Air handling device with fluid dynamics optimized for an enclosed space
By designing scalable modules and optimizing internal and external duct structures, the problems of airflow exchange and heat transfer in enclosed space air handling units have been solved, achieving energy-efficient and high-quality air quality management and adapting to air handling units with different wall thicknesses.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- RADOLF AG
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-16
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, the airflow exchange and heat transfer of air handling devices for confined spaces are not optimized, and the devices are complex in design, occupy a large space, and are difficult to adapt to different wall thicknesses.
Design a device comprising first and second modules, which are telescopically connected to accommodate different wall thicknesses, with internal and external duct structures optimizing airflow paths, finned designs improving heat exchange efficiency, and control units and sensor systems optimizing air quality management.
It optimizes airflow exchange, saves energy and space, adapts to different wall thicknesses, improves air handling efficiency, and improves air quality in enclosed spaces.
Smart Images
Figure CN122228418A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a device equipped with a fluid dynamics optimization system for treating air in a confined space, particularly for reducing radon concentration. Background Technology
[0002] WO2021004867A1, by the same applicant, describes an apparatus for processing air within a confined space. The apparatus includes an electrostatic measuring chamber that defines an effective volume for measuring radon concentration. The measuring chamber contains a detector and a collecting electrode.
[0003] The proper operation of this device requires two aspects:
[0004] - The air exchange between indoors and outdoors must be measured in an appropriate manner;
[0005] - This air exchange can only occur by ensuring sufficient heat transfer;
[0006] - The inlet and outlet flows must not come into contact.
[0007] In view of the above, fluid dynamics and thermodynamics studies have been carried out to optimize the WO2021004867A1 device and improve the above aspects. Summary of the Invention
[0008] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art by designing an air handling device for confined spaces, which can optimize airflow exchange between the inside and outside of the device.
[0009] Another objective is to design an air handling device for enclosed spaces that is energy-efficient, space-saving, easy to install, practical, versatile, and adaptable to different wall thicknesses.
[0010] According to the invention, these objectives can be achieved by the features listed in the appended independent claim 1.
[0011] The advantageous results can be seen from the dependent claims.
[0012] The apparatus according to the invention is defined by independent claim 1. Attached Figure Description
[0013] For ease of explanation, the following description of the apparatus of the present invention will continue with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are for illustrative and limiting purposes only, wherein:
[0014] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the device according to the present invention;
[0015] Figure 2 yes Figure 1A three-dimensional view of the axial cross-section of the device shown.
[0016] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Axial cross-sectional view of the first module of the device shown;
[0017] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Axial cross-sectional view of the second module of the device shown;
[0018] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A three-dimensional view of the central body of the first module;
[0019] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Cross-sectional view of the central body of the first module;
[0020] Figure 7 This is an axial cross-sectional view of the device according to the invention, showing the airflow from the outside to the inside;
[0021] Figure 8 This is an axial cross-sectional view of the device according to the invention, showing the airflow from the inside to the outside;
[0022] Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 It is along Figure 8 Cross-sectional views taken from sections IX-IX, XX, and XI-XI;
[0023] Figure 12 This is an axial cross-sectional view of the device according to the invention, showing the cable connecting the second fan to the power supply;
[0024] Figure 13 It is along Figure 12 A cross-sectional view taken from section XIII-XIII;
[0025] Figure 13A yes Figure 13 Magnified details;
[0026] Figure 14 This is a perspective view of the device according to the invention, wherein the opening is separated from its rear wall, showing the electromechanical safety system disposed in the outer chamber of the opening of the device according to the invention;
[0027] Figure 15 It is along Figure 14 The view taken from the cross section XV-XV;
[0028] Figure 16 yes Figure 14 The diagram shows a three-dimensional representation of the electromechanical safety system.
[0029] Figure 15 This is a block diagram illustrating the control logic of the device according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0030] The apparatus of the present invention (denoted by reference numeral 100) will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0031] The device 100 is suitable for installation on the wall separating a closed indoor space from an outdoor space. Its function is to reduce / eliminate the concentration of air pollutants such as radon, CO2 and particulate matter (PM), thereby improving indoor air quality.
[0032] In the following text, "front" and "back" refer to the observers standing in the enclosed space.
[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the device 100 includes a first module 1 and a second module 2, which are tubular in shape.
[0034] The first module 1 and the second module 2 are connected to each other in a telescopic manner, thereby sliding axially and changing the axial length of the device 100 according to the wall thickness on which the device is installed.
[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, the first module has an opening 10 suitable for placement in a confined space. The opening 10 is generally cylindrical and has a side wall 11, a front wall 12, and a rear wall 13.
[0036] The catheter 14 is coaxially arranged within the orifice 10, thereby forming an outer chamber C1 between the catheter and the orifice, and an inner chamber C2 inside the catheter.
[0037] The conveyor 6, the first fan V1, and the filter Z are disposed in the inner chamber C2 of the duct 14 at the mouth.
[0038] The side wall 11 of the mouth has an opening 11a for an air inlet communicating with the outer chamber C1 of the mouth. The front wall 12 of the mouth has an opening 12a for an air outlet communicating with the inner chamber C2 of the duct of the mouth.
[0039] The conveyor 6 is located at the rear end of the duct 14 at the mouth; the filter Z is configured to contact the front wall 12 of the mouth; and the first fan V1 is located between the conveyor 6 and the duct 14 at the mouth.
[0040] The conveyor 6 is conical or pyramidal in shape, with its tip pointing toward the axis of the first fan V1, thereby conveying air radially toward the axis of the fan.
[0041] The first fan V1 is configured to draw in air entering the inner chamber C2 and, after the air passes through the filter Z, spray the air toward the opening 12a of the front wall 12 of the mouth.
[0042] Filter Z is adapted to filter air drawn in from the outside by the first fan V1. Filter Z is a particulate filter configured to filter particles with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 µm. In summary, air is filtered before entering the enclosed space.
[0043] The external cavity C1 of the mouth consists of the following components:
[0044] - Control unit 9, which manages the operation of the electrical components of the device; and
[0045] - Power supply unit D, which is responsible for supplying power to the electrical components of the device.
[0046] The first module 1 includes a main body 3 that protrudes axially from the opening 10 to the rear.
[0047] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the main body includes an inner pipe 30 and an outer pipe 31.
[0048] The inner pipe 30 is cylindrical.
[0049] The outer pipe 31 is a grooved pipe with a square wave shape, which expands in a circular shape around the inner pipe 30. Therefore, the outer pipe 31 includes a plurality of radially outward protrusions 32 and a plurality of radially inward recesses 33.
[0050] Each protrusion 32 forms an inner channel 34 between two adjacent grooves. Each groove 33 forms an outer channel 35 between two adjacent protrusions.
[0051] Each groove 33 has a U-shaped cross-section and includes a bottom wall 36 and two side walls 37.
[0052] The bottom wall 36 of the groove maintains a certain distance d from the inner pipe 30, thereby forming an annular gap G between the inner pipe 30 and the bottom wall 36 of the groove. This annular gap G communicates with the inner channel 34.
[0053] Preferably, the main body 3 of the first module includes: a plurality of inner channels 34, the number of which is six to ten; and a plurality of outer channels 35, the number of which is six to ten.
[0054] In cross-section, the sum of the surface areas of the outer channels 35 is equal to the circular surface area defined by the inner pipe 30 of the main body of the first module, thereby ensuring the uniformity of airflow from the inside to the outside and from the outside to the inside.
[0055] Multiple fins 38 extend into the groove 33, i.e., within the outer channel 35, thus making the outer channel 35 a finned conduit with a larger heat exchange surface area than the inner channel 34. The fins 38 are longitudinally ribbed and extend longitudinally.
[0056] Fins 38 protrude from the sidewalls 37 of the groove 33. Preferably, each sidewall 37 of the groove includes a plurality of fins 38, the number of which is two to six.
[0057] The inner pipe 30 is connected to the outer pipe 31 by radial ribs 39, which protrude from the inner pipe 30 and connect to the bottom wall 36 of some grooves in the outer pipe 31. For example, there are four radial ribs 39 connecting the inner pipe 30 to the outer pipe 31.
[0058] The main body 3 of the first element is made of a heat dissipation material (such as aluminum), thereby serving as a heat exchanger.
[0059] Back Figure 3 The inner pipe 30 of the main body 3 of the first element is connected to the conveyor 6, while the outer pipe 31 of the main body 3 of the first element is connected to the rear wall 13 of the opening 10.
[0060] The first module 1 includes an annular front flange 7, which is disposed between the conveyor 6 and the outer pipe 31 of the main body of the first module. The front flange 7 functions as an air distributor.
[0061] like Figure 9 As shown, the front flange 7 closes the entrance to the outer channel 35 of the body of the first module, while allowing the entrance to the inner channel 34 to enter. Therefore, the front flange 7 has an opening 70 at the inner channel 34 of the body of the first module. Thus, air impacting the front flange 7 from the inside is only introduced into the gap G between the inner channel 34 and the body of the first module.
[0062] like Figure 7 As shown, the front flange 7 has a connecting conduit 72, which connects the outer channel 35 of the body of the first module with the inner chamber C1 of the opening 10 of the first module.
[0063] like Figure 4 As shown, the second module 2 has: an opening 20 adapted to be disposed outside a sealed space; and a body 4 that protrudes forward axially from the opening, thereby connecting with the body 3 of the first module.
[0064] In view of the above, the opening 10 of the first module is located at the front of the device 100, and the opening 20 of the second module is located at the rear of the device 100.
[0065] The mouth 20 is roughly cylindrical and has side walls 21 and a posterior wall 22.
[0066] The catheter 24 is coaxially arranged in the orifice 20 of the second module, forming an outer chamber C3 between the catheter and the orifice and an inner chamber C4 inside the catheter.
[0067] The second fan V2 is disposed in the inner chamber C3 of the conduit 24 at the mouth of the second module.
[0068] The side wall 21 of the second module's opening has an opening 21a for an air inlet communicating with the outer chamber C3 of the second module's opening. The rear wall 22 of the second module's opening has an opening 22a for an air outlet communicating with the inner chamber C4 of the conduit of the second module's opening.
[0069] The second fan V2 is configured to draw air from the inner chamber C4 toward the opening 22a on the rear wall of the second module's inlet.
[0070] The main body 4 of the second module includes an inner pipe 40 and an outer pipe 41.
[0071] The inner pipe 40 of the main body of the second module is cylindrical, and its diameter is smaller than that of the inner pipe 30 of the main body of the first module.
[0072] like Figure 2 As shown, the inner pipe 40 of the main body of the second module is disposed inside the inner pipe 30 of the main body of the first module, thereby forming a gap I between the inner pipe of the main body of the second module and the inner pipe of the main body of the first module.
[0073] The outer pipe 41 of the main body of the second module is cylindrical, and its diameter is larger than that of the outer pipe 31 of the main body of the first module.
[0074] like Figure 2 and Figure 10 As shown, the outer pipe 41 of the main body of the second module is installed on the outer pipe 31 of the main body of the first module, thereby sealing the outer channel 35 of the main body of the first module.
[0075] Back Figure 4 The inner pipe 40 of the main body of the second module is connected to the second fan V2. The outer pipe 41 of the main body of the second module is connected to the side wall 21 of the inlet of the second module.
[0076] The second module 2 includes an annular rear flange 8, which is disposed between the inner pipe 40 and the outer pipe 41 of the main body of the second module. The rear flange 8 functions as an air distributor.
[0077] like Figure 11As shown, the rear flange 8 closes the entrance to the inner channel 34 and the gap G of the body of the first module, while allowing the entrance to the outer channel 35 of the body of the first module to enter. Therefore, the rear flange 8 has an opening 80 at the outer channel 35 of the body of the first module. Thus, air impacting the rear flange 8 from the outside only enters the outer channel 35 of the body of the first module and does not enter the inner channel 34 and the gap G of the body of the first module.
[0078] like Figure 8 As shown, the rear flange 8 has a connecting conduit 82 for connecting the inner channel 34 of the body of the first module to the gap I between the inner conduit 40 of the body of the second module and the inner conduit 30 of the body of the first module.
[0079] like Figure 7 The diagram illustrates the airflow from the outside to the inside generated by operating the first fan V1. The airflow direction is indicated by arrows and marked with Fi.
[0080] Air from the outside enters through the opening 21a of the side wall 21 of the second module's inlet and flows into the outer chamber C3 of the second module's inlet. The air impacts the rear flange 8. Then, the air enters the opening 80 of the rear flange and flows into the outer channel 35 of the first module's body.
[0081] Air flowing through the outer channel 35 of the main body of the first module comes into contact with the fins 38 inside the outer channel 35 of the main body of the first module and exchanges heat, thereby achieving regulation. Then, the air reaches the front flange 7, enters the connecting conduit 72 of the front flange, and is delivered to the inner chamber C1 of the conduit 14 of the opening 10 of the first module.
[0082] Air impacts conveyor 6, which delivers air to first fan V1, which draws in air and pushes it onto filter Z. The filtered and regulated air is then discharged from opening 12a in the front wall of the first module into the enclosed space.
[0083] like Figure 8 The diagram illustrates the airflow from the inside to the outside generated when the second fan V2 is operated. This airflow is indicated by an arrow and marked with Fo.
[0084] Air from the interior enters through the opening 11a of the side wall 11 of the first module's inlet, reaching the outer chamber C1 of the first module's inlet. The air then impacts the front flange 7. Consequently, the air enters the opening 70 of the front flange and flows into the gap G between the inner channel 34 and the body of the first module. The air reaches the rear flange 8 and is transported through the connecting conduit 82 of the rear flange to the gap I between the inner pipe 40 of the second module's body and the inner pipe 30 of the first module's body. In summary, the air reaches the inner pipe 40 of the second module's body along an S-shaped curved path. The conveyor 6 prevents air from entering the inner chamber C2 of the first module's inlet.
[0085] Air contained in the inner pipe 40 of the main body of the second module is drawn into the inner chamber C4 of the conduit 24 at the mouth of the second module by the second fan V2, and then discharged from the opening 22a of the rear wall 22 of the mouth of the second module.
[0086] It is important to note that the airflow Fi from the outside to the inside flows in the opposite direction to the airflow Fo from the inside to the outside. The main body 3, which is the first module of the heat exchanger, operates at maximum efficiency, thereby achieving heat exchange between the air from the inside and the air from the outside.
[0087] The function of the first fan V1 is to introduce airflow Fi from the outdoor space into the enclosed space. The function of the second fan V2 is to draw airflow Fo from the enclosed space and discharge the airflow to the outside. The paths of the two airflows are as follows: Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown. When fans V1 and V2 are operating, device 100 is able to simultaneously create two airflows Fi and Fo, and always keep them separated from each other.
[0088] It should be noted that the front flange 7 and the rear flange 8 function as air distributors. The front flange 7 delivers the airflow Fo to the inner channel 34 of the main body of the first module; on the other hand, the rear flange 8 delivers the airflow Fi to the outer channel 35 of the main body of the first module.
[0089] The main body 3 of the first module functions to absorb heat from the airflow Fo from the enclosed space and release the heat into the airflow Fi from the outside. The main body 3 of the first module ensures that the air entering the enclosed space does not cause any sudden changes in temperature within the enclosed space.
[0090] like Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 13AAs shown, the second fan V2 is connected to the power supply D via cable 200. Cable 200 is located within one of the outer channels 35 of the outer conduit of the first module. Cable 200 passes through the hole 73 of the front flange 7 of the first module and enters the outer cavity C1 of the opening, where it connects to the power supply D. Cable 200 is in a flexible spiral shape, and its length can be adjusted when the first module 1 and the second module 2 move telescopically.
[0091] like Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, the device 100 includes an electromechanical safety system 300, which includes a disconnection device 301 that functions as a switch to enable and disable current flow to fans V1 and V2.
[0092] When the opening 10 is closed on its rear wall 13, the opening 10 contacts the disconnecting device 301, which closes the circuit, thereby allowing current to flow from the power supply D to the fans V1 and V2.
[0093] When the opening 10 is opened, that is, separated from the rear wall 13, the opening 10 does not contact the disconnecting device 301. The disconnecting device 301 disconnects the circuit and interrupts the current flow from the power supply D to the fans V1 and V2.
[0094] The disconnector 301 is mounted on the electronic board 302 through which the high-voltage power supply passes. The fuse 303 is mounted below the electronic board 302. The fuse 303 serves as a safety device to prevent malfunctions in the disconnector 301 or the power supply D.
[0095] like Figure 17 As shown, the device 100 includes a sensor unit S connected to the control unit 9. The sensor unit S includes at least one sensor suitable for detecting air quality, such as a radon sensor R, a particulate matter sensor PM, a CO2 sensor C, and a pressure sensor P.
[0096] Control unit 9 is configured to receive an air quality indication value within the enclosed space from sensor unit S. Control unit 9 includes a comparator for comparing the air quality indication value with a stored threshold. Control unit 9 is connected to fans V1 and V2, which will activate based on the air quality detected by sensor unit S. Control unit 9 is configured to activate and move fans V1 and V2 individually and / or simultaneously when the air quality value is higher than the threshold.
[0097] Advantageously, sensor unit S includes a radon sensor R for detecting radon concentration in the enclosed space. Furthermore, sensor unit S may also include: a pressure sensor P connected to control unit 9 for sending air pressure information within the enclosed space to control unit 7; and / or a CO2 sensor C for sending carbon dioxide information within the enclosed space to control unit 9. Sensor unit S may also include a particulate matter sensor PM connected to control unit 9 for sending particulate matter (PM1, PM2.5, and PM10) information in the air within the enclosed space to control unit 7.
[0098] In this case, the comparator of the control unit 9 is configured to compare the detected radon concentration value R with the threshold radon concentration value, compare the detected particulate matter value (PM1, PM2.5 and PM10) with the threshold particulate matter value, compare the detected CO2 value with the threshold CO2 value, and compare the detected pressure value with the threshold pressure value.
Claims
1. A device (100) for treating air in a confined space, comprising: - First module (1), comprising: an opening (10) adapted to be disposed within a sealed space; and a body (3) protruding rearward from the opening, and - The second module (2) has: an opening (20) adapted to be disposed outside the enclosed space; and a body (4) protruding forward from the opening to connect with the body (3) of the first module; The opening (10) of the first module is located at the front of the device (100), and the opening (20) of the second module is located at the rear of the device (100). The opening (10) of the first module has a conduit (14) that defines: an inner chamber (C2) communicating with an opening (11a); and an outer chamber (C1) communicating with an opening (12a); The opening (20) of the second module has a conduit (24) that defines: an outer chamber (C3) communicating with an opening (21a); and an inner chamber (C4) communicating with an opening (22a); The main body (3) of the first module has an inner pipe (30) and an outer pipe (31). The main body (4) of the second module has: an inner pipe (40) which is disposed in the inner pipe (30) of the main body of the first module to form a gap (1); and an outer pipe (41) which is installed on the outer pipe (41) of the main body of the first module; The device further includes: - A first fan (V1) is disposed in the inner chamber (C2) of the inlet of the first module, thereby generating airflow from the outside to the inside of the enclosed space; - A second fan (V2) is disposed in the inner chamber (C4) of the inlet of the second module, thereby generating airflow from the inside to the outside of the enclosed space; - A filter (Z) is disposed in the inner chamber (C1) of the opening of the first module; - Sensor unit (S), adapted to detect air quality indication values within the enclosed space; and - Control unit (9), which is connected to the sensor unit (S) to receive the air quality indication value and control the fan (V1, V2) according to the detected value. Its characteristics are: The outer pipe (31) of the main body of the first module is a grooved pipe with a square wave shape, which is circularly unfolded around the inner pipe (30) of the main body of the first module. The outer pipe (31) includes a plurality of protrusions (32) that protrude radially outward and a plurality of grooves (33) that are recessed radially inward. Each protrusion (32) forms an inner channel (34) between two adjacent grooves, in which air flows from the inside of the sealed space to the outside. Each groove (33) forms an outer channel (35) between two adjacent protrusions, in which air flows from the outside of the sealed space to the inside.
2. The apparatus (100) according to claim 1, wherein, Each groove (33) of the outer pipe of the main body of the first module has a U-shaped cross-section and includes a bottom wall (36) and two side walls (37).
3. The apparatus (100) according to claim 2, wherein, The bottom wall (36) of the groove of the outer pipe of the main body of the first module is set to be separated from the inner pipe (30) of the main body of the first module by a distance (d), thereby defining an annular gap (G) between the inner pipe (30) and the bottom wall (36) of the groove, which communicates with the inner channel (34) of the outer pipe of the main body of the first module.
4. The apparatus (100) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein, The outer channel (35) of the outer pipe of the main body of the first module is a finned pipe with multiple fins (38) extending into the groove (33) of the outer pipe of the main body of the first module.
5. The apparatus (100) according to claim 4, wherein, The fins (38) of the outer channel (35) of the outer pipe of the main body of the first module are longitudinal ribs that protrude from the side wall (37) of the groove (33) of the outer pipe of the main body of the first module.
6. The apparatus (100) according to claim 5, wherein, The outer pipe of the main body of the first module has a plurality of fins (38) on each side wall (37) of the groove (33), the number of which is two to six.
7. The apparatus (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The main body of the first module has an external pipe (31) with: a number of internal channels (34), the number of which is six to ten; and a number of external channels (35), the number of which is six to ten.
8. The apparatus (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The inner conduit (30) is connected to the outer conduit (31) of the body of the first module by radial ribs (39) protruding from the inner conduit (30), thereby connecting to the bottom wall (36) of some grooves of the outer conduit (31).
9. The apparatus (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The inner pipe (30) and outer pipe (31) of the main body of the first module are made of heat dissipation material, such as aluminum.
10. The apparatus (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, In cross-section, the sum of the surface areas of the outer channel (35) is equal to the circular surface area defined by the inner pipe (30) of the body of the first module.