Horizontal numerical control grinder for grinding internal thread

Abstract

This invention belongs to the technical field of internal thread grinding machines, specifically a horizontal CNC grinding machine for internal thread grinding, comprising a machine tool, wherein a first slide plate and a second slide plate are slidably arranged on the machine tool, a workpiece housing is fixedly arranged on the first slide plate, a three-jaw chuck is arranged on the workpiece housing, a grinding wheel housing is arranged on the second slide plate, an electric spindle is installed in the grinding wheel housing, a grinding wheel spindle is driven by the power output end of the electric spindle, a second sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the grinding wheel spindle, a first sleeve is fixedly connected to one end of the second sleeve, a grinding wheel sub-spindle is rotatably arranged inside the first sleeve, a grinding wheel is fixedly connected to the end of the grinding wheel sub-spindle, a flexible coupling is driven between the grinding wheel sub-spindle and the grinding wheel spindle, an annular gap is left between the second sleeve and the grinding wheel spindle, a water inlet communicating with the annular gap is provided on the second sleeve, and multiple water spray nozzles are opened on the outer wall of the second sleeve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of internal thread grinding machines, specifically a horizontal CNC grinding machine for internal thread grinding. Background Technology

[0002] Internal thread grinding is a key process for high-precision internal thread machining and is widely used in high-end manufacturing fields such as molds, hydraulic valves, and aerospace precision parts. Internal thread horizontal CNC grinding machines are usually composed of a bed, workpiece clamping spindle, grinding wheel spindle, slide feed mechanism, CNC system, and cooling and lubrication system. The precision grinding and shaping of internal thread teeth is achieved through the rotational motion of the grinding wheel relative to the workpiece and the axial feed motion. At present, traditional horizontal internal thread CNC grinding machines have many inherent technical defects in terms of structural layout and machining control, especially in the precision machining of deep hole internal threads.

[0003] For example, an internal thread grinding machine with publication number CN120438733A includes a bed, a worktable, a workpiece support mechanism, at least two grinding mechanisms, and a controller. The controller is used to control the workpiece support mechanism to drive the shaft-like workpiece to rotate around its centerline, and to control a pair of opposing grinding rods to move relative to the shaft-like workpiece to perform internal thread grinding. The internal thread grinding action is as follows: a pair of opposing grinding rods extend from both ends of the shaft-like workpiece into the center hole to grind the internal thread synchronously. The grinding wheels of the pair of opposing grinding rods move at least along the centerline direction from their respective grinding start points to grinding end points to complete the internal thread grinding process.

[0004] Although this solution is designed for machining deeper and longer internal threads, the following problems still exist: 1. This solution can only be used to process workpieces that have both ends of the pipe, and it is not applicable to the internal thread processing of deep holes, resulting in limited application scenarios.

[0005] 2. Traditional horizontal internal thread grinding machines mostly use ball screw transmission structures for axial and radial feed drive mechanisms. Ball screws have backlash, elastic deformation and creep phenomena during transmission, which makes it difficult to meet the high positioning accuracy and high dynamic response requirements of internal thread grinding. The transmission rigidity is insufficient and the following error is large, which directly affects the tooth profile accuracy, pitch accuracy and surface quality of the internal thread, and cannot adapt to the grinding requirements of high-precision internal threads.

[0006] 3. When performing deep hole internal thread grinding, the grinding wheel needs to extend into the deep hole of the workpiece. The grinding wheel shank needs to be designed as a slender structure to extend into the bottom of the hole, resulting in an excessively long overhang lever arm of the shank and a significant decrease in the overall structural rigidity. Under the action of high-speed grinding and continuous cutting force, the shank is prone to bending deformation and radial runout, which in turn causes the grinding wheel to generate severe vibration. This results in poor stability of the grinding process and problems such as vibration marks, excessive waviness, and tooth distortion on the surface of the internal thread, which seriously reduces the machining accuracy and product qualification rate.

[0007] 4. A large amount of grinding heat is generated during internal thread grinding. Emulsion needs to be continuously sprayed into the grinding area to achieve cooling, lubrication and chip removal. Traditional cooling methods use emulsion to spray from the outside of the workpiece hole inward. The emulsion is difficult to pass through the narrow channel to effectively reach the deep grinding position. The cooling effect is greatly reduced, which can easily lead to problems such as local overheating in the grinding area, grinding wheel dulling, workpiece thermal deformation and burning. At the same time, it cannot remove the chips generated by grinding in time, which aggravates grinding wheel wear and workpiece scratches and affects the processing stability.

[0008] 5. During deep hole internal thread grinding, due to the long lever arm of the tool holder, excessive grinding feed rate and depth of cut can easily cause grinding wheel runout, which directly determines the grinding quality and machining stability. However, the grinding wheel is always located inside the deep hole of the workpiece, in a closed or semi-closed shielded state. It is difficult for operators and detection systems to observe the grinding status, runout amplitude and wear of the grinding wheel in real time, intuitively and accurately. It is impossible to adjust the grinding parameters in real time and control the process in a closed loop, resulting in difficulty in controlling the grinding quality and a high scrap rate. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention addresses the technical problem of enabling high-precision linear movement of the first and second slide plates by incorporating a grating ruler and a grating read / write head. Compared to the traditional four-cylinder ball bearing system with a servo motor, this method offers higher drive efficiency and faster response. Furthermore, the inclusion of a chuck electric spindle and an electric spindle allows the workpiece and deep-hole grinding components to obtain precise and stable rotational kinetic energy. The hydraulic rotary table can also be used for angle compensation during the grinding of internal thread walls. By incorporating a second sleeve to strengthen the structural strength of the grinding wheel spindle, the runout of the grinding wheel spindle and grinding wheel during deep-hole internal thread grinding is effectively reduced, thereby improving machining accuracy and reducing the risk of grinding wheel spindle breakage. This is achieved by injecting water... Cutting emulsion is injected into the nozzle, and the emulsion flows through the annular gap between the second sleeve and the grinding wheel spindle to the end of the deep hole grinding component. This directly and effectively applies the emulsion to the machining position. By setting centrifugal blades, the emulsion is evenly ejected from each nozzle under the high-speed rotation of the grinding wheel spindle and the centrifugal blades. Combined with the nozzles that are tilted towards the grinding wheel, the jets ejected from the nozzles are sufficient to reach the grinding position of the grinding wheel. During the machining process, the Hall sensor detects the neodymium magnet in real time, and then controls the feed speed of the first slide plate. At the same time, the rotation speed of the three-jaw chuck is reduced until the grinding wheel returns to a stable state. Then, the feed rate and feed speed are gradually increased. While maximizing the feed speed to improve machining efficiency, the grinding effect is effectively ensured and the machining quality is improved.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a horizontal CNC grinding machine for internal thread grinding, comprising: The machine tool has two sets of mutually perpendicular support platforms. A first slide plate and a second slide plate are slidably mounted on the two support platforms along their length. A workpiece housing is fixedly mounted on the first slide plate, and a three-jaw chuck for clamping the workpiece is horizontally mounted on the workpiece housing. A grinding wheel housing is mounted on the second slide plate, and an electric spindle passes through the grinding wheel housing. A deep hole grinding component is driven at the power output end of the electric spindle. The deep hole grinding component includes a grinding wheel spindle, which is drivenly connected to the power output end of the electric spindle. A second sleeve, which remains stationary relative to the grinding wheel housing, is fitted around the outer side of the grinding wheel spindle. A first sleeve is fixedly connected to the end of the second sleeve away from the electric spindle. A grinding wheel sub-spindle, which is rotatably mounted inside the first sleeve and has an angle with the axis of the grinding wheel spindle, is rotatably mounted. A grinding wheel is fixedly connected to the end of the grinding wheel sub-spindle extending out of the first sleeve. A flexible coupling drivesly connects the grinding wheel sub-spindle and the grinding wheel spindle.

[0011] Furthermore, an annular gap is left between the second sleeve and the grinding wheel spindle. A water inlet communicating with the annular gap is provided at the end of the second sleeve near the electric spindle. Multiple water spray nozzles communicating with the annular gap are evenly opened on the outer wall of the second sleeve near the grinding wheel spindle. Each water spray nozzle is inclined and points towards the grinding wheel. Centrifugal blades are provided on the grinding wheel spindle near the water spray nozzles. The centrifugal blades are smoothly transitioned to the surface of the grinding wheel spindle. Multiple drainage grooves are opened on the surface of the second sleeve along the axis of the second sleeve at the intervals between each water spray nozzle.

[0012] Furthermore, a pump housing is fixedly connected to the outer casing of the electric spindle near its power output end. A pump cover, which is fixedly connected to the second sleeve, is fixedly connected to the end of the pump housing. An internal meshing pump assembly is provided between the pump housing and the pump cover. The power input end of the internal meshing pump assembly passes through the pump housing and is fixedly connected to the end of the grinding wheel spindle and the power output end of the electric spindle, respectively. The outer casing of the pump housing is provided with an inlet and an outlet that communicate with the interior of the internal meshing pump assembly. A connecting pipe is provided between the outlet and the injection port.

[0013] Furthermore, a neodymium magnet is embedded on one side of the first sleeve, and a detection bracket is provided on the grinding wheel box on the side corresponding to the neodymium magnet. A sliding groove is provided at the end of the detection bracket, and a support rod is slidably arranged in the sliding groove. The surface of the support rod is threaded and fixed to the sliding groove by a nut. A Hall sensor corresponding to the position of the neodymium magnet is provided at the end of the support rod near the first sleeve.

[0014] Furthermore, a rotary cylinder is fixedly connected to one side of the grinding wheel housing, and a rotary connecting arm is driven to the power output end of the rotary cylinder. An internal diameter measuring instrument for detecting the quality of thread processing is fixedly connected to one end of the rotary connecting arm pointing towards the three-jaw chuck. A dressing motor is fixedly connected to one side of the workpiece housing, and a dressing diamond roller is driven to the power output end of the dressing motor pointing towards the grinding wheel.

[0015] Furthermore, a splicing seat is detachably provided on the first slide plate on the side opposite to the workpiece box. A gripper cylinder is fixedly provided on the splicing seat. Two wheel seats for gripping and restricting the end of the workpiece are fixedly provided on the two grippers of the gripper cylinder. Multiple abutment wheels for rolling contact with the workpiece surface are rotatably provided at the end of the wheel seats.

[0016] Furthermore, each of the support platforms is provided with a set of linear guide rails along the straight direction of the support platform. The first slide plate and the second slide plate are slidably connected to the corresponding linear guide rails. A linear motor is arranged parallel to each set of linear guide rails. The power output end of each linear motor is connected to the corresponding first slide plate and the second slide plate in a transmission connection.

[0017] Furthermore, each set of linear guide rails is fixedly connected to one side of a grating ruler, and the first and second slide plates are fixedly connected to the side of the corresponding grating ruler with grating read / write heads, and the read / write end of each grating read / write head points to the corresponding grating ruler.

[0018] Furthermore, a chuck electric spindle is provided on the workpiece housing, and the power output end of the chuck electric spindle is connected to the three-jaw chuck. A hydraulic turntable for adjusting the tilt angle of the grinding wheel housing is provided on the second slide plate. The power output end of the hydraulic turntable is connected to a rotating seat, and the grinding wheel housing is adjustablely mounted on the rotating seat.

[0019] In summary, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) By setting up a grating ruler and a grating read / write head, the first slide and the second slide can achieve high-precision linear movement. Compared with the traditional ball four-cylinder feed method with servo motor, the drive efficiency is higher and the response speed is faster. The chuck electric spindle and the electric spindle enable the workpiece and the deep hole grinding parts to obtain accurate and stable rotational kinetic energy. The hydraulic turntable can also be used for angle compensation of the inner tooth wall of the grinding thread.

[0020] (2) By setting a second sleeve to strengthen the structural strength of the grinding wheel spindle, the runout of the grinding wheel spindle and the grinding wheel during the grinding of the internal thread of the deep hole is effectively reduced, thereby improving the machining accuracy and reducing the risk of grinding wheel spindle breakage.

[0021] (3) By injecting cutting emulsion into the water inlet, the emulsion flows through the annular gap between the second sleeve and the grinding wheel spindle to the end of the deep hole grinding component, directly and effectively applying the emulsion to the processing position. Furthermore, by setting centrifugal blades, the emulsion is evenly thrown out from each water nozzle under the high-speed rotation of the grinding wheel spindle and the centrifugal blades. Combined with the water nozzles that are tilted and pointing towards the grinding wheel, the jets sprayed from the water nozzles are sufficient to reach the grinding processing position of the grinding wheel.

[0022] (4) During the processing, the Hall sensor detects the neodymium magnet in real time, and then controls the feed speed of the first slide plate. At the same time, the rotation speed of the three-jaw chuck is reduced until the grinding wheel returns to a stable state. Then the feed amount and feed speed are gradually increased. While increasing the feed speed as much as possible to improve processing efficiency, the grinding effect is effectively ensured and the processing quality is improved. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present patent.

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram from another perspective of this patent.

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point C.

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point D.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a top view of the present patent.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a deep hole grinding component.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the second sleeve.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a front view of the deep hole grinding component.

[0032] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Sectional view at point AA.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: Machine tool 10; Support table 11; Linear guide rail 12; Linear motor 13; First slide plate 14; Second slide plate 15; Grating ruler 16; Grating reader / writer head 17; Workpiece box 18; Three-jaw chuck 19; Hydraulic rotary table 20; Rotary seat 21; Grinding wheel box 22; Electric spindle 23; Pump housing 24; Internal meshing pump assembly 25; Inlet 26; Outlet 27; Pump cover 28; Grinding wheel spindle 29; Grinding wheel counterspindle 30; Grinding wheel 31; Flexible Coupling 32; First sleeve 33; Second sleeve 34; Centrifugal blade 35; Spray nozzle 36; Drainage trough 37; Inlet 38; Connecting pipe 39; Neodymium magnet 40; Detection bracket 41; Slide 42; Support rod 43; Hall sensor 44; Rotary cylinder 45; Rotary connecting arm 46; Inner diameter gauge 47; Splicing seat 48; Gripper cylinder 49; Wheel seat 50; Abutment wheel 51; Dressing motor 52; Dressing diamond roller 53; Chuck electric spindle 54. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figure 1-10As shown, a horizontal CNC grinding machine for internal thread grinding includes a machine tool 10. Two support platforms 11 are respectively arranged on the machine tool 10, perpendicular to each other. Each support platform 11 has a set of linear guide rails 12 arranged along its length. A first slide plate 14 and a second slide plate 15 are slidably arranged on the two sets of linear guide rails 12. The ends of the support platform 11 and linear guide rail 12 corresponding to the second slide plate 15 abut against one side of the support platform 11 and linear guide rail 12 corresponding to the first slide plate 14. A linear motor 13 parallel to the linear guide rail 12 is arranged in the middle of each set of linear guide rails 12. The power output end of each linear motor 13 is connected to the corresponding first slide plate 14 and second slide plate 15. A grating ruler 16 is fixedly connected to one side of each set of linear guide rails 12. A grating read / write head 17 is fixedly connected to the side of the first slide plate 14 and second slide plate 15 near the corresponding grating ruler 16. The read / write end of each grating read / write head 17 points to the corresponding grating ruler 16.

[0036] like Figure 1-10 As shown, a workpiece housing 18 is fixedly connected to the first slide plate 14, and a chuck electric spindle 54 is fixedly connected to the workpiece housing 18. The power output end of the chuck electric spindle 54 is driven by a horizontally arranged three-jaw chuck 19 for clamping the workpiece. A hydraulic rotary table 20 is fixedly connected to the second slide plate 15, and a rotary seat 21 is driven by the power output end of the hydraulic rotary table 20. A grinding wheel housing 22 is adjustablely arranged on the rotary seat 21 along the line connecting its edge to its center. An electric spindle 23 is arranged in the grinding wheel housing 22 parallel to the axis of the three-jaw chuck 19. A deep hole grinding component is driven by the power output end of the electric spindle 23.

[0037] By setting up a three-jaw chuck 19 and a deep hole grinding component, the grinding of the internal threads of the workpiece can be achieved, especially for workpieces with deep holes. By setting up a grating ruler 16 and a grating read / write head 17, high-precision linear movement of the first slide plate 14 and the second slide plate 15 can be achieved. Compared with the traditional four-cylinder ball bearing combined with a servo motor for feeding, the driving efficiency is higher and the response speed is faster. The setting of the chuck electric spindle 54 and the electric spindle 23 enables the workpiece and the deep hole grinding component to obtain accurate and stable rotational kinetic energy. The setting of the hydraulic rotary table 20 can also be used for angle compensation of the internal tooth wall of the grinding thread.

[0038] like Figure 1-10As shown, the deep hole grinding component includes a grinding wheel spindle 29, which is connected to the power output end of an electric spindle 23. A second sleeve 34 is fitted on the outside of the grinding wheel spindle 29. A first sleeve 33 is fixedly connected to the end of the second sleeve 34 away from the electric spindle 23. A grinding wheel sub-shaft 30 is rotatably arranged inside the first sleeve 33, which has an angle with the axis of the grinding wheel spindle 29. A grinding wheel 31 is fixedly connected to the end of the grinding wheel sub-shaft 30 that extends out of the first sleeve 33. A flexible coupling 32 is connected between the grinding wheel sub-shaft 30 and the grinding wheel spindle 29.

[0039] By setting a second sleeve 34 to strengthen the structural strength of the grinding wheel spindle 29, the runout of the grinding wheel spindle 29 and the grinding wheel 31 during the grinding of deep hole internal threads is effectively reduced, thereby improving the machining accuracy and reducing the risk of grinding wheel spindle 29 breakage.

[0040] Furthermore, if internal thread grinding is required for deep holes, the traditional method of tilting and rotating the grinding wheel spindle 29 and grinding wheel 31 for grinding is not applicable. In deeper areas, the allowable tilt angle of the grinding wheel spindle 29 is limited, making it impossible for the grinding wheel 31 to obtain a good tilt grinding angle. However, by using the grinding wheel spindle 29 and the second sleeve 34 to be coaxial with the deep hole of the workpiece, the grinding wheel 31 at the end can obtain a fixed tilt angle, ensuring that the grinding wheel 31 is always at a good and stable tilt grinding angle when grinding deep holes, thus improving the processing effect.

[0041] The flexible coupling 32 between the grinding wheel spindle 29 and the grinding wheel counterspindle 30 enables stable power transmission between the two shafts, which are tilted and misaligned. Compared to using universal joints or bevel gears, this method greatly reduces the complexity of the transmission structure, thereby reducing the failure rate. Furthermore, compared to setting up a complex transmission structure, this method can effectively reduce the space occupied by the transmission structure, thereby effectively reducing the size of the end of the deep hole grinding component to adapt to grinding work on deep holes with smaller diameters.

[0042] like Figure 1-10 As shown, an annular gap is left between the second sleeve 34 and the grinding wheel spindle 29. A water inlet 38 communicating with the annular gap is provided at the end of the second sleeve 34 near the electric spindle 23. Multiple water spray nozzles 36 communicating with the annular gap are evenly opened on the outer wall of the second sleeve 34 near the grinding wheel sub-spindle 30. Each water spray nozzle 36 is inclined and points towards the grinding wheel 31. Centrifugal blades 35 are provided on the grinding wheel spindle 29 near the water spray nozzles 36. The centrifugal blades 35 are smoothly transitioned to the surface of the grinding wheel spindle 29. Multiple drainage grooves 37 are opened on the surface of the second sleeve 34 along the axial direction of the second sleeve 34 at the intervals between each water spray nozzle 36.

[0043] By injecting cutting emulsion into the water inlet 38, the emulsion flows through the annular gap between the second sleeve 34 and the grinding wheel spindle 29 to the end of the deep hole grinding component, and finally the emulsion is sprayed out from the water nozzle 36 to act on the grinding area, thereby providing effective cooling to the processing area located deep inside the workpiece.

[0044] Moreover, compared with the traditional method of spraying emulsion into the hole from the periphery of the workpiece, this method can more directly and effectively apply the emulsion to the processing position, and will not be blocked by the second sleeve 34 and the grinding wheel spindle 29, which would prevent the emulsion from reaching the grinding processing position directly.

[0045] Furthermore, by setting centrifugal blades 35, when the emulsion reaches the nozzle 36, under the high-speed rotation of the grinding wheel spindle 29 and centrifugal blades 35, the emulsion is evenly thrown out from each nozzle 36. The centrifugal force generated by the blades is used to pressurize the emulsion injected into the annular gap. Combined with the nozzles 36 that are tilted towards the grinding wheel 31, the jet sprayed from the nozzles 36 is sufficient to reach the grinding position of the grinding wheel 31. The excess emulsion and metal chips generated by grinding can be guided out of the hole through the drainage groove 37.

[0046] like Figure 1-10 As shown, a pump housing 24 is fixedly connected to the outer shell of the electric spindle 23 near its power output end. A pump cover 28, which is fixedly connected to the second sleeve 34, is fixedly connected to the end of the pump housing 24. An internal meshing pump assembly 25 is provided between the pump housing 24 and the pump cover 28. The power input end of the internal meshing pump assembly 25 passes through the pump housing 24 and is fixedly connected to the end of the grinding wheel spindle 29 and the power output end of the electric spindle 23, respectively. The outer shell of the pump housing 24 is provided with an inlet 26 and an outlet 27 that communicate with the inside of the internal meshing pump assembly 25. A connecting pipe 39 is provided between the outlet 27 and the injection port 38.

[0047] By setting up the pump housing 24, the internal gear pump assembly 25 and the pump cover 28 to form an internal gear pump assembly, the emulsion can be pumped directly using the power output from the electric spindle 23 to provide a stable and continuous emulsion flow to the water inlet 38 without consuming additional energy. At the same time, the internal gear pump assembly and the deep hole grinding components can be removed together and replaced with traditional grinding wheels to be suitable for ordinary internal thread grinding processing scenarios. The replacement can be completed without adding an additional pump assembly to the whole machine.

[0048] Since the internal gear pump unit is located at the root of the deep hole grinding component, the vibration generated during its operation will not be transmitted excessively to the end of the deep hole grinding component, thus ensuring that the grinding wheel 31 always maintains a stable rotating grinding state.

[0049] like Figure 1-10As shown, a neodymium magnet 40 is embedded on one side of the first sleeve 33. A detection bracket 41 is provided on the grinding wheel box 22 on the side corresponding to the neodymium magnet 40. A sliding groove 42 is provided at the end of the detection bracket 41. A support rod 43 is slidably arranged in the sliding groove 42. The surface of the support rod 43 is threaded and fixed to the sliding groove 42 by a nut. A Hall sensor 44 corresponding to the position of the neodymium magnet 40 is provided at one end of the support rod 43 near the first sleeve 33.

[0050] During deep hole grinding, the grinding wheel 31 has a long lever arm. If the grinding feed rate and feed amount are too large, the grinding wheel 31 is prone to jumping, which will affect the grinding quality. However, since the grinding wheel 31 is always deep in the hole of the workpiece during the machining process, it is difficult to detect and judge the state of the grinding wheel 31 in real time, and it is difficult to control the actual grinding quality.

[0051] By setting a neodymium magnet 40 and a Hall sensor 44 at the corresponding position of the neodymium magnet 40 on the outside of the workpiece, the neodymium magnet 40 can be detected in real time. This allows for direct detection of the state of the grinding wheel 31 without obstruction by the workpiece or the hole depth, thereby providing feedback adjustment to the feed rate. This ensures that the feed rate is appropriate and prevents the grinding wheel 31 from jumping, which would affect the machining quality. The support rod 43 can adjust the distance between the Hall sensor 44 and the neodymium magnet 40, thus adapting to workpieces of different thicknesses for detection. This solution is best suited for workpieces made of non-ferromagnetic materials.

[0052] like Figure 1-10 As shown, a rotary cylinder 45 is fixedly connected to one side of the grinding wheel housing 22. The power output end of the rotary cylinder 45 is driven by a rotary connecting arm 46. The end of the rotary connecting arm 46 pointing towards the three-jaw chuck 19 is fixedly connected to an inner diameter measuring instrument 47 used to detect the quality of thread processing. A dressing motor 52 is fixedly connected to one side of the workpiece housing 18. The power output end of the dressing motor 52 points towards the grinding wheel 31 and is driven by a dressing diamond roller 53. A splicing seat 48 is detachably provided on the first slide plate 14 on the side opposite to the workpiece housing 18. A clamping cylinder 49 is fixedly provided on the splicing seat 48. Two wheel seats 50 for clamping and restricting the end of the workpiece are fixedly provided on the two jaws of the clamping cylinder 49. Multiple abutment wheels 51 for rolling contact with the surface of the workpiece are rotatably provided at the end of the wheel seats 50.

[0053] By setting a rotary cylinder 45, the grinding position can be calibrated using an inner diameter gauge 47 at the beginning of processing, or contact testing can be performed using an inner diameter gauge 47 after processing to determine the quality of the finished product. By setting a dressing diamond roller 53, the grinding wheel 31 can be dressed before each grinding operation, ensuring that the grinding wheel 31 always maintains a stable and excellent processing state. At the same time, during the processing of long shaft workpieces with deep holes, in order to ensure the stable rotation of the workpiece, the wheel seat 50 and the abutment wheel 51 can be set to assist in positioning and clamping the end of the workpiece, thereby ensuring that the workpiece maintains a relatively stable state during the grinding process.

[0054] In this embodiment, initially, the operator connects the device to the power supply and control system. The water inlet 26 is connected to the water tank filled with emulsion through a hose. The operator installs the long shaft workpiece to be processed on the three-jaw chuck 19, then adds the splicing seat 48 and controls the jaw cylinder 49 to drive the two wheel seats 50 to close together, so that the two sets of abutting wheels 51 abut against the surface of the end of the long shaft workpiece to assist in clamping and positioning it.

[0055] Then, the control system automatically drives the second slide plate 15 to move closer to the first slide plate 14, and controls the tilt angle of the grinding wheel box 22 and the deep hole grinding component through the hydraulic turntable 20. At the same time, it controls the first slide plate 14 to move in a straight line until the grinding wheel 31 is accurately aligned with the dressing motor 52. The dressing motor 52 drives the dressing diamond roller 53 to rotate at high speed, and at the same time controls the electric spindle 23 to drive the grinding wheel 31 to rotate at high speed, so that the dressing diamond roller 53 performs dressing action on the edge of the grinding wheel 31, so that the grinding wheel 31 is in an excellent processing state.

[0056] Then, each linear motor 13 is controlled again to drive the first slide plate 14 and the second slide plate 15 to move, so that the rotating connecting arm 46 makes contact detection with the end of the workpiece and its hole circumference, in order to determine the hole position and calibrate the subsequent movement accuracy, so as to ensure the accuracy of the subsequent processing position and improve the processing quality. Then, the first slide plate 14 and the second slide plate 15 are controlled again to control the alignment of the grinding wheel 31 with the end of the workpiece. The electric spindle 23 drives the grinding wheel spindle 29 to rotate at high speed, and drives the grinding wheel sub-spindle 30 and the grinding wheel 31 to rotate at high speed through the flexible coupling 32.

[0057] At the same time, the internal meshing pump group 25 operates to continuously pump emulsion, injecting the emulsion into the annular gap between the grinding wheel spindle 29 and the second sleeve 34 through the connecting pipe 39. The emulsion is finally sprayed out from the spray nozzle 36, controlling the first slide plate 14 to move the workpiece, thereby causing the grinding wheel 31 to gradually extend into the hole of the workpiece and drive the three-jaw chuck 19 to rotate the workpiece, thereby causing the grinding wheel 31 to grind the hole wall of the workpiece to form threads. At the same time, the emulsion acts on the grinding position to cool the grinding process.

[0058] As the grinding process deepens and the grinding wheel 31 reaches deeper into the workpiece hole, the traditional method of adding emulsion is difficult to make the emulsion reach such a depth. Furthermore, the obstruction of the grinding wheel spindle 29 makes it even more difficult for the emulsion to penetrate. Therefore, by supplying emulsion through the annular gap between the grinding wheel spindle 29 and the second sleeve 34, the emulsion can be effectively supplied to the deep processing position. By setting centrifugal blades 35 to apply secondary pressure at the water nozzle 36, the oil sprayed from the water nozzle 36 can be smoothly supplied to the processing area.

[0059] During the machining process, the Hall sensor 44 detects the neodymium magnet 40 in real time. If there is obvious jumping at the end of the deep hole grinding component, the waveform detected by the Hall sensor 44 will produce obvious irregular fluctuations. When the hole system recognizes this fluctuation, it determines that the feed rate is too large, causing the grinding wheel 31 to jump during grinding. Then, it feeds back to control the feed rate of the first slide plate 14 and reduces the rotation speed of the three-jaw chuck 19 until the grinding wheel 31 returns to a stable state. Then, it gradually increases the feed rate and feed speed. While maximizing the feed rate to improve machining efficiency, it effectively ensures the grinding effect and improves the machining quality.

[0060] After processing is completed, each workpiece is reset, and the inner diameter gauge 47 is inserted into the hole again to check the processing position. Then the operator removes the processed workpiece, completing all processing steps.

[0061] The specification and claims use certain terms to refer to specific components. Those skilled in the art will understand that hardware manufacturers may use different names to refer to the same component. This specification and claims do not distinguish components based on differences in name, but rather on differences in function. The term "comprising" throughout the specification and claims is an open-ended term and should be interpreted as "comprising but not limited to." "Approximately" means that within an acceptable margin of error, those skilled in the art can solve the technical problem and substantially achieve the technical effect within a certain margin of error.

[0062] It should be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product or system comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a product or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the product or system that includes said element.

[0063] The foregoing description illustrates and describes several preferred embodiments of this application. However, as previously stated, it should be understood that this application is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the application concept described herein through the foregoing teachings or techniques or knowledge in related fields. Any modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of this application should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A horizontal CNC grinding machine for internal thread grinding, characterized in that, The horizontal CNC grinding machine for internal thread grinding includes: The machine tool (10) is provided with two sets of mutually perpendicular support platforms (11). A first slide plate (14) and a second slide plate (15) are slidably arranged on the two support platforms (11) along the length direction of the support platform (11). A workpiece box (18) is fixedly arranged on the first slide plate (14). A three-jaw chuck (19) for clamping the workpiece is horizontally arranged on the workpiece box (18). A grinding wheel box (22) is arranged on the second slide plate (15). An electric spindle (23) is inserted in the grinding wheel box (22). A deep hole grinding component is driven at the power output end of the electric spindle (23). The deep hole grinding component includes a grinding wheel spindle (29), which is connected to the power output end of an electric spindle (23). A second sleeve (34) is fitted on the outside of the grinding wheel spindle (29) and remains stationary relative to the grinding wheel housing (22). A first sleeve (33) is fixedly connected to the end of the second sleeve (34) away from the electric spindle (23). A grinding wheel sub-shaft (30) with an inclination angle to the axis of the grinding wheel spindle (29) is rotatably arranged inside the first sleeve (33). A grinding wheel (31) is fixedly connected to the end of the grinding wheel sub-shaft (30) that extends out of the first sleeve (33). A flexible coupling (32) is connected between the grinding wheel sub-shaft (30) and the grinding wheel spindle (29).

2. The horizontal CNC grinding machine for internal thread grinding according to claim 1, characterized in that, An annular gap is left between the second sleeve (34) and the grinding wheel spindle (29). A water inlet (38) communicating with the annular gap is provided at the end of the second sleeve (34) near the electric spindle (23). Multiple water spray nozzles (36) communicating with the annular gap are evenly opened on the outer wall of the second sleeve (34) near the grinding wheel sub-spindle (30). Each water spray nozzle (36) is inclined towards the direction near the grinding wheel (31). Centrifugal blades (35) are provided on the grinding wheel spindle (29) near the water spray nozzles (36). The centrifugal blades (35) are smoothly transitioned with the surface of the grinding wheel spindle (29). Multiple drainage grooves (37) are opened on the surface of the second sleeve (34) at the intervals between each water spray nozzle (36) along the axis of the second sleeve (34).

3. The horizontal CNC grinding machine for internal thread grinding according to claim 2, characterized in that, A pump housing (24) is fixedly connected to the outer shell of the electric spindle (23) near its power output end. A pump cover (28) is fixedly connected to the end of the pump housing (24) and fixedly connected to the second sleeve (34). An internal meshing pump assembly (25) is provided between the pump housing (24) and the pump cover (28). The power input end of the internal meshing pump assembly (25) passes through the pump housing (24) and is fixedly connected to the end of the grinding wheel spindle (29) and the power output end of the electric spindle (23), respectively. An inlet (26) and an outlet (27) communicating with the inside of the internal meshing pump assembly (25) are respectively provided on the outer shell of the pump housing (24). A connecting pipe (39) is provided between the outlet (27) and the injection port (38).

4. The horizontal CNC grinding machine for internal thread grinding according to claim 3, characterized in that, A neodymium magnet (40) is embedded on one side of the first sleeve (33). A detection bracket (41) is provided on the grinding wheel box (22) on the side corresponding to the neodymium magnet (40). A sliding groove (42) is provided at the end of the detection bracket (41). A support rod (43) is slidably provided in the sliding groove (42). The surface of the support rod (43) is threaded and fixed to the sliding groove (42) by a nut. A Hall sensor (44) corresponding to the position of the neodymium magnet (40) is provided at one end of the support rod (43) near the first sleeve (33).

5. The horizontal CNC grinding machine for internal thread grinding according to claim 4, characterized in that, A rotary cylinder (45) is fixedly connected to one side of the grinding wheel housing (22). A rotary connecting arm (46) is driven to the power output end of the rotary cylinder (45). An internal diameter measuring instrument (47) for detecting the quality of thread processing is fixedly connected to one end of the rotary connecting arm (46) pointing towards the three-jaw chuck (19).

6. The horizontal CNC grinding machine for internal thread grinding according to claim 4, characterized in that, A dressing motor (52) is fixedly connected to one side of the workpiece box (18). The power output end of the dressing motor (52) points to the grinding wheel (31) and is connected to the dressing diamond roller (53).

7. The horizontal CNC grinding machine for internal thread grinding according to claim 4, characterized in that, A splicing seat (48) is detachably provided on the first slide plate (14) on the side opposite to the workpiece box (18). A gripper cylinder (49) is fixedly provided on the splicing seat (48). Two wheel seats (50) for gripping and restricting the end of the workpiece are fixedly provided on the two grippers of the gripper cylinder (49). Multiple abutment wheels (51) for rolling contact with the surface of the workpiece are rotatably provided at the end of the wheel seat (50).

8. The horizontal CNC grinding machine for internal thread grinding according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each support platform (11) is provided with a set of linear guide rails (12) along the straight direction of the support platform (11). The first slide plate (14) and the second slide plate (15) are slidably connected to the corresponding linear guide rails (12). A linear motor (13) is arranged in parallel in the middle of each set of linear guide rails (12). The power output end of each linear motor (13) is connected to the corresponding first slide plate (14) and second slide plate (15) in a transmission connection.

9. The horizontal CNC grinding machine for internal thread grinding according to claim 8, characterized in that, Each set of linear guide rails (12) is fixedly connected to one side of a grating ruler (16). The first slide plate (14) and the second slide plate (15) are fixedly connected to the side of the corresponding grating ruler (16) with grating read / write heads (17). The read / write end of each grating read / write head (17) points to the corresponding grating ruler (16).

10. The horizontal CNC grinding machine for internal thread grinding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The workpiece housing (18) is provided with a chuck electric spindle (54), the power output end of which is connected to a three-jaw chuck (19) for transmission. The second slide plate (15) is provided with a hydraulic turntable (20) for adjusting the tilt angle of the grinding wheel housing (22), the power output end of which is connected to a rotary seat (21), and the grinding wheel housing (22) is adjustablely mounted on the rotary seat (21).

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