Oil-gas two-phase flow observation test device with double-rotor counter-rotation and axial force loading

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of aero-engine bearing cavity lubrication and cooling system test, and discloses a double-rotor counter-rotation and oil-gas two-phase flow observation test device with axial force loading, which comprises a mounting bottom plate, oppositely arranged first and second motors, and is characterized in that the first motor is sequentially connected with a first transmission shaft, a first rear shaft, a first front shaft, a second shaft, a second loading shaft and a second transmission shaft from the first motor to the second motor, the first rear shaft and the second shaft are respectively sleeved with a first rod bearing and a second ball bearing and are fixedly connected with the mounting bottom plate through a first right bearing seat and a second mounting seat, the first front shaft is sleeved with a first ball bearing and is fixedly connected with the second mounting seat through a first bearing seat, and a first grid disc and an axial force loading mechanism are arranged between the first front shaft and the first rear shaft. The application integrates controllable axial force loading function and can comprehensively simulate the rotating speed, load and multi-rotor coupling environment of the bearing cavity in a real engine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of testing technology for lubrication and cooling systems of aero-engine bearing cavities, and particularly to a test device for observing two-phase flow of oil and gas with dual rotors rotating in opposite directions and axial force loading. Background Technology

[0002] The lubrication and cooling of the bearing cavity in aero-engines are crucial for ensuring safe and reliable operation under high speeds and heavy loads. The complex two-phase flow state of oil and gas within the bearing cavity directly affects the lubrication efficiency of the lubricating oil, the heat dissipation effect of the bearing, and the reliability of the sealing system. Therefore, during the engine development and performance verification phases, it is essential to conduct in-depth research and verification of its oil supply and return design, cooling performance, and internal flow mechanism through experimental methods.

[0003] Existing bearing cavity test devices are mostly single-rotor structures or static simulation devices, which cannot realistically reproduce the complex working environment of aero-engines with dual rotors (high-pressure rotor and low-pressure rotor), especially the counter-rotation effect at high speeds, the aerodynamic coupling between rotor and stator, and the impact of real bearing loads (especially axial loads) on the flow field inside the cavity. In addition, conventional test devices lack in-situ, intuitive means of observing the two-phase flow state of oil and gas inside the bearing cavity, and mostly rely on indirect inlet and outlet parameter measurements, which makes it difficult to reveal key flow details such as oil film distribution, bubble transport, and interphase interactions, thus restricting design optimization and failure mechanism analysis.

[0004] Currently, there is no comprehensive experimental device that can simultaneously achieve high-speed counter-rotation of two rotors, apply controllable axial loads, and directly visualize the flow field inside the bearing cavity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problem that existing experimental methods cannot realistically simulate the complex dynamic conditions of aero-engine bearing cavities and cannot directly observe the internal two-phase flow of oil and gas, this invention proposes a dual-rotor counter-rotating and axially loaded two-phase flow observation experimental device.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: It includes a mounting base plate and a first motor and a second motor fixedly connected to the mounting base plate via a motor mounting bracket. The output shafts of the first motor and the second motor are arranged opposite to each other. A first drive shaft, a first rear shaft, a first front shaft, a second shaft, a second loading shaft, and the second drive shaft are sequentially connected from the first motor to the second motor. A first rod bearing and a second ball bearing are respectively fitted onto the first rear shaft and the second shaft, and are respectively fixedly connected to the mounting base plate via a first right bearing seat and a second mounting seat. A first ball bearing is fitted onto the first front shaft and is fixedly connected to the first bearing seat and... The second mounting base is fixedly connected; the first front axle and the first rear axle are connected by a first toothed disc, and a first pressurized air intake seat is provided on the outside of the first toothed disc. The first pressurized air intake seat is fixedly connected to the first right bearing seat. A first pressurized air intake left sealing ring is provided between the first toothed disc and the first pressurized air intake seat. The inner wall of the first pressurized air intake left sealing ring is engaged with the teeth provided on the outer wall of the first toothed disc. A first pressurized air intake right sealing ring is provided at the connection between the first pressurized air intake seat and the first right bearing seat. The inner wall of the first pressurized air intake right sealing ring is engaged with the first rear axle through the teeth.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment, the second loading shaft is sequentially fitted with a second loading left grate sleeve, a second loading bar bearing, a second loading right grate sleeve, a second bleed air grate sealing sleeve, and a second loading grate disc from near the second motor to near the first motor; on the outer side of the second loading shaft, from near the second motor to near the first motor, a second loading bearing seat, a second bleed air casing, a second bleed air adapter casing, and a second mounting base are sequentially fixedly connected; the second loading bearing seat and the second loading left grate sleeve are connected by a second loading left grate sealing ring, the outer wall of the second loading bar bearing is connected to the second loading bearing seat, the second loading right grate sleeve is connected to the second loading bearing seat by a second loading bearing right sealing ring, the second bleed air grate sealing sleeve is connected to the second bleed air casing by a second bleed air left sealing ring, and the second loading grate disc is connected to the second bleed air adapter casing by a second bleed air right sealing ring.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment, a first left grate bushing and a first right grate bushing are respectively provided on both sides of the first bar bearing, and both the first left grate bushing and the first right grate bushing are sleeved on the first rear shaft; the outer wall of the first right bearing sealing ring is connected to the first right bearing seat, and its inner wall is engaged with the grate teeth of the outer wall of the first left grate bushing; the outer side of the first right grate sealing ring is fixedly connected to the first right bearing seat, and its inner wall is engaged with the grate teeth of the outer wall of the first right grate bushing.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment, the first bearing housing is disposed at the connection between the second shaft and the first front shaft; a first ball bearing right sealing ring is disposed on the side of the first ball bearing near the first front shaft, and the end of the first bearing housing near the first rear shaft is sealed by the first sealing ring; a second grate bushing is disposed on the side of the second mounting base away from the first motor, and a second sealing ring is disposed between the second grate bushing and the second mounting base.

[0010] As a further preferred option, the outer wall of the first bearing housing is also provided with an observation window.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment, the outer wall of the first right bearing housing is also provided with a first rod bearing nozzle, a first right ventilation nozzle, and a spring support oil inlet nozzle; a first rod bearing cage is also provided between the first rod bearing and the first right grate bushing inside the first right bearing housing; the outer wall of the second mounting base is also provided with a second bearing nozzle and a second ventilation nozzle; the outer wall of the second loading bearing housing is provided with a second loading rod bearing nozzle and a second loading ventilation nozzle.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment, the first right bearing housing is also provided with a first oil return nozzle on the side near the mounting base plate; the second mounting seat is also provided with a second oil return nozzle on the side near the mounting base plate; and the outer wall of the second loading bearing housing is also provided with a second loading oil return nozzle.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment, a second ball bearing oil collection ring is provided on the side of the second ball bearing near the first front axle; a first oil slinger ring is provided between the right sealing ring and the first sealing ring of the first ball bearing; a second rod bearing and a second rod bearing oil slinger ring are sleeved on the second shaft at the connection between the first bearing housing and the second mounting base, and the second rod bearing oil slinger ring is located on the side of the second rod bearing near the first front axle.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment, the second mounting base is fixedly connected to the mounting base plate and positioned by a locating pin; the second shaft and the second loading shaft are fixedly connected by a second loading coupling bolt; the first motor and the first drive shaft, and the second motor and the second drive shaft are connected by a coupling.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment, the second bleed air transfer casing and the outer side of the first right bearing housing are provided with several internal hexagon plugs along the circumferential direction.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. The test device provided by this invention realizes high-speed counter-rotation of high-pressure and low-pressure rotors of an aero-engine on a test bench for the first time, and integrates controllable axial force loading function. It can comprehensively simulate the rotational speed, load and multi-rotor coupling environment of the bearing cavity in a real engine, and significantly improve the engineering guidance value of the test data and conclusions.

[0018] 2. The experimental apparatus provided by this invention offers a direct and intuitive observation method. Through a specially designed bearing housing observation window, it enables direct image observation of the complex two-phase flow state of oil and gas inside the bearing cavity. It can directly acquire key flow field information such as oil film distribution and bubble movement, providing irreplaceable direct evidence for a deeper understanding of the lubrication and cooling mechanism, verification of CFD simulation models, and optimization of oil supply and sealing design.

[0019] 3. The testing device provided by this invention has highly integrated functions and replaceable test pieces, integrating multiple systems such as driving, loading, observation, lubrication, and sealing into a compact test bench. The modular component design not only facilitates assembly, debugging, and maintenance but also enhances the device's versatility and scalability, allowing it to adapt to the testing requirements of bearing cavities with different configurations by replacing some components.

[0020] 4. The lubrication system (oil supply pressure, flow rate, temperature) and air system (sealing bleed air pressure, loading air pressure) of the test apparatus provided by this invention can be independently and precisely controlled and monitored. The rotor dynamics have been fully analyzed to ensure the critical speed margin, and comprehensive vibration monitoring and safety protection measures have been designed to ensure the safe and stable conduct of the high-speed rotation test.

[0021] 5. The experimental apparatus provided by this invention is not only an effective tool for verifying the performance of new designs, but can also be used to study the flow evolution process of bearing cavities under extreme working conditions or seal failure, providing an advanced experimental research platform for the mechanism analysis and prevention measures of engine lubrication system failures. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the test apparatus of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the test apparatus of the present invention.

[0024] The image shows:

[0025] 1. Mounting base plate; 2. Positioning pin; 3. Motor mounting bracket; 4. First motor; 5. Second motor; 6. First drive shaft; 7. Second drive shaft; 8. Coupling; 9. First front shaft; 10. First grate disc; 11. First rear shaft; 12. First left grate bushing; 13. First right grate bushing; 14. First oil slinger ring; 15. First right bearing seat; 16. First right bearing sealing ring; 17. First booster air sump; 18. First booster air sump. 19. First pressurized induced air sealing ring; 20. First right grate sealing ring; 21. First rod bearing; 22. First rod bearing nozzle; 23. First rod bearing squirrel cage; 24. Hex socket plug; 25. First right ventilation nozzle; 26. Spring support oil inlet nozzle; 27. First oil return nozzle; 28. First bearing housing; 29. ​​First sealing ring; 30. First ball bearing; 31. First ball bearing right sealing ring; 32. Observation window; 33. Second shaft; 34. Second grate sleeve; 35. Second ball bearing oil collection ring; 36. Second bar bearing oil slinger ring; 37. Second mounting base; 38. Second sealing ring; 39. Second ball bearing; 40. Second bar bearing; 41. Second bearing nozzle; 42. Second ventilation nozzle; 43. Second oil return nozzle; 44. Second loading shaft; 45. Second loading grate disc; 46. Second expiratory grate sealing sleeve; 47. Second loading left grate sleeve; 48. 49. Second loading right grate bushing; 50. Second loading coupling bolt; 51. Second bleed air adapter casing; 52. Second bleed air right sealing ring; 53. Second bleed air casing; 54. Second bleed air left sealing ring; 55. Second loading bearing housing; 56. Second loading rod bearing; 57. Second loading ventilation nozzle; 58. Second loading oil return nozzle; 59. Second loading left grate sealing ring; 60. Second loading bearing right sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The advantages and features of the present invention will be illustrated and explained by the following non-limiting description of preferred embodiments, which are given by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this invention provides a dual-rotor counter-rotating and axially loaded oil-gas two-phase flow observation test device, including a mounting base plate 1, a first motor 4, and a second motor 5. Both the first motor 4 and the second motor 5 are fixedly connected to the mounting base plate 1 via motor mounting supports 3. The output shafts of the first motor 4 and the second motor 5 are arranged opposite to each other. A first drive shaft 6, a first rear shaft 11, a first front shaft 9, a second shaft 33, a second loading shaft 44, and a second drive shaft 7 are sequentially connected from the first motor 4 to the second motor 5. The first motor 4 and the first drive shaft 6, and the second motor 5 and the second drive shaft 7 are connected by... A coupling 8 is used for connection. A first bar bearing 21 is fitted onto the first rear shaft 11, and a first right bearing seat 15 is provided outside the first bar bearing 21. The first right bearing seat 15 is fixedly connected to the mounting base plate 1. A second ball bearing 39 is fitted onto the second shaft 33, and a second mounting seat 37 is provided outside the second ball bearing 39. The second mounting seat 37 is fixedly connected to the mounting base plate 1 and positioned by a locating pin 2. A first ball bearing 30 is fitted onto the first front shaft 9, and a first bearing seat 28 is provided outside the first ball bearing 30. The first bearing seat 28 is fixedly connected to the second mounting seat 37. The second shaft 33 and the second loading shaft 44 are fixedly connected by a second loading coupling bolt 49.

[0028] The mounting base plate 1, the positioning pin 2, and the motor mounting bracket 3 constitute the support system in the test device of the present invention; the first motor 4, the second motor 5, the first transmission shaft 6, the second transmission shaft 7, and the coupling 8 constitute the drive system in the test device of the present invention.

[0029] The first front axle 9 and the first rear axle 11 are connected by a first toothed disc 10, which transmits axial force and rotational kinetic energy. A first pressurized air intake seat 17 is provided on the outside of the first toothed disc 10. The first pressurized air intake seat 17 is fixedly connected to the first right bearing seat 15. A first pressurized air intake left sealing ring 18 is provided between the first toothed disc 10 and the first pressurized air intake seat 17. The outer wall of the first pressurized air intake left sealing ring 18 is connected to the first pressurized air intake seat 17, and its inner wall is engaged with the teeth provided on the outer wall of the first toothed disc 10. A first pressurized air intake right sealing ring 19 is provided at the connection between the first pressurized air intake seat 17 and the first right bearing seat 15. The outer wall of the first pressurized air intake right sealing ring 19 is connected to the first pressurized air intake seat 17, and its inner wall is engaged with the first rear axle 11 through the teeth. The first bar bearing 21 has a first left grate bushing 12 and a first right grate bushing 13 respectively on both sides, and both the first left grate bushing 12 and the first right grate bushing 13 are fitted onto the first rear shaft 11; the outer wall of the first right bearing sealing ring 16 is connected to the first right bearing seat 15, and its inner wall is engaged with the grate teeth of the outer wall of the first left grate bushing 12; the outer side of the first right grate sealing ring 20 is fixedly connected to the first right bearing seat 15, and its inner wall is engaged with the grate teeth of the outer wall of the first right grate bushing 13. The outer wall of the first right bearing seat 15 is also provided with a first bar bearing nozzle 22, a first right ventilation nozzle 25, a spring-loaded oil inlet nozzle 26, and an internal hexagon plug 24; a first bar bearing cage 23 is also provided between the first bar bearing 21 and the first right grate bushing 13 inside the first right bearing seat 15. The first front shaft 9, the first toothed disc 10, the first rear shaft 11, the first left toothed bushing 12, and the first right toothed bushing 13 constitute the high-pressure rotor assembly in the test device of the present invention. The first right bearing seat 15, the first right bearing sealing ring, the first pressurized air intake seat 17, the first pressurized air intake left sealing ring 18, the first pressurized air intake right sealing ring 19, the first right toothed sealing ring 20, the first rod bearing 21, the first rod bearing nozzle 22, the first rod bearing cage 23, the internal hexagon plug 24, the first right ventilation nozzle 25, and the spring support oil inlet nozzle 26 constitute the high-pressure right support assembly in the test device of the present invention. The first right bearing housing 15, the first right bearing sealing ring, the first pressurized bleed air housing 17, the first pressurized bleed air left sealing ring 18, the first pressurized bleed air right sealing ring 19, and the first right grate sealing ring 20 together form a high-pressure bearing cavity to accommodate the first rod bearing 21. This cavity is connected to existing experimental oil and air supply equipment via the first rod bearing nozzle 22, the first right ventilation nozzle 25, and the spring support oil inlet nozzle 26 to provide a high-pressure operating condition similar to the actual operating condition of an aero-engine. The first right bearing housing 15 also has a first oil return nozzle 27 near the mounting base plate 1 for recovering residual oil from the high-pressure bearing cavity.

[0030] The first bearing housing 28 is located at the connection between the second shaft 33 and the first front shaft 9. A first ball bearing right sealing ring 31 is provided on the side of the first ball bearing 30 near the first front shaft 9, and the end of the first bearing housing 28 near the first rear shaft 11 is sealed by a first sealing ring 29. A first oil slinger ring 14 is provided between the first ball bearing right sealing ring 31 and the first sealing ring 29. A second rod bearing 40 and a second rod bearing oil slinger ring 36 are fitted onto the second shaft 33 at the connection between the first bearing housing 28 and the second mounting base 37, with the second rod bearing oil slinger ring 36 located on the side of the second rod bearing 40 near the first front shaft 9. An observation window 32 is also provided on the outer wall of the first bearing housing 28, facilitating in-situ observation of dynamic processes such as oil injection and oil film formation using a high-speed camera. The first bearing housing 28, the first sealing ring 29, the first ball bearing 30, and the first ball bearing right sealing ring 31 constitute the high-pressure left support assembly in the experimental device of the present invention. The first bearing housing 28, the second mounting base 37, the first sealing ring 29, and the right sealing ring 31 of the first ball bearing form a high-low pressure bearing cavity that accommodates the first ball bearing 30 and the second ball bearing 40.

[0031] A second toothed bushing 34 is provided on the side of the second mounting base 37 away from the first motor 4, and a second sealing ring 38 is provided between the second toothed bushing 34 and the second mounting base 37. The second toothed bushing 34 is sleeved on the second shaft 33, and its outer wall is provided with teeth. The inner wall of the second sealing ring 38 is engaged with the teeth on the outer wall of the second toothed bushing 34, and the outer wall of the second sealing ring 38 is connected to the second mounting base 37. A second ball bearing oil receiving ring 35 is provided on the side of the second ball bearing 39 near the first front shaft 9. A second bearing nozzle 41 and a second ventilation nozzle 42 are also provided on the outer wall of the second mounting base 37. The second bearing nozzle 41 and the second ventilation nozzle 42 are connected to the air supply and oil supply equipment in the existing simulation test to simulate the low-pressure state of the aero engine during actual operation. The second toothed bushing 34, the second mounting base 37, and the second sealing ring 38 constitute the low-pressure support assembly in the test device of the present invention. The second toothed bushing 34, the second mounting base 37, and the second sealing ring 38 form a low-pressure bearing cavity that accommodates the second ball bearing 39 and the second rod bearing 40. The second mounting base 37 is also provided with a second oil return nozzle 43 on the side near the mounting base plate 1 for recovering residual oil in the low-pressure bearing cavity.

[0032] The second loading shaft 44 is fitted with, in sequence from near the second motor 5 to near the first motor 4, a second loading left grate sleeve 47, a second loading rod bearing 55, a second loading right grate sleeve 48, a second bleed air grate sealing sleeve 46, and a second loading grate disc 45. The outer wall of the second loading left grate sleeve 47 is provided with grates, and a second loading left grate sealing ring 59 is fitted onto its outer wall. The inner wall of the second loading left grate sealing ring 59 is engaged with the outer wall of the second loading left grate sleeve 47, and its outer wall is fixedly connected to the second loading bearing seat 54. On the outer side of the second loading shaft 44, from near the second motor 5 to near the first motor 4, the second loading bearing seat 54, the second bleed air casing 52, the second bleed air transfer casing 50, and the second mounting base 37 are sequentially connected. The outer wall of the second loading rod bearing 55 is connected to the second loading bearing seat 54; the outer wall of the second loading right grate bushing 48 is fitted with a second loading bearing right sealing ring 60; the inner wall of the second loading bearing right sealing ring 60 is engaged with the grate teeth on the outer wall of the second loading right grate bushing 48, and its outer wall is fixedly connected to the second loading bearing seat 54; the outer wall of the second bleed air grate sealing bushing 46 is fitted with a second bleed air left sealing ring 53, the inner wall of the second bleed air left sealing ring 53 is engaged with the grate teeth on the outer wall of the second bleed air grate sealing bushing 46, and its outer wall is fixedly connected to the second bleed air casing 52; the outer wall of the second loading grate disk 45 is fitted with a second bleed air right sealing ring 51, the inner wall of the second bleed air right sealing ring 51 is engaged with the grate teeth on the outer wall of the second loading grate disk 45, and its outer wall is fixedly connected to the second bleed air transfer casing 50. The outer wall of the second loading bearing housing 54 is provided with a second loading rod bearing nozzle 56 and a second loading ventilation nozzle 57. The second loading rod bearing nozzle 56 and the second loading ventilation nozzle 57 are connected to the air supply and oil supply equipment in the existing simulation test to simulate the operating state of the aero-engine under actual working conditions. The second loading bearing housing 54, the second loading left grate bushing 47 and the second loading left grate sealing ring 59 form a low-pressure loading bearing cavity to accommodate the second loading rod bearing 55. The outer wall of the second loading bearing housing 54 is also provided with a second loading oil return nozzle 58 for recovering residual oil inside the second loading bearing housing 54. The second bleed air casing 52 is also connected to an air compressor station via pipelines and valves. High-pressure gas from the air compressor station enters a sealed chamber consisting of the second bleed air casing 52, the second bleed air grate sealing sleeve 46, and the second bleed air left sealing ring 53 through pipelines and valves. The high-pressure gas directly acts on the end face of the second loading grate disc 45, generating axial thrust, which is ultimately applied to the second loading shaft 44. Preferably, the second bleed air transfer casing 50 is provided with several internal hexagonal plugs 24 along its circumference to balance the pressure in the low-pressure bearing cavity inside the second bleed air transfer casing 50 and the right-side second mounting base 37.

[0033] The second loading shaft 44, the second loading grate disc 45, the second bleed air grate sealing sleeve 46, the second loading left grate sleeve 47, the second loading right grate sleeve 48, and the second loading coupling bolt 49 constitute the low-pressure loading rotating assembly in the test device of the present invention; the second bleed air adapter housing 50, the second bleed air right sealing ring 51, the second bleed air housing 52, the second bleed air left sealing ring 53, the second loading bearing seat 54, the second loading left grate sealing ring 59, the second loading bearing right sealing ring 60, and the second loading rod bearing 55 constitute the low-pressure loading support assembly in the test device of the present invention.

[0034] This invention provides a highly integrated dual-rotor high-speed counter-rotating oil-gas two-phase flow observation and testing device with an axial force loading device. Through modular design, all components of this invention are made detachable, integrating dual-rotor drive, axial force loading, realistic simulation of the bearing cavity structure, and visualization of the internal flow field. The proposed testing device adopts a horizontal layout and mainly consists of a support system, a drive system, a high-pressure rotor assembly, a high-pressure right support assembly, a high-pressure left support assembly, a low-pressure rotor assembly, a low-pressure support assembly, a low-pressure loading rotor assembly, a low-pressure loading bleed air casing assembly, and a low-pressure loading support assembly.

[0035] The core structure of the experimental device provided by this invention consists of a drive system that connects, drives, and independently controls the high-pressure rotor assembly and the low-pressure rotor assembly. The first motor 4 is the high-pressure rotor assembly, with a maximum speed of 24,000 r / min, and the second motor 5 is the low-pressure rotor assembly, with a maximum speed of 15,000 r / min. The high-pressure rotor is supported by a front ball bearing left support assembly and a rear roller bearing right support assembly. Specifically, the first ball bearing 30 mounted on the first front shaft 9 is a ball bearing, and the first rod bearing 21 mounted on the first rear shaft 11 is a roller bearing, also called a roller bearing. In addition, the first right bearing housing 15 outside the first rear shaft 11 integrates an elastic squirrel cage structure and an air-injection booster casing, which has an axial force loading function. High-pressure gas acts on the surface of the first toothed disc 10, and the axial force is transmitted to the first front shaft 9 and the first rear shaft 11 through the first toothed disc 10. The low-pressure rotor is supported by a low-pressure bearing housing assembly, and the axial force is loaded through the low-pressure loading rotor assembly. Each bearing cavity is equipped with a toothed sealing ring and an expansion ring seal to form an interstage seal. Through the integrated design of "one gas for two uses", a continuous pressure gradient is established inside the device from the external high pressure to the bearing cavity pressure. This pressure gradient effectively prevents the oil-gas mixture in the bearing cavity from leaking outward, thus achieving the sealing of the bearing cavity. It is connected to the external lubrication system and air system through the oil supply and return nozzles, sealing bleed air inlet and ventilation inlet, simulating the structure of a real aero-engine. It can also be equipped with a high-speed camera system and a precision sensor measurement system to realize image observation and parameter measurement of complex two-phase flow in the bearing cavity.

[0036] In terms of material selection, structural components, including the first right bearing housing 15, the first pressurized bleed air housing 17, the first bearing housing 28, the second mounting base 37, the second bleed air transfer casing 50, the second bleed air casing 52, and the second loading bearing housing 54, are made of high-performance 45 steel or 40Cr castings and forgings. Key high-speed rotating and sealing components, including the first drive shaft 6, the second drive shaft 7, the first front shaft 9, the first rear shaft 11, the first grate plate 10, the second shaft 33, the second loading shaft 44, and the second loading grate plate 45, are made of 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV with a strength greater than 885MPa. This material is a high-strength, high-temperature alloy forging to withstand centrifugal stress and wear. Assembly follows a modular sequence: first, the low-pressure rotor assembly and the high-pressure rotor assembly are pre-assembled independently, completing initial adjustment and dynamic balancing; second, the system is aligned and assembled, ensuring the coaxiality of the high and low-pressure rotors through flange stops and precision bolts, and carefully installing sealing components such as expansion rings; finally, the low-pressure loading assembly is integrated. The entire process is supplemented by heat fitting, constant torque fastening, laser alignment, and sealing inspection to ensure the structural integrity, motion accuracy, and functional reliability of the device under high speed and high load. Axial force loading is achieved by injecting high-pressure gas into the sealed casing (second bleed air casing 52 or first pressurized bleed air seat 17) through an external air supply system. The gas pressure acts on the grating discs (second loading grating disc 45 or first grating disc 10) on the rotor end face, generating a directionally controllable and magnitude-adjustable axial force (up to 20kN) to simulate the real axial load during engine operation. Bearing lubrication is based on jet lubrication, with oil supply under the ring in key areas, and is independently adjustable, facilitating the research and comparison of bearing lubrication and cooling effects.

[0037] The experimental apparatus provided by this invention studies the two-phase flow of oil and gas within the bearing cavity by reproducing the real working environment of an aero-engine. Its principle involves simulating counter-rotation using independent dual-rotor drive, applying axial force through pneumatic loading, and precisely controlling oil and gas parameters through an adjustable lubrication and sealing system, thereby constructing a realistic physical environment encompassing rotational speed, load, and medium conditions. During the experiment, stable basic lubrication and sealing conditions are first established, and then the rotors are driven to the target rotational speed. A high-speed camera is used to observe the dynamic processes such as oil injection and oil film formation in situ outside a transparent observation window of the critical bearing cavity; simultaneously, sensors collect data such as temperature and pressure. By gradually changing variables such as rotational speed, load, and oil supply parameters, and repeatedly observing and recording, the visualized flow pattern and quantitative data are finally correlated and analyzed to achieve comprehensive verification of the lubrication and cooling performance and flow mechanism of the bearing cavity.

[0038] In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other implementation methods. All technical solutions formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for observing two-phase flow of oil and gas with dual rotor counter-rotation and axial force loading, comprising a mounting base plate (1) and a first motor (4) and a second motor (5) fixedly connected to the mounting base plate (1) via a motor mounting bracket (3), characterized in that: The output shafts of the first motor (4) and the second motor (5) are arranged opposite to each other. A first drive shaft (6), a first rear shaft (11), a first front shaft (9), a second shaft (33), a second loading shaft (44), and a second drive shaft (7) are sequentially connected from the first motor (4) to the second motor (5). A first rod bearing (21) and a second ball bearing (39) are respectively fitted on the first rear shaft (11) and the second shaft (33), and are fixedly connected to the mounting base plate (1) through a first right bearing seat (15) and a second mounting seat (37). A first ball bearing (30) is fitted on the first front shaft (9), and is fixedly connected to the second mounting seat (37) through a first bearing seat (28). The first front shaft (9) and the first... The rear axles (11) are connected by a first toothed disc (10). A first pressurized air intake seat (17) is provided on the outside of the first toothed disc (10). The first pressurized air intake seat (17) is fixedly connected to the first right bearing seat (15). A first pressurized air intake left sealing ring (18) is provided between the first toothed disc (10) and the first pressurized air intake seat (17). The inner wall of the first pressurized air intake left sealing ring (18) is connected to the toothed disc on the outer wall of the first toothed disc (10). A first pressurized air intake right sealing ring (19) is provided at the connection between the first pressurized air intake seat (17) and the first right bearing seat (15). The inner wall of the first pressurized air intake right sealing ring (19) is connected to the first rear axle (11) by toothed engagement.

2. The experimental apparatus for observing two-phase oil-gas flow with dual rotor counter-rotation and axial force loading as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The second loading shaft (44) is fitted with a second loading left grate bushing (47), a second loading bar bearing (55), a second loading right grate bushing (48), a second bleed air grate sealing bushing (46), and a second loading grate disc (45) sequentially from near the second motor (5) to near the first motor (4); the outer side of the second loading shaft (44) from near the second motor (5) to near the first motor (4) is fixedly connected with a second loading bearing seat (54), a second bleed air casing (52), a second bleed air adapter casing (50), and a second mounting base (37) sequentially; the second loading shaft The bearing seat (54) is connected to the second loading left grate bushing (47) through the second loading left grate sealing ring (59). The outer wall of the second loading bar bearing (55) is connected to the second loading bearing seat (54). The second loading right grate bushing (48) is connected to the second loading bearing seat (54) through the second loading bearing right sealing ring (60). The second bleed air grate sealing bushing (46) is connected to the second bleed air casing (52) through the second bleed air left sealing ring (53). The second loading grate disc (45) is connected to the second bleed air transfer casing (50) through the second bleed air right sealing ring (51).

3. The experimental apparatus for observing two-phase flow of oil and gas with dual rotor counter-rotation and axial force loading as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The first bar bearing (21) is provided with a first left grate bushing (12) and a first right grate bushing (13) on both sides. The first left grate bushing (12) and the first right grate bushing (13) are both sleeved on the first rear shaft (11). The outer wall of the first right bearing sealing ring (16) is connected to the first right bearing seat (15), and its inner wall is connected to the grate teeth of the outer wall of the first left grate bushing (12). The outer side of the first right grate sealing ring (20) is fixedly connected to the first right bearing seat (15), and its inner wall is connected to the grate teeth of the outer wall of the first right grate bushing (13).

4. The experimental apparatus for observing two-phase oil-gas flow with dual rotor counter-rotation and axial force loading as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The first bearing housing (28) is located at the connection between the second shaft (33) and the first front shaft (9); the first ball bearing (30) is provided with a first ball bearing right sealing ring (31) on the side near the first front shaft (9), and the first bearing housing (28) is sealed by the first sealing ring (29) at the end near the first rear shaft (11); the second mounting base (37) is provided with a second toothed bushing (34) on the side away from the first motor (4), and a second sealing ring (38) is provided between the second toothed bushing (34) and the second mounting base (37).

5. The experimental apparatus for observing two-phase oil-gas flow with dual rotor counter-rotation and axial force loading as described in claim 4, characterized in that: An observation window (32) is also provided on the outer wall of the first bearing housing (28).

6. The experimental apparatus for observing two-phase oil-gas flow with dual rotor counter-rotation and axial force loading according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the first right bearing housing (15) is also provided with a first rod bearing nozzle (22), a first right ventilation nozzle (25) and a spring support oil inlet nozzle (26); a first rod bearing cage (23) is also provided between the first rod bearing (21) inside the first right bearing housing (15) and the first right grate bushing (13); the outer wall of the second mounting base (37) is also provided with a second bearing nozzle (41) and a second ventilation nozzle (42); the outer wall of the second loading bearing housing (54) is provided with a second loading rod bearing nozzle (56) and a second loading ventilation nozzle (57).

7. The experimental apparatus for observing two-phase oil-gas flow with dual rotor counter-rotation and axial force loading according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first right bearing housing (15) is provided with a first oil return nozzle (27) on the side near the mounting base plate (1); the second mounting base (37) is provided with a second oil return nozzle (43) on the side near the mounting base plate (1); and the outer wall of the second loading bearing housing (54) is provided with a second loading oil return nozzle (58).

8. The experimental apparatus for observing two-phase oil-gas flow with dual rotor counter-rotation and axial force loading according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second ball bearing (39) is provided with a second ball bearing oil collection ring (35) on the side near the first front shaft (9); a first oil slinger ring (14) is provided between the right sealing ring (31) of the first ball bearing and the first sealing ring (29); a second bar bearing (40) and a second bar bearing oil slinger ring (36) are sleeved on the second shaft (33) at the connection between the first bearing seat (28) and the second mounting seat (37), and the second bar bearing oil slinger ring (36) is provided on the side of the second bar bearing (40) near the first front shaft (9).

9. The experimental apparatus for observing two-phase oil-gas flow with dual rotor counter-rotation and axial force loading according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second mounting base (37) is fixedly connected to the mounting base plate (1) and positioned by the positioning pin (2); the second shaft (33) and the second loading shaft (44) are fixedly connected by the second loading coupling bolt (49); the first motor (4) and the first transmission shaft (6) and the second motor (5) and the second transmission shaft (7) are connected by the coupling (8).

10. The experimental apparatus for observing two-phase oil-gas flow with dual rotor counter-rotation and axial force loading according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second air bleed adapter box (50) and the first right bearing seat (15) are provided with several internal hexagon plugs (24) along the circumferential direction on the outer side.

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