A portable detection device based on heavy metal pollutants in water body

Abstract

The application discloses a portable detection device based on water heavy metal pollutants, and relates to the technical field of environmental monitoring, which comprises a box body, an outer shell assembly, a micro-fluid sampling unit, a sensing and detecting unit, a signal processing and control module and a power management module are arranged in the box body, the micro-fluid sampling unit comprises a preset buffer cavity, a sample mixing cavity and an electrolytic detection pool; the preset buffer cavity comprises a first buffer cavity, a second buffer cavity, a third buffer cavity and a fourth buffer cavity, first storage cavities, second storage cavities, third storage cavities and fourth storage cavities for storing different functional reagents are respectively arranged in the buffer cavities, and the optimal scheme in four specific reagents is intelligently decided and automatically matched through the multi-dimensional pre-sensing array in the sample preparation bin for real-time diagnosis of water quality characteristics (such as pH extreme value, low conductivity, complex complex state and the like).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental monitoring technology, specifically to a portable detection device for heavy metal pollutants in water. Background Technology

[0002] Heavy metal pollution is one of the major environmental problems facing the world. Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) pose serious threats to human health and ecosystems due to their high toxicity, non-degradability, and bioaccumulation. Traditional heavy metal detection methods (such as atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)) have high precision, but they have disadvantages such as expensive equipment, large size, complex operation, requirement for professional laboratory environment and cumbersome sample pretreatment. They are difficult to meet the real-time monitoring needs of field sites and sudden pollution events. Therefore, it is necessary to design a portable detection device for heavy metal pollutants in water. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a portable detection device for heavy metal pollutants in water, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] This device no longer uses fixed detection parameters, but instead incorporates a built-in intelligent logic of "diagnosis first, detection later": Matrix prediagnosis: Before formal heavy metal testing, key physicochemical indicators of the water body are quickly analyzed using integrated sensors, including conductivity / salinity, pH value, turbidity, and redox potential.

[0005] Automatic pattern matching: Based on the pre-diagnosis results, the MCU automatically calls the most suitable detection protocol package for the water body from the built-in database, including specific buffer injection volume, enrichment potential, enrichment time, dissolution waveform parameters, and data correction algorithm.

[0006] Dynamic hardware reconfiguration: Different pretreatment reagents can be switched via microfluidic valves, or electrochemical scanning parameters can be adjusted via software to achieve multiple uses with a single device.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a portable detection device for heavy metal pollutants in water, including a housing, and the housing is provided with an outer shell assembly, a microfluidic sample introduction unit, a sensing and detection unit, a signal processing and control module and a power management module; The outer casing assembly includes a housing and a support plate disposed inside the housing. The support plate is connected to a base plate fixed inside the housing by multiple support components. Each support component includes a base and a connecting rod slidably connected to the top of the base. The connecting rod is connected to the support plate, allowing the support plate to slide slightly within the base to buffer and dissipate force. The microfluidic sample introduction unit includes a pre-set buffer chamber, a sample mixing chamber, and an electrolytic detection cell; the pre-set buffer chamber includes a first buffer chamber, a second buffer chamber, a third buffer chamber, and a fourth buffer chamber, each buffer chamber being embedded with a first storage chamber, a second storage chamber, a third storage chamber, and a fourth storage chamber for storing different functional reagents; The microfluidic sample introduction unit also includes a sample preparation chamber, which is equipped with a multi-dimensional water quality pre-sensor array to detect the influent water quality and control the opening of the corresponding buffer chamber and storage chamber, so that the reagent and water sample are mixed in the buffer chamber and then enter the electrolytic detection cell for detection.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, the side wall of the support component is fixedly connected to the support plate, and the support plate does not directly contact the inner side wall of the shell; the top of the connecting rod is connected to the inner side of the shell, and the water pressure is transmitted to the connecting rod through the shell, which drives the support plate to slide in the base to relieve the pressure on the internal components.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, multiple conveying holes are evenly arranged on the side walls of the first storage cavity, the second storage cavity, the third storage cavity and the fourth storage cavity, and a first intelligent pump is provided at each conveying hole.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the sample mixing chamber includes a pre-mixing component and a post-mixing component; The pre-mixing assembly includes a motor installed inside the storage chamber, with a rotating rod fixedly installed at the output end of the motor, and stirring rods installed sequentially on the side wall of the rotating rod, for stirring the reagent in the storage chamber before delivery of the reagent; The post-mixing component is achieved by controlling the power of the first intelligent pump. The system is configured to first drive the first intelligent pump at low power and then drive it at high power each time a reagent is delivered, so as to achieve mixing of the reagent and water.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, a first conduit and a second conduit are respectively installed at the top two ends of the first buffer chamber, a third conduit and a fourth conduit are respectively installed at the top two ends of the second buffer chamber, a fifth conduit and a sixth conduit are respectively installed at the top two ends of the third buffer chamber, and a seventh conduit and an eighth conduit are respectively installed at the top two ends of the fourth buffer chamber.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the first conduit, the third conduit, the fifth conduit and the seventh conduit are all connected to the ninth conduit, and the ninth conduit is provided with a first water inlet hole; The second, fourth, sixth, and eighth conduits are all connected to the tenth conduit, which has a second water inlet.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, each of the first to eighth conduits is equipped with a micro pump to control the opening and closing of the corresponding conduit and the direction of liquid flow. An external flexible hose is connected to the opening of the first and second water inlets for drawing water from the water source. The sample preparation chamber is located in the middle area between the second and third buffer chambers and is connected to the ninth and tenth catheters, respectively.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the electrolytic detection cell includes a detection chamber set on a support plate, with reinforcing plates symmetrically installed on both sides of the detection chamber, and crossbeams fixedly installed on the reinforcing plates. There are eight crossbeams in total, with each pair of crossbeams connected to a buffer chamber; multiple injection nozzles are installed sequentially on the crossbeams.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, each injection nozzle includes a horizontally placed thick tube, an upper tube located at the top of the thick tube and connected to the buffer chamber, and a lower tube located at the bottom of the thick tube and connected to the detection chamber.

[0016] According to the above technical solution, a micro intelligent pump is installed inside the thick tube to regulate the opening and closing of the injection nozzle and the flow rate. The system is configured to lock the two crossbeams corresponding to the selected reagent during the detection phase, activate the micro-intelligent pumps in all the nozzles on the two crossbeams, and inject the sample solution into the detection chamber simultaneously or sequentially through multiple points.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows: This invention, through the configuration of a multi-dimensional pre-sensor array within the sample preparation chamber, diagnoses water quality characteristics (such as extreme pH values, low conductivity, complex complex states, etc.) in real time, intelligently makes decisions, and automatically matches the optimal solution among four specific reagents; subsequently, it links pre-mounted mechanical anti-settling stirring and post-mounted high- and low-power dual-mode turbulent mixing technology to ensure that the reagents and water samples achieve molecular-level uniform fusion; finally, through an eight-beam multi-nozzle matrix, it achieves bubble-free, full-coverage, and precise injection of the sample solution, completely integrating the complex laboratory-level chemical pretreatment process into a handheld device. This not only completely eliminates human experience errors and reagent waste, but also achieves high-precision and high-stability on-site detection of complex and variable heavy metal pollutants in water under severe vibration and water pressure conditions in the field. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the box of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the shell structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is the invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of region A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the storage cavity of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall exploded structure of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Box body; 2. Shell; 3. Base plate; 4. Support plate; 5. Base; 6. Connecting rod; 7. First buffer chamber; 8. Second buffer chamber; 9. Third buffer chamber; 10. Fourth buffer chamber; 11. First storage chamber; 12. Second storage chamber; 13. Third storage chamber; 14. Fourth storage chamber; 15. Conveying hole; 16. First intelligent pump; 17. Motor; 18. Rotating rod; 19. Stirring rod; 20. First conduit; 21. Second conduit; 22. Third conduit; 23. Fourth conduit; 24. Fifth conduit; 25. Sixth conduit; 26. Seventh conduit; 27. Eighth conduit; 28. Ninth conduit; 29. ​​First water inlet; 30. Tenth conduit; 31. Second water inlet; 32. Sample preparation chamber; 33. Testing chamber; 34. Reinforcing plate; 35. Crossbeam; 36. Injection nozzle; 37. Thick pipe; 38. Upper pipe; 39. Lower pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see Figure 1-6 This invention provides a technical solution: a portable detection device for heavy metal pollutants in water. The device mainly consists of a housing 1, which contains several important components, specifically a shell assembly, a microfluidic sample introduction unit, a sensing and detection unit, a signal processing and control module, a human-machine interface and display module, and a power management module. The shell assembly adopts a waterproof and dustproof handheld shell structure. Inside the shell, the control circuitry and power module are integrated. This design not only facilitates portability but also effectively protects the internal components from external environmental influences.

[0021] The outer casing assembly further includes a housing 2, inside which a base plate 3 is installed. Support components are provided at the four corners of the base plate 3. The sidewalls of these support components are fixedly connected to the support plate 4. It is worth noting that the support plate 4 does not contact the inner sidewall of the housing 2, which can avoid unnecessary friction and interference.

[0022] Each support component consists of a base 5 fixedly installed on top of the base plate 3. A sliding connecting rod 6 is installed through the top of the base 5. The side wall of the connecting rod 6 is connected to the support plate 4 through a sliding support structure. This connection method allows the support plate 4 to slide a small distance within the base 5. This design has the function of buffering and relieving pressure. When the tank 1 starts to take in water to detect the medium, the water flow will put pressure on the support plate 4. The slight sliding of the support plate 4 can effectively relieve this pressure, thereby protecting the internal components from damage. The top of the connecting rod 6 is connected to the inside of the housing 2, so that the water pressure can be transmitted to the connecting rod 6 through the housing 2, which has the effect of buffering and depressurizing.

[0023] The microfluidic sample introduction unit is located on the top of the housing assembly. Its interior includes a pre-set buffer chamber, a sample mixing chamber, and an electrolytic detection cell. The pre-set buffer chamber comprises a first buffer chamber 7, a second buffer chamber 8, a third buffer chamber 9, and a fourth buffer chamber 10 mounted on the top of the housing 2. The first buffer chamber 7 is used to mix reagent A, a strong acid / base adjusting solution for neutralizing water bodies with extreme pH. The second buffer chamber 8 is used to mix reagent B, a high ionic strength supporting electrolyte for use with low conductivity pure water / rainwater. The third buffer chamber 9 is used to mix reagent C, a masking / complexing agent for complex wastewater containing high concentrations of copper, zinc, or organic matter to eliminate interference. The fourth buffer chamber 10 is used to mix reagent D, a digestion aid for water bodies containing organically complexed heavy metals to assist in ion release.

[0024] The first buffer chamber 7 has a first storage chamber 11 in its middle region, which is used to store reagent A; the second buffer chamber 8 has a second storage chamber 12 in its middle region, which is used to store reagent B; the third buffer chamber 9 has a third storage chamber 13 in its middle region, which is used to store reagent C; and the fourth buffer chamber 10 has a fourth storage chamber 14 in its middle region, which is used to store reagent D. The first storage chamber 11, the second storage chamber 12, the third storage chamber 13, and the fourth storage chamber 14 are all embedded in the corresponding buffer chambers. The first storage chamber 11, the second storage chamber 12, the third storage chamber 13, and the fourth storage chamber 14 have multiple delivery holes 15 evenly arranged on part of the side wall inside the buffer chamber. Each delivery hole 15 is equipped with a first intelligent pump 16, which delivers the reagent in the storage chamber 11 to the buffer chamber and then mixes it with the water to be tested entering the buffer chamber.

[0025] Water inlet and pressure buffering stage: The water to be tested enters the tank 1, and the water pressure first acts on the shell 2 and is transmitted through the connecting rod 6. The connecting rod 6 drives the support plate 4 to slide a small distance in the base 5. Through the buffering and stress relief effect of the sliding support structure, the direct impact pressure of the water flow on the internal components is alleviated.

[0026] Reagent selection and delivery stage: According to the specific type of water body to be tested, such as water body with extreme pH, water with low conductivity, complex wastewater or water body containing organic complexed heavy metals, the system activates the corresponding first buffer chamber 7, second buffer chamber 8, third buffer chamber 9 and fourth buffer chamber 10. The reagents (reagents A / B / C / D) located in the corresponding first storage chamber 11, second storage chamber 12, third storage chamber 13 and fourth storage chamber 14 are selected. The first intelligent pump 16 is started to draw the reagents in the storage chambers through the delivery hole 15 and deliver them to the corresponding buffer chambers.

[0027] Mixing and detection preparation stage: The water to be tested entering the buffer chamber is mixed with the reagent that has just been injected in the chamber. The mixed fluid then enters the subsequent part of the microfluidic sample introduction unit, namely the sample mixing chamber and electrolytic detection cell, which is detected by the sensing unit. The signal processing and control module processes the data, and finally the results are output through the human-computer interaction and display module.

[0028] The device integrates four different reagent storage and mixing systems, enabling customized solutions for various water quality problems: Reagent A: Neutralizes water bodies with extreme pH levels.

[0029] Reagent B: Increases the ionic strength of water bodies with low electrical conductivity (such as pure water / rainwater).

[0030] Reagent C: Eliminates interference caused by high concentrations of metals or organic matter.

[0031] Reagent D: Assists in the release of organically complexed heavy metal ions.

[0032] This design enables a single device to meet the complex and ever-changing needs of water body detection, significantly improving the accuracy and applicability of the detection.

[0033] Precise micro-dosing control By utilizing an embedded storage cavity and uniformly distributed delivery holes, along with a first intelligent pump, precise quantitative delivery of reagents and thorough mixing with the water flow to be tested are achieved, ensuring the consistency of the detection reaction.

[0034] The sample mixing chamber includes a pre-mixing component and a post-mixing component. The pre-mixing component includes a motor 17 installed inside the storage chamber. A rotating rod 18 is fixedly installed at the output end of the motor 17, and stirring rods 19 are sequentially installed on the side wall of the rotating rod 18. The system drives the motor 17 to run, which in turn drives the rotating rod 18 to run, which in turn drives the stirring rods 19 to run. The stirring rods 19 stir the reagents. Before each reagent delivery, the reagents must be pre-mixed once. By mechanically stirring the reagents in the storage chamber before delivery, the problems of precipitation, stratification, or uneven concentration that may occur when reagents are left to stand for a long time are effectively solved. This ensures that the concentration of the reagents extracted in each test is accurate and consistent, eliminating the detection error caused by uneven reagents at the source and improving the reliability of the data. The post-mixing component relies on the system to control the power of the first intelligent pump 16, setting the power of the first intelligent pump 16 to low power and high power. In this mode, each reagent delivery requires running the first intelligent pump 16 once with low power and then once with high power. These two power modes accelerate the mixing speed of the reagent and water flow. Low power avoids splashing or bubble generation that may be caused by instantaneous high pressure, ensuring stable sample introduction. High power utilizes instantaneous high flow rate to generate strong shear force and turbulence, greatly accelerating the diffusion and fusion speed of reagent and water molecules. This allows trace amounts of reagent to be fully mixed with the water in a very short time, shortening preparation time before detection and improving overall detection efficiency. For complex wastewater (containing complexing agents, digestion aids, etc.), thorough mixing is crucial for complete chemical reactions. This mixing mechanism ensures that masking agents, digestion aids, etc., can quickly react with interfering or target substances in the water sample, avoiding reaction delays or incomplete reactions due to insufficient mixing, thereby further improving the accuracy of the detection results.

[0035] The top ends of the first buffer chamber 7 are respectively equipped with a first conduit 20 and a second conduit 21. The top ends of the second buffer chamber 8 are respectively equipped with a third conduit 22 and a fourth conduit 23. The top ends of the third buffer chamber 9 are respectively equipped with a fifth conduit 24 and a sixth conduit 25. The top ends of the fourth buffer chamber 10 are respectively equipped with a seventh conduit 26 and an eighth conduit 27. The first conduit 20, the third conduit 22, the fifth conduit 24, and the seventh conduit 26 are all connected to the ninth conduit 28. A first water inlet 29 is provided in the middle area of ​​the ninth conduit 28. The second conduit 21, the fourth conduit 23, the sixth conduit 25, and the eighth conduit 27 are all connected to the tenth conduit 30. A second water inlet 31 is provided in the middle area of ​​the tenth conduit 30. The first conduit 20, the third conduit 22, the fifth conduit 24, the seventh conduit 25, the eighth conduit 26, the ninth conduit 27, the ninth conduit 28, the tenth conduit 20, the tenth conduit 3 ...20, the tenth conduit 21, the ninth conduit 22, the ninth conduit 23, the ninth conduit 24, the ninth conduit 25, the ninth conduit 26, the ninth conduit 27, the tenth conduit 28, the tenth conduit Micro-pumps are installed in the seventh conduit 26, the second conduit 21, the fourth conduit 23, the sixth conduit 25, and the eighth conduit 27 to control the opening and closing of the conduits and thus control the liquid entry. An external hose is connected to the opening of the first water inlet 29 and the second water inlet 31 to draw water from the water source. A sample preparation chamber 32 is set in the middle area between the second buffer chamber 8 and the third buffer chamber 9. The sample preparation chamber 32 is connected to the ninth conduit 28 and the tenth conduit 30, respectively. A multi-dimensional water quality pre-sensing array is set in the sample preparation chamber 32 to detect the water flow entering the sample preparation chamber 32 and then determine the type of reagent that matches the water flow. Then, the system opens the buffer chamber conduit to which the matching reagent belongs, allowing the water flow into the buffer chamber. Then, the storage chamber is opened to release the reagent, allowing the reagent to mix with the water flow. The system can activate specific flow paths as needed without interfering with each other. This modular design not only supports independent switching of multiple reagents, but also prevents cross-contamination between different reagents, ensuring the purity of each test. Each buffer chamber is equipped with two conduits. This design increases the injection flow rate per unit time and shortens the sampling time. At the same time, it provides redundancy in case of unilateral blockage or unstable water pressure, thus improving the stability and reliability of sampling.

[0036] Sampling and preliminary detection stage: Connect the external hose to the water source to be tested, and connect it to the first inlet 29 and the second inlet 31 respectively. The system starts the micro pumps located in each branch conduit, opens the corresponding passage, and the water is drawn in through the conduit and finally flows into the sample preparation chamber 32 located in the middle area between the second buffer chamber 8 and the third buffer chamber 9. The multi-dimensional water quality pre-sensing array in the sample preparation chamber 32 immediately performs rapid preliminary detection on the incoming water flow (such as pH value, conductivity, specific ion concentration, etc.). Based on the data fed back by the pre-sensing array, the system automatically analyzes the water quality characteristics and matches the most suitable reagent type (reagent A / B / C / D) from four preset schemes. The system only opens the inlet and outlet conduits of the buffer chamber corresponding to the matched reagent. For example, if reagent A is required, the first conduit 20 and the second conduit 21 and their internal micro pumps are opened, while other conduits remain closed or in standby mode, thus constructing a dedicated flow path. The selected micro-pump is controlled to draw water samples from the sample preparation chamber 32 into the corresponding buffer chamber. By introducing a multi-dimensional water quality pre-sensing array and a sample preparation chamber, the logic of detection before dosing is realized. It can automatically determine and select the most suitable reagent (A / B / C / D) based on the actual characteristics of the water sample (such as pH and complexity), which greatly avoids reagent waste and ensures that the best reaction conditions can be obtained for different water qualities (extreme pH, low conductivity, high interference, etc.), significantly improving the pertinence and accuracy of detection.

[0037] Users only need to connect the hose, and the device can automatically complete the complex chemical pretreatment process, reducing the reliance on the professional skills of operators. It is very suitable for rapid field testing scenarios. From external water pumping, water quality prediction, reagent selection, path switching, reagent stirring to final mixing, the entire process is automatically controlled by the system.

[0038] The buffer chamber, storage chamber, and sample preparation chamber can all be disassembled for processing.

[0039] The electrolytic detection cell includes a detection chamber 33 mounted on a support plate 4. Reinforcing plates 34 are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the detection chamber 33. A crossbeam 35 is fixedly mounted on the reinforcing plate 34. Multiple injection nozzles 36 are sequentially mounted on the crossbeam 35. The multiple injection nozzles 36 allow the sample liquid to be injected into the detection chamber 33 simultaneously or sequentially from multiple points, rather than from a single point. This effectively avoids eddies, bubble aggregation, or uneven mixing that may occur with single-point injection, ensuring that the electrode surface in the detection chamber can be uniformly and quickly covered by the sample liquid. This significantly improves the representativeness and repeatability of the detection data. A total of eight crossbeams 35 are installed, with each pair of crossbeams connecting to a buffer chamber. Each injection nozzle 36 includes a thick tube 37 placed horizontally in the middle and connected to the crossbeam 35, an upper tube 38 located at the top of the thick tube 37 and connected to the buffer chamber, and a lower tube 39 located at the bottom of the thick tube 37 and connected to the detection chamber 33. A micro intelligent pump is installed inside the thick tube 37 to control the on / off state of the injection nozzle 36. The layout of the eight crossbeams 35 is clear and unambiguous. If new reagent types or detection channels need to be added in the future, the layout of the crossbeams 35 and the injection nozzles 36 can be adjusted on the existing structure without reconstructing the overall flow path. After the reagent and water are fully mixed in the buffer chamber, the system enters the detection phase. Based on the reagent type determined in the previous steps, the system locks the corresponding buffer chamber and its two connected crossbeams 35, a total of eight crossbeams, with each pair corresponding to one buffer chamber to ensure uniform fluid distribution. The injection nozzles 36 on the crossbeams corresponding to other unselected buffer chambers remain closed. The system activates the micro-intelligent pumps inside all injection nozzles 36 on the selected crossbeams 35. The uniformly mixed sample solution flows out of the buffer chamber and into the upper tube 38 of the injection nozzle. The sample solution flows through the thick tube 37, where it is controlled by micro-pumps. The intelligent pump's flow rate is precisely controlled and injected into the detection chamber 33 below through the lower tube 39. Since each buffer chamber corresponds to multiple injection nozzles, the sample liquid is injected into the detection chamber in a multi-point, synchronous, or time-sequential manner to ensure that the liquid surface quickly and evenly covers the electrode area. When the sample liquid fills the detection chamber 33, the sensing and detection unit located in the detection chamber 33 starts to work, performing electrolytic reactions and data acquisition on the target substances in the sample liquid. After the detection is completed, the micro intelligent pump can work in reverse or cooperate with the cleaning fluid flow path to empty the waste liquid in the detection chamber 33, preparing for the next detection.

[0040] This device uses a multi-dimensional pre-sensor array in the sample preparation chamber to diagnose water quality characteristics (such as extreme pH values, low conductivity, complex complex states, etc.) in real time, intelligently makes decisions and automatically matches the optimal solution among four specific reagents; then it links the pre-mounted mechanical anti-settling stirring and the post-mounted high- and low-power dual-mode turbulent mixing technology to ensure that the reagents and water samples achieve molecular-level uniform fusion; finally, the eight-beam multi-nozzle matrix achieves bubble-free, full-coverage, and precise injection of the sample solution, completely integrating the complex laboratory-level chemical pretreatment process into a handheld device. This not only completely eliminates human experience errors and reagent waste, but also achieves high-precision and high-stability on-site detection of complex and variable heavy metal pollutants in water under severe vibration and water pressure conditions in the field.

[0041] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable detection device for heavy metal pollutants in water, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: The housing (1) is equipped with an outer shell assembly, a microfluidic sample injection unit, a sensing and detection unit, a signal processing and control module, and a power management module. The outer shell assembly includes a shell (2) and a support plate (4) disposed inside the shell (2). The support plate (4) is connected to a base plate (3) fixed inside the shell (2) by a plurality of support components. The support components include a base (5) and a connecting rod (6) slidably connected to the top of the base (5). The connecting rod (6) is connected to the support plate (4) so ​​that the support plate (4) can slide slightly inside the base (5) to buffer and unload force. The microfluidic sample introduction unit includes a pre-set buffer chamber, a sample mixing chamber, and an electrolytic detection cell; the pre-set buffer chamber includes a first buffer chamber (7), a second buffer chamber (8), a third buffer chamber (9), and a fourth buffer chamber (10), and each buffer chamber is respectively embedded with a first storage chamber (11), a second storage chamber (12), a third storage chamber (13), and a fourth storage chamber (14) for storing different functional reagents; The microfluidic sample introduction unit also includes a sample preparation chamber (32), which is equipped with a multi-dimensional water quality pre-sensing array to detect the influent water quality and control the opening of the corresponding buffer chamber and storage chamber, so that the reagent and water sample are mixed in the buffer chamber and then enter the electrolytic detection cell for detection.

2. The portable detection device for heavy metal pollutants in water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sidewall of the support component is fixedly connected to the support plate (4), and the support plate (4) does not directly contact the inner sidewall of the housing (2); the top of the connecting rod (6) is connected to the inner side of the housing (2), and the water pressure is transmitted to the connecting rod (6) through the housing (2), which drives the support plate (4) to slide in the base (5) to relieve the pressure on the internal components.

3. A portable detection device for heavy metal pollutants in water according to claim 2, characterized in that: Multiple delivery holes (15) are evenly arranged on the side walls of the first storage cavity (11), the second storage cavity (12), the third storage cavity (13) and the fourth storage cavity (14), and a first intelligent pump (16) is provided at each delivery hole (15).

4. A portable detection device for heavy metal pollutants in water according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sample mixing chamber includes a pre-mixing component and a post-mixing component; The pre-mixing assembly includes a motor (17) installed inside the storage cavity. A rotating rod (18) is fixedly installed at the output end of the motor (17). A stirring rod (19) is installed on the side wall of the rotating rod (18) in sequence for stirring the reagent in the storage cavity before delivering the reagent. The post-mixing component is achieved by controlling the power of the first intelligent pump (16). The system is configured to first drive the first intelligent pump (16) at low power and then drive the first intelligent pump (16) at high power each time a reagent is delivered, so as to achieve the mixing of the reagent and the water flow.

5. A portable detection device for heavy metal pollutants in water according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first buffer chamber (7) is equipped with a first conduit (20) and a second conduit (21) at its top ends, the second buffer chamber (8) is equipped with a third conduit (22) and a fourth conduit (23) at its top ends, the third buffer chamber (9) is equipped with a fifth conduit (24) and a sixth conduit (25) at its top ends, and the fourth buffer chamber (10) is equipped with a seventh conduit (26) and an eighth conduit (27) at its top ends.

6. A portable detection device for heavy metal pollutants in water according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first conduit (20), the third conduit (22), the fifth conduit (24) and the seventh conduit (26) are all connected to the ninth conduit (28), and the ninth conduit (28) is provided with a first water inlet (29); The second conduit (21), the fourth conduit (23), the sixth conduit (25) and the eighth conduit (27) are all connected to the tenth conduit (30), and the tenth conduit (30) is provided with a second water inlet (31).

7. A portable detection device for heavy metal pollutants in water according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each of the first conduit (20) to the eighth conduit (27) is equipped with a micro pump to control the opening and closing of the corresponding conduit and the direction of liquid flow; An external hose is connected to the opening of the first water inlet (29) and the second water inlet (31) for drawing water from the water source; The sample preparation chamber (32) is located in the middle area between the second buffer chamber (8) and the third buffer chamber (9), and is connected to the ninth catheter (28) and the tenth catheter (30) respectively.

8. A portable detection device for heavy metal pollutants in water according to claim 7, characterized in that: The electrolytic detection cell includes a detection chamber (33) set on a support plate (4), and reinforcing plates (34) are symmetrically installed on both sides of the detection chamber (33). A crossbeam (35) is fixedly installed on the reinforcing plate (34). There are eight crossbeams (35) in total, and each pair of crossbeams (35) is connected to a buffer chamber; multiple injection nozzles (36) are installed on the crossbeams (35) in sequence.

9. A portable detection device for heavy metal pollutants in water according to claim 8, characterized in that: Each of the injection nozzles (36) includes a horizontally positioned thick tube (37), an upper tube (38) disposed at the top of the thick tube (37) and connected to the buffer chamber, and a lower tube (39) disposed at the bottom of the thick tube (37) and connected to the detection chamber (33).

10. A portable detection device for heavy metal pollutants in water according to claim 9, characterized in that: A micro intelligent pump is installed inside the thick tube (37) to regulate the on / off state and flow rate of the injection nozzle (36); The system is configured to lock the two crossbeams (35) corresponding to the selected reagent during the detection phase, activate the micro-intelligent pumps in all the injection nozzles (36) on the two crossbeams, and inject the sample solution into the detection chamber (33) simultaneously or sequentially through multiple points.

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