An explosion-proof support adjusting device for a schlieren observation system and a control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an explosion-proof support adjusting device for a schlieren observation system and a control method thereof, relates to the technical field of optical observation equipment for wind tunnel experiments, and can provide a schlieren system support adjusting device which simultaneously satisfies multi-degree-of-freedom precise adjustment, large-range high-precision movement, explosion-proof adaptability and high-rigidity stability. The device comprises a support bottom plate, an intermediate connecting plate, an optical fixing table top for fixing and mounting optical elements of the schlieren observation system, a limiting lever torsion assembly for connecting the intermediate connecting plate and the support bottom plate and restricting the relative movement therebetween, wherein the hinge points of the limiting lever torsion assembly are connected by rolling friction pairs, a driving assembly comprising at least two driving units, the driving units being used for driving the intermediate connecting plate to perform lifting movement and pitching movement relative to the support bottom plate, a fine adjustment assembly used for driving the optical fixing table top to perform translational adjustment and yawing adjustment relative to the intermediate connecting plate, and a moving assembly used for driving the whole device to move along a preset track.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wind tunnel experimental optical observation equipment technology, and in particular to an explosion-proof support adjustment device and its control method for a schlieren observation system. Background Technology

[0002] Schlieren observation systems are the primary means of visualizing flow fields in wind tunnel experiments. The light source and imaging ends are located on opposite sides of the wind tunnel test section, requiring precise adjustment of four degrees of freedom—horizontal translation, vertical lifting, pitch angle, and yaw angle—through a support and adjustment mechanism to ensure accurate alignment of the optical paths at both ends. To save space, the entire schlieren system must be moved to a non-observation area when not in use, typically a distance of over 20 meters. Advanced wind tunnels may use flammable and explosive gases such as hydrogen during operation, posing a risk of gas leakage in emergencies. Therefore, the support and adjustment mechanism of the schlieren system deployed on-site must meet explosion-proof requirements, and all transmission components must not generate heat or sparks sufficient to ignite flammable and explosive gases during operation.

[0003] Existing schlieren systems, while capable of translation, lifting, yaw, and pitch adjustments, employ a sliding friction compensation structure, which is prone to heat buildup and fails to meet explosion-proof requirements. Their lifting mechanisms utilize a dual-motor, dual-screw drive structure, which is susceptible to synchronization deviations and jamming over long-term use. Furthermore, their movement mechanisms, using smooth steel wheels on smooth guide rails, are prone to slippage during acceleration and deceleration, leading to position measurement errors. Alternatively, current schlieren support systems only offer horizontal sliding and tilting functions, lacking lifting and pitch adjustment capabilities, and their movement mechanisms rely on casters, making large-scale precision positioning impossible.

[0004] Therefore, the lack of a schlieren system support and adjustment mechanism in the existing technology that can simultaneously meet the requirements of multi-degree-of-freedom precision adjustment, large-range high-precision movement, explosion-proof adaptability, and high rigidity and stability is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in the design of support and adjustment mechanisms for large-scale schlieren observation systems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an explosion-proof support adjustment device and its control method for a schlieren observation system, which can provide a schlieren system support adjustment device that simultaneously meets the requirements of multi-degree-of-freedom precision adjustment, large-range high-precision movement, explosion-proof adaptability, and high stiffness and stability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: A first aspect of this application provides an explosion-proof support adjustment device for a schlieren observation system, the device comprising: Support base plate (7); The intermediate connecting plate (6) is located on the supporting base plate (7); An optical mounting platform (5) is located on the intermediate connecting plate and is used to fix and install the optical components of the schlieren observation system; The limiting and torsion-resisting assembly (1) is disposed between the intermediate connecting plate (6) and the supporting base plate (7) to connect the intermediate connecting plate (6) and the supporting base plate (7) and constrain the relative movement between them. The hinge points of the limiting and torsion-resisting assembly (1) are all connected by rolling friction pairs. The drive assembly includes at least two drive units, the upper end of which is connected to the intermediate connecting plate (6) and the lower end of which is connected to the support base plate (7), for driving the intermediate connecting plate (6) to perform lifting and pitching movements relative to the support base plate (7); The fine-tuning component (4) is disposed between the optical fixed stage (5) and the intermediate connecting plate (6) for driving the optical fixed stage (5) to perform translation and yaw adjustment relative to the intermediate connecting plate (6); The moving component (3) is located at the bottom of the supporting base plate (7) and is used to drive the entire device to move along a preset track.

[0007] In one embodiment, the limiting torsion-resisting assembly (1) includes a limiting link assembly (11) and a torsion-resisting link assembly (12). The limiting link assembly (11), together with the intermediate connecting plate (6) and the supporting base plate (7), constitute a four-bar linkage mechanism. The torsion-resistant link assembly (12) is a two-bar structure, and the hinge points of the limiting link assembly (11) and the torsion-resistant link assembly (12) are connected by rolling bearings.

[0008] In one embodiment, the limiting link assembly (11) includes limiting link one (111), limiting link two (112) and limiting link three (113). The top of the limiting link (111) is hinged to the intermediate connecting plate (6) through the limiting rotation assembly (114); One end of the second limiting link (112) and one end of the third limiting link (113) are respectively hinged to the middle and bottom of the first limiting link (111) through the second limiting rotation assembly (115) and the third limiting rotation assembly (116); The other end of the limiting link two (112) is hinged to the supporting base plate (7) through the limiting rotation assembly five (118); The other end of the limiting link three (113) is hinged to the supporting base plate (7) through the limiting rotation assembly four (117).

[0009] In one embodiment, the torsion-resistant link assembly (12) includes a torsion-resistant link one (121) and a torsion-resistant link two (122). The upper part of the first torsion-carrying link (121) is hinged to the intermediate connecting plate (6) through the first torsion-carrying component (123), and the lower part is hinged to the upper end of the second limiting link (112) through the second torsion-carrying component (124). The lower end of the limiting link 2 (112) is hinged to the supporting base plate (7) through the torsion-lifting assembly 3 (125).

[0010] In one embodiment, each of the drive units includes: an explosion-proof electric cylinder assembly (2); The explosion-proof electric cylinder assembly (2) includes a front electric cylinder assembly (22) and a rear electric cylinder assembly (21). The upper ends of the front electric cylinder assembly (22) and the rear electric cylinder assembly (21) are respectively hinged to the intermediate connecting plate (6), and the lower ends of the front electric cylinder assembly (22) and the rear electric cylinder assembly (21) are respectively hinged to the supporting base plate (7).

[0011] In one embodiment, the fine-tuning component includes a front-end fine-tuning component (41) and a back-end fine-tuning component (42). The front-end fine-tuning component (41) includes a front-end drive explosion-proof motor (411), a front-end lead screw (413), a front-end linear guide (414), a front-end slider (415), a front-end fine-tuning connector (416), a front-end turntable bearing (417), and a front-end fine-tuning base (418). The front-end drive explosion-proof motor (411) is connected to the front-end lead screw (413) through the front-end coupling (412), and the front-end lead screw (413) is threadedly connected to the front-end lead screw nut (419) fixed on the front-end fine-tuning and limit torsion-resisting assembly seat (416). The front slider (415) is a ball-type slider, which is fixed on the front fine-tuning connector (416) and slidably connected to the front linear guide (414). The front linear guide (414) is fixed on the front fine-tuning base (418). The front-end fine-tuning connector (416) is connected to the optical fixed platform (5) via the front-end turntable bearing (417).

[0012] In one embodiment, the rear fine-tuning component (42) includes a rear linear guide rail one (421), a rear slider one (422), a rear drive explosion-proof motor (423), a rear lead screw (425), a rear fine-tuning connecting seat (426), a rear turntable bearing (427), a rear linear guide rail two (428), a rear slider two (429), and a rear fine-tuning base (4211). The rear linear guide rail (421) is fixed on the intermediate connecting plate (6), and its axis is perpendicular to the axis of the ground guide rail (8). The rear slider (422) is slidably connected to the rear linear guide (421) and fixedly connected to the rear fine-tuning base (4211); The rear-end drive explosion-proof motor (423) is fixed on the rear-end fine-tuning base (4211) and connected to the rear-end lead screw (425) through the rear-end coupling (424); The rear linear guide rail (428) is fixed on the rear fine-tuning base (4211), and its axis is parallel to the axis of the ground guide rail (8). The second rear slider (429) is fixed on the second rear fine-tuning connector (426) and slidably connected to the second rear linear guide (428); The rear lead screw (425) is threadedly connected to the rear lead screw nut (4212) fixed on the rear fine-tuning connector (426); The rear fine-tuning connector (426) is connected to the optical fixed platform (5) via the rear turntable bearing (427).

[0013] In one embodiment, the moving component (3) includes: a driving wheel (31), a driven wheel (38), and an explosion-proof encoder (37). The drive wheel (31) is driven by an explosion-proof motor (34), and the explosion-proof encoder (37) is mounted on the driven wheel (38) or linked with the driven wheel (38) to detect the moving distance in real time. The moving component (3) also includes a commutator (32), a drive shaft (33), a reducer (35), and a measuring wheel (36). The explosion-proof motor (34) is connected to the reducer (35), and the reducer (35) is connected to the drive wheel (31) through the drive shaft (33) and the commutator (32); The driving wheel (31) is made of polyurethane material, and the driven wheel (38) is made of metal material; The explosion-proof encoder (37) is mounted on the measuring wheel (36), and the measuring wheel (36) is coaxially mounted with the driven wheel (38) or rolls in contact with the driven wheel (38).

[0014] A second aspect of this application provides a control method for an explosion-proof support adjustment device for a schlieren observation system, applied to the explosion-proof support adjustment device for a schlieren observation system described in the first aspect of this application, the method comprising: The coarse translation motion mode includes: starting the explosion-proof motor (34), driving the drive wheel (31) to move the entire device along the ground guide rail (8) to the vicinity of the designated position, calculating the moving distance through the signal fed back by the explosion-proof encoder (37), and realizing coarse translation adjustment of a large range of positions; The lifting motion module includes: controlling at least two drive units in the drive assembly to extend and retract synchronously, driving the intermediate connecting plate (6) to lift and lower relative to the support base plate (7), thereby realizing the lifting and lowering adjustment of the optical fixed platform (5); Executing the pitch motion mode includes: controlling at least two drive units in the drive assembly to extend and retract at different speeds or with different strokes, driving the intermediate connecting plate (6) to pitch relative to the support base plate (7), thereby achieving pitch angle adjustment of the optical fixed platform (5); The execution of the yaw motion mode includes: controlling at least one fine adjustment unit in the fine adjustment assembly to work, driving the output end of the fine adjustment unit to move in a direction parallel to the ground guide rail (8), while the fine adjustment unit performs follow-up compensation in a direction perpendicular to the ground guide rail (8), thereby realizing the adjustment of the yaw angle of the optical fixed platform (5). The translational motion mode includes: controlling at least two fine-tuning units in the fine-tuning assembly to work synchronously according to the displacement parameters fed back by the explosion-proof encoder (37), driving the output end of each fine-tuning unit to move synchronously along the direction parallel to the ground guide rail (8), so as to realize the precise translational adjustment of the optical fixed platform (5) along the direction of the ground guide rail (8) while keeping the yaw angle unchanged.

[0015] In one embodiment, the coarse translation motion mode, the lifting motion mode, the pitch motion mode, the yaw motion mode, and the translation motion mode can be executed in combination, or any one of the modes can be executed individually.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in this application include at least the following: This application provides an explosion-proof support adjustment device for a schlieren observation system. The device includes: a support base plate (7); an intermediate connecting plate (6) located on the support base plate (7); an optical fixing platform (5) located on the intermediate connecting plate for fixing and installing optical elements of the schlieren observation system; and a limiting and torsion-resisting assembly (1) disposed between the intermediate connecting plate (6) and the support base plate (7) for connecting the intermediate connecting plate (6) and the support base plate (7) and constraining the relative movement between them. The hinge points of the limiting and torsion-resisting assembly (1) are all connected by rolling friction pairs; The moving component includes at least two driving units. The upper end of the driving unit is connected to the intermediate connecting plate (6), and the lower end of the driving unit is connected to the supporting base plate (7). It is used to drive the intermediate connecting plate (6) to perform lifting and pitching movements relative to the supporting base plate (7). The fine-tuning component (4) is set between the optical fixed platform (5) and the intermediate connecting plate (6). It is used to drive the optical fixed platform (5) to perform translation and yaw adjustments relative to the intermediate connecting plate (6). The moving component (3) is set at the bottom of the supporting base plate (7). It is used to drive the entire device to move along a preset track.

[0017] In this application, all hinge points of the limiting and torsion-resisting assembly (1) are connected by rolling friction pairs. By replacing sliding friction with rolling friction at all hinge points of the mechanism, the generation and accumulation of frictional heat are fundamentally avoided, eliminating the risk of igniting flammable and explosive gases.

[0018] In addition, the drive assembly of this application includes at least two drive units for driving the load-bearing component to perform lifting and pitching movements relative to the base component, and the fine-tuning assembly includes at least two fine-tuning units for driving the load-bearing component to perform translational and yaw adjustments relative to the limit torque assembly (1).

[0019] Furthermore, through the coordinated operation of the drive component and the fine-tuning component, this application integrates the precision adjustment functions of four degrees of freedom—horizontal translation, vertical lifting, pitch angle, and yaw angle—into a single mechanism. Each degree of freedom can be controlled independently without interfering with each other, thus meeting the core requirements of large-scale schlieren observation systems for multi-degree-of-freedom and high-precision optical path alignment. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an explosion-proof support adjustment device for a schlieren observation system provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2 A front view of an explosion-proof support adjustment device for a schlieren observation system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of an explosion-proof support adjustment device for a schlieren observation system provided in this application embodiment; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mobile component 3 provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a front-end fine-tuning component 41 provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a backend fine-tuning component 42 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure label: 1-Limiting and torsion-resisting assembly, 11-Limiting link assembly, 111-Limiting link one, 112-Limiting link two, 113-Limiting link three, 114-Limiting rotation assembly one, 115-Limiting rotation assembly two, 116-Limiting rotation assembly three, 117-Limiting rotation assembly four, 118-Limiting rotation assembly five, 1181-Rotating end cap, 1182-Rolling bearing, 1183-Rotating shaft, 12-Limiting and torsion-resisting link assembly, 121-Limiting and torsion-resisting link one, 122-Limiting and torsion-resisting link two, 123-Limiting and torsion-resisting assembly one, 124-Limiting and torsion-resisting assembly two, 125-Limiting and torsion-resisting assembly three; 2-Explosion-proof electric cylinder assembly, 21-Rear electric cylinder assembly, 211-Rear electric cylinder rotating assembly one, 212-Rear electric cylinder, 213-Rear electric cylinder rotating assembly three, 22-Front-end electric cylinder assembly; 3-Moving component, 31-Driving wheel, 32-Commutator, 33-Drive shaft, 34-Explosion-proof motor, 35-Reducer, 36-Measuring wheel, 37-Explosion-proof encoder, 38-Driven wheel; 4-Fine-tuning assembly, 41-Front-end fine-tuning assembly, 411-Front-end drive explosion-proof motor, 412-Front-end coupling, 413-Front-end lead screw, 414-Front-end linear guide, 415-Front-end slider, 416-Front-end fine-tuning connecting seat, 417-Front-end turntable bearing, 418-Front-end fine-tuning base, 419-Front-end lead screw nut, 42-Rear-end fine-tuning assembly, 421-Rear-end linear guide one, 422-Rear-end slider one, 423-Rear-end drive explosion-proof motor, 424-Rear-end coupling, 425-Rear-end lead screw, 426-Rear-end fine-tuning connecting seat, 427-Rear-end turntable bearing, 428-Rear-end linear guide two, 429-Rear-end slider two, 4211-Rear-end fine-tuning base, 4212-Rear-end lead screw nut; 5-Optical fixed platform, 6-Intermediate connecting plate, 7-Supporting base plate, 8-Ground guide rail, 9-Ground. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of embodiments of this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0024] In addition, the use of “based on” or “according to” implies openness and inclusivity, because processes, steps, calculations or other actions “based on” or “according to” one or more conditions or values ​​can in practice be based on additional conditions or values ​​beyond those conditions.

[0025] This application provides an explosion-proof support adjustment device for a schlieren observation system, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the device includes: Support plate 7; The intermediate connecting plate 6 is located on the supporting base plate 7; Optical mounting platform 5, located on the intermediate connecting plate, is used to fix and install the optical components of the schlieren observation system; The limiting and torsion-resisting assembly 1 is disposed between the intermediate connecting plate 6 and the supporting base plate 7, and is used to connect the intermediate connecting plate 6 and the supporting base plate 7 and constrain the relative movement between them. The hinge points of the limiting and torsion-resisting assembly are all connected by rolling friction pairs. The drive assembly includes at least two drive units, the upper end of which is connected to the intermediate connecting plate 6 and the lower end of which is connected to the support base plate 7, for driving the intermediate connecting plate 6 to perform lifting and pitching movements relative to the support base plate 7. The fine-tuning component 4 is disposed between the optical fixing stage 5 and the intermediate connecting plate 6, and is used to drive the optical fixing stage 5 to perform translational and yaw adjustments relative to the intermediate connecting plate 6. The moving component 3 is located at the bottom of the supporting base plate 7 and is used to drive the entire device to move along a preset track.

[0026] like Figure 1As shown, the explosion-proof support adjustment device for a schlieren observation system provided in this application mainly includes a limiting torsion-lifting assembly 1, an explosion-proof electric cylinder assembly 2, a moving assembly 3, a fine-tuning assembly 4, an optical fixing platform 5, an intermediate connecting plate 6, a support base plate 7, a ground guide rail 8, and a ground surface 9. The lower end of the optical fixing platform 5 is fixedly connected to the intermediate connecting plate 6 via the fine-tuning assembly 4. The intermediate connecting plate 6 is hinged to the limiting torsion-lifting assembly 1, the explosion-proof electric cylinder assembly 2, and the support base plate 7. The support base plate 7 has a moving assembly 3 at its bottom, which is placed on the ground guide rail 8. The ground guide rail 8 is embedded in the ground surface 9, and its axis is perpendicular to the movement direction of the limiting torsion-lifting assembly 1 and is always parallel to the plane where the optical fixing platform 5 is located.

[0027] In other words, the movable component 3 is located at the very bottom of the entire explosion-proof support and adjustment device, used to drive the entire device to move a wide range along a preset track. The support base plate 7 is located above the movable component 3, serving as the basic load-bearing platform for the entire device, providing stable support for all components above. The intermediate connecting plate 6 is located above the support base plate 7, with a limit-positioning torsion assembly 1 and a drive assembly between them. The limit-positioning torsion assembly 1 connects the intermediate connecting plate 6 and the support base plate 7, and constrains the relative movement between them. All hinge points of the limit-positioning torsion assembly 1 are connected using rolling friction pairs to avoid heat and sparks generated by friction, meeting explosion-proof requirements. The drive assembly includes at least two drive units, each connected to the intermediate connecting plate 6 at its upper end and to the support base plate 7 at its lower end. Through synchronous or differential extension and retraction of the drive units, the intermediate connecting plate 6 can achieve lifting and pitching movements relative to the support base plate 7. The optical fixing platform 5 is located above the intermediate connecting plate 6, used to fix and install the optical components of the schlieren observation system. The fine-tuning component 4 is located between the optical fixed stage 5 and the intermediate connecting plate 6, and is used to drive the optical fixed stage 5 to perform translation and yaw adjustment relative to the intermediate connecting plate 6.

[0028] Through the coordinated operation of the above-mentioned levels, the device can achieve precise adjustment of the optical fixed platform 5 in four degrees of freedom: lifting, pitching, translation, and yaw, while meeting the requirements for explosion-proof safety and large-range movement.

[0029] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the limiting and torsion-resisting assembly 1 includes a limiting link assembly 11 and a torsion-resisting link assembly 12; The limiting link assembly 11, together with the intermediate connecting plate 6 and the supporting base plate 7, constitutes a four-bar linkage mechanism. The torsion-resistant link assembly 12 is a two-bar structure, and the hinge points of the limiting link assembly 11 and the torsion-resistant link assembly 12 are both connected by rolling bearings.

[0030] It is understood that the limiting linkage assembly 11, the intermediate connecting plate 6, and the supporting base plate 7 together constitute a four-bar linkage. This four-bar linkage utilizes the characteristic that its end-effector trajectory is approximately linear within a certain range to constrain the movement of the intermediate connecting plate 6 relative to the supporting base plate 7 in an approximately vertical direction, while simultaneously providing anti-torsional function to prevent the intermediate connecting plate 6 from spinning. The anti-torsional linkage assembly 12 adopts a two-bar structure and works in conjunction with the limiting linkage assembly 11 to further enhance the torsional stiffness of the entire mechanism and improve the stability of the movement of the intermediate connecting plate 6.

[0031] In addition, all hinge points of the limiting link assembly 11 and the torsion-resistant link assembly 12 are connected by rolling bearings, replacing sliding friction with rolling friction to avoid heat accumulation or sparks caused by friction, thereby meeting the explosion-proof safety requirements.

[0032] In one embodiment, the limiting link assembly 11 includes a first limiting link 111, a second limiting link 112, and a third limiting link 113; The top of the first limiting link 111 is hinged to the intermediate connecting plate 6 via the first limiting rotation assembly 114; one end of the second limiting link 112 and one end of the third limiting link 113 are respectively hinged to the middle and bottom of the first limiting link 111 via the second limiting rotation assembly 115 and the third limiting rotation assembly 116; the other end of the second limiting link 112 is hinged to the supporting base plate 7 via the fifth limiting rotation assembly 118; the other end of the third limiting link 113 is hinged to the supporting base plate 7 via the fourth limiting rotation assembly 117.

[0033] Specifically, all rotating components of the limit torsion assembly 1 and the explosion-proof electric cylinder assembly 2 adopt the same structural form. Taking the limit rotation assembly 518 as an example, this will be explained. Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the limit rotation assembly 5118. (See diagram below.) Figure 3 As shown, the limiting rotation assembly 118 mainly includes a rotating end cover 1181, a rolling bearing 1182, and a rotating shaft 1183. The rotating shaft 1183 is fixedly connected to the limiting connecting rod 112 in the middle, and its two ends are hinged to the supporting base plate 7 via the rolling bearings 1182. The rotating end covers 1181 at both ends limit the rolling bearings 1182. Therefore, all hinged positions use a rolling connection method, reducing the possibility of heat accumulation, preventing the ignition of flammable and explosive gases that may be present on site, and improving the safety of equipment operation.

[0034] The hinge relationships between the three connecting rods and the intermediate connecting plate 6 and the supporting base plate 7 are as follows: the top of the limiting connecting rod 111 is hinged to the intermediate connecting plate 6 through the limiting rotation assembly 114, forming a movable end point of the four-bar linkage. One end of the limiting connecting rod 112 and one end of the limiting connecting rod 113 are respectively hinged to the middle and bottom of the limiting connecting rod 111 through the limiting rotation assembly 215 and the limiting rotation assembly 316, that is, both the limiting connecting rod 111 and the limiting connecting rod 112 use the limiting connecting rod 111 as the connecting carrier. The other end of the limiting connecting rod 112 is hinged to the supporting base plate 7 through the limiting rotation assembly 518. The other end of the limiting connecting rod 113 is hinged to the supporting base plate 7 through the limiting rotation assembly 417.

[0035] Through the above connection method, limiting link 111, limiting link 212, limiting link 313, together with intermediate connecting plate 6 and supporting base plate 7, constitute a planar four-bar linkage. This mechanism utilizes the characteristic that the motion trajectory of the four-bar linkage ends is approximately linear within a certain range to constrain the motion of the hinge point limiting rotation component 114 on intermediate connecting plate 6 to the approximately vertical direction, thereby guiding intermediate connecting plate 6 to smoothly rise and fall relative to supporting base plate 7, while effectively resisting torsional motion.

[0036] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the torsion-resistant link assembly 12 includes a torsion-resistant link one 121 and a torsion-resistant link two 122; The upper part of the torsion-carrying connecting rod 121 is hinged to the intermediate connecting plate 6 via the torsion-carrying actuation assembly 123, and the lower part is hinged to the upper end of the limiting connecting rod 112 via the torsion-carrying actuation assembly 124; the lower end of the limiting connecting rod 112 is hinged to the supporting base plate 7 via the torsion-carrying actuation assembly 125.

[0037] Understandably, the upper part of the torsion-carrying connecting rod 121 is hinged to the intermediate connecting plate 6 via the torsion-carrying actuation assembly 123, forming a connection point between the torsion-carrying connecting rod assembly 12 and the intermediate connecting plate 6. The lower part of the torsion-carrying connecting rod 121 is hinged to the upper end of the limiting connecting rod 112 via the torsion-carrying actuation assembly 124, meaning that the torsion-carrying connecting rod 121 is connected using the limiting connecting rod 112 as an intermediate carrier. The lower end of the limiting connecting rod 112 is hinged to the supporting base plate 7 via the torsion-carrying actuation assembly 125, forming a connection point between the entire torsion-carrying connecting rod assembly 12 and the supporting base plate 7.

[0038] Through the aforementioned connection method, torsion-resistant link 121, torsion-resistant link 122, and limiting link 112 together form a two-bar linkage structure. This two-bar linkage structure works in conjunction with the aforementioned limiting link assembly 11, further enhancing the torsional resistance of the entire mechanism during movement, and restricting the rotational freedom (i.e., spin motion) of the intermediate connecting plate 6 in the horizontal plane, thereby improving the stability and structural rigidity of the intermediate connecting plate 6 during lifting and pitch adjustments.

[0039] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, each of the drive units includes: an explosion-proof electric cylinder assembly 2; the explosion-proof electric cylinder assembly 2 includes a front electric cylinder assembly 22 and a rear electric cylinder assembly 21; the upper ends of the front electric cylinder assembly 22 and the rear electric cylinder assembly 21 are respectively hinged to the intermediate connecting plate 6, and the lower ends of the front electric cylinder assembly 22 and the rear electric cylinder assembly 21 are respectively hinged to the supporting base plate 7.

[0040] Specifically, each drive unit includes an explosion-proof electric cylinder assembly 2. This explosion-proof electric cylinder assembly 2 further includes a front-end electric cylinder assembly 22 and a rear-end electric cylinder assembly 21, which are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the device, together forming a drive assembly. The upper end of the front-end electric cylinder assembly 22 is hinged to the intermediate connecting plate 6, and the lower end is hinged to the supporting base plate 7. The upper end of the rear-end electric cylinder assembly 21 is hinged to the intermediate connecting plate 6, and the lower end is hinged to the supporting base plate 7.

[0041] Through the above connection method, the front-end electric cylinder assembly 22 and the rear-end electric cylinder assembly 21 form a two-point support drive structure between the intermediate connecting plate 6 and the supporting base plate 7. When they work together: when the front-end electric cylinder assembly 22 and the rear-end electric cylinder assembly 21 extend and retract synchronously, they push the intermediate connecting plate 6 to perform a smooth lifting and lowering motion relative to the supporting base plate 7, achieving vertical position adjustment. When the front-end electric cylinder assembly 22 and the rear-end electric cylinder assembly 21 extend and retract differentially at different speeds or with different strokes, the intermediate connecting plate 6 tilts relative to the supporting base plate 7, achieving precise adjustment of the pitch angle. In addition, all hinge points are connected by rolling bearings, and the electric cylinder assembly itself meets explosion-proof requirements, making it safe for use in wind tunnel environments using flammable and explosive gases.

[0042] This application achieves precise adjustment of both lifting and pitch degrees of freedom simultaneously with a single assembly through synchronous or differential control of the front-end electric cylinder assembly 22 and the rear-end electric cylinder assembly 21. The structure is compact and functionally integrated. The dual electric cylinders, arranged front and rear, ensure uniform driving force distribution, stably pushing the intermediate connecting plate 6 that carries heavy optical components, guaranteeing smoothness during lifting and pitch adjustments. All electric cylinder assemblies are explosion-proof, and all hinge points are connected using rolling bearings, fundamentally avoiding heat accumulation and spark risks from sliding friction, making them safe for use in advanced wind tunnels employing flammable and explosive gases. The electric cylinder drive method enables precise stroke control, and combined with differential control strategies, achieves high-precision pitch angle adjustment, meeting the stringent requirements of large-scale schlieren observation systems for optical path alignment. The front-end electric cylinder assembly 22 and the rear-end electric cylinder assembly 21 form a stable support structure at both ends, working in conjunction with the limit and torsion-resisting assembly 1, significantly improving the torsional stiffness and motion stability of the entire mechanism. The system allows for synchronous lifting or differential pitch adjustment, depending on the specific needs. The control strategy is simple and reliable, facilitating automated closed-loop control.

[0043] In one embodiment, the fine-tuning component includes a front-end fine-tuning component 41 and a back-end fine-tuning component 42; like Figure 5 As shown, the front-end fine-tuning assembly 41 includes a front-end drive explosion-proof motor 411, a front-end lead screw 413, a front-end linear guide rail 414, a front-end slider 415, a front-end fine-tuning connecting seat 416, a front-end turntable bearing 417, and a front-end fine-tuning base 418. The front-end drive explosion-proof motor 411 is connected to the front-end lead screw 413 via a front-end coupling 412. The front-end lead screw 413 is threadedly connected to a front-end lead screw nut 419 fixed on the front-end fine-tuning connecting seat 416. The front-end slider 415 is a ball-bearing slider, fixed on the front-end fine-tuning connecting seat 416, and slidably connected to the front-end linear guide rail 414. The front-end linear guide rail 414 is fixed on the front-end fine-tuning base 418. The front-end fine-tuning connecting seat 416 is connected to the optical fixing platform 5 via the front-end turntable bearing 417.

[0044] In other words, the specific structure and connection relationship of the front-end fine-tuning component 41 are as follows: Drive section: The front-end drive explosion-proof motor 411 is connected to the front-end lead screw 413 via the front-end coupling 412. The front-end lead screw 413 is threadedly connected to the front-end lead screw nut 419 fixed on the front-end fine-tuning connecting seat 416. When the front-end drive explosion-proof motor 411 rotates, the rotational motion is converted into linear motion of the front-end fine-tuning connecting seat 416 through the lead screw and nut pair.

[0045] Guiding component: The front slider 415 is a ball-bearing slider, fixed to the front fine-tuning connector 416 and slidably connected to the front linear guide 414, which is fixed to the front fine-tuning base 418. The ball-bearing slider and the linear guide cooperate to provide high-precision guidance for the linear movement of the front fine-tuning connector 416, while rolling friction avoids heat accumulation.

[0046] Connection section: The front fine-tuning connector 416 is connected to the optical fixed stage 5 via a front turntable bearing 417. The front turntable bearing 417 allows the optical fixed stage 5 to rotate relative to the front fine-tuning connector 416, providing the necessary rotational freedom for yaw adjustment.

[0047] With the above structure, when the front-end drive explosion-proof motor 411 is working, it drives the front-end fine-tuning connector 416 to move linearly along the direction parallel to the ground guide rail, and then drives the optical fixed platform 5 through the front-end turntable bearing 417 to achieve precise translation adjustment or cooperate with the rear-end fine-tuning component 42 to achieve yaw angle adjustment.

[0048] This application employs an explosion-proof motor-driven lead screw and nut assembly structure, combined with a ball-type slider and a linear guide for high-precision guidance, enabling micron-level precise translational adjustment to meet the stringent requirements of large-scale schlieren observation systems for optical path alignment. The front-end slider 415 uses a ball-type slider, replacing sliding friction with rolling friction, fundamentally avoiding heat accumulation and spark risks generated by friction, making it safe for use in wind tunnel environments using flammable and explosive gases. The combination of the ball-type slider and the linear guide offers advantages such as a low coefficient of friction, smooth movement, and low noise, ensuring stable movement of the optical fixed stage 5 during fine-tuning and preventing impact on optical components.

[0049] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the rear fine-tuning component 42 includes a rear linear guide rail 421, a rear slider 422, a rear explosion-proof drive motor 423, a rear lead screw 425, a rear fine-tuning connecting seat 426, a rear turntable bearing 427, a rear linear guide rail 428, a rear slider 429, and a rear fine-tuning base 4211. The first rear linear guide rail 421 is fixed to the intermediate connecting plate 6, and its axis is perpendicular to the axis of the ground guide rail 8; the first rear slider 422 is slidably connected to the first rear linear guide rail 421 and fixedly connected to the rear fine-tuning base 4211; the rear drive explosion-proof motor 423 is fixed to the rear fine-tuning base 4211 and connected to the rear lead screw 425 through the rear coupling 424; the second rear linear guide rail 428 is fixed to the rear fine-tuning base 4211, and its axis is parallel to the axis of the ground guide rail 8; the second rear slider 429 is fixed to the rear fine-tuning connecting seat 426 and slidably connected to the second rear linear guide rail 428; the rear lead screw 425 is threadedly connected to the rear lead screw nut 4212 fixed on the rear fine-tuning connecting seat 426; the rear fine-tuning connecting seat 426 is connected to the optical fixing platform 5 through the rear turntable bearing 427.

[0050] It is understood that the structure of the rear-end fine-tuning component 42 cooperates with the front-end fine-tuning component 41 to jointly achieve precise translation and yaw adjustment functions. The specific structure and connection relationship of the rear-end fine-tuning component 42 are as follows: The first guiding lateral follow-up layer: The rear linear guide rail 421 is fixed to the intermediate connecting plate 6, and its axis is perpendicular to the axis of the ground guide rail 8. The rear slider 422 is slidably connected to the rear linear guide rail 421 and fixedly connected to the rear fine-tuning base 4211. This structure allows the rear fine-tuning base 4211 to slide freely in a direction perpendicular to the ground guide rail 8, providing lateral displacement compensation for yaw adjustment.

[0051] Drive section: The rear-end drive explosion-proof motor 423 is fixed on the rear-end fine-tuning base 4211 and connected to the rear-end lead screw 425 through the rear-end coupling 424.

[0052] The second guiding longitudinal drive layer: The rear linear guide rail 428 is fixed on the rear fine-tuning base 4211, and its axis is parallel to the axis of the ground guide rail 8. The rear slider 429 is fixed on the rear fine-tuning connecting seat 426 and slidably connected to the rear linear guide rail 428.

[0053] Transmission section: The rear lead screw 425 is threadedly connected to the rear lead screw nut 4212 fixed on the rear fine-tuning connecting seat 426. When the rear drive explosion-proof motor 423 rotates, the rotational motion is converted into linear motion of the rear fine-tuning connecting seat 426 along a direction parallel to the ground guide rail 8 through the lead screw and nut pair.

[0054] Connection part: The rear fine-tuning connector 426 is connected to the optical fixing stage 5 through the rear turntable bearing 427, allowing the optical fixing stage 5 to rotate relative to the rear fine-tuning connector 426.

[0055] With the above structure, the rear fine-tuning component 42 has bidirectional motion capability: on the one hand, the rear explosion-proof drive motor 423 can drive the rear fine-tuning connecting seat 426 to move in a direction parallel to the ground guide rail 8, realizing translation or yaw drive; on the other hand, the entire rear fine-tuning base 4211 can slide in a direction perpendicular to the ground guide rail 8, automatically compensating for the lateral displacement generated by the yaw motion.

[0056] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the moving component 3 includes: a driving wheel 31, a driven wheel 38, and an explosion-proof encoder 37; The drive wheel 31 is driven by the explosion-proof motor 34, and the explosion-proof encoder 37 is mounted on the driven wheel 38 or linked with the driven wheel 38 to detect the moving distance in real time. The moving component 3 also includes a commutator 32, a drive shaft 33, a reducer 35, and a measuring wheel 36; The explosion-proof motor 34 is connected to the reducer 35, and the reducer 35 is connected to the drive wheel 31 through the transmission shaft 33 and the commutator 32; The driving wheel 31 is made of polyurethane material, and the driven wheel 38 is made of metal material; The explosion-proof encoder 37 is mounted on the measuring wheel 36, and the measuring wheel 36 is coaxially mounted with the driven wheel 38 or rolls in contact with the driven wheel 38.

[0057] This application utilizes an explosion-proof motor 34 to drive the drive wheel 31, enabling the entire device to move over a wide range along the track, such as more than 20 meters, meeting the transfer requirements of the schlieren system between working and idle positions. The drive wheel 31 is made of high-friction materials such as polyurethane, effectively preventing slippage during acceleration and deceleration processes such as starting and stopping, ensuring reliable transmission of driving force. The driven wheel 38 is made of metal, possessing high strength and rigidity, and can stably support the total weight of the entire device, approximately 10 tons, ensuring structural stability and high rigidity. An explosion-proof encoder 37 is mounted on the measuring wheel 36, which is coaxially mounted with or in contact with the driven wheel 38, allowing for real-time detection of the actual movement distance. This detection method is independent of the drive motor encoder; even if the drive wheel 31 experiences brief slippage, it will not affect the accuracy of position detection.

[0058] This application also provides a control method for an explosion-proof support adjustment device for a schlieren observation system, applied to the explosion-proof support adjustment device for a schlieren observation system described in this application, the method comprising: The coarse translation motion mode includes: starting the explosion-proof motor 34, driving the drive wheel 31 to move the entire device along the ground guide rail 8 to the vicinity of the designated position, and calculating the moving distance through the signal fed back by the explosion-proof encoder 37 to achieve coarse translation adjustment over a wide range of positions; The lifting motion module includes: controlling at least two drive units in the drive assembly to extend and retract synchronously, driving the intermediate connecting plate 6 to lift and lower relative to the support base plate 7, thereby realizing the lifting and adjusting of the optical fixed platform 5; Executing the pitch motion mode includes: controlling at least two drive units in the drive assembly to extend and retract at different speeds or with different strokes, driving the intermediate connecting plate 6 to pitch relative to the support base plate 7, thereby achieving pitch angle adjustment of the optical fixed platform 5; The execution of the yaw motion mode includes: controlling at least one fine-tuning unit in the fine-tuning assembly to work, driving the output end of the fine-tuning unit to move in a direction parallel to the ground guide rail 8, while the fine-tuning unit performs follow-up compensation in a direction perpendicular to the ground guide rail 8, thereby realizing the adjustment of the yaw angle of the optical fixed platform 5. The translational motion mode includes: controlling at least two fine-tuning units in the fine-tuning assembly to work synchronously according to the displacement parameters fed back by the explosion-proof encoder 37, driving the output end of each fine-tuning unit to move synchronously along the direction parallel to the ground guide rail 8, so as to realize the precise translational adjustment of the optical fixed platform 5 along the direction of the ground guide rail 8 while keeping the yaw angle unchanged.

[0059] This application provides a control method for an explosion-proof support adjustment device for a schlieren observation system. This method integrates five working modes: coarse translation, lifting, pitching, yaw, and translation. It fully covers the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment requirements of large-scale schlieren observation systems for horizontal movement, vertical lifting, pitching angle, and yaw angle. All optical path alignment operations can be completed with one method.

[0060] In addition, a large-scale rapid transfer of more than 20 meters is achieved through a coarse translational motion mode, and micron-level precise positioning is achieved through a fine translational motion mode. The two form a two-level positioning system of "coarse motion + fine motion", which ensures both movement efficiency and positioning accuracy.

[0061] Simultaneously, height adjustment is achieved through synchronous control of the drive unit, and pitch adjustment is achieved through differential control of the drive unit. Both modes can be implemented using the same set of hardware, resulting in a simple control strategy and flexible switching. In the yaw motion mode, the fine-tuning unit automatically compensates in the direction perpendicular to the guide rail, eliminating the lateral displacement caused by yaw motion without the need for additional compensation mechanisms. The structure is simple and the control is reliable.

[0062] Secondly, in the precision translation motion mode, closed-loop control is performed based on the displacement parameters fed back in real time by the explosion-proof encoder 37 to ensure precise translation and meet the stringent requirements of large-scale schlieren observation systems for optical path alignment. All electrical components involved in all control modes, such as motors and encoders, meet explosion-proof requirements and can be safely applied in advanced wind tunnel environments using flammable and explosive gases such as hydrogen.

[0063] Furthermore, each working mode can be executed individually or in any combination according to actual needs. The operation process is clear and the control logic is simple, which greatly reduces the operation difficulty and labor intensity of debugging personnel and improves debugging efficiency.

[0064] In one embodiment, the coarse translation motion mode, the lifting motion mode, the pitch motion mode, the yaw motion mode, and the translation motion mode can be executed in combination, or any one of the modes can be executed individually.

[0065] Specifically, combined execution: any combination of the above five modes can be combined in sequence or as needed, and executed sequentially to complete the complex optical path alignment process. For example, the coarse translation mode can be executed first to move the device to the working area, then the lifting and tilting modes can be executed sequentially to adjust the optical path height and angle, and finally the yaw and precision translation modes can be executed to complete the final precise optical path alignment.

[0066] Individual Execution: When only one degree of freedom needs to be adjusted, any one of the modes can be executed independently without affecting the current state of the other degrees of freedom. For example, when only the horizontal position of the optical path needs to be finely adjusted, the precision translation mode can be executed independently; when only the height of the optical path needs to be adjusted, the lifting mode can be executed independently.

[0067] This flexible execution method allows operators to choose the most suitable operation procedure according to the actual situation on site, which can meet the needs of multi-step comprehensive adjustment in complex debugging scenarios as well as the needs of rapid single-step adjustment in simple scenarios.

[0068] In one embodiment, in the precision translation motion mode, the synchronous movement of at least two fine-tuning units in the fine-tuning assembly is determined by the difference between the current position and the target position fed back by the explosion-proof encoder 37, forming a closed-loop control.

[0069] Specifically, the explosion-proof encoder 37 detects the rotation information of the driven wheel 38 or the measuring wheel 36 in real time and calculates the current actual position of the entire device or the optical fixed platform 5. The control system compares the current position fed back by the explosion-proof encoder 37 with the preset target position and calculates the position difference, i.e., the deviation, between the two. Based on this difference, the control system controls the front-end fine-tuning component 41 and the rear-end fine-tuning component 42 to move synchronously by a corresponding distance until the position difference approaches zero. During the adjustment process, the explosion-proof encoder 37 continuously feeds back position information, forming a closed-loop control circuit to ensure that the final position accurately reaches the target value.

[0070] Through the closed-loop control method described above, the system can automatically compensate for various errors during the movement process, such as mechanical backlash and slippage, to achieve high-precision positioning.

[0071] In one embodiment, in the yaw motion mode, the follow-up compensation of the fine-tuning unit in the direction perpendicular to the ground guide rail 8 is achieved by the sliding of the slider on the linear guide rail to compensate for the lateral displacement generated by the yaw motion.

[0072] Specifically, when the control system controls the fine-tuning unit, such as the rear fine-tuning component 42, to drive its output end to move in a direction parallel to the ground guide rail 8, the optical fixed platform 5 will yaw and rotate around the connection point of the front fine-tuning component 41. During the yaw rotation, the connection point of the rear fine-tuning component 42 will generate a lateral displacement component perpendicular to the ground guide rail 8. If this displacement is rigidly constrained, it will cause structural jamming or generate additional internal stress. To solve the above problems, the rear slider 422 in the rear fine-tuning component 42 and the rear linear guide rail 421 form a lateral follower layer. The rear linear guide rail 421 is fixed on the intermediate connecting plate 6, and its axis is perpendicular to the axis of the ground guide rail 8; the rear slider 422 is fixedly connected to the rear fine-tuning base 4211 and can slide freely along the rear linear guide rail 421.

[0073] When the yaw motion generates lateral displacement, the entire rear fine-tuning base 4211 and the drive components mounted on it will release the lateral displacement by the free sliding of the rear slider 422 on the rear linear guide 421, thereby achieving automatic follow-up compensation and ensuring smooth and unobstructed yaw motion.

[0074] In general, this application utilizes a set of non-driven limit linkage assembly 11 based on a four-bar linkage and a set of non-driven two-bar linkage to form a torsion-resisting linkage assembly 12, which together constitute the limit and torsion-resisting assembly 1 to achieve high-rigidity constraint on the movement of the optical fixed platform 5; two sets of explosion-proof electric cylinder assemblies 2, including a front electric cylinder assembly 22 and a rear electric cylinder assembly 21, are driven to achieve high-precision lifting and pitch adjustment functions.

[0075] In addition, high-precision position translation adjustment is achieved by synchronously driving the front-end fine-tuning component 41 and the rear-end fine-tuning component 42; and high-precision yaw adjustment is achieved by differentially driving the front-end fine-tuning component 41 and the rear-end fine-tuning component 42 and performing displacement compensation by using the rear-end fine-tuning component 42 as a follower.

[0076] Secondly, the explosion-proof motor 34 drives the high-friction polyurethane drive wheel 31 to move, minimizing slippage; the edge metal driven wheel 38 provides strong support, ensuring the overall structural stability and high rigidity; the rotation of the middle polyurethane driven wheel 38 drives the explosion-proof encoder 37 to rotate, achieving high-precision movement distance detection and avoiding position measurement errors caused by slippage of the drive wheel 31.

[0077] Furthermore, this application provides a control method for an explosion-proof support adjustment device for a schlieren observation system. Based on the explosion-proof support adjustment device, a wide-range, high-precision translational working mode is designed; a high-precision lifting working mode is synchronously driven by the rear-end electric cylinder assembly 21 and the front-end electric cylinder assembly 22; a high-precision pitch working mode is differentially driven by the rear-end electric cylinder assembly 21 and the front-end electric cylinder assembly 22; a high-precision movement working mode is synchronously driven by the front-end drive explosion-proof motor 411 and the rear-end drive explosion-proof motor 423; and a high-precision yaw working mode is differentially driven by the front-end drive explosion-proof motor 411 and the rear-end drive explosion-proof motor 423.

[0078] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0079] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A blast resistant support adjustment device for a schlieren viewing system, comprising: The device includes: Support base plate (7); The intermediate connecting plate (6) is located on the supporting base plate (7); An optical mounting platform (5) is located on the intermediate connecting plate (6) and is used to fix and install the optical components of the schlieren observation system; The limiting and torsion-resisting assembly (1) is disposed between the intermediate connecting plate (6) and the supporting base plate (7) to connect the intermediate connecting plate (6) and the supporting base plate (7) and constrain the relative movement between them. The hinge points of the limiting and torsion-resisting assembly (1) are all connected by rolling friction pairs. The drive assembly includes at least two drive units, the upper end of which is connected to the intermediate connecting plate (6) and the lower end of which is connected to the support base plate (7), for driving the intermediate connecting plate (6) to perform lifting and pitching movements relative to the support base plate (7); The fine-tuning component (4) is disposed between the optical fixed stage (5) and the intermediate connecting plate (6) for driving the optical fixed stage (5) to perform translation and yaw adjustment relative to the intermediate connecting plate (6); The moving component (3) is located at the bottom of the supporting base plate (7) and is used to drive the entire device to move along a preset track.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting and torsion-resisting assembly (1) includes a limiting link assembly (11) and a torsion-resisting link assembly (12). The limiting link assembly (11), together with the intermediate connecting plate (6) and the supporting base plate (7), constitute a four-bar linkage mechanism. The torsion-resistant link assembly (12) is a two-bar structure, and the hinge points of the limiting link assembly (11) and the torsion-resistant link assembly (12) are connected by rolling bearings.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting link assembly (11) includes limiting link one (111), limiting link two (112) and limiting link three (113). The top of the limiting link (111) is hinged to the intermediate connecting plate (6) through the limiting rotation assembly (114); One end of the second limiting link (112) and one end of the third limiting link (113) are respectively hinged to the middle and bottom of the first limiting link (111) through the second limiting rotation assembly (115) and the third limiting rotation assembly (116); The other end of the limiting link two (112) is hinged to the supporting base plate (7) through the limiting rotation assembly five (118); The other end of the limiting link three (113) is hinged to the supporting base plate (7) through the limiting rotation assembly four (117).

4. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The torsion-resistant link assembly (12) includes a torsion-resistant link one (121) and a torsion-resistant link two (122). The upper part of the first torsion-carrying link (121) is hinged to the intermediate connecting plate (6) through the first torsion-carrying component (123), and the lower part is hinged to the upper end of the second limiting link (112) through the second torsion-carrying component (124). The lower end of the limiting link 2 (112) is hinged to the supporting base plate (7) through the torsion-lifting assembly 3 (125).

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the drive units includes: an explosion-proof electric cylinder assembly (2); The explosion-proof electric cylinder assembly (2) includes a front electric cylinder assembly (22) and a rear electric cylinder assembly (21). The upper ends of the front electric cylinder assembly (22) and the rear electric cylinder assembly (21) are respectively hinged to the intermediate connecting plate (6), and the lower ends of the front electric cylinder assembly (22) and the rear electric cylinder assembly (21) are respectively hinged to the supporting base plate (7).

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fine-tuning components include a front-end fine-tuning component (41) and a back-end fine-tuning component (42). The front-end fine-tuning component (41) includes a front-end drive explosion-proof motor (411), a front-end lead screw (413), a front-end linear guide (414), a front-end slider (415), a front-end fine-tuning connector (416), a front-end turntable bearing (417), and a front-end fine-tuning base (418). The front-end drive explosion-proof motor (411) is connected to the front-end lead screw (413) through the front-end coupling (412), and the front-end lead screw (413) is threadedly connected to the front-end lead screw nut (419) fixed on the front-end fine-tuning connecting seat (416). The front slider (415) is a ball-type slider, which is fixed on the front fine-tuning connector (416) and slidably connected to the front linear guide (414). The front linear guide (414) is fixed on the front fine-tuning base (418). The front-end fine-tuning connector (416) is connected to the optical fixed platform (5) via the front-end turntable bearing (417).

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rear fine-tuning component (42) includes a rear linear guide rail one (421), a rear slider one (422), a rear drive explosion-proof motor (423), a rear lead screw (425), a rear fine-tuning connecting seat (426), a rear turntable bearing (427), a rear linear guide rail two (428), a rear slider two (429), and a rear fine-tuning base (4211). The rear linear guide rail (421) is fixed on the intermediate connecting plate (6), and its axis is perpendicular to the axis of the ground guide rail (8). The rear slider (422) is slidably connected to the rear linear guide (421) and fixedly connected to the rear fine-tuning base (4211); The rear-end drive explosion-proof motor (423) is fixed on the rear-end fine-tuning base (4211) and connected to the rear-end lead screw (425) through the rear-end coupling (424); The rear linear guide rail (428) is fixed on the rear fine-tuning base (4211), and its axis is parallel to the axis of the ground guide rail (8). The second rear slider (429) is fixed on the second rear fine-tuning connector (426) and slidably connected to the second rear linear guide (428); The rear lead screw (425) is threadedly connected to the rear lead screw nut (4212) fixed on the rear fine-tuning connector (426); The rear fine-tuning connector (426) is connected to the optical fixed platform (5) via the rear turntable bearing (427).

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moving component (3) includes: a drive wheel (31), a driven wheel (38), and an explosion-proof encoder (37). The drive wheel (31) is driven by an explosion-proof motor (34), and the explosion-proof encoder (37) is mounted on the driven wheel (38) or linked with the driven wheel (38) to detect the moving distance in real time. The moving component (3) also includes a commutator (32), a drive shaft (33), a reducer (35), and a measuring wheel (36). The explosion-proof motor (34) is connected to the reducer (35), and the reducer (35) is connected to the drive wheel (31) through the drive shaft (33) and the commutator (32); The driving wheel (31) is made of polyurethane material, and the driven wheel (38) is made of metal material; The explosion-proof encoder (37) is mounted on the measuring wheel (36), and the measuring wheel (36) is coaxially mounted with the driven wheel (38) or rolls in contact with the driven wheel (38).

9. A control method for an explosion-proof support adjustment device for a schlieren observation system, applied to the explosion-proof support adjustment device for a schlieren observation system as described in any one of claims 1-8, the method comprising: The coarse translation motion mode includes: starting the explosion-proof motor (34), driving the drive wheel (31) to move the entire device along the ground guide rail (8) to the vicinity of the designated position, calculating the moving distance through the signal fed back by the explosion-proof encoder (37), and realizing coarse translation adjustment of a large range of positions; The lifting motion module includes: controlling at least two drive units in the drive assembly to extend and retract synchronously, driving the intermediate connecting plate (6) to lift and lower relative to the support base plate (7), thereby realizing the lifting and lowering adjustment of the optical fixed platform (5); Executing the pitch motion mode includes: controlling at least two drive units in the drive assembly to extend and retract at different speeds or with different strokes, driving the intermediate connecting plate (6) to pitch relative to the support base plate (7), thereby achieving pitch angle adjustment of the optical fixed platform (5); The execution of the yaw motion mode includes: controlling at least one fine adjustment unit in the fine adjustment assembly to work, driving the output end of the fine adjustment unit to move in a direction parallel to the ground guide rail (8), while the fine adjustment unit performs follow-up compensation in a direction perpendicular to the ground guide rail (8), thereby realizing the adjustment of the yaw angle of the optical fixed platform (5). The translational motion mode includes: controlling at least two fine-tuning units in the fine-tuning assembly to work synchronously according to the displacement parameters fed back by the explosion-proof encoder (37), driving the output end of each fine-tuning unit to move synchronously along the direction parallel to the ground guide rail (8), so as to realize the precise translational adjustment of the optical fixed platform (5) along the direction of the ground guide rail (8) while keeping the yaw angle unchanged.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The coarse translation motion mode, the lifting motion mode, the pitching motion mode, the yaw motion mode, and the translation motion mode can be executed in combination, or any one of the modes can be executed individually.

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