A project land and space planning evaluation method based on big data

Abstract

This invention discloses a big data-based evaluation method for marine land use in territorial spatial planning, relating to the field of territorial spatial planning technology. It collects multi-dimensional planning data, including current marine area use, territorial spatial planning, marine functional zoning, and ecological environment data. This data is then integrated using GIS technology to construct a database of marine land use for projects. Big data visualization tools are used to overlay and display the multi-dimensional planning data, presenting spatial layout relationships and identifying potential conflict areas. By integrating multi-dimensional data from current marine area use, territorial spatial planning, marine functional zoning, and ecological environment data, and utilizing big data technology for refined evaluation, this invention provides a more comprehensive reflection of the impact of marine land use projects on territorial space compared to traditional methods. It avoids biases caused by limited data and experience-based judgments, thereby improving the accuracy of planning evaluation and ensuring that marine land use projects comply with the detailed requirements of territorial spatial planning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of land and space planning technology, specifically to a big data-based evaluation method for marine land and space planning of projects. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous improvement of the national land space planning system, higher requirements have been put forward for the refined management of marine use in projects. The fragility and importance of marine ecosystems determine that marine use in projects must be carried out under the premise of ecological protection. Traditional planning evaluation methods often rely on limited sample data and experience judgment, which makes it difficult to comprehensively and accurately reflect the impact of marine use in projects on national land space. Through big data technology, multi-source data can be integrated to achieve a refined evaluation of marine use in projects, ensuring that marine use in projects meets the detailed requirements of national land space planning.

[0003] In existing technologies, the marine use of projects changes over time, making it easy to overlook the spatial optimization distribution of different functional zones, resulting in unreasonable spatial layout and affecting the accuracy of national land space planning. Therefore, how to combine multi-dimensional data to analyze marine development and utilization space and improve the accuracy of the analysis of the conformity between project marine use changes and national land space planning is the problem that this invention aims to solve. To this end, a big data-based evaluation method for project marine use national land space planning is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a big data-based evaluation method for marine land use planning, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A big data-based evaluation method for marine land use planning includes the following steps: S1. Collect multi-dimensional planning data on the current status of sea area use, land spatial planning, marine functional zoning and ecological environment data, and integrate the data through GIS technology to build a sea area use database for the project; S2. Utilize big data visualization tools to overlay and display multi-dimensional planning data, present spatial layout relationships, and identify potential conflict areas; S3. Based on the spatial layout visualization results, use spatial analysis algorithms to identify conflict points between the project's sea use and existing functional zoning and ecological protection red lines, and assess the degree of conflict. S4. In accordance with the requirements of the national land space planning, starting from the spatial use access, sea use mode and protection requirements, quantitatively assess the conformity of the project's sea use change with the national land space planning, and identify potential mismatch issues. S5. Based on the conflict analysis and compliance assessment results, generate multiple optimized planning schemes, analyze the spatial layout effects under different optimized planning schemes, and determine the optimal optimized planning scheme through comparison. S6. Based on the determined optimal planning scheme, adjust the marine use layout of the project to ensure a high-precision match between the spatial layout and the national land planning.

[0006] A further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention is that: S1 specifically includes: Define the scope of data collection and collect multi-dimensional planning data from various data sources, including the current status of marine area use, territorial spatial planning, marine functional zoning, and ecological environment data. The collected multi-dimensional planning data is preprocessed, including data cleaning, format conversion and missing value imputation, to ensure data quality. In accordance with unified data standards and specifications, various types of data are standardized to make them consistent and comparable and to eliminate differences between data. By utilizing GIS technology, preprocessed and standardized multi-dimensional planning data are spatially integrated. Through the spatial overlay and analysis functions of the GIS platform, data on the current status of marine use, territorial spatial planning, marine functional zoning, and ecological environment are merged to form a comprehensive dataset with spatial attributes. Subsequently, a marine use database for the project is constructed in the GIS environment to realize the storage, query, analysis, and visualization of data.

[0007] A further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention is that: S2 specifically includes: ArcGIS was selected as the big data visualization tool for marine data display. Tool parameters, including map projection and layer transparency, were configured to ensure that layers from different data sources could be accurately overlaid. Then, pre-processed data on current marine use, land spatial planning, marine functional zoning, and ecological environment were imported. Layer styles, including colors, symbols, and line types, were set to distinguish different types of marine use projects and functional zoning. In ArcGIS, layers are overlaid in a logical order to display multi-dimensional planning data from different sources and of different types. By adjusting the layer order and transparency parameters, each data layer is clearly presented in space, forming an intuitive spatial layout relationship diagram. This allows for a direct observation of the spatial correspondence between the current use of the sea area and the national land space planning and marine functional zoning, as well as the spatial distribution characteristics of ecological and environmental data. Based on the overlay display, the spatial query and buffer analysis functions of ArcGIS are used to identify potential conflict areas between the project's use of the sea and existing functional zoning and ecological protection red lines. Spatial queries are used to find areas where the distance between the boundary of the sea use project and the ecological protection red line is less than a set threshold. Buffer analysis is used to determine the scope of ecologically sensitive areas affected by the sea use project. Then, the identified conflict areas are analyzed in detail to assess the type, degree and scope of the conflict.

[0008] A further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention is that: S3 specifically includes: Based on the spatial layout visualization results, a buffer analysis algorithm is used to create a set of buffer zones based on the project's sea use boundary. The buffer zone distance is determined according to the impact range of the project's sea use. At the same time, an overlay analysis algorithm is used to overlay the buffer zones with the existing functional zoning and ecological protection red line layers. Through the spatial query function, the overlapping areas between the buffer zones and the functional zoning and ecological protection red lines are identified. The overlapping areas are potential conflict points. For the identified conflict points, a vector analysis algorithm is used to calculate the geometric features of the area and shape integrity of the conflict region. The larger the area and the more irregular the shape, the higher the degree of conflict tends to be. At the same time, a weighted superposition analysis algorithm is used to assign corresponding weights to different conflict points and calculate the conflict severity index to comprehensively evaluate the severity of the conflict and quantify the severity of the conflict.

[0009] A further improvement to the technical solution of this invention lies in the following: the calculation process of the conflict severity index is as follows: Based on all identified conflict points, the weight of each conflict point is determined. Then, a vector analysis algorithm is used to measure and record the area and perimeter of each conflict point. At the same time, the average area and average perimeter of all conflict points are calculated. For each conflict point, calculate the ratio of its area to the average area, and the shape irregularity, where the shape irregularity is obtained by calculating the ratio of the perimeter of each conflict point to the average perimeter, and subtracting the ratio of the perimeter from 1. The contribution value of each conflict point is obtained by multiplying its area ratio, shape irregularity, and weight. Then, the contribution values ​​of all conflict points are added together to obtain the final conflict severity index, which quantifies the severity of the conflict between the project's sea use change and the national land spatial planning.

[0010] A further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention is that: S4 specifically includes: In accordance with the requirements of the national land and space planning, an evaluation indicator system is established from three aspects: spatial use access, sea use mode, and protection requirements. The specific indicators include: spatial use access indicators, sea use mode indicators, and protection requirements indicators. Collect and organize detailed data on the changes in sea use before and after the project, including the location, area, type, method of sea use after the change, as well as information on the protected areas involved; Based on the established evaluation index system, combined with the area of ​​the sea area used by the project, the distance between the sea area used by the project and the nearest ecological protection red line, and the perimeter of the sea area used by the project, and setting the maximum allowable sea area, reference distance and maximum allowable sea perimeter, the compliance score is calculated to quantitatively evaluate the changes in the sea area used by the project, assess the compliance of the changes in the sea area used by the project with the national land space planning, analyze the compliance score and identify potential mismatch problems.

[0011] A further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention is that the calculation process of the compliance score is as follows: Calculate the ratio of the sea area used to the maximum permissible sea area, and take its square root to obtain the area normalized value; Calculate the ratio of the distance between the project's sea area and the nearest ecological protection red line to the reference distance, and take its negative exponent to obtain the distance attenuation factor; Calculate the ratio of the sea use perimeter to the maximum permissible sea use perimeter, and subtract this ratio from 1 to obtain the normalized perimeter value; The final compliance score is obtained by multiplying the area normalization value, distance attenuation factor, and perimeter normalization value. By analyzing the components of the compliance score, potential mismatch issues are identified. If the area normalization value is low, it indicates that the sea area used is too large and needs to be reduced. If the distance attenuation factor is low, it indicates that the sea area used by the project is too close to the ecological protection red line and needs to be adjusted. If the perimeter normalization value is low, it indicates that the perimeter of the sea area used is too long and needs to be optimized.

[0012] A further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention is that: S5 specifically includes: Based on the conflict analysis results, the key nodes and areas where the project's use of the sea area conflicts with the existing plan are identified. Based on the conformity assessment results, the elements in the plan that do not meet the requirements of the national land space plan are identified. On this basis, from the perspectives of adjusting the location of the sea area project, changing the sea area use mode, and optimizing the functional zoning layout, multiple optimized planning schemes are generated. Each scheme must provide a detailed description of the specific adjustments to the sea area type, area, boundary, and related functional zoning to ensure that the schemes are operable and diverse. Using GIS for spatial analysis, the generated multiple optimized planning schemes are input into the system one by one to simulate the spatial layout effect of the sea area under different schemes, including the distribution of sea-use projects, their coordination with functional zoning, and their impact on the ecological protection red line. Through visualization, the spatial pattern after the implementation of each scheme is presented intuitively, and it is observed whether the layout of sea-use projects and surrounding functional zoning is reasonable and meets the requirements of national land space planning. By comparing the simulation results of various optimization schemes, a comprehensive analysis is conducted from the aspects of the rationality of the spatial layout, the degree of conformity with the national land spatial planning, and the impact on the ecological environment, to determine the optimal optimization planning scheme.

[0013] A further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention is that: S6 specifically includes: The determined optimal planning scheme is broken down, and based on the sea use type, area, and boundary adjustment content specified in the scheme, combined with the actual situation of the natural conditions and resource distribution of the sea area, the specific layout of the sea use of the project is replanned. Based on the refined layout plan, the relevant data on the project's sea use will be updated in the GIS system, including modifying the vector data of the sea use boundary and adjusting the attribute information of the sea use area. The updated project sea use data will be overlaid and matched with the land and space planning data with high precision using the GIS system. The relevant departments will review the adjusted marine use layout of the project. The review will include the rationality of the spatial layout, its compatibility with the national land planning, and its impact on the ecological environment. Based on the review comments, necessary modifications and improvements will be made. After the review is approved, the implementation materials for the adjustment of the marine use layout of the project will be prepared, including the application report, planning drawings, technical specifications, etc. The relevant departments will be contacted and coordinated to handle the relevant approval procedures.

[0014] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the technical progress achieved by this invention compared to the prior art is as follows: 1. This invention provides a big data-based evaluation method for marine land use planning. By integrating multi-dimensional data on current marine use, land use planning, marine functional zoning, and ecological environment data, it utilizes big data technology for refined evaluation. Compared with traditional methods, it can more comprehensively reflect the impact of marine land use on land space, avoid the bias caused by limited data and experience-based judgment, thereby improving the accuracy of planning evaluation and ensuring that marine land use meets the detailed requirements of land use planning.

[0015] 2. This invention provides a big data-based evaluation method for marine land use planning. By using big data visualization tools and spatial analysis algorithms, it can intuitively display the spatial layout relationship of multi-dimensional planning data, identify potential conflict areas, and quantitatively assess the degree of conflict. Based on the analysis results, multiple optimized planning schemes can be generated. The optimal scheme can be determined by comparison, thereby optimizing the spatial layout of marine land use, reducing conflicts with existing functional zoning and ecological protection red lines, and improving the accuracy of land use planning. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process for identifying potential mismatch issues in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, this invention provides a method for evaluating marine land use planning based on big data, comprising the following steps: S1. Collect multi-dimensional planning data on the current status of marine area use, territorial spatial planning, marine functional zoning, and ecological environment data. Integrate the data using GIS technology to construct a marine use database for the project. Define the scope of data collection and collect multi-dimensional planning data from various data sources, including the current status of marine area use, territorial spatial planning, marine functional zoning, and ecological environment data. Specifically, the current status of marine area use includes the location of existing projects, type and area of ​​marine use, obtained from marine user units and maritime departments. Territorial spatial planning includes the delineation of marine ecological space, development and utilization space, and ecological protection red lines, obtained from natural resources departments. Marine functional zoning includes the control requirements of each functional zone and the mode of marine use, obtained from marine management departments. Ecological environment data includes water quality, sediment, biological resources, etc., obtained through environmental monitoring. The organization acquires and preprocesses the collected multi-dimensional planning data, including data cleaning, format conversion, and missing value imputation, to ensure data quality. Based on unified data standards and specifications, various types of data are standardized to ensure consistency and comparability, eliminating differences between data. Specifically, data cleaning removes duplicate, erroneous, or missing data records to guarantee data quality. Format conversion transforms data from different sources into a unified coordinate system and data format. Utilizing GIS technology, the preprocessed and standardized multi-dimensional planning data is spatially integrated. Through the spatial overlay and analysis functions of the GIS platform, data on current marine use, land spatial planning, marine functional zoning, and ecological environment are merged to form a comprehensive dataset with spatial attributes. Finally, a project marine use database is constructed in the GIS environment to achieve data storage, querying, analysis, and visualization. S2. Utilizing big data visualization tools, multi-dimensional planning data is overlaid and displayed to present spatial layout relationships and identify potential conflict areas. ArcGIS is selected as the big data visualization tool for marine data display. Tool parameters, including map projection and layer transparency, are configured to ensure accurate overlay of layers from different data sources. Pre-processed data on current marine use, land spatial planning, marine functional zoning, and ecological environment are then imported. Layer styles, including colors, symbols, and line types, are set to differentiate between different types of marine use projects and functional zoning. In ArcGIS, the layers are overlaid in a logical order, displaying multi-dimensional planning data from different sources and of different types. The layer order and transparency are adjusted accordingly. The degree parameter enables each data layer to be clearly presented in space, forming an intuitive spatial layout relationship diagram. This allows for a direct observation of the spatial correspondence between the current use of the sea area and the national land space planning and marine functional zoning, as well as the spatial distribution characteristics of ecological and environmental data. Based on the overlay display, the spatial query and buffer analysis functions of ArcGIS are used to identify potential conflict areas between the project's use of the sea and the existing functional zoning and ecological protection red lines. Spatial queries are used to find areas where the distance between the boundary of the sea use project and the ecological protection red line is less than a set threshold. Buffer analysis is used to determine the scope of ecologically sensitive areas affected by the sea use project. Then, the identified conflict areas are analyzed in detail to assess the type, degree, and scope of the conflict. S3. Based on the spatial layout visualization results, spatial analysis algorithms are used to identify conflict points between the project's sea use and existing functional zoning and ecological protection red lines, assess the degree of conflict, and, based on the spatial layout visualization results, use buffer analysis algorithms to create a set of buffer zones based on the project's sea use boundary. The buffer zone distance is determined according to the impact range of the project's sea use. At the same time, overlay analysis algorithms are used to overlay the buffer zones with existing functional zoning and ecological protection red line layers. Through spatial query functions, overlapping areas between buffer zones and functional zoning and ecological protection red lines are identified. Overlapping areas are potential conflict points. For the identified conflict points, vector analysis algorithms are used to calculate the geometric characteristics of the area and shape integrity of the conflict area. The larger the area and the more irregular the shape, the higher the degree of conflict tends to be. At the same time, weighted overlay analysis algorithms are used to assign corresponding weights to different conflict points and calculate the conflict severity index to comprehensively assess and quantify the severity of the conflict. The expression for the buffer set is: ; In the formula, For a buffer set, The coordinates of a point on the sea boundary of the project. Let be the coordinates of any point within the buffer. This is the distance to the buffer zone, which is the distance from the project's sea boundary point to the buffer zone boundary. Furthermore, the calculation process for the conflict severity index is as follows: Based on all identified conflict points, the weight of each conflict point is determined. The weight is determined according to the type of area where the conflict point is located, with higher weights assigned to conflict points in high ecological protection red line areas. Then, a vector analysis algorithm is used to measure and record the area and perimeter of each conflict point. At the same time, the average area and average perimeter of all conflict points are calculated. For each conflict point, the ratio of its area to the average area and its shape irregularity are calculated. The area ratio reflects the comparison between the conflict impact range and the average level, while the shape irregularity reflects the complexity of the conflict area boundary. The shape irregularity is obtained by calculating the ratio of the perimeter of each conflict point to the average perimeter and subtracting the perimeter ratio from 1. The area ratio, shape irregularity and weight of each conflict point are multiplied to obtain the contribution value of a single conflict point. Then, the contribution values ​​of all conflict points are added to obtain the final conflict severity index, which quantifies the severity of the conflict between the project's sea use change and the national land spatial planning. The expression for the conflict severity index is: ; In the formula, As a conflict severity index, The total number of conflict points identified. For the first The weight of each conflict point For the first The area of ​​each conflict point This is the average area of ​​all conflict points. For the first The perimeter of each point of conflict The average perimeter of all conflict points represents the area. The larger the area and the more irregular the shape (i.e., the longer the perimeter), the greater the contribution of each conflict point, indicating a more severe conflict. When the area of ​​all conflict points equals the average area and the perimeter of all conflict points equals the average perimeter, the contribution of each conflict point is 0. This indicates no conflict. However, when the area of ​​a conflict point is much larger than the average area and its perimeter is much larger than the average perimeter, the contribution of each conflict point will be very large, leading to... A large value indicates a very serious conflict; S4. In accordance with the requirements of the national land space planning, starting from the spatial use access, sea use mode and protection requirements, quantitatively assess the conformity of the project's sea use change with the national land space planning, and identify potential mismatch issues. S5. Based on the conflict analysis and compliance assessment results, generate multiple optimized planning schemes, analyze the spatial layout effects under different optimized planning schemes, and determine the optimal optimized planning scheme through comparison. S6. Based on the determined optimal planning scheme, adjust the marine use layout of the project to ensure a high-precision match between the spatial layout and the national land planning.

[0020] Example 2, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: preferably, S4 specifically includes: In accordance with the requirements of the national land spatial planning, an evaluation index system is established from three aspects: spatial use access, sea use mode, and protection requirements. Specific indicators include: spatial use access indicators, sea use mode indicators, and protection requirement indicators. Specifically, from the perspective of spatial use access, the system examines whether the type of sea use changed by the project conforms to the corresponding sea area functional positioning. Regarding sea use mode, it compares whether the changed mode is within the scope permitted by the planning. For protection requirements, it analyzes whether the project's sea use change involves areas prohibited or restricted by ecological protection red lines. Scoring rules are formulated for each indicator. For the spatial use access indicator, full marks are awarded if the sea area functional positioning is fully met; partial compliance results in proportional deductions. For the sea use mode indicator, within the scope permitted by the planning... Full marks are awarded for use within the permitted scope, and zero marks are awarded for illegal use of the sea. For protection requirement indicators, full marks are awarded if no prohibited or restricted areas are involved, and corresponding marks are deducted if such areas are involved. Detailed data on the sea use before and after the project's sea use change are collected and organized, including the changed sea use location, area, type, method, and information on the protected areas involved. Based on the established evaluation indicator system, combined with the area of ​​the project's sea use, the distance between the project's sea use and the nearest ecological protection red line, and the perimeter of the project's sea use, the maximum allowable sea use area, reference distance, and maximum allowable sea use perimeter are set. The compliance score is calculated, and the change of the project's sea use is quantitatively evaluated. The compliance of the change of the project's sea use with the national land space planning is assessed, and the compliance score is analyzed to identify potential mismatch issues. Furthermore, the calculation process for the compliance score is as follows: Calculate the ratio of the sea area used to the maximum permissible sea area, and take its square root to obtain the area normalized value. The area normalized value reflects the relative size of the sea area used relative to the maximum permissible area. The square root is used to mitigate the impact of area on compliance scores, ensuring that projects with smaller areas do not excessively lower their scores due to area factors. Calculate the ratio of the distance between the project's sea area and the nearest ecological protection red line to the reference distance, and take its negative exponent to obtain the distance attenuation factor. The distance attenuation factor reflects the impact of the distance between the project's sea area and the ecological protection red line on the compliance score. The greater the distance, the closer the attenuation factor is to 1, indicating a smaller impact on the compliance score; the closer the distance, the smaller the attenuation factor, indicating a greater impact on the compliance score. Calculate the ratio of the sea area perimeter used to the maximum permissible sea area perimeter, and subtract this ratio from 1 to obtain the perimeter normalized value. The perimeter normalized value reflects the relative size of the sea area perimeter used relative to the maximum permissible perimeter. Subtracting the ratio from 1 ensures that a smaller perimeter results in a larger normalized value. To improve the compliance score, the area normalization value, distance attenuation factor, and perimeter normalization value are multiplied together to obtain the final compliance score. The compliance score integrates the impact of three factors—area, distance, and perimeter—on the project's compliance with the national land space plan. By multiplying the three normalization values, a comprehensive compliance score is obtained to assess the compliance of the project's sea use change with the national land space plan. Based on the calculated compliance score, the compliance of the project's sea use change with the national land space plan is assessed. The closer the compliance score is to 1, the higher the compliance of the project's sea use with the national land space plan; the closer the score is to 0, the lower the compliance. By analyzing the various components of the compliance score, potential mismatch problems are identified. If the area normalization value is low, it indicates that the sea area is too large and the sea area needs to be reduced. If the distance attenuation factor is low, it indicates that the distance between the project's sea use and the ecological protection red line is too close and the sea use location needs to be adjusted. If the perimeter normalization value is low, it indicates that the sea area perimeter is too long and the sea use shape needs to be optimized. The expression for the compliance score is: ; In the formula, For compliance score, The area of ​​the sea area used for the project. To the maximum permissible sea area, The distance between the project's sea area and the nearest ecological protection red line. This is a reference distance used to adjust the degree of influence of distance. The perimeter of the sea area used for the project. To maximize the permissible perimeter of sea area use, the smaller the sea area used and the farther away from the ecological protection red line, the higher the compliance score, indicating better compliance between the project's sea area use and the national land spatial planning. , , hour, This indicates that the project's use of the sea area is completely inconsistent with the national land use plan. Approaching 0 near , When the score is close to 0, it indicates that the project's use of the sea area is fully in line with the national land space plan. As the sea area decreases, the distance from the ecological protection red line increases, and the perimeter of the sea area decreases, the compliance score will increase. S5 specifically includes: Based on the conflict analysis results, key nodes and areas where the project's sea use conflicts with existing planning are identified. According to the compliance assessment results, elements in the plan that do not meet the requirements of the national land space planning are determined. On this basis, from the perspectives of adjusting the location of the sea use project, changing the sea use method, and optimizing the functional zoning layout, multiple optimized planning schemes are generated. Each scheme must detail the specific adjustments to the sea use type, area, boundaries, and related functional zoning to ensure operability and diversity. Using GIS for spatial analysis, the generated optimized planning schemes are input into the system one by one to simulate the spatial layout effects of the sea area under different schemes, including the distribution of sea use projects, their coordination with functional zoning, and their impact on ecological protection red lines. Through visualization, the spatial pattern after the implementation of each scheme is presented intuitively, observing whether the layout of the sea use project and the surrounding functional zoning is reasonable and meets the requirements of national land space planning. The simulation results of each optimized scheme are compared, and a comprehensive analysis is conducted from the aspects of the rationality of the spatial layout, the degree of compliance with national land space planning, and the impact on the ecological environment to determine the optimal optimized planning scheme. This scheme can minimize conflicts, improve compliance, and simultaneously consider economic benefits and social impacts. S6 specifically includes: The determined optimal planning scheme is broken down. Based on the sea use type, area, and boundary adjustments specified in the scheme, and combined with the actual situation of the marine natural conditions and resource distribution, the specific layout of the project's sea use is replanned. If the scheme requires the project to relocate to a specific sea area, the coordinate range after relocation must be accurately determined. If the sea use method is changed, the facility layout under the new sea use method must be planned, forming a detailed layout plan map and text description. Based on the refined layout plan, the relevant data on the project's sea use is updated in the GIS system, including modifying the vector data of the sea use boundary and adjusting the attribute information of the sea use area. The updated project sea use data is then displayed using the GIS system. High-precision overlay and matching with land and space planning data is performed to check for any minor spatial deviations or remaining conflicts. Through multiple adjustments and verifications, it is ensured that the project's marine use layout is seamlessly integrated with the land and space planning in terms of space, and that all indicators fully meet the planning requirements. Relevant departments are organized to review the adjusted project marine use layout results. The review includes the rationality of the spatial layout, its compatibility with the land and space planning, and its impact on the ecological environment. Necessary modifications and improvements are made based on the review comments. After the review is approved, the implementation materials for the adjustment of the project's marine use layout are prepared, including application reports, planning drawings, technical specifications, etc. Communication and coordination with relevant departments are carried out to handle relevant approval procedures.

[0021] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A big data-based evaluation method for marine land use planning, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Collect multi-dimensional planning data on the current status of sea area use, land spatial planning, marine functional zoning and ecological environment data, and integrate the data through GIS technology to build a sea area use database for the project; S2. Utilize big data visualization tools to overlay and display multi-dimensional planning data, present spatial layout relationships, and identify potential conflict areas; S3. Based on the spatial layout visualization results, use spatial analysis algorithms to identify conflict points between the project's sea use and existing functional zoning and ecological protection red lines, and assess the degree of conflict. S4. In accordance with the requirements of the national land space planning, starting from the spatial use access, sea use mode and protection requirements, quantitatively assess the conformity of the project's sea use change with the national land space planning, and identify potential mismatch issues. S5. Based on the conflict analysis and compliance assessment results, generate multiple optimized planning schemes, analyze the spatial layout effects under different optimized planning schemes, and determine the optimal optimized planning scheme through comparison. S6. Adjust the marine use layout of the project according to the determined optimal optimization plan.

2. The evaluation method for marine land use planning based on big data as described in claim 1, characterized in that: S1 specifically includes: Define the scope of data collection and collect multi-dimensional planning data from various data sources, including the current status of marine area use, territorial spatial planning, marine functional zoning, and ecological environment data. The collected multi-dimensional planning data is preprocessed, including data cleaning, format conversion and missing value imputation, and various types of data are standardized according to unified data standards and specifications. By utilizing GIS technology, pre-processed and standardized multi-dimensional planning data are spatially integrated. Through the spatial overlay and analysis functions of the GIS platform, data on the current status of sea area use, territorial spatial planning, marine functional zoning, and ecological environment are merged to form a comprehensive dataset with spatial attributes. Subsequently, a database of sea area use for projects is constructed in the GIS environment.

3. The method for evaluating marine land use planning based on big data according to claim 1, characterized in that: S2 specifically includes: ArcGIS was selected as the big data visualization tool for marine data display. Tool parameters, including map projection and layer transparency, were configured. Then, pre-processed data on current marine use, land spatial planning, marine functional zoning, and ecological environment were imported. Layer styles, including colors, symbols, and line types, were set to distinguish different types of marine use projects and functional zoning. In ArcGIS, layers are overlaid in a logical order to display multi-dimensional planning data from different sources and of different types. By adjusting the layer order and transparency parameters, an intuitive spatial layout relationship diagram is formed, allowing for a direct observation of the spatial correspondence between the current use of the sea area and the national land space planning and marine functional zoning, as well as the spatial distribution characteristics of ecological and environmental data. Based on the overlay display, the spatial query and buffer analysis functions of ArcGIS are used to identify potential conflict areas between the project's use of the sea and existing functional zoning and ecological protection red lines. Spatial queries are used to find areas where the distance between the boundary of the sea use project and the ecological protection red line is less than a set threshold. Buffer analysis is used to determine the scope of ecologically sensitive areas affected by the sea use project. Then, the identified conflict areas are analyzed in detail to assess the type, degree and scope of the conflict.

4. The method for evaluating marine land use planning based on big data according to claim 1, characterized in that: S3 specifically includes: Based on the spatial layout visualization results, a buffer analysis algorithm is used to create a buffer set based on the project's sea boundary. At the same time, an overlay analysis algorithm is used to overlay the buffers with the existing functional zoning and ecological protection red line layers. Through the spatial query function, the overlapping areas between the buffers and the functional zoning and ecological protection red lines are identified, and the overlapping areas are potential conflict points. For the identified conflict points, a vector analysis algorithm is used to calculate the geometric features of the conflict area's area and shape integrity. At the same time, a weighted superposition analysis algorithm is used to assign corresponding weights to different conflict points and calculate the conflict severity index to comprehensively assess and quantify the severity of the conflict.

5. The method for evaluating marine land use planning based on big data according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation process for the conflict severity index is as follows: Based on all identified conflict points, the weight of each conflict point is determined. Then, a vector analysis algorithm is used to measure and record the area and perimeter of each conflict point. At the same time, the average area and average perimeter of all conflict points are calculated. For each conflict point, calculate the ratio of its area to the average area, and the shape irregularity, where the shape irregularity is obtained by calculating the ratio of the perimeter of each conflict point to the average perimeter, and subtracting the ratio of the perimeter from 1. The contribution value of each conflict point is obtained by multiplying its area ratio, shape irregularity, and weight. Then, the contribution values ​​of all conflict points are added together to obtain the final conflict severity index, which quantifies the severity of the conflict between the project's sea use change and the national land spatial planning.

6. The method for evaluating marine land use planning based on big data according to claim 1, characterized in that: S4 specifically includes: In accordance with the requirements of the national land and space planning, an evaluation indicator system is established from three aspects: spatial use access, sea use mode, and protection requirements. The specific indicators include: spatial use access indicators, sea use mode indicators, and protection requirements indicators. Collect and organize detailed data on the changes in sea use before and after the project, including the location, area, type, method of sea use after the change, as well as information on the protected areas involved; Based on the established evaluation index system, combined with the area of ​​the sea area used by the project, the distance between the sea area used by the project and the nearest ecological protection red line, and the perimeter of the sea area used by the project, and setting the maximum allowable sea area, reference distance and maximum allowable sea perimeter, the compliance score is calculated to quantitatively evaluate the changes in the sea area used by the project, assess the compliance of the changes in the sea area used by the project with the national land space planning, analyze the compliance score and identify potential mismatch problems.

7. The evaluation method for marine land use planning based on big data as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The calculation process for the compliance score is as follows: Calculate the ratio of the sea area used to the maximum permissible sea area, and take its square root to obtain the area normalized value; Calculate the ratio of the distance between the project's sea area and the nearest ecological protection red line to the reference distance, and take its negative exponent to obtain the distance attenuation factor; Calculate the ratio of the sea use perimeter to the maximum permissible sea use perimeter, and subtract this ratio from 1 to obtain the normalized perimeter value; The final compliance score is obtained by multiplying the area normalization value, distance attenuation factor, and perimeter normalization value. By analyzing the components of the compliance score, potential mismatch issues are identified. If the area normalization value is low, it indicates that the sea area used is too large and needs to be reduced. If the distance attenuation factor is low, it indicates that the sea area used by the project is too close to the ecological protection red line and needs to be adjusted. If the perimeter normalization value is low, it indicates that the perimeter of the sea area used is too long and needs to be optimized.

8. The evaluation method for marine land use planning based on big data as described in claim 1, characterized in that: S5 specifically includes: Based on the conflict analysis results, the key nodes and areas where the project's use of the sea conflict with the existing plan are identified. Based on the compliance assessment results, the elements in the plan that do not meet the requirements of the national land space plan are identified. On this basis, from the perspectives of adjusting the location of the sea use project, changing the sea use mode, and optimizing the functional zoning layout, a variety of optimized planning schemes are generated. Using GIS for spatial analysis, the generated multiple optimized planning schemes are input into the system one by one to simulate the spatial layout effect of the sea area under different schemes, including the distribution of sea-use projects, their coordination with functional zoning, and their impact on the ecological protection red line. Through visualization, the spatial pattern after the implementation of each scheme is presented intuitively, and it is observed whether the layout of sea-use projects and surrounding functional zoning is reasonable and meets the requirements of national land space planning. By comparing the simulation results of various optimization schemes, a comprehensive analysis is conducted from the aspects of the rationality of the spatial layout, the degree of conformity with the national land spatial planning, and the impact on the ecological environment, to determine the optimal optimization planning scheme.

9. The method for evaluating marine land use planning based on big data according to claim 1, characterized in that: S6 specifically includes: The determined optimal planning scheme is broken down, and based on the sea use type, area, and boundary adjustment content specified in the scheme, combined with the actual situation of the natural conditions and resource distribution of the sea area, the specific layout of the sea use of the project is replanned. Based on the refined layout plan, the relevant data on the project's sea use will be updated in the GIS system, including modifying the vector data of the sea use boundary and adjusting the attribute information of the sea use area. The updated project sea use data will be overlaid and matched with the land and space planning data with high precision using the GIS system. The revised marine use layout of the project will be reviewed, including the rationality of the spatial layout, its compatibility with the national land use plan, and its impact on the ecological environment. Based on the review comments, the project will be revised and improved. After the review is approved, the implementation materials for the adjustment of the marine use layout will be prepared and the relevant approval procedures will be processed.

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