Slope ecological construction method and structure based on netted soil spray and sowing foundation

Abstract

A method and structure for ecological slope construction based on netting and topsoil spraying includes: cleaning the netting and topsoil spraying slope surface; laying a bottom layer of moisture-retaining blankets, with the bottom layer blankets overlapping at a set distance, and fixing the bottom layer of moisture-retaining blankets to the bottom layer of topsoil and netting with fasteners; laying a middle layer of moisture-retaining blankets and mixing in fertilizer; setting an upper layer of moisture-retaining blankets; determining planting points on the upper layer of moisture-retaining blankets, cutting incisions at the planting points, and placing the seedlings to be planted into the incisions; and maintaining the slope surface. In the above method and structure, the bottom layer of moisture-retaining blankets adheres closely to the original slope surface, playing a role in buffering, moisture retention, and preventing the germination of weeds in the lower layer; the middle layer of moisture-retaining blankets retains water and fertilizer; the upper layer of moisture-retaining blankets is in contact with the seedling root ball and exposed to the atmosphere, inhibiting upper layer weeds and reducing water evaporation. Through the incisions to accommodate the root ball, the seedling roots grow rapidly in the moist, fertile, and weed-free environment created by the moisture-retaining blankets, penetrating the fiber gaps of the bottom layer of moisture-retaining blankets and sinking into the deep layer of the original topsoil, achieving stable anchoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological environment maintenance, and in particular to a method and structure for ecological slope construction based on netting and topsoil spraying. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of slope management and ecological restoration, geomesh netting and topsoil spraying is a widely used core technology for slope vegetation construction. This technology involves laying metal mesh or geonet on the slope and spraying a mixed matrix composed of topsoil, binder, fertilizer, and plant seeds to achieve initial greening and stabilization of the slope in a relatively short time. It is convenient to construct, low in cost, and widely applicable, especially suitable for slope projects with poor soil quality and steep slopes. Through the synergistic model of "protective netting fixation + topsoil matrix support," it creates stable conditions for slope vegetation growth, demonstrating significant technical characteristics and application value.

[0003] The wire mesh and geogrid hydroseeding technology, through the laying of galvanized wire mesh and geogrids, can closely conform to the slope shape, forming a fixed framework for the surface soil and improving the slope's structural stability. Furthermore, the topsoil matrix, scientifically formulated, typically contains organic matter, slow-release fertilizer, water-retaining agents, and plant seeds, balancing nutrient supply and water retention to meet the growth needs of plants from germination to seedling stage. The mechanical hydroseeding method ensures high efficiency, uniform coverage, and suitability for slopes of varying gradients. Its applications are wide-ranging, covering highway and railway slopes, mine ecological restoration slopes, water conservancy project banks, and urban slope greening. It is particularly suitable for areas with weak soil foundations, such as rock slopes and soil-rock mixed slopes, and exhibits good adaptability to slopes from 1:0.5 to 1:2.0, making it a mainstream technology choice for combining engineering construction with ecological restoration. Although the hydroseeding technique has been widely used in slope ecological restoration projects in recent years and has shown significant advantages in rapid soil stabilization and initial revegetation, several limitations and technical bottlenecks have gradually emerged in its practical promotion and long-term application: First, regarding vegetation construction, the plant communities formed by this technology largely rely on hydroseeded herbaceous and shrub seeds, resulting in a simple community structure and a lack of a multi-layered ecological landscape with organic integration of trees, shrubs, and grasses. Later, weed invasion is highly likely, not only causing a cluttered landscape but also fiercely competing with the target species for water, fertilizer, and light resources, leading to the degradation of the target vegetation community, unstable ecological functions, and difficulty in achieving sustainable landscape effects. Second, while the use of metal mesh or geonet as a foundation reinforcement layer enhances the slope's resistance to erosion, it also significantly complicates subsequent vegetation upgrades and modifications. If it is necessary to replant trees or large shrubs with soil balls that have landscape or ecological value, the presence of the mesh severely hinders planting operations. Manually cutting the mesh is not only inefficient and costly but may also damage the stability of the existing slope, with the cuts easily becoming weak points for soil erosion. Furthermore, mesh breakage or corrosion may pose potential safety risks, especially when parts of the mesh are buried deep in the soil, further increasing the difficulty and uncertainty of construction.

[0004] Furthermore, this technology also has significant shortcomings in post-planting maintenance. Due to the existing netting and substrate layer on the slope, traditional fertilization methods such as hole application and trench application are difficult to implement efficiently, and topdressing is inconvenient and has low nutrient utilization. At the same time, the vegetation layer formed by hydroseeding often has high requirements for water and fertilizer management, but existing technologies lack corresponding refined and mechanized maintenance measures, which affects the survival rate and growth quality of seedlings, thus restricting the improvement and long-term maintenance of ecological restoration effects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a slope ecological construction method based on netting and topsoil spraying that can improve the ecological restoration effect.

[0006] Meanwhile, a slope ecological construction structure based on netting and topsoil spraying is provided to improve the ecological restoration effect.

[0007] A method for ecological construction of slopes based on netting and topsoil spraying includes: Cleaning: Clean the existing slope surface with netting and topsoil spraying; Laying the bottom layer: Lay the bottom layer moisture-retaining blanket, overlapping the bottom layer moisture-retaining blankets at a set distance, and use fasteners to fix the bottom layer moisture-retaining blankets to the underlying topsoil and mesh surface; Laying the middle layer: Lay a middle layer moisture-retaining blanket, mixed with fertilizer; Lay the upper layer: Lay the upper layer moisture-retaining blanket; Planting: Determine the planting point on the upper moisture-retaining blanket, make an incision at the planting point, and place the seedling to be planted into the incision; Maintenance: Maintain the slope surface.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, laying the bottom layer includes: laying the bottom layer moisture-retaining blanket from top to bottom along the slope, with the bottom layer moisture-retaining blankets overlapping by 10-15cm.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom moisture-retaining blanket comprises a straw fiber blanket, which includes 80-90% rice and wheat straw fiber and 10-20% PE / PET fiber.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the laying of the intermediate layer includes: laying an intermediate layer moisture-retaining blanket, incorporating a coated slow-release fertilizer and adding a water-retaining agent during the laying of the intermediate layer moisture-retaining blanket.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the laying of the intermediate layer includes: laying an intermediate layer moisture-retaining blanket, incorporating a coated slow-release fertilizer and a polyacrylamide water-retaining agent during the laying of the intermediate layer moisture-retaining blanket, and fixing the intermediate layer moisture-retaining blanket with fasteners. The coating slow-release fertilizer composition includes: N:P:K = (14-16): (14-16): (14-16), with an application rate of 0.15-0.25 kg / m², and the polyacrylamide water-retaining agent dosage is 15-25 g / m².

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the coating-type slow-release fertilizer composition includes N:P:K = 15:15:15, and the application rate is 0.2 kg / m².

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the middle layer moisturizing blanket includes plant fiber moisturizing cotton, which comprises 50-70% wood fiber and 30-50% polyester fiber, and is formed by needle punching.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the upper layer is laid as follows: an upper layer moisture-retaining blanket is laid, and a water-retaining agent is added. The amount of water-retaining agent is 20-30g / ㎡. The upper layer moisture-retaining blanket includes a coconut fiber and rice straw mixed blanket, which uses 60-80% coconut fiber and 20-40% rice straw.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the upper layer is laid as follows: an upper moisturizing blanket is laid, and a polyacrylamide-based water-retaining agent is added. The upper moisturizing blanket includes a coconut fiber and straw mixed blanket. The coconut fiber and straw mixed blanket is made of 70% coconut fiber and 30% straw, reinforced with upper and lower PP mesh, and 30g / ㎡ of water-retaining agent is added.

[0016] An ecological slope construction structure based on netting and topsoil spraying includes: multiple layers of moisture-retaining blankets and seedlings placed within the multiple layers of moisture-retaining blankets. The multiple layers of moisture-retaining blankets include: a bottom layer, a middle layer, and a top layer of moisture-retaining blankets laid sequentially. The bottom layer of moisture-retaining blankets includes: a straw fiber blanket, which comprises 80-90% rice and wheat straw fiber and 10-20% PE / PET fiber. The middle layer of moisture-retaining blankets includes: plant fiber moisture-retaining cotton and fertilizer mixed therein, which comprises 50-70% wood fiber and 30-50% polyester fiber, formed by needle punching. The top layer of moisture-retaining blankets includes: a coconut fiber and straw mixed blanket and a water-retaining agent added therein, which comprises 60-80% coconut fiber and 20-40% straw.

[0017] The aforementioned slope ecological construction method based on netting and topsoil spraying achieves non-destructive replanting, completely avoiding the structural damage and safety risks associated with cutting the original protective netting. A multi-layered moisture-retaining blanket system is used to create a "microenvironment" conducive to plant root zone growth. The bottom layer of the moisture-retaining blanket adheres closely to the original slope surface, acting as a buffer, retaining moisture, and preventing the growth of weeds in the lower layer. The middle layer is the core water and fertilizer retention layer. The top layer is in direct contact with the seedling root ball and exposed to the atmosphere; its function is to suppress upper-layer weeds, reduce water evaporation, and accommodate the root ball through pre-designed cuts. In the moist, fertile, and weed-free environment created by the moisture-retaining blanket, the seedling roots preferentially and rapidly grow, penetrating the fiber gaps of the bottom layer of the moisture-retaining blanket and ultimately penetrating deep into the original topsoil, achieving stable anchoring.

[0018] The multi-layered moisture-retaining blanket system provides an excellent initial growth environment for seedlings, effectively retaining moisture and fertilizer, promoting root development, and resulting in a high survival rate. Physical mulch effectively suppresses weed germination, reducing maintenance costs. Utilizing the multi-layered moisture-retaining blanket system and employing integrated water and fertilizer management significantly reduces the difficulty and cost of later maintenance, ensuring high efficiency. It rapidly constructs multi-layered, highly stable ecological landscape slopes dominated by woody plants.

[0019] The slope ecological construction method based on netting and topsoil spraying of the present invention is applicable to slopes on netting and topsoil spraying. It is convenient to construct, safe and reliable, and efficient to maintain. Without damaging the original netting and topsoil spraying slope structure, it can achieve successful replanting and rapid establishment of woody plants (trees and shrubs), construct a stable, multi-layered, and ornamental slope ecological landscape, and solve the problem of later maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a partial flowchart of a slope ecological construction method based on netting and topsoil spraying according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2This is a partial schematic diagram of a slope ecological construction structure based on netting and topsoil spraying, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a slope ecological construction method based on netting and topsoil spraying, comprising: Step S101, Cleaning: Clean the existing netted topsoil spraying slope; perform simple cleaning of the existing netted topsoil spraying slope, removing large stones and excessively tall weeds, without damaging the original netting surface.

[0022] Step S103, Laying the base layer: Lay the base layer moisture-retaining blanket, overlapping it at a set distance. Secure the base layer moisture-retaining blanket to the underlying topsoil and mesh using fasteners. U-shaped nails or other fasteners can be used to fully secure the base layer moisture-retaining blanket to the underlying topsoil and mesh, ensuring a smooth and close fit. The main function of the base layer moisture-retaining blanket is to prevent weeds on the slope and buffer soil erosion; no other materials need to be added.

[0023] Step S105, Laying the middle layer: Lay the middle layer moisture-retaining blanket and mix in fertilizer; use fasteners to fix the middle layer moisture-retaining blanket. The fasteners can be U-shaped nails, wooden stakes or biodegradable green plant nails, etc.

[0024] Step S107, Laying the upper layer: Laying the upper moisture-retaining blanket; the upper moisture-retaining blanket helps to suppress weeds and reduce moisture evaporation. This ultimately forms a three-layer moisture-retaining blanket system with considerable total thickness.

[0025] Step S109, Planting: Determine planting points on the upper layer of the moisture-retaining blanket, make incisions at the planting points, and place the seedlings to be planted into the incisions; according to the designed landscape plant configuration diagram (plant spacing, triangular layout, etc.), determine the planting points on the upper layer of the moisture-retaining blanket. Cut a cross-shaped or straight incision at the planting point, with the incision size slightly smaller (1-2cm) than the diameter of the seedling's root ball. Place the seedling with its root ball wrapped inside the incision vertically, and gently press downwards so that the top of the root ball is slightly lower (0-1cm) below or flush with the surface of the moisture-retaining blanket, ensuring close contact between the root ball and the moisture-retaining blanket. At this point, the seedling's root ball is completely wrapped in multiple layers of moisture-retaining blanket, without the need to dig up topsoil or cut the original mesh.

[0026] Step S111, Maintenance: Maintain the slope. Water and fertilizer management can be carried out using sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation, or foliar fertilizer application to directly maintain the slope. Water and nutrients can be efficiently absorbed, stored, and slowly released to the plant root zone by the moisture-retaining blanket, avoiding the inefficiency and high cost of traditional hole-drilling fertilization.

[0027] Using the slope ecological construction method based on netting and topsoil spraying of the present invention, within 1-2 months after the seedlings are planted, under the protection of the multi-layer moisturizing blanket system, the new roots of the seedlings will first develop rapidly in the moist blanket layer, and then penetrate the blanket fibers and penetrate into the lower layer of original topsoil and even deeper soil layers, eventually forming a strong root network, completing the planting and achieving a stable landscape effect.

[0028] This invention utilizes a three-layer moisture-retaining blanket system to construct a "microenvironment" conducive to plant root zone growth. The bottom layer of the moisture-retaining blanket adheres closely to the original slope surface, serving as a buffer, retaining moisture, and preventing the growth of weeds in the lower layer. The middle layer is the core water and fertilizer retention layer. The top layer is in direct contact with the seedling root ball and exposed to the atmosphere; its function is to suppress upper-layer weeds, reduce water evaporation, and accommodate the root ball through pre-designed cuts. In the moist, fertile, and weed-free environment created by the moisture-retaining blanket, the seedling roots preferentially and rapidly grow, penetrating the fiber gaps of the bottom layer of the moisture-retaining blanket and ultimately penetrating deep into the original topsoil, achieving stable anchoring.

[0029] Furthermore, preferably, step S103 of this embodiment, laying the bottom layer includes: laying the bottom layer moisturizing blanket from top to bottom along the slope, with the bottom layer moisturizing blankets overlapping by 10-15cm.

[0030] Furthermore, preferably, the bottom moisture-retaining blanket in this embodiment comprises a rice straw fiber blanket. The rice straw fiber blanket in this embodiment comprises 80-90% rice / wheat straw fiber and 10-20% PE / PET fiber. Using the bottom moisture-retaining blanket of this embodiment facilitates root penetration deep into the original soil of the slope.

[0031] Further, preferably, step S105 of this embodiment, laying the intermediate layer, includes: laying an intermediate layer moisture-retaining blanket, and incorporating a coated slow-release fertilizer during the laying of the intermediate layer moisture-retaining blanket. Further, preferably, a water-retaining agent is also added.

[0032] Further, preferably, step S105 of this embodiment, laying the intermediate layer, includes: laying an intermediate layer moisture-retaining blanket, incorporating a coated slow-release fertilizer and a polyacrylamide-based water-retaining agent during the laying of the intermediate layer moisture-retaining blanket, and fixing the intermediate layer moisture-retaining blanket with fasteners. In this embodiment, the fasteners can be U-shaped nails, wooden stakes, or biodegradable plant nails, etc., to fix the intermediate layer moisture-retaining blanket.

[0033] Further, preferably, the coated slow-release fertilizer of this embodiment comprises: N:P:K = (14-16): (14-16): (14-16), and the application rate is 0.15-0.25 kg / m². The amount of polyacrylamide water-retaining agent in this embodiment is 15-25 g / m² to enhance the persistence of fertilizer fertility.

[0034] Furthermore, preferably, the coating-type slow-release fertilizer composition of this embodiment includes: N:P:K=15:15:15, and the application rate is 0.2kg / m².

[0035] Further, preferably, the middle layer moisture-retaining blanket in this embodiment includes plant fiber moisture-retaining cotton. Preferably, the plant fiber moisture-retaining cotton in this embodiment comprises 50-70% wood fiber and 30-50% polyester fiber, formed by needle punching. The middle layer moisture-retaining blanket of this embodiment has a water absorption capacity of 15-25 times its own weight and a water retention period of 7-10 days. The middle layer moisture-retaining blanket is the most important layer, providing water and nutrients to the plants.

[0036] Further, preferably, in step S107 of this embodiment, laying the upper layer: laying the upper moisture-retaining blanket and adding a water-retaining agent. The amount of water-retaining agent in the upper moisture-retaining blanket in this embodiment is 20-30 g / m². The upper moisture-retaining blanket includes: a coconut fiber and straw mixed blanket. The coconut fiber and straw mixed blanket in this embodiment includes: 60-80% coconut fiber and 20-40% straw.

[0037] Further, preferably, in step S107 of this embodiment, laying the upper layer: laying an upper moisturizing blanket and adding a polyacrylamide-based water-retaining agent. The upper moisturizing blanket in this embodiment includes a coconut fiber and straw mixed blanket. Preferably, the coconut fiber and straw mixed blanket in this embodiment uses 70% coconut fiber and 30% straw, reinforced with upper and lower PP mesh, and 30g / ㎡ of polyacrylamide-based water-retaining agent is added. The upper moisturizing blanket in this embodiment has anti-aging and durable properties, while also maintaining water retention.

[0038] Preferably, the seedlings used in this embodiment are container seedlings or large seedlings with soil balls. The soil ball can be wrapped and reinforced with non-woven mesh bags, biodegradable substrate blocks, or moisture-retaining bags (such as microfiber bags) to ensure the soil ball remains intact during planting and subsequent growth.

[0039] This invention relates to a slope ecological construction method based on netting and topsoil spraying. It innovatively employs a three-layer flexible moisture-retaining blanket (also known as moisture-retaining cotton) system as the carrier and medium for plant planting and growth on existing netting and topsoil sprayed slopes. Through the system's physical barrier, water retention, and localized planting holes, it comprehensively solves problems related to replanting, moisture retention, weed control, root nourishment, and efficient maintenance.

[0040] The slope ecological construction method based on netting and topsoil spraying of the present invention is applicable to slopes on netting and topsoil spraying. It is convenient to construct, safe and reliable, and efficient to maintain. Without damaging the original netting and topsoil spraying slope structure, it can achieve successful replanting and rapid establishment of woody plants (trees and shrubs), construct a stable, multi-layered, and ornamental slope ecological landscape, and solve the problem of later maintenance.

[0041] like Figure 2As shown, an embodiment of the slope ecological construction structure based on netting and topsoil spraying according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a multi-layer moisture-retaining blanket structure 100, and seedlings (not shown) set in the multi-layer moisture-retaining blanket structure.

[0042] Preferably, the multi-layer moisturizing blanket 100 of this embodiment includes: a bottom moisturizing blanket 20, a middle moisturizing blanket 40, and an upper moisturizing blanket 60 laid in sequence.

[0043] The bottom layer moisture-retaining blanket 20 in this embodiment includes a rice straw fiber blanket. This rice straw fiber blanket comprises 80-90% rice / wheat straw fiber and 10-20% PE / PET fiber. The bottom layer moisture-retaining blanket is laid from top to bottom along the slope, with an overlap of 10-15cm between each blanket. Fasteners are used to fully secure the bottom layer moisture-retaining blanket to the underlying topsoil and mesh surface, ensuring a flat and adherent fit.

[0044] The intermediate moisture-retaining blanket 40 of this embodiment includes: plant fiber moisture-retaining cotton, fertilizer incorporated therein, and a water-retaining agent added therein. Preferably, the plant fiber moisture-retaining cotton of this embodiment includes: 50-70% wood fiber and 30-50% polyester fiber, formed by needle punching. Preferably, the fertilizer incorporated into the intermediate moisture-retaining blanket of this embodiment is preferably a coated slow-release fertilizer.

[0045] Furthermore, the coating-type slow-release fertilizer incorporated into the middle layer of the moisture-retaining blanket in this embodiment includes: N:P:K = (14-16):(14-16):(14-16), with an application rate of 0.15-0.25 kg / m².

[0046] Further, preferably, the coated slow-release fertilizer incorporated into the intermediate layer moisture-retaining blanket of this embodiment comprises: N:P:K = 15:15:15, with an application rate of 0.2 kg / m². The water-retaining agent added to the intermediate layer moisture-retaining blanket of this embodiment is preferably a polyacrylamide-based water-retaining agent. Further, preferably, the amount of polyacrylamide-based water-retaining agent added to the intermediate layer moisture-retaining blanket of this embodiment is 15-25 g / m², to enhance fertilizer persistence. The plant fiber moisture-retaining cotton of this embodiment comprises: 50-70% wood fiber and 30-50% polyester fiber, formed by needle punching.

[0047] The upper moisture-retaining blanket 60 of this embodiment includes a coconut fiber and straw mixture blanket and a water-retaining agent added thereto. The amount of water-retaining agent in the upper moisture-retaining blanket of this embodiment is 20-30 g / m². Further, preferably, the water-retaining agent is a polyacrylamide-based water-retaining agent, and the amount used is 20-30 g / m². Preferably, the coconut fiber and straw mixture blanket of this embodiment includes 60-80% coconut fiber and 20-40% straw.

[0048] Furthermore, preferably, the coconut fiber and straw mixed blanket in this embodiment uses 70% coconut fiber and 30% straw, reinforced with upper and lower PP mesh, and 30g / ㎡ of polyacrylamide water-retaining agent is added.

[0049] Preferably, the seedlings used in this embodiment are container seedlings or large seedlings with soil balls. The soil ball can be wrapped and reinforced using a non-woven mesh bag, biodegradable substrate block, or moisture-retaining bag (such as a microfiber bag) to ensure its integrity during planting and subsequent growth. In this embodiment, planting points are determined on the upper moisture-retaining blanket 60, and incisions are cut at these points. The seedling to be planted is then placed into the incision. Based on the designed landscape plant configuration (row spacing, triangular layout, etc.), planting points are determined on the upper moisture-retaining blanket. A cross-shaped or straight incision is cut at the planting point, with the incision size slightly smaller (1-2 cm) than the diameter of the seedling's soil ball. The seedling with its wrapped soil ball is placed vertically into the incision, and gently pressed downwards so that the upper part of the soil ball is slightly lower (0-1 cm) or flush with the surface of the moisture-retaining blanket, ensuring close contact between the soil ball and the blanket. At this point, the seedling's soil ball is completely wrapped within multiple layers of moisture-retaining blanket, eliminating the need to excavate topsoil or cut the existing mesh.

[0050] In this embodiment, the bottom layer moisturizing blanket, middle layer moisturizing blanket, and top layer moisturizing blanket can be laid in small square or rectangular blocks as needed. The edges of each square or rectangular block of the bottom layer moisturizing blanket overlap and are laid together.

[0051] The shortcomings of existing netting and hydroseeding technology stem from its initial design goals (rapid soil stabilization and revegetation) and technological choices (netting and hydroseeding). As industry demands evolve from simply "greening" to "long-lasting, beautiful, and stable greening," these inherent and interconnected deficiencies inevitably become apparent. This invention fundamentally breaks this causal chain of defects, providing a systematic solution that upgrades and sustains ecological functions without damaging existing engineering achievements. The slope ecological construction and structure based on netting and hydroseeding involves laying and fixing three layers of moisture-retaining blankets (moisture-retaining cotton) without damaging the existing netting. This adds vegetation layers to the slope based on netting and hydroseeding, enhancing the landscape effect.

[0052] This invention relates to a slope ecological construction and structure based on netting and hydroseeding, achieving non-destructive replanting and completely avoiding the structural damage and safety risks associated with cutting the original protective netting. The multi-layered moisture-retaining system provides an excellent initial growth environment for seedlings, ensuring moisture retention, fertilizer retention, and root promotion, resulting in a high survival rate. Physical mulch effectively suppresses weed germination, reducing maintenance costs. Utilizing a three-layer moisture-retaining blanket system and integrated water and fertilizer management significantly reduces the difficulty and cost of later maintenance, ensuring high efficiency. It rapidly constructs a multi-layered, highly stable ecological landscape slope dominated by woody plants.

[0053] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments according to this application, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of this application. The technical scope of this application is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for ecological construction of slopes based on netting and topsoil spraying, characterized in that, include: Cleaning: Clean the existing slope surface with netting and topsoil spraying; Laying the bottom layer: Lay the bottom layer moisture-retaining blanket, overlapping the bottom layer moisture-retaining blankets at a set distance, and use fasteners to fix the bottom layer moisture-retaining blankets to the underlying topsoil and mesh surface; Laying the middle layer: Lay a middle layer moisture-retaining blanket, mixed with fertilizer; Lay the upper layer: Lay the upper layer moisture-retaining blanket; Planting: Determine the planting point on the upper moisture-retaining blanket, make an incision at the planting point, and place the seedling to be planted into the incision; Maintenance: Maintain the slope surface.

2. The slope ecological construction method based on netting and topsoil spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laying of the bottom layer includes: laying the bottom layer moisture-retaining blanket from top to bottom along the slope, with the bottom layer moisture-retaining blankets overlapping each other by 10-15cm.

3. The slope ecological construction method based on netting and topsoil spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom moisture-retaining blanket includes a rice straw fiber blanket, which comprises 80-90% rice and wheat straw fiber and 10-20% PE / PET fiber.

4. The slope ecological construction method based on netting and topsoil spraying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate layer includes: laying an intermediate moisture-retaining blanket, incorporating a coated slow-release fertilizer and adding a water-retaining agent during the laying of the intermediate moisture-retaining blanket.

5. The slope ecological construction method based on netting and topsoil spraying according to claim 4, characterized in that, The intermediate layer includes: laying an intermediate moisture-retaining blanket, incorporating a coated slow-release fertilizer and a polyacrylamide water-retaining agent during the laying process, and fixing the intermediate moisture-retaining blanket with fasteners. The coated slow-release fertilizer has the following composition: N:P:K = (14-16): (14-16): (14-16), with an application rate of 0.15-0.25 kg / m², and the polyacrylamide water-retaining agent has an application rate of 15-25 g / m².

6. The slope ecological construction method based on netting and topsoil spraying according to claim 4, characterized in that, The coated slow-release fertilizer component Includes: N:P:K = 15: 15: 15, application rate is 0.2 kg / m².

7. The slope ecological construction method based on netting and topsoil spraying according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The middle layer moisturizing blanket includes plant fiber moisturizing cotton, which comprises 50-70% wood fiber and 30-50% polyester fiber, and is formed by needle punching.

8. The slope ecological construction method based on netting and topsoil spraying according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The upper layer is laid as follows: an upper layer of moisture-retaining blanket is laid, and a water-retaining agent is added. The amount of water-retaining agent is 20-30g / ㎡. The upper layer of moisture-retaining blanket includes a coconut fiber and rice straw mixed blanket, which uses 60-80% coconut fiber and 20-40% rice straw.

9. The slope ecological construction method based on netting and topsoil spraying according to claim 8, characterized in that, The upper layer is laid as follows: an upper layer of moisture-retaining blanket is laid, and a polyacrylamide-based water-retaining agent is added. The upper layer of moisture-retaining blanket includes a coconut fiber and straw mixed blanket. The coconut fiber and straw mixed blanket is made of 70% coconut fiber and 30% straw, reinforced with upper and lower PP mesh, and 30g / ㎡ of polyacrylamide-based water-retaining agent is added.

10. A slope ecological construction structure based on wire mesh and topsoil spraying, characterized in that, include: A multi-layer moisture-retaining blanket and seedlings placed within it. The multi-layer moisture-retaining blanket comprises: a bottom layer, a middle layer, and a top layer, laid sequentially. The bottom layer comprises a straw fiber blanket, which contains 80-90% rice and wheat straw fiber and 10-20% PE / PET fiber. The middle layer comprises plant fiber moisture-retaining cotton and fertilizer mixed therein, which contains 50-70% wood fiber and 30-50% polyester fiber, formed by needle punching. The top layer comprises a coconut fiber and straw mixture blanket and a water-retaining agent added therein, which contains 60-80% coconut fiber and 20-40% straw.

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