Field water quality on-line monitoring device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of water quality monitoring, and particularly relates to a kind of field water quality on-line monitoring device. It includes cabin, which is internally defined as monitoring cavity, and fluid driving element is arranged in the cabin; monitoring assembly is arranged in the interior of the monitoring cavity, and is suitable for monitoring water body; pipe assembly is connected to the bottom of the cabin, and is suitable for being placed in water environment; water inlet assembly is connected to the end of the inner pipe, and moves to target depth synchronously with the telescopic deformation of the inner pipe. Effective resistance to natural water flow and wind wave disturbance ensures the vertical positioning accuracy of sampling at each target depth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water quality monitoring technology, specifically relating to an online water quality monitoring device for the field. Background Technology

[0002] The water quality of natural water bodies in the wild, such as lakes, reservoirs, and rivers, is a core indicator for ecological and environmental protection. In real aquatic environments, water quality parameters are not uniformly consistent throughout the body, but rather exhibit significant vertical stratification.

[0003] Specifically, the shallow water layer from 0m to 3m below the surface, namely the surface and upper-middle light-transmitting zone, is the most sensitive monitoring zone for water quality changes in the entire aquatic ecosystem. On the one hand, sunlight penetrates this depth, resulting in extremely active photosynthesis and making it a core area for cyanobacterial blooms and phytoplankton proliferation. On the other hand, this water layer is in direct contact with the atmosphere, leading to significant diurnal fluctuations and vertical gradients in dissolved oxygen, temperature, and pollutant concentrations. Therefore, automatic vertical profile monitoring of water bodies at depths of 0m to 3m is of irreplaceable importance for water pollution early warning and ecological mechanism research.

[0004] Currently, existing automatic lifting devices for field water quality profiling are mainly divided into winch-cable type structures. The winch-cable type relies on a winch at the top to wind up and unwind a flexible cable, suspending the water quality sensor for submersion. However, on the one hand, the flexible cable lacks lateral stiffness, and when faced with natural water currents or wind and wave disturbances, the suspended sensor will experience severe lateral displacement and swaying, leading to serious inaccuracies in the actual vertical sampling depth. On the other hand, the water quality sensor is constantly underwater, significantly reducing its lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this invention provides an online water quality monitoring device for the field.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A field-based online water quality monitoring device is provided, suitable for water quality monitoring in shallow water environments within 3 meters, including: The cabin defines a monitoring cavity, and a fluid drive component is installed inside the cabin. A monitoring component, disposed inside the monitoring cavity, is suitable for monitoring water bodies; A pipe assembly, connected to the bottom of the hull, is suitable for placement in an aquatic environment; The pipe assembly includes at least an outer pipe fitting, an inner pipe fitting, and a central pipe fitting arranged coaxially. The fluid drive unit is connected to the inner tube, and the inner tube undergoes axial expansion and contraction deformation under the drive of the fluid drive unit. The water inlet assembly is connected to the end of the inner pipe and moves synchronously to the target depth as the inner pipe expands and contracts. Furthermore, the water inlet assembly is connected to the monitoring chamber via the central pipe, and the fluid drive is also adapted to provide fluid suction power to introduce the water sample at the target depth into the monitoring chamber.

[0007] Preferably, the pipe assembly further includes an elastic reset member disposed outside or inside the inner pipe, the two ends of the elastic reset member abutting against the chamber and the water inlet assembly, respectively.

[0008] Preferably, the fluid drive includes a pump suction assembly and a multi-way directional valve; The pump suction assembly is connected to the external water environment, the inner cavity of the inner pipe, and the central pipe respectively through the multi-way reversing valve; The multi-way directional valve is configured as follows: In the first state, the pump suction assembly is guided to inject or pump water into the inner pipe to drive the inner pipe to produce expansion and contraction deformation. In the second state, the pump assembly is guided to draw water samples at the target depth via the central tube.

[0009] Preferably, the outer pipe fitting has a guide groove extending axially on its peripheral sidewall, and the water inlet assembly has a guide member that slides with the guide groove on its peripheral side. The inner wall of the outer tube is provided with multiple magnetic positioning nodes spaced apart along the axial direction, and the guide is embedded with a magnet that is compatible with the magnetic positioning nodes.

[0010] Preferably, the water inlet assembly includes: The main body is connected to the end of the inner tube and has a fluid cavity inside, which is in communication with the central tube. A water filter element is disposed on the main body and communicates with the fluid cavity, and is adapted to block external impurities from entering the central pipe. The guide head, connected to the end of the main body facing the bottom of the water, has a conical or streamlined structure; Furthermore, the guide member is fixedly disposed on the periphery of the main body, and the outer side of the guide member is attached to the inner wall surface of the guide groove.

[0011] Preferably, the outer side of the guide member is provided with a scraper structure, which is adapted to scrape off the attached impurities inside the guide groove when the water inlet assembly moves along the outer pipe. And / or, the guide head is rotatably connected to the main body via a thrust bearing, and the circumferential wall of the guide head is provided with several spiral grooves, which are adapted to rotate under the thrust of the fluid when the water inlet assembly moves axially.

[0012] Preferably, it includes: A floating platform is connected to the bottom of the hull or the outer circumference of the tube assembly; The floating platform is adapted to provide overall buoyancy to the device, so that the hull floats and remains above the water surface, and the pipe assembly is suspended vertically in the aquatic environment.

[0013] Preferably, the fluid drive has an inlet end independent of the water inlet assembly, and the water inlet end is in communication with the external water environment.

[0014] Preferably, the chamber has a waste liquid discharge outlet that communicates with the monitoring cavity; The waste liquid outlet is equipped with a one-way valve, which is suitable for discharging the water sample after monitoring in the monitoring chamber into the external environment in one direction.

[0015] Preferably, it includes an anchoring component; The anchoring assembly includes a flexible mooring element and a counterweight. One end of the flexible mooring element is connected to the floating platform or the hull, and the other end is connected to the counterweight. The counterweight is adapted to sink to the bottom of the water to confine the device to the target water area.

[0016] This invention provides an online water quality monitoring device for the field. The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Firstly, compared to the shortcomings of existing technologies where flexible cables are easily impacted by water flow and sway laterally, leading to inaccurate sampling depth, this invention directly constructs a stable motion track and constraint space in the vertical direction through rigid tube components. The lifting and lowering displacement of the water inlet component is always restricted in the axial direction, effectively resisting natural water flow and wind and wave disturbances, and ensuring the vertical positioning accuracy of sampling at target depths from 0m to 3m.

[0017] Secondly, the fluid drive unit within the chamber directly injects or extracts fluid media into the inner pipework. The axial expansion and contraction of the inner pipework drives the water intake assembly to rise and fall to the target depth. Simultaneously, the same fluid drive unit can also provide suction power, introducing water samples at the target depth into the monitoring chamber through the central pipework. The entire device eliminates the need for traditional complex mechanisms such as winches, pulley systems, and load-bearing cables, integrating depth adjustment and sampling drive into the fluid piping system. This significantly simplifies the mechanical structure and improves the reliability of long-term field operation.

[0018] In addition, the monitoring components are located inside the monitoring chamber of the cabin and only come into contact with the water samples sent in through the central pipe during the sampling stage, rather than being continuously immersed in the water in the wild. This avoids the long-term effects of water corrosion, biological adhesion and water pressure on the sensor, and greatly extends the service life and maintenance cycle of the sensor. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the field water quality online monitoring device proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the field water quality online monitoring device proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a side view of the field water quality online monitoring device proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the field water quality online monitoring device proposed in this invention; Figure 5 This is one of the schematic diagrams showing the cooperation relationship between the guide groove and the guide component in the field water quality online monitoring device proposed in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of the field water quality online monitoring device proposed in this invention; Figure 7 This is the second schematic diagram showing the cooperation relationship between the guide groove and the guide component in the field water quality online monitoring device proposed in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic positioning node in the field water quality online monitoring device proposed in this invention.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Hull; 2. Monitoring chamber; 301. Pump suction assembly; 302. Multi-way directional valve; 4. Monitoring assembly; 5. Piping assembly; 501. Outer pipe fittings; 502. Inner pipe fittings; 503. Central pipe fittings; 6. Water inlet assembly; 601. Main body; 602. Water filter; 603. Guide head; 7. Elastic reset component; 801. Guide groove; 802. Guide component; 9. Magnetic positioning node; 10. Scraper structure; 11. Floating platform; 12. Water inlet end; 13. Waste liquid outlet; 1401. Flexible mooring component; 1402. Counterweight component. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figures 1-8As shown, the specific embodiments provided by the present invention are as follows: like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, embodiments of the present invention propose an online water quality monitoring device for the field, which is particularly suitable for water quality monitoring in shallow water environments within 3 meters. In natural water bodies such as lakes and reservoirs, the surface and upper water layers from 0m to 3m are the areas where algae growth, dissolved oxygen, and pollutant concentrations exhibit the most dramatic vertical variations and are most susceptible to disturbance by wind and waves.

[0023] Specifically, the field water quality online monitoring device includes a cabin 1, which serves as both the mounting carrier and protective shell for the internal components. Inside the cabin 1, a relatively enclosed monitoring chamber 2 is defined, which is used to contain the water sample to be tested. Inside the monitoring chamber 2, a monitoring component 4 is installed. This component 4 includes various water quality analysis sensors, such as turbidity, dissolved oxygen, and temperature sensors, which are suitable for direct immersion or contact with the water introduced into the monitoring chamber 2 to perform real-time online monitoring of the physicochemical indicators of the water sample. Simultaneously, the cabin 1 also contains a fluid drive unit that provides a power source, capable of generating positive pressure output or negative pressure suction.

[0024] Connected to the bottom of the hull 1 is a pipe assembly 5, which is suitable for vertical placement in a water environment during actual operation. To overcome mechanical interference caused by the complex underwater environment, the pipe assembly 5 includes at least an outer pipe 501, an inner pipe 502, and a central pipe 503 arranged coaxially from the outside in. Specifically, the outermost outer pipe 501 provides the internal structure with the ability to resist the impact of external water flow and provides vertical constraint space; while the inner pipe 502 and the central pipe 503 have the ability to extend and retract axially.

[0025] The fluid drive component is fluidly connected to the inner cavity of the inner tube 502. When the fluid drive component injects fluid medium into the inner tube 502, increasing its internal pressure, the inner tube 502 undergoes axial elongation deformation against external water pressure under the drive of the fluid pressure. Conversely, when the fluid drive component changes its operating state and extracts fluid from the inner tube 502, the inner tube 502 undergoes axial contraction deformation. To achieve target water layer sampling, a water inlet assembly 6 is connected to the lowermost end of the inner tube 502. As the sampling execution end directly facing the external water area, the water inlet assembly 6 is pushed and pulled by the inner tube 502 during the aforementioned axial elongation or contraction deformation, allowing it to move synchronously in a straight line underwater, thus hovering at target depths ranging from 0m to 3m.

[0026] Once the inlet assembly 6 reaches the set target depth along with the inner pipe 502, the device enters the sampling stage. At this time, the fluid drive unit inside the chamber 1 provides fluid suction power. Under the negative pressure suction generated by the fluid drive unit, the original water sample at the target depth enters from the inlet assembly 6, is drawn from bottom to top along the inner cavity of the central pipe 503, and is finally introduced into the monitoring chamber 2 for the monitoring assembly 4 to read and analyze the water quality data in real time.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the central fitting 503 is specifically an axially expandable flexible hose.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the circumferential wall of the outer pipe 501 is provided with a through slot along its axial direction, and the water inlet of the water inlet assembly 6 corresponds to the position of the slot.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, considering that the water inlet assembly 6 has its own weight in the underwater natural suspension state, in order to prevent the flexible inner tube 502 from being passively stretched by its own weight when the fluid drive is not applied, thereby causing uncontrolled drift of the monitoring depth, the tube assembly 5 further includes an elastic reset member 7.

[0030] Specifically, the elastic reset member 7 can be installed around the outer periphery of the inner pipe 502, or inserted into the internal cavity of the inner pipe 502, depending on the overall pipe diameter requirements. The upper and lower ends of the elastic reset member 7 abut against the bottom of the chamber 1 and the main body of the water inlet assembly 6, respectively.

[0031] Specifically, in a water monitoring environment with a maximum depth of 1.5m, the elastic reset element 7 can be made of a tension spring.

[0032] In a water monitoring environment with a maximum depth of 3m, the elastic reset component 7 is preferably made of marine-grade silicone elastic rope or multi-strand latex elastic rope, which is threaded inside or outside the inner tube 502.

[0033] When the device is in standby or retracted state, the initial elastic retraction force provided upward by the elastic reset member 7 is configured to be slightly greater than the net downward force of the water inlet assembly 6 in the aquatic environment. Therefore, the elastic reset member 7 can overcome gravity interference at all times, supporting the water inlet assembly 6 and maintaining the inner tube 502 in a compact initial retracted state. When the fluid drive injects water into the inner tube 502, the axial thrust generated by the fluid expansion will overcome the elastic force threshold of the elastic reset member 7, forcing the inner tube 502 to extend and driving the water inlet assembly 6 to submerge; while when the fluid drive actively reverses the pumping to recover the water inlet assembly 6, the elastic potential energy released by the elastic reset member 7 works synergistically with the negative pressure of the fluid suction, which can not only assist the water inlet assembly 6 to pull back quickly and effectively avoid the flexible inner tube 502 from local collapse and instability under pure negative pressure suction, but also provide a certain axial buffer damping when encountering water flow disturbance.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the fluid drive is composed of a pump suction assembly 301 and a multi-way reversing valve 302.

[0035] Specifically, the multi-way directional valve 302 has multiple independent valve port flow channels, which are respectively connected to the external water environment, the inner cavity of the inner pipe 502, and the innermost central pipe 503. The pump suction assembly 301 is connected to the main channel of the multi-way directional valve 302.

[0036] When the sampling depth needs to be adjusted, the multi-way directional valve 302 switches to the first state. In this first state, the multi-way directional valve 302 connects the pump assembly 301 to the inner cavity of the inner tube 502. At this time, the pump assembly 301 draws water from the external water environment as a driving medium and injects it into the inner cavity of the inner tube 502. The fluid pressure overcomes the external resistance, driving the inner tube 502 to undergo axial elongation deformation, thereby causing the probe to submerge. Alternatively, the fluid in the inner tube 502 can be actively extracted through reverse pumping, and with the assistance of the retraction force of the elastic reset member 7, the inner tube 502 can be driven to undergo contraction deformation to retrieve the probe. During this process, the actively extracted fluid is suitable for direct discharge to the external environment.

[0037] When the probe reaches the set target water depth and the device enters the sampling stage, the system controls the multi-way reversing valve 302 to switch to the second state. In this second state, the multi-way reversing valve 302 cuts off the connection with the inner pipe 502, instead guiding the pump assembly 301 and the central pipe 503 to establish a smooth suction flow path. At this time, under the suction negative pressure generated by the pump assembly 301, the water sample at the target depth enters from the bottom inlet assembly 6, is drawn upwards along the central pipe 503, and is introduced into the monitoring chamber 2.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, considering the unpredictable lateral water flow impacts such as bottom currents and waves commonly found in outdoor water environments, in order to prevent the water inlet assembly 6 from shifting or swaying during the lifting and lowering process, and to avoid the flexible inner pipe 502 from twisting or serpentine instability, in this embodiment, a guide groove 801 extending axially is provided on the peripheral side wall of the outer pipe 501, and a guide member 802 that slides in cooperation with the guide groove 801 is correspondingly provided on the outer peripheral side of the water inlet assembly 6.

[0039] Specifically, when the inner pipe 502 extends or retracts under fluid drive, the guide 802 on the water inlet assembly 6 always slides within the guide groove 801. This restricts the motion freedom of the water inlet assembly 6 to a single axial translation, allowing the lateral shear force and torque generated by the water flow impact to be directly transmitted and neutralized onto the outer pipe 501, thus providing reliable physical protection for the internal flexible piping.

[0040] like Figure 8 As shown, furthermore, in order to achieve the calibration and stabilization of sampling depth in an underwater environment, this embodiment also includes a magnetic positioning structure. The inner wall of the outer tube 501 is provided with multiple magnetic positioning nodes 9 arranged at preset intervals along its axial direction, and magnets compatible with the polarity or magnetism of these magnetic positioning nodes 9 are embedded inside the guide member 802.

[0041] When the water inlet assembly 6 moves up and down along the outer pipe 501 driven by the inner pipe 502, the magnet in the guide 802 will pass through these magnetic positioning nodes 9 in sequence. When the water inlet assembly 6 reaches any magnetic positioning node 9, the magnetic attraction between the magnet and the node will form a resistance barrier. If the fluid drive stops changing pressure at this time, the magnetic attraction can hold the water inlet assembly 6 in place at that depth, effectively resisting the slight disturbance of the water flow and greatly reducing the continuous energy consumption required by the fluid drive to maintain a specific depth. Secondly, the sudden change in magnetic force or mechanical jerking sensation generated by the magnet each time it passes through the positioning node can be converted into a step-by-step displacement signal. Preferably, this is sensed by monitoring the pulsation of the fluid pressure in the pipe at the top of the hull 1, thereby realizing a mechanical measurement of the diving depth without the need to deploy any fragile electronic displacement sensors underwater.

[0042] In one specific embodiment, the step-type displacement signal monitoring device is a fluid pressure sensor disposed inside the cabin 1 and connected to the output end of the fluid drive device or the inner cavity of the inner tube 502.

[0043] Specifically, when the fluid drive continuously injects or pumps water into the inner pipe 502 to drive the water inlet assembly 6 to move axially at a constant speed, the fluid pressure inside the pipe is usually maintained at a relatively stable basic threshold. However, whenever the guide 802 on the side of the water inlet assembly 6 drives the magnet past a magnetic positioning node 9 on the outer pipe 501, the magnetic attraction force generated between the magnet and the node will bring physical resistance to the smooth movement of the water inlet assembly 6, thereby generating a pressure pulse or pressure step signal in the fluid pipeline.

[0044] At this time, the fluid pressure sensor captures the pressure pulse signal. Since the physical distance between two adjacent magnetic positioning nodes 9 on the inner wall of the outer pipe 501 is a pre-set known constant, by accumulating the number of pressure pulses recorded by the fluid pressure sensor and multiplying it by the pre-set distance, the actual diving depth of the water inlet assembly 6 can be calculated and monitored without the need for any underwater power-conducting components.

[0045] In one specific embodiment, to ensure the safety of core electrical components in a water-based environment, the interior of the cabin 1 is further divided into a sealed dry zone isolated from the external water body. A controller is securely installed within the sealed dry zone, and this controller is electrically connected to the fluid pressure sensor at least in a signal communication manner.

[0046] Specifically, the controller is adapted to receive pressure pulse signals captured by the fluid pressure sensor in real time. The controller internally has a fixed physical distance between two adjacent magnetic positioning nodes 9 on the outer pipe 501. When the controller receives the pressure pulse signal, it calculates and outputs the actual diving depth of the water inlet assembly 6 by counting the cumulative trigger count of the pulse signal and multiplying it with the fixed physical distance, without introducing any underwater ranging elements. Furthermore, it sends a signal to stop the fluid drive mechanism when the preset diving depth is reached.

[0047] More specifically, considering that pressure pulse counting is an incremental measurement, the controller is configured to have initial zero-point calibration logic in order to obtain accurate diving depth.

[0048] Specifically, a set of magnetic positioning nodes 9 is set at a certain position closest to the water surface, designated as the initial calibration point. The controller controls the fluid drive to continuously perform reverse pumping operations, and the water inlet assembly 6 retracts upwards. When the water inlet assembly 6 retracts to its uppermost position, i.e., the initial calibration point, the inner tube 502 can no longer contract. At this point, the fluid pressure sensor will detect a continuous and stable negative pressure threshold, and no new pressure pulse signals will be generated. Based on this, the controller determines that the water inlet assembly 6 has reached the absolute physical zero point and forcibly resets the internal depth counter to zero.

[0049] After the zero-point calibration is completed, the controller is adapted to receive the pressure pulse signal captured by the fluid pressure sensor in real time. The controller has a fixed physical distance between two adjacent magnetic positioning nodes 9 on the outer pipe 501. When the controller receives the pressure pulse signal, it uses the calibrated absolute zero point as a reference and performs addition and subtraction counts according to whether the fluid drive component is currently in the state of water injection submersion or water pumping recovery. By counting the cumulative trigger times of the pulse signal and performing a product operation in combination with the fixed physical distance, the actual submersion depth of the water inlet component 6 can be calculated and output without the introduction of any underwater ranging element.

[0050] In one specific embodiment, in order to meet the standard requirements for conventional vertical profile monitoring of surface water environmental quality, the magnetic positioning nodes 9 on the inner wall of the outer pipe fitting 501 are specifically set to 6 sets.

[0051] Specifically, the six sets of magnetic positioning nodes 9 are arranged at equal intervals from top to bottom along the axial direction of the outer pipe 501, and their corresponding diving depths in the actual water body of the water inlet assembly 6 are respectively 0.5m, 1.0m, 1.5m, 2.0m, 2.5m and 3.0m.

[0052] In one specific embodiment, the monitoring component 4, located inside the monitoring chamber 2, is connected to the controller in the sealed dry area via data communication. When the monitoring component 4 comes into contact with a water sample at the target depth and acquires raw water quality physicochemical simulation signals, such as dissolved oxygen, turbidity, pH value, temperature, and other electrical signals, the raw signals are transmitted to the controller in real time.

[0053] Furthermore, the sealed dry area also integrates a local storage module and a wireless communication component connected to the controller, such as a 4G / 5G communication module, an NB-IoT Internet of Things module, or a BeiDou satellite short message module. Under normal operating conditions, the controller packages the processed digital water quality parameters, along with the calculated current diving depth and timestamp, into a data package and transmits it in real-time to a cloud server or the user's remote monitoring terminal via the wireless communication component.

[0054] like Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, in one specific embodiment, the guide member 802 is a slider, which slides in conjunction with the guide groove 801.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, the water inlet assembly 6 includes a main body 601, a water filter 602, and a guide head 603.

[0056] Specifically, the upper end of the main body 601 is sealed and connected to the end of the inner pipe 502. A fluid cavity is hollowly formed inside the main body 601, which is directly fluidly connected to the innermost central pipe 503. Considering that shallow water environments of 0m to 3m are often rich in suspended sediment, aquatic plant debris, and large algae particles, a filter element 602 connected to the fluid cavity is mounted on the main body 601. When the fluid drive generates a suction negative pressure, external water must first pass through the physical interception of the filter element 602 before entering the fluid cavity and finally flowing into the central pipe 503.

[0057] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown, specifically, a guide head 603 is connected to the lower end of the main body 601 facing the bottom. This guide head 603 has a conical or streamlined structure. When the inner tube 502 extends downwards under fluid drive, pushing against the water inlet assembly 6 to descend to the target water depth, the conical or streamlined structure greatly reduces hydrodynamic resistance; simultaneously, its smooth and sharp external contour effectively removes any flexible aquatic plants or floating debris that may exist underwater, ensuring the probe can smoothly and vertically penetrate complex water layers and preventing aquatic plants from accumulating on the walls.

[0058] Furthermore, the guide member 802 is fixedly disposed on the outer periphery of the main body 601, and the outer contour of the guide member 802 precisely fits the inner wall surface of the guide groove 801 of the outer tube 501. By directly integrating the guide member 802 into the side of the main body 601, which has a certain mass and volume, the water inlet assembly 6 can directly transmit the torque and lateral force it receives to the rigid outer tube 501 to dissipate the force when subjected to lateral shear force from the water flow or when the guide head 603 encounters irregular obstacles. This avoids the swaying of the water inlet assembly 6 at the suspended end and also prevents the flexible inner tube 502 from undergoing destructive torsion due to uneven force distribution at the bottom.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment, before sampling, a certain amount of water can be drawn into the monitoring chamber 2 and then discharged to empty the water originally stored in the central tube before sampling, so as to ensure that the water sample at the target depth is introduced into the monitoring chamber 2.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, considering the shallow water environment in the wild, especially the area where aquatic plants grow, algae proliferate, and silt adheres most severely at a depth of 0m to 3m, in order to prevent impurities from causing jamming or entanglement of the mechanical transmission pair, this embodiment provides a scraper structure 10 protruding from the outside of the guide member 802.

[0061] Specifically, the guide groove 801 is a through groove that radially penetrates the side wall of the outer tube 501, or at least its upper and lower ends are open; the scraper structure 10 has an inclined chip removal surface.

[0062] In actual operation, when the inner pipe 502 reciprocates axially under fluid drive, thereby causing the water inlet assembly 6 to move up and down along the guide groove 801 of the outer pipe 501, the scraper structure 10 always closely adheres to and scrapes the inner wall surface of the guide groove 801. Since long-term immersion of outdoor equipment easily leads to the formation of slippery biofilms or the deposition of quartz sand particles in the trench, the scraper structure 10 removes the attached impurities inside the guide groove 801 during each routine lifting and deepening process of the water inlet assembly 6. Guided by the debris discharge surface, the scraped impurities are directly discharged through the through gaps or open ends of the guide groove 801 and scattered into the external natural water body, effectively preventing the accumulation and compression of impurities inside the guide groove 801.

[0063] Furthermore, the guide head 603 is rotatably connected to the main body 601 via a thrust bearing. The circumferential wall of the guide head 603 is provided with several spiral grooves. When the fluid drive component propels the water inlet assembly 6 to move rapidly axially in the water, such as during diving or surfacing, the relatively stationary external water flows at a high velocity across the surface of the guide head 603 and impacts the spiral grooves. At this time, the spiral grooves convert the axial fluid thrust into a circumferential rotational torque, forcing the guide head 603 to rotate under the drive of the water flow. This allows for the active cutting away or removal of foreign objects such as flexible aquatic plant fibers, discarded fishing nets, or plastic films attempting to entangle the bottom of the probe.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, considering that open water areas such as the center of a lake or a large reservoir often lack piers or shore platforms for securing equipment, this embodiment also includes a floating platform 11.

[0065] Specifically, the floating platform 11 can adopt various adaptive structures. For example, the floating platform 11 can be directly connected to and supported at the bottom of the cabin 1 in a base-like or raft-like form; or, the floating platform 11 can be a ring-shaped or collar-shaped structure, fitted and fixed to the outermost side of the pipe assembly 5, i.e., the outer circumferential side of the outer pipe fitting 501. Regardless of the connection form, the floating platform 11 is made of a low-density, high-buoyancy material, such as polyurethane foam or a hollow rigid plastic shell, and is configured to provide an overall upward buoyancy of much greater than the self-weight of the entire online water quality monitoring device.

[0066] This allows the top-mounted compartment 1 to float and remain above the dry water surface. It eliminates the risk of compartment 1 being submerged in deep, high-pressure water, significantly reduces the overall waterproofing and sealing costs, and eliminates the potential for underwater leaks to cause catastrophic system failure.

[0067] Secondly, because the floating platform 11 with positive buoyancy is located in the upper part of the device, while the pipe assembly 5 and the water inlet assembly 6 with certain counterweights are located in the lower part, the entire device naturally forms a stable center of gravity distribution that rises and falls in the water. Under the action of this self-stabilizing torque, the pipe assembly 5 can resist the swaying interference of water waves and hang stably in the water environment in a vertical posture. This ensures that every change in axial length of the inner pipe 502 during fluid hydraulic expansion and contraction can be converted into a depth variable in the vertical direction, thereby ensuring the accuracy of shallow water profile sampling depth.

[0068] In a preferred embodiment, the fluid drive is provided with a water inlet 12.

[0069] Specifically, the water inlet 12 is in direct fluid communication with the external water environment. For example, it can be directly located on the outer wall of the hull 1 below the water surface, or at the upper end of the outer pipe 501. In actual operation, when a diving action is required, the fluid drive unit draws external water from the surface water around the device via the independent water inlet 12 as a hydraulic medium, and pressurizes it to inject into the inner cavity of the inner pipe 502, thereby opening the inner pipe 502.

[0070] In a preferred embodiment, the chamber 1 is provided with a waste liquid discharge outlet 13 that is in fluid communication with the inside of the monitoring chamber 2.

[0071] After the device completes the monitoring of various physicochemical indicators of the current batch of water samples, the water samples that have lost their testing value are converted into waste liquid. At this time, the positive pressure generated by the fluid drive component can smoothly discharge these waste liquids into the external natural environment through the waste liquid discharge port 13, thereby completing the fluid intake and exhaust closed loop of a single sampling and monitoring cycle.

[0072] To prevent external environmental water from flowing back into the core testing area, a one-way valve is installed on the waste liquid discharge outlet 13. The mechanical structure of this one-way valve is configured to allow fluid to flow out from the inside of the monitoring chamber 2 to the external environment in only one direction, while strictly preventing the reverse inflow of external fluid.

[0073] Since the device's chamber 1 typically floats on the surface of open water, it is surrounded by shallow surface water that easily accumulates cyanobacteria, oil, and suspended impurities. The physical blocking effect of the one-way valve completely eliminates the possibility of external surface water flowing back into the monitoring chamber 2 due to waves, water level fluctuations, or pressure differences. Through this one-way waste discharge mechanism, the system maintains a relatively clean internal environment in the monitoring chamber 2 at all times, ensuring that the next undisturbed water sample extracted from the designated target depth will not be cross-contaminated by surface water or residual waste liquid.

[0074] In a preferred embodiment, considering that the device is in a free-floating working state in open waters, in order to prevent it from being uncontrollably drifting with the current or even running aground and being lost under the action of natural environmental dynamics such as wind and waves, surface currents or bottom currents, this embodiment is equipped with an anchoring component.

[0075] In terms of specific structure, the anchoring assembly is mainly composed of a flexible mooring component 1401 and a counterweight component 1402.

[0076] The flexible mooring component 1401 can be, for example, made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant nylon cable, rubber-coated steel wire rope, or stainless steel anchor chain. Its top end is connected to the floating platform 11 or hull 1 located on the water surface, while its bottom end extends downward and connects to the counterweight 1402. The counterweight 1402 is typically made of a high-density block material, such as concrete blocks or cast iron anchor blocks. In actual deployment, the counterweight 1402 is suitable for direct sinking and relying on its huge self-weight to stably embed or anchor itself to the bottom of the water in the wild, such as a lakebed or riverbed.

[0077] Based on this, it is ensured that the device can be stationed at specific geographical coordinates, namely the designated monitoring sections planned by the environmental protection department, for a long period of time, thereby ensuring the high consistency and scientific comparability of water quality profile data obtained at different time periods in terms of spatial location; secondly, the use of flexible mooring components 1401 with a certain length redundancy instead of rigid pile foundations can adapt to the drastic seasonal rise and fall of water levels in natural water bodies in the wild due to rainfall, drought or tides, ensuring that the floating platform 11 at the top can always rise and fall freely with the water surface, and will not be pulled underwater due to rising water levels.

[0078] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An online water quality monitoring device for field use, suitable for water quality monitoring in shallow water environments within 3 meters, characterized in that, include: The cabin defines a monitoring cavity, and a fluid drive component is installed inside the cabin. A monitoring component, located inside the monitoring cavity, is suitable for monitoring water bodies; A pipe assembly, connected to the bottom of the hull, is suitable for placement in an aquatic environment; The pipe assembly includes at least an outer pipe fitting, an inner pipe fitting, and a central pipe fitting arranged coaxially. The fluid drive unit is connected to the inner tube, and the inner tube undergoes axial expansion and contraction deformation under the drive of the fluid drive unit. The water inlet assembly is connected to the end of the inner pipe and moves synchronously to the target depth as the inner pipe expands and contracts. Furthermore, the water inlet assembly is connected to the monitoring chamber via the central pipe, and the fluid drive is also adapted to provide fluid suction power to introduce the water sample at the target depth into the monitoring chamber.

2. The field water quality online monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pipe assembly also includes an elastic reset member disposed outside or inside the inner pipe, with its two ends abutting against the chamber and the water inlet assembly, respectively.

3. The field water quality online monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fluid drive unit includes a pump suction assembly and a multi-way reversing valve; The pump suction assembly is connected to the external water environment, the inner cavity of the inner pipe, and the central pipe respectively through the multi-way reversing valve; The multi-way directional valve is configured as follows: In the first state, the pump suction assembly is guided to inject or pump water into the inner pipe to drive the inner pipe to produce expansion and contraction deformation. In the second state, the pump assembly is guided to draw water samples at the target depth via the central tube.

4. The field water quality online monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer pipe fitting has a guide groove extending axially on its peripheral side wall, and the water inlet assembly has a guide member that slides in cooperation with the guide groove on its peripheral side. The inner wall of the outer tube is provided with multiple magnetic positioning nodes spaced apart along the axial direction, and the guide is embedded with a magnet that is compatible with the magnetic positioning nodes.

5. The field water quality online monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The water inlet assembly includes: The main body is connected to the end of the inner tube and has a fluid cavity inside, which is in communication with the central tube. A water filter element is disposed on the main body and communicates with the fluid cavity, and is adapted to block external impurities from entering the central pipe. The guide head, connected to the end of the main body facing the bottom of the water, has a conical or streamlined structure; Furthermore, the guide member is fixedly disposed on the periphery of the main body, and the outer side of the guide member is attached to the inner wall surface of the guide groove.

6. The field water quality online monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer side of the guide member is provided with a scraper structure, which is adapted to scrape off the attached impurities inside the guide groove when the water inlet assembly moves along the outer pipe. And / or, the guide head is rotatably connected to the main body via a thrust bearing, and the circumferential wall of the guide head is provided with several spiral grooves, which are adapted to rotate under the thrust of the fluid when the water inlet assembly moves axially.

7. The field water quality online monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: A floating platform is connected to the bottom of the hull or the outer circumference of the tube assembly; The floating platform is adapted to provide overall buoyancy to the device, so that the hull floats and remains above the water surface, and the pipe assembly is suspended vertically in the aquatic environment.

8. The field water quality online monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fluid drive has an inlet end that is independent of the water inlet assembly and is in communication with the external water environment.

9. The field water quality online monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chamber is equipped with a waste liquid discharge outlet that communicates with the monitoring chamber; The waste liquid outlet is equipped with a one-way valve, which is suitable for discharging the water sample after monitoring in the monitoring chamber into the external environment in one direction.

10. The field water quality online monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that, Includes anchoring components; The anchoring assembly includes a flexible mooring element and a counterweight. One end of the flexible mooring element is connected to the floating platform or the hull, and the other end is connected to the counterweight. The counterweight is adapted to sink to the bottom of the water to confine the device to the target water area.

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