Power transmission line cableway design and simulation method, device and medium based on three-dimensional GIS

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on three-dimensional GIS transmission line cableway design and simulation method, equipment and medium, it is related to transmission line engineering construction digitalization design field.The method comprises the following steps: obtaining basic parameters of cableway;Load terrain data in three-dimensional GIS scene and interactively pick up start and stop and support point to generate cableway path;Based on catenary theory and iterative method, calculate no-load condition, obtain tension and sag of each section;According to the length of traction cable, the analysis step is divided, and the dynamic load stress analysis and safety check are carried out by gradually simulating load movement;Based on support point coordinates and vector calculation, automatically generate three-dimensional construction area boundary;Finally, render cableway model in three-dimensional scene and dynamically simulate running process.The application overcomes the defects of poor intuitiveness and simplified mechanics calculation of traditional two-dimensional design, significantly improves the interactive efficiency, mechanics calculation accuracy and three-dimensional visualization guiding ability for on-site construction of design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of digital and intelligent design technology for power transmission line engineering construction, and more specifically, to a method, equipment, and medium for designing and simulating power transmission line cableways based on three-dimensional GIS. Background Technology

[0002] Transmission line construction projects typically traverse complex terrains such as mountains, hills, and canyons. In these areas where vehicles are difficult to access, aerial cableways, as an efficient and environmentally friendly vertical and horizontal transportation tool, are widely used for transporting tower materials, conductors, and construction equipment. The scientific accuracy of cableway design directly affects the efficiency and inherent safety of construction operations. Currently, traditional methods for designing and analyzing the stress on transmission line cableways mainly rely on a combination of manual on-site surveys and two-dimensional drawings (such as CAD plan and section drawings). With the development of engineering technology, this traditional method has revealed many limitations and can no longer meet the requirements of modern power grid construction for efficiency, accuracy, and digitalization, specifically in the following aspects: Traditional methods for cableway route planning, based on two-dimensional plan and cross-sectional diagrams, cannot accurately reflect the three-dimensional micro-topographical undulations, slope gradients, and spatial obstacle distribution of the site. Designers often find it difficult to intuitively assess the safe distance between the cableway sag and the ground, requiring repeated on-site manual measurements and calibrations, resulting in lengthy design cycles and difficulties in comparing different options.

[0003] The true form of the cableway's supporting cable under its own weight and load is a catenary. In current calculations, to reduce computational complexity, a parabolic approximation formula is often used instead of the precise catenary equation, or only a few static characteristic points are calculated in isolation. Especially under the load conditions of multi-span continuous cableways, the movement of the load causes dynamic changes in the tension of the supporting and traction cables, and dynamic factors such as traction cable length, saddle friction, and slippage effects are often ignored. This static and fragmented approximation method cannot accurately capture the maximum tension extreme point of the load throughout its entire travel, easily leading to distorted safety factor checks, leaving safety hazards, or causing redundancy in wire rope selection.

[0004] Traditional design outputs are mostly two-dimensional drawings and static data tables, which are difficult to directly translate into construction guidelines in three-dimensional space. For example, the placement of cableway gantry frames and ground anchors, as well as the construction safety boundaries for foundation pit excavation, usually require construction workers to manually lay out the layout on-site based on experience. This method not only has low positioning accuracy and is prone to spatial deviations, but also cannot automatically combine the route alignment to output the precise construction area range, resulting in severely insufficient guidance for on-site construction and site clearing.

[0005] Existing cableway design schemes lack the ability to perform 3D rendering and operational simulation in a real geographic coordinate system. Designers and construction personnel cannot intuitively preview the load operation process on the cableway and the dynamic deformation state of the cableway, which leads to difficulties in technical briefings and makes it difficult to detect and avoid complex spatial interference problems in advance.

[0006] In recent years, with the development of 3D GIS (Geographic Information System) technology and computer graphics, some researchers have attempted to apply 3D technology to the field of engineering design. However, in cableway design, problems still exist, including a lack of interactive 3D design methods based on real terrain, ineffective integration of mechanical calculations and 3D visualization, and a lack of automated analysis tools for construction scope. Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a cableway design and simulation method that enables intuitive interactive design in a 3D geographic information environment and possesses high-precision dynamic mechanical calculation and automatic construction scope generation capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the aforementioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0008] Therefore, the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for designing and simulating cableways for power transmission lines based on three-dimensional GIS.

[0009] A second aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device.

[0010] A third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium.

[0011] This invention provides a method for designing and simulating cableways for power transmission lines based on 3D GIS, comprising: Obtain the basic parameters of the cableway, including the parameters of the load-bearing cable, the traction cable, and the load parameters; The cableway path interaction design is carried out. The terrain data is loaded into the 3D GIS scene. In response to user operations, the loading point, unloading point and intermediate support point of the cableway are picked on the terrain data. The initial cableway path is generated and the 3D length of the cableway path is calculated. The unloaded working condition is calculated. Based on the catenary theory, the tension and sag of each segment of the cableway path are solved by iterative method. The cable tension, sag and total length of the carrying cable and traction cable under the unloaded working condition are calculated. The load condition calculation is performed. Based on the calculation results of the no-load condition, the number of analysis steps and step length are divided according to the total length of the traction cable. The force state of the load moving along the cableway path is simulated node by node. The load tension when the load moves to each position is calculated. The safety factor is verified based on the calculated maximum tension. The construction area is automatically generated, the coordinates of the intermediate support points are obtained, the cableway route direction vector and vertical direction vector are calculated based on the adjacent intermediate support points, the construction area boundary of the corresponding size is generated with each intermediate support point as the center, and it is converted into three-dimensional geographic coordinates. Three-dimensional loading and dynamic simulation are performed. The three-dimensional model of the gantry, the cableway line model and the boundary of the construction area corresponding to the cableway path are loaded and rendered in the three-dimensional GIS scene. Based on the calculation results of the load conditions, the operation process of the load on the cableway and the deformation state of the cableway are dynamically simulated.

[0012] The method for designing and simulating cableways for power transmission lines based on three-dimensional GIS according to the above-described technical solution of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features: In the above technical solution, calculating the three-dimensional length of the cableway path includes: Convert the latitude and longitude coordinates of the path nodes to plane coordinates, and query the terrain elevation of each node; The plane coordinate system coordinates and the terrain elevation are combined and converted into Cartesian coordinate system coordinates; Calculate and sum the Euclidean distances between adjacent nodes to obtain the total length of the cableway.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the step of using an iterative method to solve for the tension and sag of each segment of the cableway path includes: The catenary equations are solved using the Newton-Raphson iterative method, with an upper limit on the number of iterations set and the convergence condition being that the difference between two adjacent iterations is less than a preset threshold. The basic equation of the catenary is:

[0014] Where (x,y) represents the coordinates of any point on the cableway; H represents the hyperbolic cosine function; ql represents the horizontal tension; C represents the linear density of the load-bearing cable; and C represents the integration constant. The iterative formula for solving the catenary equation using Newton's iteration method is as follows:

[0015] in, This represents the horizontal tension in the (n+1)th iteration; This represents the horizontal tension in the nth iteration; Represents the residual function of the catenary equation; This represents the derivative of the residual function of the catenary equation.

[0016] In the above technical solution, based on the obtained horizontal tension, the cable tension and sag under no-load conditions are calculated. The calculation method is as follows: or

[0017] in, Indicates the cable tension under no-load conditions; To obtain the horizontal tension; The component of force is perpendicular;

[0018] in, Indicates verticality; L indicates horizontal span. The arc length of the bearing cable is calculated based on the sag of the bearing cable, which is the length of the bearing cable itself:

[0019] Where S represents the arc length of the load-bearing cable in the current span; the total length of the load-bearing cable is obtained by summing the arc lengths of all spans.

[0020] In the above technical solution, determining the number of analysis steps and step length based on the total length of the traction cable includes: Multiple length intervals and a preset number of analysis steps corresponding to each length interval are preset, wherein the larger the numerical range of the length interval, the more preset analysis steps are corresponding to it; Determine the target length range to which the total length of the traction cable belongs, and obtain the target analysis steps corresponding to the target length range; Divide the total length of the traction cable by the number of target analysis steps to calculate the single-step length.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the load tension is calculated using the following modified formula:

[0022] in, Indicates load tension; Indicates the cable tension under no-load conditions; M represents the coefficient of friction; M represents the load mass. Represents gravitational acceleration; Indicates the cableway inclination angle; Indicates the slip coefficient; Indicates the density of the bearing cable; Methods for verifying the safety factor include: Calculate the breaking force of the wire rope:

[0023] in, Indicates the breaking force of the wire rope; Represents pi; Indicates the diameter of the wire rope; Indicates tensile strength; Indicates the breaking force conversion factor; The safety factor is calculated based on the wire rope breaking force and the maximum load tension at all locations, including:

[0024] in, Indicates the maximum load tension; This represents the safety factor. When the calculated safety factor meets the set threshold requirement, it is determined that the safety requirement is met.

[0025] In the above technical solution, the step of calculating the cableway route direction vector and vertical direction vector based on adjacent intermediate support points, generating the construction area boundary of corresponding size, and converting it into three-dimensional geographic coordinates includes: Obtain the coordinates of the gantry points and their coordinates in the plane coordinate system; Calculate the line direction vector based on the positions of adjacent gantry frames; Calculate the vertical direction vector based on the line direction vector; Using the corresponding gantry as the center, calculate the coordinates of the rectangle's corner points based on the set length and width of the construction area, combined with the direction vector; Convert the corner coordinates in the plane coordinate system to WGS84 latitude and longitude coordinates.

[0026] In the above technical solution, loading and rendering the gantry 3D model, cableway line model, and construction area boundary corresponding to the cableway path in the 3D GIS scene includes: Load the corresponding gantry 3D model according to the cableway type, calculate the rotation angle of each gantry so that the gantry orientation is consistent with the cableway direction, generate a world transformation matrix and place the gantry 3D model in the corresponding spatial position; The bearing cable and traction cable are rendered using tubular lines, and the lines are aligned with the calculated elevation. The ground anchor model and the polygons corresponding to the boundary of the construction area are rendered, and the polygons are displayed semi-transparently.

[0027] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor and a memory; The memory is used to store computer programs; the processor is used to execute the computer programs to implement the method for designing and simulating power transmission line cableways based on three-dimensional GIS as described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0028] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored; When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the method for designing and simulating power transmission line cableways based on three-dimensional GIS as described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0029] In summary, due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical features, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention employs an interactive design method based on 3D GIS, enabling users to intuitively plan cableway routes within a 3D scene loaded with real terrain data. This approach breaks through the limitations of traditional 2D drawing design, eliminating the need for tedious on-site measurements and significantly reducing design time from several days to within hours, resulting in a substantial improvement in design efficiency. This solution demonstrates extremely high accuracy and safety in mechanical calculations. By applying catenary theory and Newton's iteration method to iteratively solve for each section of the cableway under both no-load and loaded conditions, the system automatically avoids the errors and oversimplification issues common in traditional manual calculations, greatly ensuring computational accuracy. Furthermore, by combining load dynamic simulation with friction and slip corrections and rigorous safety factor verification, this method can predict and expose potential safety hazards throughout the entire operation, thereby ensuring that the final design strictly meets all safety indicators.

[0030] Furthermore, this invention significantly enhances the guidance and visualization experience for actual construction. The innovative automatic generation method for the construction range based on the route direction vector provides precise three-dimensional spatial boundary data for on-site gantry erection and construction site planning, effectively reducing errors caused by manual on-site positioning and layout. Simultaneously, thanks to 3D model loading and dynamic animation simulation technology, the spatial layout of the entire cableway and the stress and deformation process during load operation are intuitively displayed. This highly visualized presentation not only provides excellent support for multi-scheme comparison and optimization but also significantly reduces the communication costs of subsequent technical briefings, substantially improving the intuitiveness and comprehensibility of the design scheme.

[0031] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the following description or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for designing and simulating cableways for power transmission lines based on 3D GIS, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cableway path interaction design provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram simulating the unloaded working condition of a cableway, provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram simulating the load conditions of a cableway according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the rendering effect of a three-dimensional model provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0034] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0035] The following reference Figures 1 to 5 This invention describes a method, device, and medium for designing and simulating cableways for power transmission lines based on three-dimensional GIS, according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0036] Some embodiments of this application provide a method for designing and simulating cableways for power transmission lines based on 3D GIS.

[0037] like Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of a 3D GIS-based method for designing and simulating power transmission line cableways, as provided in this invention. The method primarily relies on computer equipment with 3D graphics rendering and data processing capabilities. The overall design and simulation process forms a closed loop, sequentially encompassing parameter initialization (cableway parameter setting), cableway path interactive design, static mechanical modeling calculation (no-load condition calculation), dynamic load simulation verification (load condition calculation), construction scope generation, and finally, 3D model loading, rendering, and dynamic simulation. This method aims to address the technical problems of traditional 2D design's inability to intuitively display terrain, oversimplified stress calculations, and poor construction guidance.

[0038] In the initial stage of the design process, the system first needs to acquire the basic parameters of the cableway. Users input key basic data through the system's human-computer interface, specifically including the parameters of the load-bearing cable, the traction cable, and the load parameters. The load-bearing cable is primarily responsible for bearing the weight of the load, suspended in mid-air as a transport track; while the traction cable provides traction power for the load to move along the load-bearing cable. In some embodiments, the system receives the cableway name, cableway style, and relevant electrical regulations input by the user. Furthermore, the user needs to set the cableway type, such as a single load-bearing cableway, a double load-bearing cableway, or a double-cable multi-stage circulating cableway. For the load-bearing cable and the traction cable, the system acquires their wire rope diameter and tensile strength parameters, respectively. For the load parameters, the system acquires the load's mass, height, length, and width.

[0039] Combination Figure 2 As shown, after completing the basic parameter configuration, the system enters the cableway path interactive design phase. In this phase, the invention fully utilizes the spatial representation advantages of a three-dimensional geographic information system (GIS). The system loads real terrain data, including digital elevation models and orthophotos, into the three-dimensional GIS scene, providing designers with an immersive virtual site experience. Figure 2 The diagram illustrates part of the path and points, including support C4, unloading point C5, and transmission tower NL109. The cableway design information includes various parameters, such as basic information and coordinates of each point. Responding to user input, the system selects the loading, unloading, and intermediate support points on the terrain data, generating an initial cableway path and calculating its 3D length. During the interaction, the user activates the point selection tool, emitting rays onto the 3D terrain surface using a mouse or other pointing device. The system utilizes a ray intersection algorithm from computer graphics to capture the intersection points of the rays with the 3D terrain mesh in real time, recording the precise latitude, longitude, and elevation information of each intersection point. As the user sequentially selects the loading, intermediate support, and unloading points, the system dynamically draws the initial line segments of the cableway path in 3D space.

[0040] In one specific embodiment, to accurately obtain the actual spatial span of the path, the system performs rigorous coordinate system transformation and geometric calculations when calculating the three-dimensional length of the cableway path. First, the system converts the WGS84 latitude and longitude coordinates of the path nodes into planar coordinates and queries the terrain elevation data corresponding to each node. Next, the system combines the X and Y values ​​of the planar coordinates with the Z value of the elevation, uniformly transforming them into a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system. Finally, the system accurately calculates the Euclidean distance between two adjacent path nodes using a spatial distance formula, and sums the Euclidean distances of all line segments to obtain a highly valuable total cableway length. This interactive and computational mechanism completely breaks through the limitations of traditional methods that rely on two-dimensional drawings for estimation, effectively shortening design time.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, after the path spatial layout is established, the system proceeds to the calculation stage for the unloaded working condition. Unlike previous rough calculations using parabolic approximation formulas, this disclosure, based on catenary theory, employs an iterative method to solve for the tension and sag of each segment of the cableway (including the carrying cable and the traction cable) path, calculating the tension, sag, and total length of the carrying cable and the traction cable under unloaded conditions. It can be understood that the shape of a cableway naturally sags under its own gravity is mathematically defined as a catenary. In one embodiment, the system uses Newton's iteration method to solve the complex catenary equations. To balance computational accuracy and system efficiency, the system sets the upper limit of the number of iterations to 50 and sets the convergence condition to the difference between two adjacent iteration results being less than a preset threshold.

[0042] Specifically, this embodiment uses the calculation of a single load-bearing cable as an example for illustration. In the above iterative solution process, the basic equation of the catenary is:

[0043] Where (x,y) represents the coordinates of any point on the cableway, that is, x and y represent the horizontal x-coordinate and vertical y-coordinate of each point on the cableway in the two-dimensional analysis plane, respectively. ql represents the hyperbolic cosine function; H represents the horizontal tension; ql represents the linear density of the load-bearing cable; C represents the integration constant determined by the boundary conditions. The iterative formula for solving the catenary equation using Newton's iteration method is as follows:

[0044] in, This represents the updated value of the horizontal tension in the (n+1)th iteration; This represents the historical value of the horizontal tension in the nth iteration; This represents the residual function of the catenary equation, which is the error value obtained by substituting the current horizontal tension into the residual function of the catenary equation. This represents the derivative of the residual function of the catenary equation.

[0045] In one specific embodiment, after successfully solving for the horizontal tension of each cableway segment using the Newton iteration method, the system further derives the cable tension and sag under no-load conditions using precise mathematical formulas.

[0046] Specifically, based on the horizontal tension obtained from the solution, the cable tension and sag under no-load conditions are calculated. The calculation method is as follows: or

[0047] in, Indicates the cable tension under no-load conditions; To obtain the horizontal tension; The vertical component is the force. The calculation of the vertical component can be derived based on the horizontal tension, or it can be calculated based on the fact that the vertical component at a certain point is equal to the weight of the cable between that point and the lowest point of the catenary. This will not be elaborated further here.

[0048] Based on the relationship between horizontal tension and sag:

[0049] The method for calculating sag can be derived as follows:

[0050] in, Indicates verticality; L represents the horizontal span of the current segment; The arc length of the bearing cable is calculated based on the sag of the bearing cable, which is the length of the bearing cable itself:

[0051] Where S represents the arc length of the load-bearing cable in the current span; the total length of the load-bearing cable is obtained by summing the arc lengths of a single load-bearing cable in all spans. It should be noted that the number of spans is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0052] Furthermore, based on the relationship between the load-bearing cable and the traction cable, and according to the maximum length of the load-bearing cable plus the user-defined allowance, the total length of the traction cable can be obtained as follows:

[0053] in, Indicates the total length of the traction cable; Indicates the maximum length of the load-bearing cable; This is a margin set for the user. It can be understood that the maximum length of the load-bearing cable refers to the longest value among the calculated total lengths of several load-bearing cables. This is mainly applicable when the system is configured as a multi-cable mode such as dual-load-bearing cable or four-load-bearing cable, where the system calculates the total length of each load-bearing cable separately and extracts the maximum value as the maximum length of the load-bearing cable.

[0054] It should be noted that when the system is configured as a multi-cable mode such as dual-load-bearing cable or four-load-bearing cable, each load-bearing cable needs to be calculated separately. That is, each cable of the dual-load-bearing cable or four-load-bearing cable needs to be initialized and iteratively solved separately to calculate the horizontal tension, vertical component force and cable tension of each segment.

[0055] In addition, the same iterative method described above can be used to calculate the tension and sag of the traction cable. For circular cableways, the tension and sag of the return traction cable also need to be calculated. These will not be elaborated upon here.

[0056] like Figure 4 As shown, in order to accurately reflect the construction operation status and provide early warning of potential risks, the system further performs load condition calculations based on the no-load calculation. Based on the no-load calculation results, the system divides the analysis steps and step lengths according to the total length of the traction cable, simulates the force state of the load moving along the cableway path node by node, calculates the load tension when the load moves to each position, and verifies the safety factor based on the calculated maximum tension.

[0057] In some embodiments, to ensure a balance between resolution and operational efficiency in dynamic analysis, the system presets multiple length intervals and a preset number of analysis steps corresponding to each length interval. Specifically, the larger the numerical range of the length interval containing the total length of the traction cable, the more preset analysis steps the system allocates. For example, when the total length of the traction cable is less than 200 meters, the number of analysis steps is set to 100; when the length is between 200 and 500 meters, the number of analysis steps is set to 150; and when the length exceeds 500 meters, the number of analysis steps is set to 200. The system determines the target length interval to which the total length of the currently designed traction cable belongs, obtains the corresponding target number of analysis steps, and divides the total length by this number of steps to obtain the single-step length for simulation calculation.

[0058] After determining the single-step size for simulation, the system officially initiates the step-by-step cyclic calculation of the dynamic load. Specifically, the system controls the virtual load to move from the starting position Sbegin of the cableway path, incrementally towards the ending position Send, with the single-step size as the increment. For each discrete position reached by the load, the system first accurately locates the specific span based on the load's current overall mileage coordinates; then, the system extracts the relevant initial calculation values ​​of that specific span under no-load conditions, and again calls the Newton-Raphson iteration method to specifically solve for the real-time tension and sag of the load at that specific position. During this solution process, the system initially sets the upper limit of the number of Newton iterations to 50; if the system determines that it has not reached the convergence condition within 50 iterations, the system triggers a fault-tolerance mechanism, automatically and dynamically increasing the upper limit of the number of iterations to 200. In a specific embodiment, after completing a single solution, the system performs a data validity check to strictly ensure that all output tension values ​​are positive (i.e., conforming to the physical principle that flexible ropes can only be stretched and not compressed), and stores the qualified calculation results for that position in the system database. When analyzing the direct impact of load on the local stress of the load-bearing cable, the system can use the following formula to calculate the tension increment caused by the current load for each load location:

[0059] in, M represents the tension increment caused by the load; M represents the load mass. Represents gravitational acceleration; This represents the horizontal distance from the load location to the left support point of the current span in the current simulation step. This tension increment precisely quantifies the additional mechanical disturbance of the moving concentrated load on the catenary foundation morphology.

[0060] Furthermore, the load is not stationary on the cableway; its movement causes drastic changes in the tension at both ends of the supporting cable, and additional stresses due to equipment friction and cable slippage must be considered. In one specific embodiment, the system introduces a modified formula that better reflects engineering realities when calculating the load tension at each sub-position:

[0061] in, Indicates load tension; Indicates the cable tension under no-load conditions; represents the coefficient of friction, specifically the coefficient of friction between the saddle and the load-bearing cable, which is typically set to 0.3; M represents the load mass. Represents gravitational acceleration; Indicates the cableway inclination angle; Indicates the slip coefficient; This indicates the density of the supporting cable.

[0062] The slip coefficient can be determined with reference to the single-step size:

[0063] This refers to the single-step size determined in the aforementioned processing steps.

[0064] Through this full-stroke, high-density step-by-step calculation, the system can accurately capture the stress extremes of the cableway under the most severe operating conditions. Subsequently, the system obtains the maximum load tension at all simulated locations and calculates the safety factor based on the wire rope breaking force and the maximum load tension at all locations, including:

[0065] in, Indicates the breaking force of the wire rope; Indicates the maximum load tension; This represents the safety factor. When the calculated safety factor meets the set threshold requirement, it is determined that the safety requirement is met.

[0066] The breaking force of a wire rope can be calculated using the following formula:

[0067] in, Represents pi; Indicates the diameter of the wire rope; Indicates tensile strength; This indicates the breaking force conversion factor.

[0068] In one specific embodiment, when the system determines that the safety factor K ≥ 3.0, it determines that the current design scheme meets the construction safety requirements; otherwise, it will prompt the user to readjust the cableway parameters.

[0069] After completing purely theoretical calculations in virtual space, this invention introduces an automatic construction scope generation function to directly transform the design results into real-world construction productivity. The system acquires the coordinates of the intermediate support points, calculates the cableway route direction vector and vertical direction vector based on adjacent intermediate support points, generates construction area boundaries of corresponding dimensions centered on each intermediate support point, and converts them into three-dimensional geographic coordinates. In one specific embodiment, the system first reads the gantry coordinate points and their coordinates in a planar coordinate system from memory. Next, the system extracts the positions of the preceding and following adjacent gantry points and calculates the route direction vector of the current span using vector subtraction, expressed as:

[0070] Where D represents the line direction vector; Indicates the position of the gantry immediately following the current gantry; This indicates the position of the gantry adjacent to the current gantry.

[0071] Based on the direction vector of the line, the system uses orthogonal transformation to calculate the perpendicular direction vector, which is expressed as: N=(-Dy, Dx, 0) Where N represents the vertical direction vector of the line; Dx represents the X-axis component of the line direction vector D in the plane coordinate system; and Dy represents the Y-axis component of the line direction vector D in the plane coordinate system.

[0072] These two mutually orthogonal vectors establish a local construction reference system on the plane. Using the geometric center of the gantry as the origin, the system performs scaling along these two directional vectors based on the built-in or user-tuned length and width of the construction area, calculating the coordinates of the four corner points of a standard rectangle. Finally, the system converts these corner point coordinates in the four-plane coordinate system into WGS84 latitude and longitude coordinates using an inverse projection algorithm. This function provides extremely precise three-dimensional spatial boundaries for site leveling, tree felling, and anchor pit excavation, completely eliminating the huge errors caused by relying on experience and measuring tapes for positioning in traditional construction.

[0073] like Figure 5As shown, the final step in the process of this invention is 3D model loading and dynamic simulation. The system loads and renders the 3D model of the gantry, the cableway line model, and the construction area boundary corresponding to the cableway path in the 3D GIS scene. Based on the calculation results of the load conditions, it dynamically simulates the load's operation on the cableway and the cableway's deformation state. In some embodiments, the system has a built-in component model library. Based on the initially set cableway type, the system automatically loads the corresponding 3D gantry model, such as a single-cable gantry or a double-cable gantry. Using the route direction vector calculated in the previous steps, the system calculates the Euler rotation angle of each gantry, generating a world transformation matrix, thereby accurately placing the gantry 3D model to the corresponding geographic spatial location and ensuring its orientation is completely consistent with the cableway's direction. When rendering the cables, the system uses 3D tubular line technology. For visual differentiation, the load-bearing cables are uniformly rendered in green, while the traction cables are rendered in red, and the vertex heights of these 3D lines strictly adhere to the elevation and sag data calculated by mechanical formulas. Furthermore, the system renders the construction area boundary generated in the previous step as a semi-transparent polygon overlaying the real terrain surface. When the user clicks the play button, the system drives the load model smoothly along the cableway path in the 3D viewport at the set transport speed, and updates the dynamic deformation of the cableway lines caused by changes in force in real time. This panoramic, highly realistic visualization simulation provides an irreplaceable intuitive experience for engineering design reviews and on-site technical briefings.

[0074] In another embodiment, the present invention provides an electronic device intended to serve as the physical execution carrier of the above-described method flow. The electronic device includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer program instructions for implementing the aforementioned computational steps and rendering logic. By calling and executing these computer programs, the processor is able to fully implement all steps and functions of the 3D GIS-based transmission line cableway design and simulation method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0075] In another embodiment, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which the aforementioned computer program is persistently stored. When the storage medium is connected to a computing system, and the computer program stored therein is read and executed by the system's processor, the entire process of the transmission line cableway design and simulation method described above can be realized. Such storage media can broadly encompass various non-volatile memories, such as hard disks, solid-state drives, read-only optical discs, flash drives, etc.

[0076] In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the terms used do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0077] Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention shall be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for designing and simulating cableways for power transmission lines based on 3D GIS, characterized in that, include: Obtain the basic parameters of the cableway, including the parameters of the load-bearing cable, the traction cable, and the load parameters; The cableway path interaction design is carried out. The terrain data is loaded into the 3D GIS scene. In response to user operations, the loading point, unloading point and intermediate support point of the cableway are picked on the terrain data. The initial cableway path is generated and the 3D length of the cableway path is calculated. The unloaded working condition is calculated. Based on the catenary theory, the tension and sag of each segment of the cableway path are solved by iterative method. The cable tension, sag and total length of the carrying cable and traction cable under the unloaded working condition are calculated. The load condition calculation is performed. Based on the calculation results of the no-load condition, the number of analysis steps and step length are divided according to the total length of the traction cable. The force state of the load moving along the cableway path is simulated node by node. The load tension when the load moves to each position is calculated. The safety factor is verified based on the calculated maximum tension. The construction area is automatically generated, the coordinates of the intermediate support points are obtained, the cableway route direction vector and vertical direction vector are calculated based on the adjacent intermediate support points, the construction area boundary of the corresponding size is generated with each intermediate support point as the center, and it is converted into three-dimensional geographic coordinates. Three-dimensional loading and dynamic simulation are performed. The three-dimensional model of the gantry, the cableway line model and the boundary of the construction area corresponding to the cableway path are loaded and rendered in the three-dimensional GIS scene. Based on the calculation results of the load conditions, the operation process of the load on the cableway and the deformation state of the cableway are dynamically simulated.

2. The method for designing and simulating cableways for power transmission lines based on 3D GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the three-dimensional length of the cableway path includes: Convert the latitude and longitude coordinates of the path nodes to plane coordinates, and query the terrain elevation of each node; The plane coordinate system coordinates and the terrain elevation are combined and converted into Cartesian coordinate system coordinates; Calculate and sum the Euclidean distances between adjacent nodes to obtain the total length of the cableway.

3. The method for designing and simulating cableways for power transmission lines based on 3D GIS according to claim 2, characterized in that, The iterative method for solving the tension and sag of each segment of the cableway path includes: The catenary equations are solved using the Newton-Raphson iterative method, with an upper limit on the number of iterations set and the convergence condition being that the difference between two adjacent iterations is less than a preset threshold. The basic equation of the catenary is: Where (x,y) represents the coordinates of any point on the cableway; H represents the hyperbolic cosine function; ql represents the horizontal tension; C represents the linear density of the load-bearing cable; and C represents the integration constant. The iterative formula for solving the catenary equation using Newton's iteration method is as follows: in, This represents the horizontal tension in the (n+1)th iteration; This represents the horizontal tension in the nth iteration; Represents the residual function of the catenary equation; This represents the derivative of the residual function of the catenary equation.

4. The method for designing and simulating cableways for power transmission lines based on 3D GIS according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the horizontal tension obtained from the solution, the cable tension and sag under no-load conditions are calculated using the following method: or in, Indicates the cable tension under no-load conditions; To obtain the horizontal tension; The vertical component of the force; in, Indicates sag; L indicates horizontal span. The arc length of the bearing cable is calculated based on the sag of the bearing cable, which is the length of the bearing cable itself: Where S represents the arc length of the load-bearing cable in the current span; the total length of the load-bearing cable is obtained by summing the arc lengths of all spans.

5. The method for designing and simulating cableways for power transmission lines based on 3D GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the number of analysis steps and step length based on the total length of the traction cable includes: Multiple length intervals and a preset number of analysis steps corresponding to each length interval are preset, wherein the larger the numerical range of the length interval, the more preset analysis steps are corresponding to it; Determine the target length range to which the total length of the traction cable belongs, and obtain the target analysis steps corresponding to the target length range; Divide the total length of the traction cable by the number of target analysis steps to calculate the single-step length.

6. The method for designing and simulating cableways for power transmission lines based on 3D GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The load tension is calculated using the following modified formula: in, Indicates load tension; Indicates the cable tension under no-load conditions; M represents the coefficient of friction; M represents the load mass. Represents gravitational acceleration; Indicates the cableway inclination angle; Indicates the slip coefficient; Indicates the density of the supporting cable; Methods for verifying the safety factor include: Calculate the breaking force of the wire rope: in, Indicates the breaking force of the wire rope; Represents pi; Indicates the diameter of the wire rope; Indicates tensile strength; Indicates the breaking force conversion factor; The safety factor is calculated based on the wire rope breaking force and the maximum load tension at all locations, including: in, Indicates the maximum load tension; This represents the safety factor. When the calculated safety factor meets the set threshold requirement, it is determined that the safety requirement is met.

7. The method for designing and simulating cableways for power transmission lines based on 3D GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of calculating the cableway route direction vector and vertical direction vector based on adjacent intermediate support points, generating the construction area boundary of corresponding size, and converting it into three-dimensional geographic coordinates includes: Obtain the coordinates of the gantry points and their coordinates in the plane coordinate system; Calculate the line direction vector based on the positions of adjacent gantry frames; Calculate the vertical direction vector based on the line direction vector; Using the corresponding gantry as the center, calculate the coordinates of the rectangle's corner points based on the set length and width of the construction area, combined with the direction vector; Convert the corner coordinates in the plane coordinate system to WGS84 latitude and longitude coordinates.

8. The method for designing and simulating cableways for power transmission lines based on 3D GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of loading and rendering the gantry 3D model, cableway line model, and construction area boundary corresponding to the cableway path in the 3D GIS scene includes: Load the corresponding gantry 3D model according to the cableway type, calculate the rotation angle of each gantry so that the gantry orientation is consistent with the cableway direction, generate a world transformation matrix and place the gantry 3D model in the corresponding spatial position; The supporting cable and traction cable are rendered using tubular lines, and the lines are aligned with the calculated elevation; the ground anchor model and the polygons corresponding to the boundary of the construction area are rendered, wherein the polygons are displayed semi-transparently.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Processor and memory; The memory is used to store computer programs; The processor is used to execute the computer program to implement the method for designing and simulating cableways for power transmission lines based on three-dimensional GIS as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program; When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the method for designing and simulating power transmission line cableways based on three-dimensional GIS as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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