Battery, method for thermal management of the same and vehicle

Abstract

This application discloses a battery, its thermal management method, and a vehicle. The battery includes: a casing with an exhaust valve communicating with the outside, and an exhaust passage connected to the exhaust valve inside the casing; a battery cell installed inside the casing, with an explosion-proof valve on the side of the battery cell facing the exhaust passage; an interception module, at least partially disposed within the exhaust passage, for intercepting flammable substances within the exhaust passage; a detection module, at least partially disposed within the exhaust passage, for detecting the state of smoke within the exhaust passage; and a fire extinguishing module, at least partially disposed within the exhaust passage and located between the detection module and the exhaust valve, for extinguishing open flames within the exhaust passage. By intercepting flammable substances emitted during thermal runaway from the battery cell by the interception module, quickly identifying the presence of open flames within the exhaust passage by the detection module, and rapidly extinguishing open flames as they are emitted to the outside, the overall safety and practicality of the battery are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of battery technology, and in particular relates to a battery, its thermal management method, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] When the cells in a battery pack experience thermal runaway, they produce a large amount of high-temperature flammable gas, smoke, and projectiles, including flammable particles. These flammable particles can easily ignite when they come into contact with oxygen, posing a significant safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a battery, its thermal management method, and a vehicle thereof, effectively preventing open flames from escalating during thermal runaway of the battery cell, reducing safety hazards, and improving battery safety.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a battery comprising: The housing is equipped with an exhaust valve that communicates with the outside, and an exhaust passage that communicates with the exhaust valve is provided inside the housing. The battery cell is installed inside the housing, and an explosion-proof valve is provided on the side of the battery cell facing the exhaust channel; An interception module, at least partially located in the exhaust passage, is used to intercept flammable substances in the exhaust passage. The detection module is at least partially located in the exhaust channel, and the detection module is used to detect the state of the flue gas in the exhaust channel. The fire extinguishing module is at least partially located in the exhaust channel and between the detection module and the exhaust valve. The fire extinguishing module is used to extinguish open flames in the exhaust channel.

[0005] According to the battery of this application, by setting an interception module at the inlet of the exhaust channel, it can effectively intercept flammable materials such as solid sparks and molten residue emitted from the cell during thermal runaway, significantly reducing the probability of flammable materials coming into contact with external oxygen and igniting an open flame. The detection module can accurately detect the state of the smoke and quickly identify whether there is an open flame in the exhaust channel, providing an accurate and timely trigger signal for the fire extinguishing action, avoiding false or delayed activation of the fire extinguishing module. The fire extinguishing module is set between the detection module and the exhaust valve, and can quickly extinguish the open flame as it is discharged to the outside. This not only prevents the open flame from spraying out of the battery casing and igniting surrounding materials, thus avoiding a dangerous flame phenomenon, but also effectively prevents the open flame from flowing back into the battery casing from the exhaust valve, preventing the flammable gas accumulated in the casing from being ignited and causing a secondary explosion or continued combustion. This fundamentally improves the battery's safety protection capability during cell thermal runaway and effectively enhances the overall safety and practicality of the battery.

[0006] According to one embodiment of this application, the exhaust passage includes a first exhaust section and a second exhaust section connected in sequence; The housing includes: The base plate supports the battery cells. The bottom protective plate is located on the lower side of the bottom plate and is spaced apart from the bottom plate to form the first exhaust section. The explosion-proof valve of the battery cell corresponds to the first exhaust section. The frame is mounted on the base plate, the exhaust valve is mounted on the frame, and a second exhaust section is provided inside the frame. The end of the second exhaust section away from the first exhaust section is connected to the exhaust valve. At least a part of the detection module, the fire extinguishing module and the interception module are located in the second exhaust section. The first exhaust section and the second exhaust section extend in different directions.

[0007] According to one embodiment of this application, the detection module is located at the end where the second exhaust section connects to the first exhaust section, and the fire extinguishing module is located in the middle of the second exhaust section.

[0008] According to one embodiment of this application, a first opening communicating with a first exhaust section is provided on the bottom plate, the first opening is offset from the frame, a second opening is provided on the inner side wall of the frame, and a connecting pipe communicating with the first opening and the second opening is provided on the bottom plate. The interception module includes a first filter element disposed at a first opening, and the detection module is installed on the first filter element.

[0009] According to one embodiment of this application, a flow guide shroud is provided outside the frame and covers the exhaust valve, and the bottom of the flow guide shroud is open; The interception module includes a second filter element, which is located at the opening.

[0010] According to one embodiment of this application, the fire extinguishing module includes: A gas storage tank is located on the shell and on one side of the exhaust passage. The gas storage tank contains fire extinguishing gas. The nozzle is connected to the gas tank and extends at least partially into the exhaust passage.

[0011] According to one embodiment of this application, a plurality of nozzles are provided, and the plurality of nozzles are evenly distributed along the circumference of the exhaust channel.

[0012] According to one embodiment of this application, the detection module includes a pressure sensor and an open flame sensor. The pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure in the exhaust passage, and the open flame sensor is used to detect whether there is an open flame in the exhaust passage.

[0013] Secondly, this application provides a thermal management method for a battery applied to any of the technical solutions in the first aspect, the thermal management method comprising: Acquire flue gas state information within the exhaust channel, including pressure information and flame content; When the pressure exceeds the preset pressure threshold and the flame content is lower than the preset flame threshold, record the gas depressurization time and pressure information; When the pressure exceeds the preset pressure threshold and the flame content is higher than the preset flame threshold, the fire extinguishing module is controlled to spray fire extinguishing gas into the exhaust channel.

[0014] According to the thermal management method provided in the embodiments of this application, the entire process achieves accurate risk classification and differentiated active response after thermal runaway pressure relief. When there is no open flame, no unnecessary actions are taken to ensure pressure relief efficiency. When there is an open flame, rapid intervention is provided to achieve safety protection. This not only solves the problems of traditional passive pressure relief without risk identification and easy to cause secondary explosion, but also avoids the ineffective activation of the fire extinguishing module and extends the service life of the fire extinguishing module. At the same time, the recorded pressure relief data also provides data support for the subsequent operation and maintenance of the battery, upgrading the battery's thermal management from traditional passive protection to intelligent protection with active identification and graded response, which greatly improves the active safety and operational reliability of the power battery system.

[0015] According to one embodiment of this application, when the pressure information exceeds a preset pressure threshold and the flame content is higher than a preset flame threshold, the step of controlling the fire extinguishing module to spray fire extinguishing gas into the exhaust channel includes: When the pressure exceeds the preset pressure threshold and the flame content is higher than the first preset flame threshold but lower than the second preset flame threshold, an audible and visual alarm signal is sent and the fire extinguishing module is controlled to spray fire extinguishing gas into the exhaust channel at a first preset flow rate, wherein the second preset flame threshold is higher than the first preset flame threshold. If the pressure exceeds a preset pressure threshold and the flame content is higher than a second preset flame threshold, an alarm signal is sent to the cloud platform and / or mobile user terminal, and the fire extinguishing module is controlled to spray fire extinguishing gas into the exhaust channel at a second preset flow rate, wherein the second preset flow rate is greater than the first preset flow rate.

[0016] According to one embodiment of this application, the thermal management method further includes: When the pressure information exceeds the preset pressure threshold and the flame content is higher than the first preset flame threshold but lower than the second preset flame threshold, the power of the control cell is reduced to the first preset power. When the pressure information exceeds the preset pressure threshold and the flame content is higher than the second preset flame threshold, the power of the control cell is reduced to the second preset power and a shutdown suggestion signal is sent, wherein the second preset power is lower than the first preset power.

[0017] Thirdly, this application provides a vehicle that includes a battery according to any of the technical solutions in the first aspect, the battery being used to provide electrical energy to the vehicle.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the vehicle provided in the third aspect of this application are the same as those of the battery provided in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0019] Fourthly, this application provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the thermal management method of the first aspect described above.

[0020] Fifthly, this application provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the thermal management method as described in the first aspect above.

[0021] In a sixth aspect, this application provides a chip including a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface being coupled to the processor, the processor being used to run programs or instructions to implement the thermal management method as described in the first aspect.

[0022] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the thermal management method as described in the first aspect above.

[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the battery provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the battery provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a partial structural block diagram of the battery provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is another partial structural schematic diagram of the battery provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a partial explosion structure of a battery provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is another partial structural schematic diagram of the battery provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the side beam and bottom plate provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is another partial structural schematic diagram of the side beam and bottom plate provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 9This is another partial exploded structure diagram of the battery provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 10 This is another partial structural schematic diagram of the battery provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is another partial exploded structure diagram of the battery provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 12 This is a schematic flowchart of the battery thermal management method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 13 This is a structural block diagram of the thermal management device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 14 This is a structural block diagram of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0025] Figure label: 10. Battery; 110. Housing; 111. Exhaust valve; 112. Exhaust channel; 1121. First exhaust section; 1122. Second exhaust section; 113. Base plate; 1131. First opening; 114. Bottom guard plate; 115. Frame; 1151. Second opening; 116. Adaptor pipe; 120. Battery cell; 121. Explosion-proof valve; 130. Interception module; 131. First filter element; 132. Second filter element; 140. Detection module; 150. Fire extinguishing module; 160. Flow deflector; 310. Acquisition module; 320. Recording module; 330. Control module; 800. Electronic device; 801. Processor; 802. Memory. Detailed Implementation

[0026] When a cell in a battery pack experiences thermal runaway, it generates a large amount of high-temperature flammable gas, smoke, and projectiles. Current technology generally uses pressure relief valves (explosion-proof valves) as the main safety pressure relief devices. Their core function is to quickly open when the internal pressure of the battery pack reaches a threshold, releasing high-pressure gas and preventing the battery pack casing from bursting due to overpressure.

[0027] However, this passive pressure relief scheme has a major safety hazard: the thermal runaway ejecta may contain high-temperature solid particles (sparks). Typical pressure relief valves only consider gas flow efficiency and cannot effectively intercept these sparks. Once these high-temperature sparks are ejected from the battery pack along with flammable gas, they can easily ignite the ejected gas flow, forming an open flame.

[0028] Even more dangerously, an open flame could flow back into the battery pack through the pressure relief valve, igniting the flammable gas accumulated inside and causing a catastrophic secondary explosion or continued burning, seriously threatening the safety of the occupants.

[0029] Based on the above considerations, this application proposes a battery, its thermal management method, and a vehicle, which effectively prevents open flames from occurring when the battery cell experiences thermal runaway, reduces safety hazards, and improves battery safety.

[0030] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0031] The following is for reference. Figures 1-11 This application describes a battery, its thermal management method, and a vehicle according to embodiments thereof.

[0032] Please see Figures 1-3 This application provides a battery 10, which includes: a housing 110, a battery cell 120, an interception module 130, a detection module 140, and a fire extinguishing module 150. The housing 110 is provided with an exhaust valve 111 communicating with the outside, and an exhaust passage 112 communicating with the exhaust valve 111 is provided inside the housing 110; the battery cell 120 is installed inside the housing 110, and an explosion-proof valve 121 is provided on the side of the battery cell 120 facing the exhaust passage 112; the interception module 130 is at least partially disposed in the exhaust passage 112, and the interception module 130 is used to intercept combustible materials in the exhaust passage 112; the detection module 140 is at least partially disposed in the exhaust passage 112, and the detection module 140 is used to detect the smoke state in the exhaust passage 112; the fire extinguishing module 150 is at least partially disposed in the exhaust passage 112, and is located between the detection module 140 and the exhaust valve 111, and the fire extinguishing module 150 is used to extinguish open flames in the exhaust passage 112.

[0033] The housing 110 serves as the overall protection and mounting carrier for the battery 10. It is made of a hard material that is resistant to temperature and pressure. The optional material is one or more combinations of aluminum alloy, stainless steel, and modified engineering plastics. The overall structure of the housing 110 is a sealed cavity structure, which forms an installation space to accommodate the battery cell 120, the interception module 130, the detection module 140, and the fire extinguishing module 150. At the same time, the exhaust channel 112 opened on the housing 110 is a communication channel between the inside and outside of the housing 110. The extension direction of the exhaust channel 112 can be set vertically along the side wall of the housing 110 or horizontally along the end wall of the housing 110. The cross-sectional shape of the exhaust channel 112 is not specifically limited and can be set as any one of circular, square, rectangular, or oval shapes. The inner diameter of the exhaust channel 112 is designed to be adapted to the overall specifications of the battery 10 to ensure that the gas inside the housing 110 can flow smoothly. The exhaust valve 111 is a valve body structure with dual functions of pressure relief and sealing. It is connected to the housing 110 by bolt fixing, welding or integral molding. The exhaust valve 111 adopts a normally open or slightly open structure. Its opening pressure threshold can be set in advance according to the pressure resistance performance of the housing 110. It is normally kept in a sealed state. When the pressure in the exhaust channel 112 reaches the threshold, it automatically opens. After pressure relief, it can be reset and closed, effectively preventing external impurities from entering the housing 110.

[0034] The battery cell 120 is the core component for energy storage in the battery 10. The number and form of the battery cell 120 are not specifically limited. The number of battery cells 120 can be one, two, three or more. When multiple battery cells 120 are used, they are arranged in an array in the mounting area within the housing 110. The battery cell 120 can be a soft-pack battery cell 120 or a hard-shell battery cell 120. The battery cell 120 can be installed independently within the housing 110, or multiple battery cells 120 can be combined to form a battery cell 120 module and installed as a whole within the housing 110. The battery cell 120 can be cylindrical, cuboid, etc., and the specific shape is not limited.

[0035] All battery cells 120 are arranged facing the exhaust channel 112. Each battery cell 120 is equipped with an explosion-proof valve 121 on the side facing the exhaust channel 112. A preset installation gap is left between the battery cell 120 and the inner wall of the housing 110 to allow the gas generated during thermal runaway of the battery cell 120 to smoothly converge towards the exhaust channel 112. The explosion-proof valve 121 is a pressure relief component of the battery cell 120 and is integrated on the end face of the battery cell 120. The explosion-proof valve 121 adopts an existing mature easily ruptured structure. Its rupture pressure threshold is preset according to the specifications of the battery cell 120. When high-pressure gas is generated inside the battery cell 120 due to thermal runaway, the internal pressure reaches the rupture threshold of the explosion-proof valve 121, and the explosion-proof valve 121 will quickly rupture and open, allowing the high-temperature gas, smoke and combustible materials inside the battery cell 120 to be discharged into the exhaust channel 112.

[0036] The interception module 130 is at least partially located within the exhaust channel 112. Its connection to the exhaust channel 112 can be a detachable snap-fit, welded, or bolted connection. In some examples, the interception module 130 can be positioned close to the inlet of the exhaust channel 112 on the side of the explosion-proof valve 121. This positioning allows the substances emitted by the battery cell 120 to be intercepted in the initial stage of entering the exhaust channel 112, thereby improving the interception effect. The interception module 130 is used to intercept combustible materials in the exhaust channel 112. These combustible materials include high-temperature solid sparks generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 120 and molten combustible residues. The specific structure of the interception module 130 can be selected from one or more combinations of metal filter mesh, ceramic filter element, and high-temperature resistant fiber cotton. The metal filter mesh can be set as a multi-layer mesh structure with a mesh size of 50-100 micrometers. The ceramic filter element is a porous honeycomb structure with a porosity of 40-60%. The high-temperature resistant fiber cotton is made of aluminum silicate fiber cotton. Each interception module 130 has the characteristics of high temperature resistance and gas passage, and can effectively intercept solid and molten combustible materials in the exhaust channel 112 while allowing high-temperature gas to pass through.

[0037] The detection module 140 is at least partially located within the exhaust channel 112. Its connection to the exhaust channel 112 can be a detachable snap-fit ​​or bolt-fixed method. The detection module 140 is used to detect the state of the smoke within the exhaust channel 112. The state of the smoke includes the temperature of the smoke, the presence of an open flame, and the concentration of the smoke. In some examples, the specific structure of the detection module 140 can be a combination of a temperature sensor and a flame detector, or an infrared smoke detector. The flame detector is an ultraviolet flame detector or an infrared flame detector, which can quickly identify whether there is an open flame in the exhaust channel 112. The temperature sensor is a thermocouple temperature sensor, which can detect the temperature of the smoke in real time. The infrared smoke detector can detect the temperature and concentration of the smoke simultaneously. The detection probe of the detection module 140 faces the interior of the exhaust channel 112 to ensure accurate capture of the smoke state information within the exhaust channel 112.

[0038] The fire extinguishing module 150 is at least partially located within the exhaust channel 112 and between the detection module 140 and the exhaust valve 111. The exhaust valve 111 is the opening and closing component at the outlet of the exhaust channel 112 and is fixedly connected to the housing 110. The fire extinguishing module 150 is located in the middle and rear section of the exhaust channel 112, and can extinguish the open flame as it moves towards the outlet of the exhaust channel 112 after the detection module 140 detects it. The fire extinguishing module 150 is electrically connected to the control circuit of the housing 110 and can receive signals transmitted by the control circuit and trigger its operation. The connection between the fire extinguishing module 150 and the exhaust channel 112 is a detachable snap-fit ​​or bolt-fixed connection, which facilitates the subsequent replacement of the fire extinguishing medium. The fire extinguishing module 150 is used to extinguish open flames in the exhaust channel 112. It can be one of the following: dry powder fire extinguishing device, aerosol fire extinguishing device, or ultrafine water mist fire extinguishing device. The dry powder fire extinguishing device is filled with ABC dry powder extinguishing agent. The aerosol fire extinguishing device is a thermal aerosol fire extinguishing device. The ultrafine water mist fire extinguishing device sprays ultrafine water mist through a high-pressure nozzle. Each fire extinguishing device is a miniature trigger-type structure. Its nozzle faces the inside of the exhaust channel 112, and the spray range of the nozzle can cover the entire cross-section of the exhaust channel 112, ensuring that the extinguishing medium can fully contact the open flames in the exhaust channel 112 and quickly extinguish the flames.

[0039] In actual operation, when any one or more battery cells 120 inside the casing 110 experience thermal runaway, a large amount of high-temperature, high-pressure gas will be rapidly generated inside the battery cell 120. When the internal pressure of the battery cell 120 reaches the rupture threshold of the explosion-proof valve 121, the explosion-proof valve 121 will rupture and open rapidly, and the high-temperature gas, flue gas, solid spark particles, molten residue, and other combustible substances inside the battery cell 120 will be discharged together towards the inlet end of the exhaust channel 112. After entering the exhaust channel 112, the various substances first pass through the interception module 130 near the inlet end. While allowing the high-temperature gas and flue gas to pass smoothly, the interception module 130 effectively intercepts the solid spark particles, molten residue, and other combustible substances in the exhaust channel 112, reducing the inducing factors for open flame generation from the source. After being intercepted, the flue gas continues to flow along the exhaust channel 112 towards the exhaust valve 111. When the flue gas passes through the detection module 140, the detection module 140 detects the temperature of the flue gas in real time. The system detects the presence of open flames or other smoke and transmits the detected signal to the control circuit of the housing 110 in real time. If the detection module 140 detects an open flame in the exhaust channel 112, the control circuit immediately sends a trigger signal to the fire extinguishing module 150. Upon receiving the signal, the fire extinguishing module 150 quickly activates and releases fire extinguishing medium into the exhaust channel 112. The fire extinguishing medium covers the entire cross-section of the exhaust channel 112 and comes into full contact with the open flame, quickly extinguishing the open flame in the exhaust channel 112. After the open flame is extinguished, the gas in the exhaust channel 112 still maintains a certain pressure. When the pressure reaches the opening threshold of the exhaust valve 111, the exhaust valve 111 automatically opens, and the gas that has had its open flame hazard eliminated is discharged to the external environment through the exhaust valve 111 along the exhaust channel 112, completing the entire safety protection process of pressure relief, interception, detection, and fire extinguishing. After the pressure inside the housing 110 returns to normal, the exhaust valve 111 can be reset and closed to maintain the sealed state of the housing 110.

[0040] According to the battery 10 of this application, by setting the interception module 130 at the inlet of the exhaust channel 112, it can effectively intercept flammable materials such as solid sparks and molten residue discharged from the thermal runaway of the battery cell 120 at the source, greatly reducing the probability of flammable materials coming into contact with external oxygen and causing open flame; the detection module 140 can accurately detect the smoke state and quickly identify whether there is an open flame in the exhaust channel 112, providing an accurate and timely trigger signal for the fire extinguishing action, avoiding false or delayed activation of the fire extinguishing module 150; the fire extinguishing module 150 is set at the detection... The connection between module 140 and exhaust valve 111 can quickly extinguish open flames as they are expelled to the outside. This prevents open flames from igniting surrounding materials and creating a dangerous fire, and also effectively prevents open flames from flowing back into the battery 10 casing 110 through exhaust valve 111. This prevents flammable gases accumulated inside the casing 110 from being ignited and causing a secondary explosion or continued combustion. This fundamentally improves the safety protection capability of battery 10 in the event of thermal runaway of cell 120, and effectively enhances the overall safety and practicality of battery 10.

[0041] Please see Figures 2-5 According to some embodiments of this application, the exhaust channel 112 includes a first exhaust section 1121 and a second exhaust section 1122 connected in sequence; the housing 110 includes a base plate 113, a bottom protective plate 114 and a frame 115, and the battery cell 120 is supported on the base plate 113; the bottom protective plate 114 is disposed on the lower side of the base plate 113 and is spaced apart from the base plate 113 to form the first exhaust section 1121, and the explosion-proof valve 121 of the battery cell 120 corresponds to the first exhaust section 1121; the frame 115 is installed on the base plate 113, the exhaust valve 111 is installed on the frame 115, and the second exhaust section 1122 is provided inside the frame 115. The end of the second exhaust section 1122 away from the first exhaust section 1121 is connected to the exhaust valve 111, and at least a portion of the detection module 140, the fire extinguishing module 150 and the interception module 130 are all disposed in the second exhaust section 1122; wherein, the first exhaust section 1121 and the second exhaust section 1122 extend in different directions.

[0042] The housing 110 is a modular assembly structure, consisting of a base plate 113, a bottom protective plate 114, and a frame 115. The components are connected by bolts, snap-fit, or welding, and all connection points are sealed to ensure the overall sealing performance of the housing 110. This prevents external moisture and impurities from entering the housing 110 and affecting the performance of the battery cell 120, while also preventing high-pressure gas from leaking from the connection gaps inside the housing 110. All components are made of heat- and pressure-resistant hard materials to ensure the overall structural strength and high-temperature resistance of the housing 110. Specifically, the temperature resistance of each component of the housing 110 is greater than 1500℃.

[0043] The base plate 113 is the core load-bearing component of the housing 110. It has a flat plate structure and its size is adapted to the arrangement area of ​​the battery cell 120. The battery cell 120 is directly supported on the upper surface of the base plate 113. The upper surface of the base plate 113 can be provided with positioning grooves or positioning bosses that match the bottom of the battery cell 120, which play a role in positioning and limiting the battery cell 120 and preventing the battery cell 120 from shifting during the use of the battery 10. The thickness of the base plate 113 is designed according to the overall load-bearing requirements of the battery 10 to ensure that it can stably support the battery cell 120 and other components inside the housing 110. At the same time, the base plate 113 can be made of metal with good thermal conductivity to help the battery cell 120 dissipate heat.

[0044] The bottom protective plate 114 is located on the lower side of the bottom plate 113 and is arranged parallel to the bottom plate 113. The bottom protective plate 114 and the bottom plate 113 can be connected by a support structure. The height of the support structure determines the distance between the bottom protective plate 114 and the bottom plate 113. The cavity formed by this distance is the first exhaust section 1121. The cross-sectional dimensions of the first exhaust section 1121 are determined by the relative area of ​​the bottom plate 113 and the bottom protective plate 114 and the height of the support column. It can be adapted to the design according to the pressure relief flow requirements of the battery cell 120. The explosion-proof valves 121 of the battery cells 120 all face the base plate 113, and the opening position of the explosion-proof valves 121 corresponds to the cavity position of the first exhaust section 1121. This ensures that after the explosion-proof valves 121 are opened by rupture, all substances discharged from the battery cells 120 can directly enter the first exhaust section 1121 and will not diffuse within the housing 110. At the same time, the bottom protective plate 114 can protect the first exhaust section 1121 from damage caused by external impacts, thus improving the structural stability of the exhaust channel 112. It can be understood that the explosion-proof valves 121 of multiple battery cells 120 can correspond to the same first exhaust section 1121, serving as a confluence, facilitating the unified collection and discharge of flue gas, and preventing flue gas diffusion.

[0045] The frame 115 is mounted on the upper surface of the base plate 113 and surrounds the outer periphery of the battery cell 120. The frame 115 and the base plate 113 are sealed together, and the frame 115 forms an installation cavity to accommodate the battery cell 120. The frame 115 also has a cavity structure reserved inside, which is the second exhaust section 1122. The inlet end of the second exhaust section 1122 is connected to the outlet end of the first exhaust section 1121, and the connection position is located at the junction of the base plate 113 and the frame 115. The other end of the second exhaust section 1122 away from the first exhaust section 1121 extends directly to the preset installation position of the frame 115 and is connected to the exhaust valve 111, ensuring that the gas can be discharged directly from the second exhaust section 1122 to the outside through the exhaust valve 111.

[0046] The exhaust valve 111 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the frame 115, and its installation position precisely corresponds to the outlet end of the second exhaust section 1122. The frame 115 has a mounting hole that matches the exhaust valve 111. The inlet end of the exhaust valve 111 is embedded in the mounting hole and sealed to the outlet end of the second exhaust section 1122 to ensure smooth exhaust and sealing. At least a portion of the interception module 130, the detection module 140, and the fire extinguishing module 150 are all located in the second exhaust section 1122. The interception module 130 is close to the inlet end of the second exhaust section 1122. The detection module 140 can be located on the side of the interception module 130 away from the first exhaust section 1121. The fire extinguishing module 150 is located between the detection module 140 and the exhaust valve 111. The second exhaust section 1122 provides a stable installation space for each module. The centralized arrangement of each module in the second exhaust section 1122 within the frame 115 can avoid interference between each module and the battery cell 120, and at the same time facilitate centralized maintenance and replacement of each module.

[0047] The first exhaust section 1121 and the second exhaust section 1122 extend in different directions, and their extension directions are set at an angle. The angle is not specifically limited and can be designed according to the overall installation space and layout requirements of the battery 10. Taking the arrangement of multiple battery cells 120 along the longitudinal direction of the battery 10 as an example, the first exhaust section 1121 can extend longitudinally, and the second exhaust section 1122 can extend laterally, forming a horizontal corner exhaust channel 112 with a 90° angle. The different extension directions allow the exhaust channel 112 to adapt to different vehicle installation spaces, improving the space adaptability of the battery 10. At the same time, the corner extension structure can reduce the airflow speed to a certain extent, allowing the interception module 130, detection module 140, and fire extinguishing module 150 more time to complete the interception, detection, and fire extinguishing actions, thereby improving the working effect of each module.

[0048] Please see Figures 3-5 According to some embodiments of this application, the detection module 140 may be located at the end where the second exhaust section 1122 connects to the first exhaust section 1121, and the fire extinguishing module 150 may be located in the middle of the second exhaust section 1122.

[0049] The detection module 140 is located at the end where the second exhaust section 1122 connects to the first exhaust section 1121. This location is the inlet end of the second exhaust section 1122, adjacent to the corner junction of the first exhaust section 1121 and the second exhaust section 1122. In some examples, the overall structure of the detection module 140 can be at least partially embedded in the cavity of the second exhaust section 1122 at this location, and is detachably snapped or bolted to the inner wall of the second exhaust section 1122. This location makes the detection module 140 the first functional module that the flue gas comes into contact with after entering the second exhaust section 1122, enabling it to complete the flue gas status detection immediately upon entering the second exhaust section 1122. This effectively shortens the response distance for open flame detection, allowing the detection module 140 to capture the open flame signal in the exhaust channel 112 more quickly, significantly improving the timeliness of detection and providing more time for the subsequent activation of the fire extinguishing module 150. At the same time, this location is far from the exhaust valve 111, which can prevent the airflow impact when the exhaust valve 111 opens and releases pressure from damaging the detection module 140.

[0050] The fire extinguishing module 150 is located in the middle of the second exhaust section 1122, in the central region of the overall extension path of the second exhaust section 1122. At least a portion of the fire extinguishing module 150 is embedded in the cavity of the second exhaust section 1122 at this location, and is detachably snapped or bolted to the inner wall of the second exhaust section 1122. In some examples, the nozzle of the fire extinguishing module 150 can be directed towards both ends of the second exhaust section 1122. Compared to a configuration where the nozzle is only directed towards the exhaust valve 111, this nozzle orientation allows the extinguishing medium to diffuse laterally from the middle of the second exhaust section 1122, covering a larger extinguishing area. The fire extinguishing module 150 is positioned in the middle of the second exhaust section 1122. On the one hand, this position forms a reasonable distance from the detection module 140, preventing the detection module 140 from being contaminated or corroded by the fire extinguishing medium released by the fire extinguishing module 150, thus ensuring the detection accuracy and service life of the detection module 140. On the other hand, this position is located at the intermediate node where the flue gas flows from the inlet to the outlet of the second exhaust section 1122. When the detection module 140 detects an open flame and triggers the fire extinguishing module 150, the fire extinguishing medium can quickly diffuse and fill the cavity in the middle of the second exhaust section 1122, forming a fire extinguishing barrier in the middle of the flow of the open flame toward the exhaust valve 111. This effectively prevents the open flame from continuing to move toward the exhaust valve 111, preventing the open flame from approaching and being ejected from the exhaust valve 111. It also prevents the open flame from flowing back from the second exhaust section 1122 to the first exhaust section 1121, further improving the effectiveness of fire extinguishing.

[0051] Please see Figures 5-9According to some embodiments of this application, a first opening 1131 communicating with the first exhaust section 1121 may be provided on the base plate 113. The first opening 1131 is offset from the frame 115. A second opening 1151 is provided on the inner sidewall of the frame 115. A connecting pipe 116 communicating with the first opening 1131 and the second opening 1151 is provided on the base plate 113. The interception module 130 includes a first filter element 131, which is disposed in the first opening 1131. The detection module 140 is installed on the first filter element 131.

[0052] A first opening 1131 is provided on the base plate 113. The first opening 1131 is a through hole structure that penetrates the thickness direction of the base plate 113. Its opening position is located in the area of ​​the base plate 113 that does not overlap with the frame 115, that is, it is misaligned with the frame 115. This misalignment prevents the first opening 1131 from directly communicating with the second opening 1151 inside the frame 115. This prevents the gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 120 from directly entering the second exhaust section 1122 from the first exhaust section 1121. Instead, it must form a bent flow path through the adapter pipe 116. The cross-sectional shape of the first opening 1131 can be set to be circular, square, or rectangular. The cross-sectional size is designed according to the exhaust flow requirements to ensure that the gas in the first exhaust section 1121 can pass smoothly.

[0053] The inner sidewall of the frame 115 is provided with a second opening 1151. The second opening 1151 is a through hole structure that penetrates the inner sidewall of the frame 115. Its opening position is adapted to the first opening 1131 on the base plate 113 and is connected to the inlet end of the second exhaust section 1122.

[0054] A connecting pipe 116 is provided on the base plate 113. The connecting pipe 116 is a rigid, high-temperature resistant tubular structure, made of the same aluminum alloy, stainless steel, or modified engineering plastic as the shell 110. One end of the connecting pipe 116 is sealed to the first opening 1131 on the base plate 113 by welding, snap-fitting, or bolting. The other end is sealed to the second opening 1151 on the inner wall of the frame 115, also by welding, snap-fitting, or bolting, ensuring seamless communication between the two. The inner wall of the connecting pipe 116 is smoothed to increase the gas flow path and prevent gas from stagnating. Excessive vortices are formed inside the pipe. The connecting pipe 116, which serves as the connecting component between the first exhaust section 1121 and the second exhaust section 1122, and the misalignment of the first opening 1131 and the frame 115, causes the exhaust channel 112 to bend again at the junction of the first exhaust section 1121 and the second exhaust section 1122. This further extends the overall flow path of the gas and increases the flow resistance of the gas. As a result, sparks carried in the flue gas collide multiple times in the bend, which slows down, settles, or even extinguishes the sparks, creating a passive spark interception effect. This forms a double protection with the active interception of the interception module 130.

[0055] The interception module 130 includes a first filter element 131, which is the core interception component of the interception module 130. It is located at the first opening 1131 of the base plate 113 and is embedded in the first opening 1131. It is sealed to the inner wall of the first opening 1131. The connection method is a detachable snap-fit ​​or bolt fixation, which facilitates subsequent cleaning and replacement. The first filter element 131 adopts a high-temperature resistant and gas-permeable structure. Specifically, it can be a metal filter screen, a ceramic filter element, or a high-temperature resistant fiber cotton. Its structural parameters are consistent with those of the interception module 130 in the aforementioned embodiment. It can perform the first interception of combustible materials passing through the first opening 1131 while allowing gas to pass through. It effectively intercepts solid sparks, molten residues, etc. in the flue gas at the first opening 1131, preventing them from entering the transfer pipe 116 and the second exhaust section 1122.

[0056] The detection module 140 is installed on the first filter element 131. The detection end of the detection module 140 can be fixedly installed on the side of the first filter element 131 facing the second opening 1151. The first filter element 131 can protect the detection module 140, preventing large particles that are not intercepted from directly impacting the detection module 140, thus effectively protecting the detection accuracy and service life of the detection module 140. In other examples, the detection module 140 can also be installed on the side of the first filter element 131 facing the first filter section, thereby directly detecting the composition of the flue gas emitted by the battery cell 120, resulting in more direct, faster, and more accurate detection results.

[0057] The main body of the detection module 140 can be attached to the surface of the first filter element 131 or partially embedded in the first filter element 131. The connection between the detection module 140 and the first filter element 131 is a detachable snap-fit ​​or bolt fixation. A gas flow gap is left between the detection module 140 and the first filter element 131, which does not affect the interception effect of the first filter element 131 or the normal flow of gas. This installation method allows the detection end of the detection module 140 to complete the flue gas status detection before the flue gas enters the transfer pipe 116, realizing early detection and early warning of open flame.

[0058] In actual operation, the substances emitted by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 120 enter the first exhaust section 1121 between the base plate 113 and the bottom protective plate 114, and flow along the first exhaust section 1121 to the first opening 1131 of the base plate 113. The detection module 140 installed on the first filter element 131 detects the state of the flue gas in real time before the flue gas enters the transfer pipe 116 and transmits the signal to the control circuit. The flue gas passes through the first filter element 131 located at the first opening 1131. The first filter element 131 performs the first active interception of combustible substances in the flue gas. At the same time, due to the misalignment of the first opening 1131 and the frame 115 and the bending structure of the transfer pipe 116, the exhaust channel 112 allows the flue gas to pass through the first filter element 131 located at the first opening 1131. At the first opening 1131, the flow direction is forced to change. Sparks in the flue gas collide at the bend, achieving passive deceleration and settling, forming a dual spark interception of active and passive elements. After being intercepted by the first filter element 131, the flue gas continues to flow towards the transfer pipe 116. If an open flame is detected, the control circuit immediately triggers the fire extinguishing module 150 located in the middle of the second exhaust section 1122. The fire extinguishing module 150 quickly releases the fire extinguishing medium to form a fire extinguishing barrier, extinguishing the open flame in the second exhaust section 1122. The gas after the open flame is extinguished continues to flow along the second exhaust section 1122 towards the exhaust valve 111, and finally exits the housing 110 through the exhaust valve 111, completing the entire depressurization and safety protection process.

[0059] Please see Figure 10 and Figure 11 According to some embodiments of this application, a flow guide 160 may be provided outside the frame 115, covering the exhaust valve 111, and the bottom of the flow guide 160 is open; the interception module 130 includes a second filter element 132, which is located at the open.

[0060] The flow guide 160 is located on the outside of the frame 115 and is completely covered by the exhaust valve 111. The flow guide 160 is connected to the frame 115 by bolt fixing, snap-fit, or welding, and the connection position is sealed. The flow guide 160 is made of the same temperature and pressure resistant hard material as the shell 110 and the frame 115, and has good structural strength and high temperature resistance. Its whole is a cover structure with one end open and one end closed. The inner cavity size of the cover is larger than the overall size of the exhaust valve 111. A preset airflow buffer gap is left between the cover and the exhaust valve 111 to prevent the high-speed airflow when the exhaust valve 111 is opened and depressurized from directly impacting the inner wall of the flow guide 160 and causing structural damage. The top of the flow guide 160 is a closed structure, the side walls are enclosed structures, and the bottom is a through opening. This opening is the only channel for the flow guide 160 to communicate with the external environment. The flow guide 160 can guide the gas discharged from the exhaust valve 111 in a directional manner, so that the gas discharged through the exhaust valve 111 can only flow along the inner cavity of the flow guide 160 towards the bottom opening and spray towards the ground, avoiding the irregular spraying of high-pressure gas in all directions and preventing the discharged gas from igniting surrounding components. At the same time, the flow guide 160 can protect the exhaust valve 111, preventing foreign objects and water stains from impacting or entering the exhaust valve 111, and ensuring the normal working performance of the exhaust valve 111.

[0061] The interception module 130 includes a second filter element 132, which is disposed at the opening at the bottom of the flow guide shroud 160 and is at least partially embedded in the inner cavity of the opening. It is detachably snapped or bolted to the inner wall of the opening of the flow guide shroud 160, which facilitates the subsequent cleaning and replacement of the second filter element 132. The connection gap between the second filter element 132 and the inner wall of the opening is sealed to ensure that all the gas guided by the flow guide shroud 160 must pass through the second filter element 132 before it can be discharged to the external environment without any bypassing or leakage. The second filter element 132 adopts a high-temperature resistant, gas-permeable, and impact-resistant structure. Specifically, it can be selected from one or more combinations of metal filter screen, ceramic filter element, and high-temperature resistant fiber cotton. Its structural parameters can refer to the parameters of the interception module 130 in the aforementioned embodiment. While having good gas permeability, the second filter element 132 can perform the final interception of the gas discharged through the exhaust valve 111. It can effectively intercept small combustible solid particles and residual spark particles that are not completely intercepted in the exhaust channel 112, realizing multi-level interception and protection of combustible substances. At the same time, it also plays a role in protecting the exhaust valve 111, reducing the probability of damage to the exhaust valve 111 by external foreign objects and water stains.

[0062] In actual operation, the substances generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 120 are intercepted, detected, and extinguished sequentially by the first exhaust section 1121 and the second exhaust section 1122. The high-pressure gas then pushes the exhaust valve 111 to open. The gas discharged through the exhaust valve 111 enters the airflow buffer gap between the guide shroud 160 and the exhaust valve 111. Under the directional guidance of the guide shroud 160, the gas flows towards the bottom opening. When the gas flows through the opening, it passes through the second filter 132 located at that position. The second filter 132 performs the final interception of residual fine combustible particles and sparks in the gas, blocking them inside the guide shroud 160. After the second interception, the gas smoothly passes through the second filter 132 and is discharged to the external environment, completing the entire safety protection process of depressurization, multi-stage interception, and directional exhaust.

[0063] According to some embodiments of this application, the fire extinguishing module 150 may include: a gas storage tank and a nozzle, wherein the gas storage tank is disposed in the housing 110 and located on one side of the exhaust channel 112, and the gas storage tank stores fire extinguishing gas; the nozzle is connected to the gas storage tank and extends at least partially into the exhaust channel 112.

[0064] The gas storage tank is located on the housing 110 and is fixedly installed on one side of the exhaust channel 112. Its installation position will not occupy the flow space of the exhaust channel 112, nor will it interfere with components such as the battery cell 120, the interception module 130, and the detection module 140. The gas storage tank is connected to the housing 110 by bolt fixing, snap-fit, or welding. The connection position is reinforced to ensure that the gas storage tank remains stable during the bumps and vibrations of the battery 10. At the same time, a preset heat dissipation gap is left between the gas storage tank and the housing 110 to avoid the gas storage tank from being affected by the high-temperature gas in the exhaust channel 112 and causing safety hazards.

[0065] The gas storage tank adopts a high-temperature and high-pressure resistant sealed tank structure. The material is stainless steel, aluminum alloy or high-strength composite material. The tank thickness is designed to be adapted to the internal gas storage pressure to ensure that it can withstand the high-pressure storage requirements of inert gas and has good sealing performance to prevent the leakage of fire extinguishing gas inside the tank.

[0066] The gas storage tank contains fire-extinguishing gases, with inert gases being the preferred choice. Specifically, one or more combinations of nitrogen, argon, and helium can be used, or a mixture of inert gas and a small amount of fire-extinguishing agent can be used. Inert gases are non-toxic, odorless, non-flammable, and do not support combustion. Their fire-extinguishing principle mainly consists of two aspects: First, when a high concentration of inert gas is released, it can instantly dilute the concentration of combustible gas in the exhaust channel 112 and reduce the oxygen concentration in the channel. When the oxygen concentration is lower than the critical oxygen concentration for the combustion of combustible substances, the open flame will extinguish itself. Second, when the inert gas is ejected in the form of a high-speed airflow, it will form a local high-pressure turbulence, which can effectively disrupt the jet trajectory and flow speed of sparks, "blowing away" or "retaining" the sparks near the interception module 130. With the interception effect of the interception module 130, the sparks are rapidly cooled until they are extinguished, achieving kinetic energy blocking fire extinguishing.

[0067] The volume of the gas storage tank is not specifically limited and can be adapted to the overall specifications of the battery 10, the volume of the exhaust channel 112, and the fire extinguishing requirements. This ensures that the amount of inert gas released in a single operation can fully cover the entire cross-section of the exhaust channel 112, achieving a rapid fire extinguishing effect. A pressure monitoring valve can also be installed on the gas storage tank to monitor the gas pressure inside the tank in real time, facilitating timely replenishment of fire extinguishing gas by personnel.

[0068] The nozzle connects to the gas tank and serves as the release component for the extinguishing gas. The nozzle is designed to withstand high temperatures and pressures. The connection between the nozzle and the gas tank is achieved through a sealed threaded connection, welding, or a pipe connection. The connection point is sealed to prevent leakage of the extinguishing gas and ensure that all gas in the tank is released into the exhaust channel 112 through the nozzle. The nozzle's extension length is designed to not obstruct gas flow within the exhaust channel 112 while allowing the extinguishing gas to fully diffuse into the channel's interior. The nozzle orifice faces inwards into the exhaust channel 112. The orifice shape can be conical, fan-shaped, or annular. Conical orifices allow for concentrated spraying of the extinguishing gas, while fan-shaped and annular orifices allow for large-area diffusion. The orifice diameter is designed based on the gas tank's exhaust pressure and extinguishing requirements, ensuring that the extinguishing gas is ejected as a high-speed airflow, creating localized high-pressure turbulence and enhancing the extinguishing effect.

[0069] In addition, a solenoid valve can be installed between the nozzle and the gas tank. The solenoid valve is electrically connected to the control circuit of the housing 110. When the detection module 140 detects an open flame in the exhaust channel 112, the control circuit sends a signal to control the solenoid valve to open. The extinguishing gas in the gas tank is then rapidly released through the nozzle into the exhaust channel 112. After extinguishing the fire, the solenoid valve closes, stopping the release of gas, thus achieving precise triggering and control of the fire extinguishing module 150. The solenoid valve can be a high-speed solenoid valve with a response time of less than 10ms.

[0070] According to some embodiments of this application, multiple nozzles are provided, and the multiple nozzles are evenly distributed along the circumference of the exhaust channel 112.

[0071] The nozzles are provided in multiple ways, and the number of nozzles is not specifically limited. They can be set to two, three, four or more, with four being preferred. Four nozzles can form a uniform spray coverage around the exhaust channel 112, and the structure is simpler and more adaptable. When there are three nozzles, the three nozzles are distributed in an equilateral triangle around the exhaust channel 112. When there are five or more nozzles, the multiple nozzles are evenly spaced along the circumference of the exhaust channel 112, and the included angle between two adjacent nozzles is equal, ensuring that the spray range of the multiple nozzles can be connected to each other and cover the entire cross section of the exhaust channel 112 without dead angles.

[0072] Multiple nozzles are evenly distributed circumferentially along the exhaust channel 112. Specifically, multiple nozzles are installed on the sidewalls of the exhaust channel 112 and arranged in a ring around the central axis of the exhaust channel 112. All nozzles are installed at the same height and located at the same cross-section of the exhaust channel 112. This arrangement allows the nozzles of multiple nozzles to simultaneously face the center of the exhaust channel 112. The nozzle direction has been optimized through fluid dynamics simulation, abandoning the single-direction spray design. The nozzle of each nozzle is tilted at a preset angle towards the center of the exhaust channel 112. The tilt angle is designed to be adapted to the cross-sectional dimensions of the exhaust channel 112, the number of nozzles, and the spray pressure. This ensures that the high-speed inert gas ejected from multiple nozzles can converge in the central area of ​​the exhaust channel 112, forming a uniform, instantaneous gas barrier or turbulence zone. This gas barrier can fully cover the entire cross-section of the exhaust channel 112, avoiding dead zones in fire suppression, while the turbulence zone can further enhance the kinetic energy blocking effect and more effectively disrupt the ejection trajectory and flow velocity of sparks.

[0073] According to some embodiments of this application, the detection module 140 includes a pressure sensor and an open flame sensor. The pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure in the exhaust channel 112, and the open flame sensor is used to detect whether there is an open flame in the exhaust channel 112.

[0074] The pressure sensor uses a high-temperature resistant pressure detection element, specifically a piezoelectric pressure sensor, a piezoresistive pressure sensor, or a capacitive pressure sensor, adapted to the high-temperature environment within the exhaust channel 112. Its detection range is designed to be adapted to the pressure resistance and pressure relief requirements of the battery casing 110 and the exhaust channel 112, ensuring accurate detection of pressure changes within the exhaust channel 112, including real-time pressure values ​​and the rate of pressure rise. The core function of the pressure sensor is to detect the pressure within the exhaust channel 112. On one hand, the pressure value can be used to determine the pressure relief stage of the battery cell 120 during thermal runaway. When the pressure within the exhaust channel 112 rises rapidly and reaches a preset threshold, it can help determine that the battery cell 120 has experienced thermal runaway and begun pressure relief. On the other hand, the pressure signal can be linked with the detection signal of the open flame sensor. If the open flame sensor detects an open flame signal when the pressure has not reached the preset pressure relief threshold, the control circuit can determine it as a false detection, preventing the fire extinguishing module 150 from malfunctioning and improving the accuracy of detection and control.

[0075] The open flame sensor can be a UV open flame sensor, or a combination of a UV open flame sensor and an infrared open flame sensor, or a dual-band open flame sensor. High-temperature sparks or open flames produce specific ultraviolet (UV) radiation bands. Ordinary infrared sensors are easily interfered with by high-temperature gases, while UV open flame sensors are not sensitive to gases generated by the thermal runaway of battery 10, but are extremely sensitive to the UV radiation of sparks and flames, with a response time of less than 5 milliseconds. The core function of the open flame sensor is to detect whether there is an open flame in the exhaust channel 112. It directly captures the characteristic light signals generated by sparks and flames in the exhaust channel 112, converts the light signals into electrical signals, and transmits them to the control circuit. When an open flame signal is detected and the pressure detected by the pressure sensor reaches the preset pressure relief threshold, the control circuit determines that there is a real open flame in the exhaust channel 112 and immediately triggers the fire extinguishing module 150 to start, thus extinguishing the open flame in a timely manner.

[0076] Please see Figure 12 Based on the same concept, this application also provides a thermal management method for battery 10 applied to any of the above technical solutions.

[0077] The thermal management method provided in this application can be executed by an electronic device 800 or a functional module or entity in the electronic device 800 that can implement the thermal management method. The electronic device 800 mentioned in this application includes, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, computers, cameras and wearable devices. The thermal management method provided in this application is described below using the electronic device 800 as the execution subject.

[0078] The thermal management method includes steps 210, 220 and 230.

[0079] This thermal management method achieves coordinated control based on the detection module 140, fire extinguishing module 150, and control circuit of the housing 110 of the battery 10. The core adopts a graded response control strategy, abandoning the traditional single response method of directly triggering fire extinguishing after thermal runaway. By accurately detecting and judging the state information of the smoke in the exhaust channel 112, it identifies different risk levels of thermal runaway of the battery 10 and executes differentiated response actions, realizing a gradient response from "no action pressure relief" to "active extinguishing and interception". While ensuring smooth pressure relief, the fire extinguishing module 150 is activated only when there is a real risk of open flame. This avoids the false activation and ineffective consumption of the fire extinguishing module 150, and can intervene in time when open flame occurs, cutting off the causal chain of secondary explosion from the source, and greatly improving the active safety of the power battery 10 system.

[0080] Step 210: Obtain the flue gas status information in the exhaust channel 112, wherein the flue gas status information includes pressure information and flame content.

[0081] Step 210 is the flue gas state information acquisition step, which can be executed by the detection module 140. The detection module 140 can be a combined detection structure composed of a pressure sensor and an open flame sensor. The pressure sensor is responsible for detecting the pressure information in the exhaust channel 112, and the open flame sensor is responsible for detecting the flame content information in the exhaust channel 112. Both types of sensors collect detection data in real time and transmit the detection data in the form of electrical signals to the control circuit of the housing 110 in real time to complete the acquisition of flue gas state information.

[0082] The pressure information includes the real-time pressure value and pressure rise rate in the exhaust channel 112, providing a quantitative basis for determining whether the battery cell 120 has entered the thermal runaway pressure relief stage. The flame content is the quantitative value of the open flame and sparks detected by the open flame sensor in the exhaust channel 112. The open flame sensor converts the captured flame light signal into a corresponding electrical signal value. The value is positively correlated with the number of flames and sparks in the exhaust channel 112, providing a quantitative basis for determining whether there is an open flame risk. The control circuit has a preset data receiving and processing module that can synchronously receive and analyze the real-time transmitted pressure information and flame content information.

[0083] Step 220: When the pressure information exceeds the preset pressure threshold and the flame content is lower than the preset flame threshold, record the gas depressurization time and pressure information.

[0084] Step 220 is a low-risk graded response step, i.e., a response step of depressurization without action and recording data. The trigger condition for this step is: the pressure information obtained by the detection module 140 exceeds the preset pressure threshold, and the flame content is lower than the preset flame threshold. The preset pressure threshold is a value pre-calibrated in the control circuit. This value is adapted to the pressure value when the explosion-proof valve 121 ruptures and the exhaust channel 112 begins to depressurize when the battery cell 120 thermally runs away. When the pressure information exceeds this threshold, the control circuit can accurately determine that the cell 120 has thermally run away and that the internal high-pressure gas has entered the exhaust channel 112, and the battery 10 enters the formal depressurization stage. The preset flame threshold is a critical value of flame content pre-calibrated in the control circuit. This value is the minimum quantitative value of sparks and open flames detected by the open flame sensor. When the flame content is lower than this threshold, the control circuit determines that there is only high-temperature gas and smoke in the exhaust channel 112, and no sparks or open flames are generated, which is a low-risk depressurization state after thermal runaway.

[0085] When both of the above conditions are met simultaneously, the control circuit executes the response action of this step. It does not trigger the fire extinguishing module 150, but only performs passive physical interception through the interception module 130. The exhaust channel 112 remains in a normal flow state, allowing the high-pressure gas in the exhaust channel 112 to be smoothly discharged to the outside through the exhaust valve 111, achieving smooth pressure relief without any action. At the same time, the storage module in the control circuit will record the gas pressure relief time and pressure information of this pressure relief in real time. The pressure relief time includes the pressure relief start time and pressure relief duration, and the pressure information includes the real-time pressure change and peak pressure during the pressure relief process. The recorded data can be used as the operating data of the thermal runaway pressure relief of the battery 10, providing data support for the subsequent maintenance, testing and performance optimization of the battery 10.

[0086] Step 230: When the pressure information exceeds the preset pressure threshold and the flame content is higher than the preset flame threshold, control the fire extinguishing module 150 to spray fire extinguishing gas into the exhaust channel 112.

[0087] Step 230 is a high-risk graded response step, namely, the active activation of the fire extinguishing module 150's interception response step. The triggering condition for this step is: the pressure information obtained by the detection module 140 exceeds the preset pressure threshold, and the flame content is higher than the preset flame threshold. In this triggering condition, the judgment criterion for the pressure information exceeding the preset pressure threshold is the same as that in step 220, which is used to confirm that the battery 10 is in the thermal runaway pressure relief stage and to exclude false detections by the open flame sensor in the non-pressure relief state; when the flame content is higher than the preset flame threshold, the control circuit determines that there are sparks and open flames in the exhaust channel 112. The high-temperature sparks mixed with combustible gas pose a high risk of ignition, backflow, and secondary explosion, which belongs to the high-risk pressure relief state after thermal runaway. When the above two conditions are met simultaneously, the control circuit immediately executes the response action of this step, sending a trigger signal to the fire extinguishing module 150. After receiving the signal, the fire extinguishing module 150 quickly starts and sprays fire extinguishing gas into the exhaust channel 112. Through the dual principles of diluting oxygen concentration and blocking kinetic energy, it quickly extinguishes the open flame and cools the sparks in the exhaust channel 112. At the same time, in conjunction with the interception module 130 of the battery 10, it physically intercepts solid combustible particles and sparks, thereby achieving active extinguishing and interception of the open flame, preventing the open flame from being ejected from the exhaust valve 111 or flowing back into the battery 10 casing 110, cutting off the path of secondary explosion from the source, and completing safety protection in high-risk conditions.

[0088] In actual operation, the detection module 140 continuously collects pressure and flame content information in the exhaust channel 112, and the control circuit monitors it in real time. When the battery cell 120 experiences thermal runaway and the explosion-proof valve 121 ruptures, the pressure in the exhaust channel 112 rises rapidly and exceeds the preset pressure threshold. The control circuit first determines that the battery 10 has entered the pressure relief stage, and then determines the risk level based on the detected flame content. If the flame content is lower than the preset flame threshold, step 220 is executed to smoothly relieve pressure and record data. If the flame content is higher than the preset flame threshold, step 230 is executed immediately to activate the fire extinguishing module 150 to actively extinguish the fire.

[0089] According to the thermal management method provided in this application embodiment, the entire process achieves accurate risk classification and differentiated active response after thermal runaway pressure relief. When there is no open flame, no unnecessary actions are taken to ensure pressure relief efficiency. When there is an open flame, rapid intervention is provided to achieve safety protection. This not only solves the problem of traditional passive pressure relief without risk identification and easy to cause secondary explosion, but also avoids the ineffective activation of the fire extinguishing module 150 and extends the service life of the fire extinguishing module 150. At the same time, the recorded pressure relief data also provides data support for the subsequent operation and maintenance of the battery 10, upgrading the thermal management of the battery 10 from traditional passive protection to intelligent protection with active identification and graded response, which greatly improves the active safety and operational reliability of the power battery 10 system.

[0090] According to some embodiments of this application, step 230, controlling the fire extinguishing module 150 to spray fire extinguishing gas into the exhaust channel 112 when the pressure information exceeds a preset pressure threshold and the flame content is higher than a preset flame threshold, includes steps 231 and 232.

[0091] This thermal management method, based on the graded response control strategy, further subdivides the high-risk response to achieve a secondary graded response within the high-risk level. Specifically, based on the different flame content within the exhaust channel 112, the high-risk state is divided into two gradients: medium-high risk and extremely high risk. Different alarm methods and extinguishing gas injection flow rates are executed accordingly, achieving a more precise and intelligent response that better matches the actual risk. This not only avoids the waste of extinguishing media but also maximizes the extinguishing effect in extremely high-risk situations. At the same time, the graded alarm promptly transmits the risk level, providing clear guidance for emergency response by personnel, further enhancing the initiative and safety of the thermal management of battery 10.

[0092] Step 231: When the pressure information exceeds the preset pressure threshold and the flame content is higher than the first preset flame threshold but lower than the second preset flame threshold, send an audible and visual alarm signal and control the fire extinguishing module 150 to spray fire extinguishing gas into the exhaust channel 112 at a first preset flow rate, wherein the second preset flame threshold is higher than the first preset flame threshold.

[0093] Step 231 is a medium-to-high risk level response step, triggered by the following conditions: the pressure information acquired by the detection module 140 exceeds a preset pressure threshold, and the flame content is higher than the first preset flame threshold but lower than the second preset flame threshold. The scenario corresponding to this triggering condition is: the battery cell 120 has experienced thermal runaway and entered the pressure relief stage; there are a small number of sparks or weak open flames in the exhaust channel 112, but no large amount of combustible particles are burning; the open flame spreads slowly, and the risk is controllable. This is a medium-to-high risk level within a high-risk state. In this case, it is not necessary to activate the highest level of fire extinguishing and alarm; only basic fire extinguishing and on-site alarms need to be implemented. This can quickly control the risk and conserve fire extinguishing media.

[0094] When the above triggering conditions are met, the control circuit simultaneously performs two actions: First, it sends an audible and visual alarm signal. The control circuit can be electrically connected to the audible and visual alarm of the battery 10 or the electrical equipment. The audible and visual alarm can be installed on the outer wall of the battery 10 casing 110 or in a conspicuous position on the vehicle. After activation, it will simultaneously emit a flashing light signal (such as a red warning light) and a sharp sound signal (such as a buzzer). The flashing frequency of the light signal and the volume of the sound signal can be preset to ensure that on-site personnel are quickly alerted that the battery 10 is in a medium-to-high risk thermal runaway state, allowing for timely on-site investigation and emergency preparation. Second, it controls the fire extinguishing module 150 to spray fire extinguishing gas into the exhaust channel 112 at a first preset flow rate. The first preset flow rate is... The control circuit pre-calibrates a low extinguishing gas injection flow rate, which is designed according to the extinguishing needs of medium- and high-risk scenarios. It can meet the extinguishing needs of a small number of sparks and weak open flames, while avoiding the waste of extinguishing medium due to excessive flow and the pressure relief effect of exhaust channel 112 due to excessive airflow. The specific value of the first preset flow rate can be adjusted according to the specifications of battery 10, and can be 30%-50% of the maximum injection flow rate of extinguishing module 150. During the injection process, the extinguishing gas is continuously injected at this flow rate until the open flame sensor detects that the flame content is lower than the first preset flame threshold, or the pressure sensor detects that the pressure information is lower than the preset pressure threshold, at which point the control circuit controls extinguishing module 150 to stop injection.

[0095] Step 232: When the pressure information exceeds the preset pressure threshold and the flame content is higher than the second preset flame threshold, send an alarm signal to the cloud platform and / or mobile user terminal, and control the fire extinguishing module 150 to spray fire extinguishing gas into the exhaust channel 112 at a second preset flow rate, wherein the second preset flow rate is greater than the first preset flow rate.

[0096] Step 232 is an extremely high-risk response step, triggered by the following conditions: the pressure information acquired by the detection module 140 exceeds a preset pressure threshold, and the flame content is higher than a second preset flame threshold. The scenario corresponding to this triggering condition is: the battery cell 120 experiences severe thermal runaway, and there are numerous sparks, obvious open flames, and even continuous combustion of combustible particles within the exhaust channel 112. The open flame spreads rapidly, posing an extremely high risk of the open flame erupting from the exhaust valve 111, flowing back into the casing 110, igniting combustible gas, and potentially causing a secondary explosion. In this situation, the highest level of fire suppression and alarm activation is required to control the risk spread to the maximum extent possible, while simultaneously transmitting alarm signals to remote personnel in a timely manner to gain time for emergency response.

[0097] When the above triggering conditions are met, the control circuit simultaneously performs two actions: First, it sends an alarm signal to the cloud platform and / or mobile user terminal. The control circuit of battery 10 establishes a wireless communication connection (such as 4G, 5G, or WiFi communication) with the cloud platform and mobile user terminal. The alarm signal contains core data such as the specific location of battery 10, risk level (extremely high risk), real-time pressure information, and real-time flame content information. The cloud platform can receive and store the alarm signal, facilitating real-time monitoring of battery 10 status and coordinated dispatch of emergency resources by back-end staff. The mobile user terminal can be a staff member's mobile phone, tablet, or other device. After receiving the alarm signal, staff can remotely view the real-time risk status of battery 10 and promptly rush to the scene for emergency response. This alarm method enables remote alarm, avoiding delays caused by on-site staff. The first issue is the delay in response due to the discovery of extremely high risks. The second issue is the control of the fire extinguishing module 150 to spray fire extinguishing gas into the exhaust channel 112 at a second preset flow rate. The second preset flow rate is a higher fire extinguishing gas spray flow rate pre-calibrated by the control circuit. Its flow rate is designed according to the fire extinguishing needs of extremely high-risk scenarios. It can quickly release a large amount of fire extinguishing gas, enhance the dual fire extinguishing effect of "diluting oxygen concentration + kinetic energy blocking", quickly suppress a large number of sparks and open flames, and prevent the spread of open flames. The specific value of the second preset flow rate can be adjusted according to the specifications of the battery 10. It can be 60%-100% of the maximum spray flow rate of the fire extinguishing module 150. This flow rate is maintained continuously during the spraying process until the flame content is lower than the first preset flame threshold and the pressure information returns to normal. Then, the control circuit controls the fire extinguishing module 150 to stop spraying to ensure that the flames are completely extinguished and the risks are eliminated.

[0098] In actual operation, after battery 10 enters the thermal runaway pressure relief stage (pressure information exceeds the preset pressure threshold), the control circuit first determines whether it is a high-risk state based on the flame content (flame content is higher than the preset flame threshold). If it is a high-risk state, it further compares the flame content with the first and second preset flame thresholds to classify it as medium-high risk or extremely high risk: when the flame content is between the first and second preset flame thresholds, step 231 is executed, with on-site audible and visual alarms and low-flow fire suppression; when the flame content is higher than the second preset flame threshold, step 232 is executed, with remote alarms (cloud platform / mobile user terminal) and high-flow fire suppression. The entire process realizes a three-level hierarchical control of "thermal runaway determination - high-risk subdivision - gradient response", which not only ensures the accuracy and effectiveness of fire suppression, but also achieves targeted alarms, avoiding waste of fire suppression media and risk misjudgment. At the same time, the remote alarm extends the scope of emergency response, further cutting off the causal chain of secondary explosion, greatly improving the active safety and emergency response capability of the power battery 10 system, and forming a complete "detection-grading-response" intelligent thermal management system.

[0099] According to some embodiments of this application, the thermal management method further includes steps 240 and 250.

[0100] In this embodiment, fire extinguishing protection, graded alarms, and active cell power regulation are combined to form a multi-dimensional thermal runaway risk response system. Based on the high risk gradient of thermal runaway, the cell power is reduced in a targeted manner to reduce the heat generation and energy output of cell 120, thereby suppressing the further aggravation of thermal runaway of cell 120 from the source. This avoids the escalation of thermal runaway and the expansion of open flame risk due to continuous high power operation of cell 120. At the same time, a parking suggestion signal is sent when the risk is extremely high to remind the driver and passengers to take timely parking measures and stay away from the risk area, further improving the safety of battery 10 during use and making the thermal management response more comprehensive and more in line with the actual vehicle usage scenario.

[0101] Step 240: When the pressure information exceeds the preset pressure threshold and the flame content is higher than the first preset flame threshold but lower than the second preset flame threshold, control the power of the battery cell 120 to be reduced to the first preset power.

[0102] Step 240 is the power control step for medium-to-high risk cells. Its triggering condition is exactly the same as that of step 231: the pressure information obtained by the detection module 140 exceeds the preset pressure threshold, and the flame content is higher than the first preset flame threshold and lower than the second preset flame threshold. This condition corresponds to the medium-to-high risk state of thermal runaway of cell 120, that is, there are a small number of sparks or weak open flames in the exhaust channel 112. The risk is controllable and has not reached an extreme level. At this time, by appropriately reducing the cell power, the purpose of suppressing the aggravation of thermal runaway can be achieved without reducing the power to the minimum.

[0103] When the above triggering conditions are met, the control circuit simultaneously executes step 240 while triggering the audible and visual alarm and the first preset flow fire extinguishing in step 231. It sends a power regulation signal to the management system of cell 120. Upon receiving the signal, the cell management system immediately controls the output power of cell 120 to decrease to the first preset power and maintain stability. The first preset power is a certain percentage of the normal operating power of cell 120. The specific value can be adapted to the specifications of battery 10 and the basic power supply requirements of the vehicle. It can be 20%-40% of the rated operating power of cell 120. This power value can meet the power supply requirements of the vehicle's basic electrical systems such as steering, braking, and lighting, preventing the vehicle from losing its basic driving ability due to excessively low power. Simultaneously, it significantly reduces the charging and discharging rate and heat generation of cell 120, reducing the energy release inside cell 120, suppressing further development of thermal runaway from the source, and preventing a small number of sparks from developing into a significant open flame or a medium-to-high risk from escalating to an extremely high risk. After the cell power drops to the first preset power, the control circuit will continuously obtain the pressure information and flame content information in the exhaust channel 112 through the detection module 140. If the flame content subsequently drops below the first preset flame threshold, the control circuit will gradually restore the cell power to the normal operating power. If the flame content rises above the second preset flame threshold, step 250 will be triggered immediately to upgrade the power regulation and risk response measures.

[0104] Step 250: When the pressure information exceeds the preset pressure threshold and the flame content is higher than the second preset flame threshold, control the power of the battery cell 120 to be reduced to the second preset power and send a shutdown suggestion signal, wherein the second preset power is lower than the first preset power.

[0105] Step 250 is a high-risk battery cell power adjustment and parking suggestion step. Its triggering condition is exactly the same as step 232 in claim 10: the pressure information obtained by the detection module 140 exceeds the preset pressure threshold and the flame content is higher than the second preset flame threshold. This condition corresponds to the extremely high risk state of thermal runaway of battery cell 120, that is, there are a large number of sparks and obvious open flames in the exhaust channel 112, the degree of thermal runaway is relatively serious, and there is a major risk of open flame backflow and secondary explosion. At this time, it is necessary to reduce the battery cell power to a lower level to minimize the heat generated by battery cell 120, and at the same time remind the driver and passengers to stop in time to avoid safety risks.

[0106] When the above triggering conditions are met, the control circuit simultaneously executes step 250 while triggering the remote alarm on the cloud platform / mobile user terminal and the second preset flow fire suppression in step 232. This step includes two core actions: First, it sends a power depth regulation signal to the management system of cell 120. After receiving the signal, the cell management system immediately controls the output power of cell 120 to decrease to the second preset power and maintain stability. The second preset power is an extremely low power value far lower than the first preset power, which can be 0%-10% of the rated operating power of cell 120, preferably set to zero power, that is, cell 120 stops outputting active power and only retains the low-power power supply for core safety components such as the battery management system and detection module 140. This setting can maximize the... The system minimizes heat generation and energy output from battery cell 120, fundamentally cutting off its energy supply and suppressing the escalation of thermal runaway, thus preventing the open flame from spreading further due to the continuous heat generated by cell 120. Secondly, it sends a parking suggestion signal to the vehicle's central control system. This signal can be visualized on the vehicle's central control screen and instrument panel, displaying a message such as "High risk of thermal runaway in battery 10, please pull over immediately." Simultaneously, it can be used in conjunction with the vehicle's voice broadcast system to provide a voice reminder, ensuring that passengers quickly receive the parking suggestion, promptly pull over to a safe area away from flammable and explosive materials, activate the vehicle's hazard lights, and evacuate to a safe distance to avoid casualties from explosions or fires caused by escalating thermal runaway. After the battery cell power drops to the second preset power and the parking suggestion signal is sent, the control circuit will continuously monitor the status of battery 10 until professional personnel arrive for emergency response.

[0107] According to the thermal management method provided in the embodiments of this application, the entire process realizes the linkage of pressure relief recording, graded alarm, gradient fire suppression, power regulation, and parking reminder. Each response measure is precisely matched according to the risk gradient, which not only avoids the limitations of a single protective measure, but also realizes multi-dimensional protection from "fire suppression protection" to "source suppression of thermal runaway" and "personnel safety reminder". It can effectively control the risk of open flame, cut off the causal chain of secondary explosion, and avoid secondary accidents caused by the loss of vehicle power due to sudden power failure. At the same time, it can promptly remind drivers and passengers to evacuate in extremely high-risk situations, and maximize the protection of personnel life safety.

[0108] The thermal management method provided in this application can be implemented by a thermal management device. This application uses an example of a thermal management device implementing the thermal management method to illustrate the thermal management device provided in this application.

[0109] Please see Figure 13 This application also provides a thermal management device.

[0110] The thermal management device includes an acquisition module 310, a recording module 320, and a control module 330.

[0111] The acquisition module 310 is used to acquire flue gas state information in the exhaust channel 112, wherein the flue gas state information includes pressure information and flame content; The recording module 320 is used to record the gas depressurization time and pressure information when the pressure information exceeds a preset pressure threshold and the flame content is lower than a preset flame threshold. The control module 330 is used to control the fire extinguishing module 150 to spray fire extinguishing gas into the exhaust channel 112 when the pressure information exceeds the preset pressure threshold and the flame content is higher than the preset flame threshold.

[0112] In some embodiments, the control module 330 is further configured to send an audible and visual alarm signal and control the fire extinguishing module 150 to spray fire extinguishing gas into the exhaust channel 112 at a first preset flow rate when the pressure information exceeds a preset pressure threshold and the flame content is higher than a first preset flame threshold but lower than a second preset flame threshold, wherein the second preset flame threshold is higher than the first preset flame threshold; and to send an alarm signal to the cloud platform and / or mobile user terminal when the pressure information exceeds the preset pressure threshold and the flame content is higher than the second preset flame threshold, and control the fire extinguishing module 150 to spray fire extinguishing gas into the exhaust channel 112 at a second preset flow rate, wherein the second preset flow rate is greater than the first preset flow rate.

[0113] In some embodiments, the control module 330 is further configured to control the power of the battery cell 120 to decrease to a first preset power when the pressure information exceeds a preset pressure threshold and the flame content is higher than a first preset flame threshold but lower than a second preset flame threshold; and to control the power of the battery cell 120 to decrease to a second preset power and send a stop suggestion signal when the pressure information exceeds the preset pressure threshold and the flame content is higher than the second preset flame threshold, wherein the second preset power is lower than the first preset power.

[0114] The thermal management device in this application embodiment can be an electronic device or a component within an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or a chip. The electronic device can be a terminal or other devices besides a terminal. For example, the electronic device can be a battery controller, a vehicle controller, a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, PDA, in-vehicle electronic device, mobile internet device (MID), augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) device, robot, wearable device, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), netbook, or personal digital assistant (PDA), etc. It can also be a server, network attached storage (NAS), personal computer (PC), etc., and this application embodiment does not specifically limit the scope.

[0115] The thermal management device in this application embodiment can be a device with an operating system. This operating system can be a Microsoft (Windows) operating system, an Android operating system, an iOS operating system, or other possible operating systems; this application embodiment does not specifically limit the specific operating system.

[0116] The thermal management device provided in this application embodiment can achieve... Figure 12 The various processes implemented in the method implementation examples will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0117] In some embodiments, such as Figure 14 As shown, this application embodiment also provides an electronic device 800, including a processor 801, a memory 802, and a computer program stored in the memory 802 and executable on the processor 801. When the program is executed by the processor 801, it implements the various processes of the above-described thermal management method embodiment and achieves the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0118] It should be noted that the electronic device 800 in this application embodiment includes the mobile electronic device and non-mobile electronic device described above.

[0119] This application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the various processes of the above-described thermal management method embodiments and achieves the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0120] The processor is the processor in the electronic device described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0121] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described thermal management method.

[0122] The processor is the processor in the electronic device described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0123] This application also provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface and the processor are coupled. The processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above-described thermal management method embodiments and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0124] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0125] Based on the same concept, this application embodiment also provides a vehicle, which includes a battery 10 of any of the above technical solutions, the battery 10 being used to provide electrical energy to the vehicle.

[0126] It should be noted that since the vehicle provided in this application embodiment includes the battery 10 of any of the above technical solutions, it has the technical features and effects of the battery 10 of any of the above technical solutions, which will not be repeated here.

[0127] The vehicle described in this application is a new energy vehicle equipped with a power battery 10, specifically including pure electric passenger vehicles, pure electric commercial vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles, and other vehicles that use the power battery 10 as the core power source. The vehicle's overall control system is electrically connected to the control circuit of the battery 10, and the two can achieve data interaction and command transmission. As the core power supply component of the vehicle, the battery 10 is installed in a pre-set installation area of ​​the vehicle. This installation area is usually under the vehicle chassis, in the trunk, or under the front seats of the vehicle, and can be flexibly selected according to the vehicle's model structure and spatial layout. The battery 10 is connected to the vehicle body through shock-absorbing brackets and fixing bolts. Shock-absorbing buffer pads are set at the connection position, which can effectively reduce the impact of bumps and vibrations on the battery 10 during vehicle driving, ensuring the structural stability and operational reliability of the battery 10. At the same time, ventilation and heat dissipation space is reserved at the installation position of the battery 10 to ensure that the heat generated by the battery 10 during operation can be dissipated smoothly and maintain the normal operating temperature of the battery 10.

[0128] As the core of the vehicle's power supply, battery 10 provides power to all electrical components of the vehicle, including the drive motor, central control system, lighting system, air conditioning system, braking system, and steering system. The output power of battery 10 is adapted to the vehicle's power requirements. Under the control of the vehicle control system, it can flexibly output power according to the vehicle's driving status to meet the power requirements of different driving conditions such as starting, accelerating, constant speed driving, and climbing. At the same time, battery 10 supports charging function and can be charged through the vehicle's charging interface in various ways such as AC charging, fast charging, and slow charging to replenish the power.

[0129] The vehicle's overall control system establishes a bidirectional communication connection with the control circuit of the battery 10. On the one hand, the battery 10 can transmit its own operating status information, including remaining power, operating temperature, charging and discharging current, pressure information in the exhaust passage 112, and flame content information, to the vehicle's overall control system in real time. The overall control system can visualize this information through the vehicle's central control screen and instrument panel, making it convenient for drivers and passengers to check the status of the battery 10 in real time. On the other hand, the vehicle's overall control system can send power adjustment commands to the battery 10 according to the vehicle's driving status. After receiving the commands, the battery 10 adjusts its output power. At the same time, when the control circuit of the battery 10 detects a risk of thermal runaway, it can transmit a risk signal to the overall control system. The overall control system can then cooperate to execute subsequent risk response actions, such as audible and visual alarms, power adjustment, and sending parking suggestion signals, to achieve collaborative protection between the battery 10 and the vehicle.

[0130] The vehicle provided in this application embodiment, by equipping the battery 10 of the above embodiment, achieves full-process safety protection for the battery 10 during thermal runaway from a hardware structure perspective. This solves the technical defects of existing batteries 10, such as easy leakage of sparks and easy backflow of open flames that can cause secondary explosions when pressure is depressurized. At the same time, combined with the thermal management method of the above embodiment, it achieves accurate identification and graded response of thermal runaway risk from a software control perspective. This allows the battery 10 and the vehicle to form a collaborative safety protection system, which not only ensures the power supply reliability of the battery 10 and the power performance of the vehicle, but also significantly improves the vehicle's safety protection capability during thermal runaway of the battery 10. This maximizes the protection of the life safety of passengers and the property safety of the vehicle. In addition, the structural design of the battery 10 is adaptable to the installation requirements of different vehicle models, has strong versatility, and can be widely used in various new energy vehicles, improving the overall safety performance and market competitiveness of new energy vehicles.

[0131] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0132] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0133] In the description of this application, "first feature" and "second feature" may include one or more of the features.

[0134] In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more.

[0135] In the description of this application, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or the first and second features being in contact through another feature between them.

[0136] In the description of this application, the terms "above," "over," and "on top" for the first feature and the second feature include the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature.

[0137] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0138] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery, characterized in that, include: The housing is provided with an exhaust valve that communicates with the outside, and the housing is provided with an exhaust passage that communicates with the exhaust valve. The battery cell is installed inside the housing, and an explosion-proof valve is provided on the side of the battery cell facing the exhaust channel; An interception module is at least partially disposed within the exhaust channel, and the interception module is used to intercept flammable substances within the exhaust channel; A detection module is at least partially disposed within the exhaust channel, and the detection module is used to detect the state of the flue gas within the exhaust channel. A fire extinguishing module is at least partially disposed within the exhaust channel and located between the detection module and the exhaust valve. The fire extinguishing module is used to extinguish open flames within the exhaust channel.

2. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust passage includes a first exhaust section and a second exhaust section connected in sequence; The housing includes: A base plate on which the battery cell is supported; A bottom protective plate is provided on the lower side of the bottom plate and spaced apart from the bottom plate to form a first exhaust section, and the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell corresponds to the first exhaust section; A frame is mounted on the base plate, the exhaust valve is mounted on the frame, a second exhaust section is provided inside the frame, the end of the second exhaust section away from the first exhaust section is connected to the exhaust valve, and at least a portion of the detection module, the fire extinguishing module and the interception module are all located in the second exhaust section; The first exhaust section and the second exhaust section extend in different directions.

3. The battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detection module is located at the end where the second exhaust section connects to the first exhaust section, and the fire extinguishing module is located in the middle of the second exhaust section.

4. The battery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The base plate has a first opening that communicates with the first exhaust section. The first opening is offset from the frame. The inner sidewall of the frame has a second opening. The base plate has a connecting pipe that connects the first opening and the second opening. The interception module includes a first filter element disposed at the first opening, and the detection module is installed on the first filter element.

5. The battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The frame is provided with a flow guide cover that covers the exhaust valve, and the bottom of the flow guide cover is open; The interception module includes a second filter element, which is disposed at the opening.

6. The battery according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing module includes: A gas storage tank is disposed in the shell and located on one side of the exhaust channel, and the gas storage tank contains fire extinguishing gas; The nozzle is connected to the gas storage tank and extends at least partially into the exhaust passage.

7. The battery according to claim 6, characterized in that, The nozzle is provided in multiple parts, and the multiple nozzles are evenly distributed along the circumference of the exhaust channel.

8. The battery according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The detection module includes a pressure sensor and an open flame sensor. The pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure in the exhaust passage, and the open flame sensor is used to detect whether there is an open flame in the exhaust passage.

9. A thermal management method for a battery as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The thermal management method includes: Acquire flue gas state information within the exhaust channel, wherein the flue gas state information includes pressure information and flame content; When the pressure information exceeds a preset pressure threshold and the flame content is lower than a preset flame threshold, the gas depressurization time and pressure information are recorded. When the pressure exceeds a preset pressure threshold and the flame content is higher than a preset flame threshold, the fire extinguishing module is controlled to spray fire extinguishing gas into the exhaust channel.

10. The thermal management method for a battery according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of controlling the fire extinguishing module to spray fire extinguishing gas into the exhaust channel when the pressure information exceeds a preset pressure threshold and the flame content is higher than a preset flame threshold includes: When the pressure information exceeds a preset pressure threshold, and the flame content is higher than a first preset flame threshold but lower than a second preset flame threshold, an audible and visual alarm signal is sent and the fire extinguishing module is controlled to spray fire extinguishing gas into the exhaust channel at a first preset flow rate, wherein the second preset flame threshold is higher than the first preset flame threshold. If the pressure exceeds a preset pressure threshold and the flame content is higher than a second preset flame threshold, an alarm signal is sent to the cloud platform and / or mobile user terminal, and the fire extinguishing module is controlled to spray fire extinguishing gas into the exhaust channel at a second preset flow rate, wherein the second preset flow rate is greater than the first preset flow rate.

11. The thermal management method for a battery according to claim 10, characterized in that, The thermal management method further includes: When the pressure information exceeds a preset pressure threshold, and the flame content is higher than a first preset flame threshold but lower than a second preset flame threshold, the power of the control cell is reduced to the first preset power. If the pressure information exceeds a preset pressure threshold and the flame content is higher than a second preset flame threshold, the power of the control cell is reduced to a second preset power and a shutdown suggestion signal is sent, wherein the second preset power is lower than the first preset power.

12. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a battery as described in any one of claims 1-8, the battery being used to provide electrical energy to the vehicle.

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