Construction methods for complex, natural, multi-shaped translucent landscape stones

Abstract

This invention discloses a construction method for complex, natural, multi-shaped, translucent landscape stones, comprising the following steps: Step 1: making the original mold of the landscape stone; Step 2: constructing the main framework and foundation of the original mold of the landscape stone; Step 3: making a fiberglass negative mold; Step 4: making a light guide tube and installing translucent materials; Step 5: making a cement sculpture of the landscape stone; Step 6: demolding and correcting the cement sculpture of the landscape stone; Step 7: surface treatment of the cement sculpture of the landscape stone. This invention relates to the field of architectural construction methods and can solve the problems of poor casting accuracy, lack of light transmission, low production efficiency, and low industrialization level in existing landscape stone production methods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction methods, and in particular to a construction method for complex, natural, multi-shaped translucent landscape stones. Background Technology

[0002] With the integration and development of architectural art and engineering technology, translucent landscape stones, as a new type of architectural decorative element, not only fulfill structural functions but also possess artistic expression and light and shadow effects. Landscape stones produced using existing technologies differ significantly in form from natural stones, especially complex, naturally shaped stones. The casting precision is poor, they are opaque, and production efficiency and industrialization are low.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need to provide a construction method for complex, natural, multi-shaped, translucent landscape stones that can solve the problems of poor casting accuracy, lack of light transmission, low production efficiency, and low industrialization level in existing landscape stone production methods. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a construction method for complex, natural, multi-shaped, translucent landscape stones, which can solve the problems of poor casting accuracy, lack of light transmission, low production efficiency, and low degree of industrialization in existing landscape stone production methods.

[0005] This invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] A construction method for complex, natural, multi-shaped translucent landscape stones includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Making the original mold for the landscape stone;

[0008] Step 2: Construct the main framework and foundation of the original mold for the landscape stone;

[0009] Step 3: Fiberglass female mold making;

[0010] Step 4: Fabrication of the light guide tube and installation of the light-transmitting material;

[0011] Step 5: Recasting the cement sculpture of the landscape stone;

[0012] Step 6: Demolding and adjusting the cement sculpture of the landscape stone;

[0013] Step 7: Surface treatment of the cement sculpture of the landscape stone.

[0014] In step 1, a natural mountain that matches the desired effect is found, and the original molds for creating and replicating the landscape stones are made.

[0015] The creation and reproduction of the original mold for the landscape stone includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 11: Based on the found natural mountain, conduct a detailed design of the original landscape stone mold, including structural refinement, node refinement, and shape refinement;

[0017] The structural refinement includes structural system detailing, material and specification determination, and component design; the node refinement includes node selection, structural design, and detailed drawing representation; the form refinement includes form refinement, structural adaptation, material and process determination, surface treatment, and installation coordination.

[0018] Step 12: Simulation of the original mold of the landscape stone, including analysis and verification, mechanical calculation, BIM integration, process connection, and construction feasibility. If the simulation is successful, proceed to step 13. If the simulation fails, return to step 11 and redesign.

[0019] Step 13: Based on the simulation results, cut the materials and design the mold.

[0020] In step 13, the materials selected for the original mold of the landscape stone are: silica sol with a SiO2 content of 25-30% and a pH value of 9-10; binder: ethyl silicate hydrolysate; additives: wetting agent and defoamer.

[0021] The method for making the original mold of the landscape stone is as follows: Silica sol: Zircon powder is mixed at a weight ratio of 1:3.2, and 0.03% wetting agent and 0.01% defoamer are added. The viscosity is controlled at 25-30s. Apply silicone: Mix the mold silicone at a ratio of 100:2, apply in layers, each layer is 2-3mm thick, and apply a total of 3-4 layers. Reinforce with gauze: Apply gauze before the last layer of mold silicone has cured.

[0022] Step 2 includes the following sub-steps:

[0023] Step 21: Make the main framework of the original landscape stone mold: use Φ12-20mm threaded steel to weld into a mesh, and reinforce the nodes with angle steel;

[0024] Step 22: Provide auxiliary support for the main frame of the original landscape stone mold: add channel steel or H-beams in the stress concentration areas of the main frame;

[0025] Step 23: Rust prevention treatment for the main frame of the original landscape stone mold: hot-dip galvanize or apply epoxy zinc-rich primer to the surface of the main frame.

[0026] Step 24: Pour the concrete foundation for the original landscape stone mold, and at the same time pre-embed anchor bolts to connect with the upper steel structure.

[0027] Step 3 includes the following sub-steps:

[0028] Step 31: Pre-processing of the original mold;

[0029] Step 32: Mold design and fabrication;

[0030] Step 33: Silicone layer fabrication;

[0031] Step 34: Fabrication of the fiberglass outer shell;

[0032] Step 35: Fiberglass casting;

[0033] Step 36: Demolding and finishing.

[0034] Step 31 includes the following sub-steps:

[0035] Step 311: Thoroughly clean the surface of the original landscape stone mold with acetone and a lint-free cloth to ensure it is free of oil and dust;

[0036] Step 312: Use putty to fill the surface pores and cracks of the original landscape stone mold, let it stand for 30 minutes, and then sand it until the surface is smooth.

[0037] Step 313: Apply release wax evenly to the surface of the original landscape stone mold, let it stand for 20 minutes, and then polish it;

[0038] Step 314: Spray PVA release agent onto the surface of the original stone mold, spraying twice with a 10-minute interval between the two sprays;

[0039] Step 32 includes the following sub-steps:

[0040] Step 321: Observe the original mold structure of the landscape stone and mark the optimal parting line position with a marker pen;

[0041] Step 322: Lay the clay baffle along the parting line and seal the joints with hot melt adhesive;

[0042] Step 33 includes the following sub-steps:

[0043] Step 331: Mix the silicone at a ratio of 100:2, degas under vacuum, and then apply the silicone in layers with a brush. The time interval between applying two adjacent layers of silicone is 40 minutes. Apply a total of 3-4 layers of silicone.

[0044] Step 332: Apply gauze to reinforce the final layer before it cures, forming a silicone layer;

[0045] Step 34 includes the following sub-steps:

[0046] Step 341: Prepare the resin according to the ratio of resin + 1.5% curing agent + 0.8% accelerator;

[0047] Step 342: Lay out chopped strand mat and impregnate it thoroughly with a roller;

[0048] Step 343: Lay 2-3 layers of crisscrossing woven fabric;

[0049] Step 344: Initial curing at room temperature, complete curing in 24 hours;

[0050] Step 35 includes the following sub-steps:

[0051] Step 351: Mix the colored gel coat according to the ratio of gel coat + 1.5% hardener, spray the colored gel coat evenly with a spray gun, and let it stand until it is surface dry;

[0052] Step 352: Lay out chopped strand mat, woven fabric and chopped strand mat in sequence;

[0053] Step 353: Curing at room temperature or in an oven;

[0054] Step 36 includes the following sub-steps:

[0055] Step 361: Insert plastic wedges from the parting line, apply even force to separate the mold parts, and use 0.2MPa compressed air to assist in the demolding of complex parts to complete the demolding of the fiberglass shell;

[0056] Step 362: After demolding, use a jigsaw to remove the flash, and then use sandpaper for rough and fine sanding;

[0057] Step 363: Fill the pores in the fiberglass shell with epoxy putty, and repair the delaminated areas by injecting a resin-acetone mixture.

[0058] Step 4 includes the following sub-steps:

[0059] Step 41: After drilling holes in the fiberglass shell and the original mold of the landscape stone, insert the light-transmitting fiber tube into the original mold of the landscape stone;

[0060] Step 42: Adjust and test the position and angle of the light transmission effect.

[0061] Step 5 includes the following sub-steps:

[0062] Step 51: Pre-treatment of the original landscape stone mold;

[0063] Step 52: Mixing the ingredients;

[0064] Step 53: Layered pouring;

[0065] Step 54: Surface treatment;

[0066] Step 55: Maintenance Control;

[0067] Step 56: Finished product processing.

[0068] Step 51 includes the following sub-steps:

[0069] Step 511: Thoroughly clean the inner surface of the original landscape stone mold to remove oil and dust;

[0070] Step 512: Apply three coats of release agent evenly to the original mold of the landscape stone, with a 30-minute interval between each coat.

[0071] Step 513: After the painting is completed, check the sealing of the joints of the original mold of the landscape stone and repair any areas where there may be leakage.

[0072] Step 514: Install the embedded parts according to the design drawings;

[0073] Step 52 includes the following sub-steps:

[0074] Step 521: Select P·LH low-heat silicate cement from the same batch and mix it according to the ratio of P·LH low-heat silicate cement: graded crushed stone: water = 1:0.4:0.4, while adding polypropylene fiber with a specification of 0.9kg / m³.

[0075] Step 522: When mixing, first add polycarboxylate-based high-performance water-reducing agent and sodium gluconate retarder, and use a forced mixer to mix the ingredients in step 521 for no less than 3 minutes;

[0076] Step 53 includes the following sub-steps:

[0077] Step 531: When starting the pouring, strictly control the thickness of the first layer within 30cm;

[0078] Step 532: The subsequent pouring layer shall be completed before the initial setting of the first layer, with an interval of no more than 1.5 hours, and the joint shall be roughened.

[0079] Step 54 includes the following sub-steps:

[0080] Step 541: Begin surface texture treatment 4-6 hours after pouring;

[0081] For rough textured surfaces, the basic texture is first drawn out, and then a sandblasting machine is used for secondary processing; for fine textured areas, a pre-made silicone mold is used for local imprinting.

[0082] Step 542: Lay fiberglass mesh in time before final setting. The overlap width of the fiberglass mesh should not be less than 10cm, and press the mesh completely into the surface with cement grout.

[0083] Step 56 includes the following sub-steps:

[0084] Step 561: After demolding, conduct a quality inspection to check the surface color difference and flatness; if defects are found, repair them with cement grout of the same mix ratio.

[0085] Step 562: Perform a water-repellent treatment on the surface of the finished product before installation.

[0086] Step 6 includes the following sub-steps:

[0087] Step 61: Measurement and positioning;

[0088] Step 61 includes the following sub-steps:

[0089] Step 611: Install the center line according to the civil engineering construction drawings;

[0090] Step 612: Set permanent control benchmarks at both ends of the construction site, accurately project the center line onto the foundation surface, and pop up a clear installation outline;

[0091] Step 613: Simultaneously verify the position coordinates of all embedded parts, and perform special treatment on embedded parts with deviations exceeding 5mm;

[0092] Step 62: Module installation;

[0093] Step 62 includes the following sub-steps:

[0094] Step 621: After the concrete curing period is over and the strength test is qualified, remove the original mold of the landscape stone and clean the residual mortar on the surface of the light guide tube.

[0095] Step 622: Perform module hoisting;

[0096] Step 623: Following the installation sequence of main body first and then parts, select the mountain body that matches the original model position of the landscape stone for precise splicing. After the module is in place, fix it with temporary support immediately and check and correct it.

[0097] Step 63: Steel structure welding construction;

[0098] Step 63 includes the following sub-steps:

[0099] Step 631: The steel structure joint is pre-machined to create a 60°±5° V-shaped bevel;

[0100] Step 632: Perform multi-layer, multi-pass welding using CO2 gas shielded welding process;

[0101] Step 633: Within 24 hours after welding, apply epoxy zinc-rich anti-rust paint to the weld and heat-affected zone for corrosion protection.

[0102] Step 64: Fine treatment of seams;

[0103] Step 64 includes the following sub-steps:

[0104] Step 641: Cut a V-shaped groove with a depth of 30mm and an angle of 45° at the joint, fill it with anti-shrinkage epoxy cement mortar in layers, with each layer not exceeding 10mm in thickness, and compact it.

[0105] Step 642: After the mortar has initially set, use the original sculpting texture mold to perform surface imprinting treatment;

[0106] Step 643: After 72 hours of curing, professional color matching will be performed to ensure that the seams blend perfectly with the original sculpture;

[0107] Step 65: System debugging;

[0108] Implement tiered debugging: first conduct functional testing of individual lights, then carry out group scenario debugging, and finally complete the integrated debugging of the entire system.

[0109] Step 7 includes the following sub-steps:

[0110] Step 71: Surface preparation process;

[0111] Step 71 includes the following sub-steps:

[0112] Step 711: Use a 0.6MPa high-pressure water gun with a neutral cleaning agent to thoroughly rinse the surface of the cement sculpture, focusing on removing release agent residue and cement laitance;

[0113] Step 712: After the surface has dried naturally for 24 hours, use an electric sander with sandpaper to sand the entire surface, and repair any local depressions with epoxy putty.

[0114] Step 713: Remove surface dust to ensure the base surface of the cement sculpture meets the Sa2.5 cleaning standard;

[0115] Step 72: Primer spraying;

[0116] High-penetration epoxy primer was selected and applied using airless spraying equipment at a pressure of 0.5MPa. The spray gun was kept 40cm away from the base surface of the cement sculpture and sprayed evenly using a cross-spraying method with a 50% overlap rate. The dry film thickness was controlled within the range of 60-80μm. After completion, it was cured at 25℃ for 8 hours.

[0117] Step 73: Applying the artistic topcoat;

[0118] Based on the confirmed color card sample, the weather-resistant mineral pigment and acrylic resin were mixed in a ratio of 1:2.5. The mixture was then sprayed in layers using a spray gun under a pressure of 0.3MPa, with a 2-hour interval between each layer. For complex shapes, a No. 00 nylon pen was used for fine color correction.

[0119] Step 74: Apply a light shield;

[0120] After the topcoat has fully cured for 24 hours, spray a two-component polyurethane topcoat using a progressive spraying method, with secondary spraying for key areas. After the construction is completed, cure for 72 hours under constant temperature and humidity conditions.

[0121] Step 75: Protective treatment;

[0122] Step 75 includes the following sub-steps:

[0123] Step 751: Apply penetrating silane impregnating agent in two applications, with a 6-hour interval between the two applications;

[0124] Step 752: Apply a fluorocarbon protective layer to vulnerable areas;

[0125] Step 753: Apply polyurethane sealant to all joints and remove the protective film after curing.

[0126] Step 76: Finished product maintenance process.

[0127] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0128] This invention employs a composite process of sculpted cement casting and light-guiding materials. By replicating natural mountain formations, it achieves an organic combination of natural rock shapes and light-transmitting functions, meeting the construction requirements for complex, multi-shaped, translucent landscape stones. Compared to existing construction methods, this invention improves casting accuracy, light transmission effect, production efficiency, and industrialization level. It also has significant advantages in node processing, installation accuracy, and industrialization, providing a standardized solution for the construction of irregularly shaped translucent structures. This not only promotes the widespread application of multi-shaped translucent landscape stones but also advances the goal of achieving highly specialized production. Attached Figure Description

[0129] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the construction method for the complex, natural, multi-shaped translucent landscape stone of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0130] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0131] Please see the appendix Figure 1 A construction method for complex, natural, multi-shaped translucent landscape stones includes the following steps:

[0132] Step 1: Making the original mold for the landscape stone.

[0133] Step 1 includes the following sub-steps:

[0134] Specifically, we need to find natural mountains that match the desired effect (complex, natural, and varied mountain shapes) and create and reproduce the original molds for the landscape stones.

[0135] Precise molds are made and then replicated to ensure accurate reproduction of the landscape stones.

[0136] The creation and reproduction of the original mold for the landscape stone includes the following steps:

[0137] Step 11: Based on the natural mountain found, conduct a detailed design of the original landscape stone mold, including structural refinement, node refinement, and shape refinement.

[0138] The structural refinement includes structural system detailing, material and specification determination, and component design; the node refinement includes node selection, structural design, and detailed drawing representation; and the form refinement includes form refinement, structural adaptation, material and process determination, surface treatment, and installation coordination.

[0139] Step 12: Simulation of the original stone mold, including analysis and verification, mechanical calculation, BIM integration, process connection, and construction feasibility. If the simulation passes (i.e., the analysis and verification, mechanical calculation, BIM integration, process connection, and construction feasibility all meet the design requirements), proceed to Step 13. If the simulation fails (i.e., at least one of the analysis and verification, mechanical calculation, BIM integration, process connection, and construction feasibility does not meet the design requirements), return to Step 11 and redo the detailed design.

[0140] Preferably, when conducting in-depth design and simulation of natural mountains, point cloud data of natural mountains (with an accuracy of 0.1mm) is obtained by using three-dimensional laser scanning based on natural morphology digital reconstruction technology, and NURBS surface reconstruction is performed through Geomagic Studio to achieve parametric modeling of natural morphology.

[0141] Step 13: Based on the simulation results, cut the materials and design the mold.

[0142] In step 13, the materials selected for the original mold of the landscape stone are: silica sol with a SiO2 content of 25-30% and a pH value of 9-10; binder: ethyl silicate hydrolysate (enhanced type); additives: wetting agent (preferably JFC); and defoamer.

[0143] The method for making the original mold of the landscape stone is as follows: Silica sol: Zircon powder is mixed at a weight ratio of 1:3.2, and 0.03% wetting agent and 0.01% defoamer are added. The viscosity is controlled at 25-30s (Ford cup 4, 25℃); Apply silicone: Mix the mold silicone at a ratio of 100:2, apply in layers, each layer is 2-3mm thick, and a total of 3-4 layers are applied; Reinforce with gauze: Apply gauze before the last layer of mold silicone has cured to enhance tear resistance.

[0144] Step 2: Construct the main framework and foundation of the original mold for the landscape stone.

[0145] Step 2 includes the following sub-steps:

[0146] Step 21: Making the main framework of the original landscape stone mold: Weld Φ12-20mm threaded steel into a mesh, and reinforce the nodes with angle steel. The welding and reinforcement of the mesh main framework can be carried out according to the simulation. The production process will not be described in detail here.

[0147] Step 22: Provide auxiliary support for the main frame of the original landscape stone mold: Add channel steel or H-beams to the stress concentration areas of the main frame (such as the cantilever arm area) to improve the structural strength of the main frame.

[0148] Step 23: Rust prevention treatment for the main frame of the original landscape stone mold: hot-dip galvanize or apply epoxy zinc-rich primer to the surface of the main frame to avoid cement alkaline corrosion.

[0149] Step 24: Pour the concrete foundation for the original landscape stone mold, and at the same time pre-embed anchor bolts to connect with the upper steel structure.

[0150] Step 3: Fiberglass female mold making.

[0151] Step 3 includes the following sub-steps:

[0152] Step 31: Pre-processing of the original mold.

[0153] Step 31 includes the following sub-steps:

[0154] Step 311: Thoroughly clean the surface of the original landscape stone mold with acetone and a lint-free cloth to ensure it is free of oil and dust.

[0155] Step 312: Use putty to fill the surface pores and cracks of the original landscape stone mold, let it stand for 30 minutes, and then sand it with 240 grit sandpaper until the surface is smooth.

[0156] Step 313: Apply No. 8 release wax evenly to the surface of the original landscape stone mold, let it stand for 20 minutes, and then polish it.

[0157] Step 314: Spray a 1:5 diluted PVA release agent onto the surface of the original stone mold, in two applications, with a 10-minute interval between the two applications.

[0158] Step 32: Mold design and production.

[0159] Step 32 includes the following sub-steps:

[0160] Step 321: Observe the original mold structure of the landscape stone and mark the optimal parting line position with a marker pen.

[0161] Step 322: Lay a 5cm high clay baffle along the parting line and seal the joint with hot melt adhesive to ensure airtightness.

[0162] Step 33: Silicone layer fabrication.

[0163] Step 33 includes the following sub-steps:

[0164] Step 331: Mix silicone at a ratio of 100:2, degas under vacuum for 3 minutes, then apply silicone in layers with a brush. Each layer should be 2-3 mm thick, with a 40-minute interval between each layer. Apply a total of 3-4 layers of silicone.

[0165] Step 332: Apply gauze to reinforce the final layer before it cures, forming a silicone layer.

[0166] Step 34: Fabrication of the fiberglass outer shell.

[0167] Step 34 includes the following sub-steps:

[0168] Step 341: Mix the resin according to the ratio of resin + 1.5% curing agent + 0.8% accelerator.

[0169] Step 342: Lay out chopped strand mat with a specification of 450g / m² and impregnate it thoroughly with a roller.

[0170] Step 343: Lay 2-3 layers of 300g / m² checkered fabric in a cross pattern.

[0171] Step 344: Curing at room temperature for 4-6 hours will result in initial curing, and full curing will occur in 24 hours.

[0172] Step 35: Fiberglass casting.

[0173] Step 35 includes the following sub-steps:

[0174] Step 351: Mix the colored gel coat with 1.5% hardener, and spray the colored gel coat evenly with a spray gun to a thickness of 0.4-0.6mm. Let it stand for 20 minutes until it is surface dry.

[0175] Step 352: Lay out chopped strand mat with a specification of 300g / m² and a saturation rate of 70%, woven fabric with a specification of 300g / m² (0° / 90° cross), and chopped strand mat with a specification of 450g / m² in sequence.

[0176] Step 353: Curing at room temperature (25℃), with a curing interval of 40 minutes between each layer, or curing in a 60℃ oven. Curing in a 60℃ oven can shorten the curing time to 15 minutes per layer.

[0177] A dual composite mold system is formed by the silicone layer in step 34 and the fiberglass in step 35. The thickness of the silicone layer is preferably 8-10mm, the Shore hardness is A25-30, and it can accurately replicate the 0.2mm texture. The fiberglass layer adopts an orthogonal lay-up process, and its tensile strength is preferably ≥200MPa.

[0178] Step 36: Demolding and finishing.

[0179] Step 36 includes the following sub-steps:

[0180] Step 361: Insert plastic wedges from the parting line, apply even force to separate the mold parts, and use 0.2MPa compressed air to assist in the demolding of complex parts to complete the demolding of the fiberglass shell.

[0181] Step 362: After demolding, use a jigsaw to cut off the flash, rough sand with 80-grit sandpaper, and fine sand with 400-grit wet sandpaper.

[0182] Step 363: Fill the pores in the fiberglass shell with epoxy putty, and repair the delaminated areas by injecting a resin-acetone mixture.

[0183] The key points of step 3 are: strictly control the time nodes of each process, especially the brushing interval and curing time; after each process is completed, the surface quality must be checked, focusing on defects such as bubbles and delamination; wear a gas mask and protective gloves throughout the process, and keep the work area well ventilated; control the ambient temperature at 15-30℃ and the relative humidity at no more than 70%; control the amount of resin mixed to be usable within 30 minutes.

[0184] Step 4: Fabricate the light guide tube and install the light-transmitting material.

[0185] Translucent stone is made by combining concrete with light-guiding materials to achieve a light-transmitting effect. The light-guiding materials are preferably alkali-resistant, anti-aging, and have good light transmission properties, and a protective film is required to effectively protect them. When arranging the light-guiding materials, a scattered distribution, combining materials of varying sizes, is preferred.

[0186] Step 4 includes the following sub-steps:

[0187] Step 41: After drilling holes in the fiberglass shell and the original mold of the landscape stone with an electric drill, insert the light-transmitting fiber tube into the original mold of the landscape stone to ensure that light can pass through the interior of the landscape stone.

[0188] The selection and installation of the light-transmitting fiber optic tube can be adapted to the actual light transmission requirements to ensure that the light transmission effect meets the design requirements.

[0189] Step 42: Adjust and test the light transmission effect.

[0190] Specifically, the position and angle of the light transmission effect are fine-tuned to ensure that the light is evenly distributed and achieves the expected visual effect.

[0191] Preferably, matrix positioning of the light guide tube can improve the positioning accuracy of the light guide tube (±1.5mm), control the tilt angle error of the light guide tube within the range of ±0.5°, and the fiber arrangement density is preferably 16-25 fibers / dm².

[0192] Step 5: Recasting the cement sculpture of the landscape stone.

[0193] To achieve the final decorative effect, even without a light source, the surface finish requires high quality. This necessitates consistent color and uniform particle size in the aggregate selection, and the use of the same batch of sculpting-specific cement. The cement mortar should be mixed to the correct proportions and evenly applied to the mold, with a thickness of at least 2cm, and proper embedding of the necessary components should be ensured.

[0194] Step 5 includes the following sub-steps:

[0195] Step 51: Pre-treatment of the original landscape stone mold.

[0196] Step 51 includes the following sub-steps:

[0197] Step 511: Thoroughly clean the inner surface of the original landscape stone mold, using a special cleaning agent to remove oil and dust, ensuring that the surface of the original landscape stone mold is clean and free of impurities.

[0198] Step 512: Use a brush to evenly apply three coats of release agent to the original mold of the landscape stone, with a 30-minute interval between each coat. Pay special attention to the quality of the coating on the corners and edges.

[0199] Step 513: After the painting is completed, carefully check the sealing of the joints of the original mold of the landscape stone, and repair any areas where there may be leakage.

[0200] Step 514: Install the embedded parts precisely according to the design drawings, and use special positioning tools to ensure that the installation position deviation of the embedded parts does not exceed 3mm.

[0201] Step 52: Mixing the ingredients.

[0202] Step 52 includes the following sub-steps:

[0203] Step 521: Select P·LH low-heat silicate cement from the same batch to ensure color consistency; mix the materials according to the ratio of P·LH low-heat silicate cement: graded crushed stone (5-20mm): water = 1:0.4:0.4, and add polypropylene fiber with a specification of 0.9kg / m³ to enhance crack resistance.

[0204] Step 522: During mixing, first add polycarboxylate-based high-performance water-reducing agent and sodium gluconate retarder, and use a forced mixer to mix the ingredients from step 521 for no less than 3 minutes until the ingredients are mixed to a uniform state.

[0205] The mixed ingredients should be used within 1 hour.

[0206] Step 53: Layered pouring.

[0207] Step 53 includes the following sub-steps:

[0208] Step 531: When starting the pouring, strictly control the thickness of the first layer within 30cm. Use a Φ50 immersion vibrator for compaction, with the vibration point spacing not exceeding 40cm. When vibrating, insert the vibrator quickly and withdraw it slowly, controlling the vibration time at each point to 20-30 seconds, until the surface is covered with slurry and no air bubbles emerge.

[0209] Step 532: The subsequent pouring layer must be completed before the initial setting of the first layer, with an interval of no more than 1.5 hours. The joint area must be roughened to ensure a strong bond between layers.

[0210] During construction in high-temperature seasons (above 35℃), cooling water pipes need to be pre-embedded for every 50cm of pouring height; during low-temperature seasons (below 5℃), electric heating blankets need to be laid for insulation to keep the temperature difference between inside and outside not exceeding 20℃.

[0211] Step 54: Surface treatment.

[0212] Step 54 includes the following sub-steps:

[0213] Step 541: Surface texture treatment begins 4-6 hours after pouring (initial setting stage).

[0214] Specifically, for rough textured surfaces, the basic texture is first drawn out with steel nails, and then a secondary treatment is carried out with a sandblasting machine; for fine textured areas, a pre-made silicone mold is used for local imprinting, with the pressure controlled at around 0.2 MPa.

[0215] Step 542: Lay a 160g / m² fiberglass mesh in time before final setting. The overlap width of the fiberglass mesh should not be less than 10cm, and press the mesh completely into the surface with cement grout.

[0216] Step 55: Maintenance and control.

[0217] Specifically, immediately after pouring, cover with plastic film for moisture retention and curing. During summer construction, spray water every 2 hours to cool down; during winter construction, keep the electric heating blankets powered on to maintain the temperature. During the curing period, ensure the surface remains continuously moist, and the curing time should not be less than 14 days. When removing the formwork, ensure the concrete strength reaches above 15MPa, and continue moist curing for 7 days after removal.

[0218] Step 56: Finished product processing.

[0219] Step 56 includes the following sub-steps:

[0220] Step 561: After demolding, conduct a quality inspection. Use a colorimeter to check the surface color difference (ΔE≤3.0) and a 2m straightedge to check the flatness (deviation≤3mm). Repair any defects such as air holes using cement grout with the same mix ratio.

[0221] Step 562: Before installation, the surface of the finished product should be treated with a water-repellent coating to improve the durability of the sculpture.

[0222] The key control points for step 5 are:

[0223] ① Material quality control: All raw materials must be tested and qualified before they can be used. Special attention should be paid to the shelf life of cement and the mud content of aggregates.

[0224] ② Construction process control: Strictly control the time nodes of each process, especially the interval time of layered pouring and the duration of curing.

[0225] ③ Environmental control: When the ambient temperature is below 5℃ or above 35℃, special measures must be taken or construction must be suspended.

[0226] After the cement sculpture is cast, take precautions to protect the finished product: special protective measures should be taken during demolding, transportation and installation to avoid bumps and damage.

[0227] Step 6: Demolding and adjusting the cement sculpture of the landscape stone.

[0228] Step 6 includes the following sub-steps:

[0229] Step 61: Measurement and positioning.

[0230] Step 61 includes the following sub-steps:

[0231] Step 611: Based on the civil engineering construction drawings, install the center line using a total station precision positioning device.

[0232] Step 612: Set permanent control benchmarks at both ends of the construction site, accurately project the center line onto the foundation surface, and use a special ink line to pop out a clear installation outline. The positioning error should be strictly controlled within ±3mm.

[0233] Step 613: Simultaneously verify the position coordinates of all embedded parts, and perform special treatment on embedded parts with deviations exceeding 5mm.

[0234] Step 62: Module installation.

[0235] Step 62 includes the following sub-steps:

[0236] Step 621: After the concrete curing period is over and the strength test is qualified, carefully remove the original mold of the landscape stone and use special tools to clean the residual mortar on the surface of the light guide tube.

[0237] Step 622: Use a 25-ton truck crane with nylon slings to lift the module, and set up 4 evenly distributed lifting points to ensure balance and stability during the lifting process.

[0238] Step 623: Following the installation sequence of main body first and then parts, select the mountain body that matches the original model position of the landscape stone for precise splicing. After the module is in place, fix it with temporary support immediately. After verification and correction with a total station, control the installation gap of the module within 10mm.

[0239] Step 63: Steel structure welding construction.

[0240] Step 63 includes the following sub-steps:

[0241] Step 631: The steel structure connection parts are pre-machined to create a V-shaped bevel of 60°±5°.

[0242] Step 632: Implement multi-layer, multi-pass welding using CO2 gas shielded welding process, strictly control the interpass temperature within the range of 120-150℃, and ensure that the weld height is ≥8mm.

[0243] Step 633: Within 24 hours after welding, apply epoxy zinc-rich anti-rust paint to the weld and heat-affected zone for corrosion protection.

[0244] Step 64: Fine treatment of seams.

[0245] Step 64 includes the following sub-steps:

[0246] Step 641: Cut a V-shaped groove with a depth of 30mm and an angle of 45° at the joint, fill it with anti-shrinkage epoxy cement mortar in layers, with each layer not exceeding 10mm in thickness, and compact it with a special tool.

[0247] Step 642: After the mortar has initially set, use the original sculpting texture mold to perform surface imprinting treatment to ensure that the texture is consistent.

[0248] Step 643: After 72 hours of curing, professional color matching will be performed to ensure that the seam area blends perfectly with the original sculpture.

[0249] Step 65: System debugging.

[0250] Preferably, a tiered debugging approach is adopted: first, perform functional testing on individual lights, then conduct group scene debugging, and finally complete the integrated debugging of the entire system.

[0251] Specifically, the key parameters to be adjusted are the illumination angle (error ≤ 1°), color temperature (deviation ≤ 100K), and brightness of the light guide tubes. Scene simulation is carried out in conjunction with fog effect equipment, and no fewer than 10 standard scene modes are developed to ensure that the immersive artistic effect required by the design is achieved.

[0252] The cement sculpture is cast in layers, and the on-site demolding and installation of the cement sculpture adopts modular assembly. The casting units are divided according to the hoisting conditions, and the joints are filled with V-grooves and epoxy mortar to ensure seamless splicing.

[0253] Step 7: Surface treatment of the cement sculpture of the landscape stone.

[0254] Step 7 includes the following sub-steps:

[0255] Step 71: Base surface treatment process.

[0256] Step 71 includes the following sub-steps:

[0257] Step 711: Use a 0.6MPa high-pressure water gun with a neutral cleaning agent to thoroughly rinse the surface of the cement sculpture, focusing on removing release agent residue and cement laitance.

[0258] Step 712: After the surface has dried naturally for 24 hours, use an electric sander with 240-grit sandpaper to sand the entire surface, and repair any local depressions with epoxy putty.

[0259] Step 713: Use a dust removal device to remove surface dust and ensure that the base surface of the cement sculpture meets the Sa2.5 cleaning standard.

[0260] Step 72: Primer spraying.

[0261] Specifically, select a high-penetration epoxy primer, mix it to the appropriate viscosity according to the product instructions, and apply it using an airless spraying device at a pressure of 0.5MPa. Keep the spray gun 40cm away from the base surface of the cement sculpture, and spray it evenly using a cross-spraying method with a 50% overlap rate. Control the dry film thickness within the range of 60-80μm. After completion, cure it at 25℃ for 8 hours.

[0262] Step 73: Apply the artistic topcoat.

[0263] Specifically, based on the confirmed color card sample, weather-resistant mineral pigments and acrylic resin are precisely mixed in a ratio of 1:2.5. The mixture is then sprayed in layers using an HVLP spray gun at a pressure of 0.3MPa, with a 2-hour interval between each coat. Complex shapes are precisely touched up with a No. 00 nylon pen. During the construction process, the ambient temperature and humidity are strictly controlled to ensure that the colors fully meet the design requirements.

[0264] Step 74: Apply a light shield.

[0265] Specifically, after the topcoat has fully cured for 24 hours, spray a two-component polyurethane topcoat, controlling the spraying amount to 150g / m², using a progressive spraying method to ensure a uniform film thickness of 50-70μm, and perform secondary spraying on key areas. After the construction is completed, cure for 72 hours under constant temperature and humidity conditions.

[0266] Step 75: Protective treatment.

[0267] Step 75 includes the following sub-steps:

[0268] Step 751: Apply penetrating silane impregnating agent, with a dosage controlled at 350g / m², in two applications, with a 6-hour interval between the two applications.

[0269] Step 752: Apply a 100μm thick fluorocarbon protective layer to the vulnerable areas.

[0270] Step 753: Apply polyurethane sealant to all joints and remove the protective film after 48 hours of curing.

[0271] Step 76: Finished product maintenance process.

[0272] Specifically, after construction is completed, a regular maintenance system should be established. For the first 7 days, the surface condition should be checked every day, and then inspected once a week. The focus should be on monitoring the integrity of the protective layer and the stability of the color, and a complete maintenance record should be established.

[0273] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for complex, natural, multi-shaped translucent landscape stones, characterized by: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Making the original mold for the landscape stone; Step 2: Construct the main framework and foundation of the original mold for the landscape stone; Step 3: Fiberglass female mold making; Step 4: Fabrication of the light guide tube and installation of the light-transmitting material; Step 5: Recasting the cement sculpture of the landscape stone; Step 6: Demolding and adjusting the cement sculpture of the landscape stone; Step 7: Surface treatment of the cement sculpture of the landscape stone.

2. The construction method of the complex natural multi-shaped translucent landscape stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, a natural mountain that matches the desired effect is found, and the original molds for creating and replicating the landscape stones are made. The production and reproduction of the original mold for the landscape stone includes the following steps: Step 11: Based on the found natural mountain, conduct a detailed design of the original landscape stone mold, including structural refinement, node refinement, and shape refinement; The structural refinement includes structural system detailing, material and specification determination, and component design; the node refinement includes node selection, structural design, and detailed drawing representation; the form refinement includes form refinement, structural adaptation, material and process determination, surface treatment, and installation coordination. Step 12: Simulation of the original mold of the landscape stone, including analysis and verification, mechanical calculation, BIM integration, process connection, and construction feasibility. If the simulation is successful, proceed to step 13. If the simulation fails, return to step 11 and redesign. Step 13: Based on the simulation results, cut the materials and design the mold parting; In step 13, the materials selected for the original mold of the landscape stone are: silica sol with a SiO2 content of 25-30% and a pH value of 9-10; binder: ethyl silicate hydrolysate; additives: wetting agent and defoamer. The method for making the original mold of the landscape stone is as follows: Silica sol: Zircon powder is mixed at a weight ratio of 1:3.2, and 0.03% wetting agent and 0.01% defoamer are added. The viscosity is controlled at 25-30s. Apply silicone: Mix the mold silicone at a ratio of 100:2, apply in layers, each layer is 2-3mm thick, and apply a total of 3-4 layers. Reinforce with gauze: Apply gauze before the last layer of mold silicone has cured.

3. The construction method of the complex natural multi-shaped translucent landscape stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 2 includes the following sub-steps: Step 21: Make the main framework of the original landscape stone mold: use Φ12-20mm threaded steel to weld into a mesh, and reinforce the nodes with angle steel; Step 22: Provide auxiliary support for the main frame of the original landscape stone mold: add channel steel or H-beams in the stress concentration areas of the main frame; Step 23: Rust prevention treatment for the main frame of the original landscape stone mold: hot-dip galvanize or apply epoxy zinc-rich primer to the surface of the main frame. Step 24: Pour the concrete foundation for the original landscape stone mold, and at the same time pre-embed anchor bolts to connect with the upper steel structure.

4. The construction method of the complex natural multi-shaped translucent landscape stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 3 includes the following sub-steps: Step 31: Pre-processing of the original mold; Step 32: Mold design and fabrication; Step 33: Silicone layer fabrication; Step 34: Fabrication of the fiberglass outer shell; Step 35: Fiberglass casting; Step 36: Demolding and finishing.

5. The construction method of complex natural multi-shaped translucent landscape stones according to claim 4, characterized in that: Step 31 includes the following sub-steps: Step 311: Thoroughly clean the surface of the original landscape stone mold with acetone and a lint-free cloth to ensure it is free of oil and dust; Step 312: Use putty to fill the surface pores and cracks of the original landscape stone mold, let it stand for 30 minutes, and then sand it until the surface is smooth. Step 313: Apply release wax evenly to the surface of the original landscape stone mold, let it stand for 20 minutes, and then polish it; Step 314: Spray PVA release agent onto the surface of the original stone mold, spraying twice with a 10-minute interval between the two sprays; Step 32 includes the following sub-steps: Step 321: Observe the original mold structure of the landscape stone and mark the optimal parting line position with a marker pen; Step 322: Lay the clay baffle along the parting line and seal the joints with hot melt adhesive; Step 33 includes the following sub-steps: Step 331: Mix silicone at a ratio of 100:2, degas under vacuum, and then apply the silicone in layers with a brush. The time interval between applying two adjacent layers of silicone is 40 minutes. Apply a total of 3-4 layers of silicone. Step 332: Apply gauze to reinforce the final layer before it cures, forming a silicone layer; Step 34 includes the following sub-steps: Step 341: Prepare the resin according to the ratio of resin + 1.5% curing agent + 0.8% accelerator; Step 342: Lay out chopped strand mat and impregnate it thoroughly with a roller; Step 343: Lay 2-3 layers of crisscrossing woven fabric; Step 344: Initial curing at room temperature, complete curing in 24 hours; Step 35 includes the following sub-steps: Step 351: Mix the colored gel coat according to the ratio of gel coat + 1.5% hardener, spray the colored gel coat evenly with a spray gun, and let it stand until it is surface dry; Step 352: Lay out chopped strand mat, woven fabric and chopped strand mat in sequence; Step 353: Curing at room temperature or in an oven; Step 36 includes the following sub-steps: Step 361: Insert plastic wedges from the parting line, apply even force to separate the mold parts, and use 0.2MPa compressed air to assist in the demolding of complex parts to complete the demolding of the fiberglass shell; Step 362: After demolding, use a jigsaw to remove the flash, and then use sandpaper for rough and fine sanding; Step 363: Fill the pores in the fiberglass shell with epoxy putty, and repair the delaminated areas by injecting a resin-acetone mixture.

6. The construction method of the complex natural multi-shaped translucent landscape stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 4 includes the following sub-steps: Step 41: After drilling holes in the fiberglass shell and the original mold of the landscape stone, insert the light-transmitting fiber tube into the original mold of the landscape stone; Step 42: Adjust and test the position and angle of the light transmission effect.

7. The construction method of the complex natural multi-shaped translucent landscape stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 5 includes the following sub-steps: Step 51: Pre-treatment of the original landscape stone mold; Step 52: Mixing the ingredients; Step 53: Layered pouring; Step 54: Surface treatment; Step 55: Maintenance Control; Step 56: Finished product processing.

8. The construction method of the complex natural multi-shaped translucent landscape stone according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step 51 includes the following sub-steps: Step 511: Thoroughly clean the inner surface of the original landscape stone mold to remove oil and dust; Step 512: Apply three coats of release agent evenly to the original mold of the landscape stone, with a 30-minute interval between each coat. Step 513: After the painting is completed, check the sealing of the joints of the original mold of the landscape stone and repair any areas where there may be leakage. Step 514: Install the embedded parts according to the design drawings; Step 52 includes the following sub-steps: Step 521: Select P·LH low-heat silicate cement from the same batch and mix it according to the ratio of P·LH low-heat silicate cement: graded crushed stone: water = 1:0.4:0.4, while adding polypropylene fiber with a specification of 0.9kg / m³. Step 522: When mixing, first add polycarboxylate-based high-performance water-reducing agent and sodium gluconate retarder, and use a forced mixer to mix the ingredients in step 521 for no less than 3 minutes; Step 53 includes the following sub-steps: Step 531: When starting the pouring, strictly control the thickness of the first layer within 30cm; Step 532: The subsequent pouring layer shall be completed before the initial setting of the first layer, with an interval of no more than 1.5 hours, and the joint shall be roughened. Step 54 includes the following sub-steps: Step 541: Begin surface texture treatment 4-6 hours after pouring; For rough textured surfaces, the basic texture is first drawn out, and then a sandblasting machine is used for secondary processing; for fine textured areas, a pre-made silicone mold is used for local imprinting. Step 542: Lay fiberglass mesh in time before final setting. The overlap width of the fiberglass mesh should not be less than 10cm, and press the mesh completely into the surface with cement grout. Step 56 includes the following sub-steps: Step 561: After demolding, conduct a quality inspection to check the surface color difference and flatness; For any defects found, repair them using cement grout with the same mix ratio; Step 562: Perform a water-repellent treatment on the surface of the finished product before installation.

9. The construction method of the complex natural multi-shaped translucent landscape stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 6 includes the following sub-steps: Step 61: Measurement and positioning; Step 61 includes the following sub-steps: Step 611: Install the center line according to the civil engineering construction drawings; Step 612: Set permanent control benchmarks at both ends of the construction site, accurately project the center line onto the foundation surface, and pop up a clear installation outline; Step 613: Simultaneously verify the position coordinates of all embedded parts, and perform special treatment on embedded parts with deviations exceeding 5mm; Step 62: Module installation; Step 62 It includes the following steps: Step 621: After the concrete curing period is over and the strength test is qualified, remove the original mold of the landscape stone and clean the residual mortar on the surface of the light guide tube. Step 622: Perform module hoisting; Step 623: Following the installation sequence of main body first and then parts, select the mountain body that matches the original model position of the landscape stone for precise splicing. After the module is in place, fix it with temporary support immediately and check and correct it. Step 63: Steel structure welding construction; Step 63 includes the following sub-steps: Step 631: The steel structure joint is pre-machined to create a 60°±5° V-shaped bevel; Step 632: Perform multi-layer, multi-pass welding using CO2 gas shielded welding process; Step 633: Within 24 hours after welding, apply epoxy zinc-rich anti-rust paint to the weld and heat-affected zone for corrosion protection. Step 64: Fine treatment of seams; Step 64 includes the following sub-steps: Step 641: Cut a V-shaped groove with a depth of 30mm and an angle of 45° at the joint, fill it with anti-shrinkage epoxy cement mortar in layers, with each layer not exceeding 10mm in thickness, and compact it. Step 642: After the mortar has initially set, use the original sculpting texture mold to perform surface imprinting treatment; Step 643: After 72 hours of curing, professional color matching will be performed to ensure that the seams blend perfectly with the original sculpture; Step 65: System debugging; Implement tiered debugging: first conduct functional testing of individual lights, then carry out group scenario debugging, and finally complete the integrated debugging of the entire system.

10. The construction method of the complex natural multi-shaped translucent landscape stone according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 7 includes the following sub-steps: Step 71: Surface preparation process; Step 71 includes the following sub-steps: Step 711: Use a 0.6MPa high-pressure water gun with a neutral cleaning agent to thoroughly rinse the surface of the cement sculpture, focusing on removing release agent residue and cement laitance; Step 712: After the surface has dried naturally for 24 hours, use an electric sander with sandpaper to sand the entire surface, and repair any local depressions with epoxy putty. Step 713: Remove surface dust to ensure the base surface of the cement sculpture meets the Sa2.5 cleaning standard; Step 72: Primer spraying; High-penetration epoxy primer was selected and applied using airless spraying equipment at a pressure of 0.5MPa. The spray gun was kept 40cm away from the base surface of the cement sculpture and sprayed evenly using a cross-spraying method with a 50% overlap rate. The dry film thickness was controlled within the range of 60-80μm. After completion, it was cured at 25℃ for 8 hours. Step 73: Applying the artistic topcoat; Based on the confirmed color card sample, the weather-resistant mineral pigment and acrylic resin were mixed in a ratio of 1:2.

5. The mixture was then sprayed in layers using a spray gun under a pressure of 0.3MPa, with a 2-hour interval between each layer. For complex shapes, a No. 00 nylon pen was used for fine color correction. Step 74: Apply a light shield; After the topcoat has fully cured for 24 hours, spray a two-component polyurethane topcoat using a progressive spraying method, with secondary spraying for key areas. After the construction is completed, cure for 72 hours under constant temperature and humidity conditions. Step 75: Protective treatment; Step 75 includes the following sub-steps: Step 751: Apply penetrating silane impregnating agent in two applications, with a 6-hour interval between the two applications; Step 752: Apply a fluorocarbon protective layer to vulnerable areas; Step 753: Apply polyurethane sealant to all joints and remove the protective film after curing. Step 76: Finished product maintenance process.

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