A hand warmer control method based on multi-source data analysis

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of device control, in particular to a hand warmer control method based on multi-source data analysis, comprising: acquiring temperature sequence and corresponding driving power data, and constructing multi-source data observation; calculating average thermal response value and constructing heat dissipation working condition judgment index, comparing with pre-written working condition threshold interval to generate heat dissipation working condition corresponding to current period; acquiring reference heat exchange level corresponding to heat dissipation working condition under current period, calculating basic heat exchange level corresponding to current working condition, taking basic heat exchange level corresponding to current working condition and historical working condition as target value and historical value, and calculating heat exchange characteristic quantity of current period in combination with state jump correction coefficient; calculating target power control value of current period through power function, converting the target power control value into directly executable duty control quantity through control chip, and controlling hand warmer based on the target power control value and duty control quantity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of equipment control technology, and more particularly to a control method for a hand warmer based on multi-source data analysis. Background Technology

[0002] Hand heaters, as portable heating products, are widely used in winter commutes, outdoor work, offices, and daily warmth-keeping scenarios. Their basic requirement is to provide users with stable, comfortable, and safe heat output within limited space and power supply conditions. Existing hand heaters typically use resistance heating elements or PTC heating elements as heat sources, and control the heating process through single-point temperature detection, fixed-level switching, or simple constant temperature methods. Some products also include basic safety functions such as timer shutdown and shell temperature protection.

[0003] While these methods can perform basic heating functions under static, singular, and relatively stable usage conditions, they often fail to achieve ideal results in real-world scenarios. This is because the heat transfer process of hand heaters exhibits significant dynamic contact characteristics. The path of heat loss and transfer to the hand continuously changes depending on the device's position on a table, its grip, partial coverage, or whether it is covered by clothing. This results in significant differences in the rate of temperature rise, the degree of heat accumulation, and the perceived comfort for the same driving power. Controlling based solely on a single-point temperature or a fixed threshold makes it difficult to distinguish whether the current temperature rise change is caused by a change in the driving input or a change in the heat dissipation environment. Consequently, it is prone to slow heating and insufficient warmth when heat dissipation is strong, and heat accumulation, excessive heat, or even localized overheating when heat dissipation is weak.

[0004] Furthermore, due to frequent changes in user handling methods and usage environments, the device's thermal response is not a stable, unchanging process, but rather a continuously fluctuating process that varies with operating conditions. Traditional control methods lack the ability to extract, determine, and quantify these thermal response changes, making it difficult to effectively transform changes in heat dissipation conditions into actionable control criteria. This often results in control strategies having to make conservative trade-offs between comfort, safety, and energy consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a control method tailored to the actual usage scenarios of hand heaters. This method should transform the thermal response information directly obtainable during device operation into a continuous representation of heat dissipation conditions and heat exchange capacity. Based on this, power control commands matching the current operating conditions should be generated to improve the problems of lag, insufficient adaptability, and coarse control in existing technologies under dynamic contact environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a hand warmer control method based on multi-source data analysis.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A control method for a hand warmer based on multi-source data analysis includes: Acquire temperature sequences and their corresponding drive power data, and construct multi-source data observations based on the temperature sequences and drive power data; The average thermal response value is calculated based on the multi-source data observations. A heat dissipation condition judgment index is constructed based on the average thermal response value. The heat dissipation condition judgment index is compared with a pre-written condition threshold range to generate the heat dissipation condition corresponding to the current period. Obtain the reference heat exchange level corresponding to the heat dissipation condition in the current cycle, calculate the basic heat exchange level corresponding to the current condition based on the reference heat exchange level and the heat dissipation condition, take the basic heat exchange level corresponding to the current condition and the historical condition as the target value and the historical value, and calculate the heat exchange characterization quantity of the current cycle in combination with the state jump correction coefficient. Based on the heat exchange characterization quantity, the target power control value for the current cycle is calculated through a power function. The target power control value is then converted into a directly executable duty cycle control quantity by a control chip. The hand heater is then controlled based on the target power control value and the duty cycle control quantity.

[0007] In some embodiments, the heat dissipation condition is obtained through an index determination function, the parameters of which include the average thermal response value, the fluctuation suppression coefficient, the multi-source data observations of two adjacent periods, and the magnitude of the difference between the multi-source data observations of two adjacent periods.

[0008] In some embodiments, the basic heat exchange level is obtained through a heat exchange level calculation function, the parameters of which include a reference heat exchange level, a state primary attenuation coefficient, a state secondary correction coefficient, and heat dissipation conditions.

[0009] In some embodiments, the state primary attenuation coefficient, the state secondary correction coefficient, and the state transition correction coefficient are stored in the state register area.

[0010] In some embodiments, the heat dissipation conditions are written into the state register area as ordered numerical state codes.

[0011] In some embodiments, the duty cycle control quantity is obtained by normalizing the target power control value and the rated power using a control chip.

[0012] In some embodiments, the parameters of the power function include minimum sustaining power, maximum allowable power, heat exchange characterization, and mapping buffer coefficient.

[0013] In some embodiments, the temperature sequence and its corresponding drive power data are acquired at the same sampling rate.

[0014] In some embodiments, the reference heat exchange level is obtained during the prototype calibration phase, and the reference heat exchange level is used to represent the baseline heat exchange capacity under reference operating conditions.

[0015] In some embodiments, controlling the hand heater based on the target power control value and duty cycle control amount specifically includes: Obtain the target power control value and duty cycle control value; Write the target power control value and duty cycle control value into the drive register; The heating element is controlled according to the corresponding conduction ratio within the current cycle by driving the drive register.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention first constructs a multi-source data observation system by combining temperature change and corresponding drive power data, enabling the device to obtain observation results directly related to the current thermal behavior in each control cycle. Then, based on the changes in observations within a continuous time window, the average thermal response level is extracted and combined with time continuity constraints to determine the current heat dissipation condition, allowing changes in the heat dissipation environment to be stably expressed in an ordered state. On this basis, the heat dissipation condition state is mapped to a heat exchange characterization quantity, and updated by combining historical states and historical heat exchange results during condition switching, ensuring that the obtained heat exchange characterization quantity reflects both the current condition boundary and retains the continuity of the actual heat exchange establishment process. Finally, a target power control command is generated based on the heat exchange characterization quantity and further converted into an executable control quantity for the drive layer, acting on the heating element, thereby enabling continuous adjustment of power output according to changes in actual heat dissipation capacity. Through the above methods, the present invention transforms the thermal response change process, which was originally difficult to utilize directly, into a clear control chain, enabling the hand heater to obtain a more suitable power output in different usage states such as desktop placement, stable grip, and partial wrapping. While improving the adaptability to temperature rise, it suppresses the risk of overheating caused by heat accumulation, and takes into account the comfort, safety and energy consumption performance in daily use. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a hand warmer control method based on multi-source data analysis in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] refer to Figure 1 As shown, this application proposes a hand warmer control method based on multi-source data analysis, including: S101: Acquire the temperature sequence and its corresponding drive power data, and construct a multi-source data observation based on the temperature sequence and drive power data, specifically including: The task of this step is not simply to "collect two data points," but to organize the two most critical types of raw information that best reflect the thermal behavior of the hand heater into multi-source data observations that can be directly used later. .

[0020] The problem essentially addressed in this application is the difference in temperature change under different contact and heat dissipation conditions with the same heating input. This difference does not require a large number of sensor types to be discerned; simply mapping the temperature change to the power input yields a highly discriminative description of the thermal response.

[0021] Therefore, without adding complex hardware, this application first establishes an observational basis that can truly reflect the current thermal state. As the first step, the input is the raw sampling data during the operation of the hand warmer, specifically including the temperature sequence data output by the temperature sensor and the power data output by the heating drive circuit.

[0022] First, a temperature acquisition channel is installed inside the hand heater. This channel can be implemented using a temperature sensor positioned close to the heating area. Structurally, it can be installed inside the housing near the heating element, or on a support fixedly connected to the heating assembly. The key point is not the sensor's name itself, but that it must be able to stably reflect the heating and cooling process of the heater itself. The control chip periodically reads the temperature values ​​output by this sensor, forming a time-sequential temperature sequence. Simultaneously, the control chip reads the drive power data of the heating drive section according to the same control rhythm as the temperature sampling. And it stores the corresponding temperature change and drive power data for the same cycle. Here... This always represents the actual drive power data applied to the heating element at the current moment, and will not be used to represent power control commands later. What is collected here is not a single isolated temperature point, but a series of continuous temperature values.

[0023] For example, when the device is in a state of weak heat dissipation at the same heating level, the temperature values ​​at several consecutive sampling times will show a more obvious upward trend; while when the heat of the device is continuously carried away by the hands or the external environment, this upward trend will weaken. In other words, the temperature sequence itself already contains heat exchange information, but it has not been processed.

[0024] Simultaneously, power data is read along the heating path. This data is not obtained by adding an extra complex sensor, but directly from the existing heating drive section of the hand heater. In practice, the current power data can be obtained by reading the drive's duty cycle status, drive stage on / off information, or power supply control parameters.

[0025] Next, the control chip pairs the temperature and power sequences under the same sampling cycle. To avoid mistaking momentary fluctuations for effective thermal changes, the processing method here is not to directly use a single temperature point for judgment, but rather to extract the temperature change from the current and previous temperature values, and then correlate this change with the current power value. The control of the hand heater focuses on how the temperature changes after a certain amount of heat is input.

[0026] Specifically, if the equipment is in a heating state at two consecutive moments, and the power input is high while the temperature change is small during this period, it indicates that the heat is not accumulating on the equipment body but is being dissipated more quickly. Conversely, if the power input is low but the temperature change is significant, it indicates that the heat is more likely to be retained in the equipment body. This is precisely the information needed to determine the heat dissipation condition later.

[0027] After completing the above correspondence, construct a multi-source data observation. The definition is as follows: ; in, It represents multi-source data observations, which consist of temperature changes and corresponding drive power data, and is used to characterize the current thermal response state of the hand heater; This represents the temperature change between two adjacent sampling times, which is obtained by subtracting the temperature value of the previous time from the current temperature value in the temperature sequence. This indicates the current drive power data corresponding to the temperature change, which is provided by the heating drive section.

[0028] The meaning of this expression is not simply to calculate a ratio, but to reinterpret "temperature change" within the context of "power input." This is how it is formed. This can be viewed as the unit input thermal response characteristic of current hand heaters. A larger value indicates a more significant temperature change corresponding to the current power input, making the device more prone to heat buildup. When the value is small, it indicates that the temperature change is not significant under the same input, and heat is more easily carried away. In this way, the originally scattered temperature and power data are organized into an observation with a clear physical orientation.

[0029] In order for this observation to be used directly in the next step, the control chip will not only perform the calculation once. Instead, it calculates continuously according to the sampling cycle and includes the currently valid... Write to the internal storage area. This "internal storage area" doesn't need to be a complex data warehouse; the cache unit in the control chip will suffice. The next step doesn't read the original temperature or power sequence data, but rather this already constructed... This approach has two advantages: First, subsequent steps do not need to reprocess the original data, making the logic clearer; second, the connection between steps becomes a true "output of the previous step as input of the next step," rather than each step repeatedly analyzing the original sensor data.

[0030] Let's take a more relatable example. When a user first holds the hand heater, the heating driver outputs a fixed power, and the temperature sensor begins continuous sampling. If the device experiences strong heat exchange with the external environment at this time, then although power is continuously input, the temperature won't rise particularly quickly. The size is too small; if the equipment is in a more enclosed state where heat accumulates more easily, the temperature will rise more significantly, resulting in a smaller output. It's a bit too high. Subsequent steps don't need to return to the original level of "what is the temperature, what is the power," you only need to look at... By observing changes in these parameters, we can continue to determine the current operating condition. Thus, the results obtained in this step are both concise and sufficient to support subsequent state identification. The output of this step is multi-source data observations. . Composed of continuous temperature changes and corresponding power data, this measure characterizes the current thermal response of the hand warmer. The key to this step is not simply "collecting data," but rather organizing the temperature and power data into an observable quantity that directly represents the thermal response behavior. After this processing, subsequent steps do not need to deal with the scattered original sampled values, but can directly focus on... The heat dissipation conditions are assessed to ensure a clear connection between the entire solution.

[0031] S102: Calculate the average thermal response value based on the multi-source data observations, construct a heat dissipation condition judgment index based on the average thermal response value, compare the heat dissipation condition judgment index with a pre-written condition threshold range, and generate the heat dissipation condition corresponding to the current period, specifically including: S102 directly reads the multi-source data observations continuously output by S101 and writes them to the buffer. And arrange this group in chronological order. The value serves as the sole input for determining the current heat dissipation condition. The task of this step is not to reprocess the temperature and power data, but rather to utilize the thermal response observations already constructed by S101 to further identify the current heat dissipation environment category of the hand warmer and write the determination result into the heat dissipation condition status. This connection method has a specific invention scenario, because hand warmers undergo several state transitions during actual use, including being held, released, placed on a table, and wrapped in clothing. The common characteristic of these states is not a difference in temperature at a single instant, but rather a difference in the "thermal response change corresponding to a unit of input heat." The S101 output... This thermal response characteristic has already been extracted; this step simply continues along this logic: starting with continuous... Extract stable thermal response levels from the sequence, and then transform these stable thermal response levels into heat dissipation conditions that can be used in the next step. .

[0032] From the perspective of the formula's origin, this step first employs the arithmetic mean method from mathematics to extract the dominant thermal response level within a continuous time window. This is because the output of S101... The temperature changes continuously with the sampling time, while the heat dissipation condition corresponds to a relatively stable heat exchange environment over a short period. Therefore, it is necessary to use the central tendency within a time window to describe the current condition, rather than using a single instantaneous value to represent the entire state. The control chip internally sets a length of... The circular buffer, at each new sampling time, will update the latest data. Write to the cache while removing the oldest historical value, ensuring the cache always stores the most recent contiguous values. Each observation was then averaged within this time window to obtain the average thermal response value. : ; in, It represents the average multi-source data observations within the current continuous time window, used to describe the overall thermal response level within that time window; Indicates the first in the cache The multi-source data observations stored at each sampling time are calculated from the temperature change and corresponding power data at adjacent sampling times in S101. This represents the number of consecutive samples involved in the calculation. This value is pre-written by the control program to limit the time window length upon which the current operating condition determination depends. This formula is directly derived from the mathematical average formula, and its specific application in this application is to compress the continuous thermal response sequence output by S101 into an average thermal response quantity that can represent the overall level of the current stage. Because each term on the right... With the left side Since these are similar observations, this calculation maintains consistency in quantity and can directly reflect the "average thermal response strength corresponding to a unit heating input" within the current time window.

[0033] Only This is insufficient for determining the operating condition, because a typical phenomenon exists during the use of hand heaters: when a user changes their grip, the thermal response values ​​of several consecutive sampling points are in a transitional state. While the average value has begun to shift towards the new operating condition, the corresponding heat dissipation environment is still changing. Therefore, this step introduces the concept of total variation from signal processing, incorporating the variation amplitude of adjacent sampling values ​​within a continuous time window as a time continuity constraint into the determination process. Total variation is typically used to describe the overall fluctuation of a sequence; this application applies it to the heat dissipation operating condition determination of hand heaters because such devices truly need to identify a "stable heat dissipation operating condition," rather than an "intermediate state in transition." Based on this idea, an index determination function is constructed to calculate the heat dissipation operating condition determination index. The specific expression for the indicator judgment function is as follows: ; in, This indicator represents the heat dissipation condition assessment index within the current cycle, used to comprehensively characterize the average thermal response level and its time stability. This represents the average multi-source data observations obtained from the above equation; This represents the fluctuation suppression coefficient, which is stored in the parameter area of ​​the control chip and is used to adjust the strength of the influence of continuous fluctuation terms on the judgment result. and These represent the multi-source data observations for two adjacent periods; This represents the magnitude of the difference between adjacent observations, used to reflect whether the thermal response is stable within the current time window. This formula is a further derivation based on the average thermal response formula: the numerator retains the overall thermal response level under the current operating condition, while the denominator introduces an adjustment factor consisting of "1" and a "fluctuation accumulation term," so that when the sequence is stable, Closer When the sequence fluctuates significantly, The compression distinguishes between the "stable heat dissipation state" and the "transitional heat dissipation state." The constant term in the denominator ensures the formula continues to calculate correctly even when the fluctuation term approaches zero. By matching parameters, the cumulative fluctuation term and the constant term are made to be within a comparable range, so the whole formula remains consistent in operation and conforms to the actual judgment logic.

[0034] The two formulas above have a direct logical sequence. The first formula extracts the overall thermal response level from the continuous observation sequence, and the second formula introduces a continuity correction on this basis to obtain a more suitable judgment index for hand warmer scenarios. First, output from S101. Sequence obtained Then by Together with the continuous difference term, we obtain The control chip completes... After calculation, it is compared one by one with the pre-written operating condition threshold ranges inside the device to obtain the heat dissipation operating condition status. . The state is written into the state register using ordered numerical state encoding. For example, a state with strong heat dissipation can be encoded as... Encode the heat dissipation and other states as Encode the weak heat dissipation state as .when Write when falling into the lower range ,when Write when falling into the middle range ,when Write when falling into a higher range The interval boundaries here are derived from prototype testing: sufficient durations were recorded under typical operating conditions such as bare placement, stable holding, and partial coverage of the equipment. The sequence is obtained by using the formula above. The distribution range is then determined, and these ranges are then embedded into the control program. This process yields... Instead of empirical labels, the operating condition is gradually obtained through observation calculations, time window smoothing, and threshold mapping. To illustrate the specific operational process of this algorithm, a calculation example can be provided. Assume that the multi-source data observations corresponding to the most recent five sampling cycles in the control chip's buffer are as follows: , , , , Then there are within the current time window Thus, the following can be calculated: ; Continue to set the fluctuation suppression coefficient Then the sum of the amplitudes of the differences between adjacent observations is: .

[0035] Substituting the above results into the index judgment function, we get: .

[0036] If the program pre-sets a range corresponding to a stronger heat dissipation state, then... The interval corresponding to the moderate heat dissipation state is: The interval corresponding to the weaker heat dissipation state is If the result of this judgment is a moderate heat dissipation state, the control chip will write the state variable accordingly. This calculation process corresponds to a real-world scenario where the user holds the device stably, the device's heat dissipation path is established, and there is no obvious switching action. Here's another example that more closely reflects the changing operating conditions. If the observations corresponding to the most recent five sampling periods are... , , , , While the average value can still be calculated as an intermediate level, the significantly increased difference between adjacent samples indicates a rapid change in the current thermal response, potentially corresponding to the transition period when the user has just picked up the device or put it in their pocket. Calculated using the above method, the average value is approximately... The sum of the magnitudes of adjacent differences is If still take ,but This result will be pushed down to a lower range, and the control chip will maintain careful updates to the operating condition throughout the cycle, ensuring the operating condition remains stable. It is more inclined to the existing stable state, thus providing more stable boundary conditions for the next step of heat exchange characterization calculation. It can be seen that after introducing the continuous fluctuation correction term, the operating condition judgment not only focuses on "what is the current thermal response value", but also on "whether this thermal response value has been formed in a stable manner". This is exactly in line with the usage characteristics of hand heaters, which have frequent operating condition switching and transitional heat exchange path establishment.

[0037] Based on the above calculations, this step ultimately outputs the heat dissipation status. This output consists of multi-source data observations from S101. Through average thermal response extraction and continuous fluctuation constraint calculation, the continuous thermal response data has been transformed into a defined heat dissipation environment state. The next step is to directly read... Furthermore, under the constraints of this operating condition, the heat exchange characterization quantities are calculated.

[0038] S10: Obtain the reference heat exchange level corresponding to the heat dissipation condition in the current cycle; calculate the basic heat exchange level corresponding to the current condition based on the reference heat exchange level and the heat dissipation condition; use the basic heat exchange levels corresponding to the current condition and historical conditions as the target value and historical value, and calculate the heat exchange characterization quantity of the current cycle in combination with the state transition correction coefficient, specifically including: S103 has already achieved a heat dissipation condition in S102. Building upon this foundation, the question of "what type of heat dissipation environment is currently in" is further transformed into a continuous quantity of "how strong is the current heat exchange capacity". This conversion is the most critical bridging step in the entire solution because the output of S102... Essentially, it's a result indicating the operating condition level, suggesting whether the equipment is currently closer to exposed heat dissipation, stable hand-held heat dissipation, or localized enclosed heat dissipation. However, subsequent power control isn't suitable for abrupt adjustments based on discrete levels; instead, it's better to smoothly determine the heating intensity based on a continuously changing heat exchange characteristic. In other words, S101 obtains a thermal response observation. S102 compresses the continuous thermal response into a heat dissipation condition. This step is in Given that the operating condition boundary has been clearly defined, the operating condition boundary is further quantified into heat exchange characterization quantities. For the scenario of hand heaters, this design is specifically targeted because, even in the same "holding state," the user may lightly hold, partially cover, or hold the hand fully. The actual ability of heat to be transferred to the hand and the outside world in different states is not a fixed constant, but will continuously change with the operating condition level and the switching process. Therefore, this step does not provide a static lookup table result, but constructs a heat exchange characterization quantity that reflects both the operating condition level and the inertia of the switching process.

[0039] This step uses the heat exchange level calculation function to calculate the basic heat exchange level. The basic idea is that when boundary conditions change step by step, the system's effective heat exchange capacity often does not decrease arithmetically, but rather follows a decay pattern of "significant change in the previous stage, followed by a gradual slowdown." When a hand warmer transitions from an exposed state to a stable gripped state, and then further into a partially covered state, the ability to transfer heat outwards perfectly matches this characteristic. Therefore, the ordered heat dissipation state output by S102 is first calculated. Treating this as a boundary condition level, and then writing the heat exchange level under the reference state as a baseline quantity, we obtain the basic heat exchange level corresponding to the current operating condition. Considering that the heat exchange capacity decreases even more rapidly under high-level heat accumulation conditions, this step adds a state-squared correction term to the classical exponential decay term, making the decay more pronounced at higher operating conditions. Specifically, the expression for the exchange level calculation function is: ; in, This indicates the basic heat exchange level corresponding to the current heat dissipation condition, which is calculated in real time by the control chip after reading the current status; This indicates the reference heat exchange level, which is obtained during the prototype calibration phase and represents the baseline heat exchange capacity under reference operating conditions. The state primary attenuation coefficient is used to describe the degree of primary attenuation of the basic heat exchange level when the heat dissipation condition is improved by one level. This represents the state-secondary correction factor, used to describe the additional attenuation caused by enhanced heat accumulation at higher operating conditions. This indicates the heat dissipation status of the S102 output, stored in ordered hierarchical encoding. The derivation of this formula is clear: starting from the reference condition, when... When the exponent term is zero, therefore ;when As the index rises step by step, the negative terms in the index increase. Monotonically decreasing; Add After correction, the attenuation rate is further enhanced at higher operating conditions, thus allowing the quantifiable phenomenon unique to hand heaters—that "localized wrapping accumulates heat more easily than stable grip"—to be demonstrated. Because The term itself is defined as the reference heat exchange level, while the exponent term only serves to scale the ratio. Therefore, both sides of the equation describe the same type of heat exchange characteristic quantity, and the calculation results are consistent and reasonable.

[0040] Only basic heat exchange level This is still insufficient to fully describe the actual heat exchange process of hand heaters, because the heat dissipation status changes when the user changes the contact method. While switching can be completed within a single control cycle, the heat exchange path itself involves an establishment process. For example, from the moment the device is picked up from the table until it forms stable contact with the hand, a brief heat transfer reconstruction phase is required; when switching from holding to covering, heat accumulation gradually increases rather than immediately reaching a new stable level upon the change of state. Therefore, this step further introduces the first-order inertial update concept from discrete control, incorporating the operating state and heat exchange characteristics saved from the previous control cycle into the calculation of this cycle, so that the final output... It conforms to the current state boundary while preserving the continuity of the heat exchange establishment process. The derivation method used here is: to determine the basic heat exchange level corresponding to the current operating condition. As the current target value, the heat exchange characterization quantity from the previous cycle is used. Using historical values ​​as a basis, and then using the magnitude of change between the current state and the previous state as the historical retention weight, we obtain the heat exchange characterization quantity finally used in the current cycle: ; in, The heat exchange characteristics output in this cycle are written into the control variable area by the control chip for use in the next step. This represents the basic heat exchange level calculated from the previous formula; This represents the state transition correction coefficient, used to control the degree to which historical heat exchange volume is retained when switching operating conditions; This indicates the current heat dissipation status of the output of S102 in the current cycle; This indicates the heat dissipation status saved in the previous control cycle. This represents the heat exchange characterization quantity saved from the previous control cycle; This indicates the magnitude of change in the current state relative to the previous state. The logical relationship of this formula is continuous with the previous one: the first formula calculates the "theoretically achievable baseline heat exchange level under this operating condition" based on the current state; the second formula then determines whether the output for this cycle should be closer to the current baseline value or retain more historical values ​​based on the magnitude of the state transition. When the change is zero, the second equation degenerates into... This indicates that when the operating conditions are stable, the current heat exchange characteristic quantity directly adopts the baseline heat exchange level corresponding to the current operating conditions; when the state changes abruptly, the historical heat exchange quantity is weighted according to the magnitude of the change and included in the result, making... During the operating condition switching phase, this manifests as a smooth transition between the current baseline value and historical values. For hand heaters, this approach is very practical because the contact relationships and heat exchange paths of the device have short-term inertia, ultimately affecting the output... It should not be separated from this physical process.

[0041] In terms of program implementation, the control chip first reads the current operating status from the status register area. Then read from the parameter area , , and At the same time, read the previous cycle's data from the history cache. and Then, the basic heat exchange level is calculated using the first formula. Then, complete the characterization of heat exchange in the current cycle according to the second formula. The update, and put and current The control variable area and state buffer are written back separately. To make the implementation process clearer, a calculation example can be given. Assume that a certain model of device writes parameters after calibration. , , , If the current output state of S102 is The previous cycle state was The heat exchange characterization quantity of the previous cycle is First, calculate the basic heat exchange level according to the first formula: because Therefore, the exponent part is And thus The calculation result is approximately Next, calculate the current heat exchange characteristic quantity according to the second formula: the current state change range is... ,therefore This result indicates that although the current operating conditions have entered a state of weak heat dissipation, the corresponding basic heat exchange level is only about [missing information]. However, considering that the heat exchange path needs to be established when the equipment switches from the previous operating condition to the current operating condition, the heat exchange characterization quantity used in this cycle is approximately It falls between historical and current baseline values. If the operating conditions remain unchanged in the next cycle... Since the magnitude of the state change becomes zero, the second equation automatically degenerates into... The heat exchange characterization quantity naturally converges to a stable level under this operating condition.

[0042] Specifically, to illustrate the linkage between the two formulas, let's assume the current state and the previous state are both... Take the same parameters , , First, from the first equation, we obtain: At this point... The index part is ,therefore The calculation result is approximately Since the current state is the same as the previous state, the change magnitude term in the second equation is zero. This result indicates that when the device is in a stable holding or contact condition, the heat exchange characteristic quantity is directly equal to the baseline heat exchange level under the current condition, without introducing additional historical corrections; however, when the device undergoes a change in operating conditions, the second equation begins to play a smooth transition role. These two examples demonstrate that the first equation provides the "basic heat exchange intensity that should exist under the current operating condition," while the second equation provides the "actual heat exchange intensity used in the current cycle." The two equations are sequentially linked, jointly completing the transition from the heat dissipation operating condition state. To heat exchange characterization The continuous deduction.

[0043] During prototype debugging, parameter calibration and effect verification can be performed under three typical operating conditions. The first condition is the equipment being placed in an exposed state, used to determine the reference heat exchange level. The second category is the stable hand grip state, used to fit the principal attenuation coefficient. The third category is partial coverage or clothing obscuring the surface, used for fitting the quadratic correction coefficients. The equipment is then switched between these operating conditions in a predetermined sequence, and the data for each control cycle is recorded. , and As a result, we observed whether the heat exchange characterization parameters converged to the baseline value during the stable operating phase and whether they exhibited a smooth transition during the operating condition switching phase. After such adjustments, the output of S103... It's not just a theoretical formula result, but a control variable already matched to the specific structure, heat dissipation scenario, and switching process of the hand heater. Thus, when S104 directly reads... When performing power control, the basis is not a simple status label, but a heat exchange characteristic quantity that has taken into account the current operating level and the operating condition switching process, so that the entire invention forms a continuous technical chain of "thermal response observation, heat dissipation condition determination, heat exchange capacity quantification, and power execution adjustment".

[0044] S104: Based on the heat exchange characterization quantity, calculate the target power control value for the current cycle using a power function; convert the target power control value into a directly executable duty cycle control quantity using a control chip; and control the hand heater based on the target power control value and the duty cycle control quantity, specifically including: S104 reads the output of S103 and writes the heat exchange characterization value into the control variable area. This quantity is then directly converted into power control commands that the heating drive module can execute. This process is the final step in the entire solution, truly bringing it to the equipment's operational level: S101 organizes temperature changes and heating inputs into thermal response observations. S102 categorizes continuous thermal response into heat dissipation operating conditions. S103 further quantifies the heat dissipation conditions into continuously changing heat exchange characteristics. Therefore, at this stage, the control chip has grasped the "current level of heat dissipation," a quantity directly serving heating control. This is crucial for hand warmers because their usage states change rapidly; a user might pick up the device from a table, then hold it securely, and then enter a clothing-covered environment. If power control still relies solely on a single temperature threshold, problems such as slow response or localized heat buildup will occur. When the input is used, the power control is based on the current heat exchange capacity itself, so it can generate power commands that are closer to the actual heat dissipation environment.

[0045] When the device's heat dissipation capacity increases, a higher heating input is needed to maintain a similar perceived warming effect; conversely, when the device's heat dissipation capacity decreases, the heating input should be actively reduced to prevent heat accumulation in localized areas. When the control quantity monotonically changes with a certain state quantity, it should not be amplified indefinitely, but rather a continuous mapping with an upper limit should be used to automatically slow down the output in the high input region. Therefore, we can start by considering that "power should follow..." Starting from the fundamental requirement of "monotonically increasing," a buffer term is introduced into the denominator to allow the power to gradually approach the set upper limit under high heat exchange capacity, thus balancing rapid heating and operational safety. Based on this derivation, the minimum sustaining power is pre-written into the parameter area of ​​the control chip. Maximum permissible power and mapping buffer coefficient Then, the target power command for the current cycle is calculated using the power function, specifically: ; in, This indicates the power control command generated in the current cycle, which is calculated by the control chip and then sent to the heating drive module. This represents the minimum sustaining power, which is the lower limit of output required for the device to maintain basic temperature sensing when the heat exchange capacity is low. This value is written into the parameter area during the prototype calibration phase. This indicates the maximum allowable power, which corresponds to the upper limit of the equipment's output when it has strong heat exchange capacity and allows for rapid reheating. This value is also written into the parameter area during the prototype calibration phase. This represents the heat exchange characteristic quantity output by S103, used to describe the strength of its ability to transfer heat outward under the current operating conditions. This represents the mapping buffer coefficient, used to adjust power as a function of the system. The sensitivity increases, and the mapping curve automatically slows down in the high-value region. The original prototype of this formula comes from the proportional control relationship, that is, the control quantity increases with the increase of the state quantity; based on this, this step introduces a fractional buffer term. This transforms a simple linear mapping into a continuous mapping with an upper limit.

[0046] The reason for this is directly related to the scenario of hand warmers: when a user switches from an exposed desktop position to a stable holding position, the heat exchange capacity changes significantly, requiring a timely increase in power; when the device is already operating at a high heat exchange capacity, continuing to linearly increase the power would result in an overly steep output change, hence the need for a more precise control. This creates a gradual and gradual adjustment relationship, making the power increase smoother. Since the fractional term is a dimensionless proportion, both sides of the equation maintain the same type of power quantity, and the calculation relationship is consistent in a physical sense.

[0047] Upon receiving the target power command Subsequently, the control chip further transforms this into a duty cycle control quantity that the drive circuit can directly execute. This process originates from the pulse width modulation method in power electronic control, which, under the conditions of a fixed supply voltage and heating element, achieves continuous variation of average power by adjusting the conduction ratio of the switching device within a control cycle. The rated power of the device under the current drive structure is recorded before it leaves the factory. During operation, the control chip normalizes the target power and rated power to obtain the duty cycle control quantity for the current period. This value is then written to the pulse width modulation register to drive the power switching device. The conversion relationship is: ; in, This indicates the duty cycle control amount written to the drive register in the current period, which is calculated by the control chip and directly used to drive the heating switch device. This represents the target power command obtained from the previous equation; This represents the rated power of the current drive structure under rated power supply conditions. This value is written into the parameter area during the drive module calibration phase. The formula originates from the average power conversion relationship in pulse width modulation control. This step directly converts the target power command into the drive duty cycle control quantity, enabling the algorithm results to be implemented at the actual execution layer. Because... It is obtained from the ratio of the target power to the rated power, and therefore can be directly written into the register as the drive duty cycle setting value. If the calculated... If the value exceeds the allowable range of the drive module, the control chip limits it to the allowable range before writing it into the register, and then drives the heating element to conduct, thereby ensuring that the control command can be executed without exceeding the hardware boundary.

[0048] Specifically, suppose a certain model of hand heater has parameters written into it after calibration. , , , If the current output heat exchange characterization quantity of S103 is First calculate the fractional terms. Substituting this into the first equation, we get... Substituting this into the second equation, we get... The control chip then writes this duty cycle control value into the pulse width modulation register, causing the heating switch to operate at approximately 70% conduction ratio during the current control cycle. If subsequent changes in operating conditions cause the heat exchange characteristic value output by S103 to increase... Then the fractional terms become From the first equation, we can obtain Then, from the second equation, we get This indicates that under conditions where heat exchange capacity is stronger and heat is more easily dissipated, the system automatically increases the conduction ratio, thereby enhancing its heat replenishment capacity. Conversely, when the equipment is in a condition where heat is more easily accumulated, such as when S103 outputs... When, the fractional term is ,get ,and then At this time, the control chip will reduce the duty cycle, so that the heating element works at a lower average power, thereby suppressing excessive local temperature rise.

[0049] From the perspective of prototype debugging, the execution effect of this step can be recorded in three typical scenarios. The first scenario is when the equipment is placed in an exposed state, in which case the output of S103 is... Generally higher, obtained after substituting into the above formula. and The height is also relatively high, allowing the equipment to compensate for heat loss more quickly; the second type is the stable grip state, at which point... As the temperature drops to the middle range, the power control command is adjusted accordingly to maintain stable heating after hand contact is established; the third type is when the device is covered by clothing or in a partially enclosed state. To further reduce power consumption, the system automatically compresses the power to a level closer to the maintenance level, minimizing localized heat buildup caused by enhanced ambient insulation. By recording the temperature rise curves and drive register write values ​​under these scenarios, it can be directly observed that as the S103 output... Continuous change, generated in this step and This also changes synchronously and continuously, ultimately manifesting as a change in the conduction ratio of the heating element. In this way, the entire invention forms a system based on the thermal response observation. , to heat dissipation condition Then, to heat exchange characterization Ultimately, the power control command is obtained. And its complete closed-loop chain of execution.

[0050] The above embodiments are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control method for a hand warmer based on multi-source data analysis, characterized in that, include: Acquire temperature sequences and their corresponding drive power data, and construct multi-source data observations based on the temperature sequences and drive power data; The average thermal response value is calculated based on the multi-source data observations. A heat dissipation condition judgment index is constructed based on the average thermal response value. The heat dissipation condition judgment index is compared with a pre-written condition threshold range to generate the heat dissipation condition corresponding to the current period. Obtain the reference heat exchange level corresponding to the heat dissipation condition in the current cycle, calculate the basic heat exchange level corresponding to the current condition based on the reference heat exchange level and the heat dissipation condition, take the basic heat exchange level corresponding to the current condition and the historical condition as the target value and the historical value, and calculate the heat exchange characterization quantity of the current cycle in combination with the state jump correction coefficient. Based on the heat exchange characterization quantity, the target power control value for the current cycle is calculated through a power function. The target power control value is then converted into a directly executable duty cycle control quantity by a control chip. The hand heater is then controlled based on the target power control value and the duty cycle control quantity.

2. The hand warmer control method based on multi-source data analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation condition is obtained through an index judgment function. The parameters of the index judgment function include the average thermal response value, the fluctuation suppression coefficient, the multi-source data observations of two adjacent periods, and the difference amplitude of the multi-source data observations of two adjacent periods.

3. The hand warmer control method based on multi-source data analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The basic heat exchange level is obtained through a heat exchange level calculation function, the parameters of which include a reference heat exchange level, a state primary attenuation coefficient, a state secondary correction coefficient, and heat dissipation conditions.

4. The hand warmer control method based on multi-source data analysis according to claim 3, characterized in that, The state primary attenuation coefficient, the state secondary correction coefficient, and the state transition correction coefficient are stored in the state register area.

5. The hand warmer control method based on multi-source data analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation conditions are written into the status register area using ordered numerical status codes.

6. The hand warmer control method based on multi-source data analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The duty cycle control quantity is obtained by normalizing the target power control value and the rated power through the control chip.

7. The hand warmer control method based on multi-source data analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parameters of the power function include minimum sustaining power, maximum allowable power, heat exchange characterization, and mapping buffer coefficient.

8. The hand warmer control method based on multi-source data analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature sequence and its corresponding drive power data are acquired at the same sampling rate.

9. The hand warmer control method based on multi-source data analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reference heat exchange level is obtained during the prototype calibration phase, and the reference heat exchange level is used to represent the baseline heat exchange capacity under reference operating conditions.

10. The hand warmer control method based on multi-source data analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control of the hand heater based on the target power control value and duty cycle control amount specifically includes: Obtain the target power control value and duty cycle control value; Write the target power control value and duty cycle control value into the drive register; The heating element is controlled according to the corresponding conduction ratio within the current cycle by driving the drive register.

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