Piezoelectric ultrasonic bionic viscosity and drag reduction ditching device

Abstract

This invention discloses a piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device, relating to the field of trenching technology. It includes a boot body and an ultrasonic vibration device. Several grooves are arrayed on two side plates at the front end of the boot body. Flexible hinge scales are disposed within the grooves, with the hinge ends of the flexible hinge scales fixedly connected to the inner wall of the grooves. The shape and contour of the grooves and flexible hinge scales are adapted to each other, and the swing amplitude of the flexible hinge scales is adapted to the depth of the grooves. The front end of the ultrasonic vibration device is threadedly connected to the end of the boot body furthest from the plowshare. The ultrasonic vibration device transmits vibration to the boot body along a direction parallel to the centerline of the boot body. During trenching, this piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device achieves anti-adhesion and resistance reduction through longitudinal vibration of the boot body and forced swing vibration of the flexible hinge scales, ensuring continuous smooth trench walls and stable trench width. Furthermore, this piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device has a compact and easily disassembled structure, which is beneficial for improving adaptability to different working environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of trenching technology, specifically to a piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device. Background Technology

[0002] A seeder is a planting machine that sows crop seeds. It is suitable for sowing a certain type or type of crop. Seeders are often named according to the crop category, such as grain row seeders, peanut seeders, cotton seeders, and hay spreaders. The furrow opener is the core component of the seeder and is key to controlling the sowing depth and furrow quality in the field. The main function of the furrow opener is to break up the soil, construct the furrows, and ultimately create a seedbed environment with stable depth and continuous furrow walls.

[0003] Traditional trenchers typically employ double-disc or sliding-blade trenching techniques. However, these methods suffer from high trenching resistance, low trenching quality, and poor adaptability. Trenching resistance refers to the resistance encountered by the trenching device as it inserts into the soil and plows forward. Traditional trenchers drag the device forward, forcing it to bear all the resistance from the soil. Furthermore, soil adheres to the device during plowing, further increasing resistance. Regarding trenching quality, the high resistance and soil adhesion often result in unstable trench width and uneven, non-smooth trench walls. As for adaptability, traditional trenchers are often designed for single working environments, but soil hardness, adhesion, and working space vary significantly between different environments, making them unsuitable for diverse applications.

[0004] To address the issues of soil adhesion and high trenching resistance, existing designs have implemented various improvement measures, with the mainstream approaches falling into two categories: biomimetic design and vibration excitation.

[0005] In terms of biomimetic design, existing methods mostly involve designing the contours of trenching devices to mimic the surface morphology of different organisms in order to reduce adhesion and drag and improve trenching quality to a certain extent. However, existing methods are mostly focused on static biomimetic forms and have not fundamentally changed the simple drag-and-drop trenching method, so the improvement in effect is limited.

[0006] Regarding vibration excitation, existing methods often employ eccentric block excitation or hydraulic pulse generators as vibration sources, using complex transmission structures to apply vibration to the furrowing device. This approach has at least the following drawbacks: First, the low vibration frequency of the furrowing device allows ample time for soil to re-adhere, limiting the improvement in resistance reduction and adhesion reduction. Second, the large amplitude of the furrowing device, while contributing to improved furrowing quality through resistance reduction, also negatively impacts the smoothness of the furrow walls. Third, the vibration source is typically mounted on a frame, resulting in significant energy dissipation and frame vibration, further affecting sowing accuracy and overall machine reliability. Fourth, this structural design leads to a bulky furrow opener, making it unsuitable for use in confined spaces and limiting its adaptability to different work areas. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device. It integrates an ultrasonic vibration device on the trencher to excite the boot body and flexible hinge scales to vibrate at high frequency and micro amplitude, which can achieve the purpose of reducing adhesion and resistance, and can ensure that the trench wall is continuous and smooth and the trench width is stable. At the same time, its structure is compact and easy to disassemble, which is conducive to improving the adaptability to different working environments.

[0008] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing grooving device includes a grooving assembly. The grooving assembly includes a boot body, which includes two symmetrically arranged side plates. One end of the two side plates is connected to each other to form a pointed plowshare. Several grooves are arranged in an array on the side plates. Flexible hinge scales are arranged in the grooves. The hinge ends of the flexible hinge scales are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the grooves. The shape and contour of the grooves are adapted to the flexible hinge scales. The swing amplitude of the flexible hinge scales is adapted to the depth of the grooves. The device also includes an ultrasonic vibration device. The front end of the ultrasonic vibration device is threadedly connected to the end of the boot body away from the plowshare. The ultrasonic vibration device is used to transmit vibration to the boot body in a direction parallel to the center line of the boot body.

[0009] Specifically, the ultrasonic vibration device includes a coaxially arranged amplitude transformer, a double-ended stud, a front end cap, a protective outer cover, a rear end cap, a prestressed bolt, an insulating sleeve, and a piezoelectric ceramic stack. The axis of the ultrasonic vibration device substantially overlaps with the center line of the boot body. The piezoelectric ceramic stack includes several electrode plates and piezoelectric ceramic plates, which are arranged alternately. The front end of the amplitude transformer is threadedly connected to the end of the boot body away from the plowshare. The rear end of the amplitude transformer is connected to the front end of the front end cap via the double-ended stud. The two ends of the protective outer cover abut against the rear end of the front end cap and the front end of the rear end cap, respectively. The front end of the prestressed bolt passes through the rear end cap and is threadedly connected to the front end cap. The insulating sleeve is fitted onto the prestressed bolt and located inside the protective outer cover. The piezoelectric ceramic stack is fitted onto the insulating sleeve and located inside the protective outer cover.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a frame and a connecting assembly. The connecting assembly includes a connecting plate and a bracket. The frame is positioned directly above the boot body. The bracket is slidably connected to the frame. The sliding direction of the bracket relative to the frame is vertical. A first shock-absorbing spring is provided between the frame and the bracket. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the boot body. The bracket is slidably connected to the connecting plate. The sliding direction of the bracket relative to the connecting plate is horizontal and parallel to the centerline of the boot body. A second shock-absorbing spring is provided between the bracket and the boot body.

[0011] Specifically, a vertical shaft is fixedly installed on the top surface of the hanger, and a first sliding hole is provided on the frame. The vertical shaft is slidably inserted into the first sliding hole, and a first adjusting nut is threaded to the top end of the vertical shaft. A first damping spring is sleeved on the vertical shaft, and both ends of the first damping spring abut against the bottom surface of the frame and the top surface of the hanger, respectively. A horizontal shaft is fixedly installed on the side of the hanger, and a second sliding hole is provided on the connecting plate. The horizontal shaft is slidably inserted into the second sliding hole, and a second adjusting nut is threaded to the end of the horizontal shaft away from the hanger. A reaction plate is sleeved on the horizontal shaft on the side of the connecting plate away from the hanger, and a second damping spring is sleeved on the horizontal shaft, with both ends of the second damping spring abutting against the reaction plate and the connecting plate, respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, the trenching assembly also includes two seed protection plates, which are parallel to each other and symmetrically arranged along the symmetry plane of the boot body. The front ends of the two seed protection plates are respectively fixedly connected to the ends of the two side plates away from the plow tip.

[0013] Specifically, a seed dropping area is formed between the two seed protection plates, and a seed guide is fixedly installed on the frame, with the outlet of the seed guide facing downwards and directly opposite the seed dropping area.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a soil covering assembly, which includes an installation shaft, a soil covering frame, and a soil covering plate. The installation shaft is fixedly disposed at the rear end of the trenching assembly. One end of the soil covering frame is rotatably sleeved on the installation shaft, and the other end of the soil covering frame is fixedly connected to the soil covering plate. A torsion spring is provided between the soil covering frame and the trenching assembly, and the torsion spring is used to provide elastic force to make the soil covering plate swing downward.

[0015] Specifically, the soil covering frame and the soil covering plate are fastened together by bolts.

[0016] Specifically, the trenching assembly also includes a limiting rod, the two ends of which are fixedly connected to the rear ends of the two seed protection plates, and the limiting rod is located below the soil covering frame.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: In this piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing ditching device, the ditching component includes a boot body and an ultrasonic vibration device. Several grooves are arrayed on the side plate at the front end of the boot body, and flexible hinge scales are installed within these grooves. The hinge ends of the flexible hinge scales are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the grooves. The front end of the ultrasonic vibration device is threadedly connected to the end of the boot body furthest from the plow tip. During ditching operations, the ultrasonic vibration device generates vibration excitation, causing the boot body to vibrate at high frequency and micro-amplitude. During plowing, the soil is loosened in advance under the high-frequency vibration of the boot body and smoothly spread along the side plate as the boot body moves forward, which can reduce soil adhesion and ditching resistance to a certain extent. Simultaneously, the forced vibration of the flexible hinge scales simulates the dynamic movement of scales on the surface of a living organism, further reducing soil adhesion on the side plate and lowering ditching resistance through a microscopic scraper effect. Therefore, this piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device, under the excitation of the ultrasonic vibration device, couples the high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration of the boot body with the high-frequency oscillation of the flexible hinge scales, forcing gaps and detachment of the soil adhesion layer on the boot body surface, thereby effectively reducing soil adhesion on the trencher surface, reducing operating resistance, and based on its anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing effect, it helps to ensure the continuity, integrity, and smoothness of the trench wall. The ultrasonic vibration device is directly connected to the boot body via a thread, allowing most of the energy to be directly transferred to the boot body, resulting in high energy utilization and reducing the structural size of the trenching component. The ultrasonic vibration device is a split design and can be easily disassembled from the boot body. The amplitude and frequency can be adjusted and controlled by adjusting the power and frequency of the input electrical signal, changing the structure and parameters of the piezoelectric ceramic stack, and adjusting the amplification factor of the amplitude transformer, making it suitable for operation in different soil environments. In addition, the overall structure of this trenching component is small, compact, and lightweight, making it suitable for operation in smaller spaces, which helps to improve adaptability to different operating environments. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of the piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the trenching component and the soil covering component in the piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic viscosity-reducing and resistance-reducing trenching device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the front end of the piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic vibration device in the piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of the ultrasonic vibration device shown. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the motion of the flexible hinge scales within the groove in the piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device of the present invention. Figure 7 a is a schematic diagram showing the trajectory range of the flexible hinge scales in the groove. Figure 7 b is a schematic diagram showing the position of the flexible hinge scale when it swings to its farthest point in the direction of the groove. Figure 7 c is a schematic diagram showing the position of the flexible hinge scale swinging outward from the groove to its farthest point. In the diagram, 1-trenching component, 2-ultrasonic vibration device, 3-connecting component, 4-soil covering component, 5-frame, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9-, 10-side plate, 11-flexible hinge scale, 12-seed protection plate, 13-limiting rod, 20-amplitude rod, 21-double-headed stud, 22-front end cover, 23-protective outer cover, 24-rear end cover, 25-prestressed bolt, 26-insulating sleeve, 27-piezoelectric ceramic stack, 31-connecting plate, 32-hanging bracket, 33-first damping spring, 34-second damping spring, 35-vertical shaft, 36-horizontal shaft, 37-reaction plate, 41-installation shaft, 42-soil covering frame, 43-soil covering plate, 44-torsion spring. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 7As shown, the piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device includes a trenching component 1, which includes a boot body. The boot body includes two symmetrically arranged side plates 10, with one end of the two side plates 10 connected to each other to form a pointed plowshare. Several grooves are arrayed on the side plates 10, and flexible hinge scales 11 are arranged in the grooves. In implementation, each flexible hinge scale 11 is made of the same piece of 65Mn spring steel to ensure consistency. During processing, the scale outline is machined along the outer trajectory of the scale by precision CNC milling, and the flexible hinge area is thinned to 0.5mm to form a bendable thin-walled elastic area, i.e., the hinge area. The end of the hinge area is the hinge end of the flexible hinge scale 11. The flexible hinge scale 11 is quenched to achieve a hardness of HRC50-55, and the hinge area is tempered at high frequency to adjust the hardness to HRC35-40 to ensure its elasticity and fatigue life. The hinge end of the flexible hinge scale 11 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the groove. The groove is adapted to the shape and contour of the flexible hinge scale 11, and the swing amplitude of the flexible hinge scale 11 is adapted to the depth of the groove. Figure 7 As shown in Figure a, the flexible hinge scale 11 can oscillate slightly within the groove, and during the oscillation, the outer contour of the flexible hinge scale 11 is basically in contact with the inner wall of the groove; as shown in Figure a. Figure 7 As shown in b, when the flexible hinge scale 11 swings to its farthest point in the direction of the groove, it is limited by the bottom surface of the groove. At this time, the front end face of the flexible hinge scale 11 at the end away from the hinge area is in contact with the inner wall of the groove; as shown in b. Figure 7 As shown in Figure c, when the flexible hinge scale 11 swings to its furthest point outward from the groove, the bottom edge of the end of the flexible hinge scale 11 away from the hinge area is fitted and limited against the inner wall of the groove, and the top of the flexible hinge scale 11 is basically flush with the outer surface of the side plate 10. The swing trajectory of the flexible hinge scale 11 is controllable. It also includes an ultrasonic vibration device 2, the front end of which is threadedly connected to the end of the boot body away from the plowshare. The ultrasonic vibration device 2 is used to transmit vibration to the boot body along a direction parallel to the centerline of the boot body.

[0021] When in use, the piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device is mounted on a carrier, with the boot inserted into the soil. As the carrier drags the trenching device forward, the boot can plow trenches in the soil, completing the trenching process.

[0022] During the trenching process, the ultrasonic vibration device 2 is activated to generate high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration, which can act on the boot body to drive the boot body to vibrate longitudinally (along the direction parallel to the center line of the boot body) at the same frequency and amplitude. Through the high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration of the boot body, the boot body does not simply drag the plow forward during the plowing process, but impacts the soil in the forward process during the vibration cycle of the boot body, so that the soil is loosened in advance under the action of the high-frequency vibration of the boot body. During the backward process during the vibration cycle of the boot body, gaps are left between the soil and the soil in front, reducing soil compression and adhesion, so that the soil can be smoothly discharged along the side plate 10 as the boot body moves forward, which can reduce soil adhesion and reduce trenching resistance.

[0023] Because the flexible hinge scale 11 has the degree of freedom to swing around the hinge end, and the flexible hinge scale 11 itself has inertia, its motion has a significant phase lag relative to the longitudinal vibration of the boot body: when the boot body accelerates forward within one vibration cycle, the flexible hinge scale 11 temporarily lags behind due to inertia. At this time, if... Figure 7 As shown in Figure c, the flexible hinge scale 11 swings inward toward the groove; when the boot accelerates backward within one vibration cycle, the flexible hinge scale 11 also lunges forward due to inertia, as... Figure 7 As shown in b, the flexible hinge scale 11 swings outward from the groove. This hysteresis causes the flexible hinge scale 11 to swing around the hinge end under forced oscillation when the boot body vibrates longitudinally, and its oscillation frequency is consistent with the vibration frequency of the boot body 11.

[0024] During the trenching process, the forced oscillation of the flexible hinge scales 11, as shown in the diagram (a microscopic scraper), directly acts on the soil surface adhered to the side plate 10, repeatedly cutting the soil adhesion layer formed by the water film and capillary action, disrupting its continuity, and dividing the complete adsorption film into isolated small areas, causing its surface tension and capillary negative pressure to be lost. Simultaneously, the high-frequency oscillation of the flexible hinge scales 11 forces the water film at the soil interface to continuously undergo a cycle of stretching, breaking, and re-stretching, preventing the formation of stable capillary water bridges, thus fundamentally inhibiting the adhesion of soil particles to the trencher surface. This microscopic scraper effect occurs during the backward acceleration process within the boot's vibration cycle. A gap is left between the side plate 10 and the soil in front, preventing it from being squeezed by the soil in front, which facilitates the detachment of the small areas of adhesion layer divided by the oscillation of the flexible hinge scales 11 towards the outside of the groove. Under the synergistic effect of the longitudinal vibration of the boot and the forced vibration of the flexible hinge scales 11, soil adhesion can be effectively prevented. At the same time... Since the vibration is sourced by the ultrasonic vibration device 2, the vibration frequency can reach 25 kHz. As the flexible hinge scales 11 and the boot body continue to swing at a frequency of tens of thousands of times per second, the soil adhesion layer can be continuously cut off and peeled off. As a result, the soil cannot establish a stable adhesion layer on the surface of the boot body, which can further reduce soil adhesion and achieve the requirement of reducing resistance. Since the soil adhesion and accumulation are reduced, it is further beneficial to ensure the continuity, smoothness and integrity of the ditch wall.

[0025] Overall, the high-frequency oscillation of the flexible hinge scales 11 in this piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device simulates the dynamic movement of scales on the surface of an organism. This internal vibration causes the soil attached to the surface of the side plate 10 to fall off. Under the excitation of the ultrasonic vibration device 2, the trenching resistance is reduced by the high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration of the boot body as a whole. Furthermore, the high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration of the boot body as a whole coupled with the high-frequency oscillation of the flexible hinge scales 11 forces the soil to form gaps and fall off the attached layer on the surface of the boot body. This effectively reduces soil adhesion on the surface of the trencher, further reduces trenching resistance, and helps to ensure the continuity, integrity, and smoothness of the trench wall.

[0026] Note: Regarding trenching resistance, although machining grooves on the side plate 10 increases geometric resistance from a static resistance perspective, the overall trenching resistance consists of four parts: adhesion resistance, friction resistance, cutting resistance, and geometric resistance, with the first three being dominant. Under the high-frequency vibration of this piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device: the continuous sliding friction between soil particles and the side plate 10 is transformed into intermittent high-frequency collisions due to high-frequency separation, significantly reducing friction resistance; the high-frequency oscillation of the flexible hinge scales 11 continuously disrupts the continuity of the water film at the soil interface, greatly weakening adhesion resistance; the high-frequency impact of the boot body causes fatigue fracture of the soil, and the cutting resistance also decreases significantly. Overall, compared to the significant reduction in the above three major resistances, the slight increase in geometric resistance caused by machining grooves on the side plate 10 is negligible, thus achieving the overall requirement of reducing resistance.

[0027] Regarding structural wear, this piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device does not maintain continuous sliding friction with the soil interface like traditional trenchers. Instead, under the drive of the main vibration, the entire trenching component 1 undergoes high-frequency micro-collisions and separation with the soil. This dynamic contact mode transforms continuous sliding friction into intermittent high-frequency collisions, which can effectively reduce frictional resistance. Therefore, structural wear will also be reduced. At the same time, the reduction in total operating resistance directly weakens the normal pressure and friction of soil particles on the trenching component 1, and will not cause greater wear defects.

[0028] Regarding vibration excitation, traditional eccentric block excitation or hydraulic pulse generators typically operate at frequencies of 20–200 Hz, while the ultrasonic vibration device 2 can reach frequencies of 20–40 kHz, better meeting the high-frequency requirements of this design. Taking a 50 Hz vibration motor as an example, it vibrates 50 times per second with an interval of approximately 20 milliseconds, allowing sufficient time for the soil to re-adhere. In contrast, the interval of 25 kHz ultrasonic vibration is only about 40 microseconds, leaving insufficient time for soil re-adhesion and ensuring continuous disruption of the soil adhesion interface. Traditional eccentric block excitation or hydraulic pulse generators have relatively large amplitudes; again, taking a 50 Hz vibration motor as an example, its typical amplitude is 0.5–5 mm. Excessive amplitude can cause severe longitudinal vibration in the boot, placing extremely high demands on the overall vibration damping design. In contrast, the ultrasonic vibration device 2 can achieve an amplitude of only 0.02–0.1 mm. This micro-amplitude vibration ensures both reduced adhesion and drag reduction while also making the overall operation of the machine more stable. In terms of structural size and energy utilization, the ultrasonic vibration device 2 has significant advantages over eccentric block excitation or hydraulic pulse generators, such as lightweight, energy saving and simple structure. The amplitude output by the ultrasonic vibration device 2 acts directly on the boot body, concentrating most of the vibration energy in the front soil breaking area, resulting in high energy utilization efficiency. In contrast, vibration sources such as eccentric block excitation or hydraulic pulse generators usually need to be installed on the frame, and their vibration is transmitted to the furrow opener through the frame. This not only leads to increased vibration of the whole machine and dissipation of a large amount of energy on the frame, but also affects the sowing accuracy and overall machine reliability.

[0029] In terms of structural design, the flexible hinge scales 11 in the piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device are integrated into the grooves processed in the side plate 10, which will not occupy the outer contour space of the trenching component 1. The ultrasonic vibration device 2 is directly assembled to the rear end of the boot body through a threaded connection, without any intermediate transmission structure. This makes the structure of the trenching component 1 in the piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device highly integrated, compact, and lightweight. It can be used in narrow working environments, is easy to attach and move, and the ultrasonic vibration device 2 can be quickly replaced according to soil conditions to adjust the excitation frequency and amplitude, making it suitable for the working needs of various soil environments.

[0030] In specific implementation, such as Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the ultrasonic vibration device 2 includes a coaxially arranged amplitude transformer 20, a double-ended stud 21, a front end cap 22, a protective outer cover 23, a rear end cap 24, a prestressed bolt 25, an insulating sleeve 26, and a piezoelectric ceramic stack 27. The axis of the ultrasonic vibration device 2 basically overlaps with the center line of the boot body. The front end of the amplitude transformer 20 is threadedly connected to the end of the boot body away from the plowshare. The rear end of the amplitude transformer 20 is connected to the front end of the front end cap 22 by a double-ended bolt 21. The two ends of the protective outer cover 23 abut against the rear end of the front end cap 22 and the front end of the rear end cap 24, respectively. The front end of the prestressed bolt 25 passes through the rear end cap 24 and is threadedly connected to the front end cap 22. The insulating sleeve 26 is fitted on the prestressed bolt and located inside the protective outer cover 23. The piezoelectric ceramic stack 27 is fitted on the insulating sleeve 26 and located inside the protective outer cover 23. The piezoelectric ceramic stack 27 is a prior art technology, comprising several electrode plates and piezoelectric ceramic plates arranged alternately. The piezoelectric ceramic stack 27 is electrically connected in parallel to an external ultrasonic generator via a high-frequency signal cable. Upon power-up, it generates vibration excitation. The frequency and amplitude can be adjusted by regulating the power and frequency of the input electrical signal. The vibration generated by the piezoelectric ceramic stack 27 is transmitted to the boot body via the amplitude transformer 20, thus achieving vibration excitation of the boot body. This ultrasonic vibration device 2 has a modular structure, allowing for easy disassembly and replacement of components. Besides adjusting the power and frequency of the input electrical signal to the piezoelectric ceramic stack 27, the accurate adjustment of the boot body's vibration frequency and amplitude can also be achieved by changing the stacking structure and parameters of the electrode plates and piezoelectric ceramic plates in the piezoelectric ceramic stack 27, and by replacing amplitude transformers 20 with different amplification factors. This further improves the adaptability of this piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device to different soil environments. Preferably, multiple trenching components 1 of different specifications can also be equipped as needed. The flexible hinge scales 11 in each trenching component 1 can be selected with different shape and size parameters, distribution spacing, distribution method, number of scales, scale swing trajectory, etc., to meet the usage requirements of different working environments.

[0031] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device also includes a frame 5 and a connecting assembly 3. The connecting assembly 3 includes a connecting plate 31 and a hanger 32. The frame 5 is located directly above the boot body. The hanger 32 is slidably connected to the frame 5. The sliding direction of the hanger 32 relative to the frame 5 is vertical. A first damping spring 33 is provided between the frame 5 and the hanger 32. The connecting plate 31 is fixedly connected to the boot body. The hanger 32 is slidably connected to the connecting plate 31. The sliding direction of the hanger 32 relative to the connecting plate 31 is horizontal and parallel to the center line of the boot body. A second damping spring 34 is provided between the hanger 32 and the boot body. This piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device is connected to the carrier via a frame 5. Since the vibration generated by the ultrasonic vibration device 2 is mainly along the longitudinal direction, a second damping spring 34 is installed to counteract the longitudinal vibration. However, because the piezoelectric ceramic sheets in the piezoelectric ceramic stack 27 exhibit a Poisson effect when the ultrasonic vibration device 2 generates vibration excitation, radial contraction inevitably occurs during longitudinal expansion and contraction, leading to vertical vibration. Therefore, a first damping spring 33 is installed to counteract this. This design effectively prevents the vibration generated by the ultrasonic vibration device 2 from being transmitted to the frame 5 and components such as the seed metering device on the frame 5.

[0032] In specific implementation, a vertical shaft 35 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the bracket 32, and a first sliding hole is opened on the frame 5. The vertical shaft 35 is slidably inserted into the first sliding hole. A first adjusting nut is threaded to the top of the vertical shaft 35. A first damping spring 33 is sleeved on the vertical shaft 35, and the two ends of the first damping spring 33 abut against the bottom surface of the frame 5 and the top surface of the bracket 32, respectively. A horizontal shaft 36 is fixedly installed on the side of the bracket 32. A second sliding hole is opened on the connecting plate 37, and the horizontal shaft 36 is slidably inserted into the second sliding hole. A second adjusting nut is threaded to the end of the horizontal shaft 36 away from the bracket 32. A reaction plate 37 is sleeved on the side of the horizontal shaft 36 away from the bracket 32 ​​on the connecting plate 31. A second damping spring 34 is sleeved on the horizontal shaft 36, and the two ends of the second damping spring 34 abut against the reaction plate 37 and the connecting plate 31, respectively.

[0033] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 The furrowing assembly 1 also includes two seed protection plates 12, which are parallel to each other and symmetrically arranged along the symmetrical surface of the boot body. The front ends of the two seed protection plates 12 are fixedly connected to the ends of the two side plates 10 away from the plow tip. By setting the seed protection plates 12, soil backfilling can be prevented after the boot body plows out the furrow, leaving space for seed placement. Furthermore, a seed placement area is formed between the two seed protection plates 12. A seed guide 6 is fixedly installed on the frame 5. The outlet of the seed guide 6 is set downward and directly facing the seed placement area. During the furrowing process, the seeds output by the seed guide 6 can fall into the furrow at the seed placement area, completing the sowing process simultaneously.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figure 3As shown, the piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device also includes a soil covering component 4. The soil covering component 4 includes a mounting shaft 41, a soil covering frame 42, and a soil covering plate 43. The mounting shaft 41 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the trenching component 1, and both ends of the mounting shaft 41 are respectively connected to the rear ends of two seed protection plates 12. One end of the soil covering frame 42 is rotatably sleeved on the mounting shaft 41, and the other end of the soil covering frame 42 is fixedly connected to the soil covering plate 43. A torsion spring 44 is provided between the soil covering frame 41 and the trenching component 1. The torsion spring 44 is used to provide elastic force to make the soil covering plate 43 swing downward. During the trenching process, the soil covering plate 43 can be moved forward against the ground to scrape the soil behind the seed area for backfilling, thus completing the soil covering operation.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the trenching assembly 1 is also equipped with a limiting rod 13. Both ends of the limiting rod 13 are fixedly connected to the rear ends of the two seed protection plates 12. The limiting rod 13 is located below the soil covering frame 42, and the soil covering frame 42 is pressed against the limiting rod 13 by the elastic force of the torsion spring 44. The limiting rod 13 limits the lowest position of the soil covering frame 42, preventing the soil covering plate 43 from directly contacting the hard ground outside the trench during trenching operations. It is only used to scrape off the soil discharged from the trench for backfilling, further reducing the trenching resistance caused by the friction between the soil covering plate 43 and the ground.

[0036] In practice, the soil covering frame 42 and the soil covering plate 43 are fastened together by bolts. On the one hand, different specifications of soil covering plates 43 can be quickly replaced. On the other hand, the angle between the soil covering plate 43 and the soil covering frame 42 can be adjusted during assembly, so as to be suitable for use in different working environments.

[0037] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or related technologies or knowledge. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device, comprising a trenching assembly, wherein the trenching assembly includes a boot body, the boot body including two symmetrically arranged side plates, one end of the two side plates being connected to each other to form a pointed plowshare. Its features are, The side plate is provided with a plurality of grooves in an array, and flexible hinge scales are provided in the grooves. The hinge ends of the flexible hinge scales are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the grooves. The shape and contour of the grooves are adapted to the flexible hinge scales, and the swing amplitude of the flexible hinge scales is adapted to the depth of the grooves. It also includes an ultrasonic vibration device, the front end of which is threadedly connected to the end of the boot body away from the plow tip, and the ultrasonic vibration device is used to transmit vibration to the boot body in a direction parallel to the center line of the boot body.

2. The piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic vibration device includes a coaxially arranged amplitude transformer, a double-ended stud, a front end cap, a protective outer cover, a rear end cap, prestressed bolts, an insulating sleeve, and a piezoelectric ceramic stack. The axis of the ultrasonic vibration device substantially overlaps with the center line of the boot body. The piezoelectric ceramic stack includes a plurality of electrode plates and piezoelectric ceramic plates, which are arranged alternately. The front end of the amplitude transformer is threadedly connected to the end of the boot body away from the plow tip. The rear end of the amplitude transformer is connected to the front end of the front end cover via the double-ended bolt. The two ends of the protective cover abut against the rear end of the front end cover and the front end of the rear end cover, respectively. The front end of the prestressed bolt passes through the rear end cover and is threadedly connected to the front end cover. The insulating sleeve is fitted on the prestressed bolt and located inside the protective cover. The piezoelectric ceramic stack is fitted on the insulating sleeve and located inside the protective cover.

3. The piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a rack and connection components, the connection components including a connection plate and a bracket. The frame is positioned directly above the boot body, and the bracket is slidably connected to the frame. The sliding direction of the bracket relative to the frame is vertical, and a first shock-absorbing spring is provided between the frame and the bracket. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the boot body, and the bracket is slidably connected to the connecting plate. The sliding direction of the bracket relative to the connecting plate is horizontal and parallel to the center line of the boot body. A second shock-absorbing spring is provided between the bracket and the boot body.

4. The piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A vertical shaft is fixedly installed on the top surface of the bracket. A first sliding hole is provided on the frame. The vertical shaft is slidably inserted into the first sliding hole. A first adjusting nut is threaded to the top end of the vertical shaft. A first shock-absorbing spring is sleeved on the vertical shaft. The two ends of the first shock-absorbing spring abut against the bottom surface of the frame and the top surface of the bracket, respectively. A horizontal shaft is fixedly installed on the side of the bracket. A second sliding hole is provided on the connecting plate. The horizontal shaft slides through the second sliding hole. A second adjusting nut is threaded to the end of the horizontal shaft away from the bracket. A reaction plate is sleeved on the horizontal shaft on the side of the connecting plate away from the bracket. A second shock-absorbing spring is sleeved on the horizontal shaft. The two ends of the second shock-absorbing spring abut against the reaction plate and the connecting plate, respectively.

5. The piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The trenching assembly also includes two seed protection plates, which are parallel to each other and symmetrically arranged along the symmetry plane of the boot body. The front ends of the two seed protection plates are respectively fixedly connected to the ends of the two side plates away from the plow tip.

6. The piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A seed dropping area is formed between the two seed protection plates, and a seed guide is fixedly installed on the frame. The outlet of the seed guide is set downward and faces the seed dropping area.

7. The piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a soil covering assembly, which comprises a mounting shaft, a soil covering frame, and a soil covering plate. The mounting shaft is fixedly installed at the rear end of the trenching assembly. One end of the soil covering frame is rotatably sleeved on the mounting shaft, and the other end of the soil covering frame is fixedly connected to the soil covering plate. A torsion spring is provided between the soil covering frame and the trenching assembly, and the torsion spring is used to provide elastic force to make the soil covering plate swing downward.

8. The piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The soil covering frame and the soil covering plate are fastened together by bolts.

9. The piezoelectric ultrasonic biomimetic anti-adhesion and resistance-reducing trenching device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The trenching assembly also includes a limiting rod, the two ends of which are fixedly connected to the rear ends of the two seed protection plates, and the limiting rod is located below the soil covering frame.

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