An explosion-proof cable gland

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of cable technology and discloses a cable explosion-proof shell, comprising: a protective shell, with through holes at both ends for cables to pass through; a trapping net covering the inner side of the protective shell; a debris-absorbing ring corresponding to the position of the cable joint on the inner side of the trapping net; and a venting column communicating with the protective shell, the venting column being located on the outer side of the protective shell, and its position corresponding to the position of the debris-absorbing ring; a spiral channel on the inner side of the venting column, with a baffle plate inside the spiral channel; and a buffer cavity at the end of the venting column away from the protective shell, with a metal honeycomb energy absorber inside the buffer cavity. This invention can effectively intercept debris generated during an explosion, providing high safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable technology, and in particular to an explosion-proof cable housing. Background Technology

[0002] Explosion-proof cable housings (also known as explosion-proof cable entry devices or cable sealing joints) are key safety components for electrical equipment in explosive gas or dust environments. Their core function is to allow cables to pass through the equipment while preventing potential internal arcs, sparks, or explosions from propagating through the cable channel to external hazardous areas, thereby ensuring the safety of personnel and facilities.

[0003] In existing technologies, conventional cable explosion-proof housings are mainly composed of a metal shell (such as cast aluminum or stainless steel), a compression nut, an elastic sealing ring (usually fluororubber or silicone rubber), and a locking thread. Their working principle relies on a strict explosion-proof gap design and reliable radial sealing to meet explosion-proof requirements.

[0004] However, in practical applications, traditional single-ring rubber seals are prone to shrinkage and failure after long-term use due to aging, thermal deformation or chemical corrosion. Especially in high temperature, oily or ozone environments, the sealing performance is significantly reduced, causing flammable gases to seep into the equipment and creating a secondary explosion hazard. In addition, it lacks protection against high-speed debris generated by the explosion. When a short circuit or arc explosion occurs inside the equipment, the cable armor layer, copper conductor or terminal may melt instantly and generate high-speed flying debris (especially at the cable joint, the flying speed of the debris can reach hundreds of meters per second). Although the existing rigid metal shell can withstand the pressure, it cannot effectively absorb or intercept these debris. In extreme cases, it may lead to local perforation of the shell, failure of the seal, or even ignition of the external environment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cable explosion-proof shell that can effectively intercept fragments generated during an explosion and has high safety.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a cable explosion-proof housing, comprising: The protective shell has through holes at both ends for cables to pass through, and the inner side of the protective shell is covered with a capture net, and the inner side of the capture net has a debris-absorbing retaining ring corresponding to the position of the cable joint. And a venting column connected to the protective shell, the venting column is located on the outside of the protective shell and the position of the venting column corresponds to the position of the fragment absorption baffle ring. A spiral channel is provided on the inner side of the venting column and a baffle plate is provided in the spiral channel. A buffer cavity is provided at the end of the venting column away from the protective shell and a metal honeycomb energy absorber is provided in the buffer cavity.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an energy-absorbing layer is provided between the outer side of the capture net and the inner side of the protective shell, and there is a gap of 2–5 mm between the energy-absorbing layer and the capture net.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the energy-absorbing layer contains hollow ceramic spheres.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sealing ring for being fitted onto a cable is provided in the through hole, and an energy-absorbing ring is provided on the side of the sealing ring near the inside of the protective shell, the inside of the energy-absorbing ring being filled with a phase change material.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the protective shell has a protective cavity inside its wall, the position of which corresponds to the position of the fragment absorption retaining ring, the protective cavity is filled with colloid, and the outer side of the protective shell has an injection port communicating with the protective cavity, and the injection port is provided with a feed valve.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a buffer tube is provided on the outer side of the debris absorption ring, and multiple buffer tubes are provided and evenly arranged along the axial direction of the protective shell.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a protective cover is installed at the end of the protective shell, the protective cover covers the through hole, and the protective cover is provided with a wire hole for cooperating with the cable.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the end of the protective cover is provided with a positioning block, the end of the protective shell is provided with a positioning groove that cooperates with the positioning block, the outside of the positioning groove is provided with a locking groove, the locking groove is provided with a magnet, the outside of the positioning block is provided with a mounting groove, the mounting groove is provided with a connecting plate that can move towards or away from the magnet, the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the locking block and the unlocking block, the locking block extends into the locking groove and is magnetically connected to the magnet, the unlocking block extends into the locking groove and extends to the outside.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the protective shell includes two shells, and the outer edges of the shells are provided with connecting strips, and the connecting strips of the two shells are connected by bolts.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a fixing bolt is provided on the debris absorption retaining ring, and the fixing bolt passes through the capture net and is threadedly connected to the inner side of the protective shell.

[0016] This invention provides a cable explosion-proof housing, which, compared with existing technologies, offers the following advantages: the fragment-absorbing baffle ring facilitates initial protection against fragments or impact forces generated by an explosion; furthermore, the capture net intercepts fragments generated by the explosion, preventing larger fragments from directly impacting the protective housing and thus preventing it from being punctured; additionally, when the pressure generated by the explosion is too high, the explosion products flow along the spiral channel, and the baffle plate reflects and consumes the kinetic energy of the fragments multiple times. Subsequently, the metal energy absorber further captures the remaining particles, facilitating the subsequent discharge of only high-temperature gas without fragment splashing; this cable explosion-proof housing effectively intercepts fragments generated during an explosion, ensuring high safety. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after one of the housings of the present invention has been removed; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of one of the housings of the present invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of point A in the image; Figure 5 This is a fracture structure diagram of the shell of the present invention; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of section B in the image; Figure 7 yes Figure 5 Another structural diagram; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A magnified view of point C in the image; Figure 9 This is a partial fracture structure diagram of the capture net of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a fracture structure diagram of the explosion relief column of the present invention; In the diagram, 1 is a protective shell; 11 is a through hole; 12 is a capture net; 13 is a debris absorption ring; 131 is a buffer tube; 132 is a fixing bolt; 14 is an energy-absorbing layer; 141 is a ceramic ball; 15 is a protective cavity; 151 is a colloid; 152 is a filling port; 16 is a sealing ring; 17 is an energy-absorbing ring; 171 is a phase change material; 18 is a shell; 181 is a connecting strip; 19 is a positioning groove; 191 is a locking groove; 192 is a magnet; 2 is a detonation column; 21 is a spiral channel; 22 is a baffle plate; 23 is a buffer cavity; 24 is a metal honeycomb energy absorber; 3 is a protective cover; 31 is a positioning block; 311 is a mounting groove; 312 is a connecting plate; 313 is a locking block; 314 is an unlocking block; 32 is a wire hole; and 4 is a cable connector. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0020] like Figure 1-10As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a cable explosion-proof housing, comprising: a protective housing 1 and an explosion-proof column 2. The protective housing 1 has through holes 11 at both ends for cables to pass through. The cables pass through the through holes 11 and extend into the protective housing 1. A capture net 12 is provided on the inner side of the protective housing 1. The capture net 12 can be fixed by rivets or adhesive. In this case, the rivets or adhesive are distributed at multiple points along the edge of the capture net 12, dispersing the local impact tension on the capture net 12 to the overall structure of the protective housing 1, preventing excessive force at a single point from causing it to detach. A debris-absorbing retaining ring 13 is provided on the inner side of the capture net 12, corresponding to the position of the cable joint 4. That is, the joint of the two cables is located within the inner ring of the debris-absorbing retaining ring 13. In this embodiment, the debris-absorbing retaining ring 13 is connected to the inner side of the protective housing 1 by bolts to achieve the installation of the debris-absorbing retaining ring 13. The fixed debris-absorbing ring 13 can block debris generated during a cable joint explosion from the front. Utilizing the high-strength physical barrier properties of the debris-absorbing ring 13, it directly absorbs and reflects most of the radially splashed fragments in the early stages of the explosion, reducing the number of fragments that subsequently reach the capture net 12. It should be noted that the risk level of debris splashing during a cable fault can be determined based on the size of the cable, and the material of the debris-absorbing baffle can be selected accordingly: when the cable size is small and the debris splashing is low-risk (low fault energy, weak fragment impact force), aluminum honeycomb panels are used; when the cable size is medium and the debris splashing is medium-risk (moderate fault energy, fragments with a certain impact force), epoxy resin composite panels are used; when the cable size is large and the debris splashing is high-risk (high fault energy, strong fragment impact force and penetrability), ceramic-metal gradient composite panels are used.The explosion relief column 2 is connected to the protective shell 1 and is located on the outside of the protective shell 1. The position of the explosion relief column 2 corresponds to the position of the fragment absorption baffle ring 13. A spiral channel 21 is provided on the inner side of the explosion relief column 2, and a baffle 22 is provided inside the spiral channel 21. It can be understood that the baffle 22 is located on the outer side of the spiral channel 21, and the baffle 22 does not block the spiral channel 21. When the airflow passes through the spiral channel 21, it is forced to change its straight-line motion path, forming a high-speed rotating vortex. Utilizing the huge difference in density between solid particles and gas in the gas-solid two-phase flow, a strong centrifugal separation effect is generated. A buffer cavity 23 is provided at the end of the explosion relief column 2 away from the protective shell 1. A metal honeycomb energy absorber 24 is provided inside the buffer cavity 23. First of all, the spiral channel 21 is spiral in shape. The generated airflow rotates at high speed along the spiral channel 21. Centrifugal force throws denser solid particles toward the baffle plate 22. The particles then undergo multiple changes in direction via the baffle plate 22, further separating them. When particles collide with the baffle plate 22, inelastic collisions occur, converting kinetic energy into heat energy or the deformation energy of the baffle plate 22. This causes a sharp decrease in particle velocity and sedimentation. Multiple sets of baffle plates 22 are fixedly connected inside the spiral channel 21. Finally, the separated particles enter the buffer chamber 23, where metal honeycomb energy absorbers 24 capture particle fragments. Utilizing the porous structure and tendency for plastic collapse of the metal honeycomb, residual microparticles are embedded in the honeycomb pores due to inertia, thus locking the particle path and preventing solid particles from being discharged.

[0021] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: When a cable explodes, the explosion at the cable joint is generally the most intense. The fragment-absorbing baffle ring 13 facilitates the initial resistance to the fragments or impact force generated by the explosion. Furthermore, the capture net 12 can intercept the fragments generated by the explosion, preventing larger fragments from directly impacting the protective shell 1. Through the elastic deformation of the capture net 12 itself and the tension of the mesh structure, larger fragments flying at high speed are flexibly intercepted, extending the deceleration time of the fragments and thus preventing the protective shell 1 from being penetrated. In addition, when the pressure generated by the explosion is too high, the explosion products (including fragments passing through the capture net 12) flow along the spiral channel 21. Centrifugal force causes heavy fragments to be thrown towards the baffle plate 22. The baffle plate 22 reflects the fragments multiple times, consuming their kinetic energy. Subsequently, the metal energy absorber further captures the remaining particles, realizing the graded treatment of high-temperature and high-pressure gas and solid damaging elements. This ensures that the gas can be smoothly discharged during the depressurization process to reduce the internal pressure of the shell 18. At the same time, solid fragments are intercepted layer by layer, facilitating the subsequent discharge of only high-temperature gas without fragment splashing. This cable explosion-proof shell effectively intercepts the fragments generated during the explosion, with good explosion-proof effect and high safety.

[0022] For example, such as Figure 5 , 6As shown in Figure 7, an energy-absorbing layer 14 is provided between the outer side of the capture net 12 and the inner side of the protective shell 1. There is a gap of 2-5 mm between the energy-absorbing layer 14 and the capture net 12. The energy-absorbing layer 14 is like a silicone rubber-based composite foam. When fragments that have not completely passed through the capture net 12 enter the gap, they impact the energy-absorbing layer 14. The energy-absorbing layer 14 utilizes the compression and collapse characteristics of its porous foam structure to convert the impact kinetic energy of the fragments into the compressive deformation energy and internal energy of the material, thus acting as a buffer pad and reducing the peak stress of the shock wave on the rigid wall of the protective shell 1. The kinetic energy of the fragments is absorbed by the energy-absorbing layer 14, preventing the fragments from rebounding and avoiding secondary impacts. In addition, the overall structure does not sacrifice the original explosion-proof gap design, but only serves as an additional lining. Moreover, residual particles (such as molten metal beads) are also easily blocked by the energy-absorbing layer 14, preventing the fragments from rebounding or penetrating the protective shell 1.

[0023] For example, such as Figure 9 As shown, the energy-absorbing layer 14 contains hollow ceramic spheres 141, which serve both energy absorption and heat insulation purposes. When fragments impact the energy-absorbing layer 14, the hollow ceramic spheres 141 are crushed under pressure, and the impact energy is consumed in large quantities by utilizing the crushing mechanism of brittle materials. At the same time, the ceramic material itself has low thermal conductivity, and the crushed ceramic powder can still form a heat insulation barrier to block the instantaneous high temperature generated by the explosion from being conducted to the outside of the protective shell 1.

[0024] For example, such as Figure 3 and 4 As shown, a sealing ring 16 for mounting on the cable is provided inside the through hole 11. The sealing ring 16 can meet the requirements of daily sealing. An energy-absorbing ring 17 is provided on the side of the sealing ring 16 near the inside of the protective shell 1. The energy-absorbing ring 17 is filled with a phase change material 171. The phase change material 171 is solid at room temperature. When it encounters the high temperature of an explosion, the phase change material 171 absorbs heat and changes to a liquid state. Its volume increases. The volume expansion caused by the phase change generates an active extrusion force, which forces the wall of the energy-absorbing ring 17 to expand and fit against the inner wall of the through hole on the outside and the outer wall of the cable on the inside. This actively compensates for the small gaps caused by the displacement of the cable due to the explosion impact or the aging of the sealing ring 16. This causes the energy-absorbing ring 17 to expand to fill the gaps, which further improves the sealing effect between the energy-absorbing ring 17 and the through hole 11 and the cable, thereby cutting off the gap path for the flame to spread outward.

[0025] For example, such as Figure 2 , 57. The inner wall of the protective shell 1 is provided with a protective cavity 15, the position of which corresponds to the position of the fragment absorption retaining ring 13. The protective cavity 15 is filled with colloid 151. The outer side of the protective shell 1 is provided with a filling port 152 that communicates with the protective cavity 15. The filling port 152 is provided with a feeding valve. The colloid 151 is used to reduce the impact velocity of the fragments. Utilizing the high viscosity and non-Newtonian fluid characteristics of the colloid 151, when the inner wall of the protective shell 1 is subjected to a violent impact and deforms or even partially ruptures, the flow of the colloid 151 generates huge viscous resistance, dissipates the shock wave energy, and prevents the high-speed fragments generated by the explosion from passing through the protective shell 1.

[0026] For example, such as Figure 7 and 8 As shown, a buffer tube 131 is provided on the outer side of the debris absorption ring 13. Multiple buffer tubes 131 are provided and are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the protective shell 1. The buffer tube 131 can further improve the impact resistance of the debris absorption ring 13. As a sacrificial structural component, the buffer tube 131 undergoes flattening plastic deformation when the debris absorption ring 13 is subjected to radial expansion force. It absorbs the radial shock wave energy generated by the explosion through its own structural collapse, protecting the outer capture net 12 and the protective shell 1 from direct hard impact.

[0027] For example, such as Figure 2 and 3 As shown, a protective cover 3 is installed at the end of the protective shell 1. The protective cover 3 covers the through hole 11. The protective cover 3 is provided with a wire hole 32 for cable connection. By setting the protective cover 3 at the end of the protective shell 1, the sealing ring 16 can be covered, preventing sunlight or rain from directly affecting the surface of the sealing ring 16 when used outdoors. The protective cover 3 can physically isolate ultraviolet radiation and acid rainwater erosion, maintain the molecular stability of the rubber material of the sealing ring 16, prevent it from hardening or cracking due to environmental factors, and prevent the sealing ring 16 from being corroded for a long time, which would reduce the sealing effect.

[0028] For example, such as Figure 3 and 4 As shown, the protective cover 3 has a positioning block 31 at its end, and the protective shell 1 has a positioning groove 19 at its end that mates with the positioning block 31. A locking groove 191 is located on the outside of the positioning groove 19, and a magnet 192 is located inside the locking groove 191. An installation groove 311 is located outside the positioning block 31, and a connecting plate 312 that can move towards or away from the magnet 192 is located inside the installation groove 311. The connecting plate 312 is fixedly connected to the locking block 313 and the unlocking block 314. The locking block 313 extends into the locking groove 191 and is magnetically connected to the magnet 192. The attraction of the magnet 192 to the locking block 313 ensures that the protective cover 3 remains tightly fitted to the protective shell 1 without external force, preventing it from falling off due to vibration. The unlocking block 314 extends into the locking groove 191 and protrudes to the outside. Figure 4 As shown, the positioning block 31 is not completely embedded in the positioning groove 19. The unlocking block 314 extends outward from the outside of the mounting groove 311. Under normal circumstances, the locking block 313 extends into the locking groove 191 and is connected to the magnet 192. At this time, the unlocking block 314 restricts the positioning block 31 from disengaging from the positioning groove 19, thereby locking the protective cover 3. When unlocking is required, an external force is applied to the unlocking block 314, forcing it to move the connecting plate 312 away from the magnet 192. When the external torque is greater than the attraction torque of the magnet 192, the locking block 313 is forcibly pulled out of the locking groove 191 and retracted into the mounting groove 311, eliminating the axial limitation on the positioning block 31. Then the protective cover 3 can be pulled out along the positioning groove 19, realizing tool-free quick disassembly and assembly of the protective cover 3.

[0029] For example, such as Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the protective housing 1 includes two housings 18. The outer edge of the housing 18 is provided with a connecting strip 181. The connecting strip 181 of the two housings 18 is connected by bolts, so that the protective housing 1 can be installed in a split manner so that the protective housing 1 can be installed on the cable.

[0030] For example, such as Figure 6 and 8 As shown, a fixing bolt 132 is provided on the debris absorption retaining ring 13. The fixing bolt 132 passes through the capture net 12 and is threaded to the inner side of the protective shell 1, which facilitates the installation and fixing of the debris absorption retaining ring 13. At the same time, the corresponding parts of the capture net 12 and the debris absorption retaining ring 13 are pressed by the debris absorption retaining ring 13, making the fixing structure of the capture net 12 more stable.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable explosion-proof enclosure, characterized in that: include: The protective shell has through holes at both ends for cables to pass through, and the inner side of the protective shell is covered with a capture net, and the inner side of the capture net has a debris-absorbing retaining ring corresponding to the position of the cable joint. And a venting column connected to the protective shell, the venting column is located on the outside of the protective shell and the position of the venting column corresponds to the position of the fragment absorption baffle ring. A spiral channel is provided on the inner side of the venting column and a baffle plate is provided in the spiral channel. A buffer cavity is provided at the end of the venting column away from the protective shell and a metal honeycomb energy absorber is provided in the buffer cavity.

2. The cable explosion-proof housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: An energy-absorbing layer is provided between the outer side of the capture net and the inner side of the protective shell, and there is a gap of 2–5 mm between the energy-absorbing layer and the capture net.

3. The cable explosion-proof housing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The energy-absorbing layer contains hollow ceramic spheres.

4. The cable explosion-proof housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective shell has a protective cavity inside its wall, the position of which corresponds to the position of the debris absorption ring. The protective cavity is filled with colloid, and the outer side of the protective shell has an injection port that communicates with the protective cavity. The injection port is equipped with a feed valve.

5. The cable explosion-proof housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the debris-absorbing ring is provided with a buffer tube, and there are multiple buffer tubes, which are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the protective shell.

6. The cable explosion-proof housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The through hole is provided with a sealing ring for being fitted onto the cable. An energy-absorbing ring is provided on the side of the sealing ring near the inside of the protective shell. The energy-absorbing ring is filled with phase change material.

7. The cable explosion-proof housing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The protective shell is equipped with a protective cover at its end, which covers the through hole and has a wire hole for mate with a cable.

8. The cable explosion-proof housing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The protective cover has a positioning block at one end, and the protective shell has a positioning groove at one end that mates with the positioning block. A locking groove is provided on the outside of the positioning groove, and a magnet is provided inside the locking groove. An installation groove is provided on the outside of the positioning block, and a connecting plate that can move toward or away from the magnet is provided inside the installation groove. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the locking block and the unlocking block. The locking block extends into the locking groove and is magnetically connected to the magnet. The unlocking block extends into the locking groove and extends to the outside.

9. The cable explosion-proof housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective shell comprises two shells, and the outer edges of the shells are provided with connecting strips. The connecting strips of the two shells are connected by bolts.

10. The cable explosion-proof housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing bolt is installed on the debris absorption ring, and the fixing bolt passes through the capture net and is threaded to the inside of the protective shell.

Images