A multi-functional electrolytic aluminum overhead crane unit

Abstract

This invention discloses a multifunctional electrolytic aluminum overhead crane unit, comprising two main beams with two end beams at both ends. A crane runs on the main beams, and the crane is equipped with a material suction mechanism, a material discharge mechanism, a shell-breaking mechanism, a torsion pulling mechanism, and a slag removal mechanism. The material suction mechanism includes a material box, a dust collector, and a material suction pipe, with a material suction port at the bottom of the material suction pipe. The material discharge mechanism includes a screw conveyor and a material discharge pipe, with the screw conveyor positioned between the material box and the bottom of the dust collector, and a material discharge port at the bottom of the material discharge pipe. A fixed frame is fixedly connected to the crane, with a mounting frame at the bottom of the fixed frame. A rotating frame is rotatably connected to the bottom of the mounting frame, and the shell-breaking mechanism and the torsion pulling mechanism are both rotatably connected to the rotating frame. This invention integrates multiple production mechanisms into a single crane, simplifying operation, improving operating efficiency, and enabling easier replacement of anode carbon blocks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrolytic aluminum production equipment technology, and in particular to a multifunctional electrolytic aluminum overhead crane unit. Background Technology

[0002] The production of primary aluminum in industry mainly adopts the molten salt electrolysis method, using carbon anodes as the anodes and molten aluminum as the cathodes. A strong direct current is applied, and the electrolytic reaction occurs at the two electrodes in the electrolytic cell to produce aluminum. Under current technological conditions, the anode carbon blocks are gradually consumed during the chemical reaction and need to be replaced periodically. This is the most complex step in the electrolytic aluminum production process. The replacement of the anode carbon blocks involves various operations such as cleaning the covering material, removing the old anode, inserting the new anode, and laying the covering material. Existing electrolytic aluminum cranes use multiple mechanisms operating separately, leading to some functional duplication, a complex overall crane structure, a large machine size, and occupying a significant amount of workspace. The operation is cumbersome and difficult, which is detrimental to electrolytic aluminum production. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multifunctional electrolytic aluminum overhead crane unit that integrates multiple production mechanisms onto a single crane, simplifying operation, improving efficiency, and enabling easier replacement of anode carbon blocks.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a multi-functional electrolytic aluminum overhead crane unit, comprising two main beams, with two end beams at both ends of the main beams, and a crane running on the main beams. The crane is equipped with a material suction mechanism, a material unloading mechanism, a shell-breaking mechanism, a torsion pulling mechanism, and a slag removal mechanism; the material suction mechanism includes a material box, a dust collector, a material suction pipe, a cooling mechanism, and a negative pressure mechanism. The dust collector is fixedly connected to one side of the material box, and a material suction port is provided at the bottom of the material suction pipe, with the top of the material suction pipe communicating with the material box; the cooling mechanism... The system includes a cooling channel located between the material hopper and the dust collector, containing several cooling pipes and several cooling fans evenly distributed on its outer side; a negative pressure mechanism consisting of a Roots blower and a negative pressure pipeline connected between the dust collector and the Roots blower; a feeding mechanism consisting of a screw conveyor and a feeding pipeline, with a first discharge pipe at the bottom of the material hopper, a second discharge pipe at the bottom of the dust collector, the screw conveyor positioned between the first and second discharge pipes, and the feeding pipeline located at the bottom of the screw conveyor's discharge end, with a discharge port at its bottom; a fixed frame is fixedly connected to the overhead crane, with a mounting frame connected to the bottom of the fixed frame via a first slewing bearing, and a rotating frame rotatably connected to the bottom of the mounting frame; both the shell-breaking mechanism and the torsion pulling mechanism are rotatably connected to the rotating frame; the shell-breaking mechanism includes a connecting frame, with a first hydraulic cylinder and a linkage mechanism at the bottom of the connecting frame, and a rock drill mounted at the end of the linkage mechanism, the first hydraulic cylinder driving the linkage mechanism; and the torsion pulling mechanism includes a first outer slide and a second outer slide, the first outer slide... The top of the frame is rotatably connected to the rotating frame. A first inner slide is slidably connected to the first outer slide. A second hydraulic cylinder is hinged between the first inner slide and the first outer slide. A clamp matching the anode carbon block is provided at the bottom of the first inner slide. The second outer slide is hinged to the side of the first inner slide. A second inner slide is slidably connected to the second outer slide. A third hydraulic cylinder is hinged between the second outer slide and the second inner slide. A torsion pulling device is installed at the bottom of the second inner slide. The slag removal mechanism includes a slag removal frame, and a grab bucket is installed at the bottom of the slag removal frame.

[0005] Optionally, baffles are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the cooling channel, and cooling pipes are evenly fixedly connected between the two baffles, which divide the cooling channel into three spaces: upper, middle, and lower. A partition is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper space, which divides the upper space into a feeding space and a discharging space. The top of the cooling pipes is connected to both the feeding space and the discharging space. The middle space is the cooling space, and the cooling fan is connected to the cooling space. The lower space is the reversing space, and the bottom of the cooling pipes is connected to the reversing space. The feeding space is connected to the material box through a connecting pipe, and the discharging space is connected to the dust collector through a connecting pipe.

[0006] Optionally, the suction pipe includes a first outer sleeve and a first inner sleeve. The first outer sleeve is fixedly connected to and communicates with the material box. The first inner sleeve is slidably connected inside the first outer sleeve. The suction port is located at the bottom of the first inner sleeve. A suction frame is provided on the outside of the first inner sleeve. The first inner sleeve is slidably connected to the suction frame. A first drum and a first drive motor are installed on the suction frame. The first drive motor drives the first drum to rotate. A fixed pulley is provided above the first drum. The fixed pulley is rotatably connected to the suction frame. A first lifting ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first inner sleeve. The wire rope on the first drum passes around the fixed pulley and is fixedly connected to the first lifting ring.

[0007] Optionally, a rotary joint is installed between the suction port and the first inner sleeve, and a suction rotary motor is installed on the outside of the rotary joint, with the suction port set at an angle.

[0008] Optionally, the feeding pipe includes a second inner sleeve and a second outer sleeve. The second inner sleeve is connected to the outlet of the screw conveyor, and the second outer sleeve is slidably connected to the outside of the second inner sleeve. The feeding port is located at the bottom of the second outer sleeve. A feeding frame is provided below the material box, and a second drum and a second drive motor are installed on the feeding frame. The second drive motor drives the second drum to rotate. A fixed pulley is provided above the second drum and is rotatably connected to the feeding frame. A second lifting ring is fixedly connected to the top of the second outer sleeve, and the wire rope on the second drum is fixedly connected to the second lifting ring after passing over the fixed pulley.

[0009] Optionally, a transition frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the material box, and several sliding rods are evenly fixedly connected to the bottom of the transition frame. A buffer frame is slidably connected to the sliding rods. The buffer frame includes a top plate and a bottom plate. Several buffer springs are evenly arranged between the top plate and the bottom plate. A limiting nut matching the buffer frame is provided on the sliding rod. Several vertically downward guide rods are fixedly connected to the top of the unloading frame. The guide rods pass through the buffer frame and the buffer springs. Support sleeves are provided at both ends of the guide rods. Locking nuts are provided at the ends of the support sleeves.

[0010] Optionally, the connecting frame includes a third outer slide and a third inner slide. The top of the third inner slide is rotatably connected to the rotating frame, and the third outer slide is slidably connected to the third inner slide. A fourth hydraulic cylinder is hinged between the third inner slide and the third outer slide. The linkage mechanism includes a shell-breaking frame, an active connecting rod, and a driven connecting rod. The middle part of the active connecting rod is hinged to the bottom of the third outer slide. The first hydraulic cylinder is hinged between the third outer slide and the end of the active connecting rod. The shell-breaking frame is hinged to the other end of the active connecting rod. The driven connecting rod is hinged between the third outer slide and the shell-breaking frame. The driven connecting rod is located below the active connecting rod. The rock drill is mounted on the shell-breaking frame.

[0011] Optionally, the fixture includes a fixture frame with two symmetrically arranged clamps hinged on the fixture frame. A fifth hydraulic cylinder is hinged between the two clamps, and a return spring is installed between the two clamps. A limiting rod that matches the anode carbon block is fixedly connected to the clamps, and guide ramps are provided at the bottom of both the clamps and the limiting rods.

[0012] Optionally, the torsion pulling device includes a torsion pulling frame, with positioning plates on both sides of the torsion pulling frame, positioning grooves on the positioning plates, a guide roller rotatably connected between the two positioning plates, and an electric wrench in the middle of the torsion pulling frame.

[0013] Optionally, a support frame is hinged to the torsion frame, a compression spring is installed between the support frame and the torsion frame, a limit plate is fixedly connected to the support frame, and a contact rod matching the limit plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second outer slide.

[0014] The multifunctional electrolytic aluminum overhead crane unit of the present invention has the following advantages: (1) The shell breaking mechanism can break the covering material on the top of the anode carbon block, making it easier for the material suction mechanism to recover the covering material. The material suction mechanism cools the recovered covering material and stores it in the dust collector. Then the torsion pulling mechanism takes out the old anode carbon block and hoists it to the designated position. Then the new anode carbon block is moved to the electrolytic cell. Before putting it in, the slag removal mechanism cleans the impurities in the electrolytic cell. After putting it in, the material feeding mechanism lays the covering material on the top of the anode carbon block to complete the replacement work. The whole process is simple to operate and highly efficient.

[0015] (2) Both the suction pipe and the discharge pipe are telescopic structures, which can improve the flexibility of the device during operation.

[0016] (3) The buffer frame can reduce the impact of vibration on the stability of the device, enabling the device to operate stably for a long time.

[0017] (4) The torsion pulling mechanism can disassemble the small box clamp and stably remove the small box clamp from the anode carbon block to avoid it falling off and affecting production safety. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of an overhead crane.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the material suction mechanism.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the material suction pipe.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling structure.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cooling channel.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the material bin and the dust collector.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the material feeding pipe.

[0028] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle.

[0029] Figure 12 This is a connection diagram of the buffer frame.

[0030] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the shell-forming mechanism and the torsion-pulling mechanism.

[0031] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the shell-breaking mechanism.

[0032] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of a linkage mechanism.

[0033] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the torsion pulling mechanism.

[0034] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the fixture.

[0035] Figure 18 This is a diagram showing the installation of the clamps.

[0036] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the support bracket in the open position.

[0037] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame in its closed state.

[0038] Reference numerals: Main beam 1; End beam 2; Overhead crane 3; Suction mechanism 4; Material box 401; Dust collector 402; Suction pipe 403; Cooling mechanism 404; First outer sleeve 405; First inner sleeve 406; Suction port 407; Rotary joint 408; Suction rotary motor 409; Suction frame 410; First drum 411; First drive motor 412; First lifting ring 413; Cooling channel 414; Baffle 415; Cooling pipe 416; Partition 417; Feeding space 418; Discharge space 419; Cooling space 420; Cooling fan 421; Reversing space 42 2; Connecting pipe 423; Roots blower 424; Negative pressure pipe 425; Air outlet 426; Feed inlet 427; Vent 428; Bin vibrator 429; Transition frame 430; Slide bar 431; Discharge mechanism 5; Screw conveyor 501; Discharge pipe 502; First discharge pipe 503; Second discharge pipe 504; Discharge port 505; Second inner sleeve 506; Second outer sleeve 507; Rubber hose 508; Discharge rack 509; Second drum 510; Second drive motor 511; Mounting plate 512; Second lifting ring 513; Guide groove 514; Guide plate 515; Second slewing bearing 516; unloading rotary motor 517; top plate 518; bottom plate 519; buffer spring 520; limit nut 521; support sleeve 522; locking nut 523; shell-breaking mechanism 6; third outer slide 602; third inner slide 603; fourth hydraulic cylinder 604; linkage mechanism 605; shell-breaking frame 606; driving link 607; driven link 608; first hydraulic cylinder 609; rock drill 610; torsion pulling mechanism 7; first outer slide 701; second outer slide 702; first inner slide 703; second hydraulic cylinder 704; clamp 705; clamp frame 7 06; Clamp 707; Fifth hydraulic cylinder 708; Return spring 709; Limiting rod 710; Guide frame 711; Guide inclined surface 712; Second inner slide 713; Third hydraulic cylinder 714; Torque puller 715; Positioning plate 716; Positioning groove 717; Guide roller 718; Electric wrench 719; Support frame 720; Compression spring 721; Limiting plate 722; Contact rod 723; Slag removal mechanism 8; Slag removal frame 801; Grab bucket 802; Fixing frame 9; First slewing bearing 10; Mounting frame 11; Rotary motor 12; Rotating frame 13; Auxiliary main beam 14; Aluminum unloading trolley 15. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present invention, terms such as “center”, “upper”, “lower”, “front”, “rear”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inner”, and “outer” indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0040] The terms “first” and “second” are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.

[0041] like Figures 1-20As shown, a multi-functional electrolytic aluminum overhead crane unit includes two main beams 1, with two end beams 2 at both ends of the main beams 1. A crane 3 runs on the main beams 1, and the crane 3 is equipped with a material suction mechanism 4, a material unloading mechanism 5, a shell-breaking mechanism 6, a torsion pulling mechanism 7, and a slag removal mechanism 8. The material suction mechanism 4 includes a material box 401, a dust collector 402, a material suction pipe 403, a cooling mechanism 404, and a negative pressure mechanism. A material suction port 407 is provided at the bottom of the material suction pipe 403, and the top of the material suction pipe 403 is connected to the material box 401. The suction pipe 403 is vertically arranged and includes a first outer sleeve 405 and a first inner sleeve 406. The first outer sleeve 405 is fixedly connected to and communicates with the material box 401. The first inner sleeve 406 is slidably connected inside the first outer sleeve 405. A rotary joint 408 is installed between the suction port 407 and the first inner sleeve 406. A suction rotary motor 409 is installed on the outside of the rotary joint 408. The suction port 407 is inclined. The suction rotary motor 409 can drive the suction port 407 to rotate, expand the absorption range of the suction port 407, reduce the movement frequency of the suction pipe 403, and thus improve the absorption efficiency of the covering material. A suction frame 410 is provided on the outer side of the first inner sleeve 406. The first inner sleeve 406 is slidably connected to the suction frame 410. A first drum 411 and a first drive motor 412 are installed on the suction frame 410. The first drive motor 412 drives the first drum 411 to rotate. A fixed pulley is provided above the first drum 411 and is rotatably connected to the suction frame 410. A first lifting ring 413 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first inner sleeve 406. The wire rope on the first drum 411 passes over the fixed pulley and is fixedly connected to the first lifting ring 413. The lifting and lowering of the first inner sleeve 406 is achieved by winding and unwinding the wire rope on the first drum 411. The first drum 411 can be a drum with a double output shaft. Two corresponding fixed pulleys and first lifting rings 413 are provided and symmetrically installed on both sides of the suction frame 410 and the first inner sleeve 406 to ensure the balance of lifting power and thus improve the stability of the lifting and lowering of the first inner sleeve 406. The dust collector 402 is a bag filter dust collector, which is fixedly connected to one side of the material box 401. It has a compact structure and saves space.

[0042] The cooling mechanism 404 includes a cooling channel 414, which is located between the material bin 401 and the dust collector 402. Baffles 415 are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the cooling channel 414, and several cooling pipes 416 are evenly fixedly connected between the two baffles 415, dividing the cooling channel 414 into three spaces: upper, middle, and lower. A partition 417 is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper space, dividing the upper space into a feeding space 418 and a discharging space 419. The top of one half of the cooling pipes 416 communicates with the feeding space 418, and the top of the other half of the cooling pipes 416 communicates with the discharging space 419. The central space is the cooling space 420, which is connected to the outside. Several cooling fans 421 are evenly arranged on the outside of the cooling channel 414. The cooling fans 421 are connected to the cooling space 420. When the high-temperature covering material passes through the cooling pipe 416, it transfers its temperature to the cooling space 420, where it is cooled by the air cooling of the cooling fans 421. The space below is the reversing space 422. The bottom of the cooling pipe 416 is connected to the reversing space 422. The cooling pipe 416 on the side of the covering material feeding space 418 enters the reversing space 422, and then enters the discharging space 419 through the cooling pipe 416 on the side of the discharging space 419. The covering material completes a round trip, increasing the heat dissipation area and improving the cooling effect. The feeding space 418 is connected to the material box 401 via a connecting pipe 423, and the discharging space 419 is connected to the dust collector 402 via a connecting pipe 423. The top of the cooling mechanism 404 is located near the material box 401 and the dust collector 402, which can shorten the length of the connecting pipe 423, reduce costs, and prevent the accumulation of covering material in the pipe. The negative pressure mechanism includes a Roots blower 424 and a negative pressure pipe 425. The negative pressure pipe 425 is connected between the dust collector 402 and the Roots blower 424, and the Roots blower 424 is connected to an air outlet 426.

[0043] The feeding mechanism 5 includes a screw conveyor 501 and a feeding pipe 502. A first discharge pipe 503 is located at the bottom of the hopper 401, and a second discharge pipe 504 is located at the bottom of the dust collector 402. The screw conveyor 501 is positioned between the first and second discharge pipes 503 and 504. The feeding pipe 502 is located at the bottom of the discharge end of the screw conveyor 501, and a feeding port 505 is located at the bottom of the feeding pipe 502. The top of the hopper 401 has an inlet 427 and two vents 428. Gate valves are installed on the first discharge pipe 503, the second discharge pipe 504, the inlet 427, and the vents 428. The hopper 401 stores newly added covering material, while the dust collector 402 stores cooled and recovered covering material. The screw conveyor 501 transports the covering material from the dust collector 402 to the feeding pipe 502. The bottom of the material bin 401 and the dust collector 402 is provided with a funnel-shaped structure. Two bin wall vibrators 429 are symmetrically installed at the bottom of the material bin 401. The bin wall vibrators 429 can improve the smoothness of material discharge from the material bin 401 and the dust collector 402 and avoid blockage of the material bin 401. The discharge pipe 502 includes a second inner sleeve 506 and a second outer sleeve 507. The second inner sleeve 506 is connected to the outlet of the screw conveyor 501. The second outer sleeve 507 is slidably connected to the outside of the second inner sleeve 506. The discharge port 505 is located at the bottom of the second outer sleeve 507. A rubber tube 508 is connected between the second outer sleeve 507 and the discharge port 505. The rubber tube 508 is insulated and elastic, and the position of the discharge port 505 can be manually adjusted to facilitate targeted material discharge to local areas. A feeding rack 509 is provided below the material box 401. A second drum 510 and a second drive motor 511 are mounted on the feeding rack 509. The second drive motor 511 drives the second drum 510 to rotate. A fixed pulley is provided above the second drum 510 and is rotatably connected to the feeding rack 509. A mounting plate 512 is provided on the top of the second outer tube 507. A second lifting ring 513 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate 512. The wire rope on the second drum 510 passes around the fixed pulley and is fixedly connected to the second lifting ring 513. The second drum 510 can be a drum with a double output shaft. Two corresponding fixed pulleys and two lifting rings 513 are provided and symmetrically installed on both sides of the feeding rack 509 and the second outer tube 507 to ensure the balance of lifting power and thus improve the stability of the lifting of the second outer tube 507. The mounting plate 512 is also provided with a guide groove 514, and the unloading rack 509 is provided with a guide plate 515 that matches the guide groove 514. The guide groove 514 slides vertically along the guide plate 515 to prevent the second outer sleeve 507 from shaking when it is raised and lowered. A second slewing bearing 516 is installed between the mounting plate 512 and the second outer sleeve 507. A unloading rotary motor 517 is installed on one side of the second slewing bearing 516. The unloading port 505 is set at an angle. The angled unloading port 505 can reduce the impact force of the falling cover material and avoid large dust caused by vertical unloading.The feeding rotary motor 517 can drive the feeding port 505 to rotate, expand the feeding range of the feeding port 505, reduce the movement frequency of the feeding pipe 502, and thus improve the feeding coverage efficiency.

[0044] A transition frame 430 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the material box 401. Several sliding rods 431 are evenly fixedly connected to the bottom of the transition frame 430. A buffer frame is slidably connected to the sliding rods 431. The buffer frame includes a top plate 518 and a bottom plate 519. Several buffer springs 520 are evenly arranged between the top plate 518 and the bottom plate 519. A limiting nut 521 matching the buffer frame is provided on the sliding rod 431. The buffering degree of the buffer frame is limited by the distance between the upper and lower limiting nuts 521. Several vertically downward guide rods are fixedly connected to the top of the unloading rack 509. The guide rods pass through the buffer frame and the buffer springs 520. Support sleeves 522 are provided at both ends of the guide rods. Locking nuts 523 are provided at the ends of the support sleeves 522. When the feeding pipe 502 vibrates upward, the feeding frame 509 drives the bottom support sleeve 522 to push the bottom plate 519 upward, and the buffer spring 520 is compressed, which has a buffering effect; when the feeding pipe 502 vibrates downward, the feeding frame 509 drives the top support sleeve 522 to press the top plate 518 downward, and the buffer spring 520 is compressed, which has a buffering effect. The buffer frame can alleviate the load on the connection position of the bolts and nuts when the device is working, reduce the risk of bolt breakage and nut loosening, and help improve the stability of the device operation.

[0045] A fixed frame 9 is fixedly connected to the overhead crane 3. A mounting frame 11 is connected to the bottom of the fixed frame 9 via a first slewing bearing 10. A rotary motor 12 is mounted on the bottom of the first slewing bearing 10, which drives the mounting frame 11 to rotate horizontally. A rotating frame 13 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the mounting frame 11. Both the shell-breaking mechanism 6 and the torsion-pulling mechanism 7 are rotatably connected to the rotating frame 13. The rotation axes of the shell-breaking mechanism 6 and the torsion-pulling mechanism 7 are parallel and perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotating frame 13. The rotating frame 13 can rotate in the front-to-back direction relative to the mounting frame 11, and the shell-breaking mechanism 6 and the torsion-pulling mechanism 7 can rotate in the left-to-right direction relative to the rotating frame 13. The shell-breaking mechanism 6 and the torsion-pulling mechanism 7 are not rigidly connected structures, thus allowing for greater flexibility during movement. This reduces the difficulty of shell-breaking and torsion-pulling operations, minimizes the impact on the connection nodes during operation, ensures connection strength, and improves the overall stability and safety of the device.

[0046] The shell-breaking mechanism 6 includes a connecting frame, which includes a third outer slide 602 and a third inner slide 603. The top of the third inner slide 603 is rotatably connected to the rotating frame 13, and the third outer slide 602 is slidably connected to the third inner slide 603. A fourth hydraulic cylinder 604 is hinged between the third inner slide 603 and the third outer slide 602. The fourth hydraulic cylinder 604 can drive the third outer slide 602 to rise and fall. The bottom of the third outer slide 602 is provided with a linkage mechanism 605. The linkage mechanism 605 includes a shell-breaking frame 606, an active linkage 607, and a driven linkage 608. The middle part of the active linkage 607 is hinged to the bottom of the third outer slide 602. The first hydraulic cylinder 609 is hinged between the third outer slide 602 and the end of the active linkage 607. The shell-breaking frame 606 is hinged to the front end of the active linkage 607. The rock drill 610 is mounted on the shell-breaking frame 606. The first hydraulic cylinder 609 can drive the shell-breaking frame 606 to rotate, thereby adjusting the angle of the rock drill 610. The driven link 608 is hinged between the third outer slide 602 and the shell-breaking frame 606. The driven link 608 is located below the active link 607, which can improve the stability of the linkage mechanism 605 and ensure that the rock drill 610 will not have a large vibration amplitude during the shell-breaking operation. A heat insulation plate can be installed on the driven link 608 for protection.

[0047] The torsion mechanism 7 includes a first outer slide 701 and a second outer slide 702. The top of the first outer slide 701 is rotatably connected to the rotating frame 13. A first inner slide 703 is slidably connected to the first outer slide 701. A second hydraulic cylinder 704 is hinged between the first inner slide 703 and the first outer slide 701. A clamp 705 matching the anode carbon block is provided at the bottom of the first inner slide 703. The second hydraulic cylinder 704 can drive the clamp 705 to rise and fall. The clamp 705 includes a clamp frame 706, on which two symmetrically arranged clamps 707 are hinged. A fifth hydraulic cylinder 708 is hinged between the two clamps 707, and a return spring 709 is installed between the two clamps 707. A limiting rod 710 matching the anode carbon block is fixedly connected to the clamp 707. A guide frame 711 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamp frame 706. Guide ramps 712 are provided at the bottom of both the clamps 707 and the limiting rods 710. When the clamp 705 moves above the anode carbon block, the second hydraulic cylinder 704 drives the clamp 705 to descend, so that the guide frame 711 matches and positions with the anode carbon block. As the clamp 705 continues to descend, the guide ramps 712 slide along the surface of the anode carbon block, opening the clamps 707 until the limiting rod 710 is inserted into the hole on the anode carbon block, completing the engagement between the clamp 705 and the anode carbon block. The operation is purely mechanical and requires no additional power. When it is necessary to remove clamp 705, the fifth hydraulic cylinder 708 extends to open the two clamps 707, so that clamp 705 can be removed from the anode carbon block.

[0048] The second outer slide 702 is hinged to the side of the first inner slide 703. The second inner slide 713 is slidably connected to the second outer slide 702. A third hydraulic cylinder 714 is hinged between the second outer slide 702 and the second inner slide 713. The third hydraulic cylinder 714 can drive the second inner slide 713 to rise and fall. The bottom of the second inner slide 713 is equipped with a torsion pulling device, which includes a torsion pulling frame 715. Positioning plates 716 are provided on both sides of the torsion pulling frame 715. Positioning grooves 717 are provided on the positioning plates 716. A guide roller 718 is rotatably connected between the two positioning plates 716. An electric wrench 719 is provided in the middle of the torsion pulling frame 715. A support frame 720 is hinged on the torsion pulling frame 715. A compression spring 721 is installed between the support frame 720 and the torsion pulling frame 715. Under the action of the compression spring 721, the support frame 720 is always in an open state. A limit plate 722 is fixedly connected to the support frame 720. A contact rod 723 that matches the limit plate 722 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second outer slide 702. After the clamp 705 engages with the anode carbon block, the third hydraulic cylinder 714 drives the torsion puller 715 to move downwards. The guide roller 718 rolls against the surface of the anode carbon block, allowing the torsion puller 715 to move downwards precisely until the positioning groove 717 engages with the small box clamp on the anode carbon block. At this time, the electric wrench 719 also engages with the fixing bolt on the small box clamp. After the electric wrench 719 loosens the fixing bolt, the small box clamp releases its fixation to the anode carbon block. Then, the third hydraulic cylinder 714 drives the torsion puller 715 to rise, which in turn drives the small box clamp to rise together, removing the small box clamp from the anode carbon block. When the small box clamp rises to the top of the anode carbon block and is about to completely detach, the contact rod 723 contacts the limiting plate 722. At this time, the third hydraulic cylinder 714 continues to drive the torsion puller 715 to rise, and the contact rod 723 will push the limiting plate 722 downward, thereby causing the support frame 720 to rotate to the bottom of the small box clamp, cooperating with the positioning plate 716 to support the small box clamp and prevent it from falling, which would affect production safety. The slag removal mechanism 8 includes a slag removal frame 801, which is also set as a lifting structure. A grab bucket 802 is installed at the bottom of the slag removal frame 801.

[0049] The working process for this application is as follows: The shell-breaking mechanism 6 breaks the covering material on top of the old anode carbon block. The rock drill 610 is moved to the designated working area by the movement of the overhead crane 3. The fourth hydraulic cylinder 604 drives the third outer slide 602 to descend to the working height. Then, the first hydraulic cylinder 609 drives the linkage mechanism 605 to open. After adjusting the position of the rock drill 610, the rock drill 610 starts and begins the shell-breaking operation. After the shell-breaking is completed, the linkage mechanism 605 retracts and the rock drill 610 stops. The fourth hydraulic cylinder 604 drives the third outer slide 602 to rise to the upper limit height.

[0050] The suction mechanism 4 cleans the covering material on top of the old anode carbon blocks. By moving the overhead crane 3, the suction port 407 is moved to the designated working area. The first drum 411 moves to lower the first inner sleeve 406 to the working height. Before suction, it is necessary to confirm that the feed port 427 and the vent 428 on the top of the material box 401 are closed, the first discharge pipe 503 and the second discharge pipe 504 are closed, the connecting channel is opened, and the Roots blower 424 is started to establish a negative pressure environment in the material box 401 and the dust collector 402. The suction pipe 403 sucks the high-temperature covering material on top of the anode carbon blocks into the material box 401. Larger particles will fall directly to the bottom of the material box 401, and lighter particles will enter the feeding space 418 through the connecting pipe 423. After being cooled by the cooling pipe 416 twice, they enter the dust collector 402 and finally fall to the bottom of the dust collector 402. After the material is sucked up, the Roots blower 424 stops, and the first drum 411 moves to raise the first inner sleeve 406 to the upper limit height.

[0051] To replace the anode carbon block, the overhead crane 3 moves the torsion mechanism 7 above the anode carbon block. The second hydraulic cylinder 704 lowers the first inner slide 703, connecting the clamp 705 to the top of the anode carbon block. Then, the third hydraulic cylinder 714 lowers the second inner slide 713, locking the positioning frame onto the pin of the small box clamp on the anode carbon block. After the electric wrench 719 loosens the fixing bolts on the small box clamp, the third hydraulic cylinder 714 raises the small box clamp until the contact rod 723 contacts the limit plate 722, and the support frame 720 rotates to below the small box clamp. The old anode carbon block is then hoisted to the designated position by the overhead crane 3. After the old anode carbon block is removed, some clumps will remain in the electrolytic cell, requiring the slag removal mechanism 8 to remove them. Finally, the new anode carbon block is placed into the electrolytic cell.

[0052] Covering material is laid on top of the new anode carbon block. The discharge port 505 is moved to the designated working area by the movement of the overhead crane 3. The second drum 510 moves to lower the second inner sleeve 506 to the working height. Before discharging, it is necessary to confirm that the inlet of the material box 401, the outlet of the dust collector 402, and the connecting channel are closed. At the same time, the feed port 427 at the top of the material box 401 is closed, the vent 428 is opened, and the valve on the discharge pipe 502 is opened. The covering material in the material box 401 falls directly into the discharge pipe 502. The covering material in the dust collector 402 is transported to the discharge pipe 502 by the screw conveyor 501. Covering material is laid on the anode carbon block. After the laying is completed, the second drum 510 moves to raise the second inner sleeve 506 to the upper limit height.

[0053] All mechanisms share a core operational logic: if the telescopic structure of one mechanism is not at its upper limit position, the other mechanisms cannot be activated. Encoders are installed on end beam 2, overhead crane 3, and each rotary motor for precise positioning. An auxiliary main beam 14 is also installed on one side of the main beam 1, on which an aluminum unloading trolley 15 runs. The aluminum unloading trolley 15 can lift the busbar frame and also lift aluminum ladles.

[0054] The embodiments described above are merely some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-functional electrolytic aluminum overhead crane unit, comprising two main beams, with two end beams at both ends of the main beams, and a crane running on the main beams, characterized in that: The overhead crane is equipped with a material suction mechanism, a material discharge mechanism, a shell-breaking mechanism, a torsion pulling mechanism, and a slag removal mechanism. The material suction mechanism includes a hopper, a dust collector, a suction pipe, a cooling mechanism, and a negative pressure mechanism. The dust collector is fixedly connected to one side of the hopper, and the bottom of the suction pipe has a suction port, while the top of the suction pipe connects to the hopper. The cooling mechanism includes a cooling channel located between the hopper and the dust collector, containing several cooling pipes, and several cooling fans evenly distributed on the outside of the cooling channel. The negative pressure mechanism includes a Roots blower and a negative pressure pipe connected between the dust collector and the Roots blower. The material discharge mechanism includes a screw conveyor and a discharge pipe. The bottom of the hopper has a first discharge pipe, the bottom of the dust collector has a second discharge pipe, the screw conveyor is located between the first and second discharge pipes, and the discharge pipe is located at the bottom of the screw conveyor's discharge end, with a discharge port at its bottom. The overhead crane is fixedly connected with... A fixed frame is provided, with a mounting frame connected to its bottom via a first slewing bearing. A rotating frame is rotatably connected to the bottom of the mounting frame. Both the shell-breaking mechanism and the torsion-pulling mechanism are rotatably connected to the rotating frame. The shell-breaking mechanism includes a connecting frame, with a first hydraulic cylinder and a linkage mechanism at its bottom. A rock drill is mounted at the end of the linkage mechanism, and the first hydraulic cylinder drives the linkage mechanism. The torsion-pulling mechanism includes a first outer slide and a second outer slide. The top of the first outer slide is rotatably connected to the rotating frame, and a first inner slide is slidably connected to the first outer slide. A second hydraulic cylinder is hinged between the first inner slide and the first outer slide. A clamp matching the anode carbon block is provided at the bottom of the first inner slide. The second outer slide is hinged to the side of the first inner slide, and a second inner slide is slidably connected to the second outer slide. A third hydraulic cylinder is hinged between the second outer slide and the second inner slide. A torsion-pulling device is mounted at the bottom of the second inner slide. The slag-removing mechanism includes a slag-removing frame, with a grab bucket mounted at its bottom.

2. The multifunctional electrolytic aluminum overhead crane unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The top and bottom of the cooling channel are fixedly connected to baffles, and the cooling pipes are evenly fixedly connected between the two baffles. The two baffles divide the cooling channel into three spaces: upper, middle, and lower. A partition is fixedly connected in the middle of the upper space, which divides the upper space into a feeding space and a discharging space. The top of the cooling pipes is connected to both the feeding space and the discharging space. The middle space is the cooling space, and the cooling fan is connected to the cooling space. The lower space is the reversing space, and the bottom of the cooling pipes is connected to the reversing space. The feeding space is connected to the material box through a connecting pipe, and the discharging space is connected to the dust collector through a connecting pipe.

3. The multifunctional electrolytic aluminum overhead crane unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The suction pipe includes a first outer sleeve and a first inner sleeve. The first outer sleeve is fixedly connected to and communicates with the material box. The first inner sleeve is slidably connected inside the first outer sleeve. The suction port is located at the bottom of the first inner sleeve. A suction frame is provided on the outside of the first inner sleeve. The first inner sleeve is slidably connected to the suction frame. A first drum and a first drive motor are installed on the suction frame. The first drive motor drives the first drum to rotate. A fixed pulley is provided above the first drum. The fixed pulley is rotatably connected to the suction frame. A first lifting ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first inner sleeve. The wire rope on the first drum passes around the fixed pulley and is fixedly connected to the first lifting ring.

4. The multifunctional electrolytic aluminum overhead crane unit as described in claim 3, characterized in that: A rotary joint is installed between the suction port and the first inner sleeve. A suction rotary motor is installed on the outside of the rotary joint, and the suction port is set at an angle.

5. The multifunctional electrolytic aluminum overhead crane unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding pipe includes a second inner sleeve and a second outer sleeve. The second inner sleeve is connected to the outlet of the screw conveyor, and the second outer sleeve is slidably connected to the outside of the second inner sleeve. The feeding port is located at the bottom of the second outer sleeve. A feeding frame is set below the material box. A second drum and a second drive motor are installed on the feeding frame. The second drive motor drives the second drum to rotate. A fixed pulley is set above the second drum. The fixed pulley is rotatably connected to the feeding frame. A second lifting ring is fixedly connected to the top of the second outer sleeve. The wire rope on the second drum passes around the fixed pulley and is fixedly connected to the second lifting ring.

6. The multifunctional electrolytic aluminum overhead crane unit as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A transition frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the material box. Several sliding rods are evenly fixedly connected to the bottom of the transition frame. A buffer frame is slidably connected to the sliding rods. The buffer frame includes a top plate and a bottom plate. Several buffer springs are evenly arranged between the top plate and the bottom plate. A limiting nut matching the buffer frame is provided on the sliding rod. Several vertically downward guide rods are fixedly connected to the top of the unloading frame. The guide rods pass through the buffer frame and the buffer springs. Support sleeves are provided at both ends of the guide rods. Locking nuts are provided at the ends of the support sleeves.

7. The multifunctional electrolytic aluminum overhead crane unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting frame includes a third outer slide and a third inner slide. The top of the third inner slide is rotatably connected to the rotating frame, and the third outer slide is slidably connected to the third inner slide. A fourth hydraulic cylinder is hinged between the third inner slide and the third outer slide. The linkage mechanism includes a shell-breaking frame, an active connecting rod, and a driven connecting rod. The middle part of the active connecting rod is hinged to the bottom of the third outer slide. The first hydraulic cylinder is hinged between the third outer slide and the end of the active connecting rod. The shell-breaking frame is hinged to the other end of the active connecting rod. The driven connecting rod is hinged between the third outer slide and the shell-breaking frame. The driven connecting rod is located below the active connecting rod. The rock drill is mounted on the shell-breaking frame.

8. The multifunctional electrolytic aluminum overhead crane unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The fixture includes a fixture frame with two symmetrically arranged clamps hinged on the fixture frame. A fifth hydraulic cylinder is hinged between the two clamps, and a return spring is also installed between the two clamps. A limit rod that matches the anode carbon block is fixedly connected to the clamps. Guide slopes are provided at the bottom of both the clamps and the limit rod.

9. The multifunctional electrolytic aluminum overhead crane unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The torsion pulling device includes a torsion pulling frame, with positioning plates on both sides of the torsion pulling frame. Positioning grooves are provided on the positioning plates, and a guide roller is rotatably connected between the two positioning plates. An electric wrench is provided in the middle of the torsion pulling frame.

10. The multifunctional electrolytic aluminum overhead crane unit as described in claim 8, characterized in that: A support frame is hinged to the torsion frame, and a compression spring is installed between the support frame and the torsion frame. A limit plate is fixedly connected to the support frame, and a contact rod matching the limit plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second outer slide.

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