An insulating umbrella skirt assembly adapted to multi-orientation connection and a mutual inductor with the same

Abstract

This application relates to the field of voltage transformer manufacturing technology, specifically disclosing an insulating shed assembly adaptable to multi-directional wiring. It includes an insulating bushing with a shed structure. The shed structure includes a shed body, an inducing ridge, and an ice-breaking finger on the shed body. The inducing ridge guides the ice layer to create weak points during ice growth; the ice-breaking finger inhibits the formation of ice bridges between adjacent shed bodies. One end of the insulating bushing has a wiring structure including a connector, a locking bolt, a first wiring frame, and a second wiring frame. The first and second wiring frames are interlocked. The locking bolt is threaded to the connector and can move the second wiring frame on the connector, thereby forming multiple electrical connection interfaces arranged in different spatial directions on the connector. This application effectively meets diverse wiring requirements and significantly improves the reliability and safety of power equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of voltage transformer manufacturing technology, and in particular to an insulating skirt assembly adapted to multi-directional wiring and a transformer with the same structure. Background Technology

[0002] Insulating skirts, as an important component of power equipment such as insulators, transformers, and instrument transformers, are widely used in the insulation protection of high-voltage transmission lines and power equipment. Their main function is to extend surface creepage distances and increase surface leakage paths, enabling the equipment to maintain reliable electrical insulation performance even in rain, snow, frost, and polluted environments. When used with instrument transformers, insulating skirts not only perform insulation functions but also need to meet diverse wiring requirements to reliably connect with different types of terminals or cable interfaces, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the instrument transformer in complex power grid environments.

[0003] Insulating skirts typically employ a fixed or modular design, with wiring structures mostly consisting of fixed threaded or plug-in ports, suitable for standardized instrument transformer wiring requirements. In cold regions, existing insulating skirts usually rely on antifreeze coatings on the material surface or by increasing the skirt spacing to reduce ice bridge formation. Existing technologies primarily reduce the probability of icing by selecting appropriate skirt materials, coating surfaces with hydrophobic materials, or designing tilt angles, or by installing heating devices between the insulator rod and the skirts to melt ice and snow. Additionally, there have been attempts to reduce ice bridge formation by increasing skirt spacing and optimizing skirt shape.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, insulating sheds have significant limitations in multi-directional wiring and extreme weather conditions. First, the single-interface design results in insufficient adaptability, failing to meet the wiring requirements of different transformers or equipment. Second, in cold regions, existing anti-freezing measures have limited control over ice bridge formation; during the de-icing process, the mixture of ice and water can easily form a continuous conductive path, triggering flashover accidents and directly affecting the safe and stable operation of transmission lines. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an insulating skirt assembly adaptable to multi-directional wiring and a current transformer with the structure. The insulating skirt assembly can not only take into account the adaptability of multi-directional wiring, but also prevent ice and flashover accidents, which significantly improves the reliability and safety of power equipment.

[0006] Firstly, this application provides an insulating shed assembly adapted to multi-directional wiring, employing the following technical solution: An insulating shed assembly adapted for multi-directional wiring includes: An insulating sleeve, wherein a plurality of umbrella skirt structures are provided on the outer peripheral wall of the insulating sleeve, and a wiring structure is provided at one end of the insulating sleeve; The umbrella skirt structure includes an umbrella skirt body, an inducing ridge disposed on the umbrella skirt body, and an ice-breaking finger disposed on the umbrella skirt body. The inducing ridge can guide the ice layer to produce weak points and cracks during the ice growth process, so that the ice layer is divided into multiple independent ice segments. The ice-breaking finger is rotatably connected to the umbrella skirt body and is used to suppress the formation of ice bridges between adjacent umbrella skirt bodies. The wiring structure includes a connector, a locking bolt, a first wiring frame, and a second wiring frame. The connector has a wiring groove, the first wiring frame is fixed in the wiring groove, and the second wiring frame slides through the wiring groove and is interlocked with each other. The first wiring frame has a first receiving cavity, and the second wiring frame has a second receiving cavity. The first wiring frame has a first connecting hole, and the second wiring frame has a second connecting hole. One end of the locking bolt passes through the second connecting hole and the first connecting hole in sequence and abuts against the inner wall of the second wiring frame. The locking bolt is threaded to the connector and can drive the second wiring frame to move on the connector, thereby changing the spatial dimensions of the first receiving cavity and the second receiving cavity. This results in multiple electrical connection interfaces arranged in different spatial directions on the connector, enabling selective connection with different types of terminal blocks or cable interfaces.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, by setting a skirt structure with an inducing ridge and a rotatable ice-breaking finger on the outer periphery of the insulating bushing, the inducing ridge is used to form weak points in the ice layer and induce cracks during the ice growth process, dividing the continuous ice layer into multiple independent ice segments. At the same time, with the help of the relative rotation of the ice-breaking finger under external assistance, the formation of ice bridges between adjacent skirts is further destroyed, thereby effectively suppressing ice bridge bridging, reducing creepage distance shortening and flashover risk, and significantly improving the external insulation reliability of the insulating skirt in low temperature and icing environments. Furthermore, by setting an adjustable wiring structure at one end of the insulating sleeve, formed by the sliding engagement of the first and second wiring frames, and using a locking bolt to drive the relative movement of the second wiring frame, the spatial dimensions and combination of the first and second accommodating cavities change. This allows for the formation of multiple electrical connection interfaces arranged in different spatial directions on the same connecting seat, enabling selective connection with different types of terminals or cable interfaces. This significantly improves the adaptability of the insulating skirt assembly to multi-directional wiring and multiple types of current transformers, balancing installation flexibility and operational reliability without adding additional adapter structures.

[0008] Optionally, the umbrella skirt body is configured as a disc shape, and the umbrella skirt body is coaxially fixedly sleeved on the insulating plate sleeve. The umbrella skirt body has an unequal thickness from the inside to the outside along its radial direction. The umbrella skirt body is configured as an inner edge region, a transition region and an outer edge region from the inside to the outside along its radial direction. The thickness of the inner edge region is set as T1, the thickness of the transition region is set as T2 and the thickness of the outer edge region is set as T3, and T1 > T2 > T3, T1:T3 ≥ 3.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the umbrella skirt body is designed as a non-uniform thickness structure with the thickness gradually decreasing from the inside to the outside along the radial direction. This creates differentiated heat capacity and thermal inertia distributions in different radial regions of the umbrella skirt, thereby effectively disrupting the conditions for stable ice growth and continuous expansion under low-temperature freezing conditions. Specifically, with the same material, the inner edge region has a larger thickness and higher heat capacity, and its temperature changes relatively slowly, making it easier to maintain near the freezing point for a longer period of time, which is conducive to ice crystal nucleation and growth. On the other hand, the outer edge region has a smaller thickness and lower thermal inertia, and responds more quickly to changes in ambient temperature. Its temperature often quickly passes through the temperature range required for stable ice growth, making it difficult to form a continuous, dense ice layer with sufficient mechanical strength. This results in a significant time-asynchronous icing process in different radial regions of the umbrella skirt, making it difficult for the ice layer to form a continuous and stable overall structure in the radial direction. This weakens the time synchronization and structural bearing capacity required for the formation of stable ice bridges between adjacent umbrella skirts, significantly inhibiting the establishment and maintenance of ice bridges from a structural perspective. In addition, during the melting stage, the thinner outer edge region tends to melt or break before the inner edge region due to faster heating. Even if ice connections are formed in a short time, a "breakpoint" will preferentially occur in the outer edge region. This effectively reduces the possibility of ice bridges persisting in both the icing and melting stages, improving the operational safety and reliability of the insulating umbrella skirt under cold and complex climatic conditions.

[0010] Optionally, a plurality of drainage portions are fixed on the edge area of ​​the umbrella skirt body, and the ice-breaking finger is disposed on the drainage portion. A connecting sleeve is disposed between the ice-breaking finger and the drainage portion. The connecting sleeve is made of elastic material. One end of the connecting sleeve is connected to the drainage portion, and the other end of the connecting sleeve is connected to one end of the ice-breaking finger. A drainage groove is provided on the drainage portion, a drain groove is provided on the connecting sleeve, and a confluence groove is provided on the ice-breaking finger. One end of the drain groove is connected to the drainage groove, and the other end of the drain groove is connected to the confluence groove. Multiple sets of ice-breaking fingers are also provided, and the ice-breaking fingers are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the drainage portion.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, a drainage section is set in the edge area of ​​the umbrella skirt body, and the ice-breaking finger is connected to the drainage section via an elastic connecting sleeve. At the same time, drainage channels, drainage channels, and confluence channels are sequentially set on the drainage section, connecting sleeve, and ice-breaking finger to construct a continuous and controllable water drainage path. This allows water generated during the melting of ice and snow to be quickly discharged from the umbrella skirt surface, avoiding the formation of a continuous water film or conductive channel on the umbrella skirt surface, thereby effectively reducing the risk of flashover. Meanwhile, the elastic connecting sleeve plays a buffering and resetting role during the ice-breaking or swinging process of the ice-breaking finger, reducing the mechanical impact on the umbrella skirt body and improving structural durability. Multiple sets of ice-breaking fingers are set one-to-one with the drainage section, forming a multi-point coordinated ice-breaking and drainage mechanism in the edge area of ​​the umbrella skirt, further enhancing the anti-icing, anti-flashover capability, and operational reliability of the insulating umbrella skirt in cold and icy environments.

[0012] Optionally, the guiding ridge is fixed on the umbrella skirt body, the guiding ridge is configured as a triangular pyramid, the guiding ridge is located in the inner edge area of ​​the umbrella skirt body, the guiding ridge is made of non-metallic semi-conductive material, a grounding wire is fixed on the guiding ridge, the grounding wire is made of non-metallic semi-conductive material, the guiding ridge is grounded at one end through the grounding wire, and multiple sets of guiding ridges are provided on the umbrella skirt body, the multiple sets of guiding ridges are distributed in a circumferential array on the umbrella skirt body.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the inducing ridge is made of non-metallic semi-conductive material and grounded at one end through a non-metallic semi-conductive grounding wire. This allows the inducing ridge to form a capacitive coupling relationship with the high-voltage conductor under high-voltage operation. As a result, an induced current is generated inside the inducing ridge under the action of the electric field, forming a passive self-heating effect. This self-heating effect mainly acts on the inner edge area of ​​the umbrella skirt body, making the surface temperature of this area relatively higher than the surrounding area. This weakens the ice-forming strength and adhesion stability of the ice layer in the inner edge area, making it easier to form weak points in the inner edge area during the icing process. Meanwhile, the geometric protrusion structure of the induced ridge works synergistically with the self-heating effect to guide the ice layer to generate cracks and divide it into multiple independent ice segments during ice growth. This effectively inhibits the spread of ice bridges to the outer edge of the umbrella skirt and between adjacent umbrella skirts. Compared with external heating or overall melting, this solution can achieve local ice control without additional energy supply, which reduces energy consumption and avoids the formation of a continuous conductive water film during the melting process. This significantly improves the insulation reliability and operational safety of the insulating umbrella skirt under cold and complex climatic conditions.

[0014] Optionally, it also includes an adjusting component, which includes an air pump, a first airbag, and a second airbag. The first airbag and the second airbag are respectively connected to the air pump. The first airbag is disposed inside the ice-breaking finger and can drive the ice-breaking finger to swing back and forth on the umbrella skirt body. The second airbag is embedded in the umbrella skirt body and can drive the edge area of ​​the umbrella skirt body to warp and deform.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the first and second airbags, driven by an air pump, upgrade the insulating umbrella skirt assembly from a passive anti-icing structure to an active anti-icing and ice-breaking structure with adjustment capabilities. Specifically, the first airbag drives the ice-breaking finger to reciprocate on the umbrella skirt body, continuously disturbing the already formed or about-to-form ice layer under low-temperature icing conditions, effectively disrupting the integrity of the ice layer and inhibiting the formation of ice bridges between adjacent umbrella skirts. Simultaneously, the second airbag drives controllable warping deformation at the edge area of ​​the umbrella skirt body, further weakening the adhesion stability between the ice layer and the umbrella skirt surface, preventing continuous ice bridge connections. In this way, the adjustment mechanism allows the insulating umbrella skirt assembly to dynamically respond to environmental changes, significantly improving its anti-icing effect and operational reliability under cold and extreme climatic conditions.

[0016] Optionally, the first airbag is connected to the output end of the air pump. The first airbag is cylindrical, with one end fixedly embedded inside the ice-breaking finger and the other end passing through the connecting sleeve and fixedly embedded in the drainage part. The second airbag is elongated and embedded in the umbrella skirt body. The second airbag is parallel to the radial direction of the umbrella skirt body. A first deformation area and a second deformation area are respectively provided on one end of the second airbag near the edge area. The deformation and elongation capacity of the first deformation area is greater than that of the second deformation area. The second deformation area is located above the first deformation area.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, a cylindrical first airbag is embedded inside the ice-breaking finger and connected to an air pump, so that changes in air pressure can be directly converted into the swing displacement of the ice-breaking finger, thereby improving the response sensitivity and driving efficiency of the reciprocating swing of the ice-breaking finger. At the same time, the second airbag is set as a long strip structure arranged parallel to the radial direction of the umbrella skirt body, and a first deformation zone and a second deformation zone with different deformation capabilities are set near the edge area, so that the edge area of ​​the umbrella skirt produces non-uniform and controllable warping deformation during the inflation and deflation process, effectively destroying the overall adhesion state of the ice layer and inhibiting the stable formation of ice bridges. In summary, under the premise of ensuring the structural safety of the umbrella skirt body, the ice-breaking action and the deformation of the umbrella skirt are precisely controlled, improving the stability and repeatability of the anti-icing and ice-breaking effect, thereby significantly enhancing the operational reliability of the insulating umbrella skirt assembly in extreme low temperature environments.

[0018] On the other hand, the current transformer provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A current transformer, comprising: An insulating housing, on which a control module and a temperature sensor are mounted, the temperature sensor being electrically connected to the control module, and the air pump being electrically connected to the control module; An iron core is disposed within the insulating shell. A primary winding and a secondary winding are wound on the iron core. The primary winding and the secondary winding are located on the same side of the iron core, and the secondary winding is electromagnetically coupled to the primary winding.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the insulating shed assembly, which is adaptable to multi-directional wiring, is integrated into the current transformer. A temperature sensor, a control module, and an air pump electrically connected to it are configured on the insulating housing. This enables the current transformer to monitor and intelligently respond to changes in the external ambient temperature in real time. When the ambient temperature reaches the icing risk range, the control module can automatically drive the air pump to work, linking the icing break finger swing and the deformation of the shed edge area, realizing the active adjustment of the anti-icing and ice-breaking functions. This effectively suppresses the formation of ice bridges and reduces the risk of flashover without manual intervention. At the same time, this integrated design avoids the use of external de-icing devices, improves the compactness and system integration of the overall structure of the current transformer, and significantly enhances the operational safety, reliability, and long-term stability of the current transformer under cold and complex climatic conditions.

[0020] Optionally, the insulating housing is provided with a first guide strip and a second guide strip. Both the first guide strip and the second guide strip are made of non-metallic semi-conductive material. The first guide strip and the second guide strip are disposed on the top surface of the insulating housing. The first guide strip and the second guide strip are arranged in a cross shape. The first guide strip and the second guide strip are set as long strips with triangular cross-sections. One end of the first guide strip is grounded.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, a first guide bar and a second guide bar are arranged in a cross pattern on the top surface of the insulating shell. The guide bars are made of non-metallic semi-conductive material and are grounded at one end. Under the action of a high-voltage electric field, the guide bars can generate a self-heating effect through capacitive coupling, thereby reducing the adhesion of ice and snow on the top surface and improving the water flow distribution. At the same time, the triangular cross-section structure is conducive to guiding water flow and ice and snow to fall off, reducing water accumulation on the top and the formation of ice bridges. The non-metallic semi-conductive material avoids the risk of metal discharge while ensuring the electric field balance. Combined with the induced ridge, it can further form weak points on the transformer, guide the generation of ice layer cracks, realize the active suppression of the formation of ice bridges on the transformer, and improve the overall insulation reliability and operational safety of the transformer in extreme environments.

[0022] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By setting an umbrella skirt structure with induced ridges and rotatable ice-breaking fingers on the outer periphery of the insulating bushing, the induced ridges form weak points in the ice layer and induce cracks during the ice growth process, dividing the continuous ice layer into multiple independent ice segments. At the same time, with the relative rotation of the ice-breaking fingers under external assistance, the formation of ice bridges between adjacent umbrella skirts is further disrupted, thereby effectively suppressing ice bridge bridging, reducing creepage distance and flashover risk, and significantly improving the external insulation reliability of the insulating umbrella skirt in low temperature and icing environments. In addition, by setting an adjustable wiring structure at one end of the insulating bushing, which is formed by the sliding engagement of the first and second wiring frames, and using the locking bolt to drive the relative movement of the second wiring frame, multiple electrical connection interfaces arranged in different spatial directions are formed on the same connection seat, realizing selective connection with different types of terminals or cable interfaces. This significantly improves the adaptability of the insulating umbrella skirt assembly to multi-directional wiring and multiple types of current transformers, balancing installation flexibility and operational reliability without adding additional transfer structures. 2. The umbrella skirt body is designed as a non-uniform thickness structure with the thickness gradually decreasing from the inside to the outside along the radial direction. This creates a differentiated distribution of heat capacity and thermal inertia in different radial regions of the umbrella skirt. This effectively disrupts the conditions for stable growth and continuous expansion of the ice layer under low-temperature icing conditions, weakens the time synchronization and structural bearing conditions required for the formation of stable ice bridges between adjacent umbrella skirts, and thus significantly inhibits the establishment and maintenance of ice bridges. In addition, during the melting stage, the thinner outer edge area tends to melt or break before the inner edge area due to faster heating. Even if an ice connection is formed in a short time, a "breakpoint" will preferentially occur in the outer edge area. This effectively reduces the possibility of ice bridges persisting in both the icing and melting stages, and improves the operational safety and reliability of the insulating umbrella skirt under cold and complex climatic conditions. 3. A drainage section is set at the edge of the umbrella skirt. The ice-breaking finger is connected to the drainage section through an elastic connecting sleeve. A continuous drainage channel, a drain channel, and a collection channel are arranged sequentially on the drainage section, the connecting sleeve, and the ice-breaking finger to create a continuous and controllable drainage path, so that melted water can be discharged quickly and water film or conductive channel can be avoided, thereby reducing the risk of flashover. Multiple sets of ice-breaking fingers are set in correspondence with the drainage section to achieve multi-point coordinated ice breaking and drainage, enhancing the anti-icing and anti-flashover capabilities of the insulating umbrella skirt in icing environments. The induction ridge is made of non-metallic semi-conductive material and grounded through a grounding wire. Under high voltage, it forms capacitive coupling and passive self-heating, which raises the surface temperature of the inner edge of the umbrella skirt, weakens the ice layer adhesion and forms a weak point. At the same time, its geometric protrusion guides the ice layer to crack, inhibits the spread of ice bridges to the outer edge and adjacent umbrella skirts, and improves the reliability and safety of the insulating umbrella skirt in cold and complex climates. 4. A cylindrical first airbag is embedded inside the ice-breaking finger and connected to an air pump, allowing air pressure changes to directly drive the ice-breaking finger's swing, improving response sensitivity and driving efficiency. A second airbag is arranged radially along the umbrella skirt, with different deformation zones along its edges. This enables non-uniform, controllable warping of the edges during inflation and deflation, breaking ice adhesion and inhibiting ice bridge formation. While ensuring the safety of the umbrella skirt structure, this achieves precise control of the ice-breaking action and umbrella skirt deformation, improving the stability and repeatability of anti-icing and ice-breaking operations, and enhancing the operational reliability of the insulating umbrella skirt assembly at extreme low temperatures. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the insulating umbrella skirt assembly in the embodiments of this application.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the wiring structure in the embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a half-section structural diagram of the umbrella skirt body in an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the mutual inductor in the embodiments of this application.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the current transformer in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Attached reference numerals: 1. Insulating sleeve; 11. Umbrella skirt structure; 111. Umbrella skirt body; 1111. Inner edge area; 1112. Transition area; 1113. Outer edge area; 112. Inducing ridge; 1121. Grounding wire; 113. Ice-breaking finger; 1131. Manifold; 114. Drainage section; 1141. Drainage groove; 115. Connecting sleeve; 1151. Drainage groove; 12. Wiring structure; 121. Connector; 1211. Wiring groove; 122. Locking bolt; 123. First wiring frame; 1231. First connecting hole; 124. Second wiring frame; 1241. Second connecting hole; 125. First receiving cavity; 126. Second receiving cavity; 2. Adjusting component; 21. Air pump; 22. First airbag; 23. Second airbag; 231. First deformation zone; 232. Second deformation zone; 31. Insulating shell; 311. First guide bar; 312. Second guide bar; 32. Iron core; 33. Primary winding; 34. Secondary winding; 4. Control module; 5. Temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5This application will be described in further detail below.

[0030] This application discloses an insulating umbrella skirt assembly adapted to multi-directional wiring.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 An insulating shed assembly adaptable to multi-directional wiring includes an insulating sleeve 1, a wiring structure 12, a shed structure 11, and an adjusting member 2. The shed structure 11 is installed on the outer peripheral wall of the insulating sleeve 1, and the wiring structure 12 is installed at one end of the insulating sleeve 1. The wiring structure 12 enables multi-directional and multi-type wiring adaptation. The shed assembly can extend the surface creepage distance, increase the surface leakage path, and prevent flashover accidents. The adjusting member 2 can adaptively adjust the shed structure 11, so that the insulating shed assembly can effectively suppress the formation of ice bridges and prevent flashover accidents.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the wiring structure 12 includes a connector 121, a first wiring frame 123, a second wiring frame 124, and a locking bolt 122. The insulating sleeve 1 is cylindrical, and a sealing end cap is threaded to one end of the insulating sleeve 1. A terminal post is fixed on the sealing end cap. The terminal post is coaxial with the insulating sleeve 1 and has an external thread. The connector 121 is rectangular and made of insulating material. A wiring groove 1211 is formed through the connector 121 along its length. A connecting part is fixed on the side of the connector 121 away from the wiring groove 1211. The connecting part is rectangular and has a mounting hole. The connecting part is movably fitted onto the terminal post through the mounting hole. Multiple sets of locking threads are threaded onto the terminal post. The locking nut can fix the connector 121 onto the terminal post.

[0033] Both the first wiring frame 123 and the second wiring frame 124 are rectangular frames, and both are made of copper. The first wiring frame 123 is fixed in the wiring groove 1211, and the second wiring frame 124 slides through the wiring groove 1211. The first wiring frame 123 and the second wiring frame 124 are interlocked. The side of the second wiring frame 124 near the first wiring frame 123 extends into the first wiring frame 123 to form a first receiving cavity 125 for wiring. The side of the first wiring frame 123 near the second wiring frame 124 extends into the second wiring frame 124 to form a second receiving cavity 126 for wiring. A first connecting hole 1231 is opened on the side wall of the first wiring frame 123 near the second wiring frame 124, and a second connecting hole 1241 is opened on the side wall of the second wiring frame 124 away from the first wiring frame 123.

[0034] One end of the locking bolt 122 passes through the second connecting hole 1241 and the first connecting hole 1231 in sequence and then extends into the first terminal frame 123. The end of the locking bolt 122 extending into the first terminal frame 123 abuts against the inner wall of the second terminal frame 124 near the first terminal frame 123. The locking bolt 122 is threadedly connected to the connecting seat 121. The locking bolt 122 can drive the second terminal frame 124 to move on the connecting seat 121, thereby changing the spatial dimensions of the first receiving cavity 125 and the second receiving cavity 126. As a result, multiple electrical connection interfaces are formed on the connecting seat 121 arranged in different spatial directions to achieve selective connection with different types of terminal blocks or cable interfaces.

[0035] In this embodiment, the first wiring frame 123, the second wiring frame 124 and the locking bolt 122 on the connector 121 are arranged in multiple sets linearly along the length of the connector 121. The wiring structure 12 is also provided in multiple sets on the terminal post. Since the connecting part is movably sleeved on the terminal post, the entire wiring structure 12 can be oriented in any direction along the periphery of the terminal post as needed.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, the umbrella skirt structure 11 includes an umbrella skirt body 111, an inducing ridge 112 disposed on the umbrella skirt body 111, a drainage portion 114 disposed on the edge of the umbrella skirt body 111, and an ice-breaking finger 113 disposed on the drainage portion 114. The umbrella skirt body 111 is disc-shaped and coaxially fixedly sleeved on the insulating plate sleeve. The umbrella skirt body 111 is made of silicone rubber, and the thickness of the umbrella skirt body 111 decreases sequentially from the inside to the outside along its radial direction. The umbrella skirt body 111 is arranged in the radial direction from the inside to the outside as an inner edge region 1111, a transition region 1112, and an outer edge region 1113. The thickness of the inner edge region 1111 is set to T1, the thickness of the transition region 1112 is set to T2, and the thickness of the outer edge region 1113 is set to T3. The thickness of the transition region 1112 is continuously decreasing and satisfies T1 > T2 > T3, T1:T3≥3. At the same time, the upper surface of the umbrella skirt body 111 is inclined from the inside to the outside in the radial direction.

[0037] The guiding ridge 112 is fixed to the upper surface of the umbrella skirt body 111. The guiding ridge 112 is shaped like a triangular pyramid and is located within the inner edge region 1111 of the umbrella skirt body 111. The guiding ridge 112 is made of a non-metallic semi-conductive material. In this embodiment, the guiding ridge 112 is made of semi-conductive rubber. A grounding wire 1121 is fixed on the side of the guiding ridge 112 that connects to the umbrella skirt body 111. The grounding wire 1121 is also made of a non-metallic semi-conductive material and is fixedly embedded inside the umbrella skirt body 111 and the insulating sleeve 1. The guiding ridge 112 is grounded at one end through the grounding wire 1121. Multiple sets of guiding ridges 112 are provided on the umbrella skirt body 111, and the multiple sets of guiding ridges 112 are distributed in a circumferential array on the umbrella skirt body 111.

[0038] The high-voltage conductor carries an alternating high voltage, creating a strong alternating electric field in its surrounding space. The induced ridge 112, made of a semi-conductive material, is attached to the surface of the insulating skirt. Because the induced ridge 112 is in the electric field, it induces a distributed voltage through capacitive coupling, forming a distributed capacitance C between the induced ridge 112 and the high-voltage conductor. C Simultaneously, ridge 112 also exhibits a distributed capacitance C relative to the ground. g Since one end of the induced ridge 112 is grounded, its potential is fixed at the ground potential. However, due to the different distances from the high-voltage conductors, the coupling strength of other parts is different, thus inducing different potentials and forming a potential gradient along the length of the induced ridge 112.

[0039] Due to the potential gradient, an electric field is generated inside the semiconducting material, driving current to flow from the high potential point to the ground point. The semiconducting material has a certain resistivity ρ, and the current flowing through it will generate Joule heating, inducing the ridge 112 to heat up, which can increase the surface temperature of the corresponding position of the umbrella skirt body 111, prevent icing or accelerate melting, keep the surface dry, and improve insulation reliability.

[0040] The drainage section 114 is located on the edge of the umbrella skirt body 111 and is fixedly connected to the umbrella skirt body 111. The drainage section 114 is set in an isosceles triangle shape, and the upper surface of the drainage section 114 is smoothly transitioned to the upper surface of the umbrella skirt body 111. Drainage grooves 1141 are opened on both sides of the drainage section 114. The two sets of drainage grooves 1141 are symmetrically arranged around the center line of the drainage section 114. Multiple sets of drainage sections 114 are provided. The multiple sets of drainage sections 114 are arranged in a circle on the umbrella skirt body 111, and the two adjacent sets of drainage grooves 1141 are interconnected.

[0041] An ice-breaking finger 113 is disposed on the drainage part 114. The ice-breaking finger 113 is cylindrical with one end being a pointed cone. A connecting sleeve 115 is disposed between the ice-breaking finger 113 and the drainage part 114. One end of the connecting sleeve 115 is fixedly connected to the drainage part 114, and the other end of the connecting sleeve 115 is fixedly connected to one end of the ice-breaking finger 113. The connecting sleeve 115 is made of special rubber. The ice-breaking finger 113 is rotatably disposed on the drainage part 114 through the connecting sleeve 115.

[0042] The connecting sleeve 115 is provided with a drain groove 1151, and the ice-breaking finger 113 is provided with a confluence groove 1131. One end of the drain groove 1151 is connected to the flow channel 1141, and the other end of the drain groove 1151 is connected to the confluence groove 1131. Two sets of drain grooves 1151 are provided on the connecting sleeve 115, and the two sets of drain grooves 1151 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center line of the flow channel 114. Multiple sets of ice-breaking fingers 113 are also provided, and the ice-breaking fingers 113 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the flow channel 114.

[0043] More specifically, it's important to clarify that under low-temperature icing conditions, ice formation is not solely determined by whether the temperature is below the freezing point. It requires simultaneously stable temperature conditions, sufficient duration of icing, and favorable adhesion and energy balance. Especially in the temperature range close to the freezing point, if the surface temperature of a structure changes slowly and remains within this range for an extended period, ice crystals are more likely to complete nucleation, growth, and densification, thus forming an ice layer with a certain mechanical strength and continuity. Therefore, the key to suppressing ice damage lies not in completely preventing icing, but in disrupting the conditions for stable ice growth and continuous expansion.

[0044] If the thickness of the umbrella skirt is set to be the same in the radial direction, its heat capacity per unit area and thermal response characteristics are highly similar. When the ambient temperature gradually decreases, the cooling rate of each radial position of the umbrella skirt is similar, and they remain synchronously near the freezing point for a relatively long time. This synchronous thermal response characteristic causes the ice layer to enter the stable growth stage almost simultaneously in the inner edge region 1111, the transition region 1112, and the outer edge region 1113 of the umbrella skirt, resulting in the continuous expansion of the ice layer in the radial and axial directions. It is very easy for stable ice bridges to form between adjacent umbrella skirts along the shortest spatial path.

[0045] By designing the umbrella skirt with a larger thickness in the inner edge region 1111 and a significantly reduced thickness in the outer edge region 1113, the aforementioned thermal response consistency can be effectively altered. Under the premise of the same material, the change in structural thickness directly leads to differences in heat capacity and thermal inertia: the thicker region has a larger heat capacity and its temperature changes relatively slowly; the thinner region has a smaller heat capacity and responds more rapidly to changes in ambient temperature. This difference does not necessarily mean that the thinner region is more prone to icing, but rather that the temperature changes at different radial locations exhibit significantly asynchronous characteristics over time.

[0046] During the cooling process, the thinner outer region, due to its lower thermal inertia, experiences a faster temperature drop below the freezing point, making it difficult to remain within the temperature window required for stable ice growth for an extended period. Conversely, the thicker inner region cools more slowly, often maintaining its temperature near the freezing point for a longer time, which is more conducive to ice crystal nucleation and dense growth. As a result, the ice layer exhibits distinctly different growth patterns radially: the ice layer in the inner region (1111 domain) is relatively stable and continuous, while the ice layer in the outer region (1113 domain) is mostly short-lived, subject to repeated freeze-thaw cycles, or is loose and discontinuous.

[0047] This radial asynchrony in ice growth significantly inhibits ice bridge formation. Ice bridge formation requires not only continuous spatial contact but also synchronous and stable temporal growth of adjacent ice layers and sufficient mechanical bearing capacity. The radially unequal thickness structure weakens the spatial continuity of the ice bridge by disrupting the stability of the ice layer in the outer edge region 1113, making it difficult to form a continuous and reliable connection interface. Simultaneously, due to the asynchronous stabilization stages of the ice layers in the inner edge region 1111 and the outer edge region 1113, it is difficult for adjacent ice friezes to form stable ice connections at the same time, further inhibiting ice bridge establishment.

[0048] During the melting stage, the inhibitory effect of this structural difference is further amplified. Because the outer edge region 1113 heats up faster, the melting process usually occurs before the inner edge region 1111. Even if an ice bridge forms briefly during the freezing stage, its outer edge will preferentially melt or break, structurally creating a "preemptive breakpoint." Therefore, this radially unequal thickness structure does not rely on external energy or special materials to eliminate the ice layer, but rather actively disrupts the formation and maintenance conditions of ice bridges in both the freezing and melting stages by altering the thermal inertia distribution.

[0049] Reference Figure 3 In this embodiment of the application, the adjusting component 2 includes an air pump 21, a first airbag 22, a second airbag 23, a first air supply pipe and a second air supply pipe. The first airbag 22 is cylindrical. One end of the first airbag 22 is fixedly embedded inside the ice-breaking finger 113, and the other end of the first airbag 22 passes through the connecting sleeve 115 and is fixedly embedded on the drainage part 114.

[0050] The second airbag 23 is elongated and embedded in the umbrella skirt body 111, with space reserved in the umbrella skirt body 111 for the deformation of the second airbag 23. The second airbag 23 is arranged parallel to the radial direction of the umbrella skirt body 111. A first deformation area 231 and a second deformation area 232 are respectively provided on one end of the second airbag 23 near the edge area. The deformation and extension capacity of the first deformation area 231 is greater than that of the second deformation area 232. The second deformation area 232 is located above the first deformation area 231.

[0051] One end of the first air supply pipe and one end of the second air supply pipe are both connected to the output end of the air pump 21. The other end of the first air supply pipe is connected to the first airbag 22, and the other end of the second air supply pipe is connected to the second airbag 23. Multiple sets of the first airbag 22 and the second airbag 23 are arranged circumferentially on a set of umbrella skirt bodies 111. When the air pump 21 inflates the first airbag 22, the first airbag 22 can drive the ice-breaking finger 113 to swing back and forth on the drainage part 114. When the air pump 21 inflates the second airbag 23, since the deformation and extension capacity of the first deformation zone 231 is greater than that of the second deformation zone 232, and the second deformation zone 232 is located above the first deformation zone 231, the second airbag 23 will cause the edge area of ​​the entire umbrella skirt body 111 to warp upward.

[0052] The implementation principle of the insulating umbrella skirt assembly adapted to multi-directional wiring in this application embodiment is as follows: by cooperating with the umbrella skirt structure 11 which has active and passive anti-icing cooperative capabilities, the complex wiring adaptation and anti-icing and anti-flashover performance are comprehensively improved.

[0053] In terms of wiring, the wiring structure 12 is movably sleeved on the terminal block via the connector 121, and a first terminal frame 123 and a second terminal frame 124 that can be adjusted relative to each other are provided in the connector 121. The relative positions of the first terminal frame 123 and the second terminal frame 124 are changed by means of the locking bolt 122, thereby forming multiple electrical connection interfaces arranged in different spatial directions on the connector 121. In terms of anti-icing, the umbrella skirt body 111 adopts a radially unequal thickness structure, with the inner edge region 1111 being thicker and the outer edge region 1113 being thinner, giving different heat capacities and thermal response characteristics at different radial positions of the umbrella skirt. During environmental temperature changes, it is difficult for each radial region to enter a stable ice growth state at the same time, thereby disrupting the conditions for synchronous and continuous ice growth and inhibiting the formation of ice bridges between adjacent umbrella skirts; during the melting stage, the thinner outer edge region preferentially heats up and fractures, further weakening the ability to maintain ice bridges; Meanwhile, the drainage section 114 and drainage channel 1141 set on the edge of the umbrella skirt guide the water flow to be discharged quickly, avoiding the formation of a continuous water film; the ice-breaking finger 113 is set on the drainage section 114 through a flexible connection, which can disturb the formed ice layer and reduce the stability of the ice layer; in terms of active adjustment, the ice-breaking finger 113 can be driven to swing by the air pump 21 to inflate the first airbag 22, which mechanically destroys the edge ice layer; the air pump 21 inflates the second airbag 23, which causes the edge area of ​​the umbrella skirt to be deformed upward, changing the spatial relationship between the umbrella skirts and further destroying the conditions for ice bridge formation.

[0054] This application also discloses a mutual inductor.

[0055] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5In this embodiment of the application, a current transformer includes an insulating housing 31, a control module 4, an iron core 32, a primary winding 33, and a secondary winding 34. The insulating housing 31 is a rectangular box made of epoxy resin. A high-voltage phase terminal block and an output terminal box are respectively provided on the insulating housing 31. The high-voltage phase terminal block is inclinedly arranged on the insulating housing 31. There are two sets of high-voltage phase terminal blocks. The two sets of high-voltage phase terminal blocks are arranged in a V-shape on the insulating housing 31. The end of the insulating sleeve 1 facing away from the connecting seat 121 is fixedly connected to the high-voltage phase terminal block.

[0056] The insulating housing 31 is provided with a first guide bar 311 and a second guide bar 312. Both the first guide bar 311 and the second guide bar 312 are made of non-metallic semi-conductive material. The first guide bar 311 and the second guide bar 312 are disposed on the top surface of the insulating housing 31. The first guide bar 311 and the second guide bar 312 are arranged perpendicularly to each other. The first guide bar 311 and the second guide bar 312 are set as long strips with triangular cross sections. One end of the first guide bar 311 is grounded. It should be noted that the grounding treatment is a prior art of those skilled in the art. It can be connected to the grounding wire in multiple application environments or directly grounded with a wire. It will not be described in detail here.

[0057] The control module 4 is mounted on the insulating housing 31. A temperature sensor 5 is mounted on the insulating housing 31 and is electrically connected to the control module 4. An external mounting box is fixed on the outer wall of the insulating housing 31. An air pump 21 is mounted inside the external mounting box and is electrically connected to the control module 4.

[0058] The core 32 is made of stacked silicon steel sheets with high magnetic permeability, forming a closed rectangular frame structure. The primary winding 33 is made of flat copper wire coated with high-temperature resistant insulating varnish, with a small number of turns, and is tightly wound on a side post on one side of the core 32. The two ends of the primary winding 33 are set as high-voltage input terminals, and the two sets of high-voltage input terminals are connected to the two sets of high-voltage phase terminals one by one.

[0059] The secondary winding 34 is made of insulated enameled round copper wire. The number of turns in the secondary winding 34 is much greater than that in the primary winding 33. The secondary winding 34 is wound on the same side post of the iron core 32, and the secondary winding 34 and the primary winding 33 are arranged coaxially, maintaining a certain insulation distance between them. The two ends of the secondary winding 34 are set as low-voltage signal output terminals. The output junction box is fixed on the insulating housing 31, and the output junction box is provided with multiple electrical connection interfaces. The low-voltage signal output terminals are connected to these multiple electrical connection interfaces.

[0060] More specifically, when the temperature sensor 5 detects that the external environment is lower than the preset temperature, the control module 4 controls the air pump 21 to start, realizing active dynamic response adjustment of the insulating umbrella skirt. When the air pump 21 inflates the first airbag 22, the first airbag 22 drives the ice-breaking finger 113 to swing back and forth on the drainage part 114, generating periodic mechanical disturbance to the ice layer of the drainage part 114 and the outer edge area 1113, accelerating the cracking or falling off of the ice layer, disturbing and damaging the already formed ice layer, and weakening the continuity of the ice layer. When the air pump 21 inflates the second airbag 23, due to the difference in deformation capacity of different deformation areas of the second airbag 23, the edge area of ​​the umbrella skirt will be warped upward, thereby changing the relative spatial relationship between the umbrella skirts, destroying the geometric and mechanical conditions required for the formation of ice bridges, and at the same time disturbing and damaging the already formed ice layer, preventing the entire umbrella skirt body 111 from being frozen solid.

[0061] This application combines structural design with active adjustment to synergistically suppress ice bridge formation from multiple levels, including thermal response differences, mechanical disturbances, and spatial structural changes, without relying on additional heating or complex control systems. It also takes into account multi-directional wiring requirements and improved insulation performance, thereby significantly improving the operational safety and reliability of instrument transformers under complex climate and multi-wiring conditions.

[0062] The implementation principle of the current transformer in this embodiment is as follows: When the primary winding 33 is connected to a high-voltage line, the primary current flowing through it generates an alternating magnetic flux in the iron core 32. This magnetic flux passes through the secondary winding 34, and according to the law of electromagnetic induction, a secondary voltage proportional to the primary voltage but with a significantly reduced amplitude is induced at both ends of the secondary winding 34, thereby achieving isolation and transformation from high voltage to low voltage; the first guide bar 311 and the second guide bar 312 disposed on the housing can generate heat through capacitive coupling induction, thereby preventing the insulating housing 31 from being frozen and causing a flashover accident.

[0063] The above are all optional embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An insulating shed assembly adaptable to multi-directional wiring, characterized in that, include: An insulating sleeve (1) is provided with several sets of umbrella skirt structures (11) on its outer peripheral wall, and a wiring structure (12) is provided at one end of the insulating sleeve (1). The umbrella skirt structure (11) includes an umbrella skirt body (111), an inducing ridge (112) disposed on the umbrella skirt body (111), and an ice-breaking finger (113) disposed on the umbrella skirt body (111). The inducing ridge (112) can guide the ice layer to develop weak points and cracks during the ice growth process, so that the ice layer is divided into multiple independent ice segments. The ice-breaking finger (113) is rotatably connected to the umbrella skirt body (111), and the ice-breaking finger (113) is used to suppress the formation of ice bridges between adjacent umbrella skirt bodies (111). The wiring structure (12) includes a connecting seat (121), a locking bolt (122), a first wiring frame (123), and a second wiring frame (124). The connecting seat (121) has a wiring groove (1211). The first wiring frame (123) is fixedly disposed within the wiring groove (1211), and the second wiring frame (124) slides through the wiring groove (1211). The first wiring frame (123) and the second wiring frame (124) are interlocked. The first wiring frame (123) has a first receiving cavity (125), and the second wiring frame (124) has a second receiving cavity (126). The first wiring frame (123) has a first connecting hole (1231). The second wiring frame (124) has a second connection hole (1241). One end of the locking bolt (122) passes through the second connection hole (1241) and the first connection hole (1231) in sequence and abuts against the inner wall of the second wiring frame (124). The locking bolt (122) is threadedly connected to the connecting seat (121). The locking bolt (122) can drive the second wiring frame (124) to move on the connecting seat (121), thereby changing the spatial dimensions of the first receiving cavity (125) and the second receiving cavity (126). As a result, multiple electrical connection interfaces are formed on the connecting seat (121) arranged in different spatial directions to achieve selective connection with different types of terminal blocks or cable interfaces.

2. An insulating shed assembly adaptable to multi-directional wiring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The umbrella skirt body (111) is configured as a disc shape. The umbrella skirt body (111) is coaxially fixedly sleeved on the insulating plate sleeve. The umbrella skirt body (111) has a different thickness from the inside to the outside along its radial direction. The umbrella skirt body (111) is configured as an inner edge region (1111), a transition region (1112), and an outer edge region (1113) in sequence from the inside to the outside along its radial direction. The thickness of the inner edge region (1111) is set as T1, the thickness of the transition region (1112) is set as T2, and the thickness of the outer edge region (1113) is set as T3, and T1 > T2 > T3, T1:T3 ≥ 3.

3. An insulating shed assembly adaptable to multi-directional wiring according to claim 2, characterized in that: Several sets of drainage portions (114) are fixed on the edge area of ​​the umbrella skirt body (111). The ice-breaking finger (113) is disposed on the drainage portion (114). A connecting sleeve (115) is provided between the ice-breaking finger (113) and the drainage portion (114). The connecting sleeve (115) is made of elastic material. One end of the connecting sleeve (115) is connected to the drainage portion (114), and the other end of the connecting sleeve (115) is connected to one end of the ice-breaking finger (113). The drainage portion ( A flow channel (1141) is provided on the 114), a drain channel (1151) is provided on the connecting sleeve (115), and a confluence channel (1131) is provided on the ice-breaking finger (113). One end of the drain channel (1151) is connected to the flow channel (1141), and the other end of the drain channel (1151) is connected to the confluence channel (1131). Multiple sets of ice-breaking fingers (113) are also provided, and the ice-breaking fingers (113) and the flow channel (114) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

4. An insulating shed assembly adaptable to multi-directional wiring according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guiding ridge (112) is fixed on the umbrella skirt body (111). The guiding ridge (112) is set in the shape of a triangular pyramid. The guiding ridge (112) is set in the inner edge area (1111) of the umbrella skirt body (111). The guiding ridge (112) is made of non-metallic semi-conductive material. A grounding wire (1121) is fixed on the guiding ridge (112). The grounding wire (1121) is made of non-metallic semi-conductive material. The guiding ridge (112) is grounded at one end through the grounding wire (1121). There are multiple sets of guiding ridges (112) on the umbrella skirt body (111). The multiple sets of guiding ridges (112) are distributed in a circular array on the umbrella skirt body (111).

5. An insulating shed assembly adaptable to multi-directional wiring according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes an adjusting component (2), which includes an air pump (21), a first airbag (22) and a second airbag (23). The first airbag (22) and the second airbag (23) are respectively connected to the air pump (21). The first airbag (22) is disposed in the ice-breaking finger (113). The first airbag (22) can drive the ice-breaking finger (113) to swing back and forth on the umbrella skirt body (111). The second airbag (23) is embedded in the umbrella skirt body (111). The second airbag (23) can drive the edge area of ​​the umbrella skirt body (111) to warp and deform.

6. An insulating shed assembly adaptable to multi-directional wiring according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first airbag (22) is connected to the output end of the air pump (21). The first airbag (22) is cylindrical. One end of the first airbag (22) is fixedly embedded in the ice-breaking finger (113). The other end of the first airbag (22) passes through the connecting sleeve (115) and is fixedly embedded in the drainage part (114). The second airbag (23) is elongated. The second airbag (23) is embedded in the umbrella skirt body (111). The second airbag (23) is parallel to the radial direction of the umbrella skirt body (111). The second airbag (23) is provided with a first deformation area (231) and a second deformation area (232) on one end of the second airbag (23) near the edge area. The deformation and extension capacity of the first deformation area (231) is greater than that of the second deformation area (232). The second deformation area (232) is located above the first deformation area (231).

7. A current transformer comprising an insulating shed assembly adapted for multi-directional wiring as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, include: An insulating housing (31) is provided with a control module (4) and a temperature sensor (5). The temperature sensor (5) is electrically connected to the control module (4), and the air pump (21) is electrically connected to the control module (4). The iron core (32) is disposed inside the insulating shell (31). A primary winding (33) and a secondary winding (34) are wound on the iron core (32). The primary winding (33) and the secondary winding (34) are located on the same side of the iron core (32), and the secondary winding (34) is electromagnetically coupled to the primary winding (33).

8. A current transformer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The insulating housing (31) is provided with a first guide strip (311) and a second guide strip (312). The first guide strip (311) and the second guide strip (312) are both made of non-metallic semi-conductive material. The first guide strip (311) and the second guide strip (312) are provided on the top surface of the insulating housing (31). The first guide strip (311) and the second guide strip (312) are arranged in a cross shape. The first guide strip (311) and the second guide strip (312) are long strips with triangular cross sections. One end of the first guide strip (311) is grounded.

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