A waste tire oil refining device and an oil refining method
By designing structures such as a rotary reactor and a lifting hood, the problem of difficult slag discharge in waste tire pyrolysis equipment was solved, achieving continuous and stable sealed slag discharge, and improving production efficiency and equipment lifespan.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- LIAONING UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing oil refining equipment faces difficulties in slag removal when processing waste tires, and is prone to blockage, drive overload, or seal wear, affecting production continuity and safety. Furthermore, carbon black accumulation affects heat transfer efficiency.
A device comprising a reaction vessel, a slag discharge mechanism, and a heating zone was designed. The device utilizes the centrifugal force and gravity of the rotating reaction vessel for initial slag discharge. It employs a lifting hood and cleaning brush structure. By incorporating the lifting hood, a lifting machine, a dredging component, and a cleaning brush, sealed slag discharge is achieved. Furthermore, the tangled iron wire is cut off by the coordinated action of the top rod and the blade of the dredging component, thus preventing blockage.
It achieves continuous, stable, and sealed slag discharge of waste tires, avoids carbon black scattering and adhesion, improves heat transfer efficiency, and extends the service life of the equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN122188690A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste tire pyrolysis technology, specifically to waste tire pyrolysis equipment and pyrolysis method. Background Technology
[0002] The pyrolysis and oil refining technology of waste tires is an effective way to realize their resource utilization. This technology involves feeding pre-treated waste tires into a closed pyrolysis reactor and heating them under anaerobic or oxygen-deficient conditions to cause a pyrolysis reaction, generating an oil-gas mixture, carbon black, and iron wire. The generated oil and gas are then condensed and separated to obtain fuel oil and non-flammable gases.
[0003] However, existing oil refining equipment faces difficulties in discharging solid products after the reaction, severely restricting production continuity and economic efficiency. The carbon black produced by pyrolysis is fine-textured and easily caking, while the iron wires from tires, after being peeled off at high temperatures, easily entangle and form "wire clumps" that clog the discharge port. Existing equipment discharge structures, such as simple gate valves or spiral structures, are often ineffective against this complex mixture, easily leading to blockages, drive overloads, or seal wear. This results in residue accumulation occupying reaction space and reducing processing capacity; the accumulated carbon black affects heat transfer, exacerbating incomplete reactions; simultaneously, frequent shutdowns for slag removal disrupt the production rhythm, while seal failure introduces air, endangering safety and affecting product quality.
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide waste tire pyrolysis equipment and pyrolysis method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a waste tire pyrolysis equipment and pyrolysis method that can adapt to material characteristics and achieve continuous, stable, and sealed slag discharge, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a waste tire pyrolysis equipment and pyrolysis method, comprising a ground, a support mechanism, a reaction mechanism, a slag discharge mechanism and a heating zone, wherein the support mechanism and the reaction mechanism are both located on the top of the ground, the reaction mechanism is located inside the support mechanism, the slag discharge mechanism and the heating zone are located at the bottom of the ground, and the slag discharge mechanism and the heating zone are arranged side by side along the setting direction of the reaction mechanism; The slag discharge mechanism includes a lifting hood, two sets of lifting machines, a dredging component, and several cleaning brushes. The lifting hood is located below the reactor. The unblocking assembly includes a motor screw drive, a lifting cylinder, two sets of fixed seats, a rotating seat, a top rod, and a torsion spring. The two sets of fixed seats are fixed to the top of the lifting cylinder, and connecting columns are provided on the two sets of fixed seats. The rotating seat is located between the two sets of fixed seats. The rotating seat and the torsion spring are both sleeved on the connecting columns. The torsion spring is located inside the rotating seat. The top rod is fixed to the top of the rotating seat. The two ends of the torsion spring are fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating seat and the top of the rotating seat, respectively.
[0007] According to the above technical solution, the support mechanism includes a base, which is fixed to the top of the ground. A cover is fixedly connected to the top of the base. The top of the cover is provided with several air inlet channels, and the side of the cover is provided with several air outlet channels. The air inlet channels are connected to the air outlet of the induced draft fan through pipes, and the air outlet channels are connected to the filter through pipes. An observation window is provided on the side of the cover away from the air outlet channel; The base has a heating slag discharge port at its center.
[0008] According to the above technical solution, the reaction mechanism includes a reaction vessel, a motor, four sets of support rollers, several guide plates, and several material cutting components. The reaction vessel is located above the base. The bottom of the reaction vessel passes through the heating slag discharge port and is partially suspended below the heating slag discharge port of the base. One end of the reaction vessel is provided with a feed inlet, and a sealing door is provided at the feed inlet. The other end of the reaction vessel is provided with an oil and gas outlet, and the oil and gas outlet is connected to an oil and gas condensation and separation system. The reactor is provided with two sets of slag discharge ports on one side near the feed inlet. The two sets of slag discharge ports are symmetrically arranged and coaxial. A valve is provided at one of the slag discharge ports. The observation window is positioned corresponding to the location of the slag discharge port.
[0009] According to the above technical solution, the motor and four sets of support rollers are fixed on the top of the base. The motor is located at one end near the oil and gas outlet. The motor is connected to the reaction vessel by gear transmission. The four sets of support rollers are located on both sides of the feed inlet and both sides of the oil and gas outlet, and the support rollers are rotatably connected to the reaction vessel.
[0010] According to the above technical solution, a plurality of the guide plates and a plurality of material cutting components are fixed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction inside the reactor, and the material cutting components are staggered along the setting direction of the reactor. A plurality of the guide plates are set near the oil and gas outlet, and a plurality of the material cutting components are set near the feed inlet.
[0011] According to the above technical solution, the material cutting component includes a fixed seat, a sliding seat and a cutting tool. The fixed seat is fixed on the inner wall of the reactor. The fixed seat is L-shaped and has two sets of limiting holes. The slide is slidably mounted on the side of the fixed seat away from the reactor. Two sets of limiting posts are fixedly connected to the side of the slide facing the fixed seat. The position and size of the limiting posts match the limiting holes. The cutter is inclinedly mounted between the fixed seat and the slide.
[0012] According to the above technical solution, the lifting hood corresponds to the position of the first slag discharge port. The top of the lifting hood is set in an arc shape, and the arc curvature matches the outer wall of the reactor. The bottom two sides of the lifting hood are respectively provided with the second slag discharge port. The two sides of the lifting hood are respectively provided with the dust removal port. The dust removal port is located above the second slag discharge port. The second slag discharge port is connected to the slag discharge machine, and the dust removal port is connected to the dust collector. The bottom of the lifting hood is fixedly connected to a base plate, which is located below the second slag discharge port. The two sets of lifting machines are respectively fixed to the bottom of the base plate. The cleaning brush is located on the top of the lifting cover.
[0013] According to the above technical solution, the motor lead screw drive is fixed on the top of the base plate, the output end of the motor lead screw drive is set upward through the lifting cover and is rotatably connected to the lifting cover, and the lifting cylinder is set on the output end of the motor lead screw drive and is connected to the motor lead screw drive for transmission.
[0014] According to the above technical solution, partitions are provided on both sides of the slag discharge mechanism, and a burner is provided in the heating zone.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: The present invention, by setting up a reaction mechanism and a slag discharge mechanism, can use the centrifugal force and gravity of the rotating reactor for preliminary slag discharge; when the slag discharge is not smooth, the top rod of the unblocking component rises and inserts into the slag discharge port to lift up the accumulated iron wire bundle, and works in conjunction with the blade of the high-speed rotating cutting component to pull and cut the tangled iron wire, thereby avoiding the iron wire from tangling and blocking the slag discharge port after the pyrolysis of waste tires, realizing the continuous and stable discharge of the carbon black and iron wire mixture, ensuring the continuous operation of the production line and reducing downtime for cleaning; By setting up a lifting hood and cleaning brush, a sealed cavity can be formed. Combined with the connected dust collector, it can capture the carbon black dust raised during slag discharge. At the same time, the cleaning brush on the top of the lifting hood can automatically clean the carbon deposits on the outer wall of the reactor when the slag is discharged, keeping the outer wall of the reactor clean, which significantly improves the heat transfer efficiency during heating and reduces energy consumption. By installing partitions, the slag discharge mechanism can be isolated during the heating of the reactor while ensuring its normal slag discharge, thus protecting the hydraulic and electrical components of the slag discharge mechanism and extending its service life. Attached Figure Description
[0016] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a rear view schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the material cutting component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 7 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 8 This is the invention Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram of region A in the middle; Figure 9 This is the invention Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram of region B in the middle; Figure 10 This is a partial structural side sectional view of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Ground; 2. Supporting mechanism; 21. Base; 22. Cover; 23. Air inlet channel; 24. Air outlet channel; 25. Observation window; 26. Heating and slag discharge port; 3. Reaction mechanism; 31. Reactor; 311. Feed inlet; 312. Oil and gas outlet; 313. Slag discharge port 1; 32. Motor; 33. Support roller assembly; 34. Valve; 35. Baffle plate; 36. Material cut-off assembly; 361. Fixed base 1; 362. Limiting hole; 363. Slide; 364. Limiting post; 365. Cutting tool; 4. Slag discharge mechanism; 41. Lifting hood; 411. Slag discharge port two; 412. Dust removal port; 42. Base plate; 43. Lifting machine; 44. Unblocking components; 441. Motor screw drive; 442. Lifting cylinder; 443. Fixed base two; 444. Connecting column; 445. Rotating seat; 446. Top rod; 447. Torsion spring; 45. Cleaning brush; 5. Heating zone; 6. Partition. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0018] Please see Figure 1-10 This invention provides a technical solution: a waste tire pyrolysis equipment and pyrolysis method, comprising a ground 1, a support mechanism 2, a reaction mechanism 3, a slag discharge mechanism 4, and a heating zone 5. The support mechanism 2 and the reaction mechanism 3 are both located on top of the ground 1, with the reaction mechanism 3 located inside the support mechanism 2. The slag discharge mechanism 4 and the heating zone 5 are located at the bottom of the ground 1, arranged side by side along the direction of the reaction mechanism 3. The support mechanism 2 is used to prevent carbon black from scattering during slag discharge from the reaction mechanism 3 and to facilitate cooling of the reaction mechanism 3. The reaction mechanism 3 is used to ensure uniform heating of the waste tires, prevent coking, and provide space and conditions for the pyrolysis reaction of the waste tires. The slag discharge mechanism 4 is used to assist in slag discharge while preventing the generated carbon black from scattering. The heating zone 5 is used to provide precise and uniform heat for the pyrolysis reaction of the waste tires.
[0019] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the support mechanism 2 includes a base 21, which is fixed to the top of the ground 1. A cover 22 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 21. The top of the cover 22 is provided with several air inlet channels 23, and the side of the cover 22 is provided with several air outlet channels 24. The air inlet channels 23 are connected to the air outlet of the induced draft fan through pipes, and the air outlet channels 24 are connected to the filter through pipes. When the induced draft fan is started, air is introduced into the cover 22 to promote the gas flow inside the cover 22 and simultaneously reduce the temperature inside the cover 22. After being filtered through the air outlet channels 24 and the filter, the air is discharged, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the temperature of the reaction mechanism 3. An observation window 25 is provided on the side of the cover 22 away from the air outlet 24. The observation window 25 is used to observe the situation inside the cover 22. A heating slag discharge port 26 is provided at the center of the base 21. A foundation pit is provided at the position of the heating slag discharge port 26 on the ground 1, which is not shown in the figure. The slag discharge mechanism 4 and the heating zone 5 are both located in the foundation pit.
[0020] Specifically, such as Figures 2-5As shown, the reaction mechanism 3 includes a reaction vessel 31, a motor 32, four sets of support rollers 33, several guide plates 35 and several material cutting components 36. The reaction vessel 31 is located above the base 21. The bottom of the reaction vessel 31 passes through the heating slag discharge port 26 and is partially suspended below the heating slag discharge port 26 of the base (21). One end of the reaction vessel 31 is provided with a feed inlet 311 and a closed door is provided at the feed inlet 311. The other end of the reaction vessel 31 is provided with an oil and gas outlet 312. When the closed door is opened, it is used to add waste tire raw materials into the reaction vessel 31. When closed, it can form a sealed space. The oil and gas outlet 312 is connected to an oil and gas condensation and separation system. The oil and gas condensation and separation system is used to condense oil and gas and treat waste gas. Two sets of slag discharge ports 313 are provided on the side of the reactor 31 near the feed inlet 311. The two sets of slag discharge ports 313 are symmetrically arranged and coaxial. A valve 34 is provided at the slag discharge port 313. The valve 34 is set according to actual needs, preferably an electrically controlled gate valve. The observation window 25 is positioned corresponding to the slag discharge port 313, allowing observation of the slag discharge status of the slag discharge port 313 and the closing status of the valve 34 through the observation window 25. like Figures 2-4 As shown, the motor 32 and four sets of support rollers 33 are fixed on the top of the base 21. The motor 32 is located at one end near the oil and gas outlet 312. The motor 32 is connected to the reactor 31 by gear transmission. The four sets of support rollers 33 are located on both sides of the feed inlet 311 and on both sides of the oil and gas outlet 312. The support rollers 33 are rotatably connected to the reactor 31. The motor 32 is used to drive the reactor 31 to rotate through gear transmission. The support rollers 33 are used to support the reactor 31 and ensure that the reactor 31 can operate stably and safely.
[0021] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, several guide plates 35 and several material cutting components 36 are fixed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction inside the reactor 31. The material cutting components 36 are staggered along the setting direction of the reactor 31. Several guide plates 35 are set near the oil and gas outlet 312, and several material cutting components 36 are set near the feed inlet 311. The guide plates 35 are used to push and turn over the waste tires, and the material cutting components 36 are used to pull and cut the tangled iron wire while turning over the waste tires to avoid blocking the slag discharge port 313.
[0022] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, the material cutting assembly 36 includes a fixed seat 361, a slide 363 and a cutter 365. The fixed seat 361 is fixed on the inner wall of the reactor 31. The fixed seat 361 is L-shaped and has two sets of limiting holes 362. The slide 363 is slidably mounted on the side of the fixed seat 361 away from the reactor 31. Two sets of limiting posts 364 are fixedly connected to the side of the slide 363 facing the fixed seat 361. The position and size of the limiting posts 364 match the limiting holes 362. The cutter 365 is inclined between the fixed seat 361 and the slide 363. The connection method of the cutter 365 between the fixed seat 361 and the slide 363 includes, but is not limited to, using bolts and nuts to fix the cutter 365 between the fixed seat 361 and the slide 363, so that the cutter 365 maintains the set tilt angle. The tilt direction of the cutter 365 is such that the cutting edge of the cutter 365 faces the material feeding direction of the waste tires turning over in the reactor 31 and tilts towards the material feeding direction.
[0023] Specifically, such as Figures 6-9 As shown, the slag discharge mechanism 4 includes a lifting hood 41, two sets of lifting machines 43, a dredging component 44, and several cleaning brushes 45. The lifting hood 41 is located below the reactor 31, and the position of the lifting hood 41 corresponds to the first slag discharge port 313. The top of the lifting hood 41 is set in an arc shape, and its arc matches the outer wall of the reactor 31. The bottom two sides of the lifting hood 41 are respectively provided with the second slag discharge port 411. The two sides of the lifting hood 41 are respectively provided with the dust removal port 412. The dust removal port 412 is located above the second slag discharge port 411. The second slag discharge port 411 is connected to a slag discharge machine for discharging the mixture of carbon black and iron wire. The dust removal port 412 is connected to a dust collector for adsorbing and removing the carbon black scattered during slag discharge.
[0024] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a base plate 42 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting cover 41. The base plate 42 is located below the second slag discharge port 411. Two sets of lifting machines 43 are fixed to the bottom of the base plate 42 respectively. The lifting machines 43 are used to drive the lifting cover 41 to move up and down.
[0025] Furthermore, such as Figures 6-8 As shown, the unblocking component 44 includes a motor screw drive 441, a lifting cylinder 442, two sets of fixed seats 443, a rotating seat 445, a top rod 446, and a torsion spring 447. The motor screw drive 441 is fixed to the top of the base plate 42. The output end of the motor screw drive 441 is set upward through the lifting cover 41 and is rotatably connected to the lifting cover 41. The lifting cylinder 442 is set on the output end of the motor screw drive 441 and is connected to the motor screw drive 441 for transmission. The motor screw drive 441 is used to drive the lifting cylinder 442 to rise and fall. It should be noted that a telescopic cover is provided between the bottom of the lifting cylinder 442 and the lifting cover 41 to prevent carbon black from accumulating at the output end of the motor screw drive 441 and affecting normal transmission.
[0026] Two sets of fixed seats 443 are fixed to the top of the lifting cylinder 442. Connecting columns 444 are provided on the two sets of fixed seats 443. Rotating seat 445 is located between the two sets of fixed seats 443. Rotating seat 445 and torsion spring 447 are both sleeved on the connecting columns 444. Torsion spring 447 is located inside rotating seat 445. Top rod 446 is fixed to the top of rotating seat 445. The two ends of torsion spring 447 are fixedly connected to the bottom of rotating seat 445 and the top of rotating seat 445, respectively. Top rod 446 is used to clear the slag discharge port 313 of reactor 31 and assist in slag discharge. Torsion spring 447 is used to provide torque to reset top rod 446 after it is tilted by lateral force.
[0027] like Figure 9 As shown, several cleaning brushes 45 are disposed on the top of the lifting hood 41. The cleaning brushes 45 on both sides of the top of the lifting hood 41 are preferably rotatably connected to the lifting hood 41. The curved part of the lifting hood 41 is preferably fixed with cleaning brushes 45. The cleaning brushes 45 are used to assist the lifting hood 41 and the reactor 31 in forming a closed space when discharging slag, so as to prevent carbon black from scattering. At the same time, the cleaning brushes 45 on the top of the lifting hood 41 can clean the outer wall of the reactor 31, so as to prevent carbon black from accumulating on the outer wall of the reactor 31 and affecting the heat transfer efficiency during subsequent heating.
[0028] Based on the supplementary explanation of the above structure, the lifting machine 43 is driven to lift the lifting hood 41, so that the top of the lifting hood 41 is in close contact with the bottom of the reactor 31. Then, the control valve 34 is opened. During this process, the motor 32 continuously drives the reactor 31 to rotate, so that the carbon black generated inside the reactor 31 can be discharged through the slag discharge port 313. When the amount of carbon black discharged from the slag discharge port 313 decreases, the control motor screw drive 441 starts to run in the forward direction, first driving the lifting cylinder 442 to rise, so that the top rod 446 enters the reactor 31 through the slag discharge port 313, lifting the iron wire inside the reactor 31, preventing the accumulated iron wire from blocking the slag discharge port 313, so that the carbon black inside the reactor 31 can be discharged smoothly from the slag discharge port 313. Since the reactor 31 is still rotating, the iron wire inside the reactor 31 will be in a state of tumbling. The position of the push rod 446 lifting the iron wire remains unchanged, which will increase the force required for the iron wire to tumble. The cutter 365 can directly contact the iron wire. Under the action of the increased force, the contact point between the iron wire and the cutter 365 can be pulled, thereby cutting or breaking the iron wire by the cutter 365, avoiding the iron wire from tangling, accumulating, and blocking the slag discharge port 313. During this process, the position of the reactor 31 inside the slag discharge port 313 will move relative to the reactor 31 until it contacts the inner wall of the slag discharge port 313. This causes the push rod 446 to tilt and rotate around the connecting column 444 under the resistance of the inner wall of the slag discharge port 313. The rotation direction of the push rod 446 around the connecting column 444 is opposite to the rotation direction of the reactor 31. Figure 10 As shown, until the push rod 446 slides completely out of the slag discharge port 313, the slag discharge port 313 will be reset under the torque of the torsion spring 447 until another set of slag discharge ports 313 rotates to above the push rod 446, and then the process is repeated. During the process of the push rod 446 resetting and returning to a vertical position, the push rod 446 will also impact the outer wall of the reactor 31, causing the reactor 31 to vibrate. This will promote the removal of carbon black adhering to the outer wall of the reactor 31. When the impact force reaches a certain level, while promoting the removal of carbon black adhering to the outer wall of the reactor 31, it will also cause the carbon black on the inner wall to vibrate and loosen, thereby preventing carbon black from adhering to the inner wall of the reactor 31 and improving the carbon black discharge efficiency.
[0029] It should be noted that the length of the top rod 446 must be less than the inner diameter of the slag discharge port 313. The motor screw drive 441 drives the lifting cylinder 442 to rise, so that the distance from which the top rod 446 enters the slag discharge port 313 must be less than the length of the top rod 446. The direction of the torque of the torsion spring 447 is also set according to actual needs.
[0030] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, partitions 6 are provided on both sides of the slag discharge mechanism 4. The partitions 6 are used to limit the activity space of the slag discharge mechanism 4 and separate the slag discharge mechanism 4 from the heating zone 5, protecting the hydraulic and electrical components of the slag discharge mechanism 4 and extending its service life. A burner is provided in the heating zone 5. The heating zone 5 is used to heat the reaction mechanism 3. When the slag discharge mechanism 4 is in the retracted state, it does not affect the global heating of the reaction mechanism 3 by the heating zone 5. At the same time, it can avoid direct heating of the slag discharge mechanism 4 to avoid reducing its service life. When the slag discharge mechanism 4 is supported, it can limit the slag discharge mechanism 4 to prevent the slag discharge mechanism 4 from tilting.
[0031] A method for refining oil using waste tire pyrolysis equipment: Step 1: Feeding and sealing.
[0032] Specifically, the operator opens the feed inlet 311 of the reactor 31 and loads the pre-crushed waste tire material into the reactor 31. After loading, the operator securely closes the sealing door to make the entire reactor 31 a completely sealed space.
[0033] Step 2: Heating to generate a cracking reaction and processing the oil and gas produced.
[0034] Specifically, the burner in heating zone 5 is started to precisely and evenly heat the bottom of reactor 31; at the same time, motor 32 is started to drive reactor 31 to slowly and continuously rotate through gear transmission. During the rotation, the guide plate 35 and the material cutting component 36 welded to the inner wall of reactor 31 continuously scoop up, turn over and throw the material to ensure that all tire fragments are heated evenly and effectively prevent coking due to local overheating.
[0035] In a closed, oxygen-deficient environment and at a suitable temperature, tire raw materials undergo thermal cracking, breaking down macromolecular chains and transforming into an oil-gas mixture. The oil-gas mixture produced by cracking is continuously discharged from the oil-gas outlet 312 of the reactor 31 and enters the connected oil-gas condensation and separation system. In this system, the oil and gas are liquefied into fuel through multi-stage condensation, while the non-condensable exhaust gas is treated by desulfurization and purification and can be returned to the burner in the heating zone 5 as fuel to achieve energy recycling.
[0036] Step 3: End of reaction and initial cooling.
[0037] Specifically, once the cracking reaction is basically complete and the oil and gas production is significantly reduced, the burner in heating zone 5 is turned off to stop heating, but the reactor 31 continues to rotate to facilitate uniform heat dissipation.
[0038] At the same time, the induced draft fan in the support mechanism 2 is started, and the outside air is forced in from the air inlet channel 23 at the top of the cover 22, flows through the outer wall of the rotating reactor 31, accelerates its cooling, and then carries the heat out from the side air outlet channel 24 after passing through the filter that removes carbon black dust. This process continues until the temperature of the reactor 31 drops to the safe slag discharge range.
[0039] Step 4: Rotary slag removal and dynamic dredging.
[0040] Specifically, before slag discharge, the slag discharge mechanism 4 located in the pit is activated. The two sets of lifting machines 43 operate synchronously to lift the entire lifting hood 41 upward until its top arc surface is tightly attached to the bottom of the reactor 31 through the cleaning brush 45, forming a temporary sealed slag discharge cavity.
[0041] After preparation, open the electrically controlled valves 34 of the two symmetrically arranged slag discharge ports 313 on the side wall of the reactor 31. Under the continuous rotation of the reactor 31, the mixture of carbon black and iron wire inside begins to be discharged from the slag discharge port 313 under the action of gravity and the guide plate 35, falling into the sealed lifting hood 41 below, and finally being transported away by the slag discharge machine. The scattered carbon black dust is captured by the dust collector in real time to prevent it from escaping.
[0042] When a decrease in slag discharge flow is observed, the unblocking component 44 is activated, and the motor screw drive 441 is started, pushing the top rod 446 upward and precisely inserting it into the slag discharge port 313 of the reactor that is discharging slag. The top rod 446 lifts the clump of iron wire accumulated at the port, opening a channel for the discharge of fine carbon black particles. As the reactor 31 rotates, the iron wire caught by the top rod 446 is violently pulled by the sharp blades 365 of the high-speed rotating material cutting component 36 inside the reactor 31, thus being cut or broken, effectively solving the problem of iron wire entanglement and blockage. During this process, the rotating inner wall of the reactor 31 pushes the top rod 446 to tilt it, and the torsion spring 447 at the bottom of the top rod 446 stores energy. When the slag discharge port 313 is rotated away, the top rod 446 quickly resets under the action of the torsion spring 447 and hits the lifting cover 41 or generates vibration, which helps to shake off the carbon deposits adhering to the inner and outer walls of the reactor 31.
[0043] Step 5: Slag discharge ends and equipment is reset.
[0044] Specifically, after the carbon black and iron wire have been basically discharged, first close the slag discharge valve 34 of the reactor 31; then, lower the top rod 446 of the unblocking component 44 to the lowest position; then, operate the lifting machine 43 to lower the lifting cover 41 as a whole, completely separating it from the reactor 31; finally, turn off the dust collector and the slag discharge machine; the operator can observe the situation near the slag discharge port 313 through the observation window 25 on the support cover 22 to help determine whether the slag discharge is over and whether the valve 34 has been completely closed.
[0045] The above method can adapt to the characteristics of the material and achieve continuous, stable and sealed slag discharge operation. At the same time, it can effectively prevent carbon black from scattering during slag discharge and prevent carbon black from adhering to the reactor 31, thereby avoiding the resulting decrease in heating efficiency and increase in cleaning labor intensity.
[0046] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A waste tire pyrolysis equipment, comprising a ground (1), a support mechanism (2), a reaction mechanism (3), a slag discharge mechanism (4), and a heating zone (5), characterized in that, The support mechanism (2) and the reaction mechanism (3) are both located on the top of the ground (1). The reaction mechanism (3) is located inside the support mechanism (2). The slag discharge mechanism (4) and the heating zone (5) are located at the bottom of the ground (1). The slag discharge mechanism (4) and the heating zone (5) are arranged side by side along the setting direction of the reaction mechanism (3). The slag discharge mechanism (4) includes a lifting cover (41), two sets of lifting machines (43), a dredging component (44) and several cleaning brushes (45), wherein the lifting cover (41) is located below the reactor (31); The unblocking assembly (44) includes a motor screw drive (441), a lifting cylinder (442), two sets of fixed seats (443), a rotating seat (445), a top rod (446), and a torsion spring (447). The two sets of fixed seats (443) are fixed to the top of the lifting cylinder (442). A connecting column (444) is provided on the two sets of fixed seats (443). The rotating seat (445) is located between the two sets of fixed seats (443). The rotating seat (445) and the torsion spring (447) are both sleeved on the connecting column (444). The torsion spring (447) is located inside the rotating seat (445). The top rod (446) is fixed to the top of the rotating seat (445). The two ends of the torsion spring (447) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating seat (445) and the top of the rotating seat (445), respectively.
2. The waste tire pyrolysis equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support mechanism (2) includes a base (21), which is fixed to the top of the ground (1). A cover (22) is fixedly connected to the top of the base (21). A plurality of air inlet channels (23) are provided on the top of the cover (22). A plurality of air outlet channels (24) are provided on the side of the cover (22). The plurality of air inlet channels (23) are connected to the air outlet of the induced draft fan through pipes. The plurality of air outlet channels (24) are connected to the filter through pipes. An observation window (25) is provided on the side of the cover (22) away from the air outlet channel (24); The base (21) is provided with a heating slag discharge port (26) at its center.
3. The waste tire pyrolysis equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reaction mechanism (3) includes a reaction vessel (31), a motor (32), four sets of support rollers (33), several guide plates (35) and several material cutting components (36). The reaction vessel (31) is located above the base (21). The bottom of the reaction vessel (31) passes through the heating slag discharge port (26) and is partially suspended below the heating slag discharge port (26) of the base (21). One end of the reaction vessel (31) is provided with a feed inlet (311) and a closed door is provided at the feed inlet (311). The other end of the reaction vessel (31) is provided with an oil and gas outlet (312) and the oil and gas outlet (312) is connected to an oil and gas condensation separation system. The reactor (31) has two sets of slag discharge ports (313) on one side near the feed inlet (311). The two sets of slag discharge ports (313) are symmetrically arranged and coaxial. A valve (34) is provided at the slag discharge port (313). The observation window (25) is positioned corresponding to the slag discharge port (313).
4. The waste tire pyrolysis equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The motor (32) and four sets of support rollers (33) are fixed on the top of the base (21). The motor (32) is located at one end near the oil and gas outlet (312). The motor (32) is connected to the reactor (31) by gear transmission. The four sets of support rollers (33) are located on both sides of the feed inlet (311) and on both sides of the oil and gas outlet (312). The support rollers (33) are rotatably connected to the reactor (31).
5. The waste tire pyrolysis equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, Several of the aforementioned guide plates (35) and several material cutting components (36) are fixed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction inside the reactor (31). The material cutting components (36) are staggered along the setting direction of the reactor (31). Several of the aforementioned guide plates (35) are set near the oil and gas outlet (312), and several of the aforementioned material cutting components (36) are set near the feed inlet (311).
6. The waste tire pyrolysis equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The material cutting assembly (36) includes a fixed seat (361), a slide (363) and a cutter (365). The fixed seat (361) is fixed on the inner wall of the reactor (31). The fixed seat (361) is L-shaped and has two sets of limiting holes (362). The slide (363) is slidably disposed on the side of the fixed seat (361) away from the reactor (31). Two sets of limiting posts (364) are fixedly connected to the side of the slide (363) facing the fixed seat (361). The position and size of the limiting posts (364) match the limiting holes (362). The cutting tool (365) is inclinedly disposed between the fixed seat (361) and the slide (363).
7. The waste tire pyrolysis equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lifting hood (41) is positioned corresponding to the first slag discharge port (313). The top of the lifting hood (41) is arc-shaped, and the arc is matched with the outer wall of the reactor (31). The bottom two sides of the lifting hood (41) are respectively provided with the second slag discharge port (411). The two sides of the lifting hood (41) are respectively provided with the dust removal port (412). The dust removal port (412) is located above the second slag discharge port (411). The second slag discharge port (411) is connected to the slag discharge machine, and the dust removal port (412) is connected to the dust collector. The bottom of the lifting cover (41) is fixedly connected to a base plate (42), which is located below the second slag discharge port (411). The two sets of lifting machines (43) are respectively fixed to the bottom of the base plate (42). The cleaning brush (45) is located on top of the lifting cover (41).
8. The waste tire pyrolysis equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The motor screw drive (441) is fixed on the top of the base plate (42). The output end of the motor screw drive (441) is set through the lifting cover (41) and is rotatably connected to the lifting cover (41). The lifting cylinder (442) is set on the output end of the motor screw drive (441) and is connected to the motor screw drive (441) for transmission.
9. The waste tire pyrolysis equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The slag discharge mechanism (4) is provided with partitions (6) on both sides, and a burner is provided in the heating zone (5).
10. A method for refining waste tires using a waste tire pyrolysis equipment, implemented based on the waste tire pyrolysis equipment described in claim 9, characterized in that... The refining method of waste tire pyrolysis equipment is as follows: Step 1: Feeding and Sealing; Step 2: Heating to generate a cracking reaction and processing the oil and gas produced; Step 3: End of reaction and initial cooling; Step 4: Rotary slag discharge and dynamic unblocking: When discharging slag, first start the lifting machine (43) to raise the lifting hood (41) so that it is sealed and attached to the bottom of the reactor (31) through the cleaning brush (45); then, open the slag discharge valve (34). Under the rotation of the reactor (31), the mixture of carbon black and iron wire falls into the lifting hood (41) through the slag discharge port (313) and is transported away by the slag discharge machine. The dust is collected by the dust collector. When the slag discharge is obstructed, the unblocking component (44) is activated. The motor screw drive (441) pushes the top rod (446) to rise and insert into the slag discharge port (313), lifting the blocked iron wire bundle. As the reactor (31) rotates, the hanging iron wire is pulled and cut by the high-speed rotating blade (365) inside, thereby clearing the blockage. During this process, the top rod (446) tilts due to the resistance of the reactor wall, causing the torsion spring (447) to store energy. When the slag discharge port turns away, the top rod (446) resets under the action of the torsion spring (447) and vibrates, shaking off the carbon deposits on the reactor (31) wall. Step 5: Slag discharge ends and equipment is reset.