Radio frequency communication frequency hopping anti-interference method applied to fault indicator

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of frequency hopping communication technology, specifically relating to a radio frequency communication frequency hopping anti-interference method applied to fault indicators. The internal topology of the fault indicator consists of a collection unit that establishes bidirectional communication connections with 3, 6, or 9 acquisition units. The collection unit broadcasts time synchronization and sends commands to the acquisition units, while the acquisition units only maintain necessary data transmission and command response functions. During communication, the initiator completes frequency band calculation and interference-free frequency band search operations, and stops frequency hopping after finding an interference-free frequency band. The receiver only performs frequency band information scanning of the initiator. Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are: by utilizing one party as the dominant party in communication, the energy consumption of the other party can be effectively reduced; the adaptive central node design allows multiple devices to leave in an orderly manner, preventing mutual interference that prevents them from leaving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of frequency hopping communication technology, and specifically relates to a radio frequency communication frequency hopping anti-interference method applied to fault indicators. Background Technology

[0002] Electronic communication transmits data by modulating electromagnetic waves of appropriate frequencies using technological means. If the frequency of the electromagnetic waves carrying information is interfered with, the data transmission becomes unreliable. It's like buying vegetables in a noisy market; you have to raise your voice to suppress the noise and ensure your information is conveyed correctly. However, raising the voice means increased output power and power consumption, making the effort disproportionate to the benefit in electronic communication. With electromagnetic waves, the receiver can often distinguish the desired "sound" based on different frequencies, thus obtaining valid information. Therefore, based on the frequencies of electromagnetic waves, many communication frequency bands can be designated, and communicating on the corresponding bands can greatly reduce interference.

[0003] Frequency hopping communication involves both parties agreeing to switch to the same frequency band at the same time for communication. This can be achieved by either using a stable, interference-free frequency band for continuous communication, or by having both parties regularly switch frequencies to ensure they can receive information from each other.

[0004] Continuous frequency hopping has very strong anti-interference capabilities because the time for each data exchange in electronic communication is very short. After each data exchange, it can switch to the next frequency band. Even if it occasionally enters an interfered frequency band and the data exchange fails, it can be retransmitted on the next frequency band to complete the data exchange. However, high-speed frequency band switching requires very intensive interaction between the communicating parties, or both parties need to calculate the information of the next frequency band, so it is not suitable for low-power scenarios.

[0005] Non-sustained frequency hopping involves both communicating parties finding a stable, interference-free frequency band and maintaining communication on that band until new interference is detected. However, when multiple devices of similar capability detect interference on the same frequency band, there is a lack of unified scheduling for orderly hopping. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a radio frequency communication frequency hopping anti-interference method for fault indicators.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: a radio frequency communication frequency hopping anti-interference method applied to a fault indicator. The internal topology of the fault indicator is that a collection unit establishes bidirectional communication connections with 3, 6, or 9 acquisition units respectively. The collection unit broadcasts time synchronization and sends commands to the acquisition units, while the acquisition units only maintain the necessary data transmission and command response functions. During communication, the initiator completes the frequency band calculation and interference-free frequency band search operation, and stops frequency hopping after the initiator finds an interference-free frequency band. The receiver only performs the operation of scanning the initiator according to the frequency band information.

[0008] Preferably, the steps are as follows:

[0009] S1. After the aggregation unit starts running, it detects the initial frequency band. If no radio frequency interference is received within t seconds, it considers itself as the communication occupant of this frequency band and marks itself as the central node.

[0010] S2. The aggregation unit broadcasts frequency hopping commands and spare frequency bands to the acquisition unit connected to it;

[0011] S3. After receiving the three-phase response, the aggregation unit starts frequency hopping and scans according to the spare frequency band. The aggregation unit stays in each spare frequency band for m seconds. If there is interference, it searches for the next frequency band. If there is no interference, it becomes the central node of that frequency band.

[0012] S4. After receiving the frequency hopping command, the acquisition unit remains silent in the original frequency band for a period of time, and then begins scanning according to the backup frequency band. The acquisition unit sends a request command in each backup frequency band, and then waits for T seconds. If a response is received, it stays in that frequency band; if no response is received, the acquisition unit continues to scan the next backup frequency band.

[0013] Preferably, if the aggregation unit, which is the central node, receives radio frequency interference, it first determines how many sources of radio frequency interference there are, and then arranges an interval of n seconds according to their order to allow the corresponding aggregation unit to leave.

[0014] Preferably, before becoming a central node, if the aggregation unit receives radio frequency interference from a non-central node, it compares the size of the communication addresses and marks itself as a central node if its own address is smaller.

[0015] Preferably, the aggregation unit will not respond to the request command sent by the acquisition unit after initiating frequency hopping and before becoming the central node.

[0016] Preferably, the spare frequency band group B[k1] is calculated as follows: b i =(b0+a) i *x j )%30; of which, b i b0 represents the initial frequency band and is an element constituting the reserve frequency band group B[k1]; a represents the initial frequency band; iFor elements in a fixed array A[k1], x j Let X[k2] be a fixed array of elements, where i and j represent index numbers, and k1 and k2 represent the number of elements in the corresponding array, respectively. k1 is fixed, while k2 can be modified.

[0017] Preferably, A

[10] = {2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 19, 23, 29, 31}; X

[15] = {2, 4, 7, 8, 11, 13, 14, 16, 17, 19, 22, 23, 26, 28, 29}.

[0018] Preferably, if the collection unit does not find a spare frequency band after scanning the spare frequency band, it adaptively adjusts the value of k2 in X[k2] and regenerates the spare frequency band.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. The process is led by the collection unit, which ensures low power consumption of the acquisition unit.

[0021] 2. It does not require frequent interaction, reducing interference to the equipment in this channel.

[0022] 3. The presence of a central node allows multiple devices to leave in sequence, preventing them from interfering with each other and being unable to leave.

[0023] In summary, by using one party to lead the communication in this invention, the energy consumption of the other party can be effectively reduced; the design of the adaptive central node allows multiple devices to leave in an orderly manner, preventing mutual interference that prevents them from leaving. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fault indicator structure in this invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the scanning of spare frequency bands by the collection unit in this invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the initial frequency band allocation principle;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the function of the central node;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the execution strategy of the acquisition unit. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, it will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in this specification. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1: With Figure 1 Taking the fault indicator shown as an example, the fault indicator includes one aggregation unit and three acquisition units. Typically, the aggregation unit, which has slightly lower power consumption requirements, broadcasts time synchronization and issues commands to the three acquisition units. Acquisition units A, B, and C only maintain the necessary data transmission and command response functions.

[0031] The fault indicator uses 470MHz radio frequency communication, with 30 available frequency bands. In some detection scenarios, up to 16 devices may communicate simultaneously, so communication interference is highly likely.

[0032] To address the above scenarios, a method is provided for the aggregation unit to calculate backup frequency bands. If interference in the same frequency band is detected, the unit scans for backup frequency bands and then remains on an interference-free band. (Refer to...) Figure 2 Understanding the process: when both backup frequency band 1 and backup frequency band 2 are occupied, the system will scan for backup frequency band 3. If backup frequency band 3 becomes available, the aggregation unit will remain on backup frequency band 3; otherwise, it will continue scanning until it encounters the first available backup frequency band and stabilizes. The acquisition unit, based on the interference flags broadcast by the aggregation unit and the backup frequency band information, will become a frequency hopping device after a period of time, also quickly scanning the backup frequency bands, and ultimately achieving communication synchronization with the aggregation unit on the new frequency band.

[0033] In calculating the spare frequency bands, a fixed formula was used to facilitate troubleshooting communication problems. The spare frequency band group B[k1] is calculated as follows: b i =(b0+a) i *x j )%30; of which, b i Represents the elements in the spare frequency band B[k1], all b i This constitutes the spare frequency band B[k1]; b0 represents the initial frequency band; a i For elements in a fixed array A[k1], x jThe elements in the fixed array X[k2] are represented by i and j, which are index numbers. k1 and k2 represent the number of elements in the corresponding array, respectively. k1 is fixed and k2 can be modified to prevent devices with the same initial frequency band from having the same spare frequency band. %30 means taking the remainder after dividing by 30. The parameters i∈[0,9] and j∈[0,14] have 10 spare frequency bands, but in some cases there may be 2-3 repeated frequency bands, which affects efficiency. To address this problem, two fixed array numbers were optimized. A

[10] ={2,3,5,7,11,13,19,23,29,31} uses a prime number array; X

[15] ={2,4,7,8,11,13,14,16,17,19,22,23,26,28,29} is a scheme with a low frequency band repetition rate selected by Excel calculation.

[0034] After a aggregation unit is activated, it will detect the initial frequency band for a period of time. If there is no communication interference, it considers itself the communication occupant of this frequency band, which we call the central node. If two or more aggregation units are activated simultaneously, they will compare the size of their communication addresses, and the one with the smaller address quickly becomes the central node. (See reference...) Figure 3 understand.

[0035] If a frequency band simultaneously hosts a central node and interfering devices, the central node will send instructions to the interfering devices, instructing them to search for available frequencies on backup bands. The central node's role is to schedule other devices vying for the frequency band and to ensure they leave at staggered times. (See reference...) Figure 4 Understanding this, when acquisition unit 1 becomes the central node and aggregation units 2 and 3 interfere, aggregation unit 1 sends a command to aggregation unit 2 to leave after n seconds, and a command to aggregation unit 3 to leave after 2n seconds. Aggregation units 2 and 3 will leave in staggered timeframes according to the received command information. After leaving, the interfering device will sequentially scan the spare frequency bands, then select the first interference-free frequency band encountered, and wait for a period of time before becoming the central node of that frequency band.

[0036] The acquisition unit's strategy is to remain silent immediately upon receiving a frequency hopping command from the aggregation unit, wait for a period of time, and then send request frames one by one according to the frequency bands specified in the command. If a response is received from the aggregation unit, it stays on that frequency band; otherwise, it continues the scanning operation. (Refer to...) Figure 5 understand.

[0037] Combination Figure 1-5 Understanding a frequency hopping anti-interference method for radio frequency communication applied to fault indicators, the steps are as follows:

[0038] S1. After the aggregation unit starts operating, if it does not receive any radio frequency interference within t seconds, it marks itself as the central node. If it receives radio frequency interference from a non-central node, it compares the size of the communication addresses, and if its own address is smaller, it marks itself as the central node.

[0039] S2. If the aggregation unit of the central node receives radio frequency interference, it will determine how many sources of interference there are and, according to their order, schedule an interval of n seconds for the corresponding aggregation unit to leave. The purpose of n seconds is that the aggregation unit needs to broadcast a frequency hopping command and a backup channel to its own acquisition unit. The backup channel is the backup frequency band number. To prevent conflicts caused by multiple devices broadcasting simultaneously, the central node will give the aggregation unit a waiting time of n seconds to delay initiating the command.

[0040] S3. After receiving a three-phase response to the broadcast command, the aggregation unit begins scanning according to the spare frequency bands. The aggregation unit stays on each spare frequency band for m seconds. If there is interference, it searches for the next frequency band; if there is no interference, it becomes the central node of that frequency band.

[0041] S4. After receiving the frequency hopping command, the acquisition unit remains silent in the original frequency band for a period of time, and then begins scanning according to the backup frequency bands. The acquisition unit sends a request command to each backup frequency band and then waits 0.5 seconds for a response. If a response is received, it indicates that the acquisition unit is in this frequency band, and the acquisition unit also stays in this frequency band; if no response is received, the acquisition unit continues scanning the next backup frequency band.

[0042] Additional explanation: After initiating frequency hopping, the aggregation unit will not respond to the request command sent by the acquisition unit until it becomes the central node. The acquisition unit's scanning operation is relatively fast, so the scanning operation has intervals and it cannot frequently send commands to the spare frequency band. If the aggregation unit does not find a free frequency band after scanning the spare frequency band, it will adaptively adjust the parameter value in X[k2], regenerate the spare frequency band, and start executing from step S2 again.

[0043] The purpose of this invention is to delegate the main tasks of frequency hopping to one party in the communication process, minimizing the power consumption of the other party. The initiating party performs frequency band calculations and searches for interference-free frequency bands. Once an interference-free frequency band is found, the initiating party stops frequency hopping, and the receiving party only needs to perform a single scan of the initiating party's frequency band information. Furthermore, to prevent multiple communication devices from interfering with each other on the same frequency band, thus preventing successful frequency hopping, all sending parties have the potential to become "managers" of a specific frequency band. Under certain conditions, one sending party can become a central node, arranging for other devices to initiate frequency hopping sequentially and leave in an orderly manner, improving efficiency.

[0044] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

Claims

1. A radio frequency communication frequency hopping anti-interference method applied to a fault indicator, characterized in that, The internal topology of the fault indicator consists of a collection unit that establishes bidirectional communication connections with 3, 6, or 9 acquisition units. The collection unit broadcasts time synchronization and issues commands to the acquisition units, while the acquisition units only maintain the necessary data transmission and command response functions. During communication, the initiator completes frequency band calculation and interference-free frequency band search operations, and stops frequency hopping after finding an interference-free frequency band. The receiver only performs the operation of scanning the initiator according to the frequency band information.

2. The radio frequency hopping anti-interference method for fault indicators applied to a fault indicator, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The steps are as follows: S1. After the aggregation unit starts running, it detects the initial frequency band. If no radio frequency interference is received within t seconds, it considers itself as the communication occupant of this frequency band and marks itself as the central node. S2. The aggregation unit broadcasts frequency hopping commands and spare frequency bands to the acquisition unit connected to it; S3. After receiving the three-phase response, the aggregation unit starts frequency hopping and scans according to the spare frequency band. The aggregation unit stays in each spare frequency band for m seconds. If there is interference, it searches for the next frequency band. If there is no interference, it becomes the central node of that frequency band. S4. After receiving the frequency hopping command, the acquisition unit remains silent in the original frequency band for a period of time, and then begins scanning according to the backup frequency band. The acquisition unit sends a request command in each backup frequency band, and then waits for T seconds. If a response is received, it stays in that frequency band; if no response is received, the acquisition unit continues to scan the next backup frequency band.

3. The radio frequency hopping anti-interference method for fault indicators applied to a fault indicator, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that... If a central node's aggregation unit receives radio frequency interference, it first determines how many sources of interference there are, and then arranges n-second intervals according to their order to allow the corresponding aggregation unit to leave.

4. The radio frequency hopping anti-interference method for fault indicators applied to a fault indicator, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that... Before becoming a central node, if the aggregation unit receives radio frequency interference from a non-central node, it compares the size of the communication addresses and marks itself as the central node if its own address is smaller.

5. The radio frequency hopping anti-interference method for fault indicators applied to a fault indicator, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that... After initiating frequency hopping, the aggregation unit will not respond to the request command sent by the acquisition unit until it becomes the central node.

6. The radio frequency communication frequency hopping anti-interference method for fault indicators according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Calculation of spare frequency band group B[k1]: b i =(b0+a) i *x j )%30; of which, b i b0 represents the initial frequency band and is an element constituting the reserve frequency band group B[k1]; a represents the initial frequency band; i For elements in a fixed array A[k1], x j Let X[k2] be a fixed array of elements, where i and j represent index numbers, and k1 and k2 represent the number of elements in the corresponding array, respectively. k1 is fixed, while k2 can be modified.

7. The radio frequency hopping anti-interference method for fault indicators applied to a fault indicator, as described in claim 6, is characterized in that... A[10]={2,3,5,7,11,13,19,23,29,31}; X[15]={2,4,7,8,11,13,14,16,17,19,22,23,26,28,29}.

8. The radio frequency hopping anti-interference method for fault indicators according to claim 7, characterized in that, If the collection unit does not find a free frequency band after scanning the spare frequency band, it adaptively adjusts the k2 value in X[k2] and regenerates the spare frequency band.

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