Mud water filtering and separating mechanism for water conservancy construction

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of water pollution control and treatment technology, specifically a sludge filtration and water separation mechanism for water conservancy construction. Addressing the shortcomings of traditional sludge filtration and water separation equipment in water pollution control and treatment, which often employs mechanical extrusion and filter screens that are easily clogged by fine sludge particles, this invention proposes the following solution: It includes a sludge receiving tank with a sludge inlet connected to its outer side and a sludge outlet connected to its bottom side, with a sealing cap installed at the outlet. This invention utilizes a combination of capillary water absorption and solar evaporation and condensation to achieve sludge-water separation, requiring no additional energy consumption, thus being energy-saving and environmentally friendly. A temperature-sensing self-cleaning structure effectively prevents clogging and reduces manual maintenance. Combined with a sealed heat collection chamber and an automatic bottom cleaning component, it achieves excellent dewatering effect and smooth sludge discharge, solving the problems of easy clogging, high energy consumption, and environmental pollution associated with traditional equipment in water pollution control and treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water pollution control and treatment technology, and in particular to a sludge filtration and water separation mechanism for water conservancy construction. Background Technology

[0002] Water conservancy projects such as river and lake dredging, reservoir expansion, and waterway dredging generate hundreds of millions of cubic meters of dredged sludge every year. This type of sludge typically has a water content between 80% and 95%, is large in volume, and highly mobile. If it is not reduced in volume, it will occupy a large amount of land for stockpiling, and the leachate can easily cause groundwater pollution.

[0003] A large amount of construction silt is generated during the construction of water conservancy projects. The silt has a high water content and high viscosity. If it is directly piled up, it will easily cause secondary pollution of water and soil and occupy a large area of ​​site. Therefore, the silt needs to be filtered and dehydrated.

[0004] Currently, traditional sludge filtration and water separation equipment used in water pollution control and treatment mostly adopts mechanical extrusion and filter screen filtration methods. These methods result in high overall energy consumption, complex equipment structures, and filter screens that are easily clogged by fine sludge particles. This requires frequent manual disassembly and cleaning, leading to a large workload for operation and maintenance. At the same time, conventional equipment cannot utilize natural energy sources, resulting in high operating costs. It also lacks an autonomous clogging mechanism, which can easily cause filtration failure with long-term use.

[0005] In addition, existing equipment has difficulties in discharging sludge, and the inner wall of the tank is prone to leaving hardened sludge, which further affects the efficiency of continuous operation and cannot meet the construction needs of simplified, energy-saving and automated construction sites in the field of water conservancy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of traditional sludge filtration and water separation equipment in water pollution control and treatment, which mostly adopt mechanical extrusion and filter screen filtration, resulting in high overall energy consumption, complex equipment structure, easy clogging of filter screens by fine sludge particles, frequent manual disassembly and cleaning, and a large workload of operation and maintenance. Therefore, this invention proposes a sludge filtration and water separation mechanism for water conservancy construction.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A sludge filtration and separation mechanism for hydraulic construction includes a sludge receiving tank, a sludge inlet connected to the outer side of the sludge receiving tank, a sludge outlet connected to the bottom side of the sludge receiving tank, a sealing cover provided on the sludge outlet, and four supporting feet provided at the bottom of the sludge receiving tank. It also includes: The sludge receiving tank is the main supporting cavity of the device, used to centrally store the sludge to be dewatered; the sludge inlet is responsible for the directional conveying of sludge; the sludge outlet works in conjunction with the sealing cover to realize the timed discharge and airtight sealing of dewatered sludge; the supporting feet stabilize the placement of the whole machine and buffer the vibration of the construction site.

[0008] A lifting sealing shell is slidably installed on the outside of the sludge receiving tank. A solar evaporation cover is provided on the top of the lifting sealing shell. An evaporation installation hole is opened on the top of the solar evaporation cover. A light-transmitting outer layer is provided inside the evaporation installation hole. The lifting and sealing shell can slide up and down to adjust the sealing space, forming a sealed evaporation environment; the solar evaporation cover gathers natural light, and the light-transmitting outer layer is light-transmitting and heat-insulating, ensuring internal heat absorption while isolating external dust and moisture.

[0009] A condensation guiding structure is set at the bottom of the lifting and sealing shell. The condensation guiding structure has a heat-absorbing inner layer structure inside, which is located below the light-transmitting outer layer. The heat-absorbing inner layer structure absorbs solar energy and converts it into heat energy, accelerating the evaporation of moisture inside the sludge; the condensation and flow guiding structure is responsible for the rapid cooling and liquefaction of water vapor, and guides and transports the condensate in a directional manner.

[0010] The water collection tank structure is located inside the lifting and sealing shell and below the condensation guide structure; The condensed water is collected centrally and transported in a unified manner, achieving centralized collection of clean water after mud-water separation.

[0011] A capillary suction mechanism is disposed inside the sludge receiving tank and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sludge receiving tank. The capillary suction mechanism is installed at the bottom of the condensation guide structure. Relying on the principle of capillary adsorption, it spontaneously extracts free water and bound water from the deep layer of sludge, achieving energy-free primary water filtration and continuously transporting water upwards for evaporation separation.

[0012] A bottom cleaning mechanism for the sludge container is installed on the sludge container and is used to clean the sludge on the inner wall of the bottom of the sludge container. Push and clean the deposited sludge at the bottom of the tank to prevent sludge accumulation and blockage, and ensure smooth sludge discharge.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the lifting sealing shell is provided with four electric cylinders, all of which are installed on the outside of the sludge receiving tank. A sealing strip is provided on the inside of the lifting sealing shell, and the solar evaporation cover is slidably connected to the outside of the sludge receiving tank through the sealing strip.

[0014] The electric cylinder drives the automatic lifting and lowering of the sealing shell to adapt to different sludge levels; the sealing strip improves the sealing performance of the sliding contact surface, reduces heat loss, and prevents steam leakage.

[0015] Preferably, the top of the lifting sealing shell is provided with four screw holes, and the top of the solar evaporation cover is provided with four screws, the screws cooperating with the screw holes.

[0016] The solar evaporation cover is fixed with screws and screw holes, which makes it easy to disassemble, inspect, replace parts, and maintain.

[0017] Preferably, the condensation guide structure includes a rectangular connecting shell, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the solar evaporation hood. A V-shaped condensation groove is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rectangular connecting shell, and multiple condensation guide pipes are connected to the bottom of the V-shaped condensation groove. The inclination angle of the V-shaped condensation groove is 45 degrees.

[0018] The rectangular connecting shell serves to fix and seal the water; the V-shaped condensation groove with a 45° inclination increases the condensation contact area, and the inclination angle enables the condensate to flow by gravity, which is combined with the condensation guide pipe to divert water at multiple points.

[0019] Preferably, the heat-absorbing inner layer structure includes a heat-absorbing plate, which is fixedly installed inside a rectangular connecting shell. Multiple black metal foils are embedded in the top of the heat-absorbing plate, and a raised drainage block is provided at the bottom of the heat-absorbing plate.

[0020] The black metal foil enhances light absorption efficiency and increases the ambient temperature inside the cavity; the raised drainage block helps condensate water droplets to gather and avoid water accumulation.

[0021] Preferably, the water collection tank structure includes a water collection tank, the top of which has multiple connecting holes, the condensate guide pipe is fixedly installed with the connecting holes, and a drain pipe is connected to the outside of the water collection tank, the drain pipe extending to the outside of the lifting sealing shell.

[0022] The connecting hole connects to the guide pipe, the water collection tank buffers and stores water, and the diversion pipe discharges the separated clean water to the outside, thus completing the separation of mud and water.

[0023] Preferably, the capillary suction mechanism includes a partition plate, which is slidably installed on the inner wall of the sludge receiving tank. A sealing ring is provided on the outer side of the partition plate. Multiple cylindrical carbon fiber felt strips are vertically installed on the partition plate. Each cylindrical carbon fiber felt strip has capillary pores on its outer side. The top of each cylindrical carbon fiber felt strip extends into the interior of the V-shaped condensation tank. The top of each cylindrical carbon fiber felt strip has a matching inclined surface that cooperates with the V-shaped condensation tank.

[0024] The isolation plate separates the sludge from the evaporation chamber to prevent sludge from overflowing; carbon fiber felt strips work with capillary pores to form a continuous capillary water transport channel; and the adaptable inclined surface fits the condensation structure to reduce water backflow.

[0025] Preferably, the capillary suction mechanism further includes a sludge scraping unit, which includes an annular scraper. The annular scraper is sleeved on the outside of the cylindrical carbon fiber felt strip. A memory metal spring is fixedly installed between the top of the annular scraper and the isolation plate. The memory metal spring is sleeved on the outside of the cylindrical carbon fiber felt strip. The bottom end of the memory metal spring is arc-shaped. The blade of the annular scraper is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, which does not damage the cylindrical carbon fiber felt strip.

[0026] Memory metal springs have temperature deformation characteristics, enabling automatic cleaning at high temperatures and automatic reset at low temperatures; PTFE ring scrapers flexibly remove sludge adhering to the surface of the felt strips, avoiding clogging of capillaries.

[0027] Preferably, the bottom cleaning mechanism of the sludge receiving tank includes an electric cylinder, which is installed on the outside of the sludge receiving tank. A mud-pushing plate is installed on the output shaft of the electric cylinder. The mud-pushing plate is slidably connected to the bottom inner wall of the sludge receiving tank. A mud-pushing slope is provided on the top of the mud-pushing plate.

[0028] The electric cylinder provides power, and the mud-pushing plate, together with the mud-pushing slope, scrapes and pushes the silt deposited at the bottom of the tank, assisting in the mud removal operation.

[0029] Preferably, a water quality purification and detection unit is provided on the outside of the drainage pipe, and the water quality purification and detection unit is provided with a purified water outlet.

[0030] The separated water is subjected to impurity testing and simple purification treatment to ensure that the discharged water quality meets the standards. After purification, it is discharged uniformly through the clean water outlet.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the sludge filtration and water separation mechanism for water conservancy construction described in this invention are as follows: 1. Innovative self-sustaining water intake without power: It adopts cylindrical carbon fiber felt strips with capillary structure, and relies on capillary physical force to autonomously adsorb and transport water inside the sludge upward. It does not require external power such as electricity or water pumps, and can achieve continuous water intake and filtration around the clock without power, which greatly reduces the energy consumption of operation.

[0032] 2. Innovative solar energy-saving technology for concentrating heat and evaporation: It integrates a concentrating arc cover, a light-transmitting outer layer and a heat-absorbing inner layer composite structure to focus natural light and enhance light energy absorption. It uses solar energy as the heat source for water evaporation, replacing the traditional mechanical extrusion and electric heating dehydration methods. It is suitable for outdoor water conservancy construction scenarios without mains power, and is green and energy-saving.

[0033] 3. Temperature-sensing adaptive anti-clogging and self-cleaning innovation: The unique ring scraper structure driven by a memory metal spring relies on the temperature deformation characteristics. It automatically moves downward at high temperatures to scrape away sludge and impurities on the surface of the felt strip, and automatically resets at low temperatures. No electrical control or manual intervention is required, which solves the industry pain points of easy clogging and frequent cleaning of water filter components from the root.

[0034] 4. Innovative inclined gravity-type high-efficiency condensation guide: It adopts a composite structure of large-angle V-shaped condensation tank, multi-point guide pipe, and raised guide block to increase the contact area of ​​steam condensation. It uses the principle of gravity flow to quickly collect condensate, resulting in high liquefaction efficiency, smooth drainage, and improved mud-water separation efficiency.

[0035] 5. Innovative liftable sealed constant temperature chamber: The automatically liftable sealed shell, combined with the sealing structure, forms a closed and independent evaporation chamber, reducing internal heat loss, preventing steam leakage, stabilizing the working temperature inside the chamber, and ensuring continuous stability of evaporation and condensation conditions.

[0036] 6. Innovative flexible and non-destructive scraping structure: The flexible scraper blade made of polytetrafluoroethylene effectively removes adhering sludge while avoiding damage to the carbon fiber absorbent substrate from hard scraping, thus balancing the cleaning effect with the service life of the core components.

[0037] 7. Integrated innovation of mud-water separation: It integrates capillary water absorption, solar evaporation, condensation and water collection, water quality testing, automatic mud discharge, and tank dredging functions into one integrated system to complete mud reduction and clean water collection and discharge in compliance with standards. The equipment has a high degree of integration and the process is compact.

[0038] 8. Innovative automatic sludge removal and anti-accumulation mechanism at the bottom of the tank; equipped with a pusher-type bottom cleaning mechanism, which can automatically push away the hardened residual sludge at the bottom of the tank, prevent sludge from accumulating and hardening, ensure smooth discharge of dewatered sludge, and meet the needs of continuous and large-scale sludge treatment operations.

[0039] 9. Innovative Layered and Zonal Functional Layout: Adopting a layered layout with upper-layer light-concentrating evaporation, middle-layer condensation and flow guidance, and lower-layer water and sludge storage, the temperature zone, humidity zone, and solid-liquid zone are rationally divided, resulting in a compact structure and enhanced equipment operational stability and adaptability. This invention utilizes a combination of capillary water absorption and solar evaporation and condensation to achieve mud-water separation, requiring no additional energy consumption, making it energy-saving and environmentally friendly. It features a temperature-sensing self-cleaning structure to effectively prevent clogging and reduce manual maintenance. Combined with a sealed heat collection chamber and an automatic bottom sludge removal component, it achieves excellent dehydration and smooth sludge discharge, solving the problems of easy clogging, high energy consumption, and environmental pollution associated with traditional equipment in water pollution control and treatment. It is also suitable for field water conservancy construction. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a silt filtration and water separation mechanism for water conservancy construction proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of a silt filtration and water separation mechanism for water conservancy construction proposed in this invention. Figure 3 This is a bottom view schematic diagram of a silt filtration and water separation mechanism for water conservancy construction proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This invention provides a structural schematic diagram of the lifting sealing shell, electric cylinder, sealing strip, and screw holes. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the heat-absorbing inner layer structure, the condensation guiding structure, and the water collection tank structure proposed in this invention. Figure 6A bottom view schematic diagram of the heat-absorbing inner layer structure, condensation guiding structure, and water collection tank structure proposed in this invention; Figure 7 This invention provides a structural schematic diagram of a solar evaporation cover, screws, evaporation mounting holes, and a light-transmitting outer layer; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the heat-absorbing inner layer structure proposed in this invention; Figure 9 This is a bottom view schematic diagram of the heat-absorbing inner layer structure proposed in this invention; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the condensation guiding structure proposed in this invention; Figure 11 This is a bottom view schematic diagram of the condensation guiding structure proposed in this invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the water collection tank structure proposed in this invention; Figure 13 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the condensation guiding structure and the capillary suction mechanism. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the capillary suction mechanism proposed in this invention; Figure 15 A bottom view of the capillary suction mechanism proposed in this invention is provided. Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cleaning mechanism at the bottom of the receiving tank proposed in this invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light-concentrating arc cover proposed in this invention.

[0041] In the diagram: 1. Sludge receiving tank; 11. Sludge inlet; 12. Sludge outlet; 13. Support foot; 121. Sealing cover; 2. Lifting sealing shell; 21. Electric cylinder; 22. Solar evaporation hood; 221. Screw; 23. Evaporation mounting hole; 24. Translucent outer layer; 25. Sealing strip; 26. Screw hole; 3. Heat-absorbing inner layer structure; 31. Heat-absorbing plate; 32. Black metal foil; 33. Raised drainage block; 4. Condensation guiding structure; 41. Rectangular connecting shell; 42. V-shaped 43. Condensation tank; 5. Condensation guide pipe; 6. Water collection tank structure; 7. Water collection tank; 8. Connecting hole; 9. Drainage pipe; 10. Capillary suction mechanism; 11. Isolation plate; 12. Cylindrical carbon fiber felt strip; 13. Capillary pore; 14. Adaptive inclined surface; 15. Memory metal spring; 16. Annular scraper; 17. Bottom cleaning mechanism of the receiving tank; 18. Electric cylinder; 19. Sludge pusher; 20. Sludge pusher inclined surface; 10. Water quality purification and testing unit; 11. Clean water outlet; 22. Concentrating arc cover. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions in this embodiment will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this embodiment, and not all embodiments.

[0043] Example 1 Reference Figures 1-15 A sludge filtration and separation mechanism for hydraulic construction includes a sludge receiving tank 1. A sludge inlet 11 is connected to the outer side of the sludge receiving tank 1, and a sludge outlet 12 is connected to the bottom side of the sludge receiving tank 1. A sealing cover 121 is installed on the sludge outlet 12. Four supporting feet 13 are installed at the bottom of the sludge receiving tank 1. The sludge receiving tank 1 serves as the integral supporting cavity of the device, used to store sludge to be dewatered. The sludge inlet 11 is used for sludge feeding and conveying. The sludge outlet 12, in conjunction with the sealing cover 121, enables controlled discharge of dewatered sludge. The supporting feet 13 ensure stable placement of the equipment.

[0044] Specifically, during construction, the operator pumps the high-moisture-content construction sludge into the sludge receiving tank 1 through the sludge inlet 11 and stores it to the set working liquid level; the feed valve is closed, and the lifting sealing shell 2 is used to close and form a sealed cavity, isolating it from external environmental interference and creating closed conditions for natural water filtration and solar evaporation.

[0045] Also includes: A lifting and sealing shell 2 is slidably installed on the outside of the sludge receiving tank 1. A solar evaporation hood 22 is provided on the top of the lifting and sealing shell 2. An evaporation installation hole 23 is opened on the top of the solar evaporation hood 22, and a light-transmitting outer layer 24 is provided inside the evaporation installation hole 23. The lifting and sealing shell 2 can slide up and down to form a sealed space with the cavity, reducing heat loss. The solar evaporation hood 22 is used to concentrate natural light, and the light-transmitting outer layer 24 is light-transmitting and dust-proof, ensuring a stable internal heat collection environment.

[0046] A condensation guiding structure 4 is located at the bottom of the lifting sealing shell 2. Inside the condensation guiding structure 4 is a heat-absorbing inner layer structure 3, which is positioned below the light-transmitting outer layer 24. The heat-absorbing inner layer structure 3 absorbs solar energy to generate heat, accelerating water evaporation. The condensation guiding structure 4 can quickly condense and liquefy water vapor and guide the condensate in a directional manner.

[0047] The water collection tank structure 5 is located inside the lifting sealing shell 2 and below the condensation guide structure 4. It is used to collect the condensed clean water in a unified manner, realizing the centralized collection and transportation of water after mud-water separation.

[0048] A capillary suction mechanism 6 is disposed inside the sludge receiving tank 1 and slidably connected to the inner wall of the sludge receiving tank 1. The capillary suction mechanism 6 is installed at the bottom of the condensation guiding structure 4. Relying on the principle of capillary osmosis, it spontaneously extracts water from the inside of the sludge without additional energy consumption, and continuously provides a water source for evaporation separation.

[0049] The bottom cleaning mechanism 7 of the sludge receiving tank is installed on the sludge receiving tank 1 and is used to clean the sludge on the inner wall of the bottom of the sludge receiving tank 1. It can automatically push and clean the sludge that has accumulated on the bottom plate of the tank, avoid sludge accumulation and blockage, and improve sludge discharge efficiency.

[0050] Reference Figure 7 In this embodiment, four electric cylinders 21 are installed at the bottom of the lifting sealing shell 2, and all four electric cylinders 21 are installed on the outside of the sludge receiving tank 1. A sealing strip 25 is provided on the inner side of the lifting sealing shell 2. The solar evaporation cover 22 is slidably connected to the outside of the sludge receiving tank 1 through the sealing strip 25. The electric cylinders 21 drive the lifting sealing shell 2 to adjust its height to adapt to different sludge working liquid levels. The sealing strip 25 improves the sealing performance of the sliding position, preventing steam leakage and heat loss. Four screw holes 26 are provided on the top of the lifting sealing shell 2, and four screws 221 are provided on the top of the solar evaporation cover 22. The screws 221 cooperate with the screw holes 26. The bolt disassembly and assembly structure facilitates the disassembly, inspection, and replacement of parts of the solar evaporation cover 22, making maintenance simple and convenient.

[0051] Reference Figure 10 , Figure 11 In this embodiment, the condensation guiding structure 4 includes a rectangular connecting shell 41, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the solar evaporation hood 22. A V-shaped condensation groove 42 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rectangular connecting shell 41, and multiple condensation guiding pipes 43 are connected to the bottom of the V-shaped condensation groove 42. The V-shaped condensation groove 42 has an inclination angle of 45 degrees. The rectangular connecting shell 41 serves a fixing and sealing function, the inclined V-shaped condensation groove 42 increases the condensation contact area, and the inclined surface allows condensate to automatically slide off. The condensation guiding pipes 43 facilitate diversion and drainage.

[0052] Reference Figure 8 , Figure 9 In this embodiment, the heat-absorbing inner layer structure 3 includes a heat-absorbing plate 31, which is fixedly installed inside a rectangular connecting shell 41. Multiple black metal foils 32 are embedded in the top of the heat-absorbing plate 31, and a raised drainage block 33 is provided at the bottom of the heat-absorbing plate 31. The black metal foils 32 significantly improve light energy absorption efficiency and rapidly increase the temperature inside the cavity, while the raised drainage block 33 assists in the collection of water droplets, preventing localized water accumulation.

[0053] Specifically, during the day, natural light shines through the light-transmitting outer layer 24 onto the heat-absorbing inner layer structure 3; the heat-absorbing plate 31, together with the black metal foil 32, efficiently absorbs light energy and converts it into heat energy, continuously increasing the internal ambient temperature of the condensation and flow guiding structure 4; under high temperature conditions, the moisture adsorbed at the top of the carbon fiber felt strip 62 is rapidly heated and evaporates, forming a large amount of water vapor.

[0054] Reference Figure 12 In this embodiment, the water collection tank structure 5 includes a water collection tank 51. The top of the water collection tank 51 has multiple connecting holes 52. The condensate drain pipe 43 is fixedly installed with the connecting holes 52. A drain pipe 53 is connected to the outside of the water collection tank 51, extending to the outside of the lifting sealing shell 2. The connecting holes 52 enable precise pipe connection, the water collection tank 51 buffers and stores water, and the drain pipe 53 discharges the separated clean water outwards.

[0055] Reference Figure 14 , Figure 15 In this embodiment, the capillary suction mechanism 6 includes an isolation plate 61, which is slidably installed on the inner wall of the sludge receiving tank 1. A sealing ring is provided on the outer side of the isolation plate 61. Multiple cylindrical carbon fiber felt strips 62 are vertically installed on the isolation plate 61, and each cylindrical carbon fiber felt strip 62 has capillary holes 63 on its outer side. The top of each cylindrical carbon fiber felt strip 62 extends into the interior of the V-shaped condensation tank 42, and a matching inclined surface 64 is provided on the top of the cylindrical carbon fiber felt strip 62, which cooperates with the V-shaped condensation tank 42. The isolation plate 61 isolates the sludge from the upper evaporation chamber to prevent sludge overflow. The cylindrical carbon fiber felt strips 62, together with the capillary holes 63, form a continuous water absorption channel. The matching inclined surface 64 fits the condensation structure to reduce water backflow.

[0056] Specifically, the lower end of the cylindrical carbon fiber felt strip 62 is completely immersed in the silt. Relying on the capillary adsorption formed by the micropores of its own material and the capillary pores 63 on the outside, it spontaneously adsorbs free water and shallow bound water in the silt. The water continuously rises along the longitudinal structure of the felt strip, and the water is continuously transported around the clock without energy consumption. The water is transported to the top of the felt strip in about 30 minutes, providing a stable water source for subsequent evaporation and vaporization.

[0057] The water vapor generated by evaporation comes into contact with the inner wall of the V-shaped condensation tank 42, which has a relatively lower temperature, and is rapidly cooled and liquefied, condensing into tiny water droplets. The water droplets naturally slide down and gather due to the 45° inclined structure. After being collected by the protruding guide block 33, they are diverted and transported through multiple sets of condensation guide pipes 43, and then flow into the water collection tank 51 for storage through the connecting hole 52.

[0058] Reference Figure 14 , Figure 15In this embodiment, the capillary suction mechanism 6 further includes a sludge scraping unit, which includes an annular scraper 66. The annular scraper 66 is sleeved on the outside of the cylindrical carbon fiber felt strip 62. A memory metal spring 65 is fixedly installed between the top of the annular scraper 66 and the isolation plate 61. The memory metal spring 65 is sleeved on the outside of the cylindrical carbon fiber felt strip 62, and the bottom end of the memory metal spring 65 is arc-shaped. The blade of the annular scraper 66 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) to avoid damaging the cylindrical carbon fiber felt strip 62. The memory metal spring 65 has temperature-sensitive deformation capability, enabling automatic cleaning at high temperatures and automatic reset at low temperatures. The flexible annular scraper 66 can gently scrape away the sludge on the surface of the felt strip, preventing the capillary pores 63 from becoming clogged.

[0059] Specifically, when the intensity of daylight increases and the internal temperature of the cavity continues to rise, the memory metal spring 65 deforms and elongates under the action of high temperature, pushing the annular scraper 66 to slide downward as a whole; the flexible annular scraper 66 fits against the outer wall of the cylindrical carbon fiber felt strip 62, scraping off the silt, impurities and flocculent matter adhering to the surface, preventing the capillary pores 63 from being blocked, and ensuring that the water conveyance channel is unobstructed.

[0060] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 16 In this embodiment, the bottom cleaning mechanism 7 of the sludge receiving tank includes an electric cylinder 71, which is installed on the outside of the sludge receiving tank 1. A mud-pushing plate 72 is mounted on the output shaft of the electric cylinder 71. The mud-pushing plate 72 is slidably connected to the bottom inner wall of the sludge receiving tank 1, and a mud-pushing inclined surface 73 is provided on the top of the mud-pushing plate 72. The electric cylinder 71 provides linear thrust, and the mud-pushing plate 72, in conjunction with the mud-pushing inclined surface 73, thoroughly scrapes and pushes the sludge at the bottom of the tank, ensuring smooth sludge discharge.

[0061] Specifically, after the sludge dewatering is completed, the sealing cover 121 at the sludge outlet 12 is opened; the electric cylinder 71 is started, driving the mud pusher 72 to slide horizontally, and in conjunction with the mud pusher slope 73, the sludge at the bottom of the sludge receiving tank 1 is pushed as a whole, accelerating the discharge of the dewatered sludge, completing a single operation cycle, and the sludge filtration treatment can be carried out continuously and repeatedly.

[0062] Reference Figure 2 In this embodiment, a water quality purification and detection unit 8 is provided on the outside of the drainage pipe 53, and the water quality purification and detection unit 8 is provided with a clean water outlet 81. The separated clean water can be tested and subjected to simple purification treatment to ensure that the discharged water meets the standards.

[0063] Working principle: On a sunny morning, the operator pumps high-moisture sludge into the sludge receiving tank 1 through the sludge inlet 11 to maintain a reasonable working liquid level. The lower end of the cylindrical carbon fiber felt strip 62 is completely submerged in the sludge. Relying on its own material properties and the capillary force formed by the surface capillaries 63, it spontaneously adsorbs the free water inside the sludge. The water continuously rises along the felt strip and is gradually transported to the evaporation area at the top of the device.

[0064] Natural light, after being concentrated by the concentrating arc cover 9, penetrates the light-transmitting outer layer 24 and irradiates the heat-absorbing inner structure 3. The heat-absorbing plate 31 and the black metal foil 32 work together to absorb light energy and convert it into heat energy, causing the internal temperature of the condensation guide structure 4 to rise steadily. The moisture transported at the top of the felt strip evaporates rapidly upon heating, forming water vapor. The high-temperature water vapor liquefies rapidly upon contact with the cooler inner wall of the V-shaped condensation tank 42, condensing into fine water droplets. These droplets flow naturally downwards along the V-shaped inclined surface, are collected by the protruding guide block 33, and are guided by the condensation guide pipe 43, passing through the connecting hole 52 and flowing into the water collection tank 51.

[0065] The clean water in the water collection tank 51 is transported to the water quality purification and testing unit 8 through the diversion pipe 53. After completing the water quality testing and purification treatment, it is finally discharged stably from the clean water outlet 81, achieving efficient separation of sludge and water.

[0066] As daytime sunlight intensifies, the internal temperature of the device rises continuously. The shape memory metal spring 65 deforms and elongates under the high temperature, pushing the annular scraper 66 downwards to thoroughly scrape away the silt, impurities, and flocculent material adhering to the outer wall of the cylindrical carbon fiber felt strip 62. This prevents blockage of the capillary pores 63 and ensures the long-term unobstructed flow of the capillary water absorption channels. When sunlight weakens and the ambient temperature drops, the shape memory metal spring 65 automatically returns to its initial shape, causing the annular scraper 66 to return to its original position, and the unblocking operation automatically stops.

[0067] After the sludge has been dewatered and its volume reduced, the sealing cover 121 on the outside of the sludge outlet 12 is opened, the electric cylinder 71 is started, and the pusher plate 72 is driven to slide horizontally. The pusher slope 73 is used to push the dewatered sludge remaining and hardened at the bottom of the sludge receiving tank 1, which helps the sludge to be discharged quickly and completes a single water filtration operation.

[0068] The equipment relies on solar energy to complete evaporation and dehydration, with low energy consumption throughout the process, and can be continuously used for silt filtration and water treatment in water conservancy construction.

[0069] Example 2 Reference Figure 17 The rest of the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment, except that the top of the sludge receiving tank 1 is provided with a light-concentrating arc cover 9. The light-concentrating arc cover 9 concentrates sunlight at the position of the light-transmitting outer layer 24, thereby improving the heat absorption capacity of the heat-absorbing plate 31 and improving the evaporation effect.

[0070] The concentrating arc cover 9 gathers natural light, enhances light energy utilization, increases internal evaporation temperature, and accelerates sludge dewatering efficiency.

[0071] All structural shapes, sizes, and materials included in Embodiment 1 in this application can be selected and adjusted to meet specific usage needs. The accompanying drawings are schematic structural diagrams, and the actual dimensions can be appropriately adjusted.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this practice, but the scope of protection of this embodiment is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this embodiment, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of this embodiment, should be covered within the scope of protection of this embodiment.

Claims

1. A silt filtration and water separation mechanism for water conservancy construction, comprising a silt receiving tank (1), wherein a silt inlet (11) is connected to the outer side of the silt receiving tank (1), and a silt outlet (12) is connected to the bottom side of the silt receiving tank (1), wherein a sealing cap (121) is provided on the silt outlet (12), characterized in that, The bottom of the sludge receiving tank (1) is provided with four supporting feet (13), and also includes: The lifting sealing shell (2) is slidably installed on the outside of the sludge receiving tank (1). A solar evaporation cover (22) is provided on the top of the lifting sealing shell (2). An evaporation installation hole (23) is opened on the top of the solar evaporation cover (22). A light-transmitting outer layer (24) is provided inside the evaporation installation hole (23). A condensation guiding structure (4) is set at the bottom of the lifting sealing shell (2). The condensation guiding structure (4) has a heat-absorbing inner layer structure (3) inside, which is located below the light-transmitting outer layer (24). The water collection tank structure (5) is set inside the lifting sealing shell (2) and located below the condensation guide structure (4); The capillary suction mechanism (6) is set inside the sludge receiving tank (1) and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sludge receiving tank (1). The capillary suction mechanism (6) is installed at the bottom of the condensation guide structure (4). The bottom cleaning mechanism (7) of the silt container is installed on the silt container (1) and is used to clean the silt on the bottom inner wall of the silt container (1).

2. The sludge filtration and water separation mechanism for water conservancy construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the lifting sealing shell (2) is provided with four electric cylinders (21), all of which are installed on the outside of the sludge receiving tank (1). The inner side of the lifting sealing shell (2) is provided with a sealing strip (25), and the solar evaporation cover (22) is slidably connected to the outside of the sludge receiving tank (1) through the sealing strip (25).

3. The sludge filtration and water separation mechanism for water conservancy construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the lifting sealing shell (2) is provided with four screw holes (26), and the top of the solar evaporation cover (22) is provided with four screws (221), which are matched with the screw holes (26).

4. A sludge filtration and water separation mechanism for water conservancy construction according to claim 3, characterized in that, The condensation guide structure (4) includes a rectangular connecting shell (41), which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the solar evaporation hood (22). The bottom of the rectangular connecting shell (41) is fixedly connected to a V-shaped condensation groove (42), and the bottom of the V-shaped condensation groove (42) is connected to multiple condensation guide pipes (43). The inclination angle of the V-shaped condensation groove (42) is 45 degrees.

5. A sludge filtration and water separation mechanism for water conservancy construction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heat-absorbing inner layer structure (3) includes a heat-absorbing plate (31), which is fixedly installed inside a rectangular connecting shell (41). Multiple black metal foils (32) are embedded in the top of the heat-absorbing plate (31), and a protruding drainage block (33) is provided at the bottom of the heat-absorbing plate (31).

6. A sludge filtration and water separation mechanism for water conservancy construction according to claim 5, characterized in that, The water collection tank structure (5) includes a water collection tank (51), and the top of the water collection tank (51) is provided with multiple connecting holes (52). The condensate guide pipe (43) is fixedly installed with the connecting holes (52). The outside of the water collection tank (51) is connected to a drain pipe (53), and the drain pipe (53) extends to the outside of the lifting sealing shell (2).

7. A silt filtration and water separation mechanism for water conservancy construction according to claim 6, characterized in that, The capillary suction mechanism (6) includes a partition plate (61), which is slidably installed on the inner wall of the sludge receiving tank (1). A sealing ring is provided on the outer side of the partition plate (61). Multiple cylindrical carbon fiber felt strips (62) are vertically installed on the partition plate (61). Capillary holes (63) are provided on the outer side of each of the multiple cylindrical carbon fiber felt strips (62). The top of the cylindrical carbon fiber felt strips (62) extends into the interior of the V-shaped condensation tank (42). An adapting inclined surface (64) is provided on the top of the cylindrical carbon fiber felt strips (62). The adapting inclined surface (64) cooperates with the V-shaped condensation tank (42).

8. A silt filtration and water separation mechanism for water conservancy construction according to claim 7, characterized in that, The capillary suction mechanism (6) also includes a sludge scraping unit, which includes an annular scraper (66). The annular scraper (66) is sleeved on the outside of the cylindrical carbon fiber felt strip (62). A memory metal spring (65) is fixedly installed between the top of the annular scraper (66) and the isolation plate (61). The memory metal spring (65) is sleeved on the outside of the cylindrical carbon fiber felt strip (62). The bottom end of the memory metal spring (65) is arc-shaped. The blade of the annular scraper (66) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, which does not damage the cylindrical carbon fiber felt strip (62).

9. A sludge filtration and water separation mechanism for water conservancy construction according to claim 8, characterized in that, The bottom cleaning mechanism (7) of the sludge container includes an electric cylinder (71), which is installed on the outside of the sludge container (1). A mud-pushing plate (72) is installed on the output shaft of the electric cylinder (71). The mud-pushing plate (72) is slidably connected to the bottom inner wall of the sludge container (1). A mud-pushing inclined surface (73) is provided on the top of the mud-pushing plate (72).

10. A silt filtration and water separation mechanism for water conservancy construction according to claim 9, characterized in that, A water quality purification and detection unit (8) is provided on the outside of the drainage pipe (53), and a clean water outlet (81) is provided on the water quality purification and detection unit (8).

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