Double-sided connection system for reversible floor panels

Abstract

The invention relates to a symmetrical connection system which enables double-sided use of a click floor panel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to mechanical connection technology for covering panels, and more particularly to a double-sided mechanical connection system suitable for floor, wall, ceiling panels and other covering or construction applications. Background Technology

[0002] For paneling, especially flooring panels, installation methods have evolved from traditional adhesive, nailing, or clip-on methods to mechanical snap-fit ​​or snap-on methods. Although existing solutions have made significant progress in terms of installation speed, ease of installation and removal, and appearance, most solutions are still primarily designed for single-panel panels and lack truly reversible, double-sided structures.

[0003] Existing technologies typically focus on the decorative effect of the upper surface of the panel, while neglecting the possibility that the panel can be flipped and reused after installation. Even if some products have different finishes on the two sides of the panel, the purpose is usually only for the user to choose one to use during the initial installation, rather than to allow for flipping and updating during subsequent use.

[0004] While existing mechanically connected floor systems offer good connection strength and ease of installation, they have not fully addressed the need for a panel that can function as a surface on both sides, with a connection structure at its opposite edges that allows for mirroring, bidirectional adaptation, and repeated connection.

[0005] Therefore, it is still necessary to provide a new panel connection system to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies in terms of flip-ability, service life, pattern layout flexibility, and ease of replacement and maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a panel for forming a floor, wall, or ceiling covering. Preferably, the panel has a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion on its two opposite long edges, which are geometrically identical but mirror images of each other, and can be made to overlap by rotating 180° about an axis parallel to the long edges and parallel to the surface of the panel.

[0007] In the first embodiment, the connecting portion includes a top lip and a bottom lip, defining a recess between them; the bottom lip includes a laterally protruding base and an upright rib, and forms an undercut structure at its distal end, thereby forming a lower recess below it. By guiding the two connecting portions into each other at a predetermined guide angle and then pivoting them, the rib of one connecting portion can enter the recess of the other connecting portion, while the bottom side of the top lip forms a direct clamping contact with the lower recess of the other, thereby achieving stable locking in at least one direction.

[0008] In the second embodiment, the connecting portion may include an overhanging top lip, a middle lip, a rib, a bottom lip, and corresponding lip grooves, rib grooves, and bottom grooves. By inserting the rib and bottom lip of one connecting portion into the corresponding groove of another connecting portion at a predetermined approach angle, and then continuing to pivot past the middle lip, the two connecting portions can be brought into a final position flush with each other and clamped together, and in a preferred case, they are difficult to disengage without a reverse rotation step.

[0009] In some embodiments, the ribs may be provided with hooks to further improve the pull-out resistance after connection; in other embodiments, the structure may also achieve direct push-fit connection by applying a thrust in a direction approximately perpendicular to the virtual 45° axis, provided that the plate material has sufficient elastic recovery properties.

[0010] This invention also relates to a panel assembly comprising multiple of the aforementioned panels. Utilizing the double-sided structure and symmetrical connection structure of this invention, the panels can be laid out in a conventional manner, or, under appropriate material and structural conditions, in a herringbone or random pattern, thereby improving appearance variability and material utilization.

[0011] Connection operation and main advantages

[0012] When two plates are joined together, the connecting part of one plate can enter the corresponding recess or groove of the other plate at the approach angle or approach angle, and gradually form a clamping and locking effect by the rib, top lip, bottom lip and related recess / groove during the subsequent pivoting process.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, after the connection is completed, the corresponding upper and lower sides of the two connecting parts are flush with each other, and a near-seamless transition can be formed between the first connecting part and the second connecting part, which not only improves the visual effect but also enhances the overall stability after paving.

[0014] The double-sided design allows both sides of each panel to be used as functional surfaces, thus extending its service life; when one side wears out or the user wishes to change the pattern, the panel can be reused by flipping or rotating it.

[0015] If compatible connecting parts are provided on all four sides, in addition to conventional laying, more flexible patterns such as herringbone can be laid. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 In a preferred embodiment, a partial cross-sectional side view of the connecting portion provided along one side of the plate body is shown; the connecting portion includes a recess and two protrusions, namely a top lip and a rib.

[0017] Figure 2 In the preferred embodiment, a partial cross-sectional side view of two connecting parts arranged along opposite sides of the plate is shown; the two connecting parts are mirror images of each other.

[0018] Figure 3 In a preferred embodiment, a partial cross-sectional side view of the connection between two plates is shown; the connection between one plate is set at an angle of approximately 45° relative to the connection between the other plate to initiate the induction action.

[0019] Figure 4 :and Figure 3 Similar, but the connecting part of one plate enters the connecting part of the other plate through a tilting action.

[0020] Figure 5 In the preferred embodiment, a partial cross-sectional side view is shown after the connection between the two plates is snapped together; the two plates form a firm connection and form an interface basically along the virtual 45° line.

[0021] Figure 6 :and Figure 5 Similar, but shows the markings of each component after the connection is complete.

[0022] Figure 7 In a preferred embodiment, a partial cross-sectional side view shows one connector located above another connector, with the rib of one connector located above the rib groove of the other connector.

[0023] Figure 8 In one modified embodiment, a partial cross-sectional side view of the connecting portion provided along one side of the plate body is shown; wherein the rib is provided with additional hook teeth.

[0024] Figure 9 : Figure 8 The structure shown is a partial cross-sectional side view after the two plates are connected; the hooks on the two ribs are meshing with each other.

[0025] Figure 10 In another embodiment, a partial cross-sectional side view of a connecting portion provided along one side of the plate body is shown; the connecting portion has three grooves and four protrusions.

[0026] Figure 11 : Figure 10 The illustrated embodiment shows a partial cross-sectional side view of the two plates when they begin to join at an approach angle of approximately 45°.

[0027] Figure 12 : Figure 10 The illustrated embodiment shows a partial cross-sectional side view of the two plates as they are further introduced.

[0028] Figure 13 : Figure 10 The illustrated embodiment shows a partial cross-sectional side view during further engagement via a tilting action.

[0029] Figure 14 : Figure 10 In the embodiment shown, a partial cross-sectional side view after connection is completed shows all component markings; the two plates form a connection interface basically along the virtual 45° line.

[0030] Figure 15 : Figure 10 The illustrated embodiment shows a partial cross-sectional side view of a connection portion located above another connection portion, with its protrusion correspondingly located above the groove of the other connection portion.

[0031] Figure 16 In the preferred embodiment, the bottom of the plate is shown in a perspective view; connecting parts are provided on all four sides, and the connecting parts on opposite sides are mirror images of each other.

[0032] Figure 17 In the preferred embodiment, the bottom side of the plate is shown in a perspective view; the connecting parts on opposite sides are mirror images of each other, and the other two sides are connected by a known L-shaped cross section and a base that mates with it.

[0033] Figure 18 In the preferred embodiment, a perspective view of the connecting part is provided; the rib has a chamfered side at the end.

[0034] Figure 19 A partial cross-sectional side view of the connection portion with dimensions marked, according to a possible preferred embodiment of the principle of the present invention.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0036] 1. Panel: A basic panel with at least two connecting parts.

[0037] 2a First connecting part: A first side connecting structure having multiple protrusions and recesses / grooves.

[0038] 2b Second connecting part: A second side connecting structure provided with multiple protrusions and recesses / grooves.

[0039] 3. Bottom lip: A protruding part with a lower recess.

[0040] 4. Middle lip: A lip-like structure located between the rib groove and the lip groove.

[0041] 5. Ribs: Protruding parts that mainly provide clamping function in the x-direction.

[0042] 6. Bottom groove: The groove located between the bottom lip and the rib.

[0043] 7. Rib Groove: A groove used to accommodate ribs.

[0044] 8. Lip groove: A groove used to accommodate the bottom lip.

[0045] 9. Lateral protruding base: forming a protruding base on the lower side of the connecting part.

[0046] 10 Top lip: The upper lip-like structure used to block or cover the bottom lip.

[0047] 11. First vertical side of the rib.

[0048] 12. Top lip bottom side.

[0049] 13 Lower recessed portion: The portion that contacts the bottom side of the top lip when the two connecting portions are clamped together.

[0050] 14 Top lip, top side.

[0051] 15. Apex: The tip of the middle lip.

[0052] 16. Second side of the middle lip.

[0053] 17. Groove section: The section located inside the bottom groove.

[0054] 18. Second lateral side of the rib.

[0055] 19. Flat top surface of the rib.

[0056] 20 Second inclined section: Inclined section on the second side of the rib.

[0057] 21. Recessed section: The recessed section on the second side of the rib.

[0058] 22. First lateral side of the middle lip.

[0059] 23 Top surface: The top side of the bottom lip.

[0060] 24. Top surface of the bottom lip.

[0061] 25. Hook teeth.

[0062] 26. Bottom surface of the rib groove.

[0063] 27. Base plate portion: The base plate portion with lip groove or rib groove.

[0064] 28. Second vertical side of the rib.

[0065] 29. Lip segment: The end segment connecting the top and bottom sides of the top lip.

[0066] 30 First inclined section: a chamfered / inclined surface extending from the first vertical side.

[0067] 31. Base: A base used to mate with an L-shaped cross-section.

[0068] 32 L-shaped cross-section: A connection structure used on the side where the above-mentioned connection part is not provided.

[0069] 33. Chamfered side: The chamfered surface on the rib. Detailed Implementation

[0070] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used in this specification, including technical and scientific terms, should be understood as having the meaning commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. For ease of understanding, the following terms are further explained.

[0071] As used in this article, "one," "the," and similar singular expressions include both singular and plural meanings unless explicitly excluded by the context. For example, "a product" can refer to either a single product or multiple products.

[0072] As used herein, the terms “about,” “approximately,” or “basically” when referring to measurable values ​​are intended to cover deviations of up to ±20%, preferably ±10%, more preferably ±5%, further preferably ±1%, or even ±0.1% relative to the value, provided that such deviation applies to the content disclosed herein.

[0073] As used herein, the terms “comprising,” “including,” “covering,” “consisting of,” and related expressions should be understood as open-ended terms in the context of patent drafting, indicating the presence of a component, feature, step, or element described below, but not excluding the presence of other components, features, steps, or elements.

[0074] The use of ordinal numbers such as "first," "second," and "third" in this article is only for distinguishing similar elements and does not necessarily indicate a sequential or chronological relationship, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0075] The range of values ​​represented by endpoints should be understood to include all integers, fractions, and the endpoint values ​​themselves within that range.

[0076] Expressions such as “one or more” or “at least one” should be understood to cover either one of the components, or two or more of the components, or a combination of all the components, such as a bottom lip, a middle lip, a rib, a bottom groove, or a rib groove.

[0077] All references cited in this application are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety; in particular, all references explicitly mentioned herein are incorporated herein in their entirety.

[0078] The terms "one embodiment" or "a particular embodiment" used in this specification mean that the relevant features, structures, or properties are included in at least one embodiment of the invention; such expressions appearing in different locations do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Features in different embodiments can be combined arbitrarily where appropriate.

[0079] A reversible cover panel of the present invention may include: a) a base panel having two functional surfaces, each of which can be used as a cover surface; the base panel is designed to be mirrored on its long edges, and each side is provided with the same connection technology, thereby enabling the panel to be used on both sides and to be flipped. This is a significant difference compared to traditional panels that can only be used in one direction.

[0080] b) One rib and one rib groove. When the ribs in the two connecting parts cross each other and are in a restricted position, the connection becomes tensile and forms a clamp, thereby improving the stability of the connection.

[0081] c) Covering layers can be provided on both sides of the base plate to form a double-sided structure. The covering layers work in conjunction with the top lip to form a near-seamless connection transition during tilting and joining.

[0082] In the first embodiment, as long as the connection is engaged at the correct angle and locked, the connection is unlikely to be accidentally released in any direction, thereby ensuring a strong, tight and reliable connection.

[0083] The double-sided design also gives the panels greater flexibility in pattern arrangement, allowing users to flip or rotate the panels to create a variety of ground patterns or covering effects.

[0084] Overall, this invention provides a more durable, flexible, aesthetically pleasing, and easy-to-install and maintain cover plate system.

[0085] Combination Figures 1 to 15 When describing the preferred embodiment, three directions, x, y, and z, are used for explanation. The x-direction represents the direction in which the first connecting part and the second connecting part move closer or further apart from each other in the horizontal direction; the z-direction represents the direction in which they move closer or further apart from each other in the vertical direction; and the y-direction represents the direction in which they move relative to each other along their length.

[0086] According to a preferred design, the plate 1 is provided with two connecting parts, each connecting part including multiple protrusions and recesses / grooves, which together form a laterally protruding base 9. For example... Figure 1As shown, the connecting portion can be composed of two protrusions and a specific recess. One protrusion is a top lip 10, defined on one side by a top side surface 14 and on the other side by a bottom side surface 12. The other protrusion is a rib 5, defined on one side by a first vertical side surface 11 and a first inclined section 30, and on the other side by a second inclined section 20, a lower recess 13, and a top surface 23, and connected to both sides by a flat top surface 19. The rib recess 7 is defined by the bottom side surface 12 of the top lip and the first vertical side surface 11 of the rib, and connected by a bottom surface 26 and a bottom plate portion 27. Preferably, the bottom plate portion 27 extends approximately along a virtual 45° axis, while the bottom surface 26 is a substantially flat plane in the x-direction.

[0087] like Figure 2 As shown, the plate 1 has connecting portions on at least two opposite sides, and the rib grooves 7 of the two connecting portions open in opposite directions along the z-direction. The gap between the first connecting portion 2a and the plate 1 corresponds to the first side edge, while the gap between the second connecting portion 2b and the plate 1 corresponds to the second side edge.

[0088] In order for the second connecting part 2b to engage with the first connecting part 2a, in the first step, as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the rib 5 of the second connecting portion 2b is aligned with the rib groove 7 of the first connecting portion 2a at a preferred angle of approximately 45°. Preferably, the top side surface of the second connecting portion 2b contacts the lower side surface of the first connecting portion 2a, and the top surface 23 of the rib 5 of the second connecting portion 2b contacts the bottom plate portion 27 of the first connecting portion 2a. The contact between the top side surface 14 and the bottom side surface 12 of the top lip 10 and / or the contact between the top surface 23 and the bottom plate portion 27 is not an absolute necessity for achieving the function, but it helps to make the snap-fit ​​action smoother.

[0089] In the second step, as Figure 4 As shown, the second connecting part 2b further pivots downwards. At this time, the corner formed by the lower recess 13 and the top surface 23 on its rib 5 contacts the lower side surface of the first connecting part 2a, and the corner formed by the first vertical side surface 11 and the first inclined segment 30 on its rib 5 contacts the first vertical side surface 11 of the rib 5 of the first connecting part 2a, and / or the corner formed by the flat top surface 19 and the second inclined segment 20 contacts the bottom surface 26 of the first connecting part 2a. The lip segment 29 of the top lip 10 of the second connecting part 2b moves in an arc around the top surface 23 of the rib 5 of the first connecting part 2a, and is located below the lower recess 13 of the first connecting part 2a when it continues to pivot, as shown. Figure 6 As shown.

[0090] When the connection is closed, such as Figure 6As shown, the first vertical side 11 of the ribs 5 of the first connecting part 2a and the second connecting part 2b contact each other, thereby preventing the two connecting parts from separating in the x-direction. The lower recess 13 of the second connecting part 2b contacts the bottom side 12 of the top lip 10 of the first connecting part 2a, while the bottom side 12 of the top lip 10 of the first connecting part 2a contacts the lower recess 13 of the second connecting part 2b, so both are blocked in the z-direction. The distance between the bottom side 12 and the first vertical side 11 of the two connecting parts is less than the minimum size of the rib 5 clamped between the top lip 10 and the other rib 5, so the connecting parts cannot be pulled apart directly in a direction approximately perpendicular to the virtual 45° axis. The connection can only be released when sufficient outward pushing force is applied to the top lips 10 on both sides of the plate 1 so that the rib 5 can exit the rib groove 7; at this time, the material should be flexible enough not to damage the rib 5.

[0091] If the material is flexible enough, then... Figure 5 As shown, the two connecting parts can also be pressed together in the opposite sense: the rib 5 of the second connecting part 2b is located in front of the opening of the rib groove 7 of the first connecting part 2a, and the rib 5 of the first connecting part 2a is located in front of the opening of the rib groove 7 of the second connecting part 2b. By applying a certain pressure, the two top lips are pushed apart, so that the two connecting parts are engaged with each other.

[0092] In a preferred embodiment, in a static state, the minimum distance between the rib and the top lip is less than the maximum distance between the vertical rib and the distal end of the lateral protruding base, preferably at most 25.0%, more preferably at most 15.0% less; and the lateral protruding base and the top lip are configured to be elastically flexible, such that the minimum distance is greater than the maximum distance. Thus, the plates can be interconnected at angles different from the lead-in angle in certain situations, and even when the plates are parallel to each other, the ribs can be led in by applying sufficient force.

[0093] Preferably, the minimum thickness of the transversely protruding base is 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm, more preferably 1.5 mm to 4.5 mm, even more preferably 2.0 mm to 4.0 mm, even more preferably 2.5 mm to 3.5 mm, and most preferably about 3.0 mm.

[0094] Preferably, the aforementioned minimum distance is at least 0.05 mm smaller than the aforementioned maximum distance, more preferably at least 0.10 mm smaller, more preferably at least 0.15 mm smaller, more preferably at least 0.20 mm smaller, and more preferably at least 0.25 mm smaller.

[0095] Preferably, the minimum distance is at most 1.0 mm smaller than the maximum distance, more preferably at most 0.80 mm smaller, more preferably at most 0.70 mm smaller, more preferably at most 0.60 mm smaller, more preferably at most 0.50 mm smaller, more preferably at most 0.40 mm smaller, and more preferably at most 0.35 mm smaller.

[0096] It should be understood that the above dimensions apply to typical laminate flooring panels with a thickness typically between 6mm and 15mm. For thicker panels, these values ​​can certainly be increased accordingly, but this is not always the case.

[0097] Preferably, the minimum distance is at least 2.0% smaller than the maximum distance, more preferably at least 3.0%, more preferably at least 4.0%, more preferably at least 5.0%, more preferably at least 6.0%, more preferably at least 7.0%, more preferably at least 8.0%, more preferably at least 9.0%, and more preferably at least 10.0%.

[0098] Preferably, the minimum distance is at most 25.0% smaller than the maximum distance, more preferably at most 20.0%, more preferably at most 17.5%, more preferably at most 15.0%, more preferably at most 12.5%, more preferably at most 12.0%, more preferably at most 11.0%, and more preferably at most 10.0%.

[0099] To prevent the two connecting parts from being directly pulled apart under tension along a direction approximately perpendicular to the virtual 45° axis, it can be done as follows: Figure 8 As shown, additional hook teeth 25 are provided on the first upright side 11 of the rib 5. The engagement action can still be performed in the general manner described above, but after engagement, the two hook teeth 25... Figure 9 The parts are interlocked as shown. Thus, the connection can only be released by the reverse of the rotation / disengagement sequence described above.

[0100] When the connection is complete, the two connecting parts are identical in shape, and a virtual dividing line of approximately 45° can be formed between them, such as... Figure 5 As shown.

[0101] According to another preferred embodiment, the plate 1 may also have two connecting portions with protrusions and grooves. For example... Figure 10As shown, these connecting parts are arranged along a virtual 45° axis, including four protrusions: a top lip 10, a middle lip 4, a rib 5, and a bottom lip 3, as well as three grooves: a lip groove 8, a rib groove 7, and a bottom groove 6. The top side surface 14 of the top lip 10 extends flush with the x-direction of the corresponding surface of the plate 1, and its bottom side surface 12 is approximately perpendicular to the virtual 45° axis. The first side surface 22 of the middle lip 4 is approximately parallel to the bottom side surface 12 of the top lip 10, and the two together form the lip groove 8. The middle lip 4 is composed of the first side surface 22 and the second side surface 16. In this embodiment, the tip 15 of the middle lip 4 can be pointed or arc-shaped.

[0102] The second side surface 16, the bottom surface 26, and the first vertical side surface 11 of the rib together form the rib groove 7. The second side surface 16 is approximately perpendicular to the virtual 45° axis, the first vertical side surface 11 is approximately perpendicular to the x-direction, and the bottom surface 26 is approximately perpendicular to the z-direction. The rib 5 can be composed of the first vertical side surface 11, the first inclined section 30, the flat top surface 19, and the second side surface 18. The second side surface 18 can further include the second inclined section 20, the inward section 21, and the second vertical side surface 28. The second side surface 18 and the second vertical side surface 28 can be parallel to each other, and the flat top surface 19 can be parallel to the top side surface 14 in the x-direction. The bottom groove 6 is formed by the inward section 21 of the rib 5, the groove section 17, and the top surface 24 of the bottom lip 3. The bottom lip 3 includes the top surface 24, the top surface 23, and the lower recess 13.

[0103] To engage the second connecting part 2b with the first connecting part 2a, the second connecting part 2b can be positioned at an angle of approximately 45°. For example... Figure 11 As shown, the bottom lip 3 of the second connecting part 2b moves toward the lip groove 8 of the first connecting part 2a; then as... Figure 12 As shown, the bottom lip 3 of the second connecting part 2b continues to be inserted into the lip groove 8 until it contacts the bottom plate 27 of the first connecting part 2a, and / or the groove segment 17 of the second connecting part 2b contacts the tip 15 of the first connecting part 2a.

[0104] Subsequently, the second connecting part 2b continues to tilt and initially pivots around the tip of the top part 15 of the first connecting part 2a, as... Figure 13 As shown. The sharp angle formed by the lower recess 13 and the top surface 23 on the second connecting part 2b contacts the lower side surface of the first connecting part 2a, thereby ensuring that the rib 5 of the second connecting part 2b is correctly guided into the rib groove 7 of the first connecting part 2a. When tilting further... Figure 14In the indicated position, the rib 5 of the second connecting portion 2b gradually assumes the function of a pivot point for pivoting around the tip 15 of the first connecting portion 2a, while the first vertical side 11 of the rib 5 of the first connecting portion 2a and the second connecting portion 2b are in contact with each other. At this time, the lower recess 13 of the first connecting portion 2a contacts the lower side of the second connecting portion 2b, and the lower recess 13 of the second connecting portion 2b contacts the lower side of the first connecting portion 2a; the rib 5 of the first connecting portion 2a is sandwiched between the middle lip 4 of the second connecting portion 2b and its rib 5, and the rib 5 of the second connecting portion 2b is also sandwiched between the middle lip 4 of the first connecting portion 2a and its rib 5.

[0105] exist Figure 14 At the indicated position, the first connecting part 2a and the second connecting part 2b cannot, in principle, be separated without reverse tilting and reverse disengagement. Although a large force can be applied to pull them apart along a direction approximately perpendicular to the virtual 45° axis without damaging the connecting parts, the required external force is significantly higher than that required for normal assembly. Conversely, a pushing method can also be used to achieve engagement: such as... Figure 15 As shown, the rib 5 of the second connecting part 2b is positioned in front of the opening of the rib groove 7 of the first connecting part 2a, while the rib 5 of the first connecting part 2a is positioned in front of the opening of the rib groove 7 of the second connecting part 2b. Then, pressure is applied in a direction approximately perpendicular to the virtual 45° axis, causing the rib 5 of one connecting part to slightly push the middle lip 4 of the other connecting part away from the rib 5, thereby causing the rib 5 to engage in the rib groove 7 of the other. This action requires that the material of the plate 1 has sufficient elastic recovery properties.

[0106] When the material used for plate 1 allows for such Figure 15 When the joint is achieved through a pushing action, as shown, all four sides of the plate can be configured as follows. Figures 1 to 15 The connecting part shown. Figure 16 The diagram shows a plate 1 with connecting parts on all four sides. The advantage of this design is that it can be laid in a conventional manner, and it can also be used for herringbone structures or random pattern structures.

[0107] In addition, such as Figure 18 As shown, the rib 5 of the connecting part can also be provided with a chamfered side 33. This design facilitates the initial lateral tilting of sides that are not engaged by snap-fit ​​but by push-fit, thereby reducing resistance in the top region.

[0108] In cases where material conditions do not allow for the use of the connecting portion described in this patent on all four sides, it can be done as follows: Figure 2 The connection portion is shown only on two opposite sides, while the other two sides use a combination of base 31 and L-shaped cross-section portion 32. This is similar to a common snap-fit ​​connection scheme, such as... Figure 17As shown in the attached figures, the dimensions, proportions, and shapes of the top lip 10, middle lip 4, rib 5, bottom lip 3, lip groove 8, rib groove 7, and bottom groove 6 are preferably as shown; however, the present invention is not limited to the preferred load-bearing dimensions, proportions, number of chamfers or rounded surfaces, and specific shapes shown. For example, the included angle between the top surface 24 and the top surface 23 can be changed; the thickness of the bottom lip 3 can be reduced to increase the thickness of the middle lip 4 by reducing the distance between the bottom side surface 12 of the top lip and the first side surface 22 of the middle lip, thereby improving the strength of the middle lip 4; the corner between the first side surface 22 and the bottom plate 27 can also be designed as a rounded transition to increase strength while maintaining functionality; the end of the top lip 10 can be designed as sharp, flat, or rounded as needed. For example, a flat or rounded end is more suitable when a smoother connection appearance is required, while a sharper end may be more suitable when a more pronounced tactile snap-fit ​​feel is desired. The first vertical side 11 does not need to be strictly vertical; for example, a deviation of about 3° relative to the z-direction can still maintain or even improve functionality. The key is that the proportions and shapes of the parts should be designed so that the two connecting parts cannot be pulled apart in the x-direction after they are snapped together, and preferably not in the z-direction or any other direction, unless the top lip 10 is manipulated or an initial reverse rotation is performed.

[0109] In a preferred embodiment, the maximum horizontal distance between the vertical rib and the distal end of the transversely projecting base is greater than the minimum horizontal distance between the top lip and the rib. The maximum horizontal distance between the first and second points is defined as the distance between a plane passing through the first point and perpendicular to the plate, and a plane passing through the second point and perpendicular to the plate. Thus, without forced coupling, the rib is by definition too large relative to any angular engagement between parallel plates, requiring disassembly to be performed by pivoting while allowing vertical insertion with the aid of component elasticity.

[0110] Preferably, the aforementioned maximum horizontal distance is at least 0.1 mm greater than the aforementioned minimum horizontal distance, more preferably at least 0.2 mm greater, more preferably at least 0.3 mm greater, more preferably at least 0.4 mm greater, and more preferably at least 0.5 mm greater.

[0111] Preferably, the aforementioned maximum horizontal distance is at most 2.0 mm greater than the aforementioned minimum horizontal distance, more preferably at most 1.5 mm greater, more preferably at most 1.0 mm greater, more preferably at most 0.75 mm greater, and more preferably at most 0.6 mm greater.

[0112] It should be understood that the above values ​​apply to typical laminate flooring panels with a thickness typically between 6mm and 15mm. For thicker panels, the above values ​​can certainly be increased accordingly, but this is not necessarily the case.

[0113] Preferably, the aforementioned maximum horizontal distance is at least 2.0% greater than the aforementioned minimum horizontal distance, more preferably at least 3.0%, more preferably at least 4.0%, more preferably at least 5.0%, more preferably at least 6.0%, more preferably at least 7.0%, more preferably at least 8.0%, more preferably at least 9.0%, and more preferably at least 10.0%.

[0114] Preferably, the maximum horizontal distance is at most 25.0% greater than the minimum horizontal distance, more preferably at most 20.0%, more preferably at most 17.5%, more preferably at most 15.0%, more preferably at most 12.5%, more preferably at most 12.0%, more preferably at most 11.0%, and more preferably at most 10.0%.

[0115] Finally, it should be noted that although this article focuses on floor panels as an example, the present invention is not limited to floor panels. In fact, the present invention is applicable to any type of panel, including wall covering panels, ceiling covering panels, wall construction blocks, stage components, and other uses. Its core lies in the connection system between two independent panels.

Claims

1. A panel for forming a floor or wall covering, the panel having an upper side, a lower side, and a thickness, the panel comprising a body having first and second side edges disposed opposite to each other, and third and fourth side edges disposed opposite to each other, wherein, The first and second side edges are respectively provided with a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion, the first and second connecting portions having a substantially constant cross-section over at least 25% of the length of the first and second side edges; wherein, the first connecting portion includes a top lip and a bottom lip, defining a recess between them; wherein, the top lip extends from the first side edge, and the top side surface of the top lip is flush with the upper side surface of the plate, and the bottom side surface of the top lip is inclined downward relative to the upper side surface toward the first side edge; wherein, the bottom lip includes a transversely protruding base, the distance of which the base extends from the first side edge is greater than the distance of which the top lip extends from the first side edge, the bottom lip also includes a vertical rib, and the transversely protruding base forms an undercut structure at the distal end of the lower side surface of the plate, thereby defining a lower recess below the protruding base; wherein, the second connecting portion is connected by a rib that is parallel to the first and second side edges and parallel to the first side edge. The axis of the upper side of the plate is rotated 180° to coincide with the first connecting part; wherein the first and second connecting parts are configured to be clamped together, such that in the clamped connection state, the vertical rib of the first connecting part is fitted into the recess of the second connecting part, and the vertical rib of the second connecting part is fitted into the recess of the first connecting part, the lower side of the first connecting part is flush with the upper side of the second connecting part, the lower side of the second connecting part is flush with the upper side of the first connecting part, the vertical ribs of the first and second connecting parts are in direct clamping contact with each other, and the bottom side of the top lip and the lower recess are in direct clamping contact with each other; and the recess of the first connecting part includes an opening, which is configured to allow the vertical rib of the second connecting part to enter the recess when the second connecting part is introduced toward the first connecting part at a predetermined inlet angle relative to the upper side of the first connecting part.

2. The plate component according to claim 1, wherein, In a static state, the minimum distance between the vertical rib and the top lip is less than the maximum distance between the vertical rib and the distal end of the transverse protruding base; and the transverse protruding base and the top lip are configured to be elastically flexible, such that the minimum distance is greater than the maximum distance.

3. The plate component according to any of the preceding claims, wherein, The top lip includes a blunt or arc-shaped lip segment at its distal end, which connects the top and bottom sides of the top lip.

4. The plate component according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The vertical rib includes a first vertical side facing the plate; and when the first and second connecting portions are clamped together, the first vertical sides of the vertical ribs of the first and second connecting portions are in direct clamping contact with each other.

5. The plate component according to claim 4, wherein, The first vertical side transitions into a first inclined section at the top of the vertical rib, and the first inclined section retracts toward the top and away from the plate.

6. The plate according to claim 4 or 5, wherein, The first upright side includes a hook tooth protruding toward the plate at its top or near.

7. The plate component according to claim 6, wherein, The hook tooth includes a first inclined section that faces the top of the vertical rib and retracts away from the plate.

8. The plate component according to claim 6 or 7, wherein, The hook tooth includes a lower surface extending from the first vertical side, the lower surface being located at the midpoint between the upper side and the lower side of the plate.

9. The plate according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, The lateral protruding base includes a blunt or arc-shaped top surface at its farthest end, which is substantially perpendicular to the upper side surface of the plate.

10. The plate according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, The recess is defined by the bottom side of the top lip, the first vertical side of the vertical rib, a base plate, and a bottom surface; the base plate connects the bottom surface to the bottom side of the top lip, and the bottom surface connects the base plate to the first vertical side of the vertical rib.

11. The plate component according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein, The bottom side of the top lip is recessed relative to the top side of the top lip at the predetermined ingress angle.

12. The plate component according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein, The thickness of the lateral protruding base, excluding the vertical ribs, is at most 5.0 mm.

13. The plate component according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein, The vertical rib includes a blunt-headed, flat, or arc-shaped flat top surface.

14. The plate component according to claim 13, wherein, The vertical rib includes a second inclined section that recedes from the flat top surface toward the distal end of the protruding base, and the angle between the inclined section and the lower side of the plate is between 20° and 70°.

15. The plate member according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein, The maximum thickness of the transversely protruding base, including the vertical rib, is substantially equal to the maximum height of the top lip relative to the recess.

16. The plate component according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein, The maximum horizontal distance between the vertical rib and the distal end of the transverse protruding base is greater than the minimum horizontal distance between the top lip and the vertical rib. The maximum horizontal distance between the first point and the second point is defined as the distance between a plane passing through the first point and perpendicular to the plate and a plane passing through the second point and perpendicular to the plate.

17. The plate according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein, Along an axis extending between the third and fourth side edges, the first upright side forms a chamfered side toward the third and fourth side edges on at least a portion of the axis, such that at the third and fourth side edges, the distance between the first upright side and the top lip is greater than the distance at the center point or central segment between the third and fourth side edges.

18. The plate component according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein, The third and fourth side edges are respectively provided with a third connecting portion and a fourth connecting portion, the third and fourth connecting portions having a substantially constant cross-section over at least 25% of the length of the third and fourth side edges; wherein, the third connecting portion has an L-shaped cross-section, the free end of the base of the L-shaped cross-section being connected to the third side edge, such that the bottom of the base extends flush with the lower side surface of the plate; wherein, the fourth connecting portion has an L-shaped cross-section, the free end of the base of the L-shaped cross-section being connected to the fourth side edge, such that the bottom of the base extends flush with the upper side surface of the plate; and, the third and fourth connecting portions are configured to hook together.

19. The plate according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein, The inlet angle is between 30° and 60°.

20. The plate component according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein, The second connecting part can be connected to the first connecting part. When the second connecting part has an approach angle relative to the first connecting part, the vertical rib of the second connecting part can be inserted into the recess of the first connecting part, so that after the second connecting part is connected to the first connecting part, it can pivot to a position in the recess of the first connecting part. At this position, the lower side of the second connecting part is flush with and adjacent to the upper side of the first connecting part, so that the vertical rib of the second connecting part is completely pivoted into the recess of the first connecting part, and the top lip of the second connecting part is pivoted into the lower recess of the bottom lip of the first connecting part, and the bottom lip of the second connecting part is pivoted below the top lip of the first connecting part, wherein the top lip of the first connecting part abuts against the lower recess of the bottom lip of the second connecting part.

21. A panel for forming a floor or wall covering, the panel having an upper side, a lower side, and a thickness, the panel comprising a body having first and second side edges disposed opposite to each other, wherein, The first and second side edges are respectively provided with a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion, the first and second connecting portions having a substantially constant cross-section over at least 25% of the length of the first and second side edges; wherein, the first connecting portion includes an overhanging top lip, a lip groove, and a transversely protruding base, the transversely protruding base including a middle lip, a rib groove, a rib, a bottom groove, and a bottom lip; wherein, the top side surface of the top lip is flush with the upper side surface of the plate, and the bottom side surface of the top lip is inclined downward relative to the upper side surface toward the first side edge; wherein, the transversely protruding base extends from the first side edge on the lower side surface. The extension distance is greater than the extension distance of the top lip; wherein, the middle lip protrudes obliquely from the transverse protruding base, upward relative to the lower side and away from the first side edge; wherein, the lip groove is defined between the bottom side of the top lip, the transverse protruding base, and the middle lip; wherein, the rib includes a first vertical side facing the plate and protruding upward from the transverse protruding base, the first vertical side may be perpendicular relative to the lower side, or inclined towards the plate, or include a hook tooth protruding towards the first side edge; wherein, the rib groove is defined between the middle lip, the transverse protruding base, and the lower side; Between the base and the first vertical side of the rib; wherein the bottom lip protrudes laterally from the lower side of the laterally protruding base, and the bottom lip includes a lower recess at the lower side of the plate, wherein when the lower side of the bottom lip is flush with and continuously extends the top side of the top lip, the lower recess is configured to continuously fit against the lower side of the top lip; wherein the bottom groove is defined between the rib, the laterally protruding base, and the bottom lip; wherein the second connecting portion coincides with the first connecting portion by rotating 180° about an axis parallel to the first and second side edges and parallel to the upper side of the plate; and the The first and second connecting portions are configured to cooperate with each other such that the lower side of the first connecting portion is flush with the upper side of the second connecting portion, and the lower side of the second connecting portion is flush with the upper side of the first connecting portion, such that the first vertical sides of the ribs of the first and second connecting portions directly clamp or interlock with each other, and such that the uppermost section of the bottom side of the top lip of the first connecting portion clamps and fits into the lower recess of the second connecting portion and abuts against the bottom lip of the second connecting portion, and such that the uppermost section of the bottom side of the top lip of the second connecting portion clamps and fits into the lower recess of the first connecting portion and abuts against the bottom lip of the first connecting portion.

22. The plate component according to claim 21, wherein, The intermediate lip terminates at a top tip, and the bottom groove includes a groove segment that is complementary to the top tip.

23. The plate component according to claim 22, wherein, The tip forms an angle between 60° and 120°.

24. The plate component according to any one of claims 21 to 23, wherein, The bottom side of the top lip forms an inlet angle between 20° and 70° with the top side of the plate; and the lower recess is defined by the lower edge of the bottom lip, the lower edge forming an angle complementary to the inlet angle with the lower side of the plate.

25. The plate component according to claim 24, wherein, The maximum distance between the upper side and the rib is at most 10% lower than the minimum distance between the rib and the plane containing the bottom side of the top lip.

26. The plate component according to claim 25, wherein, The maximum distance between the bottom lip and the bottom groove is at most 10% lower than the maximum distance between the top lip and the lip groove measured along the bottom side of the top lip.

27. The plate member according to any one of claims 21 to 26, wherein, The bottom groove is at least partially recessed toward the plate below the rib, so that the rib is at least partially overhanging the bottom groove.

28. The plate component according to any one of claims 21 to 27, wherein, The rib groove is at least partially recessed below the intermediate lip, so that the intermediate lip is at least partially overhanging the rib groove.

29. The plate member according to any one of claims 21 to 28, wherein, The rib groove includes a minimum lateral dimension, and the rib includes a maximum lateral dimension, both measured along an axis parallel to the upper and lower sides and perpendicular to the first and second side edges; wherein the maximum lateral dimension of the rib is at least equal to the minimum lateral dimension of the rib groove.

30. The plate component according to any one of claims 21 to 29, wherein, The rib includes a generally flat top surface and a second side surface opposite to the plate body, the second side surface including a generally vertical section and an inwardly recessed section located below the vertical section, the inwardly recessed section participating in defining the groove of the rib.

31. The plate component according to any one of claims 21 to 30, wherein, The intermediate lip includes a first side facing the top lip and a second side facing the rib, wherein the first and second sides form an angle between 30° and 60° with the upper side of the plate.

32. The plate component according to any one of claims 21 to 31, wherein, The top lip, the rib, the bottom lip, the lip groove, the middle lip, and the rib groove are configured to allow the second connecting portion to connect with the first connecting portion. When the second connecting portion has an approach angle relative to the first connecting portion, the rib of the second connecting portion can be inserted into the rib groove of the first connecting portion, and the bottom lip of the second connecting portion can be inserted into the lip groove of the first connecting portion. Furthermore, after connecting with the first connecting portion, the second connecting portion can pivot past the middle lip of the first connecting portion to a position where the lower side of the second connecting portion is flush with and adjacent to the upper side of the first connecting portion, thereby allowing the rib of the second connecting portion to fully pivot into the rib groove of the first connecting portion, and causing the top lip of the second connecting portion to pivot below the bottom lip of the first connecting portion, and the bottom lip of the second connecting portion to pivot below the top lip of the first connecting portion. The approach angle is defined as the angle formed between the upper side of the first connecting portion and the lower side of the second connecting portion, and the approach angle is between 120° and 150°.

33. The plate member according to any one of claims 21 to 32, wherein the plate member further comprises third and fourth side edges disposed opposite to each other, The third and fourth side edges are respectively provided with third and fourth connecting portions, the third and fourth connecting portions having a substantially constant cross-section over at least 25% of the length of the third and fourth side edges; wherein, the third connecting portion has an L-shaped cross-section, the free end of the base of the L-shaped cross-section being connected to the third side edge, such that the bottom of the base extends flush with the lower side surface of the plate; wherein, the fourth connecting portion has an L-shaped cross-section, the free end of the base of the L-shaped cross-section being connected to the fourth side edge, such that the bottom of the base extends flush with the upper side surface of the plate; and, the third and fourth connecting portions are configured to hook together.

34. The plate component according to any one of claims 21 to 33, wherein, The bottom lip includes a top surface that is substantially parallel to the lower side of the plate and a blunt, arc-shaped, or flat top surface.

35. A panel assembly comprising a plurality of panels according to any one of claims 21 to 34, wherein, The plurality of plates are configured such that a first plate in the plate group is connected to a second plate, wherein a second connecting portion of the second plate is connectable to a first connecting portion of the first plate. When the second connecting portion of the second plate has an approach angle relative to the first connecting portion of the first plate, the rib of the second connecting portion of the second plate can be inserted into the rib groove of the first connecting portion of the first plate, and simultaneously the bottom lip of the second connecting portion of the second plate can be inserted into the lip groove of the first connecting portion of the first plate. Furthermore, after being connected to the first connecting portion of the first plate, the second connecting portion of the second plate can extend beyond the middle lip of the first connecting portion of the first plate. The part is pivoted to a position where the lower side of the second plate is flush with and adjacent to the upper side of the first plate, thereby causing the rib of the second connecting part of the second plate to fully pivot into the rib groove of the first connecting part of the first plate, and causing the top lip of the second connecting part of the second plate to pivot below the bottom lip of the first connecting part of the first plate, and causing the bottom lip of the second connecting part of the second plate to pivot below the top lip of the first connecting part of the first plate; wherein, the approach angle is defined as the angle formed between the upper side of the first plate and the lower side of the second plate, and the approach angle is between 120° and 150°.

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