A multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patch, an intelligent fire extinguishing system and method having the same

Abstract

The application provides a multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patch, an intelligent fire extinguishing system and method with the multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patch, the multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patch comprises a trigger monitoring layer (a gravity sensor), a heat insulation layer (porous ceramic), and a fire extinguishing layer (microcapsule, an electric heating wire, and a chemical warning agent). The intelligent fire extinguishing system comprises the multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patch, a multi-source monitoring unit (infrared, smoke, and temperature sensors), a controller, a trigger transmission unit, and a substation monitoring system. The controller receives multi-source signals to control the on-off of the electric heating wire, the gravity sensor monitors the release state, a trigger signal is transmitted to the monitoring system through ultrasonic vibration through a metal cabinet body, active fire extinguishing, state monitoring, and remote monitoring are realized, and the fire extinguishing reliability and intelligent level are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire protection, specifically to a multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patch, an intelligent fire extinguishing system and method having the multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patch. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing microcapsules, with their high-efficiency fire extinguishing performance and excellent environmental protection characteristics, have become one of the important development directions of new fire extinguishing materials. This material can keenly detect fires in confined spaces and rapidly release the extinguishing agent, thereby quickly suppressing fires in their incipient stages and effectively controlling their spread. In practical applications, these microcapsules are often prepared as fire extinguishing patches, which are installed in key locations inside electrical equipment with high fire risk, such as switch cabinets and distribution boxes, by direct adhesion or magnetic attraction, constructing a localized active fire barrier.

[0003] However, existing fire extinguishing patches still have certain limitations in practical use. On the one hand, traditional solutions lack an effective trigger status monitoring mechanism, making it difficult to determine in real time whether the fire extinguishing patch has been activated, which is not conducive to system assessment and timely maintenance after a fire. On the other hand, when the fire source is far from the patch installation area, because thermal sensing depends on a local temperature rise, if the response threshold is not reached, the fire extinguishing patch will not be effectively activated, thus creating a blind spot and affecting the overall fire extinguishing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention proposes an active-passive composite intelligent fire extinguishing system integrating multi-source sensing technology and a patch fire extinguishing method with active fire extinguishing capability and real-time trigger monitoring function, aiming to improve fire response sensitivity and fire extinguishing reliability, and expand its applicable scenarios and protection range.

[0005] A multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patch includes a trigger monitoring layer, a heat insulation layer, and a fire extinguishing layer that are sequentially stacked and fixed.

[0006] The trigger monitoring layer is a gravity sensor;

[0007] The heat insulation layer is a ceramic sheet made of porous ceramic material, which is disposed between the gravity sensor and the fire extinguishing layer;

[0008] The fire extinguishing layer includes: a fire extinguishing microcapsule patch, a heating wire embedded in the fire extinguishing microcapsule patch, and a chemical warning agent disposed in a preset hole in the fire extinguishing microcapsule patch;

[0009] The heating wire is electrically connected to the drive circuit of the external controller. After the external controller detects the fire signal in collaboration with multiple sensors, it controls the heating wire to conduct and heat. When multiple sensors detect that the flame has been extinguished, it switches off the heating wire to stop heating.

[0010] The gravity sensor is used to monitor the gravity changes of the fire extinguishing layer in real time, determine whether the fire extinguishing agent is released and the amount released, and transmit the trigger status of the fire extinguishing patch to the substation monitoring system to realize remote monitoring of the fire extinguishing process.

[0011] Furthermore, the fire extinguishing microcapsule patch is made of a heat-responsive material coated with perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent, and is set to be triggered and released at a temperature of 120°C to achieve rapid fire extinguishing; before the fire extinguishing layer is cured, the heating wire is evenly embedded in the fire extinguishing layer to form a heating network; without affecting the distribution of the heating wire, the fire extinguishing layer is perforated to place the chemical warning agent.

[0012] Furthermore, the thermally responsive material is the wall material of the microcapsule, selected from urea-formaldehyde resin, gelatin-gum arabic composite, polyurea, polyurethane, or cross-linked acrylate.

[0013] Furthermore, the heating wire is made of one or more composite materials selected from nickel-chromium alloy, iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, and tungsten wire. Furthermore,

[0014] Furthermore, the main component of the chemical warning agent is selected from one or more mixtures of ammonium carbonate, ammonium chloride, and ammonium bicarbonate.

[0015] An intelligent fire extinguishing system and method with multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patches, comprising:

[0016] Multiple multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patches are installed on the top of the cabinet above the circuit breaker;

[0017] The multi-source fire monitoring unit includes an infrared sensor, a smoke sensor, and a temperature sensor, all of which are electrically connected to the controller. The smoke sensor is installed on the top of the distribution box, the infrared sensor is installed at an angle above the cabinet, and the temperature sensor is installed on the cabinet wall on the side of each circuit switch.

[0018] The controller is electrically connected to the heating wire drive circuit of the fire extinguishing patch;

[0019] The trigger state transmission unit is electrically connected to the gravity sensor.

[0020] The substation monitoring system is electrically connected to the external vibration energy converter;

[0021] The controller receives signals from multiple sensors and controls the on / off state of the heating wire; the trigger state transmission unit encodes the trigger data from the gravity sensor into an ultrasonic vibration signal, which is then transmitted to the substation monitoring system through the metal cabinet.

[0022] Furthermore, the trigger state transmission unit includes a signal processing module, an internal vibration energy converter, and an external vibration energy converter. The signal processing module is connected to the gravity sensor, the internal vibration energy converter is installed inside the metal cabinet and connected to the signal processing module, and the external vibration energy converter is symmetrically installed on the outside of the metal cabinet.

[0023] The signal processing module is used to encode the patch trigger signal into an ultrasonic vibration signal and transmit it to the internal vibration energy converter;

[0024] The internal vibration energy converter is used to transmit ultrasonic vibration signals to the external vibration energy converter outside the cabinet by using the metal cabinet as a transmission medium.

[0025] The external vibration energy converter is used to restore the ultrasonic vibration signal into state information, which is then transmitted to the substation monitoring system.

[0026] An active-passive intelligent fire suppression method based on multi-source sensing, using the above-mentioned system, includes the following steps:

[0027] Multi-source fire detection: Utilizes infrared, smoke, and temperature sensors to collect flame / smoke / temperature signals from the target space and outputs them to the controller;

[0028] Fire situation fusion judgment: The controller performs comprehensive processing on the signals to obtain a judgment result of "fire exists" or "fire does not exist";

[0029] Active fire suppression: If the judgment result is "fire exists", the controller drives the heating wire to heat the fire suppression layer, causing the perfluorohexanone microcapsules to release the fire extinguishing agent;

[0030] Trigger status monitoring: The gravity sensor is used to monitor the gravity change of the fire extinguishing layer to obtain the trigger signal of the fire extinguishing patch for "fire extinguishing agent release status and release amount";

[0031] Status signal transmission: The trigger signal of the fire extinguishing patch is an ultrasonic vibration signal, which is transmitted to the outside through the metal cabinet;

[0032] Remote monitoring reception: External vibration signals are received and parsed into status information, which is then uploaded to the substation monitoring system for recording and display.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0034] 1. By deploying infrared sensors, smoke sensors, and temperature sensors to construct a multi-source information fusion fire identification network, comprehensive monitoring of flames in enclosed spaces such as distribution boxes and switch cabinets can be achieved. This system possesses all-area fire suppression capabilities; even if the flame is not directly near the fire extinguishing patch, the system can still respond promptly and actively control the heating wire to trigger the fire extinguishing patch. The released perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent will rapidly diffuse throughout the entire cabinet space, effectively extinguishing hidden fire sources located in corners or behind equipment through the dual effects of uniformly isolating oxygen and absorbing heat for cooling, achieving highly efficient fire suppression protection without blind spots.

[0035] 2. This invention creatively integrates a gravity sensor and a fire extinguishing patch into one unit, forming an intelligent fire extinguishing structure with self-sensing capabilities. This design can not only accurately record the triggering time of the fire extinguishing patch, but also cumulatively monitor the number of triggering events, providing reliable data support for evaluating the operational status of the fire extinguishing device and timely replacement, greatly improving the level of intelligent maintenance management.

[0036] 3. Addressing the internal signal transmission challenges caused by the "Faraday cage" effect in metal enclosures such as distribution boxes and switchgear, this invention innovatively introduces acoustic vibration sensing and communication technology. By encoding patch trigger signals into specific vibration sequences, a complete communication mode of "vibration generation—vibration pickup—signal analysis" is implemented to achieve reliable transmission of information inside and outside the sealed metal cavity. Ultimately, critical status data is remotely uploaded to the substation monitoring center, solving the signal transmission problem in strongly shielded environments. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is an exploded structural diagram of the multilayer composite fire extinguishing patch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multilayer composite fire extinguishing patch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the trigger signal transmission process of the multilayer composite fire extinguishing patch according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation and arrangement of the multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patch, the intelligent fire extinguishing system and method having the multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patch in the distribution box according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] like Figure 1-2 As shown in the figure, this embodiment of the invention provides an exploded view and an overall structural diagram of a multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patch. This multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patch employs a three-layer composite structure, mainly comprising a gravity sensor (first layer) as the trigger monitoring layer, a porous ceramic heat insulation sheet (second layer) as the heat insulation layer, and a fire extinguishing microcapsule patch (third layer) as the fire extinguishing layer. These three layers are bonded together with epoxy resin adhesive, which has excellent insulation properties and high-temperature resistance, ensuring strong adhesion between the layers and preventing detachment in high-temperature fire environments.

[0043] To achieve comprehensive, blind-spot-free monitoring of flames inside metal enclosures such as distribution boxes and switchgear, this invention employs multi-sensor information fusion technology. It integrates multiple sensors, including infrared, smoke, and temperature sensors, to comprehensively monitor the flames. The system then comprehensively evaluates the multi-source information to accurately determine the presence or absence of a flame, and actively triggers multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patches. Finally, the system transmits the triggering status of the fire extinguishing patches to the substation monitoring system in real time, enabling remote monitoring of the fire extinguishing process.

[0044] The aforementioned trigger monitoring layer is achieved through a gravity sensor. By monitoring the gravity changes of the fire extinguishing layer in real time, it accurately determines whether the fire extinguishing agent is released and the amount released, thereby accurately determining the triggering status and working effect of the multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patch.

[0045] The gravity sensor transmits the trigger status of the fire extinguishing patch to the substation monitoring system in real time through a trigger status transmission unit. The trigger status transmission unit includes a signal processing module, an internal vibration energy converter, and an external vibration energy converter. The signal processing module is connected to the gravity sensor. The internal vibration energy converter is installed inside the metal cabinet and connected to the signal processing module. The external vibration energy converter is symmetrically installed on the outside of the metal cabinet.

[0046] The signal processing module encodes the patch trigger signal into an ultrasonic vibration signal and transmits it to the internal vibration energy converter. The internal vibration energy converter uses the metal cabinet as a transmission medium to transmit the ultrasonic vibration signal to the external vibration energy converter outside the cabinet. The external vibration energy converter restores the ultrasonic vibration signal into status information and finally transmits it to the substation monitoring system.

[0047] The aforementioned insulation layer is made of porous ceramic material, which has excellent heat insulation performance and thermal stability. It can effectively block and slow down the transmission of temperature from the upper surface of the fire extinguishing layer to the gravity sensor, ensuring that the sensor can still work normally and stably record the triggering state of the fire extinguishing layer in the high-temperature environment generated by the fire.

[0048] The aforementioned fire extinguishing layer consists of fire extinguishing microcapsule patches, embedded heating wires, and a chemical warning agent. The fire extinguishing microcapsule patches are made of a heat-responsive material coated with perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent, designed to trigger release at 120°C for rapid fire extinguishing. Before the fire extinguishing layer cures, the heating wires are evenly embedded within it to form a heating network, ensuring uniform heating of the fire extinguishing patches during the heating process. Simultaneously, without affecting the distribution of the heating wires, precise perforations are made in the fire extinguishing layer to place the chemical warning agent.

[0049] The thermally responsive material is the wall material of the microcapsules, selected from urea-formaldehyde resin, gelatin-gum arabic composite, polyurea, polyurethane, or cross-linked acrylate.

[0050] The heating wire is made of one or more composite materials selected from nickel-chromium alloy, iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, and tungsten wire, and has good heating performance and thermal stability.

[0051] The main components of the chemical warning agent are selected from one or more mixtures of ammonium carbonate, ammonium chloride, and ammonium bicarbonate. These compounds have low thermal decomposition temperatures and can decompose upon heating before the fire extinguishing microcapsules are triggered, releasing characteristic gases and achieving an early chemical warning function for fires. In this embodiment, the chemical warning agent uses ammonium carbonate powder, which begins to decompose when heated to above 58°C, producing a large amount of white smoke with a pungent odor, which can promptly warn inspection personnel of the occurrence of a fire. Its decomposition reaction equation is as follows:

[0052]

[0053] The present invention includes multiple sensors, including infrared sensors, smoke sensors, and temperature sensors, all of which are connected to the system controller to form a complete fire monitoring network. Upon detecting flame characteristic signals, the controller comprehensively processes and analyzes the multi-source signals and controls the switching on and off of the heating wire via a drive circuit, thereby providing precise heating to the fire extinguishing layer.

[0054] The controller mentioned above is selected from one of the STM32 series, ESP32 series, or DSP digital signal processors, and has the ability to acquire multiple signals, process complex algorithms, and respond quickly.

[0055] The switching element controlling the heating wire is selected from transistors, MOSFETs, and IGBTs, based on the power requirements and control precision needs of the heating wire, ensuring fast and reliable switching control. In this embodiment, the heating wire is controlled by a MOSFET switch. When multiple sensors collaboratively detect a fire signal, they transmit the signal to the controller, which then precisely controls the heating wire to conduct and heat the wire. When multiple sensors detect that the flame has been extinguished, the switch is automatically turned off, stopping the heating process.

[0056] The controller and all sensors are powered by high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries. The lithium-ion batteries and the controller are housed together in a dedicated metal protective box. The box contains fire-extinguishing pads to prevent thermal runaway of the battery from damaging the system and to protect the controller chip from the effects of a fire environment.

[0057] like Figure 3 As shown in the diagram, this invention provides a flowchart of the process for transmitting the trigger signal of a fire extinguishing patch. The system first amplifies the trigger signal (i.e., the gravity change signal) of the fire extinguishing patch using a signal amplifier and then filters it. The processed gravity signal is then converted into an electrical signal, which is controlled by a controller to activate an ultrasonic drive circuit. An internal vibration energy converter then converts the electrical signal into an ultrasonic vibration signal. This ultrasonic vibration signal propagates through the metal wall of the distribution box and is received by an external vibration energy converter, which converts the mechanical vibration signal back into an electrical signal. After signal amplification and filtering, the patch trigger status signal is finally accurately transmitted to the substation monitoring system.

[0058] The vibration signal mentioned above uses the ultrasonic frequency band, which is beyond the range of human hearing and can effectively avoid noise interference to the surrounding environment.

[0059] The aforementioned energy converter is installed symmetrically, facing each other and pasted on both the inner and outer sides of the metal wall to ensure efficient transmission and accurate reception of vibration signals.

[0060] This invention also provides an intelligent fire extinguishing system with multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patches, comprising:

[0061] Multiple multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patches are installed on the top of the cabinet above the circuit breaker;

[0062] The multi-source fire monitoring unit includes infrared sensors, smoke sensors, and temperature sensors, all of which are electrically connected to the controller.

[0063] The controller is electrically connected to the heating wire drive circuit of the fire extinguishing patch;

[0064] The trigger state transmission unit is electrically connected to the gravity sensor.

[0065] Substation monitoring system: electrically connected to the external vibration energy converter;

[0066] The controller receives signals from multiple sensors and controls the on / off state of the heating wire; the trigger state transmission unit encodes the trigger data from the gravity sensor into an ultrasonic vibration signal, which is then transmitted to the monitoring system through the metal cabinet.

[0067] like Figure 4 As shown in the diagram, this embodiment of the invention provides an installation layout schematic of an intelligent fire suppression system in a distribution box. Multi-layer composite fire suppression patches are installed on the top of the cabinet above the circuit switches, taking into account the density of the fire suppression gas and the rising characteristics of hot airflow. Smoke sensors are also installed on the top of the distribution box for optimal smoke detection. Infrared sensors are installed at an angle slightly above the cabinet to ensure their monitoring range fully covers the interior space. Temperature sensors are installed on the cabinet wall on the side of each circuit switch to monitor abnormal temperatures in real time. The system controller and power supply are encapsulated in a specially designed stainless steel protective box.

[0068] The stainless steel protective box has small fire extinguishing patches attached to its inner wall to absorb heat conducted into the box during a fire, providing additional protection for critical electronic components.

[0069] This invention also provides an active-passive intelligent fire suppression method based on multi-source sensing, using the above-mentioned system, the method comprising the following steps:

[0070] Multi-source fire detection: Utilizes infrared, smoke, and temperature sensors to collect flame / smoke / temperature signals from the target space and outputs them to the controller;

[0071] Fire situation fusion judgment: The controller performs comprehensive processing on the signals to obtain a judgment result of "fire exists" or "fire does not exist";

[0072] Active fire suppression: If the judgment result is "fire exists", the controller drives the heating wire to heat the fire suppression layer, causing the perfluorohexanone microcapsules to release the fire extinguishing agent;

[0073] Trigger status monitoring: The gravity sensor is used to monitor the gravity change of the fire extinguishing layer to obtain the trigger signal of the fire extinguishing patch for "fire extinguishing agent release status and release amount";

[0074] Status signal transmission: The trigger signal of the fire extinguishing patch is an ultrasonic vibration signal, which is transmitted to the outside through the metal cabinet;

[0075] Remote monitoring reception: Externally received vibration signals are analyzed into status information and uploaded to the substation monitoring system for recording and display.

[0076] All the aforementioned sensors, as well as the connecting cables between the smart fire extinguishing patches, the controller, and the power supply, are laid out in a neat and standardized manner, and are fixedly arranged along the four side panels of the distribution box to ensure that the wiring is safe, reliable, and easy to maintain.

[0077] This invention has the following features and effects:

[0078] 1. Multi-layer composite patch structure achieves functional integration: The trigger monitoring layer (gravity sensor) monitors the release status and amount of extinguishing agent in real time, solving the problem of traditional patches lacking trigger status monitoring, and providing data support for post-fire assessment and maintenance; the heat insulation layer (porous ceramic) effectively blocks high temperature and protects the sensor to work normally; the heating wire of the extinguishing layer is controlled by the controller according to the multi-source sensor signals to actively trigger extinguishing and avoid blind spots when the fire source deviates.

[0079] 2. Multi-source sensing enhances fire suppression reliability: Infrared, smoke, and temperature sensors are fused to determine the fire situation. The controller drives the heating wire to heat the fire suppression layer and release perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent. Even if the fire source is far from the patch area, it can still respond and achieve fire suppression without blind spots.

[0080] 3. Solving the problem of signal transmission in confined spaces: The trigger status transmission unit encodes gravity signals into ultrasonic vibrations and transmits them through a metal cabinet, overcoming the Faraday cage effect and enabling remote uploading of fire extinguishing status to the monitoring system, thereby improving the level of intelligent management.

[0081] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. All modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above concepts without creative effort fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patch, characterized in that, It includes a trigger monitoring layer, a heat insulation layer, and a fire extinguishing layer that are stacked and fixed in sequence; The trigger monitoring layer is a gravity sensor; The heat insulation layer is a ceramic sheet made of porous ceramic material, which is disposed between the gravity sensor and the fire extinguishing layer; The fire extinguishing layer includes: a fire extinguishing microcapsule patch, a heating wire embedded in the fire extinguishing microcapsule patch, and a chemical warning agent disposed in a preset hole in the fire extinguishing microcapsule patch; The heating wire is electrically connected to the drive circuit of the external controller. After the external controller detects the fire signal in collaboration with multiple sensors, it controls the heating wire to conduct and heat. When multiple sensors detect that the flame has been extinguished, it switches off the heating wire to stop heating. The gravity sensor is used to monitor the gravity changes of the fire extinguishing layer in real time, determine whether the fire extinguishing agent is released and the amount released, and transmit the trigger status of the fire extinguishing patch to the substation monitoring system to realize remote monitoring of the fire extinguishing process.

2. The multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patch as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing microcapsule patch is made of a heat-responsive material coated with perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent, and is set to be triggered and released at a temperature of 120°C to achieve rapid fire extinguishing; before the fire extinguishing layer is cured, the heating wire is evenly embedded in the fire extinguishing layer to form a heating network; without affecting the distribution of the heating wire, the fire extinguishing layer is perforated to place the chemical warning agent.

3. The multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patch as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The thermally responsive material is the wall material of the microcapsules, selected from one of urea-formaldehyde resin, gelatin-gum arabic composite, polyurea, polyurethane, or cross-linked acrylate.

4. The multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patch as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heating wire is made of one or more composite materials selected from nickel-chromium alloy, iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, and tungsten wire.

5. The multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patch as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main components of the chemical warning agent are selected from one or more mixtures of ammonium carbonate, ammonium chloride, and ammonium bicarbonate.

6. An intelligent fire extinguishing system with multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patches, characterized in that, include: Multiple multi-layer composite fire extinguishing patches as described in any one of claims 1-5 are installed on the top of the cabinet above the circuit switch; The multi-source fire monitoring unit includes an infrared sensor, a smoke sensor, and a temperature sensor, all of which are electrically connected to the controller. The smoke sensor is installed on the top of the distribution box, the infrared sensor is installed at an angle above the cabinet, and the temperature sensor is installed on the cabinet wall on the side of each circuit switch. The controller is electrically connected to the heating wire drive circuit of the fire extinguishing patch; The trigger state transmission unit is electrically connected to the gravity sensor. The substation monitoring system is electrically connected to the external vibration energy converter; The controller receives signals from multiple sensors and controls the on / off state of the heating wire; the trigger state transmission unit encodes the trigger data from the gravity sensor into an ultrasonic vibration signal, which is then transmitted to the substation monitoring system through the metal cabinet.

7. The system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The trigger state transmission unit includes a signal processing module, an internal vibration energy converter, and an external vibration energy converter. The signal processing module is connected to the gravity sensor. The internal vibration energy converter is installed inside the metal cabinet and connected to the signal processing module. The external vibration energy converter is symmetrically installed on the outside of the metal cabinet. The signal processing module is used to encode the patch trigger signal into an ultrasonic vibration signal and transmit it to the internal vibration energy converter; The internal vibration energy converter is used to transmit ultrasonic vibration signals to the external vibration energy converter outside the cabinet by using the metal cabinet as a transmission medium. The external vibration energy converter is used to restore the ultrasonic vibration signal into state information, which is then transmitted to the substation monitoring system.

8. An active-passive intelligent fire extinguishing method based on multi-source sensing, characterized in that, The method, performed using the system of claim 7, comprises the following steps: Multi-source fire detection: Utilizes infrared, smoke, and temperature sensors to collect flame / smoke / temperature signals from the target space and outputs them to the controller; Fire situation fusion judgment: The controller performs comprehensive processing on the signals to obtain a judgment result of "fire exists" or "fire does not exist"; Active fire suppression: If the judgment result is "fire exists", the controller drives the heating wire to heat the fire suppression layer, causing the perfluorohexanone microcapsules to release the fire extinguishing agent; Trigger status monitoring: The gravity sensor is used to monitor the gravity change of the fire extinguishing layer to obtain the trigger signal of the fire extinguishing patch for "fire extinguishing agent release status and release amount"; Status signal transmission: The trigger signal of the fire extinguishing patch is an ultrasonic vibration signal, which is transmitted to the outside through the metal cabinet; Remote monitoring reception: External vibration signals are received and parsed into status information, which is then uploaded to the substation monitoring system for recording and display.

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