Temperature-controlled self-driven grouting pumping device and method

Abstract

This invention provides a temperature-controlled self-driven grouting pumping device and method, belonging to the field of deep coal mine gas control and grouting reinforcement technology. It addresses the shortcomings of existing electromechanical driven grouting pumps, such as high explosion-proof risks and poor adaptability to complex deep working conditions. The invention includes a temperature-controlled pumping unit, a temperature difference adjustment unit, and a grout delivery unit. It uses a bidirectional variable-capacity frame with bidirectional temperature memory deformation characteristics as a power source. Two different temperature-controlled driving liquids trigger the frame's periodic large-volume expansion and contraction. Combined with a closed-loop linkage between a high-frequency intelligent control device and a temperature sensor, it can complete continuous cyclic operations of automatic grout suction and high-pressure grouting without additional external power. This invention is inherently safe, has a simple structure, and is easy to control. It is adaptable to operations in confined spaces with high methane levels in deep mines, significantly improving the safety and efficiency of grouting construction in deep coal and gas co-mining scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mine disaster prevention and intelligent surrounding rock control technology, and in particular to a temperature-controlled self-driven grouting pumping device and method. Background Technology

[0002] As coal mining continues to extend deeper, the engineering geological environment becomes increasingly extreme. Deep coal and gas mining faces the complex "three highs" conditions: high ground stress, high ground temperature, and high gas pressure. The dynamic evolution of micro-fractures in the surrounding rock can easily induce major accidents such as gas outbursts and gas surges. Therefore, implementing efficient, in-situ fracture grouting and surrounding rock reinforcement is a key technology to ensure safe production in mines.

[0003] However, existing grouting reinforcement operations face insurmountable bottlenecks. Current mainstream grouting pumping equipment heavily relies on external electromechanical power sources and complex rigid transmission structures. In deep, high-gas environments, traditional electrically driven equipment poses a significant safety hazard due to electrical sparks; simultaneously, its large size and heavy reliance on lengthy external pipelines make it difficult to penetrate deep into confined spaces and winding boreholes in deep rock formations, easily leading to pipeline entanglement or damage, and resulting in large blind spots in operations.

[0004] On the other hand, deep environments contain abundant geothermal resources (local rock temperatures can reach 40℃~60℃ or higher). In traditional mining concepts, high geothermal temperatures are usually regarded as "heat hazards" that urgently need to be addressed, and there are very few technologies that can convert them into in-situ driving energy for downhole operations.

[0005] To break free from the constraints of electromechanical equipment, some studies in recent years have attempted to fabricate self-driven pumps using thermally expandable flexible materials. However, traditional thermally expandable resins or shape memory alloys have extremely small intrinsic thermal strain (typically below 3%~5%), resulting in very low single-pump volume and extrusion head, making them unsuitable for conveying grouting fluids with a certain viscosity.

[0006] In summary, the key technical challenges that urgently need to be addressed in this field are: how to transform "deep geothermal hazards" into "driving energy" and overcome the safety and pipeline constraints of traditional electromechanical grouting pumps; at the same time, to overcome the physical bottlenecks of low deformation rate and easy distortion of traditional thermal response materials, and to develop an intelligent grouting pumping device that can directly utilize changes in ambient temperature to achieve large strain self-drive and has extremely high volumetric pumping efficiency in narrow boreholes.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to study a temperature-controlled self-driven grouting pumping device and method to address the shortcomings of existing technologies and solve or mitigate one or more of the aforementioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the present invention provides a temperature-controlled self-driven grouting pumping device and method, which has the advantages of intrinsic safety, explosion-proof, and strong adaptability in narrow spaces. It can safely and efficiently achieve targeted penetration of micro-fractures in deep, high-gas rock masses, large-volume fluid pumping, in-situ precise sealing, and intelligent reinforcement of surrounding rock.

[0009] On the one hand, the present invention provides a temperature-controlled self-driven grouting pumping device, suitable for deep coal and gas co-mining environments. The temperature-controlled self-driven grouting pumping device includes a temperature-controlled pumping unit, a temperature difference adjustment unit, and a grout conveying unit, wherein; The temperature-controlled pumping unit is used to achieve large strain volume expansion and contraction of inorganic electrodynamics through temperature triggering and to form a closed grouting cavity. The temperature difference adjustment unit is used to provide the temperature medium required for expansion and reduction and to realize channel on / off control. The slurry conveying unit is used to realize the intake and pumping output of slurry; The temperature difference adjustment unit is connected to the hollow channel inside the temperature control pumping unit, and the slurry conveying unit is connected to the sealed grouting chamber of the temperature control pumping unit. The temperature-controlled pumping unit uses a bidirectional variable-capacity skeleton with a bidirectional temperature strain memory effect bonded to a high-strength silicon nitride film to form a closed grouting cavity, so as to realize the breathing-type self-driven grouting with grout absorption when heated and grout discharge when cooled, thereby achieving intrinsically safe explosion-proof grouting in deep underground high-gas environments.

[0010] In addition to the aspects and any possible implementations described above, a further implementation is provided in which the temperature-controlled pumping unit includes a bidirectional variable capacity frame, a hollow channel, a high-strength silicon nitride thin film, and through holes; The hollow channel is formed inside the bidirectional variable capacity skeleton, and the through hole is formed in its upper right corner. The diameter of the through hole and the hollow channel are both one-quarter of the diameter of the bidirectional variable capacity skeleton. The high-strength silicon nitride film is bonded to the outer apex of the bidirectional variable capacitance skeleton and together they form the sealed grouting cavity.

[0011] In addition to the aspects and any possible implementations described above, a further implementation is provided in which the bidirectional variable compressibility framework is a four-pointed convex star-shaped equilateral configuration, composed of a dynamic covalent elastic material with a crosslinking density of less than 20% and a fluorinated liquid with a volume ratio of 15% to 25%. The bidirectional variable-capacity skeleton has a temperature-triggered bidirectional strain memory effect. When heated and stretched at the expansion driving temperature, the strain rate is 100%-200%, and when cooled and contracted at the reduction driving temperature, the strain rate is not less than 98%.

[0012] As described above and in any possible implementation, a further implementation is provided in which the high-strength silicon nitride film is square, and its side length b satisfies the following condition with respect to the side length a of the bidirectional variable capacitance framework: b = a(1 + ηmax sinθ); Where θ is the angle between any side of the bidirectional variable capacitive framework and the high-strength silicon nitride film, and ηmax is the maximum strain rate of any side of the bidirectional variable capacitive framework. By pre-reserving the side lengths, it is ensured that the high-strength silicon nitride film remains sealed and adhered without tearing or detachment under the maximum expansion deformation state of the bidirectional variable capacity skeleton, thus stably forming a closed grouting cavity.

[0013] In addition to the aspects and any possible implementations described above, a further implementation is provided in which the temperature difference regulation unit includes a first high-frequency intelligent control device, an expansion liquid storage device, a reduction liquid storage device, a first transmission channel, a second transmission channel, a third transmission channel, an expansion temperature sensor, and a reduction temperature sensor. The expanded liquid storage device is connected to the first high-frequency intelligent control device through the second transmission channel, the reduced liquid storage device is connected to the first high-frequency intelligent control device through the third transmission channel, and the first high-frequency intelligent control device is connected to the hollow channel of the temperature control pumping unit through the first transmission channel; the height of the expanded liquid storage device and the reduced liquid storage device is higher than the bidirectional variable capacity frame. The expansion temperature sensor and the reduction temperature sensor are arranged on the outside of the high-strength silicon nitride thin film and below the lower edge of the through hole.

[0014] In addition to the aspects and any possible implementations described above, a further implementation is provided, wherein the slurry conveying unit includes a slurry storage tank, a slurry delivery channel, a slurry outlet channel, a second high-frequency intelligent control device, and a third high-frequency intelligent control device; the slurry storage tank is connected to a sealed grouting chamber through the slurry delivery channel, and the slurry outlet channel is connected to the sealed grouting chamber. The first high-frequency intelligent control device, the second high-frequency intelligent control device, and the third high-frequency intelligent control device are used to control the on / off state of the corresponding channels, respectively.

[0015] In accordance with the aspects and any possible implementations described above, a temperature-controlled self-driven grouting method is further provided, based on the aforementioned device, comprising the following steps: S1. Calculate the expansion drive temperature based on the grouting rate requirements; S2. Add driving liquid of the corresponding temperature to the expansion liquid storage device and the reduction liquid storage device respectively; S3. Start the expansion and slurry suction; the bidirectional variable volume skeleton expands under heat and sucks in the slurry. S4. Start the reduction feeding process, and the bidirectional variable volume skeleton is cooled and shrunken to extrude the slurry; Steps S3 and S4 are executed repeatedly to achieve continuous grouting.

[0016] In addition to the aspects and any possible implementations described above, a further implementation is provided, wherein step S1 includes: grouting rate v = ΔV / t, where ΔV is the volume difference before and after expansion of the bidirectional variable volume skeleton, and t is the single pumping time; The volume difference ΔV is positively correlated with the strain rate η and satisfies ΔV=K(1-φ)(T-Tboil)^n+C; Where K, φ, C, and n are known parameters, T is the expansion driving temperature, and Tboil is the atmospheric pressure boiling point temperature of the fluorinated liquid; By combining the volume difference formula, the grouting rate formula, and the high-strength silicon nitride thin film edge length formula, the grouting rate is characterized by the expansion-driven temperature.

[0017] In addition to the aspects and any possible implementations described above, a further implementation is provided, wherein step S3 includes: The first high-frequency intelligent control device activates the second transmission channel and deactivates the third transmission channel; The second high-frequency intelligent control device opens the pulp delivery channel, and the third high-frequency intelligent control device closes the pulp outlet channel. The expansion-driven liquid enters the hollow channel under the action of gravity, causing the bidirectional variable volume skeleton to expand and suck the slurry from the slurry storage tank into the sealed grouting cavity.

[0018] In addition to the aspects and any possible implementations described above, a further implementation is provided in which step S4 includes: The expansion liquid overflows and flows out of the through hole, triggering the expansion temperature sensor, and each intelligent control device switches the channel status. The reducing liquid enters the hollow channel, the bidirectional variable volume skeleton contracts and squeezes the slurry out of the slurry outlet channel; when the reducing liquid overflows, it triggers the reducing temperature sensor, and the device returns to the expansion and slurry suction state, completing one cycle.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve the following technical effects: 1. Intrinsically safe, completely eliminating explosion hazards in deep underground high-gas environments. This device requires no electromechanical moving parts such as motors, hydraulic motors, or electrically controlled pistons. It relies entirely on the temperature memory deformation of the bidirectional variable-capacity frame and gravity flow to drive the liquid pumping and circulation. This eliminates safety risks such as electric sparks, high temperatures from mechanical friction, and electrical circuit explosions at the source. It is perfectly suited for high-risk and restricted working scenarios such as deep coal and gas mining, high ground temperature, high gas content, and high stress, truly achieving inherently safe and explosion-proof underground operations and significantly improving the safety level of mine grouting construction. 2. Unique temperature-controlled high-strain drive significantly improves pumping efficiency and stability. This invention innovatively employs a bidirectional variable-capacity skeleton with a four-pointed, outwardly convex star-shaped equilateral configuration, combined with a specific ratio of fluorinated liquid and a dynamically covalent elastic substrate. This achieves an ultra-large thermal expansion strain rate of 100%-200% and a stable shrinkage recovery rate of ≥98%. Unlike conventional thermal expansion materials with ≤5% micro-deformation defects, this invention features a large single-pump volume, stable stroke output, and significantly superior pumping capacity and grouting pressure compared to existing ordinary heat-driven pumps. It also boasts a long cyclic deformation life and excellent long-term operational consistency. 3. The side length matching size design ensures extremely high sealing reliability and durability. By employing a unique side-length matching formula, b=a(1+ηmax sinθ), the dimensional allowance relationship between the high-strength silicon nitride film and the bidirectional variable-capacity skeleton is precisely defined. This allows for precise allowance of deformation redundancy based on the skeleton's included angle θ and the maximum strain rate ηmax. Regardless of whether the skeleton is in its maximum expansion and stretching state or its fully contracted and reset state, the high-strength silicon nitride film maintains a tight seal, free from wrinkles, tears, detachment, and grout leakage. The pressure in the sealed grouting chamber remains stable throughout the entire process, significantly reducing the probability of seal failure and substantially extending the overall service life of the device. 4. The grouting rate is precisely controllable, adaptable to various working conditions for refined construction. This invention establishes a quantitative mathematical correlation model between expansion-driven temperature, skeleton strain rate, volume change, and grouting rate. By directly controlling the expansion-driven temperature, continuous, precise, and quantitative adjustment of the grouting rate can be achieved. Without the need for complex mechanical speed and flow regulation structures, the grouting flow rate can be precisely matched according to the degree of surrounding rock fracture development and formation permeability characteristics, enabling targeted, controllable, and differentiated grouting reinforcement operations. 5. Gravity-driven closed-loop automatic circulation, requiring no additional auxiliary power. The expansion liquid storage device and the reduction liquid storage device are positioned at a high level, driving the liquid to automatically fill the hollow channel entirely by gravity potential energy. Combined with a closed-loop feedback system formed by expansion temperature sensors, reduction temperature sensors, and three sets of high-frequency intelligent control devices, the device can automatically and alternately complete the "expansion suction - contraction discharge" breathing-style continuous pumping process. No continuous manual intervention is required throughout the entire process, resulting in a high degree of automation, simple and reliable control logic, and an extremely low failure rate. 6. Compact structure and small size, with strong adaptability to complex and confined spaces. The entire device is modularly integrated, without complex transmission systems or external large power units, resulting in a simple and compact structure. It can be manufactured as a miniaturized unit for targeted grouting operations in deep, narrow boreholes, tunnel corners, and fractured rock zones, or multiple units can be connected in parallel to achieve large-volume, batch grouting operations. It is easy to install and deploy, and has excellent site adaptability. 7. It can utilize deep geothermal resources on-site, achieving energy conservation, emission reduction, and green efficiency. This device can directly utilize the natural temperature difference formed by the high geothermal environment in deep mines as its driving energy, eliminating the need for large amounts of external artificial energy such as electricity and hydraulic power, thus significantly reducing energy consumption in underground grouting operations. Simultaneously, with very few moving parts, it experiences minimal wear and tear and requires minimal maintenance, resulting in a significant reduction in overall construction and maintenance costs over the long term. 8. Dual-configuration full coverage, wide protection range, and rich engineering adaptability scenarios. This invention protects two structural forms simultaneously: the star-shaped preferred high-strain embodiment and the rectangular universal cavity embodiment. The star-shaped frame can achieve greater volume variation and higher pumping efficiency; the rectangular structure is easier to process and manufacture, and has stronger installation versatility. It can be flexibly adapted to the actual implementation needs of different mines, different boreholes, and different grouting projects, and has great potential for technology implementation and promotion.

[0020] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the technical effects described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature-controlled self-driven grouting pumping device (front view) according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature-controlled self-driven grouting pumping device (side view) according to an embodiment of the present invention; The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1-Bidirectional variable capacity skeleton, 2-Hollow channel, 3-High-strength silicon nitride film, 4-Through hole, 5-First high-frequency intelligent control device, 6-Expansion liquid storage device, 7-Reduction liquid storage device, 8-First transmission channel, 9-Second transmission channel, 10-Third transmission channel, 11-Expansion temperature sensor, 12-Reduction temperature sensor, 13-Slurry storage tank, 14-Slurry delivery channel, 15-Slurry outlet channel, 16-Second high-frequency intelligent control device, 17-Third high-frequency intelligent control device. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The terminology used in the embodiments of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” as used in the embodiments of this invention and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0026] This invention provides a temperature-controlled self-driven grouting pumping device, suitable for deep coal and gas mining, high ground temperature, high gas content, and confined space operating environments. It comprises three main parts: a temperature-controlled pumping unit, a temperature difference adjustment unit, and a grout delivery unit.

[0027] in: The temperature-controlled pumping unit, as the core actuator, is used to realize temperature-triggered large-strain volume expansion and contraction, provide self-driving pumping power, and form a sealed grouting cavity; The temperature difference regulation unit, as the core of the drive control, is used to provide two temperature media, expansion and reduction, to realize intelligent switching of skeleton deformation. The slurry conveying unit serves as a slurry transport channel, used to complete the entire process of slurry intake, storage, and pumping.

[0028] The temperature difference adjustment unit is connected to the hollow channel 2 inside the temperature control pumping unit through a pipeline, and the slurry conveying unit is connected to the sealed grouting chamber of the temperature control pumping unit through a pipeline. The three work together to achieve self-driven grouting that is motor-free, hydraulic-free, spark-free, intrinsically safe and explosion-proof.

[0029] Specific structure of temperature-controlled pumping unit The temperature-controlled pumping unit is the core actuator of the device, consisting of a bidirectional variable capacity frame 1, a hollow channel 2, a high-strength silicon nitride film 3, and a through hole 4.

[0030] The bidirectional variable capacitance skeleton 1 adopts a four-pointed, outwardly convex star-shaped equilateral symmetrical configuration with an overall centrally radial structure, possessing the ability to uniformly expand and contract and proportionally change volume. The bidirectional variable capacitance skeleton 1 uses a dynamic covalent elastic material with a crosslinking density of less than 20% as the matrix, and internally encapsulates a fluorinated liquid accounting for 15%~25% of its volume. This allows the skeleton to rapidly expand when heated and rapidly contract when cooled, exhibiting a stable temperature-dependent bidirectional strain memory effect. When the ambient temperature reaches the preset expansion driving temperature, the bidirectional variable capacitance skeleton 1 undergoes overall tensile deformation with a strain rate reaching 100%~200%; when the temperature drops to the reduction driving temperature, the skeleton rapidly contracts and resets, with a contraction strain rate not less than 98%, ensuring consistent expansion and contraction strokes and stable pumping volume each time.

[0031] The hollow channel 2 extends along the central axis of the bidirectional variable volume frame 1, allowing the introduction of driving liquids at different temperatures to directly trigger temperature control within the frame. The through-hole 4 is located at the upper right corner of the bidirectional variable volume frame 1 and is connected to the hollow channel 2. The diameter of the through-hole 4 is set to one-quarter of the outer diameter of the bidirectional variable volume frame 1, and the diameter of the hollow channel 2 is also set to one-quarter of the outer diameter of the bidirectional variable volume frame 1, enabling the liquid to flow smoothly, overflow quickly, and trigger the temperature sensor.

[0032] The high-strength silicon nitride film 3 is a square rigid sealing film with equal side length, featuring high strength, deformation resistance, wear resistance, air impermeability, and no grout leakage. The high-strength silicon nitride film 3 and the convex tip of the bidirectional variable capacitance skeleton 1 are sealed and fixed by a high-strength adhesive bonding process, forming a completely sealed grouting cavity between the bidirectional variable capacitance skeleton 1 and the high-strength silicon nitride film 3. This cavity remains sealed throughout the skeleton's expansion and contraction process, preventing grout leakage.

[0033] The side length b of the high-strength silicon nitride thin film 3 and the side length a of the bidirectional variable capacitive framework 1 satisfy the following matching relationship: b = a(1 + ηmax·sinθ) In the formula: a is the original length of any side of the bidirectional variable-capacity skeleton 1; b is the side length of the high-strength silicon nitride thin film 3; θ is the mounting angle between one side of the bidirectional variable capacitance framework 1 and the high-strength silicon nitride thin film 3; - ηmax is the maximum strain rate that can be achieved on one side of the bidirectional variable volume skeleton 1.

[0034] This dimensional matching relationship ensures that the film remains flat and sealed even under maximum stretching, without wrinkles, tears, or detachment.

[0035] Specific structure of temperature difference regulation unit The temperature difference regulation unit is the core of the device's temperature drive and intelligent control, and consists of a first high-frequency intelligent control device 5, an expansion liquid storage device 6, a reduction liquid storage device 7, a first transmission channel 8, a second transmission channel 9, a third transmission channel 10, an expansion temperature sensor 11, and a reduction temperature sensor 12.

[0036] The expansion liquid storage device 6 is a sealed liquid storage container that continuously stores and supplies a constant-temperature liquid that reaches the expansion driving temperature to trigger the expansion of the bidirectional variable-capacity frame 1. The reduction liquid storage device 7 is also a sealed liquid storage container that continuously stores and supplies a constant-temperature liquid that reaches the reduction driving temperature to trigger the contraction and reset of the bidirectional variable-capacity frame 1. The expansion liquid storage device 6 and the reduction liquid storage device 7 are installed at a height slightly higher than the bidirectional variable-capacity frame 1, allowing the internal liquid to automatically flow into the channel under the influence of gravitational potential energy, eliminating the need for an additional pump and further enhancing the intrinsic safety level.

[0037] The second transmission channel 9 is connected at one end to the outlet of the expanded liquid storage device 6 and at the other end to the inlet of the first high-frequency intelligent control device 5; the third transmission channel 10 is connected at one end to the outlet of the reduced liquid storage device 7 and at the other end to the inlet of the first high-frequency intelligent control device 5. The first transmission channel 8 is connected at one end to the outlet of the first high-frequency intelligent control device 5, and at the other end passes through the high-strength silicon nitride film 3 and the bidirectional variable capacity frame 1, and is directly and sealed to the hollow channel 2, so that the temperature-controlled liquid can directly enter the interior of the frame to achieve rapid temperature control.

[0038] The first high-frequency intelligent control device 5 is a high-speed response control valve group, which can receive sensor signals and complete the channel switching within milliseconds. It is used to control the opening and closing of the second transmission channel 9 and the third transmission channel 10 to realize the alternating supply of expansion liquid and reduction liquid.

[0039] The expansion temperature sensor 11 and the reduction temperature sensor 12 are arranged side by side on the outer wall of the high-strength silicon nitride film 3, and their installation position is slightly lower than the lower edge of the through hole 4, ensuring that the liquid overflowing from the hollow channel 2 can contact the sensor probe immediately. The expansion temperature sensor 11 is used to detect the overflow signal of the expansion liquid, and the reduction temperature sensor 12 is used to detect the overflow signal of the reduction liquid. Both are connected to the first high-frequency intelligent control device 5 to form an automatic closed-loop control, which can achieve continuous cyclic drive without manual intervention.

[0040] Specific structure of the slurry conveying unit The slurry conveying unit is the slurry conveying and channel control part of the device, which consists of a slurry storage tank 13, a slurry delivery channel 14, a slurry outlet channel 15, a second high-frequency intelligent control device 16, and a third high-frequency intelligent control device 17.

[0041] The slurry storage tank 13 is an open or sealed slurry storage container used to store grouting materials to be pumped. It can be connected to external slurry supply equipment according to site requirements. The slurry outlet of the slurry storage tank 13 is sealed and connected to one end of the slurry delivery channel 14. The other end of the slurry delivery channel 14 passes through the high-strength silicon nitride film 3 and is connected to the sealed grouting cavity formed by the bidirectional variable displacement skeleton 1 and the high-strength silicon nitride film 3, thus forming a slurry suction passage.

[0042] One end of the grout outlet channel 15 is directly connected to the sealed grouting cavity, and the other end extends to the crack or borehole to be grouted, forming a grout outlet passage.

[0043] The second high-frequency intelligent control device 16 is connected in series and installed in the middle section of the slurry delivery channel 14. It is used to independently control the opening and closing of the slurry delivery channel 14, opening it during the slurry suction stage and closing it during the slurry discharge stage to prevent slurry backflow.

[0044] The third high-frequency intelligent control device 17 is connected in series and installed in the middle section of the slurry outlet channel 15. It is used to independently control the opening and closing of the slurry outlet channel 15, opening it during the slurry outlet stage and closing it during the slurry suction stage to ensure stable pumping pressure.

[0045] The second high-frequency intelligent control device 16 and the third high-frequency intelligent control device 17 are both synchronized with the first high-frequency intelligent control device 5. The three work together to strictly implement the unidirectional pumping logic of opening the inlet and closing the outlet when sucking slurry, and closing the inlet and opening the outlet when discharging slurry, so as to avoid problems such as cross-contamination, backflow, and pressure loss.

[0046] Specific implementation steps of the temperature-controlled self-driven grouting method of the present invention: S1 determines the required expansion driving temperature and reduction driving temperature by calculating material parameters and temperature model based on the target grouting rate, and establishes a quantitative correspondence between grouting rate and driving temperature.

[0047] S2 continuously injects expansion-driving-temperature liquid into expansion-driving liquid storage device 6 and reduction-driving-temperature liquid into reduction-driving-temperature liquid storage device 7 to maintain a stable supply of both liquids.

[0048] Upon receiving the grouting command, S3 activates the first high-frequency intelligent control device 5, which opens the second transmission channel 9 and closes the third transmission channel 10; the second high-frequency intelligent control device 16 opens the grout delivery channel 14; and the third high-frequency intelligent control device 17 closes the grout outlet channel 15. The expanding liquid enters the hollow channel 2 under gravity, causing the bidirectional variable-volume skeleton 1 to expand due to heat. This increases the volume of the sealed grouting cavity, creating a negative pressure that draws the grout from the storage tank 13 into the cavity.

[0049] When the liquid in the hollow channel 2 overflows and flows out from the through hole 4, the expansion temperature sensor 11 is triggered, and the system automatically switches states: the first high-frequency intelligent control device 5 closes the second transmission channel 9 and opens the third transmission channel 10; the second high-frequency intelligent control device 16 closes the slurry delivery channel 14; and the third high-frequency intelligent control device 17 opens the slurry outlet channel 15. The reducing liquid enters the hollow channel 2, and the bidirectional variable volume skeleton 1 cools and contracts, squeezing and sealing the grouting cavity so that the slurry is pumped out under high pressure from the slurry outlet channel 15.

[0050] When the reducing liquid overflows and triggers the reducing temperature sensor 12, the system switches back to state S3. S3 and S4 are executed cyclically to achieve continuous, stable, and self-driven grouting.

[0051] This invention utilizes a temperature-triggered bidirectional variable-capacity framework and a thin film to form a pumping chamber. The expansion of the framework to draw in grout and its contraction to deliver grout are driven by liquid injection into a hollow channel via temperature difference. Sensors detect overflowing liquid, triggering an intelligent control device to switch channel states, achieving cyclic pumping. No external electromechanical power is required, making it suitable for high-gas, confined environments. The key innovation lies in the bidirectional variable-capacity framework employing a star-shaped dynamic covalent elastic material combined with fluorinated liquid to achieve a 100%-200% large strain memory effect. Combined with the thin film size formula and a temperature-volume quantitative model, the grouting rate is precisely controlled, utilizing geothermal temperature difference as an in-situ driving energy source. Example 1:

[0052] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a temperature-controlled self-driven grouting pumping device of the present invention includes a temperature-controlled pumping unit, a temperature difference adjustment unit, and a grout conveying unit. The temperature-controlled pumping unit consists of a bidirectional variable capacitance frame 1, a hollow channel 2, a high-strength silicon nitride film 3, and a through hole 4. The bidirectional variable capacitance frame 1 has a through hole 4 at its upper right corner, and the diameter of the through hole 4 is one-quarter of the diameter of the bidirectional variable capacitance frame. The bidirectional variable capacitance frame 1 has a hollow channel 2 inside, and the diameter of the hollow channel 2 is one-quarter of the diameter of the bidirectional variable capacitance frame 1. The high-strength silicon nitride film 3 is bonded to the outer vertex of the bidirectional variable capacitance frame 1. The temperature difference regulation unit comprises a first high-frequency intelligent control device 5, an expansion liquid storage device 6, a reduction liquid storage device 7, a first transmission channel 8, a second transmission channel 9, a third transmission channel 10, an expansion temperature sensor 11, and a reduction temperature sensor 12. One end of the first transmission channel 8 is connected to the first high-frequency intelligent control device 5, and the other end is connected to the hollow channel 2 through the high-strength silicon nitride film 3 and the bidirectional variable capacity skeleton 1. The expansion liquid storage device 6 is connected to the first high-frequency intelligent control device 5 through the second transmission channel 9. The reduction liquid storage device 7 is connected to the first high-frequency intelligent control device 5 through the third transmission channel 10. The expansion temperature sensor 11 and the reduction temperature sensor 12 are arranged on the outside of the high-strength silicon nitride film 3 and slightly lower than the lower edge of the through hole 4. The slurry conveying unit consists of a slurry storage tank 13, a slurry delivery channel 14, a slurry outlet channel 15, a second high-frequency intelligent control device 16, and a third high-frequency intelligent control device 17. The slurry storage tank 13 is connected to the high-strength silicon nitride film 3 through the slurry delivery channel 14. The slurry outlet channel 15 is connected to the high-strength silicon nitride film 3. The second high-frequency intelligent control device 16 and the third high-frequency intelligent control device 17 are respectively arranged in the middle of the slurry delivery channel 14 and the slurry outlet channel 15.

[0053] The bidirectional capacitive skeleton 1 adopts a four-pointed convex star-shaped equilateral configuration and is composed of a dynamic covalent elastic material with a crosslinking density of less than 20% and a fluorinated liquid accounting for 15% to 25% of the volume of the bidirectional capacitive inclusion. The bidirectional variable-capacity skeleton 1 has a temperature-triggered bidirectional strain memory effect. When the ambient temperature reaches the expansion driving temperature, it undergoes thermal stretching with a strain rate of 100%-200%; when the ambient temperature drops to the reduction driving temperature, it undergoes cooling contraction with a strain rate of not less than 98%. The high-strength silicon nitride film 3 is a square with equal side lengths, and the relationship between its side length and the side length of the bidirectional variable capacitive framework 1 can be expressed as follows: (1) In the above formula, a is the side length of any side of the bidirectional variable capacitive framework 1, b is the side length of the high-strength silicon nitride film 3, θ is the angle between any side of the bidirectional variable capacitive framework 1 and the high-strength silicon nitride film 3, and ƞ max is the maximum strain rate on any side of the bidirectional variable compressive skeleton 1.

[0054] The temperatures of the liquids in the expansion liquid storage device 6 and the reduction liquid storage device 7 are the expansion driving temperature and the reduction driving temperature, respectively. The first high-frequency intelligent control device 5, the second high-frequency intelligent control device 16, and the third high-frequency intelligent control device 17 are used to control whether the flow channel is opened; The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrates a temperature-controlled self-driven grouting pumping device of the present invention, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1. Calculate the expansion drive temperature based on the grouting rate requirements; S11. The grouting rate can be determined by the volume change and time change of the bidirectional variable volume skeleton 1, therefore the grouting rate can be expressed as: (2) In the above formula, v is the grouting rate; ΔV is the volume difference before and after expansion of the bidirectional variable volume skeleton 1; and t is the single pumping time.

[0055] S12. The volume difference before and after expansion of the bidirectional variable-capacity skeleton 1 can be expressed as: (3) In the above formula, ƞ represents the strain rate on any side of the bidirectional variable compressive skeleton 1.

[0056] S13. The relationship between the volume difference before and after expansion of the bidirectional variable capacitance skeleton 1 and the expansion driving temperature is as follows: (4) In the above formula, K, φ, C, and n are all known values ​​that can be obtained through material physics and mechanics tests, and T is the expansion driving temperature. boilThis is the atmospheric boiling point temperature of the fluorinated liquid.

[0057] S14. Combining formulas (1), (2), and (3), the grouting rate can be characterized by the expansion-driven temperature: (5) S2. Add temperature-driven liquid. Continuously add liquid at the expansion-driven temperature (Equation 4) to the expansion liquid storage device 6, and continuously add liquid at the reduction-driven temperature to the reduction liquid storage device 7. The reduction-driven temperature can be expressed as: (6) In the above formula, T rest To restore the driving temperature.

[0058] S3. Expansion and Grouting Start-up. When the grouting command is issued, firstly, the first high-frequency intelligent control device 5 controls the second transmission channel 9 to be open and the third transmission channel 10 to be closed; the second high-frequency intelligent control device 16 controls the grout delivery channel 14 to be open; and the third high-frequency intelligent control device 17 controls the grout outlet channel 15 to be closed. Then, under the action of gravitational potential energy, the liquid in the expansion liquid storage device 6 at the expansion driving temperature enters the hollow channel 2 through the second transmission channel 9, the first high-frequency intelligent control device 5, and the first transmission channel 8. At this time, the bidirectional variable volume skeleton 1 expands after being heated, drawing the grout from the grout storage tank 13 into the sealed cavity composed of the bidirectional variable volume skeleton 1 and the high-strength silicon nitride film 3 through the grout delivery channel 14. S4. Reduction Slurry Feed Start-up. As liquid at the expansion drive temperature fills the hollow channel 2, the liquid flows out from the through hole 4 and comes into contact with the expansion temperature sensor 11. The expansion temperature sensor 11 immediately sends a signal to the first high-frequency intelligent control device 5, the second high-frequency intelligent control device 16, and the third high-frequency intelligent control device 17. Then, the first high-frequency intelligent control device 5 controls the second transmission channel 9 to close and the third transmission channel 10 to open; the second high-frequency intelligent control device 16 controls the slurry feeding channel 14 to close; and the third high-frequency intelligent control device 17 controls the slurry outlet channel 15 to open. Next, liquid at the reduction temperature enters the hollow channel 2 through the third transmission channel 10, the first high-frequency intelligent control device 5, and the first transmission channel 8, causing the double... The variable-capacity skeleton is cooled and contracts, compressing the slurry material formed by the bidirectional variable-capacity skeleton 1 and the high-strength silicon nitride film 3 into a sealed cavity, causing the slurry material to flow out from the slurry outlet channel; finally, as the liquid at the reduction driving temperature fills the hollow channel 2, the liquid flows out from the through hole 4 and comes into contact with the reduction temperature sensor 12. The reduction temperature sensor 12 immediately sends a signal to the first high-frequency intelligent control device 5, the second high-frequency intelligent control device 16 and the third high-frequency intelligent control device 17, causing the first high-frequency intelligent control device 5 to control the second transmission channel 9 to open and the third transmission channel 10 to close, the second high-frequency intelligent control device 16 to control the slurry delivery channel 14 to open, and the third high-frequency intelligent control device 17 to control the slurry outlet channel 15 to close; Repeat the above process to complete the continuous grouting.

[0059] Based on the large strain compliance characteristics of low-crosslinked dynamic covalent elastomers and the three-dimensional proportional scaling characteristics of negative Poisson's ratio topological skeletons, and combined with the temperature field distribution characteristics of deep geothermal environments, this invention proposes an in-situ thermally driven and omnidirectional volumetric variation method for flexible grouting cavities that is free from the constraints of electromechanical power and external pipelines. This forms a biomimetic "breathing" non-powered grouting pumping method suitable for deep complex micro-fracture environments. When used in conjunction with the temperature-controlled self-driven grouting device proposed in this invention, this pumping method has the advantages of in-situ energy conversion (intrinsically safe and explosion-proof) and strong adaptability in narrow spaces. It can safely and efficiently achieve targeted penetration into micro-fractures in deep high-gas rock masses, large-volume fluid pumping, in-situ precise sealing, and intelligent reinforcement of surrounding rock.

[0060] The above provides a detailed description of a temperature-controlled self-driven grouting pumping device and method provided in the embodiments of this application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and its core ideas; furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0061] Certain terms are used in the specification and claims to refer to specific components. Those skilled in the art will understand that hardware manufacturers may use different names to refer to the same component. This specification and claims do not distinguish components based on differences in name, but rather on differences in function. The terms "comprising" and "including" used throughout the specification and claims are open-ended and should be interpreted as "comprising / including but not limited to". "Approximately" means that within an acceptable margin of error, those skilled in the art can solve the technical problem and substantially achieve the technical effect within a certain margin of error. The following descriptions in the specification are preferred embodiments for carrying out this application; however, these descriptions are for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. The scope of protection of this application shall be determined by the appended claims.

[0062] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product or system comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a product or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the product or system that includes said element.

[0063] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0064] The foregoing description illustrates and describes several preferred embodiments of this application. However, as previously stated, it should be understood that this application is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the application concept described herein through the foregoing teachings or techniques or knowledge in related fields. Any modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of this application should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A temperature-controlled self-driven grouting pumping device, suitable for deep-earth coal and gas co-mining environments, characterized in that, The temperature-controlled self-driven grouting pumping device includes a temperature-controlled pumping unit, a temperature difference adjustment unit, and a grout conveying unit, wherein; The temperature-controlled pumping unit is used to achieve large strain volume expansion and contraction of inorganic electrodynamics through temperature triggering and to form a closed grouting cavity. The temperature difference adjustment unit is used to provide the temperature medium required for expansion and reduction and to realize channel on / off control. The slurry conveying unit is used to realize the intake and pumping output of slurry; The temperature difference adjustment unit is connected to the hollow channel inside the temperature control pumping unit, and the slurry conveying unit is connected to the sealed grouting chamber of the temperature control pumping unit. The temperature-controlled pumping unit uses a bidirectional variable-capacity skeleton with a bidirectional temperature strain memory effect bonded to a high-strength silicon nitride film to form a closed grouting cavity, so as to realize the breathing-type self-driven grouting with grout absorption when heated and grout discharge when cooled, thereby achieving intrinsically safe explosion-proof grouting in deep underground high-gas environments.

2. The temperature-controlled self-driven grouting pumping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature-controlled pumping unit includes a bidirectional variable capacity frame, a hollow channel, a high-strength silicon nitride film, and through holes; The hollow channel is formed inside the bidirectional variable capacity skeleton, and the through hole is formed in its upper right corner. The diameter of the through hole and the hollow channel are both one-quarter of the diameter of the bidirectional variable capacity skeleton. The high-strength silicon nitride film is bonded to the outer apex of the bidirectional variable capacitance skeleton and together they form the sealed grouting cavity.

3. The temperature-controlled self-driven grouting pumping device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bidirectional variable compressibility framework is a four-pointed convex star-shaped equilateral configuration, composed of a dynamic covalent elastic material with a crosslinking density of less than 20% and a fluorinated liquid with a volume ratio of 15% to 25%. The bidirectional variable-capacity skeleton has a temperature-triggered bidirectional strain memory effect. When heated and stretched at the expansion driving temperature, the strain rate is 100%-200%, and when cooled and contracted at the reduction driving temperature, the strain rate is not less than 98%.

4. The temperature-controlled self-driven grouting pumping device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The high-strength silicon nitride thin film is square, and its side length b satisfies the following condition with respect to the side length a of the bidirectional variable capacitance framework: b = a(1 + ηmax sinθ); Where θ is the angle between any side of the bidirectional variable capacitive framework and the high-strength silicon nitride film, and ηmax is the maximum strain rate of any side of the bidirectional variable capacitive framework.

5. The temperature-controlled self-driven grouting pumping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature difference regulation unit includes a first high-frequency intelligent control device, an expansion liquid storage device, a reduction liquid storage device, a first transmission channel, a second transmission channel, a third transmission channel, an expansion temperature sensor, and a reduction temperature sensor; The expanded liquid storage device is connected to the first high-frequency intelligent control device through the second transmission channel, the reduced liquid storage device is connected to the first high-frequency intelligent control device through the third transmission channel, and the first high-frequency intelligent control device is connected to the hollow channel of the temperature control pumping unit through the first transmission channel; the height of the expanded liquid storage device and the reduced liquid storage device is higher than the bidirectional variable capacity frame. The expansion temperature sensor and the reduction temperature sensor are arranged on the outside of the high-strength silicon nitride thin film and below the lower edge of the through hole.

6. The temperature-controlled self-driven grouting pumping device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The slurry conveying unit includes a slurry storage tank, a slurry delivery channel, a slurry outlet channel, a second high-frequency intelligent control device, and a third high-frequency intelligent control device; the slurry storage tank is connected to a sealed grouting chamber through the slurry delivery channel, and the slurry outlet channel is connected to the sealed grouting chamber. The first high-frequency intelligent control device, the second high-frequency intelligent control device, and the third high-frequency intelligent control device are used to control the on / off state of the corresponding channels, respectively.

7. A temperature-controlled self-driven grouting method, implemented based on the device described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Calculate the expansion drive temperature based on the grouting rate requirements; S2. Add driving liquid of the corresponding temperature to the expansion liquid storage device and the reduction liquid storage device respectively; S3. Start the expansion and slurry suction; the bidirectional variable volume skeleton expands under heat and sucks in the slurry. S4. Start the reduction feeding process, and the bidirectional variable volume skeleton is cooled and shrunken to extrude the slurry; Steps S3 and S4 are executed repeatedly to achieve continuous grouting.

8. The temperature-controlled self-driven grouting method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: grouting rate v = ΔV / t, where ΔV is the volume difference before and after expansion of the bidirectional variable volume skeleton, and t is the pumping time for a single pumping operation. The volume difference ΔV is positively correlated with the strain rate η and satisfies ΔV=K(1-φ)(T-Tboil)^n+C; Where K, φ, C, and n are known parameters, T is the expansion driving temperature, and Tboil is the atmospheric pressure boiling point temperature of the fluorinated liquid; By combining the volume difference formula, the grouting rate formula, and the high-strength silicon nitride thin film edge length formula, the grouting rate is characterized by the expansion-driven temperature.

9. The temperature-controlled self-driven grouting method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step S3 includes: The first high-frequency intelligent control device activates the second transmission channel and deactivates the third transmission channel; The second high-frequency intelligent control device opens the pulp delivery channel, and the third high-frequency intelligent control device closes the pulp outlet channel. The expansion-driven liquid enters the hollow channel under the action of gravity, causing the bidirectional variable volume skeleton to expand and suck the slurry from the slurry storage tank into the sealed grouting cavity.

10. The temperature-controlled self-driven grouting method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step S4 includes: The expansion liquid overflows and flows out of the through hole, triggering the expansion temperature sensor, and each intelligent control device switches the channel status. The reducing liquid enters the hollow channel, the bidirectional variable volume skeleton contracts and squeezes the slurry out of the slurry outlet channel; when the reducing liquid overflows, it triggers the reducing temperature sensor, and the device returns to the expansion and slurry suction state, completing one cycle.

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