Lightweight mine transparent geological application and management system

Abstract

A lightweight, transparent geological application and management system for mines, belonging to the field of mine management, includes a 3D geological model import and display module, a safety monitoring and early warning module, a reserve management module, and a mine database and report generation module. The 3D geological model import and display module receives 3D geological models constructed using external off-the-shelf modeling software. The safety monitoring and early warning module connects to various mine monitoring equipment to achieve real-time data acquisition, analysis, and early warning. The reserve management module enables dynamic updating and management of mine reserves. The mine database and report generation module integrates historical mine data management and automatic standardized report generation functions. The lightweight design of this invention significantly reduces the barrier to entry and cost: compared to traditional heavy-duty modeling software, it reduces computing resource requirements by more than 50%, while maintaining attribute retention accuracy >99%, ensuring data integrity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mine management, specifically a lightweight mine transparent geology application and management system. Background Technology

[0002] As mining depths increase and mining environments become increasingly complex, traditional mine management and production models face numerous bottlenecks: First, geological information is fragmented, with basic geological, hydrogeological, and engineering geological data scattered across different documents or systems, making it difficult to form a unified visual understanding and resulting in a lack of comprehensive geological data support for mining plan formulation; second, the variety of safety monitoring equipment is complex, and monitoring data is disconnected from geological information, failing to achieve accurate early warning based on geological background, easily leading to safety accidents such as water hazards and rock mass instability; third, reserve management relies heavily on manual statistics and updates, resulting in poor timeliness and difficulty in reflecting dynamic changes in reserves during the mining process, affecting the rational development and utilization of resources; fourth, mine history... The formats and standards of annual exploration and design data are inconsistent and the storage is scattered, resulting in low retrieval and reuse efficiency, and the value of a large amount of historical data has not been fully explored. Fifth, mining enterprises generally lack professional geological engineering technical teams, and have shortcomings in capabilities such as the adaptation and application of 3D geological models, the connection and debugging of monitoring equipment, data integration and analysis, and dynamic model correction. Existing software mostly only provides technical tools without supporting professional technical services, resulting in poor software implementation. Sixth, existing mining software is mostly heavy software, requiring users to have professional modeling capabilities, and has limited ability to efficiently adapt to external modeling results. At the same time, it is difficult to automatically output standardized professional reports based on integrated data, which is not conducive to the routine management of mines.

[0003] Existing mining-related software often focuses on single functional modules, such as standalone 3D geological modeling software, safety monitoring systems, or reserve calculation tools. It lacks integrated design encompassing geological information import and adaptation, safety monitoring, reserve management, historical data management, and professional technical services. For example, software like 3DMine, Surpac, and Datamine primarily provide 3D geological modeling, reserve calculation, and mining design functions, but they are heavy-duty software requiring users to possess professional modeling skills to construct models from raw data such as borehole data. This results in high computational resource consumption, a high barrier to entry, and limited support for lightweight import of pre-built external models, potentially leading to incomplete attribute retention. MapGIS mining management systems emphasize data management and 2D / 3D visualization, but lack sufficient deep spatial correlation analysis between monitoring and early warning systems and geological models, and dynamic reserve updates largely rely on manual intervention. Beijing Longsoft Technology's Transparent Mine System achieves partial geological transparency, monitoring integration, and dynamic model correction, but it primarily targets coal mines and has limited support for efficient lightweight adaptation of external common format models. Furthermore, there is room for improvement in the incremental data synchronization logic between modules and the automatic standardized report generation function based on multi-source data. Furthermore, these software programs mostly only provide the tools themselves and do not fully integrate the technical support services provided by professional geological engineering teams through software interfaces for dynamic model correction and data verification throughout the entire life cycle. As a result, when mining companies lack the professional capabilities, the software implementation and long-term maintenance are not effective.

[0004] Existing software such as 3DMine, Surpac, and Datamine support partial data import compatibility, but they still primarily rely on internal modeling. Users need to rebuild models from raw data such as borehole and exploration data, which consumes a lot of computational resources. Furthermore, when importing external models, there may be issues with attribute loss or incomplete retention. Beijing Longsoft Technology's Transparent Mine System mainly focuses on coal mine geological protection and transparent visualization. Although it has achieved partial monitoring data integration and 3D display, its efficient and lightweight adaptation to external common format models, incremental data synchronization logic between modules based on clear trigger conditions and paths, and the function of automatically generating standardized professional reports based on multi-source data (model attributes + real-time monitoring + historical data) still cannot fully meet the routine and refined management needs of mining enterprises of all mineral types.

[0005] While some transparent mining technologies attempt to integrate multi-source data, they still fall short in areas such as lightweight adaptation to external models, support from professional technical teams, and automated output of standardized reports. Consequently, they cannot fully meet the needs of mining companies for comprehensive, refined management and production.

[0006] Therefore, developing a transparent geological application and management system for mines that can achieve lightweight import of external 3D geological models, support professional geological teams, and automatically output standardized reports based on multi-source data has become the key to solving the current pain points in mine management and production. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides a lightweight mine transparent geology application and management system to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies.

[0008] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A lightweight mine transparent geology application and management system includes a 3D geological model import and display module, a safety monitoring and early warning module, a reserve management module, and a mine database and report generation module; The aforementioned 3D geological model import and display module is used to receive 3D geological models constructed by external off-the-shelf modeling software; The aforementioned safety monitoring and early warning module is used to connect to various monitoring equipment in the mine, enabling real-time collection, analysis, and early warning of monitoring data; The aforementioned reserve management module is used to realize the dynamic updating and management of mine reserves; The aforementioned mine database and report generation module integrates the functions of mine historical data management and automatic generation of standardized reports.

[0009] In the lightweight mine transparent geology application and management system described above, the logical relationship between the 3D geological model import and display modules is as follows: In the formula: --Module for importing and displaying 3D geological models; --Input model file; --Visualization rendering engine. Its inputs include geometric data G, attribute data A, and user interaction parameters Puser, and its output is the current view. This component is responsible for the visualization of the model and responding to user zoom, pan, and rotation operations; --Attribute query function. Based on the user's Spick operation, retrieve and return the corresponding attribute information from the parsed attribute set A; --Measurement and calculation functions. Its inputs include geometric data G, user measurement operations Smeasure, and can be combined with queried attribute information; --The geometric data extracted from the input model; --Attribute data extracted from the input model.

[0010] The lightweight mine transparent geology application and management system described above includes a safety monitoring and early warning module comprising an equipment access unit, a data processing unit, and an early warning unit.

[0011] The above describes a lightweight mine transparent geology application and management system. The device access unit provides a standardized data interface, supporting the access of monitoring devices such as water level gauges, flow meters, ground deformation monitoring devices, air volume monitoring devices, and personnel and equipment positioning devices, enabling real-time transmission and analysis of monitoring data. A team of geological engineers within the supporting professional technical support system participates in the actual operation and debugging of sensor access, ensuring access stability and data accuracy. The display rules for accessed devices in the display module are as follows: In the formula: --Monitoring point import and display module; --The location of the monitoring point is an engineering attribute, where x, y, and z represent three-dimensional coordinates; --Sensor properties; --Real-time monitoring values ​​taken by the sensor at the monitoring points; --The rate of change of monitoring indicators ; --Warning levels are divided into 4 levels; The data processing unit performs spatial correlation and temporal analysis on the monitoring data and geological information imported into the 3D geological model and display module, calculates the rate of change and cumulative change of monitoring indicators, and establishes a mapping relationship between monitoring data and geological risks, using the spatial distribution of geological risks as a reference for disaster risk prevention and control. In the formula: --Geological risk indicators; G--Geological condition factor, which is related to spatial location, is the initial attribute of a geological body and includes lithology, surrounding rock grade, and tectonic development. , , --The weights are determined by geological engineers based on the actual conditions of the mine; The aforementioned early warning unit presets safety thresholds for each monitoring indicator, including cumulative change and rate of change. When the monitoring data exceeds the threshold or the change trend is abnormal, a tiered early warning is automatically triggered, where 1 represents a general early warning, 2 a relatively severe early warning, 3 a critical early warning, and 0 a normal warning. The unit also locates the early warning position in the three-dimensional geological model and pushes the early warning information to relevant management terminals. The expression for this is: In the formula: , , --Cumulative change threshold; , , -- Rate of change classification threshold.

[0012] As described above, in a lightweight mine transparent geology application and management system, the reserve management module automatically connects the calculation results to the display module, and the display rules are as follows: In the formula: --Reserve management information import and display module; , , , , --Parameters for calculating reserve management information.

[0013] The lightweight mine transparent geology application and management system described above includes a reserve management module comprising a reserve calculation unit, a mining progress correlation unit, and a reserve early warning unit.

[0014] The lightweight mine transparent geology application and management system described above includes a reserve calculation unit that uses the ore body model in the 3D geological model import and display module to calculate recoverable and remaining reserves using the geological block method and the kriging method, and generates basic data for reserve calculation. The geological block method reserve calculation formula is as follows: In the formula: --Reserves of a single geological section; --The volume of a single geological block is calculated and read based on the imported three-dimensional geological model; --Ore density, measured value; --Average grade and test value of the ore in this block; Kriging method for estimating reserves: In the formula: --Estimated reserves of the area to be estimated; --The Kriging weights of the i-th known sampling point sum to 1; --The storage-related parameter value of the i-th known sampling point; --The number of sampling points is known; The aforementioned access to mining operation data (location of the mining face, mining volume, and mining time) updates the mining range of the ore body model in real time and synchronously corrects the remaining reserve data. The calculation formula is as follows: In the formula: --Mining volume during a certain period; --Mining time during this period; --The area of ​​the mining face is calculated based on the imported face location data, and its expression is: In the formula: --Initial recoverable reserves, calculated based on the imported 3D model; --Cumulative mining volume is obtained by accessing mining operation data and summarizing the mining volume for each time period; --The remaining recoverable reserves of a mine at a certain moment, adapted according to the type of reserves; The aforementioned reserve early warning unit presets a lower limit threshold for reserves. When the remaining reserves fall below the threshold, an early warning is triggered, reminding management personnel to adjust the mining plan. Simultaneously, it records the dynamic changes in reserves, providing data support for the rational development of resources. Its expression is: In the formula: --Reserve warning status, 1 indicates a triggered warning, 0 indicates a normal status; --Preset lower limit threshold for reserves; In the formula: --The rate of change in reserves over a certain period; --Remaining reserves at the current moment; --Remaining reserves at the previous moment.

[0015] The lightweight mine transparent geology application and management system described above includes a mine database and report generation module comprising a data standardization unit, a data storage unit, a data retrieval unit, and a report generation unit.

[0016] The lightweight mine transparent geology application and management system described above establishes a unified data format specification in its data standardization unit. This supports structured data entry and format conversion for mine survey reports, detailed survey reports, exploration reports, feasibility study reports, preliminary designs, safety facility design reports, drawings, appendices, and other related documents. It also extracts key geological parameters and design indicators from the reports and establishes an index. Furthermore, a team of geological engineers within the supporting professional technical support system participates in the actual database construction process, ensuring the standardization and completeness of data entry. The data storage unit adopts a distributed database architecture to store various standardized historical data, attribute data of imported models, and real-time monitoring data. It establishes a spatial association index between the data and the three-dimensional geological model and realizes hierarchical access control for the data. The data retrieval unit provides multi-condition combination retrieval functions, supports the visualization of retrieval results and the jumping of related models, and realizes rapid comparison between historical data and real-time geological information. The report generation unit, based on the corrected three-dimensional geological model attribute information, real-time monitoring data, and mine historical data database, automatically generates and outputs mine hydrogeological and engineering geological condition analysis reports, reserve management reports, and monitoring reports according to a preset cycle. The report format is standardized and can be directly used for mine management decision-making.

[0017] The advantages of this invention are: 1) Lightweight design significantly reduces the barrier to entry and cost: The lightweight architecture eliminates the need for heavy computational tasks in building 3D geological models. Geological information visualization is achieved by importing external common format models. The software has a memory footprint of <2GB and can run smoothly on ordinary office computers. Compared with traditional heavy modeling software (such as 3DMine and Surpac), it reduces the computational resource requirements by more than 50%, while the attribute retention accuracy is >99%, ensuring data integrity. 2) Integrated professional technical support ensures the software's implementation and efficient operation: By integrating with a professional geological engineer team through the built-in model dynamic correction interface, it makes up for the lack of professional technical capabilities of mining enterprises, achieving an initial deployment cycle of less than 15 days, and improving data accuracy to over 95% after subsequent model correction, thus ensuring the long-term stable and efficient operation of the software. 3) Achieve multi-source data fusion and automatic output of standardized reports: Based on the corrected model, real-time monitoring data and historical database, the system automatically generates standardized documents such as hydrogeological and engineering geological condition analysis reports, reserve management reports and monitoring reports on a regular basis. The report generation time is less than 5 minutes, eliminating the need for extensive manual integration and analysis, and providing direct and accurate data support for mine management decisions. 4) Significantly improve the accuracy and timeliness of safety monitoring and reserve management: Accurate early warning is achieved through in-depth spatial correlation analysis of monitoring data and imported geological models, with an early warning response time of <1 minute and a false alarm rate of <5%; Reserve data is dynamically updated in conjunction with mining progress, with a reserve calculation error of <3%, solving the problems of data disconnect and poor timeliness in traditional management models, and improving the rational utilization rate of resources; 5) Deeply explore the value of historical data: Integrate historical mine data through a standardized database to achieve second-level retrieval and reuse, and improve the efficiency of comprehensive data utilization by combining real-time data and model information, effectively reducing data collection and management costs. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the import and view adjustment of a 3D model of a ore body according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of importing exploration borehole data and adjusting the view according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the viewing of borehole information according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the coordinate reading and basic calculation functions of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the steel wire strain gauge layout and installation according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the interface of the security monitoring and early warning module according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the security control center according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of personnel location monitoring according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the equipment monitoring center according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the early warning center according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of an environmental monitoring center according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a mining database according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] A lightweight mine transparent geology application and management system includes a 3D geological model import and display module, a safety monitoring and early warning module, a reserve management module, and a mine database and report generation module; The aforementioned 3D geological model import and display module is used to receive 3D geological models constructed by external off-the-shelf modeling software. It supports the import of common model formats (including but not limited to .obj, .stl, .3ds, .dwg, .glTF, and .fbx). During the import process, all attribute information of the original model (including basic geological, hydrogeological, and engineering geological attributes) is automatically preserved. It also provides model visualization, scaling, translation, rotation, attribute query, basic distance measurement, quantity calculation, and other functions, making it easy for users to intuitively view geological information. The aforementioned safety monitoring and early warning module is used to connect to various monitoring equipment in the mine, enabling real-time collection, analysis, and early warning of monitoring data; The aforementioned reserve management module is used to realize the dynamic updating and management of mine reserves; The aforementioned mine database and report generation module integrates the functions of mine historical data management and automatic generation of standardized reports.

[0022] Preferably, the logical relationship between the three-dimensional geological model import and display modules described in this embodiment is as follows: In the formula: --Module for importing and displaying 3D geological models; -- Input model files, supporting common formats such as .obj, .stl, .3ds, .dwg, .glTF, .fbx, etc.; --Visualization rendering engine. Its inputs include geometric data G, attribute data A, and user interaction parameters Puser, and its output is the current view. This component is responsible for the visualization of the model and responding to user zoom, pan, and rotation operations; --Attribute query function. Based on the user's Spick operation, retrieve and return the corresponding attribute information from the parsed attribute set A; --Measurement and calculation functions. Its inputs include geometric data G, user measurement operations Smeasure, and can be combined with queried attribute information; --The geometric data extracted from the input model; --Attribute data extracted from the input model.

[0023] Preferably, the safety monitoring and early warning module described in this embodiment includes a device access unit, a data processing unit, and an early warning unit.

[0024] Preferably, the device access unit described in this embodiment provides a standardized data interface to support the access of monitoring devices such as water level gauges, flow meters, ground deformation monitoring devices, air volume monitoring devices, and personnel and equipment positioning devices, enabling real-time transmission and analysis of monitoring data. A team of geological engineers from the supporting professional technical support system participates in the actual operation and debugging of the sensor access, ensuring access stability and data accuracy. The representation rules of the accessed devices in the display module are as follows: In the formula: --Monitoring point import and display module; --The location of the monitoring point is an engineering attribute, where x, y, and z represent three-dimensional coordinates; --Sensor attributes, such as name, type, accuracy, range, and threshold settings; --Real-time monitoring values ​​taken by the sensor at the monitoring points; --The rate of change of monitoring indicators ; --Warning levels are divided into 4 levels; The data processing unit performs spatial correlation and temporal analysis on the monitoring data and geological information imported into the 3D geological model and display module, calculates the rate of change and cumulative change of monitoring indicators, and establishes a mapping relationship between monitoring data and geological risks, using the spatial distribution of geological risks as a reference for disaster risk prevention and control. In the formula: --Geological risk indicators; G--Geological condition factor, which is related to spatial location, is the initial attribute of a geological body and includes lithology, surrounding rock grade, and tectonic development. , , --The weights are determined by geological engineers based on the actual conditions of the mine; The aforementioned early warning unit presets safety thresholds for each monitoring indicator, including cumulative change and rate of change. When the monitoring data exceeds the threshold or the change trend is abnormal, a tiered early warning is automatically triggered, where 1 represents a general early warning, 2 a relatively severe early warning, 3 a critical early warning, and 0 a normal warning. The unit also locates the early warning position in the three-dimensional geological model and pushes the early warning information to relevant management terminals. The expression for this is: In the formula: , , --Cumulative change threshold; , , -- Rate of change classification threshold.

[0025] Preferably, in this embodiment, the reserve management module automatically connects the calculation results to the display module, and the display rules are as follows: In the formula: --Reserve management information import and display module; , , , , --Parameters for calculating reserve management information.

[0026] Preferably, the reserve management module described in this embodiment includes a reserve calculation unit, a mining progress association unit, and a reserve early warning unit.

[0027] Preferably, the reserve calculation unit described in this embodiment is based on the ore body model in the three-dimensional geological model import and display module, and uses the geological block method and kriging method to calculate recoverable reserves and remaining reserves, and generates basic data for reserve calculation; the geological block method reserve calculation formula is as follows: In the formula: --Reserves of a single geological section; --The volume of a single geological block is calculated and read based on the imported three-dimensional geological model; --Ore density, measured value; --Average grade and test value of the ore in this block; Kriging method for estimating reserves: In the formula: --Estimated reserves of the area to be estimated; --The Kriging weights of the i-th known sampling point sum to 1; --The storage-related parameter values, grade, thickness, etc., of the i-th known sampling point; --The number of sampling points is known; The aforementioned access to mining operation data (location of the mining face, mining volume, and mining time) updates the mining range of the ore body model in real time and synchronously corrects the remaining reserve data. The calculation formula is as follows: In the formula: --Mining volume during a certain period; --Mining time during this period; --The area of ​​the mining face is calculated based on the imported face location data, and its expression is: In the formula: --Initial recoverable reserves, calculated based on the imported 3D model; --Cumulative mining volume is obtained by accessing mining operation data and summarizing the mining volume for each time period; --The remaining recoverable reserves of a mine at a certain moment, adapted according to the type of reserves; The aforementioned reserve early warning unit presets a lower limit threshold for reserves. When the remaining reserves fall below the threshold, an early warning is triggered, reminding management personnel to adjust the mining plan. Simultaneously, it records the dynamic changes in reserves, providing data support for the rational development of resources. Its expression is: In the formula: --Reserve warning status, 1 indicates a triggered warning, 0 indicates a normal status; --Preset lower limit threshold for reserves; In the formula: --The rate of change in reserves over a certain period; --Remaining reserves at the current moment; --Remaining reserves at the previous moment.

[0028] Preferably, the mine database and report generation module described in this embodiment includes a data standardization unit, a data storage unit, a data retrieval unit, and a report generation unit.

[0029] Preferably, the data standardization unit described in this embodiment establishes a unified data format specification to support structured input and format conversion of mine survey reports, detailed survey reports, exploration reports, feasibility study reports, preliminary designs, safety facility design reports, drawings, appendices, and appendices. It also extracts key geological parameters and design indicators from the reports and establishes an index. The geological engineer team in the supporting professional technical support system participates in the actual operation of database construction to ensure the standardization and completeness of data input. The data storage unit adopts a distributed database architecture to store various standardized historical data, attribute data of imported models, and real-time monitoring data. It establishes a spatial association index between the data and the three-dimensional geological model and realizes hierarchical access control for the data. The data retrieval unit provides multi-condition combined retrieval functions (by data type, time, region, keywords, etc.), supports the visualization of retrieval results and jump to related models, and realizes rapid comparison between historical data and real-time geological information. The report generation unit, based on the corrected three-dimensional geological model attribute information, real-time monitoring data, and mine historical data database, can automatically generate and output mine hydrogeological and engineering geological condition analysis reports, reserve management reports, and monitoring reports according to preset cycles (such as monthly or quarterly). The report format is standardized and can be directly used for mine management decision-making.

[0030] Example 1. Software deployment and initial technical support The lightweight software of this invention is deployed on a local server in the mine. The initial configuration of each core module is completed through the data interaction interface module. A unified spatial coordinate system is adopted (using the mine's independent coordinate system, such as Gauss-Kruger projection), and data interaction protocols (based on MQTT or RESTful API) and permission management rules (hierarchical roles: administrator, engineer, operator) are set. The initial deployment of the supporting professional technical system was initiated: A team of professional geological engineers assisted in the construction and import adaptation of the external 3D geological model. The basic geological, hydrogeological, and engineering geological 3D models (in .obj format) of the mine, constructed using professional modeling software (such as Surpac, 3DMine, and Datamine), were imported into the software. The models were verified and all attribute information (strata lithology, ore body boundaries, water level distribution, water-bearing zoning, rock mass strength, etc.) was completely preserved. Assistance was provided in the connection and debugging of monitoring equipment such as water level gauges, flow meters, and ground deformation monitoring radars to ensure that the equipment data was transmitted to the software in real time. Assistance was also provided in building the mine database, entering historical data such as the mine's general survey report, detailed survey report, exploration report, and preliminary design, and completing data format conversion and index establishment to provide basic data support for subsequent function implementation.

[0031] 2. Implementation of 3D geological model display, post-processing correction, and lightweight import. The lightweight design of the 3D geological model import and display module is based on the fact that the software does not integrate any 3D geological modeling engine, does not have model building or mesh reconstruction functions, and only provides an external model import interface, thereby significantly reducing the computational resource requirements and the barrier to entry. Importing supports common formats such as .obj, .stl, .3ds, and .dwg, using the open-source library Assimp or a custom parser to read the files. The import process does not perform complex mesh optimization or recalculation; it only parses vertices, faces, normals, and custom attributes.

[0032] The automatic attribute retention mechanism works as follows: Geological attributes are typically stored as custom comment lines, accompanying MTL files, or additional JSON attribute files. During import, a hash table structure (dictionary) is used to map attributes to model elements. After activating the 3D geological model import and display module, users can zoom, pan, and rotate the imported model. Clicking on any area of ​​the model allows users to query the corresponding geological attribute information through ray picking (an attribute panel will pop up). During later operation, a team of professional geological engineers will incrementally modify and improve the geological information of the 3D geological model based on the geological conditions recently revealed in the mine (such as new faults and lithological changes revealed at the tunneling face) through the correction interface provided by the software. The modified attribute information will be incrementally synchronized to other related modules in real time.

[0033] like Figure 1-4The image shows a view of a 3D geological model of a mine in the OBJ+MTL universal format after importing it into this invention. The model includes an iron ore body and exploration boreholes. The real coordinate information, ore body range, ore body grade, borehole name, core lithology and other information are completely preserved. This invention can perform operations such as coordinate reading, basic measurement (distance, area, volume measurement, etc.), view adjustment and viewing individual borehole information.

[0034] 3. Safety monitoring and early warning system The device access unit of the safety monitoring and early warning module continuously receives real-time data from each monitoring device. The data processing unit spatially correlates the monitoring data with the three-dimensional geological model: the coordinates (x, y, z) of the monitoring points are correlated with the nearest geological body in the model using KD-tree nearest neighbor search or ray intersection detection, and its attributes are extracted.

[0035] For example, the rules for determining early warning for water-rich zones are as follows: Time series analysis uses a sliding window (window size N = 6~12) to calculate the rate of change and cumulative change: Rate of change: v = (current value - previous value) / Δt (Δt is the sampling interval, for example, 10 minutes for a water level gauge) Cumulative change: Δ = Current value - Baseline value (Baseline value is the water level at the beginning of the month or the initial water level of the model) The mapping relationship is established using a combination of rule tables and simple decision trees, for example: If the water abundance is "strong" and the water level rise rate is >0.7cm / min → High risk (serious warning) If the water abundance is "medium" and the water level rise rate is >1.0 cm / min → high risk Trend anomaly detection: Perform linear regression on the most recent N points. If the slope is greater than a preset threshold and the goodness of fit R is greater than the preset threshold, then the anomaly detection method is used. 2 If the value is greater than 0.8, it is considered abnormal.

[0036] For example, the strain monitoring and early warning system of the No. 3 main shaft of a certain mine is as follows: 1) Monitoring system Based on the wellbore exploration borehole columnar section and well wall structure design, six monitoring levels were evenly set up in the fully weathered zone and the bottom clay layer according to the strata, and adjustments were made according to the actual wellbore settlement and strata characteristics.

[0037] Eight steel wire concrete strain gauges are used at each monitoring level, with four measuring points equidistantly arranged on the inner wall. One strain gauge is placed circumferentially and vertically at each measuring point (e.g., ...). Figure 5 (As shown).

[0038] (1) Sensor system By utilizing various sensing technologies, real-time monitored physical quantities, such as strain, displacement, and temperature, can be transformed into electrical signals such as current and voltage, or optical signals, which are convenient to record and process.

[0039] (2) Data acquisition system The system first records the analog signal after sensor transformation and amplifier amplification, and then records the digital signal after analog-to-digital conversion.

[0040] (3) Data transmission system To achieve real-time monitoring, the monitoring data needs to be transmitted to this invention, displayed on a computer screen, and finally stored in the monitoring database.

[0041] (4) Monitoring data management system This invention combines the characteristics of the monitored targets to store different types of data rationally and effectively in the management system. It minimizes the accumulation of invalid data, ensures the reliability of essential information storage, allows for convenient data retrieval from the data measurement system, and enables easy data access by different users.

[0042] 2) Early warning system Based on strain sensors deployed on-site and the real-time monitoring and early warning system of this invention, the system collects and analyzes wellbore strain and cumulative strain data in real time, predicts future deformation and failure of the wellbore, sets wellbore stability grading indicators and early warning thresholds, and provides wellbore stability status display and deformation and failure early warning. When early warning conditions are triggered, the software automatically sends warning information to management personnel, on-site workers, etc., to ensure safe production.

[0043] (1) Wellbore condition criteria and early warning mode Monitoring values ​​are obtained through sensors. Based on numerical simulation and laboratory tests, the yield strain of the well wall concrete deformation was determined. Destructive strain By comparing the two types of data mentioned above, the deformation and failure state of the wellbore can be determined. The relevant evaluation indicators for wellbore strain are: The three comparison results correspond to wellbore safety, wellbore damage, and wellbore fracture, respectively. Specifically, when the deformation of the wellbore is less than the yield strain, the warning indicator is green; when the wellbore enters a damaged state or a failed state, the warning indicators are yellow and red, respectively.

[0044] The incremental strain on the wellbore obtained from each monitoring session for: In the formula: --The dependent variable monitored in the i-th and i+1-th times.

[0045] After obtaining the additional strain increment from the above formula, the deformation characteristics of the well wall are analyzed, and the safety of the well wall is evaluated in combination with the well wall state criteria.

[0046] (2) Determination of wellbore early warning threshold Based on the numerical simulation results, simulation data of the point with the largest deformation in the inner wall of the shaft were selected.

[0047] The axial stress-strain curve of the well wall shows that the critical strain value between the elastic deformation stage and the plastic yielding stage during the compressive deformation failure of the specimen is approximately 470. The ultimate strain value in the plastic yield stage is approximately 800. Therefore, the yield strain of concrete can be set at 470. The failure strain is set at 800. .

[0048] Strain sensors installed on the shaft wall monitor vertical and circumferential additional strain values ​​in real time, and the cumulative strain is used as the basis for determining the shaft wall deformation threshold parameter. For the real-time monitoring system's early warning threshold setting, based on the shaft wall condition discrimination method, when the strain is less than 470... When the wellbore condition is safe, it is displayed in green; when the strain is at 470... ~800 When the well wall is damaged and displays a yellow color, an appropriate treatment plan should be selected based on the actual situation; when the strain is greater than 800... When the well wall is in a cracked state and is displayed in red, accidents such as bending of the cage beam or rupture of the pipeline may occur inside the well. The cage should be braked to prevent the cage from jamming and causing casualties, as shown in Table 1.

[0049] Early warning system information judgment table 1 In addition to the aforementioned safety monitoring and early warning systems, this invention also includes online equipment monitoring, personnel location monitoring, production monitoring, and environmental monitoring systems, with a software interface as follows: Figures 6-11 As shown.

[0050] 4. Realization of dynamic reserve management The reserve calculation unit of the reserve management module is based on the ore body grid provided by the three-dimensional geological model. It prioritizes the geological block method to calculate the remaining reserves (suitable for regular ore bodies) and switches to the kriging method when necessary (suitable for complex ore bodies with large grade variations).

[0051] Specific process of the geological block method: (1) Divide the ore body into blocks along the strike / dip (block size, for example, 50m×50m×10m); (2) Calculate the block volume V = projected area S × average thickness M × cos(θ) (θ is the dip angle of the ore body); (3) Reserves Q = V × weight D × average grade C.

[0052] After the mining progress association unit receives the mining data of the day (such as 2,500 tons, coordinates of the mining face location), it performs a Boolean subtraction operation on the ore body model to deduct the mining range, recalculates the remaining volume and reserves, and records the change log (reserves before modification, reserves after modification, time, trigger source).

[0053] Kriging method alternative implementation: Calculate the experimental variation function γ(h), fit a spherical model, solve for the Kriging weights λ_i, and minimize the variance of the estimate.

[0054] 5. Generation and output of mine database and standardized reports Mining databases (such as) Figure 12 As shown, the report generation unit of the report generation module uses a template engine (such as Jinja2 or DOCX templates), presets standardized report templates, and automatically triggers on a monthly or quarterly basis.

[0055] Example of a report template structure (using "Analysis Report on Hydrogeological and Engineering Geological Conditions of Mines" as an example): (1) Cover and table of contents; (2) Overview of the mining area (automatically fill in basic mine information); (3) Geological condition analysis (insert model screenshots, stratigraphic lithology statistics table, water-bearing zoning map); (4) Summary of monitoring data (automatic generation of water level / deformation time series curves and statistical tables); (5) Risk assessment and recommendations (automatically filled based on early warning records and model attributes); (6) Attached figures and tables (3D view of the model, distribution map of monitoring points).

[0056] Users can also manually adjust the output cycle. The generated report format fully complies with mining industry standards and can be directly used for management decision-making and reporting.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightweight mine transparent geology application and management system, characterized in that: It includes modules for importing and displaying 3D geological models, safety monitoring and early warning, reserves management, and mine database and report generation. The aforementioned 3D geological model import and display module is used to receive 3D geological models constructed by external off-the-shelf modeling software; The aforementioned safety monitoring and early warning module is used to connect to various monitoring equipment in the mine, enabling real-time collection, analysis, and early warning of monitoring data; The aforementioned reserve management module is used to realize the dynamic updating and management of mine reserves; The aforementioned mine database and report generation module integrates the functions of mine historical data management and automatic generation of standardized reports.

2. The lightweight mine transparent geology application and management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The logical relationship between the 3D geological model import and display modules is as follows: In the formula: --Module for importing and displaying 3D geological models; --Input model file; --Visual rendering engine; --Attribute query function; --Measurement and calculation functions; --The geometric data extracted from the input model; --Attribute data extracted from the input model.

3. The lightweight mine transparent geology application and management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aforementioned safety monitoring and early warning module includes a device access unit, a data processing unit, and an early warning unit.

4. The lightweight mine transparent geology application and management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The device access unit provides a standardized data interface, supporting the access of monitoring devices such as water level gauges, flow meters, ground deformation monitoring devices, air volume monitoring devices, and personnel and equipment positioning devices, enabling real-time transmission and analysis of monitoring data. A team of geological engineers within the supporting professional technical support system participates in the actual operation and debugging of sensor access, ensuring access stability and data accuracy. The display rules for accessed devices in the display module are as follows: In the formula: --Monitoring point import and display module; --The location of the monitoring point is an engineering attribute, where x, y, and z represent three-dimensional coordinates; --Sensor properties; --Real-time monitoring values ​​taken by the sensor at the monitoring points; --The rate of change of monitoring indicators ; --Warning levels are divided into 4 levels; The data processing unit performs spatial correlation and temporal analysis on the monitoring data and geological information imported into the 3D geological model and display module, calculates the rate of change and cumulative change of monitoring indicators, and establishes a mapping relationship between monitoring data and geological risks, using the spatial distribution of geological risks as a reference for disaster risk prevention and control. In the formula: --Geological risk indicators; G--Geological condition factor, which is related to spatial location, is the initial attribute of a geological body and includes lithology, surrounding rock grade, and tectonic development. , , --The weights are determined by geological engineers based on the actual conditions of the mine; The aforementioned early warning unit presets safety thresholds for each monitoring indicator, including cumulative change and rate of change. When the monitoring data exceeds the threshold or the change trend is abnormal, a tiered early warning is automatically triggered, where 1 represents a general early warning, 2 a relatively severe early warning, 3 a critical early warning, and 0 a normal warning. The unit also locates the early warning position in the three-dimensional geological model and pushes the early warning information to relevant management terminals. The expression for this is: In the formula: , , --Cumulative change threshold; , , -- Rate of change classification threshold.

5. The lightweight mine transparent geology application and management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The storage management module automatically feeds the calculation results into the display module, and the display rules are as follows: In the formula: --Reserve management information import and display module; , , , , --Parameters for calculating reserves management information.

6. The lightweight mine transparent geology application and management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aforementioned reserve management module includes a reserve calculation unit, a mining progress correlation unit, and a reserve early warning unit.

7. The lightweight mine transparent geology application and management system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The aforementioned reserve calculation unit, based on the orebody model in the 3D geological model import and display module, calculates recoverable and remaining reserves using the geological block method and the kriging method, and generates basic data for reserve calculation. The geological block method reserve calculation formula is as follows: In the formula: --Reserves of a single geological section; --The volume of a single geological block is calculated and read based on the imported three-dimensional geological model; --Ore density, measured value; --Average grade and test value of the ore in this block; Kriging method for estimating reserves: In the formula: --Estimated reserves of the area to be estimated; --The Kriging weights of the i-th known sampling point sum to 1; --The storage-related parameter value of the i-th known sampling point; --The number of sampling points is known; The aforementioned access to mining operation data, real-time updates of the mining range of the ore body model, and synchronous correction of remaining reserve data are calculated using the following formula: In the formula: --Mining volume during a certain period; --Mining time during this period; --The area of ​​the mining face is calculated based on the imported face location data, and its expression is: In the formula: --Initial recoverable reserves, calculated based on the imported 3D model; --Cumulative mining volume is obtained by accessing mining operation data and summarizing the mining volume for each time period; --The remaining recoverable reserves of a mine at a certain moment, adapted according to the type of reserves; The aforementioned reserve early warning unit presets a lower limit threshold for reserves. When the remaining reserves fall below the threshold, an early warning is triggered, reminding management personnel to adjust the mining plan. Simultaneously, it records the dynamic changes in reserves, providing data support for the rational development of resources. Its expression is: In the formula: --Reserve warning status, 1 indicates a triggered warning, 0 indicates a normal status; --Preset lower limit threshold for reserves; In the formula: --The rate of change in reserves over a certain period; --Remaining reserves at the current moment; --Remaining reserves at the previous moment.

8. The lightweight mine transparent geology application and management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aforementioned mine database and report generation module includes a data standardization unit, a data storage unit, a data retrieval unit, and a report generation unit.

9. A lightweight mine transparent geology application and management system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The data standardization unit establishes a unified data format specification to support structured input and format conversion of mine survey reports, detailed survey reports, exploration reports, feasibility study reports, preliminary designs, safety facility design reports, drawings, appendices, and appendices. It also extracts key geological parameters and design indicators from the reports and establishes an index. A team of geological engineers from the supporting professional technical support system participated in the actual operation of database construction to ensure the standardization and completeness of data entry; The data storage unit adopts a distributed database architecture to store various standardized historical data, attribute data of imported models, and real-time monitoring data. It establishes a spatial association index between the data and the three-dimensional geological model and realizes hierarchical access control of the data. The data retrieval unit provides multi-condition combined retrieval functions, supports the visualization of retrieval results and the jumping of related models, and enables rapid comparison of historical data and real-time geological information; The report generation unit, based on the corrected three-dimensional geological model attribute information, real-time monitoring data, and mine historical data database, automatically generates and outputs mine hydrogeological and engineering geological condition analysis reports, reserve management reports, and monitoring reports according to a preset cycle. The report format is standardized and can be directly used for mine management decision-making.

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