A multi-dimensional self-resetting viscous damping bearing

By designing a multidimensional self-resetting viscous damping bearing, the bending deformation of the beam is converted into bearing rotation by a ball joint, the viscous medium dissipates energy, and the spring provides reset stiffness. This solves the problems of easy failure of bridge bearings during earthquakes and the lack of reset capability of viscous dampers, and achieves efficient damping and rapid recovery of bridge structures.

CN122236022APending Publication Date: 2026-06-19CIVIL AVIATION UNIV OF CHINA
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
CIVIL AVIATION UNIV OF CHINA
Filing Date
2026-04-29
Publication Date
2026-06-19

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing bridge bearings are prone to failure during earthquakes, leading to changes in the force transmission path of the structure and exacerbating damage. Furthermore, viscous dampers lack the ability to reset, and are prone to residual displacement after strong earthquakes, affecting the post-earthquake functional recovery of bridges.

Method used

A multidimensional self-resetting viscous damping bearing is designed, which combines a ball joint, a viscous damping medium, and a spring structure to achieve universal rotation, multi-directional sliding, and damping energy dissipation of the bearing. The ball joint converts the bending deformation of the beam into the rotation of the bearing, the viscous medium dissipates energy, and the spring provides the reset stiffness, thus avoiding structural damage and residual displacement.

Benefits of technology

It effectively protects the main beams and supports of the bridge from localized stress damage, significantly attenuates seismic energy, enhances the bridge structure's recovery capacity and post-earthquake resilience, and ensures rapid restoration to normal use.

✦ Generated by Eureka AI based on patent content.

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Abstract

A multidimensional self-resetting viscous damping bearing. It comprises an upper bearing plate, a friction-reducing sleeve, a ball joint, a middle bearing plate, a friction-reducing plate, a lower bearing plate, a lower bearing plate surround plate, a spring, and a viscous damping medium. The advantages of this invention are: effectively releasing the bearing bending moment, fundamentally protecting the ends of the bridge main beam and the core stress surface of the bearing from localized crushing, avoiding structural cracking and damage caused by stress concentration, and extending the service life of the bridge structure and the bearing; suppressing residual displacement after earthquakes, significantly improving the recovery capability of the bridge structure, ensuring that the bridge can quickly return to normal service after an earthquake; effectively reducing the relative displacement between piers and beams, improving the recoverability of the bridge structure after an earthquake, while the elastic effect of the spring can also buffer the impact force under seismic action, further optimizing the damping effect of the bearing.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of vibration reduction devices in civil engineering, and particularly relates to a multidimensional self-resetting viscous vibration reduction bearing. Background Technology

[0002] Bridge bearings are among the most vulnerable components to earthquake damage. Bearing slippage, anchorage shearing, and even detachment can directly lead to severe earthquake damage such as main beam displacement and beam collapse. Bearing failure alters the structural force transmission path, exacerbates superstructure displacement, triggers cascading damage to piers and abutments, and significantly increases the difficulty of post-earthquake repair. Seismic isolation and damping technologies improve structural safety through base isolation and energy dissipation. Spherical hinge bearings combine load-bearing, rotational, and displacement adaptability. The hinged structure solves the load-bearing and rotational problems under large rotation angle conditions, but its own damping dissipation capacity is insufficient, making it difficult to achieve effective damping independently under strong earthquakes. Viscous dampers, as velocity-type energy dissipation devices, have damping forces related to velocity, full hysteresis curves, and strong energy dissipation capacity without changing the inherent structural characteristics. However, they are complex in construction, occupy a large space, and have low integration. They do not have load-bearing capacity themselves and must be used in parallel with bearings. In addition, viscous dampers themselves lack restoring ability and are prone to residual displacement after strong earthquakes, which seriously affects the post-earthquake functional recovery of bridges. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a multidimensional self-resetting viscous damping support.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the multidimensional self-resetting viscous damping bearing provided by the present invention includes an upper bearing plate, a friction-reducing sleeve, a ball joint, a middle bearing plate, a friction-reducing plate, a lower bearing plate, a lower bearing plate surrounding plate, a spring, and a viscous damping medium; wherein, the lower bearing plate is horizontally arranged; the lower bearing plate surrounding plate includes an outer sidewall, an upper limit plate, and a guide side plate; the outer sidewall is cylindrical, with its lower end fixed to the outer side of the top surface of the lower bearing plate; the upper limit plate is annular, horizontally arranged above the lower bearing plate, and its outer circumferential edge is fixed to the upper end of the outer sidewall; the guide side plate is also cylindrical, with its upper end fixed to the inner circumferential edge of the upper limit plate, and its lower end leaving a gap with the lower bearing plate, thus forming an annular space enclosed by the lower bearing plate, the outer sidewall, the upper limit plate, and the guide side plate; the friction-reducing plate is arranged on the top surface of the lower bearing plate, located inside the outer sidewall; the middle bearing plate is formed by a chassis. The chassis is disc-shaped and consists of a support column. The lower end of the support column is fixed at the center of the chassis. A middle seat plate is placed on the friction-reducing plate, and the edge of the chassis is embedded in the aforementioned annular space, thereby dividing the annular space into a first cavity and a second cavity. At the same time, multiple oil holes are formed circumferentially at intervals in the middle of the edge, so that the first cavity and the second cavity are interconnected. Multiple springs are arranged radially in the annular area between the support column and the guide side plate on the middle seat plate, with one end connected to the outer circumferential surface of the support column and the other end connected to the inner circumferential surface of the guide side plate. The bottom of the ball joint is fixed to the top surface of the support column on the middle seat plate. The friction-reducing sleeve is fitted on the outside of the ball joint. A hemispherical groove is formed in the middle of the bottom surface of the upper support plate, and the upper part of the ball joint and the friction-reducing sleeve are fitted into the hemispherical groove by a snap-fit ​​method. Viscous damping medium fills the first cavity and the second cavity.

[0005] Sealing rings are provided between the edge of the middle seat plate and the bottom surface of the upper limit plate, and between the chassis on the middle seat plate and the lower end of the guide side plate.

[0006] The viscous damping medium is liquid silicone oil.

[0007] Both the friction-reducing sleeve and the friction-reducing plate are made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

[0008] The opening of the hemispherical groove on the upper support plate is provided with an inwardly tapering locking step.

[0009] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are:

[0010] 1. The spherical hinge structure allows the upper support plate to rotate back and forth with the beam, efficiently converting the bending deformation of the beam during an earthquake into free rotation of the support. The beam itself does not need to bear additional angular stress, effectively releasing the support bending moment. This fundamentally protects the ends of the main beam and the core load-bearing surface of the support from local crushing, avoiding structural cracking and damage caused by stress concentration, and extending the service life of the bridge structure and the support. 2. Viscous damping media enables the support to efficiently dissipate seismic energy through fluid shear and compression under seismic action, significantly attenuating the vibration response of the bridge structure and reducing the impact damage of earthquakes on the bridge. Simultaneously, viscous damping media... It can effectively control the sliding and rotation speed of the bearing, avoiding component wear and structural damage caused by excessive movement speed. At the same time, in conjunction with the spring reset structure, it can synergistically suppress residual displacement after the earthquake, greatly improve the reset capability of the bridge structure, and ensure that the bridge can quickly return to normal use after the earthquake; 3. The radially evenly arranged springs provide stable and uniform reset stiffness for the bearing. The elastic force stored by the spring deformation is converted into the self-restoring force of the bearing, which can effectively reduce the relative displacement between the pier and the beam, improve the recoverability of the bridge structure after the earthquake, and at the same time, the elastic effect of the spring can also buffer the impact force under the earthquake action, further optimizing the vibration reduction effect of the bearing. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 Elevation view of the multidimensional self-resetting viscous damping support provided by the present invention;

[0012] Figure 2 This is a top view of the multidimensional self-resetting viscous damping support provided by the present invention;

[0013] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the multidimensional self-resetting viscous damping support structure provided by the present invention;

[0014] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the middle support plate and lower support plate of the multidimensional self-resetting viscous damping support provided by the present invention;

[0015] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Sectional view along line 3-3;

[0016] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Sectional view along line 1-1;

[0017] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Sectional view along line 2-2. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To further understand the invention's content, features, and effects, a detailed description is provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0019] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the multidimensional self-resetting viscous damping bearing provided by the present invention includes an upper bearing plate 1, a friction-reducing sleeve 11, a ball joint 2, a middle bearing plate 3, a friction-reducing plate 12, a lower bearing plate 4, a lower bearing plate surrounding plate 5, a spring 6, and a viscous damping medium 13; wherein, the lower bearing plate 4 is horizontally arranged; the lower bearing plate surrounding plate 5 includes an outer side wall 51, an upper limit plate 52, and a guide side plate 53; the outer side wall 51 is in the shape of a circular tube, and its lower end is fixed to the outer part of the top surface of the lower bearing plate 4; the upper limit plate 52 is in the shape of a ring, horizontally arranged above the lower bearing plate 4, and its outer circumferential edge is fixed. At the upper end of the outer sidewall 51, the guide side plate 53 is also in the shape of a cylindrical tube. Its upper end is fixed to the inner circumferential edge of the upper limit plate 52, and its lower end is separated from the lower support plate 4. Therefore, the lower support plate 4, the outer sidewall 51, the upper limit plate 52 and the guide side plate 53 form an annular space. The friction-reducing plate 12 is set on the top surface of the lower support plate 4 at the part inside the outer sidewall 51, forming a low-friction horizontal sliding pair to realize the multi-directional sliding function of the support. The middle support plate 3 is composed of a chassis and a support column. The chassis is disc-shaped, and the lower end of the support column is fixed at the center of the chassis. The middle seat plate 3 is mounted on the friction-reducing plate 12, and the edge 31 of the chassis is embedded in the aforementioned annular space, thereby dividing the annular space into a first cavity 21 and a second cavity 22. Simultaneously, multiple oil holes 10 are formed circumferentially at intervals along the middle of the edge 31, thus enabling communication between the first cavity 21 and the second cavity 22. Multiple springs 6 are radially arranged in the annular region between the support column and the guide side plate 53 on the middle seat plate 3, with one end connected to the outer circumferential surface of the support column and the other end connected to the inner circumferential surface of the guide side plate 53. The bottom of the ball joint 2 is fixed to the middle seat. The top surface of the support column on plate 3 forms an integrated force-bearing unit, ensuring that the upper load and horizontal force can be directly and efficiently transmitted to the middle support plate 3, so as to avoid the risk of connection failure between components; the friction-reducing sleeve 11 is fitted on the outside of the ball joint 2 to form a low-friction spherical pair, realizing the universal rotation of the support; a hemispherical groove is formed in the middle of the bottom surface of the upper support plate 1, and the upper part of the ball joint 2 and the friction-reducing sleeve 11 are fitted into the hemispherical groove in a snap-fit ​​manner to realize vertical anti-detachment constraint; the viscous damping medium 13 is filled in the first cavity 21 and the second cavity 22.

[0020] Sealing rings 9 are provided between the edge 31 on the middle seat plate 3 and the bottom surface of the upper limit plate 52, and between the chassis on the middle seat plate 3 and the lower end of the guide side plate 53, to prevent the viscous damping medium 13 in the first cavity 21 and the second cavity 22 from overflowing.

[0021] The viscous damping medium 13 is liquid silicone oil.

[0022] Both the friction-reducing sleeve 11 and the friction-reducing plate 12 are made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0023] The upper support plate 1 has an inwardly recessed locking step in the groove of the upper hemispherical groove to prevent the ball joint 2 and the friction-reducing sleeve 11 from coming out.

[0024] The assembly method of the multidimensional self-resetting viscous damping bearing provided by the present invention is described below:

[0025] During assembly, the lower support plate 4 is placed horizontally. A friction-reducing plate 12 is then laid on the center of the top surface of the lower support plate 4. The middle support plate 3 is then placed directly on the friction-reducing plate 12 for initial positioning. Subsequently, a sealing ring 9 is installed between the edge 31 of the middle support plate 3 and the bottom surface of the upper limit plate 52. The lower support plate surround 5 is then hoisted, ensuring that the upper limit plate 52 is parallel to the lower support plate 4. The lower end of the outer sidewall 51 is then welded to the outer side of the top surface of the lower support plate 4, thereby confining the edge 31 of the chassis on the middle support plate 3 within an annular space. Afterwards, the spring 6 is installed, the viscous damping medium 13 is filled, and the ball joint 2, friction-reducing sleeve 11, upper support plate 1, and the sealing ring 9 are installed between the chassis on the middle support plate 3 and the lower end of the guide side plate 53. The overall structure integrates components such as the upper support plate 1, ball joint 2, middle support plate 3, lower support plate 4, lower support plate surrounding plate 5, spring 6, and viscous damping medium 13 into a collaborative system through a triple assembly relationship of snap-fit, welding connection and cavity fitting. This achieves an organic combination of universal rotation, multi-directional sliding, damping energy dissipation and elastic reset functions.

[0026] The working principle of the multidimensional self-resetting viscous damping bearing provided by this invention is described below:

[0027] The multidimensional self-resetting viscous damping bearing provided by this invention can be firmly connected to the bridge pier and the main beam of the bridge by bolts through the anchor bolt holes 8 on the edge of the lower bearing plate 4 and the anchor bolt holes 7 on the edge of the upper bearing plate 1. Under seismic action, the reciprocating force in the horizontal direction will generate reciprocating tensile and compressive forces on the lower bearing plate 4. At this time, the middle bearing plate 3, which is fitted with the lower bearing plate 4, will make a smooth reciprocating sliding motion under the constraint of the annular space above the lower bearing plate 4. The reciprocating motion of the middle bearing plate 3 directly causes the volume change of the first cavity 21 and the second cavity 22. When the middle seat plate 3 moves back and forth on the friction-reducing plate 12, a uniform reciprocating frictional force is generated between the two, which can dissipate part of the seismic energy. Under the reciprocating compression of the middle seat plate 3 and the lower support plate 4, the viscous damping medium 13 in the first cavity 21 and the second cavity 22 will flow back and forth through the oil hole 10 on the edge 31 of the chassis. During the flow, the viscous damping medium 13 will be constrained by the oil hole 10, generating fluid shear force and extrusion resistance, forming a stable viscous damping force. This viscous damping force can efficiently dissipate seismic energy and significantly attenuate the vibration response of the bridge structure.

[0028] Simultaneously, as the middle seat plate 3 reciprocates and slides, the spring 6 is stretched or compressed synchronously. The elastic potential energy stored in the deformation of the spring 6 is converted into the self-restoring force of the support, providing uniform restoring stiffness for the middle seat plate 3 in any horizontal sliding direction, realizing the multi-directional restoring function of the support, thereby eliminating the residual displacement between the pier and the beam after the earthquake.

[0029] Furthermore, under seismic loading, the main girder of the bridge undergoes bending deformation due to the seismic force, transmitting a certain support bending moment to the supports. This bending moment causes the upper support plate 1 to rotate accordingly. At this time, the ball joint 2, which is fitted with the upper support plate 1, can flexibly adapt to the swing and rotation of the upper support plate 1, converting the bending deformation of the beam into free rotation of the support. This avoids local stress concentration at the beam end due to bending moment concentration, effectively protecting the ends of the main girder and the core load-bearing surface of the support from local crushing and reducing structural damage. At the same time, the reciprocating friction between the ball joint 2 and the anti-friction sleeve 11 can also dissipate some seismic energy, further attenuating the seismic response of the bridge structure and improving the overall damping effect of the support.

Claims

1. A multidimensional self-resetting viscous damping bearing, characterized in that: The multidimensional self-resetting viscous damping bearing includes an upper bearing plate (1), a friction-reducing sleeve (11), a ball joint (2), a middle bearing plate (3), a friction-reducing plate (12), a lower bearing plate (4), a lower bearing plate surround plate (5), a spring (6), and a viscous damping medium (13); wherein, the lower bearing plate (4) is horizontally arranged; the lower bearing plate surround plate (5) includes an outer side wall (51), an upper limit plate (52), and a guide side plate (53); the outer side wall (51) is in the shape of a cylindrical tube, and its lower end is fixed to the outer side of the top surface of the lower bearing plate (4); the upper limit plate (52) is in the shape of a cylindrical tube, and its lower end is fixed to the outer side of the top surface of the lower bearing plate (4); the upper limit plate (53) is in the shape of a ball joint (6), a ball joint (7), a ball joint (8), a ball joint (9), a ball joint (10), a ball joint (11), a ball joint (2), a middle bearing plate (3), a ball joint (12), a ball joint (13), a ball joint (14), a ball joint (15), a ball joint (16), a ball joint (17), a ball joint (18), a ball joint (19 ... 2) It is circular, horizontally positioned above the lower support plate (4), and its outer circumferential edge is fixed to the upper end of the outer sidewall (51); the guide side plate (53) is also cylindrical, with its upper end fixed to the inner circumferential edge of the upper limit plate (52), and its lower end having a gap with the lower support plate (4), thus forming an annular space enclosed by the lower support plate (4), the outer sidewall (51), the upper limit plate (52), and the guide side plate (53); the friction-reducing plate (12) is located on the top surface of the lower support plate (4) at the inner side of the outer sidewall (51); the middle support plate (3) The device consists of a chassis and a support column. The chassis is disc-shaped, and the lower end of the support column is fixed at the center of the chassis. The middle seat plate (3) is set on the friction-reducing plate (12), and the edge (31) of the chassis is embedded in the aforementioned annular space, thereby dividing the annular space into a first cavity (21) and a second cavity (22). At the same time, multiple oil holes (10) are formed circumferentially at intervals in the middle part of the edge (31), thereby enabling the first cavity (21) and the second cavity (22) to communicate with each other. Multiple springs (6) are radially arranged on the support column and guide side of the middle seat plate (3). Within the annular region between the plates (53), one end is connected to the outer circumferential surface of the support column, and the other end is connected to the inner circumferential surface of the guide side plate (53); the bottom of the ball joint (2) is fixed to the top surface of the support column on the middle seat plate (3); the friction-reducing sleeve (11) is fitted on the outside of the ball joint (2); a hemispherical groove is formed in the middle of the bottom surface of the upper support plate (1), and the upper part of the ball joint (2) and the friction-reducing sleeve (11) are fitted into the hemispherical groove by snap-fit; the viscous damping medium (13) is filled in the first cavity (21) and the second cavity (22).

2. The multidimensional self-resetting viscous damping support according to claim 1, characterized in that: Sealing rings (9) are provided between the edge (31) of the middle seat plate (3) and the bottom surface of the upper limit plate (52), and between the chassis of the middle seat plate (3) and the lower end of the guide side plate (53).

3. The multidimensional self-resetting viscous damping support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The viscous damping medium (13) is liquid silicone oil.

4. The multidimensional self-resetting viscous damping support according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the friction-reducing sleeve (11) and the friction-reducing plate (12) are made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

5. The multidimensional self-resetting viscous damping support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper support plate (1) has an inwardly recessed locking step in the groove of the upper hemispherical groove.