Battery device, battery cell and top cover for a battery cell

Abstract

The battery device, the battery cell and the top cover for the battery cell are provided. The battery device comprises a plurality of battery cells, each of which comprises a battery cell shell and a top cover. The battery cell shell comprises a bottom wall and a side wall, and the bottom wall and the side wall jointly enclose a containing cavity with an open end. The top cover is arranged at the open end of the battery cell shell and is in sealed connection with the battery cell shell. The top cover comprises a top cover body, a positive electrode pole and a negative electrode pole which are arranged on the top cover body and constitute a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the battery cell respectively. Lead-out wires are arranged on the positive electrode pole and the negative electrode pole respectively. The first end of the lead-out wire is electrically connected with the corresponding positive electrode pole or negative electrode pole, and the second end of the lead-out wire is provided with a connection interface. The top cover comprises a single battery cell monitoring circuit board which is connected with the connection interface of the lead-out wire, so that the single battery cell monitoring circuit board is powered by the corresponding single battery cell and monitors the single battery cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the technical fields of battery manufacturing and battery safety, and in particular to a battery device, a battery cell, and a top cover for the battery cell. Background Technology

[0002] A battery pack, or battery device, typically contains multiple strings of cells (cells are battery units). Traditional BMS (Battery Management System) generally uses a single chip to collect and monitor data such as voltage, temperature, and current of all cells. Traditional BMS chips typically use a multi-channel polling method to sample data from all cells sequentially. Connecting the positive and negative terminals of all cells to the BMS chip requires complex wiring, and the polling method also greatly increases the data acquisition time. Summary of the Invention

[0003] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a battery device (i.e., a battery pack) is provided, comprising: Multiple battery cells; Each of the battery cells includes a battery cell housing and a top cover. The battery cell housing includes a bottom wall and a side wall. The bottom wall and the side wall together enclose a receiving cavity with an open end. The top cover is disposed on the open end of the battery cell housing and is sealed to the battery cell housing. The top cover includes a top cover body, a positive terminal and a negative terminal mounted on the top cover body, and the positive terminal and the negative terminal respectively constitute the positive and negative terminals of the battery cell. The positive and negative terminals are respectively provided with lead wires (i.e. PCB cables). The first end of the lead wire (i.e. PCB cable) is electrically connected to the corresponding positive or negative terminal, and the second end of the lead wire (i.e. PCB cable) is provided with a connection interface. The top cover includes a single-cell monitoring circuit board, which is connected to the connection interface of the lead wire (i.e., PCB cable), so that the single-cell monitoring circuit board is powered by the corresponding single cell and monitors the single cell.

[0004] A battery device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further includes: an overall battery management system (BMS chip) of the battery device. The overall battery management system and each individual cell monitoring circuit board are connected via wireless or daisy chain communication. The monitoring data obtained by the single-cell monitoring circuit board is transmitted to the overall battery management system of the battery device via wireless or daisy-chain communication.

[0005] According to at least one embodiment of the battery device of the present disclosure, the single cell monitoring circuit board monitors at least one of the voltage of the single cell, the housing temperature, and the housing pressure.

[0006] According to at least one embodiment of the battery device of the present disclosure, the single-cell monitoring circuit board has a storage medium for storing at least the full life cycle monitoring data of the single cell.

[0007] According to at least one embodiment of the battery device of this disclosure, an explosion-proof valve is provided on the top cover.

[0008] According to at least one embodiment of the battery device of the present disclosure, a monitoring chip is disposed on the single cell monitoring circuit board (preferably, the monitoring chip is soldered on the single cell monitoring circuit board).

[0009] According to at least one embodiment of the battery device of this disclosure, the single-cell monitoring circuit board is electrically connected to the connection interface by means of soldering or connectors.

[0010] According to at least one embodiment of the battery device of the present disclosure, the single cell monitoring circuit board is assembled on the top cover before the top cover is fixedly connected to the cell housing.

[0011] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a battery cell (i.e., a battery unit) is provided, comprising: The battery cell housing includes a bottom wall and a side wall, the bottom wall and the side wall together enclose a receiving cavity with an open end, and the top cover is disposed on the open end of the battery cell housing and is sealed to the battery cell housing. The top cover includes a top cover body, a positive terminal and a negative terminal mounted on the top cover body, and the positive terminal and the negative terminal respectively constitute the positive and negative terminals of the battery cell. The positive and negative terminals are respectively provided with lead wires (i.e. PCB cables). The first end of the lead wire (i.e. PCB cable) is electrically connected to the corresponding positive or negative terminal, and the second end of the lead wire (i.e. PCB cable) is provided with a connection interface. The top cover includes a single-cell monitoring circuit board with a monitoring chip. The single-cell monitoring circuit board is connected to the connection interface of the lead wire (i.e., PCB cable), so that the single-cell monitoring circuit board is powered by the corresponding single cell and monitors the single cell.

[0012] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a top cover for a battery cell is provided, comprising: The top cover body, the positive terminal and the negative terminal mounted on the top cover body, the positive terminal and the negative terminal are used to form the positive and negative terminals of the battery cell; The positive and negative terminals are respectively provided with lead wires (i.e. PCB cables). The first end of the lead wire (i.e. PCB cable) is electrically connected to the corresponding positive or negative terminal, and the second end of the lead wire (i.e. PCB cable) is provided with a connection interface. The top cover includes a single-cell monitoring circuit board with a monitoring chip. The single-cell monitoring circuit board is connected to the connection interface of the lead wire (i.e., PCB cable), so that the single-cell monitoring circuit board is powered by the corresponding single cell and monitors the single cell. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description thereof, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure. These drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram (top view) of the overall structure of a battery device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, showing a battery pack composed of multiple cells.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the top cover of a battery cell according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the top cover of a battery cell according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the top cover of a battery cell according to another embodiment of this disclosure.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a communication schematic diagram of a battery device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a communication schematic diagram of a battery device according to another embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present disclosure will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0021] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features described in this disclosure can be combined with each other. The technical solutions of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Unless otherwise stated, the exemplary implementations / embodiments shown are to be understood as providing exemplary features of various details that provide ways in which the technical concepts of this disclosure can be implemented in practice. Therefore, unless otherwise stated, the features of various implementations / embodiments may be additionally combined, separated, interchanged and / or rearranged without departing from the technical concepts of this disclosure.

[0023] The use of crosshairs and / or shading in the accompanying drawings is generally used to clarify the boundaries between adjacent components. Thus, unless otherwise stated, the presence or absence of crosshairs or shading does not convey or indicate any preference or requirement for the specific material, material properties, dimensions, proportions, commonalities between the illustrated components, or any other characteristics, properties, etc., of the components. Furthermore, in the accompanying drawings, the dimensions and relative dimensions of components may be exaggerated for clarity and / or descriptive purposes. When exemplary embodiments can be implemented differently, a specific process sequence may be performed in a different order than that described. For example, two consecutively described processes may be performed substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order of their description. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same components.

[0024] When a component is referred to as being "on" or "above" another component, "connected to," or "joined to" another component, the component may be directly on, directly connected to, or directly joined to the other component, or there may be intermediate components. However, when a component is referred to as being "directly on" another component, "directly connected to," or "directly joined to" another component, there are no intermediate components. Therefore, the term "connection" can refer to a physical connection, an electrical connection, etc., and may or may not have intermediate components.

[0025] For descriptive purposes, this disclosure may use spatial relative terms such as “below,” “under,” “below,” “down,” “above,” “above,” “higher,” and “side (e.g., in a “sidewall”)” to describe the relationship between one component and another component as shown in the accompanying drawings. In addition to the orientations depicted in the drawings, the spatial relative terms are also intended to encompass different orientations of the device during use, operation, and / or manufacture. For example, if the device in the drawings is flipped, a component described as “below” or “under” another component or feature would subsequently be positioned “above” said other component or feature. Thus, the exemplary term “below” can encompass both “above” and “below” orientations. Furthermore, the device may be otherwise positioned (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), thus interpreting the spatial relative descriptive terms used herein accordingly.

[0026] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well. Furthermore, when the terms “comprising” and / or “including” and variations thereof are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of the stated features, integrals, steps, operations, parts, components, and / or groups thereof, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, parts, components, and / or groups thereof. It should also be noted that, as used herein, the terms “substantially,” “about,” and other similar terms are used as approximate terms rather than as terms of degree, thus explaining the inherent biases in measurements, calculated values, and / or provided values ​​that would be recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art.

[0027] refer to Figures 1 to 6 The purpose of this disclosure is to solve the technical problems of difficult PCB (printed circuit board) installation and replacement in existing smart cell monitoring technologies and to further improve the reliability of cell monitoring.

[0028] refer to Figure 1 The battery device 1000 (i.e., battery pack) disclosed herein includes a plurality of battery cells 100. Each battery cell 100 includes a cell housing and a top cover 110, wherein the cell housing is enclosed by a bottom wall and a side wall to form a receiving cavity having an open end, and the top cover 110 is sealed to the open end.

[0029] The top cover 110 is provided with a positive terminal 101 and a negative terminal 102, which constitute the positive and negative terminals of the battery cell 100, respectively. Crucially, PCB cables 105 (i.e., lead wires 105) are led out from the positive terminal 101 and the negative terminal 102, respectively. The first end of the lead wire 105 is electrically connected to the corresponding terminal, and the second end is provided with a connection interface.

[0030] The single cell monitoring circuit board 103 (single cell monitoring PCB) is connected to the lead wire, i.e. PCB cable 105, through the connection interface 1051, so that it is powered by the corresponding single cell 100 and realizes the monitoring of the single cell 100.

[0031] This design enables each cell 100 to have independent data acquisition capabilities, avoiding the complex wiring connections and data acquisition delays of traditional polling-based BMS systems. Simultaneously, the use of lead-out lines, i.e., PCB cables 105, simplifies the installation and replacement of the single-cell monitoring circuit board 103, improving production efficiency and maintenance convenience.

[0032] This disclosure integrates a single-cell monitoring circuit board into the cell top cover, making each cell an intelligent unit with autonomous data acquisition, processing, and status assessment capabilities. This achieves single-cell-level isolation and on-site decision-making in abnormal states, effectively enhancing the safety protection level of the battery device. Simultaneously, the top cover integration scheme of this disclosure significantly simplifies the overall architecture complexity of the battery management system, providing assurance for modular design, expanded applications, and long-term reliable operation of the battery system.

[0033] refer to Figure 2 Preferably, the lead wire 105 of this disclosure is led out from the positive terminal 101 and the negative terminal 102 and disposed in the edge region of the top cover 110, so that the lead wire 105 can extend along the edge direction of the top cover 110 and be arranged in the edge region of the top cover. This embodiment can make full use of the edge region of the top cover 110, effectively avoid interference with the explosion-proof valve 104 in the central region, ensure the compactness and safety of the overall structure of the top cover, and facilitate the pre-assembly of the single-cell monitoring circuit board 103.

[0034] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the battery device 1000 of this disclosure also includes an overall battery management system 400 (BMS), which is connected to each individual cell monitoring circuit board 103 via wireless or daisy-chain communication.

[0035] refer to Figure 5 In some embodiments of this disclosure, the individual cells 100 of the battery device 1000 are connected in series sequentially.

[0036] The monitoring results (real-time monitoring results and / or timed monitoring results) of the single cell monitoring circuit board 103 of each cell 100 are transmitted to the BMS chip 400 via a serial data bus.

[0037] The serial data bus can be implemented in ways that include, but are not limited to, daisy-chain communication.

[0038] In this embodiment, each battery cell 100 is connected in series, and the monitoring results of each individual battery cell monitoring circuit board 103 are transmitted to the BMS chip via a serial data bus. The serial data bus adopts a daisy-chain communication structure, that is, each individual battery cell monitoring circuit board 103 is connected end to end in sequence to form a chain transmission link.

[0039] This implementation method achieves orderly transmission of real-time monitoring results through a unified serial protocol, ensuring that the BMS chip can efficiently and accurately summarize data and improve the data transmission stability of the battery device.

[0040] refer to Figure 6 In some other embodiments of this disclosure, the individual cells 100 of the battery device 1000 are connected in series sequentially.

[0041] The monitoring results (real-time monitoring results and / or timed monitoring results) of the single cell monitoring circuit board 103 of each cell 100 are transmitted to the BMS chip via wireless communication.

[0042] The frequency band for wireless communication can be ISM bands such as 433M, 900M, 2.4G, and the communication protocol includes, but is not limited to, Bluetooth, Wifi, Zigbee, LoRa, NB-IoT or other private wireless networking communication protocols, all of which fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0043] In this embodiment, each battery cell 100 is connected in series, and the monitoring results of each single battery cell monitoring circuit board 103 are transmitted to the BMS chip through wireless communication, realizing data interaction without physical connection.

[0044] This implementation simplifies the overall structure of the battery device, improves installation flexibility and scalability, ensures stable transmission of monitoring data under complex operating conditions, and enhances the real-time response capability to anomalies in individual cells.

[0045] For the battery device 1000 of this disclosure, the single cell monitoring circuit board 103 of the cell 100 includes, but is not limited to, monitoring at least one of the voltage of the single cell, the housing temperature and the housing pressure.

[0046] Voltage monitoring is used to assess the state of charge and / or health of the battery cell; casing temperature monitoring is used to determine whether the battery cell is overheated and to prevent thermal runaway; casing pressure monitoring can detect internal abnormalities of the battery cell in advance, such as gas generation, electrolyte decomposition and other potential safety issues.

[0047] This disclosure provides a comprehensive understanding of the operating status of a single battery cell through multi-parameter monitoring, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the battery system. These monitoring parameters can be flexibly configured according to the specific application requirements.

[0048] In another embodiment, the single-cell monitoring circuit board 103 has a storage medium, such as a memory chip, for storing full lifecycle monitoring data of the single cell.

[0049] The storage medium can be a non-volatile memory such as EEPROM or Flash, capable of recording data throughout the entire process of battery cell production, assembly, use, and disposal. This data includes, but is not limited to, charge / discharge cycle count, maximum / minimum voltage, highest / lowest temperature, and abnormal event records.

[0050] The storage of full life cycle data provides an important basis for cell health status assessment, fault diagnosis and predictive maintenance, and also provides data support for battery recycling and secondary use.

[0051] This self-storage capability of data disclosed herein enables each cell 100 to become a "smart unit" that retains its historical operating information even when disconnected from the battery management system (BMS).

[0052] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments of this disclosure, an explosion-proof valve 104 is provided on the top cover 110 of the battery cell 100. The explosion-proof valve is a key component in the safety design of the battery cell, and it automatically opens to release the internal pressure when the internal pressure of the battery cell abnormally increases.

[0053] A monitoring chip is configured on the single-cell monitoring circuit board 103 described above in this disclosure, and the monitoring chip is preferably soldered on the single-cell monitoring circuit board 103.

[0054] The monitoring chip is the core of the single-cell monitoring system, namely the single-cell monitoring circuit board 103, and is responsible for data acquisition, processing, and communication. The monitoring chip can integrate functional units such as analog-to-digital converter (ADC), microcontroller (MCU), communication module, and storage medium, and can achieve high-precision measurement of parameters such as voltage and temperature, and perform status assessment through built-in algorithms.

[0055] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4In some embodiments of this disclosure, the single-cell monitoring circuit board 103 is preferably electrically connected to the connection interface 1051 by soldering or a connector.

[0056] refer to Figure 3 (Top view) When using the soldering method, the connection interface 1051 is designed as a solder pad, and the single cell monitoring circuit board 103 can be soldered to the two connection interfaces using the existing soldering method.

[0057] refer to Figure 4 (Top view) When using the plug-in method, the connection interface 1051 is designed as a pin or socket, and the single cell monitoring circuit board 103 is plugged into the two connection interfaces 1051 by plugging and unplugging.

[0058] Both connection methods avoid the complex process of directly soldering the PCB (printed circuit board) to the battery cell terminals in traditional solutions, simplifying the production and assembly process, and making PCB replacement and maintenance simple and feasible.

[0059] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the single cell monitoring circuit board 103 is assembled on the top cover 110 before the top cover 110 is fixedly connected to the cell housing.

[0060] The above-described implementation method applies to the pre-assembly mode in the battery cell manufacturing process. During battery cell assembly, the top cover 110 (with the pre-assembled single-cell monitoring circuit board 103) is first connected to the battery cell housing, followed by electrolyte injection and subsequent formation processes. This pre-assembly method simplifies the battery cell production line process, improves production efficiency, and ensures that the single-cell monitoring system has undergone complete testing before the battery cell leaves the factory, guaranteeing system reliability. Furthermore, this method avoids the contamination risks that may arise from PCB installation after the top cover and battery cell housing are assembled, thus improving the overall quality of the battery cell.

[0061] This disclosure also provides a battery cell 100 (i.e., battery unit) for the battery device 1000 of the various embodiments described above. Its structure is the same as that of the battery cell in the battery device 1000 described above, including a battery cell housing, a top cover 110, a positive terminal 101, a negative terminal 102, a lead wire 105, and a single battery cell monitoring circuit board 103, etc.

[0062] Since the battery cell 100 disclosed herein is equipped with a single-cell monitoring circuit board 103 (preferably having a monitoring chip and a storage chip), the battery cell 100 disclosed herein can function as an independent functional unit, capable of monitoring its own status and storing data.

[0063] This disclosure also provides a top cover 110 for a battery cell 100, the top cover 110 including a top cover body, positive and negative terminals, lead wires 105 and a single battery cell monitoring circuit board 103.

[0064] The top cover 110 disclosed herein can be supplied to cell manufacturers as a standalone product. This modular design allows the top cover 110 to be flexibly applied to different types of cell 100.

[0065] The printed circuit board (PCB) described above in this disclosure is preferably a flexible circuit board (FPC).

[0066] The technical effects of this disclosure are mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, this disclosure solves the problem of difficult installation and replacement of single-cell monitoring circuit boards by pre-leading positive and negative terminals (i.e., lead wires 105) onto the positive and negative terminals of the cell's top cover and setting up connection interfaces. Traditional laser welding connection methods are almost impossible to repair once a problem occurs; however, the connection method of this disclosure allows the PCB to be plugged in and replaced like a regular electronic module, significantly reducing maintenance costs and improving system reliability. In practical applications, when a single-cell monitoring circuit board fails, only the PCB module needs to be replaced, without replacing the entire cell, significantly reducing maintenance costs.

[0067] Secondly, this disclosure simplifies the production and assembly process of smart battery cells. During the battery cell manufacturing process, the top cover pre-installed with the monitoring PCB can be connected to the battery cell housing first, which improves production efficiency, reduces manufacturing costs, and reduces the battery cell defect rate caused by subsequent PCB installation.

[0068] Third, this disclosure achieves true independent monitoring of each individual cell. Each cell is equipped with an independent monitoring PCB, avoiding the data delay problem of traditional polling-based data acquisition, improving the real-time performance and accuracy of data acquisition, and providing more timely and accurate data support for battery safety management.

[0069] Fourth, this disclosure enables full lifecycle data management for battery cells. Monitoring data for each cell is stored on its own PCB, forming a complete "cell profile." This provides a data foundation for battery health status assessment, fault diagnosis, predictive maintenance, and secondary utilization, helping to improve the overall value of the battery system. During the battery recycling phase, this historical data can help accurately assess the remaining value of the cells, providing a basis for secondary utilization.

[0070] Fifth, this disclosure has good compatibility and scalability. The top cover can be used as an independent module in existing battery cell designs without requiring large-scale modifications to the main battery cell structure; at the same time, the functions of the monitoring PCB can be expanded as needed, such as adding more sensor interfaces and enhancing communication capabilities, to adapt to the needs of different application scenarios.

[0071] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment / mode," "some embodiments / modes," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment / mode or example is included in at least one embodiment / mode or example of this disclosure. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment / mode or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments / modes or examples. Furthermore, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments / modes or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments / modes or examples.

[0072] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this disclosure, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0073] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. Those skilled in the art can make other changes or modifications based on the above disclosure, and these changes or modifications still fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A battery device, characterized in that, include: Multiple battery cells; Each of the battery cells includes a battery cell housing and a top cover. The battery cell housing includes a bottom wall and a side wall. The bottom wall and the side wall together enclose a receiving cavity with an open end. The top cover is disposed on the open end of the battery cell housing and is sealed to the battery cell housing. The top cover includes a top cover body, a positive terminal and a negative terminal mounted on the top cover body, and the positive terminal and the negative terminal respectively constitute the positive and negative terminals of the battery cell. Lead wires are respectively led out from the positive terminal and the negative terminal. The first end of the lead wire is electrically connected to the corresponding positive terminal or negative terminal, and the second end of the lead wire is provided with a connection interface. The top cover includes a single-cell monitoring circuit board, which is connected to the connection interface of the lead wire, so that the single-cell monitoring circuit board is powered by the corresponding single cell and monitors the single cell.

2. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The overall battery management system of the battery device; The overall battery management system and each individual cell monitoring circuit board are connected via wireless or daisy chain communication. The monitoring data obtained by the single-cell monitoring circuit board is transmitted to the overall battery management system of the battery device via wireless or daisy-chain communication.

3. The battery device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The single-cell monitoring circuit board monitors at least one of the voltage, housing temperature, and housing pressure of the single cell.

4. The battery device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The single-cell monitoring circuit board has a storage medium, which is used to store at least the full life cycle monitoring data of the single cell.

5. The battery device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, An explosion-proof valve is installed on the top cover.

6. The battery device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The single-cell monitoring circuit board is equipped with a monitoring chip.

7. The battery device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The single-cell monitoring circuit board is electrically connected to the connection interface by soldering or using connectors.

8. The battery device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The single-cell monitoring circuit board is assembled on the top cover before the top cover is fixedly connected to the cell housing.

9. A battery cell, characterized in that, include: The battery cell housing includes a bottom wall and a side wall, the bottom wall and the side wall together enclose a receiving cavity with an open end, and the top cover is disposed on the open end of the battery cell housing and is sealed to the battery cell housing. The top cover includes a top cover body, a positive terminal and a negative terminal mounted on the top cover body, and the positive terminal and the negative terminal respectively constitute the positive and negative terminals of the battery cell. Lead wires are respectively led out from the positive terminal and the negative terminal. The first end of the lead wire is electrically connected to the corresponding positive terminal or negative terminal, and the second end of the lead wire is provided with a connection interface. The top cover includes a single-cell monitoring circuit board, on which a monitoring chip is provided. The single-cell monitoring circuit board is connected to the connection interface of the lead wire, so that the single-cell monitoring circuit board is powered by the corresponding single cell and monitors the single cell. Optionally, the single-cell monitoring circuit board monitors at least one of the voltage of the single cell, the housing temperature, and the housing pressure. Optionally, the single-cell monitoring circuit board has a storage medium, which is used to store at least the full life cycle monitoring data of the single cell; Optionally, an explosion-proof valve is provided on the top cover; Optionally, the single-cell monitoring circuit board is electrically connected to the connection interface by soldering or using connectors; Optionally, the single-cell monitoring circuit board is assembled on the top cover before the top cover is fixedly connected to the cell housing.

10. A top cover for a battery cell, characterized in that, include: The top cover body, the positive terminal and the negative terminal mounted on the top cover body, the positive terminal and the negative terminal are used to form the positive and negative terminals of the battery cell; Lead wires are respectively led out from the positive terminal and the negative terminal. The first end of the lead wire is electrically connected to the corresponding positive terminal or negative terminal, and the second end of the lead wire is provided with a connection interface. The top cover includes a single-cell monitoring circuit board, on which a monitoring chip is provided. The single-cell monitoring circuit board is connected to the connection interface of the lead wire, so that the single-cell monitoring circuit board is powered by the corresponding single cell and monitors the single cell. Optionally, the single-cell monitoring circuit board monitors at least one of the voltage, housing temperature, and housing pressure of a single cell. Optionally, the single-cell monitoring circuit board has a storage medium, which is used to store at least the full life cycle monitoring data of a single cell; Optionally, an explosion-proof valve is provided on the top cover; Optionally, the single-cell monitoring circuit board is electrically connected to the connection interface by soldering or using connectors; Optionally, the single-cell monitoring circuit board is assembled on the top cover before the top cover is fixedly connected to the cell housing.

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