A device for rapid determination of soil organic matter

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of soil organic matter determination, and particularly discloses a soil organic matter rapid determination device, which comprises a pretreatment tank and a crushing part, the crushing part is arranged in the pretreatment tank, a converging hopper is fixedly arranged below the pretreatment tank, a connecting pipe frame is communicated below the converging hopper, a first cavity and a second cavity are arranged in the connecting pipe frame; a valve is arranged above the first cavity, a weighing sensor is arranged at the bottom of the first cavity, an electric cylinder is fixedly arranged outside the first cavity, an output end of the electric cylinder is provided with a push plate, and the push plate is connected with a partition plate through a connecting rod, so that the collected soil can be effectively pretreated, the soil sample and the detection reagent can be quantitatively put, and the rapid determination operation of the soil organic matter is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil organic matter determination technology, and in particular to a rapid soil organic matter determination device. Background Technology

[0002] Soil organic matter, as a core indicator of soil fertility, directly affects soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, microbial activity, and crop growth and development. Accurate and rapid determination of soil organic matter content is crucial for precision agriculture, soil quality assessment, and ecological environment monitoring. Currently, the core step in soil organic matter determination is sample digestion, with commonly used methods including high-temperature external heating potassium dichromate oxidation, microwave digestion, and graphite furnace digestion. Among these, graphite furnace digestion is widely used in laboratories due to its high heat transfer efficiency and relatively stable temperature control; however, existing related equipment still has many shortcomings.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, existing patent (CN206114411U) discloses a digestion device for determining soil organic matter content, comprising a housing, a cover plate, and a graphite block. The cover plate is located at the top of the housing, and the graphite block is located inside the housing. The cover plate is evenly distributed with digestion tube holes, and sealing plates are provided inside the digestion tube holes. Thermal insulation material is provided in the interlayer of the housing. The upper middle part of the graphite block is provided with an upper longitudinal heating tube and an upper transverse heating tube, and the bottom of the graphite block is provided with a lower transverse heating tube and a lower longitudinal heating tube. This digestion device has advantages such as uniform heating, fast heat transfer speed, small temperature fluctuation, simple structure, low cost, and high accuracy, and can quickly and accurately determine the soil organic matter content.

[0004] However, the device lacks a sample pretreatment unit, and soil samples need to be crushed and sieved externally in advance, which is not convenient for rapid determination of soil organic matter. In addition, the device requires manual addition of samples and reagents, which is prone to human error due to improper operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rapid soil organic matter testing device, which aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a rapid soil organic matter testing device, comprising a pretreatment tank and a crushing component. The crushing component is disposed inside the pretreatment tank, and a collecting hopper is fixedly disposed below the pretreatment tank. A connecting pipe frame is connected below the collecting hopper, and a first cavity and a second cavity are disposed inside the connecting pipe frame. A valve is provided above the first cavity, a weighing sensor is provided at the bottom of the first cavity, an electric cylinder is fixedly provided on the outside of the first cavity, a push plate is provided at the output end of the electric cylinder, and the push plate is connected to the partition plate through a connecting rod.

[0007] The pretreatment tank is connected to an inlet at the top, and a cap is detachably installed above the inlet.

[0008] The crushing component includes a motor fixedly mounted above the pretreatment tank, a drive shaft fixedly mounted at the output end of the motor, and a cross support frame rotatably mounted below the drive shaft and fixedly connected to the pretreatment tank.

[0009] The cross support frame is filled with a screening screen, a crushing blade is fixedly installed on the outside of the drive shaft, and a pushing scraper fixedly connected to the drive shaft is installed above the screening screen.

[0010] The connecting tube rack is fixedly mounted above the movable plate, and a reagent tube located outside the connecting tube rack is mounted above the movable plate. The reagent tube is connected to the second cavity of the connecting tube rack through the output tube of the peristaltic pump.

[0011] The movable plate is provided with a lateral moving mechanism on its outer side, and a measuring box is provided on its outer side.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. It integrates sample pretreatment, accurate quantification, automatic reagent addition and detection into one unit, eliminating the need for manual transfer of samples and reagents. This effectively solves the problems of existing devices requiring external pretreatment and being cumbersome to operate, enabling a seamless operation from sample input to result output and effectively improving detection efficiency.

[0013] 2. The crushing blade and the pushing scraper work together to ensure thorough crushing and prevent screen clogging, thereby improving pretreatment efficiency. The internal partitions of the connecting tube rack are clearly defined, allowing for separate sample quantification and reagent mixing to avoid mutual interference. The moving plate and the lateral moving mechanism work together to achieve automated sample transfer. It is compatible with existing test chamber structures, eliminating the need to reconstruct the detection unit and reducing operating costs.

[0014] 3. The weighing sensor enables automated sample quantification, the peristaltic pump enables precise reagent addition, and the lateral movement mechanism enables automated sample transfer. The entire process requires no manual intervention, effectively avoiding the difference in sample and reagent volume caused by manual addition and reducing the error of the test results. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rapid soil organic matter testing device according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pretreatment tank of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the pretreatment tank of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing component of the present invention.

[0020] 101-Pretreatment tank, 102-Collection hopper, 103-Connecting tube rack, 104-First chamber, 105-Second chamber, 106-Electric cylinder, 107-Push plate, 108-Connecting rod, 109-Divider plate, 110-Inlet, 111-Cap, 112-Motor, 113-Drive shaft, 114-Cross support frame, 115-Sieve screen, 116-Pulverizing blade, 117-Push scraper, 118-Moving plate, 119-Reagent tube, 120-Peristaltic pump, 121-Transverse movement mechanism, 122-Measuring box, 123-Valve. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figures 1-4 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rapid soil organic matter testing device according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pretreatment tank of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the pretreatment tank of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing component of the present invention.

[0023] In this embodiment, a pretreatment tank 101 and a pulverizer are included. The pulverizer is disposed inside the pretreatment tank 101. A collecting hopper 102 is fixedly disposed below the pretreatment tank 101, and a connecting pipe frame 103 is connected below the collecting hopper 102. A first cavity 104 and a second cavity 105 are disposed inside the connecting pipe frame 103. A valve 123 is disposed above the first cavity 104, and a weighing sensor is disposed at the bottom of the first cavity 104. An electric cylinder 106 is fixedly disposed on the outside of the first cavity 104, and a push plate 107 is disposed at the output end of the electric cylinder 106. The push plate is connected to a partition plate 109 through a connecting rod 108. The pretreatment tank 101 provides a closed pulverizing and sieving space for soil samples. Soil is put into the pretreatment tank 101, and the pulverizer... The soil is pulverized by a crushing process to ensure that the soil particle size meets the sample requirements. The collecting hopper 102 collects the qualified samples and sends them into the connecting tube frame 103. The soil sample falls onto the weighing sensor in the first cavity. Once the weight of the soil sample reaches the set value, the weighing sensor drives the valve 123 to close via the controller. The partition plate 109 separates the first cavity 104 and the second cavity 105. The electric cylinder 106 pushes the push plate 107 to move into the second cavity. The push plate 107 pushes the partition plate 109 to move synchronously into the second cavity 105 via the connecting rod 108. The push plate 107 pushes a quantitative amount of soil sample into the second cavity 105 and then discharges it downwards, ensuring that the soil sample enters the testing stage only after quantitative measurement is completed.

[0024] The pretreatment tank 101 is connected to an inlet 110 at the top. A cap 111 is detachably installed above the inlet 110. Untreated soil enters the pretreatment tank 101 through the inlet 110. The detachable cap 111 can close the inlet 110 during crushing operations to prevent dust from overflowing and polluting the environment, and at the same time prevent external impurities from entering the tank and affecting the purity of the sample.

[0025] Secondly, the crushing component includes a motor 112 fixedly mounted above the pretreatment tank 101. A drive shaft 113 is fixedly mounted at the output end of the motor 112. A cross support frame 114 fixedly connected to the pretreatment tank 101 is rotatably mounted below the drive shaft 113. The motor 112 drives the drive shaft 113 to rotate, and the cross support frame 114 provides stable support for the drive shaft 113.

[0026] Meanwhile, the cross support frame 114 is filled with a sieve screen 115, and a crushing blade 116 is fixedly installed on the outside of the drive shaft 113. A pushing scraper 117, which is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 113, is installed above the sieve screen 115. The cross support frame 114 also provides a stable installation position for the sieve screen 115. The drive shaft 113 drives the crushing blade 116 to rotate, and the crushing blade 116 shears and crushes the soil sample to ensure uniform sample particle size. The pushing scraper 117 rotates synchronously with the drive shaft 113, and its bottom is in contact with the upper surface of the sieve screen 115 to scrape off the sample adhering to the sieve screen 115, prevent the sieve screen 115 from clogging, and ensure sieve efficiency and the continuity of crushing operation.

[0027] In addition, the connecting tube rack 103 is fixedly installed above the moving plate 118. A reagent tube 119 is installed above the moving plate 118 and located outside the connecting tube rack 103. The reagent tube 119 is connected to the second cavity 105 of the connecting tube rack 103 through the output tube of the peristaltic pump 120. The moving plate 118 carries the connecting tube rack 103 and the reagent tube 119. The reagent tube 119 is used to store the reaction reagents required for soil organic matter determination. The peristaltic pump 120 precisely controls the output of the reagent tube 119 to deliver the reagent from the reagent tube 119 to the second cavity 105, realizing the automated and precise addition of reagents and avoiding errors caused by manual addition.

[0028] Secondly, a lateral moving mechanism 121 is provided on the outer side of the moving plate 118, and a measuring box 122 is provided on the outer side of the lateral moving mechanism 121. The lateral moving mechanism 121 adopts a known prior art structure, which can be a servo motor 112 and a screw working together to realize the lateral moving operation of the moving plate 118 and realize the automated transfer of the mixed sample to the measuring box 122. The measuring box 122 has been described in prior art CN206114411U and is used for rapid determination of soil samples, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0029] In the specific use of the rapid soil organic matter determination device of this embodiment, an empty test tube is placed in the placement port of the determination box 122. The lateral moving mechanism 121 drives the moving plate 118 to move above the detection port of the determination box 122, so that the discharge port below the second cavity 105 is aligned with the detection port of the determination box 122. The required reaction reagent is added to the reagent tube 119. The collected soil sample is poured into the pretreatment tank 101 through the input port 110. The sealing cap 111 is closed, and the motor 11 is started. 2. The motor 112 drives the drive shaft 113 to rotate, which in turn drives the crushing blade 116 and the pushing scraper 117 to rotate synchronously. The crushing blade 116 shears and crushes the soil sample, and the pushing scraper 117 scrapes off the sample adhering to the sieve screen 115. Soil samples with a particle size smaller than the aperture of the sieve screen 115 fall into the collecting hopper 102 through the sieve screen 115. The crushed soil sample falls through the collecting hopper 102 to the top of the weighing sensor in the first cavity 104, and the weighing sensor records the weight data. Feedback is sent to the control unit. When the sample weight suddenly reaches the set value, the control unit controls the valve 123 to close, stopping the soil sample from entering and completing the soil sample quantification. The control unit then starts the peristaltic pump 120, which draws the reaction reagent from the reagent tube 119 according to the set reagent dosage and injects it into the second chamber 105 through the output tube. Simultaneously, the control unit starts the electric cylinder 106, which pushes the push plate 107, causing the partition plate 109 to move laterally via the connecting rod 108, thus opening the first chamber. The first chamber 104 and the second chamber 105 are connected by a channel. The quantified soil sample in the first chamber 104 falls into the second chamber 105 and then falls into an empty test tube through the second chamber 105, so as to achieve full mixing of the soil sample and the reagent solution to form a reaction solution. The test chamber 122 completes the isothermal digestion and optical detection of the soil according to the existing technical process. Finally, the soil organic matter content is calculated based on the absorbance data. This can effectively pre-treat the collected soil and quantitatively add soil samples and test reagents, so as to realize the rapid determination of soil organic matter.

[0030] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of a rapid soil organic matter testing device of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiments can be implemented, and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A rapid soil organic matter testing device, comprising a pretreatment tank (101) and a pulverizer, wherein the pulverizer is disposed within the pretreatment tank (101), characterized in that, A collection hopper (102) is fixedly installed below the pretreatment tank (101), and a connecting pipe rack (103) is connected below the collection hopper (102). A first cavity (104) and a second cavity (105) are provided inside the connecting pipe rack (103). A valve (123) is provided above the first cavity (104), a weighing sensor is provided at the bottom of the first cavity (104), an electric cylinder (106) is fixedly provided on the outside of the first cavity (104), a push plate (107) is provided at the output end of the electric cylinder (106), and the push plate is connected to the partition plate (109) through a connecting rod (108).

2. The rapid soil organic matter determination device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pretreatment tank (101) is connected to an inlet (110) at the top, and a cap (111) is detachably installed above the inlet (110).

3. The rapid soil organic matter determination device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The crushing component includes a motor (112) fixedly installed above the pretreatment tank (101), and a drive shaft (113) is fixedly installed at the output end of the motor (112). A cross support frame (114) fixedly connected to the pretreatment tank (101) is rotatably installed below the drive shaft (113).

4. The rapid soil organic matter testing device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The cross support frame (114) is filled with a sieve screen (115), a crushing blade (116) is fixedly installed on the outside of the drive shaft (113), and a pushing scraper (117) fixedly connected to the drive shaft (113) is installed above the sieve screen (115).

5. The rapid soil organic matter determination device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The connecting tube rack (103) is fixedly disposed above the movable plate (118). A reagent tube (119) is disposed above the movable plate (118) on the outside of the connecting tube rack (103). The reagent tube (119) is connected to the second cavity (105) of the connecting tube rack (103) through the output tube of the peristaltic pump (120).

6. The rapid soil organic matter determination device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, A lateral moving mechanism (121) is provided on the outside of the moving plate (118), and a measuring box (122) is provided on the outside of the lateral moving mechanism (121).

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