Adaptive cushion energy absorbing protection structure, device and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The application provides an adaptive buffering energy-absorbing protection structure, a device and a manufacturing method thereof, and relates to the technical field of buffering protection structures. The adaptive buffering energy-absorbing protection structure comprises a plurality of hollow structure cells. The hollow cavities of the hollow structure cells are communicated with the external environment through at least four open channels extending in different spatial directions. The solid parts of the hollow structure cells are jointly separated by the hollow cavities and the open channels to form a plurality of support structures. The plurality of hollow structure cells are arranged in an array, and the support structures of one of two adjacent hollow structure cells extend into the open channels of the other one, so that the two adjacent hollow structure cells form movable embedded connections in a manner of extending into each other. The movable embedded connections allow the two adjacent hollow structure cells to slide relative to each other.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of buffer protection structure technology, and more specifically, to an adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure, device and manufacturing method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of science and technology, there is a growing demand for cushioning and energy-absorbing structures in aerospace, automotive, and other fields. However, traditional cushioning and energy-absorbing structures (such as metal honeycomb and pre-formed foam blocks) are typically rigid monoliths or fixed units, which are often only suitable for relatively regular surfaces. Some technologies achieve installation on complex curved surfaces by splicing, cutting, or adding transition supports, which not only introduces additional mass and assembly errors but also creates stress concentration and the risk of localized failure at the joints. Furthermore, rigid structures are prone to irreversible crushing or fracture after impact, resulting in insufficient energy absorption capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to address, to some extent, the problem in related technologies of how to improve the applicability of buffer protection structures while taking into account their energy absorption performance requirements.

[0004] To at least partially address at least one aspect of the aforementioned problems, in a first aspect, the present invention provides an adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure comprising a plurality of hollow structural cells; the hollow inner cavity of the hollow structural cells is connected to the external environment through at least four open channels extending along different spatial directions, and the solid portion of the hollow structural cells is jointly separated by the hollow inner cavity and the open channels to form a plurality of support structures. Multiple hollow structural cells are arranged in an array, and two adjacent hollow structural cells extend into the open channel of the other through the support structure of one, so that the two adjacent hollow structural cells form a movable interlocking connection in a manner in which they extend into each other; the movable interlocking connection allows the two adjacent hollow structural cells to slide relative to each other.

[0005] Optionally, the outline of the open channel near the external environment is a set outline, and each set outline in the hollow structural cell is located on a face of a virtual regular polyhedron. The number of faces of the virtual regular polyhedron is the same as the number of open channels, and the geometric center of the virtual regular polyhedron is located at the geometric center of the hollow structural cell.

[0006] Optionally, the hollow structural cell is a hollow sphere, and the open channels are uniformly distributed in the hollow sphere; Alternatively, the hollow structural cell is a lattice framework structure, which is composed of multiple rods connected together. Each open channel is formed by connecting the ends of the multiple rods together, and the supporting structure is composed of the rods.

[0007] Optionally, the number of open channels in the hollow sphere is four, and the multiple hollow spheres are arranged in an array in the first direction and the second direction. In any two adjacent hollow spheres in the first direction and the second direction, one of the supporting structures of the first sphere extends into one of the open channels of the second sphere and exits through the other open channel of the second sphere to form the movable interlocking connection. Alternatively, the number of open channels in the hollow sphere is six, and the multiple hollow spheres are arrayed in a third direction and a fourth direction. In any two adjacent hollow spheres in the third direction and the fourth direction, the three supporting structures of the first sphere are respectively inserted into the three open channels of the second sphere to form the movable interlocking connection.

[0008] Optionally, the hollow sphere has eight open channels, and the plurality of hollow spheres includes a first sphere, a second sphere, and a third sphere; In the fifth direction, the first cell group and the second cell group are alternately distributed. The first cell group includes the first sphere and the second sphere that are alternately distributed in the sixth direction. The four support structures of the first of the two adjacent first spheres and second spheres respectively extend into the four open channels of the second sphere to form the movable interlocking connection. The second cell group includes a plurality of third spheres spaced apart in the sixth direction. The first spheres of two adjacent first cell groups in the fifth direction form a movable fitting connection with the middle third sphere, and the second spheres of two adjacent first cell groups are spaced apart. The four support structures of any one of the adjacent first spheres and the third spheres extend into the four open channels of the other to form the movable fitting connection.

[0009] Optionally, the lattice framework structure is a regular hexahedral framework, and multiple regular hexahedral frameworks are arrayed in the seventh and eighth directions. In any two adjacent regular hexahedral frameworks in the seventh and eighth directions, the three supporting structures of the first one are selected to extend into the three open channels of the second one to form the movable interlocking connection. Alternatively, the lattice framework structure is a regular tetrahedral framework, and multiple regular tetrahedral frameworks are arrayed in the ninth and tenth directions. In any two adjacent regular tetrahedral frameworks in the ninth and tenth directions, one of the supporting structures of the first one extends into one of the open channels of the second one and exits through the other open channel to form the movable interlocking connection.

[0010] Optionally, each vertex of the regular tetrahedral skeleton is set as an equilateral triangle skeleton, the side length of which is one-third of the original side length of the regular tetrahedral skeleton, so that the open channel is a regular hexagon.

[0011] Optionally, the lattice framework structure is a regular octahedral framework, and the plurality of regular octahedral frameworks include a first regular octahedral framework, a second regular octahedral framework, and a third regular octahedral framework. In the eleventh direction, the first skeleton group and the second skeleton group are alternately distributed. The first skeleton group includes the first regular octahedral skeleton and the second regular octahedral skeleton that are alternately distributed in the twelfth direction. The four support structures of the first of the two adjacent regular octahedral skeletons extend into the four open channels of the second skeleton to form the movable interlocking connection. The second skeleton group includes a plurality of third regular octahedral skeletons spaced apart in the twelfth direction. The first regular octahedral skeletons of adjacent first skeleton groups in the eleventh direction form the movable fitting connection with the middle third regular octahedral skeleton, and the second regular octahedral skeletons of two adjacent first skeleton groups are spaced apart. The four support structures of any one of the adjacent first regular octahedral skeletons and the third regular octahedral skeletons extend into the four open channels of the other to form the movable fitting connection.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an adaptive buffer energy absorption protection device, which includes an adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure as described in any one of the first aspects above. The adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure is arranged at the structure to be protected, and the shape profile of the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure matches the shape profile of the set surface of the structure to be protected and is fixed on the set surface.

[0013] Thirdly, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing an adaptive buffer energy absorption protection device, comprising: a preparation step: determining the structural parameters of the buffer energy absorption protection structure based on the geometric morphology of the set surface of the structure to be protected, and preparing the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure using 3D printing technology; and an installation step: starting from the area with the smallest curvature of the set surface, gradually spreading towards the edge, so that the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure adapts to the contour of the set surface and is attached to the set surface, and fixing the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure to the set surface.

[0014] In the adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure, device, and manufacturing method of the present invention, the movable interlocking connection of two adjacent hollow structural cells allows relative sliding between them. On the one hand, the adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure can possess a certain degree of flexibility, facilitating its placement in complex curved surfaces such as those on spacecraft and aircraft during the arrangement phase. This effectively eliminates the problems of local stress concentration, heat leakage, or electromagnetic scattering caused by seams or gaps in traditional rigid structures. On the other hand, when the adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure is placed on the structure to be protected, such as a set surface, and when the adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure and the structure to be protected as a whole are subjected to external impact loads, the adjacent hollow structural cells first dissipate energy through the sliding of the supporting structure within the open channel. When the impact load is large, the elasticity or even plastic deformation of the adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure can be used to prolong the action time and disperse the impact energy, thereby achieving buffer energy absorption protection. Overall, the adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure of the present invention can improve the applicability of buffer protection structures while also meeting their energy absorption performance requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hollow structure of an embodiment of the present invention, where the cell unit is a four-hole sphere; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows an adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure obtained by arranging four-hole spheres in the first and second directions. Figure 3 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram shows the structure of the four-hole sphere whose outlines are located on each face of the virtual regular polyhedron. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hollow structure of a six-hole sphere, as an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure obtained by the six-hole spherical array shown; Figure 6 For three Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the six-hole spheres arranged in the diagram and then cut along the fourth surface. Figure 7 For three Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure after the six-hole spheres are arranged as shown; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the hollow structure of an embodiment of the present invention, in which the hollow cell is an eight-hole sphere and three eight-hole spheres are arranged in a row. Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure shown after being cut at the sixth face; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure obtained by an eight-hole spherical array; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure when the hollow structural cell is a regular hexahedral skeleton, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 12 for Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure shown after being cut at the tenth face; Figure 13 for Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure shown from another perspective; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of three regular tetrahedral skeletons when the hollow structural cell is a regular tetrahedral skeleton and its vertices are replaced by equilateral triangular skeletons, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure obtained by a regular tetrahedral skeleton array in an embodiment of the present invention, in which the vertices are replaced by equilateral triangular skeletons. Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of three regular octahedral skeletons when the hollow structural cell is a regular octahedral skeleton in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 17 A schematic diagram of the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure obtained by an octahedral skeleton array; Figure 18 These are the normal compression response curves of each adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure made of PLA wire in this invention; Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram comparing the specific energy absorption (SEA) of each adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure made of PLA wire in the present invention during the normal compression response process.

[0016] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: A - Hollow structural cell; A1 - Four-hole sphere; A2 - Six-hole sphere; A3 - Eight-hole sphere; A31 - First sphere; A32 - Second sphere; A33 - Third sphere; A4 - Regular hexahedral skeleton; A5 - Regular tetrahedral skeleton; A6 - Regular octahedral skeleton; A61 - First regular octahedral skeleton; A62 - Second regular octahedral skeleton; A63 - Third regular octahedral skeleton; AA - First cell group; AB - Second cell group; AC - First skeleton group; AD - Second skeleton group; 1 - Hollow inner cavity; 2 - Open channel; 21 - Defined outline; 3 - Solid part; 31 - Supporting structure; 32 - Equilateral triangular skeleton; S1 - First face; S2 - Second face; S3 - Third face; S4 - Fourth face; S5 - Fifth face; S6 - Sixth face; S7 - Seventh face; S8 - Eighth face S9 - Ninth face; S10 - Tenth face; S11 - Eleventh face; S12 - Twelfth face; S13 - Thirteenth face; S14 - Fourteenth face; S15 - Fifteenth face; S16 - Sixteenth face; L1 - First line; L2 - Second line; L3 - Third line; L4 - Fourth line; L5 - Fifth line; L6 - Sixth line; L7 - Seventh line; L8 - Eighth line; L9 - Ninth line; L10 - Tenth line; L11 - Eleventh line; L12 - Twelfth line; V1 - First direction; V2 - Second direction; V3 - Third direction; V4 - Fourth direction; V5 - Fifth direction; V6 - Sixth direction; V7 - Seventh direction; V8 - Eighth direction; V9 - Ninth direction; V10 - Tenth direction; V11 - Eleventh direction; V12 - Twelfth direction; K - Virtual regular polyhedron. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0019] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "embodiment," "one embodiment," "some implementations," "exemplary," and "one implementation," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or implementation is included in at least one embodiment or implementation of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or implementation. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or implementations.

[0020] The terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature.

[0021] In the attached figures, the X-axis represents the horizontal direction and is designated as left and right positions. The positive direction of the X-axis (i.e., the direction the arrow points) indicates the right side, and the negative direction indicates the left side. In the attached figures, the Y-axis represents the front and back positions. The positive direction of the Y-axis (i.e., the direction the arrow points) indicates the front side, and the negative direction indicates the back side. In the attached figures, the Z-axis represents the vertical direction, i.e., the up and down positions. The positive direction of the Z-axis (i.e., the direction the arrow points) indicates the up, and the negative direction indicates the down. It should be noted that the aforementioned representations of the X, Y, and Z axes are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0022] In recent years, aerospace technology has developed rapidly, exhibiting significant trends towards higher speeds, lighter weight, greater intelligence, and reusability. In the aerospace field, manned lunar landings, deep space exploration, and the construction of large-scale low-Earth orbit satellite constellations are accelerating. Commercial aerospace companies are widely involved in rocket launches, satellite manufacturing, and on-orbit services, placing higher demands on the reliability, safety, and cost control of spacecraft. In the aviation field, the domestically produced C919 large passenger aircraft has achieved commercial operation, eVTOL (electric vertical takeoff and landing) vehicles are driving the development of the low-altitude economy, and military equipment is upgrading towards higher stealth and higher maneuverability. Against this backdrop, the demand for lightweight, efficient, and environmentally adaptable energy-absorbing protective structures is becoming increasingly urgent in scenarios such as spacecraft reentry and return, aircraft takeoff and landing, and unknown impacts such as micrometeorites / bird strikes.

[0023] Furthermore, modern aerospace vehicles generally employ complex aerodynamic shapes, such as conical-cylindrical reentry capsules, blended wing-body aircraft, hypersonic gliders, and aircraft with large sweep angles or variable camber wings, whose surfaces are mostly irregular three-dimensional curved surfaces. During landing impacts, launch vibrations, or space debris collisions, such structures rely on buffer energy absorption systems to effectively dissipate kinetic energy, limit the transmission of overload, and protect the internal occupants or precision equipment. However, traditional rigid buffer structures (such as metal honeycomb, ceramic insulation tiles, or pre-formed foam blocks) have fixed geometry and limited deformation capabilities, making it difficult to tightly fit curved surface contours. They often require extensive splicing, cutting, or the addition of transition supports for installation, which not only introduces additional mass and assembly errors but also creates weak points at the joints, such as stress concentration, heat leakage, or electromagnetic discontinuities.

[0024] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure, which includes multiple hollow structural cells A; the hollow cavity 1 of the hollow structural cell A is connected to the external environment through at least four open channels 2 extending along different spatial directions; the solid portion 3 of the hollow structural cell A is divided by the hollow cavity 1 and the open channels 2 to form multiple support structures 31; the multiple hollow structural cells A are arranged in an array, and two adjacent hollow structural cells A extend into the open channel 2 of the other through the support structure 31 of one, so that the two adjacent hollow structural cells A form a movable interlocking connection in a manner that allows the two adjacent hollow structural cells A to slide relative to each other.

[0025] Specifically, the hollow structural cell A is the basic structural unit that constitutes the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure. The hollow structural cell A has a hollow inner cavity 1, which is connected to the external environment through at least four open channels 2 extending in different spatial directions. Each open channel 2 forms an independent opening on the surface of the hollow structural cell A.

[0026] The support structure 31 is the part of the hollow structural cell A that comes into contact with other structures. The solid part 3 of the hollow structural cell A is divided by the hollow inner cavity 1 and the open channel 2, thus forming multiple support structures 31. Two adjacent open channels 2 in any direction on the outer periphery of the hollow structural cell A share a support structure 31. Some support structures 31 have a common end, which will be illustrated in subsequent examples with reference to specific embodiments.

[0027] In two adjacent hollow structural cells A, the support structure 31 of the first extends into the open channel 2 of the second, and correspondingly, the support structure 31 of the second extends into the open channel 2 of the first, so that the two adjacent hollow structural cells A are interlocked. Since this method does not make the two adjacent hollow structural cells A fixedly connected, this interlocking can undergo relative sliding within a certain range.

[0028] Multiple hollow structural cells A are arranged in an array to connect them into a flexible whole through a movable interlocking connection. The maximum relative sliding amplitude between two adjacent hollow structural cells A can be designed through the specific arrangement of the array of multiple hollow structural cells A. The specific arrangement of the array of multiple hollow structural cells A is related to the specific construction of the hollow structural cells A, and will be illustrated in subsequent examples with specific embodiments.

[0029] The adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure of the present invention can be used to be arranged on a set surface. For example, the adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure can adaptively fit the complex curved surface structure of spacecraft, aircraft, etc. under its own gravity or artificially applied external force. It can avoid the problems of local stress concentration caused by splices or gaps in traditional rigid structures. When subjected to impact load, it can also prolong the action time to a certain extent through the relative slippage between hollow structural cells A. The flexible deformation of the adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure, such as elastic / plastic deformation, prolongs the action time and disperses the impact energy, thereby achieving buffer energy absorption protection.

[0030] Thus, the adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure of the present invention allows for relative sliding between adjacent hollow structural cells A through the movable interlocking connection. On one hand, the adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure possesses a certain degree of flexibility, facilitating its placement in complex curved surfaces such as those on spacecraft and aircraft during the deployment phase. This effectively eliminates the problems of localized stress concentration, heat leakage, or electromagnetic scattering caused by seams or gaps in traditional rigid structures. On the other hand, when the adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure is placed on the structure to be protected, such as a set surface, and when the adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure and the structure to be protected as a whole are subjected to external impact loads, the adjacent hollow structural cells A first dissipate energy through the sliding of the support structure 31 within the open channel 2. When the impact load is large, the elasticity or even plastic deformation of the adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure can be used to prolong the action time and disperse the impact energy, thereby achieving buffer energy absorption protection. Overall, the adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure of the present invention improves the applicability of buffer protection structures while also meeting their energy absorption performance requirements.

[0031] Optionally, the outline of the open channel 2 near the external environment is a set outline 21. Each set outline 21 in the hollow structural cell A is located on each face of the virtual regular polyhedron K. The number of faces of the virtual regular polyhedron K is the same as the number of open channels 2. The geometric center of the virtual regular polyhedron K is located at the geometric center of the hollow structural cell A.

[0032] Specifically, in an ideal scenario, such as when the hollow structural cell A is a hollow sphere as described later, the defined contour line 21 is the opening boundary line of the open channel 2 on the outer surface of the hollow structural cell A, and its shape is determined by the cross-section of the open channel 2; the virtual regular polyhedron K is not an actual physical structure, and each of its faces corresponds to a defined contour line 21, and the face is coplanar with the corresponding defined contour line 21; for example, Figure 3 As shown, when there are four open channels 2, the virtual regular polyhedron K is a regular tetrahedron, and the four set contour lines 21 are located on its four triangular faces respectively; when there are six open channels 2, the virtual regular polyhedron K is a regular hexahedron, and the six set contour lines 21 are located on its six triangular faces respectively; when there are eight open channels 2, the virtual regular polyhedron K is a regular octahedron, and the eight set contour lines 21 are located on its eight square faces respectively; in all cases, the geometric center of the virtual regular polyhedron K coincides with the geometric center of the hollow structural cell A, thereby ensuring the consistency of the position of each set contour line 21 relative to the geometric center of the hollow structural cell A, so that the hollow structural cell A can withstand loads from different directions.

[0033] Thus, the open channels 2 of the hollow structural cell A form a relatively regular arrangement pattern in three-dimensional space, and the supporting structures 31 of the hollow structural cell A also form a relatively regular arrangement pattern in three-dimensional space. This is beneficial to ensuring the mechanical response balance of the hollow structural cell A in all directions, and to enabling adjacent hollow structural cells A to establish a stable and movable interlocking connection based on their relative poses after multiple hollow structural cell A arrays are arranged. It is also beneficial to ensure the buffer protection performance of the adaptive buffer energy absorption structure.

[0034] like Figure 1-3 As shown, optionally, the hollow structural cell A is a hollow sphere, and the open channels 2 are uniformly distributed in the hollow sphere.

[0035] Specifically, the hollow sphere is a thin-walled spherical shell, and the radius of the hollow sphere is usually several times the thickness of the shell wall. Each open channel 2 is evenly distributed along the spherical surface, and the set contour line 21 formed by the open channel 2 on the spherical surface is usually circular.

[0036] Thus, the open channel 2 and the supporting structure 31 of the hollow sphere exhibit multi-directional consistency and have strong compressive strength. When multiple hollow sphere cells are arranged in an array, this multi-directional consistency is further extended to the overall structural level, which is conducive to ensuring the consistency of sliding stroke after the adjacent hollow spheres are interlocked and connected, as well as the multi-directional flexibility of the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure.

[0037] like Figure 11 As shown, optionally, the hollow structural cell A is a lattice framework structure, which is composed of multiple rods connected together, and each open channel 2 is formed by multiple rods connected end to end.

[0038] Specifically, the lattice framework structure is a spatial frame formed by multiple rods connected at lattice nodes; the cavity formed by multiple rods connected end-to-end in each open channel 2. The cross-sectional shape of the rods can be circular.

[0039] Ignoring the cross-sectional shape of the rods and representing them as equivalent to the edges of a lattice framework structure, each face of the virtual regular polyhedron K can be found to coincide with a face on the lattice framework structure. In some scenarios, the lattice framework structure is a regular polyhedron framework, while in others it is a deformed structure of a regular polyhedron framework, which will be illustrated later.

[0040] like Figure 1-3 As shown, optionally, the number of open channels 2 in the hollow sphere is four and the outline 21 is circular. Multiple hollow spheres are arrayed in the first direction V1 and the second direction V2. In any two adjacent hollow spheres in the first direction V1 and the second direction V2, one of the optional support structures 31 of the first sphere extends into one open channel 2 of the second sphere and exits through another open channel 2 of the second sphere to form a movable interlocking connection.

[0041] For ease of understanding, the following describes the invention using an array scheme where the geometric centers (centers) of each hollow sphere are located in the same plane (XY plane). However, it should be understood that the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure is flexible and is not limited to this in actual use.

[0042] Specifically, the hollow sphere has four identical open channels 2 (e.g., circular holes) evenly distributed along its surface. There exists a first surface S1, a second surface S2, a first line L1, and a second line L2 based on the four-hole sphere A1. The first surface S1 passes through the center of the sphere (…). Figure 1 Midpoint 1) and the center points of the two defined contour lines 21 therein ( Figure 1 Midpoints 1, 2, and 3), the second face S2 passes through the center of the sphere ( Figure 1 Midpoint 1) and the center points of the other two defined contour lines 21 ( Figure 1 At midpoints 4 and 5, due to its structural characteristics, the first face S1 and the second face S2 are perpendicular. The first line L1 and the second line L2 are respectively located on the angle bisector of the dihedral angle formed by the first face S1 and the second face S2, and are located on the common perpendicular plane of the first face S1 and the second face S2 (the third face S3 in the figure, which passes through the center point 1 of the sphere). The first direction V1 and the second direction V2 extend along the first line L1 and the second line L2, respectively.

[0043] As another way of understanding: all four outlines 21 are circular, and all four holes can be top holes. The remaining three holes are then side holes, designated as side holes 1 to 3. Using the plane containing the top hole as the base plane, the center of the top hole, the center of any side hole, and the center of the sphere constitute the first surface S1. The four-hole sphere A1 is rotated 60° within the first surface S1 with its center as the midpoint. At this point, a supporting structure 31 adjacent to the top hole is located at the top of the four-hole sphere A1. The centers of the other two side holes and the center of the sphere constitute the second surface S2. The first surface S1 and the second surface S2 are perpendicular. At this point, the third surface… S3 passes through the center of the sphere and is perpendicular to the first surface S1 and the second surface S2 respectively. That is, the third surface S3 is the common perpendicular to the first surface S1 and the second surface S2. Within the third surface S3, the first line L1 and the second line L2 are located on the bisectors of the two included angles formed by the first surface S1 and the second surface S2 respectively. The included angle between the first line L1 and the second line L2 is a right angle. The first direction V1 and the second direction V2 extend along the first line L1 and the second line L2 respectively. The four-hole sphere A1 can be arrayed in the first direction V1 and the second direction V2 to obtain an adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure.

[0044] The array distance of the four-hole spheres A1 in the first direction V1 and the second direction V2 depends on the size of the four-hole spheres A1 and the size of the open channel 2. It is necessary to ensure that the adjacent four-hole spheres A1 form a movable interlocking connection and that the four-hole spheres A1 do not interfere with each other. By designing the array distance, the stiffness and energy absorption efficiency of the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure can be adjusted.

[0045] Thus, the hollow sphere can adopt a four-hole sphere A1, with fewer open channels 2, and the movable interlocking connection of "one support structure 31 through two open channels 2" can ensure the requirement for flexible connection. It also facilitates the miniaturization design of the hollow sphere, while taking into account the stiffness requirements of the support structure 31, and reducing the overall space occupation of the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure.

[0046] like Figure 4-7 As shown, optionally, the number of open channels 2 in the hollow sphere is six, and multiple hollow spheres are arrayed in the third direction V3 and the fourth direction V4. In any two adjacent hollow spheres in the third direction V3 and the fourth direction V4, the three support structures 31 of the first sphere can be selected to extend into the three open channels 2 of the second sphere to form a movable interlocking connection.

[0047] Specifically, the hollow sphere is a six-hole sphere A2, which has six circular open channels 2 evenly distributed along the spherical surface. Each open channel 2 forms an independent circular opening on the outer surface of the shell. The solid part 3 of each six-hole sphere A2 is divided by the hollow inner cavity 1 and the six open channels 2, forming twelve support structures 31. Each pair of adjacent open channels 2 shares one support structure 31, and there are three support structures 31 between three adjacent open channels 2 on the spherical surface. These three support structures 31 have a common end. In any two adjacent six-hole spheres A2 in the third direction V3 and the fourth direction V4, the three support structures 31 of the first sphere extend into the three open channels 2 of the second sphere, and the common end of these three support structures 31 is located in the hollow inner cavity 1 of the second sphere, thus restricting the separation of the two adjacent six-hole spheres A2.

[0048] like Figure 4 As shown, there exist a fourth face S4 and a fifth face S5 based on a six-hole sphere A2. The center of the sphere (point 1) and the center points of the four defined contour lines 21 (points 2, 3, 4, and 5) are all located on the fifth face S5. The center of the sphere (point 1) and the center points of the other two defined contour lines 21 (points 6 and 7) are all located on the fourth face S4. Both the fourth face S4 and the fifth face S5 are symmetrical about the six-hole sphere A2; that is, points 2 and 5 are symmetrical about the fourth face S4, and points 3 and 4 are symmetrical about the fourth face S4. The fourth face S4 has a third line L3 and a fourth line L4 passing through the center of the sphere. The angles between the third line L3 and the fourth line L4 and the fifth face S5 are both 35°. The third direction V3 and the fourth direction V4 extend along the third line L3 and the fourth line L4, respectively. Figure 7 The diagram shows a schematic of the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure after being cut at the fourth face S4.

[0049] As another way of understanding, all six outlines 21 are circular, and all six holes can be used as top holes. Any hole can be used as the top hole, and the hole opposite the top hole is the bottom hole. The center of the top hole, the center of the bottom hole, and the center of the sphere are on a straight line. The four side holes are the side holes. The centers of the four side holes and the center of the sphere are on the same plane (not marked), and the angle between the lines connecting adjacent side hole centers and the center of the sphere is 90°. The angle between the line connecting the center of the top hole or bottom hole and the center of the sphere and the line connecting the center of any side hole and the center of the sphere is 90°. Rotate the six-hole sphere A2 by 45° within the plane containing the center of the top hole, the center of the bottom hole, and the center of one side hole (e.g., points 3, 5, and 2, respectively) (i.e., the fifth surface S5). The view of the six-hole sphere A2 after rotation can be found in the reference diagram. Figure 4 At this point, the support structure 31 between the center of the top hole and the side holes (points 3 and 2) is located at the top of the six-hole sphere A2. The fourth surface S4 is parallel to the XY plane, the angle between the third line L3 and the fourth line L4 is 70°, and it is symmetrical about the fifth surface S5. Multiple six-hole structures can be arrayed at a certain distance along the third direction V3 and the fourth direction V4 to obtain an adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure.

[0050] Thus, the hollow sphere can adopt a six-hole sphere A2, and adopt a movable interlocking connection with "three support structures 31 extending into three open channels 2", which can ensure the anti-detachment performance of the movable interlocking connection.

[0051] like Figure 8-10 As shown, optionally, there are eight open channels 2 in the hollow spheres, including a first sphere A31, a second sphere A32 and a third sphere A33.

[0052] In the fifth direction V5, the first cell group AA and the second cell group AB are alternately distributed. The first cell group AA includes the first sphere A31 and the second sphere A32 that are alternately distributed in the sixth direction V6. The four support structures 31 of the first sphere A31 and the second sphere A32, whichever is chosen from the two adjacent first spheres A31 and A32, respectively extend into the four open channels 2 of the second sphere to form a movable interlocking connection.

[0053] The second cell group AB includes multiple third spheres A33 spaced apart in the sixth direction V6. The first spheres A31 of two adjacent first cell groups AA in the fifth direction V5 are movably connected to the middle third sphere A33, and the second spheres A32 of two adjacent first cell groups AA are spaced apart. The four support structures 31 of either the first sphere A31 or the third sphere A33 extend into the four open channels 2 of the second sphere to form a movably connected structure.

[0054] Specifically, the hollow sphere is an eight-hole sphere A3, with four supporting structures 31 between the four adjacent open channels 2 on the sphere's surface. These four supporting structures 31 share a common end. In any two connected eight-hole spheres A3, the four supporting structures 31 of the first sphere extend into the four open channels 2 of the second sphere, and the common end of these four supporting structures 31 is located in the hollow inner cavity 1 of the second sphere, thus restricting the separation of the two adjacent eight-hole spheres A3.

[0055] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, there exist a sixth face S6, a seventh face S7, and an eighth face S8 based on the first sphere A31. The sixth face S6, the seventh face S7, and the eighth face S8 are all symmetrical faces of the first sphere A31 that do not pass through the center point of the set contour line 21. The sixth face S6, the seventh face S7, and the eighth face S8 are all perpendicular to each other and all pass through the center of the sphere. Figure 8 Midpoint 1), the fifth line L5 is the intersection of the sixth face S6 and the seventh face S7, the sixth line L6 is the intersection of the sixth face S6 and the eighth face S8, and the fifth line L5 and the sixth line L6 are perpendicular. The center of the second sphere A32 ( Figure 8Midpoint 2) is located on the sixth line L6 and is symmetrically set about the eighth surface S8. Specifically, it is the center point of the four defined contour lines 21 of the second sphere A32 (e.g., Figure 8 The midpoint (or equivalent point) is located on the eighth surface S8. The center of the third sphere A33 ( Figure 8 Midpoint 5) is located on the fifth line L5 and is symmetrically set about the seventh surface S7. Specifically, it is the center point of the four defined contour lines 21 of the third sphere A33 (e.g., Figure 8 The midpoint 4 (and other points) is located on the seventh surface S7. The fifth direction V5 and the sixth direction V6 are parallel to the fifth line L5 and the sixth line L6, respectively.

[0056] In this way, the requirement for movable interlocking connection between hollow spheres can be ensured, as well as the reliability of the connection. Furthermore, based on the structural characteristics of the hollow spheres, the fifth direction V5 and the sixth direction V6 need to be perpendicular, which can ensure the arrangement requirements of the hollow spheres in the orthogonal directions. This is beneficial for the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure to obtain a near-rectangular coverage area in the plane.

[0057] like Figure 11-13 As shown, optionally, the lattice framework structure is a regular hexahedral framework A4, and multiple regular hexahedral frameworks A4 are arrayed in the seventh direction V7 and the eighth direction V8. In any two adjacent regular hexahedral frameworks A4 in the seventh direction V7 and the eighth direction V8, the three supporting structures 31 of the first one can be selected to extend into the three open channels 2 of the second one to form a movable interlocking connection.

[0058] Specifically, the hexahedral framework A4 refers to a lattice framework structure composed of multiple connected rods, with the rods positioned along the edges of the hexahedron. In other words, the 12 edges of the hexahedron can be replaced by cylindrical rods to form the hexahedral framework A4.

[0059] It should be understood that, without departing from the design concept of this invention, further detailed designs can be made to the hexahedral framework A4 to improve the mechanical properties of the crystal lattice structure. Such designs should be considered within the scope of the technical solution of this invention and do not exceed the meaning of "hexahedral framework A4". For example, at the vertices of the hexahedral framework A4 (i.e., the junctions of the rods), a curved surface structure can be used to make its surface smooth, avoid stress concentration, and improve the mechanical properties of the hexahedral framework A4 at the vertices.

[0060] It should be understood that when the rods of the regular hexahedral skeleton A4 are equivalent to the edges of a regular hexahedron, the regular hexahedron is also the virtual regular polyhedron K where the outline 21 is located. The regular hexahedron can be regarded as the circumscribed regular hexahedron of the aforementioned six-hole sphere A2. Therefore, the movable interlocking connection between the regular hexahedral skeletons A4 is similar to the movable interlocking connection between the six-hole spheres A2.

[0061] Referring to the configuration of the hexahedral sphere A2, in the configuration of the regular hexahedral framework A4, there are a ninth face S9 and a tenth face S10 based on the regular hexahedral framework A4. The geometric center of the regular hexahedral framework A4 and the center points of the four defined contour lines 21 are all located on the tenth face S10. The geometric center of the regular hexahedral framework A4 and the center points of the other two defined contour lines 21 are all located on the ninth face S9. The ninth face S9 and the tenth face S10 are both symmetry planes of the regular hexahedral framework A4. The ninth face S9 has a seventh line L7 and an eighth line L8 that pass through the geometric center of the regular hexahedral framework A4. The angle between the seventh line L7 and the eighth line L8 and the tenth face S10 is 35°. The seventh direction V7 and the eighth direction V8 extend along the seventh line L7 and the eighth line L8, respectively. Figure 12 The diagram shows a schematic of the adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protective structure after being sectioned at the ninth face S9. At this point, one member of the regular hexahedral frame A4 is located at the top.

[0062] Thus, the lattice framework structure is a regular hexahedral framework A4. At each face of the regular hexagon in the regular hexahedral framework A4, the rods connected end to end form an open channel 2, and the rods constitute a support structure 31. The lattice framework structure has a highly symmetric and orthogonal open channel 2 layout, which can ensure a high degree of consistency in the relative slip and energy dissipation capacity between two adjacent regular hexahedral frameworks A4 in multiple directions.

[0063] like Figure 14-15 As shown, optionally, the lattice framework structure is a regular tetrahedral framework A5, and multiple regular tetrahedral frameworks A5 are arrayed in the ninth direction V9 and the tenth direction V10. In any two adjacent regular tetrahedral frameworks A5 in the ninth direction V9 and the tenth direction V10, one of the optional first support structures 31 extends into one open channel 2 of the second and exits through another open channel 2 to form a movable interlocking connection.

[0064] Correspondingly, when the members of the tetrahedral skeleton A5 are equivalent to the edges of a tetrahedron, the tetrahedron itself is the virtual regular polyhedron K containing the defined contour line 21. The tetrahedron can be considered as the circumscribed regular tetrahedron of the aforementioned four-hole sphere A1. Therefore, the movable interlocking connection between the tetrahedral skeletons A5 is similar to the movable interlocking connection between the four-hole spheres A1. The array configuration of the tetrahedral skeletons A5 in the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure can refer to the array configuration of the four-hole spheres A1.

[0065] Referring to the configuration of the four-hole sphere A1, in the configuration of the regular tetrahedral framework A5, there exist an eleventh face S11, a twelfth face S12, a ninth line L9, and a tenth line L10 based on the regular tetrahedral framework A5. The eleventh face S11 passes through the geometric center of the regular tetrahedral framework A5. Figure 14 Midpoint 1) and the center points of the two defined contour lines 21 therein ( Figure 14 Midpoints 1, 2, and 3), the twelfth face S12 passes through the geometric center of the tetrahedron skeleton A5 ( Figure 14 Midpoint 1) and the center points of the other two defined contour lines 21 ( Figure 14 At midpoints 4 and 5, due to its structural characteristics, the eleventh face S11 and the twelfth face S12 are perpendicular. The ninth line L9 and the tenth line L10 are located on the angle bisector of the dihedral angle formed by the eleventh face S11 and the twelfth face S12, respectively, and are located on the common perpendicular plane of the eleventh face S11 and the twelfth face S12 (the thirteenth face S13 in the figure, which passes through the geometric center point 1 of the tetrahedral skeleton A5). The ninth direction V9 and the tenth direction V10 extend along the ninth line L9 and the tenth line L10, respectively.

[0066] like Figure 14 As shown, optionally, each vertex of the regular tetrahedral skeleton A5 is set as an equilateral triangle skeleton 32, the side length of which is one-third of the original side length of the regular tetrahedral skeleton A5, so that the open channel 2 is a regular hexagon.

[0067] Specifically, each vertex of the tetrahedral skeleton A5 is replaced with an equilateral triangular skeleton 32, where each vertex of the equilateral triangular skeleton 32 corresponds to an edge of the original tetrahedron. In this case, the open channel 2 is enclosed by regular hexagonal rods. This reduces the sharpness of the original vertices in the tetrahedral skeleton A5 configuration, thus reducing stress concentration.

[0068] like Figure 16 , 17 As shown, optionally, the lattice framework structure is a regular octahedral framework A6, and the multiple regular octahedral frameworks A6 include a first regular octahedral framework A61, a second regular octahedral framework A62 and a third regular octahedral framework A63.

[0069] In the eleventh direction V11, the first skeleton group AC and the second skeleton group AD are alternately distributed. The first skeleton group AC includes the first regular octahedral skeleton A61 and the second regular octahedral skeleton A62, which are alternately distributed in the twelfth direction V12. The four support structures 31 of the first of the two adjacent regular octahedral skeletons A61 and A62 respectively extend into the four open channels 2 of the second to form a movable interlocking connection.

[0070] The second skeleton group AD includes multiple third regular octahedral skeletons A63 spaced apart in the twelfth direction V12. The first regular octahedral skeletons A61 adjacent to the first skeleton group AC in the eleventh direction V11 are movably connected with the middle third regular octahedral skeleton A63, and the second regular octahedral skeletons A62 of two adjacent first skeleton groups AC are spaced apart. The four support structures 31 of either the first regular octahedral skeleton A61 or the third regular octahedral skeleton A63 are respectively inserted into the four open channels 2 of the second regular octahedral skeleton A61 to form a movably connected joint.

[0071] Specifically, the first regular octahedral skeleton A61, the second regular octahedral skeleton A62, and the third regular octahedral skeleton A63 have the same structure but different spatial orientations. This difference in spatial orientation ensures that the two regular octahedral skeletons A6 connected in the eleventh direction V11 and the twelfth direction V12 can be movably connected by having the four support structures 31 of the first skeleton extend into the four open channels 2 of the second skeleton.

[0072] Correspondingly, when the members of the octahedral skeleton A6 are equivalent to the edges of a regular octahedron, its regular octahedron is also the virtual regular polyhedron K on which the outline 21 is located. The regular octahedron can be regarded as the circumscribed regular octahedron of the aforementioned eight-hole sphere A3. Therefore, the movable interlocking connection between the regular octahedral skeletons A6 is similar to the movable interlocking connection between the eight-hole spheres A3. The array method of the regular octahedral skeleton A6 in the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure can refer to the array method of the eight-hole sphere A3.

[0073] like Figure 16 and Figure 17As shown, referring to the configuration of the eight-hole sphere A3, there are fourteenth face S14, fifteenth face S15 and sixteenth face S16 based on the first regular octahedral skeleton A61. The fourteenth face S14, fifteenth face S15 and sixteenth face S16 are all symmetrical faces of the first regular octahedral skeleton A61 that do not pass through the center point of the set contour line 21. The fourteenth face S14, fifteenth face S15 and sixteenth face S16 are perpendicular to each other and all pass through the geometric center of the first regular octahedral skeleton A61. The eleventh line L11 is the intersection of the fourteenth face S14 and the fifteenth face S15. The twelfth line L12 is the intersection of the fourteenth face S14 and the sixteenth face S16. The eleventh line L11 and the twelfth line L12 are perpendicular to each other. The geometric center of the second regular octahedral framework A62 is located on the twelfth line L12, and the second regular octahedral framework A62 is symmetrically arranged about the sixteenth face S16. Specifically, the center points of the four defined contour lines 21 of the second regular octahedral framework A62 are located on the sixteenth face S16. The geometric center of the third regular octahedral framework A63 is located on the eleventh line L11, and it is symmetrically arranged about the fifteenth face S15. Specifically, the center points of the four defined contour lines 21 of the third regular octahedral framework A63 are located on the fifteenth face S15. The eleventh direction V11 and the twelfth direction V12 are parallel to the eleventh line L11 and the twelfth line L12, respectively.

[0074] Thus, the lattice framework structure is a regular octahedral framework A6. This array arrangement allows some of the regular octahedral frameworks A6, such as the first regular octahedral framework A61 located at a non-edge position, to be movably fitted and connected to the second regular octahedral framework A62 at both ends of the eleventh direction V11, and to the third regular octahedral framework A63 at both ends of the twelfth direction V12. Furthermore, the eleventh direction V11 and the twelfth direction V12 are perpendicular to each other. This ensures both the requirement for movable fitting and connection between the regular octahedral frameworks A6 and the reliability of the connection.

[0075] An embodiment of the present invention also provides an adaptive buffer energy absorption protection device, which includes the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure of the above embodiment. The adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure is arranged at the structure to be protected. The shape and contour of the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure match the shape and contour of the set surface of the structure to be protected and is fixed to the set surface.

[0076] Specifically, the target surface of the structure to be protected can be a plane or a curved surface. The flexibility of the adaptive energy-absorbing protective structure allows its shape and contour to match the shape and contour of the target surface. The adaptive energy-absorbing protective structure is then fixed to the target surface. This results in good energy absorption performance for the adaptive energy-absorbing protective device. Such devices can be used to construct energy-absorbing protective systems for aircraft, vehicles, etc. Furthermore, in some scenarios, the adaptive energy-absorbing protective structure can be replaced.

[0077] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for manufacturing an adaptive buffer energy absorption protection device, which includes a preparation step and an installation step.

[0078] Fabrication steps: Based on the geometry of the set surface of the structure to be protected, the structural parameters of the buffer energy absorption protection structure are determined, and the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure is fabricated using 3D printing technology.

[0079] Specifically, the true geometric morphology of the surface to be protected is obtained, especially for irregular curved surfaces. Based on the size, geometry, and operating conditions of the surface to be protected, the specific configuration of the hollow structural cell A is selected. The specific dimensions, array spacing, and array quantity of the hollow structural cell A are determined, and a model is created. 3D printing technologies such as fused deposition modeling (FDM), digital light processing (DLP), and selective laser sintering (SLS) are used to fabricate a buffer energy-absorbing protective structure. Raw materials include, but are not limited to, commonly used polylactic acid (PLA), polyurethane (TPU), nylon, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer (ABS), and polyethylene terephthalate (PETG).

[0080] Installation steps: Starting from the area with the least curvature on the set surface, gradually spread outwards to the edge, so that the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure adapts to the contour of the set surface and adheres to the set surface, and fix the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure on the set surface.

[0081] For example, the surface to be protected, such as the target surface, is first pre-treated by removing surface oil, oxide layers, and old coatings. Based on the load path and structural stiffness, a stress analysis is performed on the target surface, and anchor points are marked in key stress areas. The adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protective structure is then attached to the target surface, starting from the area of ​​least curvature and gradually extending towards the edge. Utilizing the flexibility of the adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protective structure, it is pulled by hand or with auxiliary tools to conform to the local curvature of the target surface. Pre-tension is applied to ensure the adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protective structure adheres tightly to the target surface. The adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protective structure is fixed at anchor points, and at non-anchor points, it is glued to the target surface, thus fixing the adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protective structure to the target surface in a way that matches its contour.

[0082] Six adaptive buffer and energy-absorbing protective structures with the above-mentioned configurations were prepared using polylactic acid (PLA) wire, and compression tests were conducted on them. The experimental results are as follows: Figure 18 As shown (where, in the tetrahedral skeleton A5 configuration, each vertex is set as an equilateral triangle skeleton 32). Figure 19 In the diagram, structures numbered 1 to 6 correspond to the configurations of the tetrahedral framework A5, the hexahedral framework A4, the octahedral framework A6, the four-hole sphere A1, the six-hole sphere A2, and the eight-hole sphere A3, respectively.

[0083] The configurations based on the tetrahedral framework A5 and the hexahedral framework A4 exhibit a trend of initial rise, subsequent fall, and then rise again in their compression responses due to factors such as fiber breakage and structural rearrangement during compression, showing multiple peaks. The configuration based on the octahedral framework A6, however, exhibits uniform crushing characteristics. The compression responses of the hollow sphere-based configurations all show a distinct plateau region, demonstrating good energy absorption characteristics. The initial compression curve of the hollow sphere-based configuration rises rapidly, the adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protective structure undergoes elastic deformation, reaching the first peak before declining and stabilizing within a certain range, forming a plateau region. This marks the main stage of energy absorption, where the adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protective structure undergoes plastic deformation, accompanied by a decrease in load-bearing capacity due to the fracture of the supporting structure 31. Subsequently, the curve shows an inflection point and rises rapidly, indicating that the hollow sphere compression has entered the compaction stage until it is fully compressed.

[0084] Further statistical analysis of the maximum displacement and peak force during compression under different configurations revealed that hollow spheres with similar sizes exhibited similar maximum displacements, with the maximum displacement gradually decreasing as the number of open channels (2) in the hollow spheres increased. In contrast, the lattice framework structures showed greater size variation and significantly different maximum displacements, with the octahedral framework A6 exhibiting the largest size and the largest maximum displacement. Compared to the lattice framework structures, hollow spheres exhibited greater peak force and higher strength, with smaller differences in peak force among the hollow spheres. For the lattice framework structures, the peak force varied considerably, with the load-bearing capacity increasing with the number of facets (4, 6, 8).

[0085] While the present invention has been disclosed above, its scope of protection is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure, characterized in that, It includes multiple hollow structural cells (A); the hollow cavity (1) of the hollow structural cell (A) is connected to the external environment through at least four open channels (2) extending in different spatial directions, and the solid part (3) of the hollow structural cell (A) is divided by the hollow cavity (1) and the open channels (2) to form multiple support structures (31). Multiple hollow structural cells (A) are arranged in an array, and two adjacent hollow structural cells (A) extend into the open channel (2) of the other through the support structure (31) of one, so that the two adjacent hollow structural cells (A) form a movable interlocking connection in such a way that they extend into each other; the movable interlocking connection allows the two adjacent hollow structural cells (A) to slide relative to each other.

2. The adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outline of the open channel (2) near the external environment is a set outline (21). Each set outline (21) in the hollow structural cell (A) is located on each face of the virtual regular polyhedron (K). The number of faces of the virtual regular polyhedron (K) is the same as the number of open channels (2). The geometric center of the virtual regular polyhedron (K) is located at the geometric center of the hollow structural cell (A).

3. The adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The hollow structural cell (A) is a hollow sphere, and the open channels (2) are evenly distributed on the hollow sphere; Alternatively, the hollow structural cell (A) is a lattice framework structure, which is formed by connecting multiple rods. Each open channel (2) is formed by connecting multiple rods end to end. The support structure (31) is composed of the rods.

4. The adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The hollow sphere has four open channels (2). Multiple hollow spheres are arrayed in the first direction (V1) and the second direction (V2). In any two adjacent hollow spheres in the first direction (V1) and the second direction (V2), one of the supporting structures (31) of the first sphere extends into one of the open channels (2) of the second sphere and exits through another open channel (2) of the second sphere to form the movable interlocking connection. Alternatively, the number of open channels (2) in the hollow sphere is six, and the multiple hollow spheres are arrayed in a third direction (V3) and a fourth direction (V4). In any two adjacent hollow spheres in the third direction (V3) and the fourth direction (V4), the three support structures (31) of the first one are respectively inserted into the three open channels (2) of the second one to form the movable interlocking connection.

5. The adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The hollow sphere has eight open channels (2), and the hollow sphere includes a first sphere (A31), a second sphere (A32), and a third sphere (A33). In the fifth direction (V5), the first cell group (AA) and the second cell group (AB) are alternately distributed. The first cell group (AA) includes the first sphere (A31) and the second sphere (A32) which are alternately distributed in the sixth direction (V6). The four support structures (31) of the first sphere (A31) and the second sphere (A32) of the adjacent first sphere (A31) and the second sphere (A32) respectively extend into the four open channels (2) of the second sphere to form the movable interlocking connection. The second cell group (AB) includes a plurality of third spheres (A33) spaced apart in the sixth direction (V6). The first spheres (A31) of two adjacent first cell groups (AA) in the fifth direction (V5) form the movable fitting connection with the middle third sphere (A33), and the second spheres (A32) of two adjacent first cell groups (AA) are spaced apart. The four support structures (31) of either the adjacent first sphere (A31) or the third sphere (A33) extend into the four open channels (2) of the second sphere to form the movable fitting connection.

6. The adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The lattice framework structure is a regular hexahedral framework (A4), and multiple regular hexahedral frameworks (A4) are arrayed in the seventh direction (V7) and the eighth direction (V8). In any two adjacent regular hexahedral frameworks (A4) in the seventh direction (V7) and the eighth direction (V8), the three supporting structures (31) of the first one are selected to extend into the three open channels (2) of the second one to form the movable interlocking connection. Alternatively, the lattice framework structure is a regular tetrahedral framework (A5), and multiple regular tetrahedral frameworks (A5) are arrayed in the ninth direction (V9) and the tenth direction (V10). In any two adjacent regular tetrahedral frameworks (A5) in the ninth direction (V9) and the tenth direction (V10), one of the support structures (31) of the first one extends into one of the open channels (2) of the second one and exits through the other open channel (2) to form the movable interlocking connection.

7. The adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Each vertex of the regular tetrahedral skeleton (A5) is set as an equilateral triangle skeleton (32), and the side length of the equilateral triangle skeleton (32) is one-third of the original side length of the regular tetrahedral skeleton (A5), so that the open channel (2) is a regular hexagon.

8. The adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The lattice framework structure is a regular octahedral framework (A6), and the multiple regular octahedral frameworks (A6) include a first regular octahedral framework (A61), a second regular octahedral framework (A62), and a third regular octahedral framework (A63). In the eleventh direction (V11), the first skeleton group (AC) and the second skeleton group (AD) are alternately distributed. The first skeleton group (AC) includes the first regular octahedral skeleton (A61) and the second regular octahedral skeleton (A62) which are alternately distributed in the twelfth direction (V12). The four support structures (31) of the first of the two adjacent regular octahedral skeletons (A61 and A62) extend into the four open channels (2) of the second one to form the movable interlocking connection. The second skeleton group (AD) includes a plurality of third regular octahedral skeletons (A63) spaced apart in the twelfth direction (V12). The first regular octahedral skeletons (A61) adjacent to the first skeleton group (AC) in the eleventh direction (V11) form the movable fitting connection with the middle third regular octahedral skeleton (A63), and the second regular octahedral skeletons (A62) of two adjacent first skeleton groups (AC) are spaced apart. The four support structures (31) of the first of the adjacent first regular octahedral skeletons (A61) and the third regular octahedral skeletons (A63) extend into the four open channels (2) of the second to form the movable fitting connection.

9. An adaptive buffer energy absorption protection device, characterized in that, Includes an adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure is disposed at the structure to be protected, the shape profile of the adaptive buffer energy-absorbing protection structure matches the shape profile of a set surface of the structure to be protected, and is fixed to the set surface.

10. A method for manufacturing an adaptive buffer energy absorption protection device, characterized in that, include: Fabrication steps: Based on the geometry of the set surface of the structure to be protected, the structural parameters of the buffer energy absorption protection structure are determined, and the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure is fabricated using 3D printing technology; Installation steps: Starting from the area with the least curvature on the set surface, gradually spread outwards to the edge, so that the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure adapts to the contour of the set surface and adheres to the set surface, and fix the adaptive buffer energy absorption protection structure on the set surface.

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