Tunnel comprehensive waterproof and drainage construction system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology and provides a comprehensive tunnel waterproofing and drainage construction system, comprising: a field sensing layer, a data transmission layer, and a central processing and decision-making layer; the field sensing layer is used to collect tunnel waterproofing and drainage parameters; the data transmission layer is used to establish a data transmission link between the field sensing layer and the central processing and decision-making layer, transmitting the data collected by the field sensing layer to the central processing and decision-making layer; the central processing and decision-making layer integrates an expert knowledge base and a data analysis and early warning model, used to receive and analyze waterproofing and drainage parameters, and generate early warning information and corresponding response plans when the waterproofing and drainage parameters exceed a set threshold. This configuration transforms tunnel waterproofing and drainage from a "passive response" to "active prevention and control," and from "post-event handling" of leaks to "pre-event early warning and in-event control," which is beneficial for further improving the waterproofing reliability, drainage efficiency, and long-term stability of tunnels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a comprehensive tunnel drainage and waterproofing construction system. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the continuous improvement of transportation infrastructure, tunnel engineering plays an increasingly important role in modern transportation networks. As an important transportation hub connecting different regions, the safety and durability of tunnel structures are directly related to the normal operation of the entire transportation system.

[0003] During the construction and long-term operation of tunnel projects, groundwater-induced defects have always been a core problem restricting the structural safety and service life of tunnels. Groundwater not only accelerates the aging process of structures such as concrete lining carbonization and steel reinforcement corrosion, but also significantly increases operation and maintenance costs, and even directly threatens traffic safety. Traditional drainage systems mostly employ single drainage measures such as waterproof membranes, blind drains, and drainage pipes.

[0004] However, in practical applications, it has been found that the stability of the waterproof membrane, as the core waterproof barrier, is constrained by both construction quality and material properties. Furthermore, drainage systems can be clogged due to various factors, leading to decreased drainage efficiency or even drainage failure. These constraints make traditional waterproofing and drainage systems ill-suited for handling leakage risks under complex geological conditions, resulting in frequent water accumulation and leakage problems that seriously threaten the safety of tunnel structures.

[0005] In view of the above problems, how to further improve the waterproof reliability, drainage efficiency and long-term stability of tunnels has become an important technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a comprehensive tunnel waterproofing and drainage construction system to address the shortcomings of existing waterproofing and drainage systems in dealing with leakage risks under complex geological conditions, thereby further improving the waterproofing reliability, drainage efficiency, and long-term stability of tunnels.

[0007] This invention provides a comprehensive tunnel drainage and waterproofing construction system, comprising: a field sensing layer, a data transmission layer, and a central processing and decision-making layer; The field sensing layer is used to collect the tunnel's drainage and waterproofing parameters; The data transmission layer is used to construct the data transmission link between the field perception layer and the central processing and decision-making layer, and to transmit the data collected by the field perception layer to the central processing and decision-making layer. The central processing and decision-making layer integrates an expert knowledge base and a data analysis and early warning model, which is used to receive and analyze the flood control and drainage parameters, and generate early warning information and corresponding response plans when the flood control and drainage parameters exceed the set threshold.

[0008] According to the present invention, a tunnel integrated drainage and waterproofing construction system includes a field sensing layer comprising: The surrounding rock condition and initial support monitoring module is used to monitor the water inflow, water pressure, crack development and deformation convergence between the surrounding rock and initial support around the tunnel. The waterproofing layer monitoring module is used to monitor the construction quality and damage of the waterproofing membrane. A drainage monitoring module is disposed on the drainage structure to monitor the drainage flow of the drainage structure.

[0009] According to the present invention, a tunnel integrated drainage and waterproofing construction system is provided, wherein the surrounding rock condition and initial support monitoring module includes: A piezometer is installed between the surrounding rock around the tunnel and the initial support to monitor the external water pressure of the initial support. A flow meter, installed in a temporary drainage ditch, is used to monitor changes in the total inflow. Deformation monitoring equipment is used to monitor the deformation of the surrounding rock and / or the initial support around the tunnel.

[0010] According to a tunnel integrated waterproofing and drainage construction system provided by the present invention, the waterproof membrane is laid between the initial support and the secondary lining; The waterproof layer monitoring module includes: A pressure monitoring system is used to monitor the airtightness between the waterproof membrane and the initial support. An electric spark tester is used to continuously inspect the joints of waterproof membranes. Tension sensors are used to monitor the tension force on the waterproof membrane on the laying trolley.

[0011] According to the present invention, a tunnel integrated waterproofing and drainage construction system is provided, wherein the drainage structure includes: Circumferential blind pipes are arranged circumferentially along the tunnel, and multiple circumferential blind pipes are arranged alternately along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel; Longitudinal blind pipes are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The drainage ditch / pipe, the outlet ends of the circumferential blind pipe and the longitudinal blind pipe are all connected to the drainage ditch / pipe.

[0012] According to the present invention, a tunnel integrated drainage and waterproofing construction system is provided, wherein the drainage monitoring module includes: A flow meter is installed at the outlet of the circumferential blind pipe, the longitudinal blind pipe, and the drainage ditch / pipe to monitor the drainage volume of each section. Pressure sensors are installed at key locations in the circumferential blind pipe and the longitudinal blind pipe to monitor water pressure.

[0013] According to the integrated drainage and waterproofing construction system for tunnels provided by the present invention, the drainage monitoring module further includes: A video endoscope is used to periodically image and inspect the interior of the drainage structure to monitor siltation and crystallization.

[0014] According to the integrated drainage and waterproofing construction system for tunnels provided by the present invention, the field sensing layer further includes an environmental monitoring module for monitoring environmental parameters within the tunnel.

[0015] The tunnel integrated waterproofing and drainage construction system provided by the present invention further includes: The execution and control layer is communicatively connected to the central processing and decision-making layer, and is used to execute corresponding countermeasures based on the response plan output by the central processing and decision-making layer.

[0016] A tunnel integrated drainage and waterproofing construction system provided by the present invention further includes a user interaction layer; the user interaction layer includes: The web / mobile monitoring screen is used to display the tunnel's drainage and waterproofing status, early warning information, and construction progress. The report generation module is used to generate daily reports, weekly reports, and quality assessment reports; The alarm push module is used to send alarm information.

[0017] The integrated tunnel waterproofing and drainage construction system provided by this invention features a field perception layer that monitors tunnel waterproofing and drainage parameters in real time. These parameters are then transmitted to a central processing and decision-making layer via a data transmission layer. This central processing and decision-making layer integrates an expert knowledge base covering various water hazard types and a multi-parameter fusion data analysis and early warning model. When waterproofing and drainage parameters exceed set thresholds, an early warning is issued, outputting warning information including risk level, location, and type, along with corresponding response plans. Based on the warning information and response plans, staff can quickly identify, locate, and resolve risk points. Compared to related technologies, by constructing a systematic integration and intelligent monitoring system of "field perception layer - data transmission layer - central processing and decision-making layer," the system can monitor tunnel waterproofing and drainage in real time, facilitating rapid identification, location, and resolution of corresponding waterproofing and drainage risks. This transforms tunnel waterproofing and drainage from "passive response" to "active prevention and control," and from "post-event handling" of leaks to "pre-event warning and in-event control," thereby further improving the waterproofing reliability, drainage efficiency, and long-term stability of tunnels. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the tunnel integrated waterproofing and drainage construction system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tunnel structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure label: 11. On-site perception layer; 111. Surrounding rock condition and initial support monitoring module; 112. Waterproofing layer monitoring module; 113. Drainage monitoring module; 114. Environmental monitoring module; 12. Data transmission layer; 13. Central processing and decision-making layer; 131. Expert knowledge base; 132. Data analysis and early warning model; 14. Execution and control layer; 15. User interaction layer; 21. Initial support; 22. Secondary lining; 23. Waterproofing membrane; 24. Circumferential blind pipe; 25. Longitudinal blind pipe; 26. Drainage ditch / pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0023] To better understand the tunnel integrated waterproofing and drainage construction system provided in the embodiments of the present invention, its application background is first introduced. During the construction and long-term operation of tunnel projects, the damage caused by groundwater has always been the core problem restricting the safety and service life of tunnel structures. Traditional waterproofing and drainage systems mostly adopt single waterproofing and drainage measures such as waterproof boards, blind ditches, and drainage pipes.

[0024] However, in practical applications, it has been found that the stability of the waterproof membrane, as the core waterproof barrier, is constrained by both construction quality and material properties. Furthermore, drainage systems can be clogged due to various factors, leading to decreased drainage efficiency or even drainage failure. These constraints make traditional waterproofing and drainage systems ill-suited for handling leakage risks under complex geological conditions, resulting in frequent water accumulation and leakage problems that seriously threaten the safety of tunnel structures.

[0025] In view of the above problems and findings, embodiments of the present invention provide a comprehensive tunnel waterproofing and drainage construction system that can improve the waterproofing reliability, drainage efficiency and long-term stability of tunnels.

[0026] The following is combined Figures 1 to 2 The present invention describes a tunnel integrated drainage and waterproofing construction system.

[0027] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A comprehensive tunnel drainage and waterproofing construction system includes a field sensing layer 11, a data transmission layer 12, and a central processing and decision-making layer 13. The field sensing layer 11 is used to collect drainage and waterproofing parameters of the tunnel. The data transmission layer 12 is used to establish a data transmission link between the field sensing layer 11 and the central processing and decision-making layer 13, transmitting the drainage and waterproofing parameters collected by the field sensing layer 11 to the central processing and decision-making layer 13. The central processing and decision-making layer 13 integrates an expert knowledge base 131 and a data analysis and early warning model 132, used to receive and analyze the drainage and waterproofing parameters, and generate early warning information and corresponding response plans when the drainage and waterproofing parameters exceed a set threshold.

[0028] In practical applications, the field perception layer 11 can monitor the tunnel's drainage and waterproofing parameters in real time, and transmit these parameters to the central processing and decision-making layer 13 via the data transmission layer 12. The central processing and decision-making layer 13 integrates an expert knowledge base 131 covering various types of water hazards and a multi-parameter fusion data analysis and early warning model 132. When the drainage and waterproofing parameters exceed the set threshold, an early warning is issued, and early warning information including risk level, location, and type, as well as corresponding response plans, are output. Based on the early warning information and response plans, staff can quickly investigate, locate, and resolve risk points.

[0029] Compared to related technologies, by constructing a systematic integration and intelligent monitoring system consisting of "on-site perception layer 11 - data transmission layer 12 - central processing and decision-making layer 13", the tunnel's waterproofing and drainage status can be monitored in real time. This allows staff to quickly identify, locate, and resolve corresponding waterproofing and drainage risks, transforming tunnel waterproofing and drainage from "passive response" to "active prevention and control" and from "post-event handling" of leaks to "pre-event warning and in-event control". This is conducive to further improving the tunnel's waterproofing reliability, drainage efficiency, and long-term stability.

[0030] It should be noted that the tunnel structure as a whole includes the initial support 21 and the secondary lining 22. The initial support 21 refers to the support structure that is constructed immediately after the tunnel is excavated. It is mostly shotcrete and is used to control the deformation of the surrounding rock and ensure construction safety. The secondary lining 22 refers to the permanent lining constructed after the initial support 21 has stabilized. It is used to provide a structure that can withstand long-term loads, waterproofing, durability and adapt to operational needs. The secondary lining 22 contains a crystalline waterproofing agent, which accounts for 3% of the mass of the cementitious material.

[0031] A waterproof membrane 23 is installed between the initial support 21 and the secondary lining 22 to form a continuous waterproof barrier between them, preventing water seepage into the secondary lining 22. The waterproof membrane 23 has a thickness ≥1.5mm and a tensile strength ≥20MPa. The overlap between the waterproof membranes 23 is achieved by hot-melt welding, with an overlap width ≥100mm and a welding temperature of 200±10℃. After welding, the waterproof membrane 23 is inflated at a pressure of 0.2MPa and maintained for 5 minutes without leakage.

[0032] The tunnel is also equipped with a drainage structure to drain seepage water. The drainage structure generally includes circumferential blind pipes 24, longitudinal blind pipes 25, and drainage ditches / pipes 26. Among them, the circumferential blind pipes 24 (Φ50mm HDPE) and the longitudinal blind pipes 25 are arranged between the initial support 21 and the waterproof membrane 23 of the tunnel. The circumferential blind pipes 24 are arranged along the circumference of the tunnel. Multiple circumferential blind pipes 24 are set every 10m along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and are close to the initial support. The longitudinal blind pipes 25 are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The drainage ditches / pipes 26 are set below the inner track surface of the tunnel and extend along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The outlet ends of the circumferential blind pipes 24 and the longitudinal blind pipes 25 are connected to the drainage ditches / pipes 26.

[0033] In one example of the present invention, the field sensing layer 11 includes at least one of the following: a surrounding rock condition and initial support monitoring module 111, a waterproof layer monitoring module 112, and a drainage monitoring module 113; wherein, the surrounding rock condition and initial support monitoring module 111 is used to monitor the inflow of water, water pressure, crack development, and deformation convergence between the surrounding rock and the initial support 21 around the tunnel; the waterproof layer monitoring module 112 is used to monitor the construction quality and damage of the waterproof membrane 23; and the drainage monitoring module 113 is arranged on the drainage structure to monitor the drainage smoothness and siltation of the drainage structure.

[0034] In one example of the present invention, the surrounding rock condition and initial support monitoring module 111 includes a piezometer, a flow meter, and a deformation monitoring device; wherein, the piezometer is buried between the surrounding rock around the tunnel and the initial support 21 to monitor the external water pressure of the initial support 21; the flow meter is installed in a temporary drainage ditch to monitor changes in the total inflow; and the deformation monitoring device is used to monitor the deformation of the surrounding rock around the tunnel and / or the initial support 21.

[0035] With this setup, the piezometer is buried between the surrounding rock and the initial support 21 to detect changes in water pressure outside the initial support 21, providing a basis for judging the intensity of groundwater action; the flow meter is installed in the temporary drainage ditch (for the discharge of water gushing from the surrounding rock around the tunnel) to monitor the dynamic changes in the total water inflow of the tunnel in real time, reflecting the groundwater recharge and discharge situation; the deformation monitoring equipment is used to monitor the deformation convergence data of the surrounding rock and / or the initial support 21, and indirectly reflects the effect of water pressure and external loads through this data.

[0036] In detail, the deformation monitoring equipment includes a convergence meter / total station and an automatic total station robot; among them, the convergence meter / total station can monitor the deformation of the initial support 21, indirectly reflecting water pressure and load, while the automatic total station robot realizes 24-hour automated deformation monitoring.

[0037] Understandably, the surrounding rock condition and initial support monitoring module 111 is mainly used to monitor the water inflow, water pressure, crack development, and deformation convergence of the surrounding rock and initial support 21 during or after the initial support 21 is constructed. Based on the monitoring data and the response plan given by the central processing and decision-making layer 13, it processes the data to ensure the stability of the surrounding rock and the structural safety of the initial support 21, avoid potential hazards such as structural cracking and leakage caused by water pressure accumulation and excessive deformation, achieve "proactive prevention and early control", lay a reliable foundation for subsequent waterproofing construction, and improve the structural stability and drainage reliability of the tunnel.

[0038] In one example of the present invention, the construction quality of the waterproof membrane 23 includes, but is not limited to, the laying tension of the waterproof membrane 23, the welding / bonding quality, etc., and the waterproof layer monitoring module 112 includes an air pressure monitoring system, an electric spark detector and a tension sensor.

[0039] In detail, the air pressure monitoring system is used to monitor the air tightness between the waterproof membrane 23 and the initial support 21. More specifically, an air pipe is pre-embedded between the waterproof membrane 23 and the initial support 21. Air is injected into the gap between the waterproof membrane 23 and the initial support 21 through the air pipe. If the air pressure remains stable or changes steadily after inflation, it indicates that the waterproof membrane 23 is not damaged or has construction quality problems. If the air pressure changes abnormally, it indicates that the waterproof membrane 23 has bulges, falls off, or is damaged. When the central processing and decision-making level 13 analyzes the abnormal pressure changes, it can issue an early warning to remind the staff to deal with it in time and avoid affecting the tunnel's waterproofing and drainage effect.

[0040] In detail, the electric spark detector is used to continuously monitor the joints (such as welds or adhesive joints) of the waterproof membrane 23. Utilizing the insulation properties of the waterproof membrane 23, high voltage is applied to the detector probe. When the joint is intact, there is no current path. When a leak is present, the high voltage will break down the air to form an electric spark, thereby accurately locating the leak.

[0041] In detail, the tension sensor is used to monitor the tension of the waterproof membrane 23 on the laying trolley. Through the feedback adjustment mechanism, the tension applied by the laying trolley to the waterproof membrane 23 is dynamically adjusted to avoid the waterproof membrane 23 bulging due to insufficient tension or the waterproof membrane 23 breaking due to excessive tension.

[0042] Furthermore, the on-site perception layer 11 also includes an environmental monitoring module 114. The environmental monitoring module 114 is used to monitor the temperature and humidity inside the tunnel, helping construction personnel to determine whether the current environment is suitable for construction and maintenance standards, and to adjust process parameters in a timely manner to ensure that secondary concrete curing and waterproofing material construction meet the standards, and to ensure the construction quality of the tunnel waterproofing and drainage system.

[0043] Understandably, the waterproof layer monitoring module 112 is mainly used to monitor the construction quality of the waterproof membrane 23 during the laying process, to ensure that the construction quality of the waterproof membrane 23 meets the requirements, and to achieve "proactive prevention and control" and "early warning" during the construction phase.

[0044] In one example of the present invention, the drainage monitoring module 113 includes a flow meter, a pressure sensor, and a video endoscope; wherein, the flow meter is installed at the outlet of the circumferential blind pipe 24, the longitudinal blind pipe 25, and the drainage ditch / pipe 26 to monitor the drainage volume of each section; the pressure sensor is installed at key locations of the circumferential blind pipe 24 and the longitudinal blind pipe 25 to monitor water pressure; the video endoscope is used to periodically perform imaging inspections of the interior of the drainage structure to monitor siltation and crystallization.

[0045] In detail, pressure and flow monitoring can determine the unobstructed flow of the drainage structure. Under normal circumstances, the water pressure and drainage volume in the pipe are in a balanced state; that is, the flow is uniform when the water pressure is stable, and the water pressure adapts synchronously when the flow changes. When the water pressure in a certain section continuously increases and the drainage volume continuously decreases, it indicates that the water flow is obstructed in that section (e.g., due to siltation, crystallization, etc.), increasing the water flow resistance, which in turn leads to water pressure accumulation and flow attenuation. This allows for accurate identification of blockage risk, enabling staff to quickly check and address the corresponding section, ensuring drainage efficiency and reducing the risk of leakage. Simultaneously, video endoscopy can periodically monitor siltation and crystallization within the drainage structure, identifying potential siltation and crystallization problems, achieving "early warning," and reducing potential hazards such as water pressure accumulation and structural leakage caused by drainage blockages.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, the data transmission layer 12 acts as the "neural network" of the tunnel integrated drainage and waterproofing construction system, undertaking the function of data interconnection and interoperability. It achieves efficient data flow across the entire link through the collaborative architecture of data acquisition stations and diversified transmission networks. The data acquisition stations, arranged near each working face of the tunnel, are responsible for centrally collecting analog and digital signals output by various sensors in the field perception layer 11, avoiding data loss or delay caused by scattered transmission.

[0047] The transmission network can be flexibly configured according to the characteristics of the tunnel construction scenario. It can be configured as a wired network composed of fiber optics and industrial Ethernet, which can meet the data transmission needs of fixed monitoring points with its stable and reliable transmission performance. Alternatively, it can be configured as a wireless network such as 4G / 5G, LoRa, and ZigBee for mobile devices and areas where cabling is inconvenient. Combined with industrial switches and gateways to achieve conversion and adaptation of different protocols, the various monitoring data collected are finally transmitted securely and quickly to the monitoring center of the central processing and decision-making layer 13, providing real-time and complete data support for subsequent data processing, analysis, and control command generation.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present invention, the central processing and decision-making layer 13, as the core of the tunnel integrated drainage and waterproofing construction system, undertakes the key functions of data storage, analysis, early warning and decision command generation: its built-in central server and database are responsible for storing all monitoring data (including historical data and real-time data), providing a complete data foundation for subsequent analysis.

[0049] The data analysis and early warning model 132 uses data visualization technology to transform complex monitoring data into intuitive forms such as charts, curves, and tunnel BIM models. It also presets normal ranges for various parameters such as upper limit of water pressure and lower limit of flow. Once the data exceeds the limit, an alarm is automatically triggered. In addition, it combines the expert knowledge base 131, which stores industry standards, successful engineering experience and failure cases, to deeply analyze data trends. For example, when the flow of a certain blind pipe continues to decrease and the inlet pressure increases, the system can judge that "the risk of drainage pipe blockage is high" and prompt "perform high-pressure flushing or dredging". When the air pressure behind the waterproof membrane 23 drops abnormally, it will warn that "the waterproof layer may be damaged" and locate the approximate area. Based on the analysis results, it will give corresponding solutions to facilitate the staff to quickly investigate and deal with risks.

[0050] In one example of the present invention, the tunnel integrated drainage and waterproofing construction system further includes an execution and control layer 14, which is communicatively connected to a central processing and decision-making layer 13 and is used to execute corresponding countermeasures according to the countermeasures output by the central processing and decision-making layer 13.

[0051] In detail, the central processing and decision-making layer 13 generates control commands based on the analysis results of the drainage parameters, and the execution and control layer 14 executes corresponding measures based on the control commands, thus realizing a closed loop from data perception to execution.

[0052] For example, the execution and control layer 14 may include construction or drainage equipment such as grouting machines, spraying machines, and drainage pumps. The grouting machine receives parameter instructions such as grouting pressure, flow rate, and grout ratio from the central processing and decision-making layer 13, and automatically and accurately performs radial grouting or backfill grouting according to the set parameters, recording data throughout the process to achieve "constant pressure grouting" and prevent insufficient pressure or crushing of the waterproof membrane 23. The waterproof material construction equipment receives instructions on the thickness, pressure, and temperature of the sprayed quick-setting rubber, and ensures that the waterproof layer is uniform and meets standards through an automatic spraying robotic arm. The drainage pump can be started and stopped according to the water level of the collection well and the water pressure of the drainage structure to ensure timely drainage of seepage.

[0053] In one example of the present invention, the integrated tunnel waterproofing and drainage construction system further includes a user interaction layer 15, which serves as the visual interface for the system, for use by managers and engineers. It features a web / mobile monitoring screen, a report generation module, and an alarm push module. The web / mobile monitoring screen can display the real-time waterproofing and drainage status, early warning information, and construction progress of the entire tunnel. The report generation module has an automatic report generation function, capable of generating daily, weekly, and quality assessment reports. The alarm push module can send emergency alarm information to relevant personnel via SMS, App push, etc., ensuring rapid response and handling of problems.

[0054] It is understood that, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of the different embodiments or examples.

[0055] The tunnel integrated waterproofing and drainage construction system provided by this invention, through the construction of a systematic integration and intelligent monitoring system consisting of "site perception layer 11 - data transmission layer 12 - central processing and decision-making layer 13", can monitor the waterproofing and drainage status of the tunnel in real time, and facilitate staff to quickly investigate, locate and resolve corresponding waterproofing and drainage risks. This realizes the transformation of tunnel waterproofing and drainage from "passive response" to "active prevention and control", and from "post-event handling" of leaks to "pre-event warning and in-event control", which is conducive to further improving the waterproofing reliability, drainage efficiency and long-term stability of the tunnel.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel comprehensive waterproof and drainage construction system, characterized in that, The tunnel waterproofing and drainage system monitoring method comprises the following steps: a field perception layer (11), a data transmission layer (12), and a central processing and decision-making layer (13); the field perception layer (11) is used for collecting waterproofing and drainage parameters of the tunnel; the data transmission layer (12) is used for constructing a data transmission link of the field perception layer (11) and the central processing and decision-making layer (13), and transmitting the data collected by the field perception layer (11) to the central processing and decision-making layer (13); the central processing and decision-making layer (13) is integrated with an expert knowledge base (131) and a data analysis and early warning model (132), and is used for receiving the waterproofing and drainage parameters and analyzing the parameters, and when the waterproofing and drainage parameters exceed a set threshold, generating early warning information and a corresponding response plan.

2. The tunnel integrated waterproof and drainage construction system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the field perception layer (11) comprises: a surrounding rock state and primary support monitoring module (111) used for monitoring water inflow, water pressure, crack development, and deformation convergence between surrounding rock and primary support (21) of the tunnel; a waterproof layer monitoring module (112) used for monitoring construction quality and damage of a waterproof plate (23); a drainage monitoring module (113) arranged on a drainage structure and used for monitoring drainage patency of the drainage structure.

3. The tunnel integrated waterproof and drainage construction system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the surrounding rock state and primary support monitoring module (111) comprises: a osmotic pressure gauge buried between the surrounding rock and the primary support (21) of the tunnel and used for monitoring external water pressure of the primary support (21); a flow meter installed on a temporary drainage ditch and used for monitoring total water inflow variation; a deformation monitoring device used for monitoring deformation of the surrounding rock and / or the primary support (21) of the tunnel.

4. The tunnel integrated waterproof and drainage construction system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the waterproof plate (23) is laid between the primary support (21) and secondary lining (22) of the tunnel; the waterproof layer monitoring module (112) comprises: an air pressure monitoring system used for monitoring air tightness between the waterproof plate (23) and the primary support (21); an electric spark detector used for continuously detecting continuity of a connecting seam of the waterproof plate (23); a tension sensor used for monitoring tension force of the waterproof plate (23) on a laying trolley.

5. The tunnel integrated waterproof and drainage construction system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the drainage structure comprises: a ring blind pipe (24) arranged along a ring direction of the tunnel, a plurality of ring blind pipes (24) being arranged along a longitudinal direction of the tunnel; a longitudinal blind pipe (25) arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel; a drainage ditch / pipe (26) in communication with water outlets of the ring blind pipe (24) and the longitudinal blind pipe (25).

6. The tunnel integrated waterproof and drainage construction system according to claim 5, characterized in that, the drainage monitoring module (113) comprises: flow meters installed on the ring blind pipe (24), the longitudinal blind pipe (25), and the drainage ditch / pipe (26) and used for monitoring water inflow of each section; pressure sensors installed at key positions of the ring blind pipe (24) and the longitudinal blind pipe (25) and used for monitoring water pressure.

7. The tunnel integrated waterproof and drainage construction system according to claim 6, characterized in that, the drainage monitoring module (113) further comprises: a video endoscope used for periodically imaging and checking the inside of the drainage structure and monitoring siltation and crystallization.

8. The tunnel waterproofing and drainage construction system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, the field perception layer (11) further comprises an environment monitoring module (114) used for monitoring environmental parameters in the tunnel.

9. The tunnel waterproofing and drainage construction system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein Also comprising: An execution and control layer (14) in communication connection with the central processing and decision-making layer (13), configured to execute corresponding countermeasures according to the countermeasures output by the central processing and decision-making layer (13).

10. The tunnel integrated waterproof and drainage construction system according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also comprising a user interaction layer (15); the user interaction layer (15) comprises: A WEB terminal / mobile terminal monitoring screen for displaying the waterproof and drainage state of the tunnel, the early warning information and the construction progress; A report generation module for generating daily reports, weekly reports and quality evaluation reports; An alarm pushing module for sending alarm information.

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