperature resistant shut-off valve. The mixer output is divided into two paths. One path is connected to the high-temperature resistant shut-off valve via a pipeline. The output of the high-temperature resistant shut-off valve is connected to the air supply pipeline of the water tunnel model via a pipeline. It also includes a water tank. The other path is submerged in the water tank via a pipeline and then splits into a first branch and a second branch. The first branch is connected to a conventional shut-off valve, and the second branch is connected to a safety valve. The outlets of the conventional shut-off valve and the safety valve are combined into one path via a pipeline and then fed into the water tank.

[0010] The data acquisition module includes a data acquisition board, and cold-end air pressure sensor, cold-end air temperature sensor, cold-end water pressure sensor, cold-end water temperature sensor, hot-end air pressure sensor, hot-end air temperature sensor, hot-end steam pressure sensor, hot-end steam temperature sensor, mixed gas pressure sensor, and mixed gas temperature sensor are all connected to the data acquisition board via signal lines. The data acquisition board is connected to a PC via signal lines.

[0011] Four-way connectors are installed on the pipes between the outlet end of the air heating pipe and the mixer, the pipes between the outlet end of the water heating pipe and the mixer, and the pipes between the mixer and the gas distribution module. A first-line clamping terminal is installed at the inlet end of each of the three four-way connectors along the flow direction, and a second-line clamping terminal is installed at the outlet end of each of the three four-way connectors along the flow direction. The three four-way connectors are connected to the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe respectively through the first-line clamping terminal and the second-line clamping terminal. The hot-end air temperature sensor, the hot-end steam temperature sensor, and the mixed gas temperature sensor are installed above the three four-way connectors to ensure that the probe measuring point is in the center of the flow channel of the four-way connector. Pressure gauge buffer tubes are connected below each of the three four-way connectors. The three pressure gauge buffer tubes are connected to the hot-end air pressure sensor, the hot-end steam pressure sensor, and the mixed gas pressure sensor respectively. The outer walls of the pipes between the water tank and the water flow meter, the pipes between the water flow meter and the water flow regulating valve, the pipes between the water flow regulating valve and the tin furnace heater, and the water heating pipes are all wrapped with alumina silicate ceramic fiber needled blankets with a thickness of not less than 20 mm; the outer walls of the pipes between the air heating pipes and the mixer, the pipes between the water heating pipes and the mixer, the pipes between the mixer and the water tank, the pipes between the mixer and the high-temperature resistant shut-off valve, and the pipes between the high-temperature resistant shut-off valve and the water tunnel model ventilation pipes are all wrapped with alumina silicate ceramic fiber needled blankets with a thickness of not less than 50 mm.

[0012] Another technical solution adopted in this invention is an operation method for a high-temperature variable composition gas supply system, comprising: S1. Close all valves, open the regular shut-off valve to allow gas to be discharged into the water tank to complete preheating, and start the data acquisition board and PC terminal; S2. Start the tin furnace heater, set the temperature and heat it, fill the water tank with boiling water, and run the air compressor to fill the air tank. S3. Preheat the system; preheat the ventilation pipes inside the water tunnel model; S4. Adjust the gas flow regulating valve and water flow regulating valve respectively to achieve a stable and continuous supply of gas with different components and temperatures. S5. The experiment is over.

[0013] Another feature of the technical solution adopted in this invention is that: S3 specifically involves: adjusting the pressure reducing valve to the set pressure, opening the gas flow regulating valve and the water flow regulating valve respectively, so that the readings of the gas flow meter and the water flow meter reach the set values. Under the action of pressure difference, the gas and liquid two phases flow into the tin furnace heater, and finally flow into the water tank from the conventional shut-off valve side. After the readings of each temperature and pressure sensor stabilize, the system preheating process is completed. Then, close the gas flow regulating valve, open the high-temperature resistant shut-off valve, close the conventional shut-off valve, and use superheated steam to preheat the ventilation pipeline in the water tunnel model. After the sensor readings stabilize, the preheating is completed, and the conditions for water tunnel testing are met.

[0014] S4 specifically refers to: before the formal test, turn on the data recording mode of the data acquisition module; during the water tunnel test, adjust the gas flow regulating valve and water flow regulating valve according to the working conditions to achieve a stable and continuous supply of gases of different components and temperatures, such as pure air, pure steam, and air-steam mixture; at the end of each working condition, turn off the data recording mode and check the availability of the stored data, and repeat S4 when the next working condition begins.

[0015] S5 specifically refers to: After all the tests are completed, turn off the tin furnace heater and air compressor, open the regular shut-off valve and manual valve switch, close the high-temperature shut-off valve, and after the gas has completely escaped, pour out the remaining water in the water tank and let it stand to allow the tin in the tin furnace heater to cool naturally.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention enables the stable output of high-temperature gas with a certain flow rate and temperature from the system outlet, while ensuring rapid adjustment of gas composition, temperature, and flow rate. Specifically, the system operates at a pressure of 0-10 bar and can output at least high-temperature air with a temperature of 0-550℃ and a flow rate of 0-5 g / s; or high-temperature steam with a temperature of 100-450℃ and a flow rate of 0-4 g / s; or a mixture of high-temperature air and steam with a temperature of 100-450℃ and a flow rate of 0-4 g / s, mixed in different proportions.

[0017] This invention enables system preheating without affecting the surrounding environment. After preheating, it can be switched to meet specific needs, especially for work scenarios requiring rapid heating in a short period of time. This invention is designed for high-temperature ventilation and supercavitation tests based on a closed high-speed circulating water tunnel, and can supply high-temperature gas to the spacecraft within the limited working time (40~90s) of a single ventilation test.

[0018] This invention is designed for water tunnel testing and related applications, but is not limited thereto; this invention can be applied to all industrial or laboratory scenarios where flow rate, composition and temperature requirements are within the scope of this invention, and has a wide range of applications. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the high-temperature variable composition gas supply system for the supercavitation water tunnel test of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tin furnace heater of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor connection structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the system output high-temperature air performance curve in Embodiment 8 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the system output high-temperature steam performance curve in Embodiment 8 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the performance curve of the high-temperature air-steam mixture output by the system in Embodiment 8 of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram, 1. Air compressor, 2. Air tank, 3. Pressure reducing valve, 4. Manual valve switch, 5. Gas flow meter, 6. Cold end air pressure sensor, 7. Cold end air temperature sensor, 8. Gas flow regulating valve, 9. Water tank, 10. Water flow meter, 11. Cold end water pressure sensor, 12. Cold end water temperature sensor, 13. Water flow regulating valve, 14. Solder pot heater, 15. Hot end air pressure sensor, 16. Hot end air temperature sensor, 17. Hot end vapor pressure sensor. 18. Force sensor, 19. Hot end steam temperature sensor, 20. Mixer, 21. Mixed gas pressure sensor, 22. Mixed gas temperature sensor, 23. High temperature resistant shut-off valve, 24. Conventional shut-off valve, 25. Safety valve, 26. Water tank, 27. Data acquisition board, 28. PC terminal, 29. Air heating pipeline, 30. Water heating pipeline, 31. Tin ingot, 32. Four-way connector, 33. No. 1 ferrule terminal, 34. No. 2 ferrule terminal, 35. Pressure gauge buffer tube. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] The high-temperature variable composition gas supply system for ventilated supercavitation water tunnel experiments provided by this invention, such as... Figure 1As shown, the system includes a gas source module, which is connected to a heating module and a gas distribution module via pipelines. It also includes a data acquisition module, with the gas source module and heating module connected to the data acquisition module via signal lines. The gas source module includes an air compressor 1, which is connected to an air storage tank 2 and a pressure reducing valve 3 via pipelines. The output of the pressure reducing valve 3 is divided into two paths. One path is connected to a gas flow meter 5 and a gas flow regulating valve 8 via pipelines. A cold-end air pressure sensor 6 and a cold-end air temperature sensor 7 are installed on the pipeline between the gas flow meter 5 and the gas flow regulating valve 8. The gas flow regulating valve... The outlet of valve 8 is connected to the heating module via a pipe. Gas flow regulating valve 8 is a large-diameter flow regulating valve to reduce pressure loss at this point. Another pipe connects to water tank 9, water flow meter 10, and water flow regulating valve 13 in sequence. A cold end water pressure sensor 11 and a cold end water temperature sensor 12 are installed on the pipe between water flow meter 10 and water flow regulating valve 13. The outlet of water flow regulating valve 13 is connected to the heating module via a pipe. The output of pressure reducing valve 3 is connected to a bypass pipe, and a manual valve switch 4 is installed on the bypass pipe to realize system venting and emergency pressure relief in case of heating module malfunction. Figure 2As shown, the heating module includes a tin furnace heater 14, which contains an air heating pipe 28. The inlet of the air heating pipe 28 is connected to the outlet of a gas flow regulating valve 8 via a pipe. The tin furnace heater 14 also contains a water heating pipe 29, whose inlet is connected to the outlet of a water flow regulating valve 13 via a pipe. The tin furnace heater 14 also contains tin ingots 30. The outlets of the air heating pipe 28 and the water heating pipe 29 are connected to a mixer 19 via pipes. A hot-end air pressure sensor 15 and a hot-end air temperature sensor 16 are installed on the pipe between the outlet of the air heating pipe 28 and the mixer 19. The outlet of the water heating pipe 29 is connected to the mixer... A hot-end steam pressure sensor 17 and a hot-end steam temperature sensor 18 are installed on the pipe between mixer 19 and mixer 19. Mixer 19 is connected to the gas distribution module through a pipe. A mixed gas pressure sensor 20 and a mixed gas temperature sensor 21 are installed on the pipe between mixer 19 and the gas distribution module. The core of the heating module is the tin furnace heater 14. The tin furnace 14 melts the tin ingots 30 in the furnace through electric heating. The molten tin transfers heat to the air heating pipe 28 and water heating pipe 29 immersed in it through heat conduction. The air and water reach the design temperature through convective heat exchange with the pipe walls. The tin furnace heater 14 has a power of 5kW and a maximum heating temperature of 600℃. After theoretical calculation and experimental testing, the required air heating temperature to achieve the expected heating target is determined. The length, inner diameter, and wall thickness of the heat pipe are 2m, 10mm, and 1mm, respectively; the length, inner diameter, and wall thickness of the water heating pipe are 2.5m, 6mm, and 1mm, respectively. The gas distribution module includes a high-temperature resistant shut-off valve 22. The output of the mixer 19 is divided into two paths. One path is connected to the high-temperature resistant shut-off valve 22 via a pipe. The output of the high-temperature resistant shut-off valve 22 is connected to the venting pipe of the water tunnel model via a pipe. It also includes a water tank 25. The other path is submerged in the water tank 25 via a pipe and then splits into a first branch and a second branch. The first branch is connected to a conventional shut-off valve 23, and the second branch is connected to a safety valve 24. The outlets of the conventional shut-off valve 23 and the safety valve 24 are combined into one path via a pipe and then flow into the water tank 25. The safety valve 24 is normally closed, and its function is... When a system malfunction causes excessive pipeline pressure, the system pressure is released and set to 1.3 times the system operating pressure. The data acquisition module includes a data acquisition board 26, a cold-end air pressure sensor 6, a cold-end air temperature sensor 7, a cold-end water pressure sensor 11, a cold-end water temperature sensor 12, a hot-end air pressure sensor 15, a hot-end air temperature sensor 16, a hot-end steam pressure sensor 17, a hot-end steam temperature sensor 18, a mixed gas pressure sensor 20, and a mixed gas temperature sensor 21, all connected to the data acquisition board 26 via signal lines. The data acquisition board 26 is connected to a PC terminal 27 via signal lines. Each sensor is sequentially connected to its respective transmitter, and the combined signals are then connected to the data acquisition board 26 and the PC terminal 27. Figure 3As shown, four-way connectors 31 are installed on the pipes between the outlet end of the air heating pipe 28 and the mixer 19, the pipes between the outlet end of the water heating pipe 29 and the mixer 19, and the pipes between the mixer 19 and the gas distribution module. A first-fitting end 32 is installed at the inlet end of each of the three four-way connectors 31 along the flow direction, and a second-fitting end 33 is installed at the outlet end of each of the three four-way connectors 31 along the flow direction. The three four-way connectors 31 are connected to the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe respectively through the first-fitting end 32 and the second-fitting end 33. A hot-end air temperature sensor 16 is also present. The hot-end steam temperature sensor 18 and the mixed gas temperature sensor 21 are respectively installed above the three four-way connectors 31 to ensure that the probe measuring point is in the center of the flow channel of the four-way connector 31. Pressure gauge buffer tubes 34 are connected to the bottom of the three four-way connectors 31. The three pressure gauge buffer tubes 34 are respectively connected to the hot-end air pressure sensor 15, the hot-end steam pressure sensor 17 and the mixed gas pressure sensor 20. During installation, the pressure gauge buffer tubes 34 are filled with water to ensure the safety of the pressure sensors when the system is running. All components are sealed by thread and copper gasket end face sealing. The area between the water tank 9 and the inlet of the water heating pipe 29 in the tin furnace heater 14 is a medium-temperature zone (around 100℃). Through simulation and testing, the PTFE pipes and all components in the medium-temperature zone are wrapped with 20mm thick aluminosilicate ceramic fiber needled blankets using aluminum foil tape. Specifically, the pipes between the water tank 9 and the water flow meter 10, the water flow meter 10 and the water flow regulating valve 13, the water flow regulating valve 13 and the tin furnace heater 14, and the outer wall of the water heating pipe 29 are all wrapped with a minimum 20mm thick aluminosilicate ceramic fiber needled blanket to reduce heat loss along the path and ensure the mainstream temperature. The area between the tin furnace heater 14 and the water tank 25 is a high-temperature zone (100~600℃). After simulation and testing, all pipes and components in the high-temperature zone were wrapped with 50mm thick aluminosilicate ceramic fiber needled blankets using aluminum foil tape. Specifically, the outer walls of the pipes between air heating pipe 28 and mixer 19, water heating pipe 29 and mixer 19, mixer 19 and water tank 25, mixer 19 and high-temperature resistant shut-off valve 22, and the pipes between high-temperature resistant shut-off valve 22 and the water tunnel model ventilation pipe were all wrapped with a minimum thickness of 50mm aluminosilicate ceramic fiber needled blankets. Connections from air compressor 1 to cold-end air pressure sensor 6, and from air compressor 1 to the inlet of water tank 9, all used polyurethane flexible tubing (PU tubing, see...). Figure 1 The hollow tubing ensures a pressure resistance of 1MPa and quick connection. The connection between the outlet of water tank 9 and the cold end water pressure sensor 11 uses PTFE tubing (see...). Figure 1(The dotted line indicates that it can withstand a pressure of at least 1MPa and a temperature of 200℃, while ensuring flexibility and ease of connection.) Both the cold-end air pressure sensor 6 and the cold-end water pressure sensor 11 are constructed using 316L stainless steel tubing (see...). Figure 1 The design incorporates a solid line (indicating a pressure resistance of at least 1 MPa and a temperature resistance of 600℃). All piping lengths are kept as short as possible to minimize pressure and heat loss along the pipes. All sensors are connected to the 4-20mA transmitter using waterproof shielded cables, then to the data acquisition board 26 via twisted-pair shielded cables, and finally to the PC 27 via a USB-to-RS485 converter. The specific signal conversion process is as follows: the sensor's analog signal is converted to a 4-20mA standard signal by the transmitter, then converted to a digital signal by the A / D conversion module of the data acquisition board 26, and finally networked via an RS485 bus to the PC 27 for data monitoring and processing. The communication protocol conforms to the Modbus standard.

[0023] The operating method of the high-temperature variable composition gas supply system provided by the present invention, based on the above-mentioned high-temperature variable composition gas supply system for supercavitation water tunnel testing, includes the following steps: S1. Close all valves, open the regular shut-off valve to allow gas to be discharged into the water tank to complete preheating, and start the data acquisition board and PC terminal; S2. Start the tin furnace heater, set the temperature and heat it, fill the water tank with boiling water, and run the air compressor to fill the air tank. S3. Preheat the system; preheat the ventilation pipes inside the water tunnel model; Specifically: Adjust the pressure reducing valve to the set pressure, open the gas flow regulating valve and the water flow regulating valve respectively, so that the readings of the gas flow meter and the water flow meter reach the set values. Under the action of pressure difference, the gas and liquid two phases flow into the tin furnace heater, and finally flow into the water tank from the conventional shut-off valve side. After the readings of each temperature and pressure sensor stabilize, the system preheating process is completed. Close the gas flow regulating valve, open the high temperature resistant shut-off valve, close the conventional shut-off valve, and use superheated steam to preheat the ventilation pipeline in the water tunnel model. After the sensor readings stabilize, the preheating is completed, and the conditions for water tunnel testing are met. S4. Adjust the gas flow regulating valve and water flow regulating valve respectively to achieve a stable and continuous supply of gas with different components and temperatures. Specifically: Before the formal test, the data acquisition module is turned on in data recording mode. During the water tunnel test, the gas flow regulating valve and water flow regulating valve are adjusted according to the working conditions to achieve a stable and continuous supply of gases of different components and temperatures, including pure air, pure steam, and air-steam mixtures. At the end of each working condition, the data recording mode is turned off and the availability of the stored data is checked. S4 is repeated when the next working condition begins. S5. The experiment is over; Specifically, after all the tests are completed, turn off the tin furnace heater and air compressor, open the regular shut-off valve and manual valve switch, close the high-temperature shut-off valve, and after the gas has completely escaped, pour out the remaining water in the water tank and let it stand to allow the tin in the tin furnace heater to cool naturally.

[0024] Example 1 The high-temperature variable-component gas supply system for the ventilated supercavitation water tunnel test proposed in this embodiment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a gas source module, which is connected to a heating module and a gas distribution module in sequence via pipes. It also includes a data acquisition module, which is connected to the gas source module and the heating module via signal lines.

[0025] Example 2 The high-temperature variable-component gas supply system for the ventilated supercavitation water tunnel test proposed in this embodiment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a gas source module, which is connected to a heating module and a gas distribution module via pipelines. It also includes a data acquisition module, with the gas source module and heating module connected to the data acquisition module via signal lines. The gas source module includes an air compressor 1, which is connected to a gas storage tank 2 and a pressure reducing valve 3 via pipelines. The output of the pressure reducing valve 3 is divided into two paths: one path is connected to a gas flow meter 5 and a gas flow regulating valve 8 via pipelines, with a cold-end air pressure sensor 6 and a cold-end air temperature sensor 7 installed on the pipeline between the gas flow meter 5 and the gas flow regulating valve 8; the outlet of the gas flow regulating valve 8 is connected to the heating module via a pipeline. The other path is connected to a water tank 9, a water flow meter 10, and a water flow regulating valve 13 via pipelines, with a cold-end water pressure sensor 11 and a cold-end water temperature sensor 12 installed on the pipeline between the water flow meter 10 and the water flow regulating valve 13; the outlet of the water flow regulating valve 13 is connected to the heating module via a pipeline. The output of the pressure reducing valve 3 is connected to a bypass pipeline, on which a manual valve switch 4 is installed.

[0026] Example 3 The high-temperature variable-component gas supply system for the ventilated supercavitation water tunnel test proposed in this embodiment, such as... Figure 1As shown, the system includes a gas source module, which is connected to a heating module and a gas distribution module via pipelines. It also includes a data acquisition module, with the gas source module and heating module connected to the data acquisition module via signal lines. The gas source module includes an air compressor 1, which is connected to a gas storage tank 2 and a pressure reducing valve 3 via pipelines. The output of the pressure reducing valve 3 is divided into two paths: one path is connected to a gas flow meter 5 and a gas flow regulating valve 8 via pipelines, with a cold-end air pressure sensor 6 and a cold-end air temperature sensor 7 installed on the pipeline between the gas flow meter 5 and the gas flow regulating valve 8; the outlet of the gas flow regulating valve 8 is connected to the heating module via a pipeline. The other path is connected to a water tank 9, a water flow meter 10, and a water flow regulating valve 13 via pipelines, with a cold-end water pressure sensor 11 and a cold-end water temperature sensor 12 installed on the pipeline between the water flow meter 10 and the water flow regulating valve 13; the outlet of the water flow regulating valve 13 is connected to the heating module via a pipeline. The output of the pressure reducing valve 3 is connected to a bypass pipeline, on which a manual valve switch 4 is installed. Figure 2 As shown, the heating module includes a tin furnace heater 14, which contains an air heating pipe 28. The inlet end of the air heating pipe 28 is connected to the outlet end of the gas flow regulating valve 8 via a pipe. The tin furnace heater 14 also contains a water heating pipe 29, which is connected to the outlet end of the water flow regulating valve 13 via a pipe. The tin furnace heater 14 also contains a tin ingot 30. The outlet ends of the air heating pipe 28 and the water heating pipe 29 are connected to a mixer 19 via pipes. A hot-end air pressure sensor 15 and a hot-end air temperature sensor 16 are installed on the pipe between the outlet end of the air heating pipe 28 and the mixer 19. A hot-end steam pressure sensor 17 and a hot-end steam temperature sensor 18 are installed on the pipe between the outlet end of the water heating pipe 29 and the mixer 19. The mixer 19 is connected to a gas distribution module via a pipe. A mixed gas pressure sensor 20 and a mixed gas temperature sensor 21 are installed on the pipe between the mixer 19 and the gas distribution module.

[0027] Example 4 The high-temperature variable composition gas supply system for the ventilated supercavitation water tunnel test proposed in this embodiment, such as... Figure 1As shown, the system includes a gas source module, which is connected to a heating module and a gas distribution module via pipelines. It also includes a data acquisition module, with the gas source module and heating module connected to the data acquisition module via signal lines. The gas source module includes an air compressor 1, which is connected to a gas storage tank 2 and a pressure reducing valve 3 via pipelines. The output of the pressure reducing valve 3 is divided into two paths: one path is connected to a gas flow meter 5 and a gas flow regulating valve 8 via pipelines, with a cold-end air pressure sensor 6 and a cold-end air temperature sensor 7 installed on the pipeline between the gas flow meter 5 and the gas flow regulating valve 8; the outlet of the gas flow regulating valve 8 is connected to the heating module via a pipeline. The other path is connected to a water tank 9, a water flow meter 10, and a water flow regulating valve 13 via pipelines, with a cold-end water pressure sensor 11 and a cold-end water temperature sensor 12 installed on the pipeline between the water flow meter 10 and the water flow regulating valve 13; the outlet of the water flow regulating valve 13 is connected to the heating module via a pipeline. The output of the pressure reducing valve 3 is connected to a bypass pipeline, on which a manual valve switch 4 is installed. Figure 2 As shown, the heating module includes a tin furnace heater 14, which contains an air heating pipe 28. The inlet of the air heating pipe 28 is connected to the outlet of a gas flow regulating valve 8 via a pipe. The tin furnace heater 14 also contains a water heating pipe 29, whose inlet is connected to the outlet of a water flow regulating valve 13 via a pipe. The tin furnace heater 14 also contains tin ingots 30. The outlets of the air heating pipe 28 and the water heating pipe 29 are connected to a mixer 19 via pipes. A hot-end air pressure sensor 15 and a hot-end air temperature sensor 16 are installed on the pipe between the outlet of the air heating pipe 28 and the mixer 19. A [missing information - likely a device or device] is installed on the pipe between the outlet of the water heating pipe 29 and the mixer 19. Hot-end steam pressure sensor 17 and hot-end steam temperature sensor 18, mixer 19 are connected to gas distribution module via pipeline, and mixed gas pressure sensor 20 and mixed gas temperature sensor 21 are installed on the pipeline between mixer 19 and gas distribution module; gas distribution module includes high-temperature resistant shut-off valve 22, the output end of mixer 19 is divided into two paths, one path is connected to high-temperature resistant shut-off valve 22 via pipeline, and the output end of high-temperature resistant shut-off valve 22 is connected to the water tunnel model ventilation pipeline via pipeline; it also includes water tank 25, the other path is submerged in water tank 25 via pipeline and then divided into first branch and second branch, the first branch is connected to conventional shut-off valve 23, the second branch is connected to safety valve 24, the outlet ends of conventional shut-off valve 23 and safety valve 24 are merged into one path via pipeline and then flow into water tank 25.

[0028] Example 5 The high-temperature variable-component gas supply system for the ventilated supercavitation water tunnel test proposed in this embodiment, such as... Figure 1As shown, the system includes a gas source module, which is connected to a heating module and a gas distribution module via pipelines. It also includes a data acquisition module, with the gas source module and heating module connected to the data acquisition module via signal lines. The gas source module includes an air compressor 1, which is connected to a gas storage tank 2 and a pressure reducing valve 3 via pipelines. The output of the pressure reducing valve 3 is divided into two paths: one path is connected to a gas flow meter 5 and a gas flow regulating valve 8 via pipelines, with a cold-end air pressure sensor 6 and a cold-end air temperature sensor 7 installed on the pipeline between the gas flow meter 5 and the gas flow regulating valve 8; the outlet of the gas flow regulating valve 8 is connected to the heating module via a pipeline. The other path is connected to a water tank 9, a water flow meter 10, and a water flow regulating valve 13 via pipelines, with a cold-end water pressure sensor 11 and a cold-end water temperature sensor 12 installed on the pipeline between the water flow meter 10 and the water flow regulating valve 13; the outlet of the water flow regulating valve 13 is connected to the heating module via a pipeline. The output of the pressure reducing valve 3 is connected to a bypass pipeline, on which a manual valve switch 4 is installed. Figure 2As shown, the heating module includes a tin furnace heater 14, which contains an air heating pipe 28. The inlet of the air heating pipe 28 is connected to the outlet of a gas flow regulating valve 8 via a pipe. The tin furnace heater 14 also contains a water heating pipe 29, whose inlet is connected to the outlet of a water flow regulating valve 13 via a pipe. The tin furnace heater 14 also contains tin ingots 30. The outlets of the air heating pipe 28 and the water heating pipe 29 are connected to a mixer 19 via pipes. A hot-end air pressure sensor 15 and a hot-end air temperature sensor 16 are installed on the pipe between the outlet of the air heating pipe 28 and the mixer 19. A hot-end steam pressure sensor 17 and a hot-end steam temperature sensor 18 are installed on the pipe between the outlet of the water heating pipe 29 and the mixer 19. The mixer 19 is connected to a gas distribution module via a pipe. A mixed gas pressure sensor 20 and a mixed gas temperature sensor 21 are installed on the pipe between the mixer 19 and the gas distribution module. The system includes a high-temperature resistant shut-off valve 22. The mixer 19 output is divided into two paths: one path connects to the high-temperature resistant shut-off valve 22 via a pipe, and the output of the high-temperature resistant shut-off valve 22 connects to the ventilation pipe of the water tunnel model via a pipe. It also includes a water tank 25. The other path, after being submerged in the water tank 25 via a pipe, branches into a first branch and a second branch. The first branch connects to a conventional shut-off valve 23, and the second branch connects to a safety valve 24. The outlets of the conventional shut-off valve 23 and the safety valve 24 are combined into one path via a pipe and then flow into the water tank 25. The data acquisition module includes a data acquisition board 26. Cold-end air pressure sensor 6, cold-end air temperature sensor 7, cold-end water pressure sensor 11, cold-end water temperature sensor 12, hot-end air pressure sensor 15, hot-end air temperature sensor 16, hot-end steam pressure sensor 17, hot-end steam temperature sensor 18, mixed gas pressure sensor 20, and mixed gas temperature sensor 21 are all connected to the data acquisition board 26 via signal lines. The data acquisition board 26 is connected to a PC terminal 27 via signal lines. Figure 3As shown, four-way connectors 31 are installed on the pipes between the outlet end of the air heating pipe 28 and the mixer 19, the pipes between the outlet end of the water heating pipe 29 and the mixer 19, and the pipes between the mixer 19 and the gas distribution module. A first-line fitting terminal 32 is installed at the inlet end of each of the three four-way connectors 31 along the flow direction, and a second-line fitting terminal 33 is installed at the outlet end of each of the three four-way connectors 31 along the flow direction. The three four-way connectors 31 are connected to the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe respectively through the first-line fitting terminal 32 and the second-line fitting terminal 33. The hot-end air temperature sensor 16, the hot-end steam temperature sensor 18, and the mixed gas temperature sensor 21 are respectively installed above the three four-way connectors 31 to ensure that the probe measuring point is in the center of the flow channel of the four-way connector 31. A pressure gauge buffer tube 34 is connected below each of the three four-way connectors 31. The three pressure gauge buffer tubes 34 are respectively connected to the hot-end air pressure sensor 15, the hot-end steam pressure sensor 17, and the mixed gas pressure sensor 20. The outer walls of the pipes between the water tank 9 and the water flow meter 10, the pipes between the water flow meter 10 and the water flow regulating valve 13, the pipes between the water flow regulating valve 13 and the tin furnace heater 14, and the water heating pipe 29 are all wrapped with alumina silicate ceramic fiber needled blankets with a thickness of not less than 20 mm; the outer walls of the pipes between the air heating pipe 28 and the mixer 19, the pipes between the water heating pipe 29 and the mixer 19, the pipes between the mixer 19 and the water tank 25, the pipes between the mixer 19 and the high temperature resistant shut-off valve 22, and the pipes between the high temperature resistant shut-off valve 22 and the water tunnel model ventilation pipe are all wrapped with alumina silicate ceramic fiber needled blankets with a thickness of not less than 50 mm.

[0029] Example 6 The operation method of the high-temperature variable composition gas supply system proposed in this embodiment, based on the above-mentioned high-temperature variable composition gas supply system for ventilated supercavitation water tunnel tests, includes the following steps: S1. Close all valves, open the regular shut-off valve to allow gas to be discharged into the water tank to complete preheating, and start the data acquisition board and PC terminal; S2. Start the tin furnace heater, set the temperature and heat it, fill the water tank with boiling water, and run the air compressor to fill the air tank. S3. Preheat the system; preheat the ventilation pipes inside the water tunnel model; S4. Adjust the gas flow regulating valve and water flow regulating valve respectively to achieve a stable and continuous supply of gas with different components and temperatures. S5. The experiment is over.

[0030] Example 7 The operation method of the high-temperature variable composition gas supply system proposed in this embodiment, based on the above-mentioned high-temperature variable composition gas supply system for ventilated supercavitation water tunnel tests, includes the following steps: S1. Close all valves, open the regular shut-off valve to allow gas to be discharged into the water tank to complete preheating, and start the data acquisition board and PC terminal; S2. Start the tin furnace heater, set the temperature and heat it, fill the water tank with boiling water, and run the air compressor to fill the air tank. S3. Preheat the system; preheat the ventilation pipes inside the water tunnel model; Specifically: Adjust the pressure reducing valve to the set pressure, open the gas flow regulating valve and the water flow regulating valve respectively, so that the readings of the gas flow meter and the water flow meter reach the set values. Under the action of pressure difference, the gas and liquid two phases flow into the tin furnace heater, and finally flow into the water tank from the conventional shut-off valve side. After the readings of each temperature and pressure sensor stabilize, the system preheating process is completed. Close the gas flow regulating valve, open the high temperature resistant shut-off valve, close the conventional shut-off valve, and use superheated steam to preheat the ventilation pipeline in the water tunnel model. After the sensor readings stabilize, the preheating is completed, and the conditions for water tunnel testing are met. S4. Adjust the gas flow regulating valve and water flow regulating valve respectively to achieve a stable and continuous supply of gas with different components and temperatures. Specifically: Before the formal test, the data acquisition module is turned on in data recording mode. During the water tunnel test, the gas flow regulating valve and water flow regulating valve are adjusted according to the working conditions to achieve a stable and continuous supply of gases of different components and temperatures, including pure air, pure steam, and air-steam mixtures. At the end of each working condition, the data recording mode is turned off and the availability of the stored data is checked. S4 is repeated when the next working condition begins. S5. The experiment is over; Specifically, after all the tests are completed, turn off the tin furnace heater and air compressor, open the regular shut-off valve and manual valve switch, close the high-temperature shut-off valve, and after the gas has completely escaped, pour out the remaining water in the water tank and let it stand to allow the tin in the tin furnace heater to cool naturally.

[0031] Example 8 The operation method of the high-temperature variable composition gas supply system proposed in this embodiment, based on the above-mentioned high-temperature variable composition gas supply system for ventilated supercavitation water tunnel tests, includes the following steps: First, close all valves in the test system and open the conventional shut-off valve to allow the gas to be discharged into the water tank outside the water tunnel to complete the preheating; connect the data acquisition board and PC power supply, and check the status of the ports and sensors. The second step is to run the solder pot heater, adjust the temperature, and wait for the solder pot heater to heat up to the set temperature of 500℃. Fill the water tank with boiling water at 100℃. The purpose of replacing the boiling water with very warm water is to save the power of the solder pot heater and make the steam outlet temperature higher. If the hot water is insufficient during the test, the system needs to be briefly stopped to refill with boiling water. After the refilling is completed, the system operation is resumed. The system brief stop operation is to turn off the air compressor, open the hand valve switch, and run the air compressor to fill the air tank. In order to ensure a continuous and stable supply of gas, the pressure of the air tank should always be more than 1.5 times the pressure of 4 bar after the pressure reducing valve, that is, more than 6 bar. The third step is to adjust the pressure reducing valve to the set pressure of 4 bar, and open the gas flow regulating valve and water flow regulating valve respectively, so that the readings of the gas flow meter and water flow meter reach the set values, the air flow is 1.29 g / s and the water flow is 0.60 g / s. Under the action of pressure difference, the gas and liquid two phases flow into the tin furnace heater, and finally flow into the water tank from the conventional shut-off valve side. The fourth step is to wait until the readings of each temperature and pressure sensor stabilize, and then the system preheating process is completed. Record the sensor data. At this time, the readings of the mixed gas pressure sensor and the mixed gas temperature sensor can be approximated as the system outlet temperature and pressure. Then, close the gas flow regulating valve, open the high-temperature resistant shut-off valve, close the conventional shut-off valve, and use superheated steam to preheat the ventilation pipeline in the water tunnel model. After the sensor readings stabilize, the preheating is completed, and the conditions for water tunnel testing are met. The fifth step involves adjusting the gas flow control valve and water flow control valve according to the operating conditions during the water tunnel test. This ensures a stable and continuous supply of gases of different components and temperatures, including pure air, pure steam, and air-steam mixtures. Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown; the specific temperature range is 100~450℃, the flow rate range is 0~4g / s, and the air-to-vapor volume ratio is 0~1. t For heating time, T air For the readings of the hot-end air temperature sensor, T mix For the reading of the air-fuel mixture temperature sensor, T vap The reading of the hot-end steam temperature sensor T wat This is the reading from the cold-end water temperature sensor; As shown in the figure, within a pressure range of 0-10 bar, after 25 minutes of preheating, the system can output high-temperature air with a temperature of 0-550℃ and a flow rate of 0-5 g / s; or high-temperature steam with a temperature of 100-450℃ and a flow rate of 0-4 g / s; or a mixture of high-temperature air and steam with a temperature of 100-450℃ and a flow rate of 0-4 g / s, mixed in different proportions. Step 6: After all the tests are completed, turn off the tin furnace heater and air compressor, open the regular shut-off valve, open the manual valve switch, close the high-temperature shut-off valve, and after the gas has completely escaped, pour out the remaining water in the water tank and let it stand to allow the tin in the tin furnace heater to cool naturally.

Claims

1. A high-temperature variable-component gas supply system for ventilated supercavitation water tunnel experiments, characterized in that, It includes a gas source module, which is connected in sequence to a heating module and a gas distribution module via pipelines, and a data acquisition module, which is connected to the gas source module and the heating module via signal lines.

2. The high-temperature variable composition gas supply system for supercavitation water tunnel experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas source module includes an air compressor (1), which is connected in sequence to a gas storage tank (2) and a pressure reducing valve (3) via a pipe. The output end of the pressure reducing valve (3) is divided into two paths. One path is connected in sequence to a gas flow meter (5) and a gas flow regulating valve (8) via a pipe. A cold end air pressure sensor (6) and a cold end air temperature sensor (7) are installed on the pipe between the gas flow meter (5) and the gas flow regulating valve (8). The outlet end of the gas flow regulating valve (8) is connected to the heating module via a pipe. The other path is connected in sequence to a water tank (9), a water flow meter (10), and a water flow regulating valve (13) via a pipe. A cold end water pressure sensor (11) and a cold end water temperature sensor (12) are installed on the pipe between the water flow meter (10) and the water flow regulating valve (13). The outlet end of the water flow regulating valve (13) is connected to the heating module via a pipe. The output end of the pressure reducing valve (3) is connected to a bypass pipe, and a manual valve switch (4) is installed on the bypass pipe.

3. The high-temperature variable composition gas supply system for supercavitation water tunnel experiments according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heating module includes a tin furnace heater (14), which is equipped with an air heating pipe (28). The inlet end of the air heating pipe (28) is connected to the outlet end of the gas flow regulating valve (8) through a pipe. The tin furnace heater (14) is also equipped with a water heating pipe (29), which is connected to the outlet end of the water flow regulating valve (13) through a pipe. The tin furnace heater (14) is also equipped with a tin ingot (30). The outlet ends of the air heating pipe (28) and the water heating pipe (29) are respectively connected to each other through pipes. A mixer (19) is connected to the mixer (19). A hot-end air pressure sensor (15) and a hot-end air temperature sensor (16) are installed on the pipe between the outlet end of the air heating pipe (28) and the mixer (19). A hot-end steam pressure sensor (17) and a hot-end steam temperature sensor (18) are installed on the pipe between the outlet end of the water heating pipe (29) and the mixer (19). The mixer (19) is connected to the gas distribution module through a pipe. A mixed gas pressure sensor (20) and a mixed gas temperature sensor (21) are installed on the pipe between the mixer (19) and the gas distribution module.

4. The high-temperature variable composition gas supply system for ventilated supercavitation water tunnel experiments according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gas distribution module includes a high-temperature resistant shut-off valve (22). The output of the mixer (19) is divided into two paths. One path is connected to the high-temperature resistant shut-off valve (22) through a pipe. The output of the high-temperature resistant shut-off valve (22) is connected to the air passage of the water tunnel model through a pipe. The module also includes a water tank (25). The other path is submerged in the water tank (25) through a pipe and then splits into a first branch and a second branch. The first branch is connected to a conventional shut-off valve (23), and the second branch is connected to a safety valve (24). The outlets of the conventional shut-off valve (23) and the safety valve (24) are combined into one path through a pipe and then fed into the water tank (25).

5. The high-temperature variable composition gas supply system for supercavitation water tunnel experiments according to claim 4, characterized in that, The data acquisition module includes a data acquisition board (26). The cold end air pressure sensor (6), cold end air temperature sensor (7), cold end water pressure sensor (11), cold end water temperature sensor (12), hot end air pressure sensor (15), hot end air temperature sensor (16), hot end steam pressure sensor (17), hot end steam temperature sensor (18), mixed gas pressure sensor (20), and mixed gas temperature sensor (21) are all connected to the data acquisition board (26) via signal lines. The data acquisition board (26) is connected to a PC terminal (27) via signal lines.

6. The high-temperature variable composition gas supply system for ventilated supercavitation water tunnel experiments according to claim 5, characterized in that, Four-way connectors (31) are installed on the pipes between the outlet end of the air heating pipe (28) and the mixer (19), the pipes between the outlet end of the water heating pipe (29) and the mixer (19), and the pipes between the mixer (19) and the gas distribution module. A first-line fitting terminal (32) is installed at the inlet end of each of the three four-way connectors (31) along the flow direction, and a second-line fitting terminal (33) is installed at the outlet end of each of the three four-way connectors (31) along the flow direction. The three four-way connectors (31) are connected via the first-line fitting terminal (32) and the second-line fitting terminal (33), respectively. The terminal (33) is connected to the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe. The hot end air temperature sensor (16), the hot end steam temperature sensor (18) and the mixed gas temperature sensor (21) are respectively installed above the three four-way connectors (31) to ensure that the probe's measuring point is in the center of the flow channel of the four-way connector (31). Pressure gauge buffer tubes (34) are connected below the three four-way connectors (31). The three pressure gauge buffer tubes (34) are respectively connected to the hot end air pressure sensor (15), the hot end steam pressure sensor (17) and the mixed gas pressure sensor (20). The outer walls of the water tank (9) and the water flow meter (10) and the pipe therebetween, the water flow meter (10) and the water flow regulating valve (13) and the pipe therebetween, the water flow regulating valve (13) and the tin furnace heater (14) and the pipe therebetween, and the water heating pipe (29) are all wrapped with alumina silicate ceramic fiber needled blanket with a thickness of not less than 20 mm; the outer walls of the air heating pipe (28) and the mixer (19) and the pipe therebetween, the water heating pipe (29) and the mixer (19) and the pipe therebetween, the pipe therebetween, the water tank (25), the mixer (19) and the high temperature resistant shut-off valve (22) and the pipe therebetween, and the pipe therebetween, the high temperature resistant shut-off valve (22) and the water cave model ventilation pipe are all wrapped with alumina silicate ceramic fiber needled blanket with a thickness of not less than 50 mm.

7. The operating method of a high-temperature variable composition gas supply system, characterized in that, The high-temperature variable composition gas supply system for supercavitation water tunnel testing according to claim 6 comprises: S1. Close all valves, open the regular shut-off valve to allow gas to be discharged into the water tank to complete preheating, and start the data acquisition board and PC terminal; S2. Start the tin furnace heater, set the temperature and heat it, fill the water tank with boiling water, and run the air compressor to fill the air tank. S3. Preheat the system; preheat the ventilation pipes inside the water tunnel model; S4. Adjust the gas flow regulating valve and water flow regulating valve respectively to achieve a stable and continuous supply of gas with different components and temperatures. S5. The experiment is over.

8. The operating method of the high-temperature variable composition gas supply system according to claim 7, characterized in that, S3 specifically involves: adjusting the pressure reducing valve to the set pressure, opening the gas flow regulating valve and the water flow regulating valve respectively, so that the readings of the gas flow meter and the water flow meter reach the set values, and under the action of pressure difference, the gas and liquid two phases flow into the tin furnace heater, and finally flow into the water tank from the conventional shut-off valve side. After the readings of each temperature and pressure sensor stabilize, the system preheating process is completed; closing the gas flow regulating valve, opening the high-temperature resistant shut-off valve, closing the conventional shut-off valve, and using superheated steam to preheat the ventilation pipeline in the water tunnel model. After the sensor readings stabilize, the preheating is completed, and the conditions for water tunnel testing are met.

9. The operating method of the high-temperature variable composition gas supply system according to claim 7, characterized in that, Specifically, S4 involves: opening the data recording mode of the data acquisition module before the formal test; adjusting the gas flow regulating valve and water flow regulating valve according to the working conditions during the water tunnel test to achieve a stable and continuous supply of gases of different components and temperatures, including pure air, pure steam, and air-steam mixtures; closing the data recording mode and checking the availability of the stored data at the end of each working condition, and repeating S4 when the next working condition begins.

10. The operating method of the high-temperature variable composition gas supply system according to claim 7, characterized in that, Specifically, S5 is as follows: After all the tests are completed, turn off the tin furnace heater and air compressor, open the conventional shut-off valve and manual valve switch, close the high-temperature shut-off valve, and after the gas has completely escaped, pour out the remaining water in the water tank and let it stand to allow the tin in the tin furnace heater to cool naturally.

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