Rich-burn prechamber

Abstract

This application relates to a fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber. The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber includes a combustion chamber and a flow guiding structure. The combustion chamber has a gas inlet and a gas outlet, and the gas in the combustion chamber flows from the gas inlet to the gas outlet. The flow guiding structure is disposed within the combustion chamber and configured to guide the gas in the combustion chamber towards the inner wall of the combustion chamber. In the fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber provided by this application, fuel and oxidant are burned at the gas inlet end of the combustion chamber to form gas, which then flows towards the gas outlet end to enter subsequent mechanisms for driving a turbopump or other purposes. By providing a flow guiding structure within the combustion chamber to guide the gas in the combustion chamber towards the inner wall of the combustion chamber, the flow direction of the gas is changed, breaking the stratification phenomenon, thereby accelerating the mixing of the high-temperature gas in the central region with the low-temperature gas in the peripheral region, achieving the purpose of improving the uniformity of gas temperature at the gas outlet, and thus improving the service life and operating efficiency of the turbopump.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of rocket engine technology, and in particular to a fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber. Background Technology

[0002] The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber is one of the core components of a full-flow afterburning cycle engine. Its main function is to perform preliminary combustion in a fuel-rich environment to generate high-temperature, high-pressure gas to drive the fuel turbopump.

[0003] The working principle of a full-flow afterburning cycle engine is that a fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber and an oxygen-rich pre-combustion chamber drive a fuel turbopump and an oxygen turbopump, respectively, to deliver fuel and oxidizer in a high-pressure form to the thrust chamber for combustion and to generate thrust. The lifespan and efficiency of the turbine blades in the turbopump are determined by the output temperature, pressure, and temperature uniformity of the pre-combustion chamber, with temperature uniformity being a key focus.

[0004] However, traditional fuel-rich pre-combustion chambers suffer from incomplete combustion of fuel and oxidant, resulting in poor temperature uniformity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber, which, by setting a flow guiding structure in the combustion chamber, pushes the high-temperature gas in the middle to the low-temperature gas in the edge zone, so that the high-temperature gas and the low-temperature gas are mixed a second time, thereby improving the temperature uniformity of the gas.

[0006] This application provides a fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber, the fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber comprising:

[0007] A combustion chamber having a gas inlet and a gas outlet, wherein the gas inside the combustion chamber flows from the gas inlet to the gas outlet;

[0008] A flow guiding structure is disposed in the combustion chamber, and the flow guiding structure is configured to guide the combustion gas in the combustion chamber to flow towards the inner wall of the combustion chamber.

[0009] The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber provided in this application embodiment involves the combustion of fuel and oxidizer at the gas inlet end of the combustion chamber to form gas, which then flows towards the gas outlet end to enter subsequent mechanisms for driving a turbopump or other purposes. By setting a flow guiding structure within the combustion chamber, the gas is guided to flow towards the inner wall of the combustion chamber, changing the flow direction and breaking the stratification phenomenon. This accelerates the mixing of the high-temperature gas in the central region with the low-temperature gas in the peripheral region, thereby improving the uniformity of gas temperature at the gas outlet and thus increasing the service life and operating efficiency of the turbopump.

[0010] In some other embodiments, a flow gap is formed between the flow guiding structure and the inner wall of the combustion chamber to allow the gas to pass through, and the flow gap decreases in the direction from the gas inlet to the gas outlet.

[0011] The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber provided in this application embodiment is configured such that, during the flow of gas from the gas inlet to the gas outlet, the gas will enter the flow gap and gradually move towards the inner wall of the combustion chamber as the flow gap decreases. The stratification of gas in the flame center area and the edge area will be broken and gradually mixed.

[0012] In some other embodiments, the flow gap includes a connected mixing section and a lateral flow section, the lateral flow section being disposed on the side of the mixing section near the gas outlet; the flow gap of the mixing section decreases in the direction from the gas inlet to the gas outlet, while the flow gap of the lateral flow section remains constant.

[0013] The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber provided in this application embodiment is configured such that the mixing section guides and converges the gas, allowing the high-temperature gas and the low-temperature gas to gradually mix, while the advection section transports the gas that has reached a uniform state after mixing, so that the gas is input into the subsequent gas chamber in a relatively stable state to stably perform the driving function.

[0014] In some other embodiments, the flow guiding structure is configured as a flow guiding cone, and the outer surface of the flow guiding cone is formed with a flow guiding surface; from the gas inlet to the gas outlet, the flow guiding surface is inclined towards the inner wall of the combustion chamber.

[0015] The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber provided in this application embodiment constructs a flow guide structure as a flow guide cone, so that the outer surface of the flow guide cone forms a flow guide surface. The flow guide surface guides the gas, so that the gas gradually gathers towards the inner wall of the combustion chamber along the flow guide surface during the flow towards the gas outlet, thereby achieving the effect of gradual mixing.

[0016] In some other embodiments, the guide surface has an inclination angle β relative to the inner wall of the combustion chamber, and the inclination angle β is set to a value range of 20° to 70°.

[0017] The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber provided in this application embodiment has a good guiding effect within this value range. The size of the guiding surface in the left and right directions is also appropriate. It will not be too large, which would cause the distance from the nozzle to be too small, thus preventing the guiding structure from being burned by the flame at the nozzle outlet. At the same time, it will not be too small, which would result in the gas mixing area being too small and thus failing to achieve uniform mixing.

[0018] In some other embodiments, the outer surface of the guide cone is formed with a flow surface, which is disposed on the side of the guide surface near the gas outlet; the flow surface is parallel to the inner wall of the combustion chamber.

[0019] The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber provided in this application embodiment forms a laminar flow section with the aforementioned flow gap between the laminar flow surface and the inner wall of the combustion chamber by forming a laminar flow surface on the outer surface of the guide cone.

[0020] In some other embodiments, the length L1 of the advection surface is greater than the length L2 of the guide surface in the direction from the gas inlet to the gas outlet.

[0021] The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber provided in this application embodiment is configured such that the advection section is longer, allowing the mixed gas to flow a longer distance in the advection section, thereby achieving a better stable state of the gas.

[0022] In some other embodiments, the numerical range of the length dimension L1 is set to 15mm to 70mm; and / or, the numerical range of the length dimension L2 is set to 15mm to 70mm.

[0023] In some other embodiments, the end of the guide cone near the gas inlet is provided with a rounded corner.

[0024] The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber provided in this application embodiment makes it easier to process and manufacture the guide cone by rounding the corners of the guide cone near the gas inlet.

[0025] In some other embodiments, the guide surface is smoothly connected to the advection surface.

[0026] The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber provided in this application embodiment, by being configured in this way, allows the gas flowing along the guide surface to flow smoothly to the horizontal surface, which is beneficial to improving the flow stability of the gas. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the flow guiding structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a combustion simulation cloud diagram of a fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0031] 1. Combustion chamber; 11. Gas inlet; 12. Gas outlet; 13. Flare igniter; 14. Nozzle;

[0032] 2. Flow guiding structure; 20. Flow gap; 201. Mixing section; 202. Horizontal flow section; 21. Flow guiding surface; 22. Horizontal flow surface; 23. Rounded corner. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0034] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0035] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0036] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0038] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0039] The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber is one of the core components of a full-flow afterburning cycle engine. Its main function is to conduct preliminary combustion in a fuel-rich environment, generating high-temperature, high-pressure gas to drive the fuel turbopump. The design of this pre-combustion chamber needs to consider high-temperature heat resistance, combustion stability, and compatibility with the main combustion chamber. Because the fuel-rich environment is relatively mild, the mixture ratio, injector structure, and cooling system need to be controlled to ensure efficient operation.

[0040] The working principle of a full-flow afterburning cycle engine is that two pre-combustion chambers, one rich in fuel and the other rich in oxygen, drive a fuel turbopump and an oxygen turbopump, respectively, delivering fuel and oxidizer in high-pressure form to the thrust chamber for combustion to generate thrust. The lifespan of the turbine blades in the turbopump is determined by the output temperature, pressure, and temperature uniformity of the pre-combustion chambers. Among these, temperature uniformity is a key focus for researchers, who often dedicate significant time to optimizing structural design and conducting experiments to meet the requirements for gas temperature uniformity.

[0041] In a traditional fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber, fuel and oxidizer are injected into the chamber through nozzles and ignited using a high-temperature flare igniter. Because the turbine temperature in the fuel turbopump is required to be below 900K, the oxidizer / fuel mass ratio in the fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber is very low. This results in an excess of fuel and a deficiency of oxidizer, leading to incomplete combustion and subsequent temperature fluctuations.

[0042] The inventors of this application have discovered that in the combustion chamber of the fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber, the gas temperature in the central region of the flame near each nozzle is significantly higher than that in the edge region. Furthermore, the injection speed and direction of the high-temperature gas in the center and the low-temperature gas in the edge region are consistent. During the smooth flow of gas from the gas inlet to the gas outlet, the high-temperature gas and the low-temperature gas will remain in a partitioned state, making it difficult to mix evenly, resulting in poor temperature uniformity in the combustion chamber.

[0043] Based on the above considerations, this application provides a fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber. By setting a flow guiding structure in the combustion chamber, the gas in the combustion chamber is guided to flow towards the inner wall of the combustion chamber, thereby changing the flow direction of the gas, breaking the stratification phenomenon, and accelerating the mixing of high-temperature gas in the central region with low-temperature gas in the peripheral region, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the uniformity of gas temperature at the gas outlet.

[0044] The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber provided in the embodiments of this application will now be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0045] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the flow guiding structure 2 provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0046] This application provides a fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber, which includes a combustion chamber 1 and a flow guiding structure 2. The combustion chamber 1 has a gas inlet 11 and a gas outlet 12, and the gas in the combustion chamber 1 flows from the gas inlet 11 to the gas outlet 12. The flow guiding structure 2 is disposed in the combustion chamber 1 and is configured to guide the gas in the combustion chamber 1 to flow towards the inner wall of the combustion chamber 1.

[0047] The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber provided in this application embodiment allows fuel and oxidant to burn at one end of the combustion chamber 1 (gas inlet 11) to form gas, which then flows towards the gas outlet 12 to enter subsequent mechanisms for driving a turbopump or other purposes. By providing a flow guiding structure 2 within the combustion chamber 1, the gas flow is directed towards the inner wall of the combustion chamber 1, changing the gas flow direction and breaking the stratification phenomenon. This accelerates the mixing of the high-temperature gas in the central region with the low-temperature gas in the peripheral region, thereby improving the uniformity of gas temperature at the gas outlet 12 and ultimately increasing the service life and operating efficiency of the turbopump.

[0048] In some embodiments, a flare igniter 13 and a nozzle 14 are provided at one end of the gas inlet 11 of the combustion chamber 1. Fuel and oxidant are injected into the combustion chamber 1 through the nozzle 14, and the fuel and oxidant are ignited by the flare igniter 13.

[0049] Optionally, the gas inlet 11 and the gas outlet 12 are respectively located at opposite ends of the combustion chamber 1, as shown in the following figure. Figure 1 As shown, the gas inlet 11 is located at the left end of the combustion chamber 1, and the gas outlet 12 is located at the right end of the combustion chamber 1. The nozzle 14 faces right and injects fuel and oxidizer to the right. The flare igniter 13 is located at the center of the left end face of the combustion chamber 1.

[0050] In some embodiments, the combustion chamber 1 is configured as a cylinder with its central axis extending to the left and right.

[0051] In some embodiments, a flow gap 20 is formed between the flow guide structure 2 and the inner wall of the combustion chamber 1 to allow gas to pass through. The flow gap 20 decreases in size from the gas inlet 11 to the gas outlet 12. With this arrangement, as the gas flows from the gas inlet 11 to the gas outlet 12, it will enter the flow gap 20 and gradually move towards the inner wall of the combustion chamber 1 as the flow gap 20 decreases. The stratification of the gas in the flame center region and the edge region will be broken and gradually mixed.

[0052] In some embodiments, the flow gap 20 includes a connected mixing section 201 and a lateral flow section 202, with the lateral flow section 202 located on the side of the mixing section 201 near the gas outlet 12. From the gas inlet 11 to the gas outlet 12, the flow gap 20 of the mixing section 201 decreases in size, while the flow gap 20 of the lateral flow section 202 remains constant. With this arrangement, the mixing section 201 guides and converges the gas, allowing the high-temperature gas and low-temperature gas to gradually mix, while the lateral flow section 202 transports the homogeneous gas, ensuring a relatively stable input of the gas into the subsequent gas chamber for stable driving function.

[0053] In some embodiments, the flow guiding structure 2 is constructed as a flow guiding cone, and a flow guiding surface 21 is formed on the outer surface of the flow guiding cone. From the gas inlet 11 to the gas outlet 12, the flow guiding surface 21 is inclined towards the inner wall of the combustion chamber 1. A mixing section 201, the aforementioned flow gap 20, is formed between the flow guiding surface 21 and the inner wall of the combustion chamber 1. By constructing the flow guiding structure 2 as a flow guiding cone, and forming the flow guiding surface 21 on the outer surface of the flow guiding cone, the flow guiding surface 21 guides the gas, causing the gas to gradually converge towards the inner wall of the combustion chamber 1 along the flow guiding surface 21 as it flows towards the gas outlet 12, achieving a gradual mixing effect.

[0054] In some embodiments, the guide surface 21 has an inclination angle β relative to the inner wall of the combustion chamber 1, and the value range of the inclination angle β is set to 20°~70°. Within this value range, the guide surface 21 can play a good guiding role, and the size of the guide surface 21 in the left and right direction is more suitable. It will not be too large, resulting in an excessively small distance from the nozzle 14, thus preventing the guide structure 2 from being burned by the flame at the nozzle 14 outlet; nor will it be too small, resulting in an insufficiently small gas mixing area, thus failing to achieve uniform mixing.

[0055] Understandably, given a fixed inner diameter of combustion chamber 1, the outer diameter of the flow guide structure 2 is essentially fixed. In this case, the larger the tilt angle β of the flow guide surface 21, the smaller the length of the flow guide surface 21 in the left-right direction, resulting in a shorter flow path for the gas along the flow guide surface 21 and a greater likelihood of uneven mixing. Conversely, the larger the length of the flow guide surface 21 in the left-right direction, the shorter the flow path for the gas along the flow guide surface 21, resulting in more uniform mixing. However, the distance between the flow guide surface 21 and the nozzle 14 will also be smaller, making it more susceptible to erosion by the flame exiting the nozzle 14. Therefore, the tilt angle β needs to be set within a suitable range. Theoretical calculations and experimental verification show that a tilt angle β within the range of 20° to 70° can simultaneously ensure both uniform gas mixing and protection of the flow guide structure 2.

[0056] For example, the tilt angle β can be set to 20°, 30°, 40°, 50°, 60°, 70°, etc., or any other value within the range of 20° to 70°.

[0057] In some embodiments, a flow surface 22 is formed on the outer surface of the guide cone, and the flow surface 22 is disposed on the side of the guide surface 21 near the gas outlet 12; the flow surface 22 is parallel to the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 1. Wherein, the flow section 202 of the aforementioned flow gap 20 is formed between the flow surface 22 and the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 1.

[0058] Optionally, a gap W is maintained between the advection surface 22 and the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 1, and the value of the gap W is set to the range of 0.5mm to 2.0mm. For example, the gap W can be set to 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, etc., and of course, it can also be set to any other value within the range of 0.5mm to 2.0mm.

[0059] In some embodiments, the length L1 of the advection surface 22 is greater than the length L2 of the guide surface 21 in the direction from the gas inlet 11 to the gas outlet 12 (i.e., the left-right direction in the figure). This arrangement makes the advection section 202 longer, allowing the mixed gas to flow a longer distance in the advection section 202, thereby achieving a better stable state of the gas.

[0060] In some embodiments, the numerical range of the length dimension L1 is set to 15mm to 70mm; and / or, the numerical range of the length dimension L2 is set to 15mm to 70mm.

[0061] For example, the length dimension L1 can be set to 15mm, 20mm, 25mm, 30mm, 35mm, 40mm, 45mm, 50mm, 55mm, 60mm, 65mm, 70mm, etc., or any other value within the range of 15mm to 70mm.

[0062] The length dimension L2 can be set to 15mm, 20mm, 25mm, 30mm, 35mm, 40mm, 45mm, 50mm, 55mm, 60mm, 65mm, 70mm, etc., or any other value within the range of 15mm to 70mm.

[0063] In some embodiments, the end of the guide cone near the gas inlet 11 is provided with a rounded corner 23. By rounding the end of the guide cone near the gas inlet 11, it is easier to process and manufacture the guide cone.

[0064] In some embodiments, the guide surface 21 and the advection surface 22 are smoothly connected. This arrangement allows the gas flowing along the guide surface 21 to flow smoothly to the advection surface 22, which helps to improve the flow stability of the gas.

[0065] In some embodiments, the guide cone is constructed as a hollow structure to reduce the weight of the guide cone without affecting the formation of the guide surface 21 and the flow surface 22 on its outer surface.

[0066] In some embodiments, the guide cone is concentrically arranged with the combustion chamber 1, and the gap W between the guide cone and the combustion chamber 1 is kept consistent at the same position in the left and right directions, so that the gas is evenly discharged from the periphery of the guide cone.

[0067] In some embodiments, the guide cone is connected to the inner wall of the combustion chamber 1 to fix the guide cone. Optionally, the guide cone and the combustion chamber 1 can be configured as an integral structure, or connected and fixed by welding.

[0068] In some embodiments, a cooling structure is also provided on the combustion chamber 1. The combustion chamber 1 is provided with methane cooling holes. The cooling structure fills the combustion chamber 1 with liquid methane through the methane cooling holes to cool the combustion chamber 1 and provide cooling protection for the combustion chamber 1. This reduces the temperature resistance requirements of the materials in the combustion chamber 1, significantly reduces the design difficulty and improves the reliability of the product.

[0069] Typically, cooling structures increase the temperature non-uniformity of the combustion gas in combustion chamber 1. However, by adopting the technical solution of setting the flow guiding structure 2 in this application, the requirement for temperature uniformity can be met while setting the cooling structure.

[0070] The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber provided in this embodiment includes a combustion chamber 1 and a flow guiding structure 2. The combustion chamber 1 has a gas inlet 11 and a gas outlet 12. A flare igniter 13 and a nozzle 14 are provided at one end of the gas inlet 11 of the combustion chamber 1. Fuel and oxidant are injected into the combustion chamber 1 through the nozzle 14, and the fuel and oxidant are ignited by the flare igniter 13. The gas in the combustion chamber 1 flows from the gas inlet 11 to the gas outlet 12. The flow guiding structure 2 is disposed in the combustion chamber 1 and is constructed as a flow guiding cone. The outer surface of the flow guiding cone forms a flow guiding surface 21 and a horizontal flow surface 22. The flow guiding surface 21 has an inclination angle β relative to the inner wall of the combustion chamber 1, so as to guide the gas in the combustion chamber 1 to flow towards the inner wall of the combustion chamber 1 through the inclined flow guiding surface 21, and then discharge along the gap between the horizontal flow surface 22 and the inner wall of the combustion chamber 1. Fuel and oxidizer are injected into the combustion chamber 1 through nozzle 14, and ignited by flare igniter 13. The resulting combustion gas flows towards the gas outlet 12 to enter subsequent mechanisms for driving the turbopump or other purposes. A flow guide structure 2 is installed within the combustion chamber 1, causing the gas to gradually converge towards the inner wall of the combustion chamber 1 along the guide surface 21. This changes the gas flow direction, breaks up stratification, and accelerates the mixing of the high-temperature gas in the central region with the low-temperature gas in the peripheral region, thereby improving the uniformity of gas temperature. The uniformly mixed gas is discharged through the horizontal flow surface 22, allowing it to be input into subsequent gas chambers in a relatively stable state, ensuring stable driving function and improving the service life and efficiency of the turbopump.

[0071] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a combustion simulation cloud diagram of the fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber provided in one embodiment of this application. The influence of the cooling structure was considered during the simulation. The simulation results show that, at gas outlet 12, the temperature deviation of the fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber provided in this embodiment is 25.6K, and the non-uniformity is 0.068, which is far less than the technical requirement of 0.1 for temperature non-uniformity in actual engineering.

[0072] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0073] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber, characterized in that, The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber includes: The combustion chamber (1) has a gas inlet (11) and a gas outlet (12), and the gas in the combustion chamber (1) flows from the gas inlet (11) to the gas outlet (12); A flow guiding structure (2) is disposed in the combustion chamber (1), and the flow guiding structure (2) is configured to guide the gas in the combustion chamber (1) to flow toward the inner wall of the combustion chamber (1).

2. The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guide structure (2) forms a flow gap (20) between itself and the inner wall of the combustion chamber (1) for the gas to pass through. The flow gap (20) decreases in the direction from the gas inlet (11) to the gas outlet (12).

3. The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flow gap (20) includes a connected mixing section (201) and a horizontal section (202). The horizontal section (202) is located on the side of the mixing section (201) near the gas outlet (12). From the gas inlet (11) to the gas outlet (12), the flow gap (20) of the mixing section (201) tends to decrease, while the flow gap (20) of the horizontal section (202) remains constant.

4. The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guiding structure (2) is constructed as a flow guiding cone, and a flow guiding surface (21) is formed on the outer surface of the flow guiding cone; from the gas inlet (11) to the gas outlet (12), the flow guiding surface (21) is inclined toward the inner wall of the combustion chamber (1).

5. The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that, The guide surface (21) has an inclination angle β relative to the inner wall of the combustion chamber (1), and the numerical range of the inclination angle β is set to 20°~70°.

6. The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer surface of the guide cone is formed with a flow surface (22), and the flow surface (22) is disposed on the side of the guide surface (21) near the gas outlet (12); The advection surface (22) is parallel to the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber (1).

7. The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber according to claim 6, characterized in that, Along the direction from the gas inlet (11) to the gas outlet (12), the length dimension L1 of the advection surface (22) is greater than the length dimension L2 of the guide surface (21).

8. The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber according to claim 7, characterized in that, The numerical range of the length dimension L1 is set to 15mm~70mm; and / or, the numerical range of the length dimension L2 is set to 15mm~70mm.

9. The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that, The guide cone has a rounded corner (23) at one end near the gas inlet (11).

10. The fuel-rich pre-combustion chamber according to claim 6, characterized in that, The guide surface (21) is smoothly connected to the advection surface (22).

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