Multifunctional test bench for bale wrapping film cutting test

Abstract

The application discloses a multifunctional test bench for bale wrapping film cutting test, and belongs to the technical field of cotton processing test equipment. The application comprises a rack, a feeding moving assembly, a cutting assembly and a film tension assembly. A cotton bale supporting and limiting structure is arranged at the rear part of the rack to form a cotton bale wrapping film cutting test area. A film tension assembly is arranged at the front part of the rack to form a wrapping film sample cutting test area. The feeding moving assembly is used to drive the cutting assembly to move between the two test areas and adjust the cutting height. The cutting assembly comprises a motor, a torque sensor, a rotating shaft and a disc cutter connected in sequence, and is used to perform cutting and monitor the cutting torque in real time. The film tension assembly comprises a tensioning device, an adjusting roller, a fixed roller and a tension sensor, and is used to tension the wrapping film sample and monitor the tension thereof. The application realizes two kinds of cutting tests and parameter detection on the same test bench, and can perform comparative analysis under the same tension, the same rotating speed and other conditions, thereby providing a reliable test platform for cutting mechanism research and parameter optimization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of cotton processing test equipment, specifically relating to a multifunctional test bench for cotton bale packaging film cutting tests. Background Technology

[0002] Cotton is an important economic crop and strategic resource in my country. After harvesting, seed cotton typically undergoes processes such as baling, wrapping, transportation, and storage. Before processing, the outer packaging film of the cotton bales must first be cut. The success and quality of cutting the packaging film directly affects the cotton processing efficiency.

[0003] In actual production processes, when the cutting tool enters the cotton bale, it inevitably comes into contact with the seed cotton inside, making the cutting resistance, cutting torque, and cutting edge condition more complex. Existing research mostly focuses on cutting experiments on a single object or under a single condition, usually requiring the construction of two independent experimental platforms to conduct experiments with and without seed cotton.

[0004] This separate testing method has the following common problems: First, it is difficult to ensure that the two sets of devices have exactly the same tool parameters (such as cutting angle and rotation speed), motion parameters (such as feed speed) and boundary conditions (such as packaging film tension), resulting in a lack of comparability of test results; Second, the support and limiting methods of the cotton bale during the test are not uniform, which affects the repeatability of the cutting position; Third, the lack of an integrated data acquisition system makes it difficult to synchronously acquire key dynamic parameters such as cutting torque and tension, which is not conducive to in-depth mechanism analysis. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a multifunctional test bench for cotton bale packaging film cutting tests. The present invention adopts an integrated design, combining the cotton bale packaging film cutting test area and the packaging film sample cutting test area on the same frame, and sharing a common set of feeding and cutting actuators. This results in a test bench with advantages such as compact structure, integrated functions, and good consistency of test conditions, playing an important role in the study of cotton bale packaging film cutting mechanisms and parameter optimization.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multifunctional test bench for cutting cotton bale packaging film, comprising a frame, a feed movement assembly, a cutting assembly, and a packaging tension assembly. The rear of the frame is equipped with a cotton bale support and limiting structure, which, in conjunction with the cutting assembly, forms a cotton bale packaging film cutting test area, suitable for supporting and limiting cotton bales with an outer diameter of 800mm~2200mm. The front of the frame is equipped with a film tension assembly, which, in conjunction with the cutting assembly, forms a packaging film sample cutting test area. A feed moving assembly is mounted at the bottom of the frame, and the cutting assembly is mounted on the feed moving assembly. The travel range of the feed moving assembly covers the front and rear of the frame, driving the cutting assembly to move between the cotton bale packaging film cutting test area and the packaging film sample cutting test area. The cutting assembly includes a motor, a torque sensor, a rotating shaft, and a disc cutter connected in sequence. The torque sensor detects torque changes during the cutting process. The film tension assembly applies an adjustable tension force to the packaging film sample and detects its tension value.

[0007] Preferably, the cotton bale support and limiting structure includes multiple angle iron tripods and two cotton bale support cutting plates installed on the bottom surface of the angle iron tripods, with a cutting gap formed between the two cotton bale support cutting plates for the disc cutter to pass through.

[0008] Preferably, the feed movement component includes a stepper motor, a ball screw module, and a lifting platform; the ball screw module is used to drive the cutting component to move along the length of the cotton bale, and the lifting platform is used to adjust the height of the cutting component.

[0009] Preferably, the lifting platform includes a scissor lift mechanism, a hand crank, and a locking knob; rotating the hand crank can drive the scissor lift mechanism to extend or retract, and the locking knob can mechanically lock the lifting platform.

[0010] Preferably, the film tension assembly includes a roller fixing plate, a tension sensor, a tensioning device, an adjusting roller, and a fixed roller; the adjusting roller, the fixed roller, the tension sensor, and the tensioning device are all mounted on the roller fixing plate; the tensioning device is connected to the adjusting roller and is used to drive the adjusting roller to rotate; the tension sensor is a roller-type tension sensor and is used to detect the tension change of the packaging film sample wrapped around it.

[0011] Preferably, the tensioning device includes a tensioning disc and a worm gear mechanism, wherein the worm gear mechanism is connected to the adjusting roller.

[0012] Preferably, the rotating shaft has a stepped shaft structure, with a disc section formed in its middle, and the disc cutter is installed on the disc section by screws; the end of the rotating shaft is threaded and fitted with a counter nut for preventing loosening.

[0013] Preferably, both the torque sensor and the tension sensor are connected to a computer for real-time display, recording, and storage of test data; both the stepper motor and the electric motor are connected to a controller to adjust the feed rate and tool speed through a program.

[0014] Preferably, the frame is formed by splicing aluminum profiles, and each of its four corners is provided with a foot pad and caster connecting plate, on which casters and foot pads are installed.

[0015] This invention also provides a method for cutting cotton bale packaging film based on the above-mentioned multifunctional test bench, comprising the following steps:

[0016] (a) Test preparation: Place the cotton bale in the cotton bale packaging film cutting test area and support and limit it by the cotton bale support and limiting structure; arrange the packaging film sample in the packaging film sample cutting test area and make it form a horizontally taut cutting area by the packaging film tension component;

[0017] (b) Parameter setting: Set the rotation speed, cutting feed speed and cutting height of the disc cutter; and use the pre-measured unit width tension of the cotton bale packaging film as the target value, adjust the tension of the packaging film sample through the packaging tension component to make it be under the same tension condition as the cotton bale packaging film;

[0018] (c) Cutting and data acquisition: The electric motor and the stepper motor are started in sequence. After the disc cutter reaches the preset speed, the feed moving component drives the cutting component to pass through the packaging film sample cutting test area and the cotton bag packaging film cutting test area to cut the packaging film sample and the cotton bag packaging film respectively. The torque sensor collects the torque data in real time during the cutting process.

[0019] (d) Data processing and comparative analysis: Based on the collected torque data, the equivalent cutting forces corresponding to the packaging film sample cutting test and the cotton bale packaging film cutting test were calculated respectively. The equivalent cutting forces of the two cutting objects were compared and analyzed under the same test parameters to study the influence of seed cotton on the packaging film cutting process.

[0020] Preferably, in step (d), the equivalent cutting force The calculation formula is:

[0021]

[0022] In the formula, The cutting torque output by the torque sensor. Let be the angular velocity of the disc cutter. The feed rate of the disc cutter is denoted as .

[0023] Preferably, step (d) further includes: taking photos of the cut edges of the cut packaging film sample and the cotton-padded packaging film, respectively, and performing Gaussian filtering and binarization on the acquired edge images to extract the clear outline of the cut edges of the packaging film, and calculating the coefficient of variation of the cut edges of the packaging film according to the formula. :

[0024]

[0025] In the formula, The standard deviation of the offset of each sampling point on the edge contour. This represents the average offset of each sampling point on the edge contour.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0027] (1) By integrating the cotton bale packaging film cutting test area and the packaging film sample cutting test area on the same test bench and sharing a set of feed moving components and cutting components, the present invention realizes that two cutting tests, "with seed cotton" and "without seed cotton", can be carried out on the same platform. This fundamentally ensures that the tool parameters, motion parameters and boundary conditions are completely consistent, providing a reliable hardware basis for comparative analysis.

[0028] (2) By setting up a film tension component and using a tension sensor and a tensioning device, the present invention can accurately adjust and match the tension of the packaging film sample so that it is consistent with the tension state of the actual cotton packaging film, thereby eliminating the test error introduced by different boundary conditions and improving the simulation reality of the packaging film sample cutting test.

[0029] (3) By integrating a torque sensor in the cutting assembly and a tension sensor in the coating tension assembly, the present invention can collect key dynamic data such as cutting torque and film tension in real time and synchronously. Combined with the calculation method of equivalent cutting force and edge variation coefficient given in the specification, it provides rich data support for quantitative analysis of cutting mechanism and optimization of cutting parameters. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multifunctional test bench of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the frame structure in this invention;

[0032] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the feed movement component structure in this invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting platform structure in this invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting component structure in this invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the film tension assembly in this invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the tensioning device structure in this invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the placement of the cotton bale and packaging film in this invention;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cotton bale support and limiting structure in this invention.

[0039] The following are the names of the reference numerals in the instruction manual: 1. Frame; 11. Angle iron tripod; 12. Cotton bale support cutting plate; 13. Foot pad / caster connecting plate; 14. Caster; 15. Foot pad; 2. Feed moving assembly; 21. Stepper motor; 22. Diaphragm coupling; 23. Ball screw module; 231. Slide table; 232. Base; 233. Screw; 234. Guide rail; 235. Limit block; 24. Lifting platform; 241. Scissor lift mechanism; 242. Hand crank; 243. Locking knob; 3. Cutting assembly; 31. Motor; 32. Clasp coupling; 33. Torque. 34. Sensor support plate; 35. Rotating shaft; 36. Disc cutter; 37. T-bearing seat; 38. Support plate; 4. Film tension assembly; 41. Roller fixing plate; 42. Tension sensor; 43. Tensioning device; 431. Tensioning wheel; 432. Worm gear mechanism; 44. Adjusting roller; 45. Fixed roller; 5. Cotton bale packaging film cutting test area; 6. Packaging film sample cutting test area; 7. Computer; 8. Controller; 9a. T-bolt; 9b. Hexagonal flange nut; 9c. Socket head cap screw; 9d. Angle bracket; 9e. Top nut. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Example 1: Structure of a Multifunctional Test Bench

[0042] refer to Figure 1 A multifunctional test bench for cutting cotton bale packaging film includes a frame 1, a feed and movement assembly 2, a cutting assembly 3, and a wrapping tension assembly 4. The rear of the frame 1 has a cotton bale support and limiting structure, which, in conjunction with the cutting assembly 3, forms a cotton bale packaging film cutting test area 5. The front of the frame 1 has the wrapping tension assembly 4, which, in conjunction with the cutting assembly 3, forms a packaging film sample cutting test area 6. The feed and movement assembly 2 is mounted on the bottom of the frame 1, and the cutting assembly 3 is mounted on the feed and movement assembly 2. The stroke range of the feed and movement assembly 2 covers both the front and rear of the frame 1, thereby enabling the cutting assembly 3 to move between the two test areas.

[0043] refer to Figure 2 The frame 1 is a rectangular frame assembled from aluminum profiles using angle brackets 9d, T-bolts 9a, and hexagonal flange nuts 9b. The cotton bale support and limiting structure includes multiple angle iron tripods 11 and two cotton bale support cutting plates 12. The angle iron tripods 11 are fixed to the rear of the frame 1 using T-bolts 9a and hexagonal flange nuts 9b. The cotton bale support cutting plates 12 are installed on the bottom surface of the angle iron tripods 11 using hexagonal head screws 9c and hexagonal flange nuts 9b. A narrow cutting tool clearance is formed between the two cotton bale support cutting plates 12. Each of the four corners of the frame 1 is equipped with a foot pad and caster connecting plate 13, on which casters 14 and foot pads 15 are installed. When the foot pads 15 are retracted, they are supported by the casters 14 to allow the test platform to move; when the foot pads 15 are lowered, they are supported by the foot pads 15 to fix the test platform.

[0044] refer to Figure 3 The feed moving assembly 2 includes a stepper motor 21, a diaphragm coupling 22, a ball screw module 23, and a lifting platform 24. The ball screw module 23 includes a slide 231, a base 232, a lead screw 233, a guide rail 234, and limit blocks 235. The stepper motor 21 is fixed to the base 232 and connected to the lead screw 233 via the diaphragm coupling 22, driving the slide 231 to move linearly under the guidance of the guide rail 234. Limit blocks 235 are located at both ends of the module for safety limiting.

[0045] refer to Figure 4 The lifting platform 24 is mounted on the slide table 231 and includes a scissor lift mechanism 241, a hand crank 242, and a locking knob 243. Rotating the hand crank 242 can drive the scissor lift mechanism 241 to extend or retract, thereby achieving lifting; after adjusting to the target height, the transmission structure is locked by the locking knob 243 to achieve mechanical locking.

[0046] refer to Figure 5The cutting assembly 3 includes a support plate 38, a motor 31, a perforated coupling 32, a torque sensor 33, a sensor support plate 34, a rotating shaft 35, a disc cutter 36, and a T-shaped bearing seat 37. The support plate 38 is mounted on the lifting platform 24. The motor 31, sensor support plate 34, and T-shaped bearing seat 37 are all mounted on the support plate 38. The torque sensor 33 is mounted on the sensor support plate 34 and connected to the motor 31 and rotating shaft 35 respectively via two perforated couplings 32. The rotating shaft 35 has a clearance fit with the T-shaped bearing seat 37. The rotating shaft 35 is a stepped shaft, with a disc section integrally formed in its middle section having four threaded holes. The disc cutter 36 has four corresponding mounting holes in its circumference, and is fixedly connected to the disc section of the rotating shaft 35 by hexagonal head screws 9c, with anti-loosening nuts 9e used at the shaft end.

[0047] refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The film tension assembly 4 includes a roller fixing plate 41, a tension sensor 42, a tensioning device 43, an adjusting roller 44, and a fixed roller 45. The roller fixing plate 41 is installed at the front of the frame 1. Along its vertical direction, from top to bottom, there is a pair of tension sensors 42, a pair of adjusting rollers 44, and a pair of fixed rollers 45. Each adjusting roller 44 has a tensioning device 43 on its rear side. The tensioning device 43 includes a tensioning disc 431 and a worm gear mechanism 432. The worm gear mechanism 432 is connected to the adjusting roller 44, and rotating the tensioning disc 431 can control the rotation of the adjusting roller 44.

[0048] Example 2: Test Method

[0049] refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 The method for conducting cutting tests using the aforementioned test bench is as follows:

[0050] S101, Test Preparation: Place the cotton bale in the test area 5, supported and limited by the angle iron tripod 11 and the cotton bale support cutting plate 12, aligning its lowest point with the cutting gap. Fix the end of the packaging film sample to the adjusting roller 44 with double-sided tape, and then pass it sequentially through the adjusting roller 44, tension sensor 42, and fixed roller 45 to form a horizontally taut cutting area under the fixed roller 45.

[0051] S102, Parameter Setting: Replace the disc cutter 36 with a specific cutting angle according to the test requirements. Set the speed of the motor 31 and the feed speed of the stepper motor 21 through the controller 8. Rotate the hand crank 242 to adjust the cutting assembly 3 to the target height and lock it with the locking knob 243. At the same time, pre-measure the unit width tension of the actual cotton bale packaging film. Using this value as a target, rotate the tensioning wheel 431, which drives the adjusting roller 44 to rotate through the worm gear mechanism 432, thereby raising and lowering the packaging film sample to adjust its tension, and observe the reading of the tension sensor 42 until the unit width tension of the packaging film sample is consistent with the target value.

[0052] S103, Cutting and Data Acquisition: First, start the motor 31 to bring the disc cutter 36 to the set speed. Then, start the stepper motor 21 to drive the cutting assembly 3 to move towards the rear of the frame 1. The disc cutter 36 first enters the packaging film sample cutting test area 6 to cut the horizontally taut packaging film sample; then it continues to move into the cotton bale packaging film cutting test area 5 to cut the packaging film at the bottom of the cotton bale. Throughout the process, the torque sensor 33 collects the cutting torque data in real time and transmits it to the computer 7. After cutting, photographs are taken of the cut edges of the two packaging films.

[0053] S104, Data Processing and Comparative Analysis: Computer 7 calculates the equivalent cutting force when cutting the packaging film sample and the cotton-padded packaging film according to the formula. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0054]

[0055] In the formula, The cutting torque output by the torque sensor 33. The angular velocity of the disc cutter 36 is... The feed speed of the disc cutter 36 is given.

[0056] The edge images obtained from the photograph were imported into Matlab software, where Gaussian filtering and binarization were performed to extract clear contours, and the coefficient of variation of the packaging film cutting edge was calculated. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0057]

[0058] In the formula, The standard deviation of the offset of each sampling point on the edge contour. This represents the average offset of each sampling point on the edge contour.

[0059] Finally, a comparative analysis was conducted on the influence of seedless and seedless cotton (i.e., cutting cotton bale packaging film and cutting packaging film samples) on the equivalent cutting force and edge variation coefficient under exactly the same parameters.

[0060] The specific embodiments described above illustrate the technical solution and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only the most preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, additions, and equivalent substitutions made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional test bench for cutting cotton bale packaging film, characterized in that, It includes a frame (1), a feed movement assembly (2), a cutting assembly (3), and a film tension assembly (4). The frame (1) is provided with a cotton bale support and limiting structure at the rear. The cotton bale support and limiting structure cooperates with the cutting component (3) to form a cotton bale packaging film cutting test area (5), which is suitable for supporting and limiting cotton bales with an outer diameter of 800mm~2200mm. The front of the frame (1) is provided with the film tension assembly (4), and the film tension assembly (4) cooperates with the cutting assembly (3) to form a packaging film sample cutting test area (6). The feed moving component (2) is installed at the bottom of the frame (1), and the cutting component (3) is installed on the feed moving component (2). The stroke range of the feed moving component (2) covers the front and rear of the frame (1) so as to drive the cutting component (3) to move between the cotton bag packaging film cutting test area (5) and the packaging film sample cutting test area (6). The cutting assembly (3) includes a motor (31), a torque sensor (33), a rotating shaft (35), and a disc cutter (36) connected in sequence. The torque sensor (33) is used to detect torque changes during the cutting process. The film tension component (4) is used to apply an adjustable tension force to the packaging film sample and to detect its tension value.

2. The multifunctional test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cotton bale support and limiting structure includes multiple angle iron tripods (11) and two cotton bale support cutting plates (12) installed on the bottom surface of the angle iron tripods (11). A cutting gap is formed between the two cotton bale support cutting plates (12) for the disc cutter (36) to pass through.

3. The multifunctional test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed moving component (2) includes a stepper motor (21), a ball screw module (23), and a lifting platform (24); the ball screw module (23) is used to drive the cutting component (3) to move along the length of the cotton bale, and the lifting platform (24) is used to adjust the height of the cutting component (3).

4. The multifunctional test bench according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lifting platform (24) includes a scissor lift mechanism (241), a hand crank (242), and a locking knob (243); rotating the hand crank (242) can drive the scissor lift mechanism (241) to unfold or retract, and the locking knob (243) can mechanically lock the lifting platform (24).

5. The multifunctional test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The film tension assembly (4) includes a roller fixing plate (41), a tension sensor (42), a tensioning device (43), an adjusting roller (44), and a fixed roller (45); the adjusting roller (44), the fixed roller (45), the tension sensor (42), and the tensioning device (43) are all mounted on the roller fixing plate (41); the tensioning device (43) is connected to the adjusting roller (44) and is used to drive the adjusting roller (44) to rotate; the tension sensor (42) is a roller-type tension sensor and is used to detect the tension change of the packaging film sample wrapped around it.

6. The multifunctional test bench according to claim 5, characterized in that, The tensioning device (43) includes a tensioning disc (431) and a worm gear mechanism (432), which is connected to the adjusting roller (44).

7. The multifunctional test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating shaft (35) has a stepped shaft structure with a disc section in its middle. The disc cutter (36) is installed on the disc section by screws. The end of the rotating shaft (35) is threaded and fitted with a top nut (9e) to prevent loosening.

8. The multifunctional test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The torque sensor (33) and the tension sensor (42) are both connected to a computer (7) for real-time display, recording and storage of test data; the stepper motor (21) and the electric motor (31) are both connected to a controller (8) to adjust the feed speed and tool speed through a program.

9. The multifunctional test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame (1) is formed by splicing aluminum profiles, and each of its four corners is provided with a foot pad and caster connecting plate (13). Casters (14) and foot pads (15) are installed on the foot pad and caster connecting plate (13).

10. A method for testing the cutting of cotton bale packaging film based on the multifunctional test bench according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (a) Test preparation: Place the cotton bale in the cotton bale packaging film cutting test area (5) and support and limit it by the cotton bale support and limiting structure; arrange the packaging film sample in the packaging film sample cutting test area (6) and make it form a horizontally taut cutting area by the packaging film tension component (4); (b) Parameter setting: Set the rotation speed, cutting feed speed and cutting height of the disc cutter (36); and adjust the tension of the packaging film sample by means of the packaging tension component (4) with the pre-measured tension per unit width of the cotton packaging film as the target value, so that it is under the same tension condition as the cotton packaging film. (c) Cutting and data acquisition: The motor (31) and the stepper motor (21) are started in sequence. After the disc cutter (36) reaches the preset speed, the feed moving component (2) drives the cutting component (3) to pass through the packaging film sample cutting test area (6) and the cotton bag packaging film cutting test area (5) in sequence to cut the packaging film sample and the cotton bag packaging film respectively. The torque sensor (33) collects the torque data in real time during the cutting process. (d) Data processing and comparative analysis: Based on the collected torque data, the equivalent cutting forces corresponding to the packaging film sample cutting test and the cotton bale packaging film cutting test were calculated respectively. The equivalent cutting forces of the two cutting objects were compared and analyzed under the same test parameters to study the influence of seed cotton on the packaging film cutting process.

11. The test method according to claim 10, characterized in that, In step (d), the equivalent cutting force The calculation formula is: In the formula, The cutting torque output by the torque sensor (33) is... The angular velocity of the disc cutter (36) is... The feed rate of the disc cutter (36) is given.

12. The test method according to claim 10, characterized in that, Step (d) further includes: taking photos of the cut edges of the cut packaging film sample and the cotton-padded packaging film, and performing Gaussian filtering and binarization on the acquired edge images to extract the clear outline of the cut edges of the packaging film, and calculating the coefficient of variation of the cut edges of the packaging film according to the formula. : In the formula, The standard deviation of the offset of each sampling point on the edge contour. This represents the average offset of each sampling point on the edge contour.

Images