Automatic arrangement and closing method and system for self-adapting inner lining refractory bricks

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of metallurgical industry automation technology, and discloses a kind of self-adapting lining refractory brick automatic arrangement, closing method and system, the method generates the inner wall contour model corresponding to each layer with actual scanning data as input, sequentially through intelligent main ring laying, closing solution and lock brick matching stage, complete refractory brick self-adapting arrangement and closing;System is composed of data input, algorithm calculation and visual interactive module;Among them, main ring laying uses greedy algorithm to select brick type in combination with centripetal degree evaluation, and calculates sliding distance to ensure close fitting;Closing solution relies on multi-condition constraint V-shaped verification and backtracking mechanism to dynamically find effective closing scheme;Lock brick matching matches lock brick size according to verification result, calculates and verifies the final fitting gap, the present application realizes automatic layering and self-adapting brick laying based on ladle inner wall actual scanning size, supports custom brick type parameter, without manual repeated trial and error adjustment, can effectively improve the masonry efficiency and quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metallurgical industrial automation technology, specifically involving an automated method for laying and arranging refractory bricks inside furnace equipment such as steel ladles, rotary kilns, and flue gas furnaces. It is particularly suitable for the precise laying of refractory bricks on the inner wall of furnaces that undergo thermal deformation under high-temperature conditions. Background Technology

[0002] The steel ladle is a core piece of equipment for transferring molten metal in metallurgical production, and the quality of its refractory lining directly determines the ladle's service life and production safety. Currently, the refractory bricklaying of steel ladles mainly relies on manual operation, which has the following technical drawbacks:

[0003] Low precision of manual operation: Traditional processes rely on manual layout to calibrate the position of bricks, and use rubber mallets to tap and adjust the gaps between bricks. The alignment of refractory bricks depends entirely on the worker's visual judgment, resulting in poor stability of masonry quality and the inability to form a standardized operation process.

[0004] Poor adaptability to deformable furnace bodies: During repeated use at high temperatures, steel ladles undergo thermal deformation, transforming their inner walls from an ideal circular shape into an irregular shape with random protrusions and depressions. Existing automatic bricklaying algorithms are all based on the assumption of an "ideal circular inner wall." When dealing with deformable furnace bodies, problems such as excessively large or small gaps easily occur in the later stages of bricklaying, making it impossible to achieve precise finishing.

[0005] The finishing stage relies on experience: matching and inserting the last few locking bricks is a critical step in the masonry process. Current technology requires workers to rely on their experience to adjust the brick combination and fill gaps, which not only prolongs the construction period but also causes uneven stress on the bricks due to improper adjustment, making them prone to falling off during use and causing safety hazards.

[0006] Existing automated bricklaying technologies have significant limitations. They lack dynamic fitting algorithms specifically designed for deformable furnace bodies, making it impossible to adaptively lay bricks based on actual inner wall dimensions. Furthermore, the finishing stage lacks standardized calculation and verification mechanisms, relying excessively on manual experience, which hinders improvements in both efficiency and quality. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a refractory brick layout method that can automatically complete the main ring laying and precise finishing based on actual scanned inner wall data. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the technical problems of existing technologies, such as incompatibility with deformable furnace bodies, high reliance on manual labor, and low finishing accuracy, this invention provides an automatic refractory brick arrangement and intelligent finishing method and system adapted to the inner lining of deformable steel ladles. Through four core stages—preparation and initialization, intelligent main ring laying cycle, finishing solution cycle, and brick matching—and combining a greedy optimization algorithm, a physical fit model, a V-shaped verification mechanism, and a backtracking solution strategy, it achieves automatic layering and adaptive brick laying based on the actual dimensions of the scanned inner wall of the steel ladle. It supports user-defined brick type parameters and relies on the V-shaped verification and backtracking mechanism to complete precise finishing and filling, eliminating the need for repeated manual trial and error adjustments, thus improving masonry efficiency and quality.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is: an adaptive method for automatic arrangement and closing of refractory brick linings, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1, Preparation and Initialization Phase: Based on the actual scan data input, generate the inner wall contour model corresponding to each layer and build a custom brick type database;

[0010] The specific steps of step one are as follows:

[0011] Step S11, Input of actual inner wall dimensions and automatic layering: Input the three-dimensional dimension data of the inner wall of the steel ladle obtained by scanning. The system automatically divides the number of brick layers N according to the dimension change in the height direction of the inner wall. The diameter of the brick laying circle of each layer is taken as the actual measured diameter D of the bottom of the inner wall of the corresponding layer. At the same time, the refractory brick material type M set by the user is read.

[0012] Step S12: Custom Brick Type Database Construction: This step allows users to actively input brick type parameters to create a refractory brick parameter database. Brick types are categorized by wedge angle, rather than by quantity laid. The system includes built-in templates for typical brick type parameters, covering different layers of magnesia bricks and alkaline synthetic bricks, both bottom and top. Users can add or modify brick type parameters according to their actual needs.

[0013] Step 2, Intelligent Main Ring Laying Stage: Set the stopping conditions, use the greedy optimization algorithm to select brick types, calculate the centripetal degree for different brick types, select the brick type with the smallest centripetal degree, determine the brick type and placement method corresponding to the brick type, and achieve the fit between the brick and the laid bricks and the inner wall by calculating the brick sliding distance.

[0014] The specific steps of step two are as follows:

[0015] Step S21, Stop Condition Setting: User-defined threshold for the number of main bricks corresponding to the closing edge. The system is based on the diameter of the current layer of bricks. With the length of the main brick and the length of the base Calculate the central angle corresponding to a single main brick. It satisfies the formula:

[0016]

[0017] In the formula, , is the radius of the paving circle for the current layer, in mm;

[0018] Then calculate the stop threshold angle. It satisfies the formula:

[0019]

[0020] Real-time calculation of the included angle of the remaining gap after tiling ,when When the main loop laying cycle stops, the loop for solving the closing loop begins.

[0021] Step S22, Greedy Optimization Algorithm Selection: During each brick-laying step, enumerate the main brick, adjust the brick's orientation (upright / inverted), and select the appropriate orientation based on centripetal force. To select the optimal brick type for the evaluation criteria, the centripetal force calculation formula is as follows:

[0022]

[0023] in, The vector of the central axis of the brick body points from the center of the top of the brick body to the center of the bottom of the brick body; Let be the radial vector pointing from the bottom center of the brick to the center of the steel ladle. Centripetal force, measured in rad; the smaller the value, the higher the bonding precision of the bricks.

[0024] Algorithm execution steps: Calculate the centripetal degree for each of the four brick-shaped states. Select the brick type with the lowest centripetal force, i.e. Determine the brick type and placement method (upright / inverted) corresponding to this state;

[0025] Step S23, Physical Adhesion Calculation: Ensure that the currently laid bricks are tightly adhered to the existing brickwork and the inner wall. Specific rules:

[0026] The side of the current brick is tightly fitted to the side of the previous brick, with a gap between the two bricks. mm; the current brick sliding distance is calculated using an algorithm. The sliding distance satisfies the formula:

[0027]

[0028] in, For the inner wall model at the polar angle The actual radius at that location. The initial radial distance from the midpoint of the bottom edge of the brick closest to the inner wall, in mm;

[0029] Controlling the sliding distance of the brick along the contact surface Continue until the bricks come into contact with the inner wall.

[0030] Step 3, Closing Solution Stage: Adaptive matching adjusts the combination scheme of bricks and patch bricks, performs virtual brick laying and collision detection, and performs V-shaped verification on the scheme that passes the detection. The V-shaped verification must simultaneously meet the conditions that the gap is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, the difference between the upper and lower widths of the gap is within the preset range, and the bottom width of the gap matches the width of the small end of the locking brick. If no scheme meets the conditions, the backtracking mechanism is triggered, and the bricks at the end of the main ring are adjusted and the solution is re-solved.

[0031] The specific steps of step three are as follows:

[0032] Step S31, Brick Combination Search: Unrestricted enumeration of the number of bricks used, n (n≥1), and the number of patch bricks inserted, k (k≥0), generates different brick combination schemes. Each scheme corresponds to a sequence of bricks for filling the gap. ;

[0033] Step S32, Virtual Laying and Collision Detection: Perform virtual laying for each combination scheme and detect whether it overlaps with the first tile. The overlap determination condition is the formula:

[0034]

[0035] in, The area of ​​the current composite brickwork, in units. ; The area of ​​the first paved tile, in units ;like If the combination is deemed to be overlapping, it will be eliminated.

[0036] Step S33, V-shaped gap verification: For the combined scheme that passed the collision detection, measure the top width of the remaining gap. With bottom width Three conditions must be met simultaneously:

[0037] V-shaped structure conditions: That is, the gap is V-shaped, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom;

[0038] Width difference condition: ;

[0039] Tile matching conditions: mm, where, To lock the width of the smaller end of the brick;

[0040] Step S34, Backtracking Solution Mechanism: If there is no combination solution that satisfies the V-shape condition for the current gap, the backtracking mechanism is triggered, and the following steps are executed: Cancel the last brick laid in the main loop laying cycle, and update the remaining gap angle. Add an adjustment brick to the left of the first brick and recalculate the gap size; return to step S31 to perform exhaustive combination and verification again until a solution that meets the conditions is found.

[0041] Step 4, Tile Matching Stage: Match the tile model, calculate the tile insertion trajectory, verify the completed tiling, and check the fit gap between the tile and the surrounding tiles. If all fit gaps meet the requirements, the single-ring tiling is considered complete; otherwise, return to Step 3 to adjust the finishing combination scheme.

[0042] The specific steps of step four are as follows:

[0043] Step S41, Tile Model Matching: Bottom width determined by V-shaped verification The system matches the optimal lock tile model from the custom tile type database, with the matching priority being: main tile > adjustment tile.

[0044] Step S42, Calculation of the brick insertion trajectory: Calculate the sliding insertion trajectory of the brick, and control the brick along the sliding direction vector. Slide, slide direction vector Satisfying the formula:

[0045]

[0046] in, The coordinates of the top right corner of the first brick. The coordinates are the bottom right corner of the first brick.

[0047] Real-time calculation of sliding distance Continue until the right side of the locking brick and the left side of the filling brick are in close contact;

[0048] Step S43, Tile Laying Completion Verification: Check the fit gap between the locking tile and the surrounding tiles. If all gaps are clear... If the diameter is mm, then the single-ring paving is considered complete; otherwise, return to step S3 to adjust the finishing combination scheme.

[0049] An adaptive refractory brick automatic layout and finishing system includes a data input module, an algorithm calculation module, and a visualization interaction module. The data input module is used to receive scanning data of the inner wall of the ladle and custom brick type parameters. The algorithm calculation module is used to execute automatic layering, main ring laying, finishing solution, and brick locking matching algorithms. The visualization interaction module is used to display the laying effect of different layers of refractory bricks.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the specific beneficial effects of this invention are reflected in:

[0051] I. High fault tolerance: This invention breaks through the ideal circular assumption, generates a model based on the actual inner wall size of the scan and automatically layers it, adapts to the real working conditions after the hot deformation of the ladle, and solves the problem that existing algorithms cannot close the circle.

[0052] II. Flexible and customizable brick type: This invention supports users to actively input brick type parameters, covering multiple series and specifications of magnesia bricks and alkaline synthetic bricks, to adapt to the masonry needs of different furnace bodies.

[0053] 3. Zero manual intervention in the finishing: This invention relies on the V-shaped verification and backtracking mechanism to complete the precise filling without repeated manual trial and adjustment, thus avoiding the problem of uneven stress on the bricks caused by manual adjustment.

[0054] IV. Standardized Operation: This invention eliminates the differences in human experience, realizes the automation and standardization of refractory brick laying, and improves the stability of masonry quality.

[0055] V. Strong engineering applicability: The algorithm of this invention can be directly integrated into industrial-grade brick-laying equipment and is applicable to various furnace bodies such as steel ladles and rotary kilns. Attached Figure Description

[0056] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the overall technical process of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 2 A logic diagram for laying out the loop algorithm for the intelligent main loop.

[0058] Figure 3 The logic diagram for the loop algorithm to solve the loop is shown.

[0059] Figure 4 A visual interactive interface diagram of a fully automated brick-laying system for steel ladles.

[0060] Figure 5 The images show the paving effects under four typical working conditions. Detailed Implementation

[0061] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0062] An adaptive method for automatic arrangement and sealing of refractory brick linings includes the following steps:

[0063] Step 1, Preparation and Initialization Phase: Based on the actual scan data input, generate the inner wall contour model corresponding to each layer and build a custom brick type database;

[0064] Step 2, Intelligent Main Ring Laying Stage: Set stop conditions, use a greedy optimization algorithm to select brick types, calculate the centripetal degree for each brick type state, select the brick type state with the smallest centripetal degree, determine the brick type and placement method corresponding to the brick type state, and achieve the fit between the brick and the laid bricks and the inner wall by calculating the brick sliding distance.

[0065] Step 3, Closing Solution Stage: Adaptive matching adjusts the combination scheme of bricks and patch bricks, performs virtual brick laying and collision detection, and performs V-shaped verification on the scheme that passes the detection. The V-shaped verification must simultaneously meet the conditions that the gap is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, the difference between the upper and lower widths of the gap is within the preset range, and the bottom width of the gap matches the width of the small end of the locking brick. If no scheme meets the conditions, the backtracking mechanism is triggered, and the bricks at the end of the main ring are adjusted and the solution is re-solved.

[0066] Step 4, Tile Matching Stage: Match the tile model, calculate the tile insertion trajectory, verify the completed tiling, and check the fit gap between the tile and the surrounding tiles. If all fit gaps meet the requirements, the single-ring tiling is considered complete; otherwise, return to Step 3 to adjust the finishing combination scheme.

[0067] The specific steps of step one are as follows:

[0068] Step S11, Input of actual inner wall dimensions and automatic layering: Input the three-dimensional dimension data of the inner wall of the steel ladle obtained by scanning. The system automatically divides the number of brick layers N according to the dimension change in the height direction of the inner wall. The diameter of the brick-laying circle of each layer is taken as the actual measured diameter D of the bottom of the inner wall of the corresponding layer, and the refractory brick material type M set by the user is read.

[0069] Step S12: Custom Brick Type Database Construction: This step allows users to actively input brick type parameters to build a refractory brick parameter database. Brick types are categorized by wedge angle, rather than by quantity laid. The system includes built-in templates for typical brick type parameters, covering different layers of magnesia bricks and alkaline synthetic bricks, including bottom and top layers. Specific parameters are shown in Table 1. Users can add or modify brick type parameters according to their actual needs.

[0070] Table 1. Database of Typical Refractory Brick Types

[0071]

[0072] The specific steps of step two are as follows:

[0073] Step S21, Stop Condition Setting: User-defined threshold for the number of main bricks corresponding to the closing edge. The system is based on the diameter of the current layer of bricks. With the length of the main brick and the length of the base Calculate the central angle corresponding to a single main brick. It satisfies the formula:

[0074]

[0075] In the formula, , is the radius of the paving circle for the current layer, in mm;

[0076] Then calculate the stop threshold angle. It satisfies the formula:

[0077]

[0078] Real-time calculation of the included angle of the remaining gap after tiling ,when When the main loop laying cycle stops, the loop for solving the closing loop begins.

[0079] Step S22, Greedy Optimization Algorithm Selection: During each brick-laying step, enumerate the four states of the main brick and adjust the brick's orientation (upright / inverted) to determine the centripetal force. To select the optimal brick type for the evaluation criteria, the centripetal force calculation formula is as follows:

[0080]

[0081] in, The vector of the central axis of the brick body points from the center of the top of the brick body to the center of the bottom of the brick body; Let be the radial vector pointing from the bottom center of the brick to the center of the steel ladle. Centripetal force, measured in rad; the smaller the value, the higher the bonding precision of the bricks.

[0082] Algorithm execution steps: Calculate the centripetal degree for each of the four brick-shaped states. Select the brick type with the lowest centripetal force, i.e. Determine the brick type and placement method (upright / inverted) corresponding to this state;

[0083] Step S23, Physical Adhesion Calculation: Ensure that the currently laid bricks are tightly adhered to the existing brickwork and the inner wall. Specific rules:

[0084] The side of the current brick is tightly fitted to the side of the previous brick, with a gap between the two bricks. mm; the current brick sliding distance is calculated using an algorithm. The sliding distance satisfies the formula:

[0085]

[0086] in, For the inner wall model at the polar angle The actual radius at that location. The initial radial distance from the midpoint of the bottom edge of the brick closest to the inner wall, in mm;

[0087] Controlling the sliding distance of the brick along the contact surface Continue until the bricks come into contact with the inner wall.

[0088] Step 3, Closing Solution Stage: Adaptive matching adjusts the combination scheme of bricks and patch bricks, performs virtual brick laying and collision detection, and performs V-shaped verification on the scheme that passes the detection. The V-shaped verification must simultaneously meet the conditions that the gap is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, the difference between the upper and lower widths of the gap is within the preset range, and the bottom width of the gap matches the width of the small end of the locking brick. If no scheme meets the conditions, the backtracking mechanism is triggered, and the bricks at the end of the main ring are adjusted and the solution is re-solved.

[0089] The specific steps of step three are as follows:

[0090] Step S31, Brick Combination Search: Unrestricted enumeration of the number of bricks used, n (n≥1), and the number of patch bricks inserted, k (k≥0), generates different brick combination schemes. Each scheme corresponds to a sequence of bricks for filling the gap. ;

[0091] Step S32, Virtual Laying and Collision Detection: Perform virtual laying for each combination scheme and detect whether it overlaps with the first tile. The overlap determination condition is the formula:

[0092]

[0093] in, The area of ​​the current composite brickwork, in units. ; The area of ​​the first paved tile, in units ;like If the combination is deemed to be overlapping, it will be eliminated.

[0094] Step S33, V-shaped gap verification: For the combined scheme that passed the collision detection, measure the top width of the remaining gap. With bottom width Three conditions must be met simultaneously:

[0095] V-shaped structure conditions: That is, the gap is V-shaped, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom;

[0096] Width difference condition: ;

[0097] Tile matching conditions: mm, where, To lock the width of the smaller end of the brick;

[0098] Step S34, Backtracking Solution Mechanism: If there is no combination solution that satisfies the V-shape condition for the current gap, the backtracking mechanism is triggered, and the following steps are executed: Cancel the last brick laid in the main loop laying cycle, and update the remaining gap angle. Add an adjustment brick to the left of the first brick and recalculate the gap size; return to step S31 to perform exhaustive combination and verification again until a solution that meets the conditions is found.

[0099] Step 4, Tile Matching Stage: Match the tile model, calculate the tile insertion trajectory, verify the completed tiling, and check the fit gap between the tile and the surrounding tiles. If all fit gaps meet the requirements, the single-ring tiling is considered complete; otherwise, return to Step 3 to adjust the finishing combination scheme.

[0100] The specific steps of step four are as follows:

[0101] Step S41, Tile Model Matching: Bottom width determined by V-shaped verification The system matches the optimal lock tile model from the custom tile type database, with the matching priority being: main tile > adjustment tile.

[0102] Step S42, Calculation of the brick insertion trajectory: Calculate the sliding insertion trajectory of the brick, and control the brick along the sliding direction vector. Slide, slide direction vector Satisfying the formula:

[0103]

[0104] in, The coordinates of the top right corner of the first brick. The coordinates are the bottom right corner of the first brick.

[0105] Real-time calculation of sliding distance Continue until the right side of the locking brick and the left side of the filling brick are in close contact;

[0106] Step S43, Tile Laying Completion Verification: Check the fit gap between the locking tile and the surrounding tiles. If all gaps are clear... If the diameter is mm, then the single-ring paving is considered complete; otherwise, return to step S3 to adjust the finishing combination scheme.

[0107] An adaptive refractory brick automatic layout and finishing system includes a data input module, an algorithm calculation module, and a visualization interaction module. The data input module is used to receive scanning data of the inner wall of the ladle and custom brick type parameters. The algorithm calculation module is used to execute automatic layering, main ring laying, finishing solution, and brick locking matching algorithms. The visualization interaction module is used to display the laying effect of different layers of refractory bricks.

[0108] like Figure 1-3 As shown, this embodiment uses a fully automated steel ladle paving simulation system to conduct simulation experiments, and the specific parameter settings are as follows:

[0109] Simulation object: 3D scanning model of the inner lining of a 200t steel ladle, the inner wall containing deformation features of random protrusions and depressions;

[0110] Refractory brick parameters: The parameters of typical brick types shown in Table 1 are used. Users can customize and add new brick types according to their needs.

[0111] Simulation platform: Fully automated steel ladle paving simulation system, including data input module, algorithm calculation module, and visualization interaction module.

[0112] This embodiment takes the 7th layer of brickwork in a 200t steel ladle as an example to illustrate the implementation process of the present invention in detail. The specific steps are as follows:

[0113] System initialization: Input 3D scan data of the inner wall of a 200t steel ladle. The system automatically divides the data into 21 layers. Taking the 7th layer as an example, its actual bottom diameter... mm; Load the upper 15 layers of the magnesia brick series brick pattern database to generate the 7th layer irregular inner wall model; User-defined stop threshold for the number of main bricks. .

[0114] Intelligent main ring laying: Calculate the central angle corresponding to the main brick M-19. Stop threshold angle ;

[0115] The greedy optimization algorithm is activated, enumerating four brick pattern states. In each step, the state with the minimum centripetal force is selected to lay the brick until the remaining gap angle is reached. When this happens, the main ring laying cycle is stopped.

[0116] Solution for closing the gap: exhaustively search for ways to adjust the number of bricks. Number of patch tiles The combined scheme, after virtual laying, has no overlap; the measured top width of the gap... mm, bottom width mm, the difference is 17 mm, which meets the V-shaped verification condition; the matching lock brick model is M-19, and its small end width is 65 mm, which is consistent with... The difference is 3 mm, which meets the matching requirements.

[0117] Block insertion: Calculate the sliding direction vector Control the sliding distance of the locking brick mm; Detection of bonding gap mm, meeting the requirements, completing the single-ring paving simulation.

[0118] Simulation results show that the method of the present invention achieves a 100% success rate in solving the closing scheme for the preset 200t deformable steel ladle lining model and matching brick parameters. After the bricks are laid, the gap between all bricks and the inner wall is controlled within 0.8mm. The bricks are neatly arranged, uniformly stressed, and without any offset or overlap. The paving effect is good and fully meets the masonry accuracy requirements of industrial sites.

[0119] Visual evidence of simulation results, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the paving effect diagram includes four different layers and different brick types, which intuitively demonstrates the adaptability and paving quality of this method under different working conditions.

[0120] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for automatic arrangement and sealing of adaptive refractory brick linings, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, Preparation and Initialization Phase: Based on the actual scan data input, generate the inner wall contour model corresponding to each layer and build a custom brick type database; Step 2, Intelligent Main Ring Laying Stage: Set the stopping conditions, use the greedy optimization algorithm to select brick types, calculate the centripetal degree for different brick types, select the brick type with the smallest centripetal degree, determine the brick type and placement method corresponding to the brick type, and achieve the fit between the brick and the laid bricks and the inner wall by calculating the brick sliding distance. Step 3, Closing Solution Stage: Adaptive matching adjusts the combination scheme of bricks and patch bricks, performs virtual brick laying and collision detection, and performs V-shaped verification on the scheme that passes the detection. The V-shaped verification must simultaneously meet the conditions that the gap is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, the difference between the upper and lower widths of the gap is within the preset range, and the bottom width of the gap matches the width of the small end of the locking brick. If no scheme meets the conditions, the backtracking mechanism is triggered, and the bricks at the end of the main ring are adjusted and the solution is re-solved. Step 4, Tile Matching Stage: Match the tile model, calculate the tile insertion trajectory, verify the completed tiling, and check the fit gap between the tile and the surrounding tiles. If all fit gaps meet the requirements, the single-ring tiling is considered complete; otherwise, return to Step 3 to adjust the finishing combination scheme.

2. The method for automatic arrangement and closing of adaptive refractory brick lining as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of step one are as follows: Step S11: Input the three-dimensional dimension data of the inner wall of the steel ladle obtained by scanning. The system automatically divides the number of brick layers according to the dimensional changes in the height direction of the inner wall. The diameter of each brick layer circle is taken as the actual measured diameter of the bottom of the inner wall of the corresponding layer. At the same time, the refractory brick material type set by the user is read. Step S12: Support users to actively input brick type parameters, establish a refractory brick parameter database, classify brick types according to wedge angle, and users can add or modify brick type parameters according to actual needs.

3. The method for automatic arrangement and closing of adaptive refractory brick lining according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific steps for step two are as follows: Step S21: The system calculates the central angle of a single main tile based on the diameter of the current layer's tile circle and the length of the main tile's base, and then calculates the stop threshold angle. Real-time calculation of the included angle of the remaining gap after tiling ,when When the main loop laying cycle stops, the loop for solving the closing loop begins. Step S22: When laying bricks, enumerate the main bricks and adjust the bricks to the four states of upright / inverted. Calculate the centripetal force for each of the four brick states, select the brick state with the smallest centripetal force, and determine the brick type and placement method corresponding to this state. Step S23: Ensure that the currently laid brick is in contact with the existing brick and the inner wall of the furnace, and that the side of the current brick is in contact with the side of the previous brick. Calculate the sliding distance of the current brick through the detection algorithm, and control the sliding distance of the brick along the contact surface until the brick contacts the inner wall.

4. The method for automatic arrangement and closing of adaptive refractory brick lining as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The specific steps for step three are as follows: Step S31, Brick type combination search: Unrestricted enumeration of the number of bricks used (n) and the number of patch bricks inserted (k) to generate different brick type combination schemes; Step S32, Virtual Laying and Collision Detection: Perform virtual laying for each combination scheme and detect whether it overlaps with the first brick. If it is determined to overlap, the combination scheme is eliminated. Step S33: For the combined scheme that passes collision detection, measure the top width of the remaining gap. With bottom width Three conditions must be met simultaneously: V-shaped structure conditions: That is, the gap is V-shaped, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom; Width difference condition: ; Tile matching conditions: mm, where, To lock the width of the smaller end of the brick; Step S34, Backtracking Solution Mechanism: If there is no combination solution that satisfies the V-shape condition for the current gap, the backtracking mechanism is triggered, the last brick laid in the main loop is canceled, and the remaining gap angle is updated. Add an adjustment brick to the left of the first brick and recalculate the gap size; return to step S31 to perform exhaustive combination and verification again until a solution that meets the conditions is found.

5. The method for automatic arrangement and closing of adaptive refractory brick lining according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific steps for step four are as follows: Step S41: Based on the bottom width determined by the V-shaped verification, match the optimal locking tile model from the custom tile database. The matching priority is: main tile > adjustment tile. Step S42: Calculate the sliding insertion trajectory of the locking brick and control the locking brick along the sliding direction vector. Slide, calculate the sliding distance in real time, until the right side of the locking brick contacts the left side of the filling brick; Step S43, Tile Laying Completion Verification: Check the fit gap between the locking tile and the surrounding tiles. If all gaps are clear... If the diameter is mm, then the single-ring paving is considered complete; otherwise, return to step S3 to adjust the finishing combination scheme.

6. An adaptive refractory brick lining automatic arrangement and sealing system for implementing the method of any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It includes a data input module, an algorithm calculation module, and a visualization interaction module. The data input module is used to receive scanning data of the inner wall of the ladle and custom brick type parameters. The algorithm calculation module is used to execute automatic layering, main ring laying, end-closing solution, and brick locking matching algorithms. The visualization interaction module is used to display the paving effect of different layers of refractory bricks.

Images