A transverse load vertical shaft vibration simulation device and simulation and testing method

Abstract

This application relates to a device and method for simulating and testing the vibration of a vertical shaft system under lateral load. The device includes a drive assembly, a shaft system under test, an eddy current sensor, and a magnetic simulation assembly. The magnetic simulation assembly includes a support frame and multiple coils. The coils are arranged sequentially on the support frame along the axial direction of the shaft system under test. Each coil is perpendicular to the axis of the shaft system under test and is electrically connected to an independent current controller. The current controller is electrically connected to a control unit. The control unit calculates and distributes the current control parameters corresponding to each coil, regulates the magnetic field strength generated by each coil through the current controller, and collects data of the shaft system under test through the eddy current sensor. This application can reliably simulate and measure the vibration of a vertical shaft system under lateral load. By applying the lateral load through magnetic force, it avoids the inaccuracies in mechanical simulation caused by friction and contact in traditional mechanical contact loading methods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of testing technology for vertical axis rotating devices, and in particular to a transverse load vertical axis vibration simulation device and simulation and testing method. Background Technology

[0002] Vertical axis systems are currently used in various fields, and one of the most typical vertical rotation axis systems is the vertical axis wind turbine. The South China Sea, located in tropical and subtropical regions, experiences complex and changeable weather and is a region prone to severe weather events such as typhoons, torrential rains, and strong convection. Therefore, developing wind power equipment that meets the specific environmental requirements of the South China Sea, possesses good economic efficiency, safety, and reliability, and allows for large-scale deployment of wind farms has become an urgent need for the development and utilization of wind energy resources in the South China Sea. Vertical axis wind turbines are characterized by a low center of gravity, no yaw, and convenient maintenance, making them highly adaptable to the extreme sea conditions of the South China Sea.

[0003] Vertical axis wind turbine shaft systems differ significantly from traditional horizontal axis structures in terms of dynamics. Their operating load characteristics are mainly dominated by lateral extreme wind loads, and the load distribution exhibits significant asymmetry and dynamic variation.

[0004] Current mainstream shaft turntable testing systems are limited by their original design intent; their load simulation functions are only optimized for horizontal shaft vibration scenarios, primarily focusing on steady-state vibration simulation caused by gravity loads and rotational eccentric forces. They lack the ability to simulate the dynamic response of vertical shaft systems under multi-dimensional and non-uniform loads in complex wind fields. This technological gap stems from the fundamental differences between the two types of wind turbines in terms of load transfer paths, vibration mode distribution, and dynamic coupling characteristics, making it difficult for existing equipment to meet the vibration testing requirements of vertical shaft systems under extreme lateral load conditions.

[0005] Therefore, we propose a device for simulating the vibration of a vertical shaft system under transverse load, as well as a simulation and testing method. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing production technologies, the applicant provides a transverse load vertical shaft vibration simulation device and simulation and testing method, which can reliably simulate and measure the vibration of a vertical shaft with a transverse load. The transverse load is applied by magnetic force, avoiding the friction and inaccurate mechanical simulation caused by contact in traditional mechanical contact loading methods. At the same time, non-contact mechanical loading is also suitable for high-speed rotating shafts.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: A device for simulating the vibration of a vertical shaft system under lateral load, comprising: The shaft system under test; The drive assembly has its output end connected to the shaft system under test for driving the shaft system under test to rotate. The eddy current sensor is mounted on one side of the shaft system being measured via a positioning frame, and the probe of the eddy current sensor does not contact the surface of the shaft system being measured. The magnetic simulation component is set on one side of the shaft system under test and is used to accurately simulate lateral loads. The magnetic simulation component does not contact the surface of the shaft system under test. The magnetic simulation component includes a support frame and multiple coils. The multiple coils are arranged sequentially on the support frame along the axis of the measured axis system. Each coil is set perpendicular to the axis of the measured axis system, and the magnetic field output end of each coil is set towards the measured axis system. Each coil is electrically connected to an independent current controller, and the current controller is electrically connected to a control unit. The control unit is used to calculate and issue the current control parameters corresponding to each coil, regulate the magnetic field strength generated by each coil through the current controller, and collect the data of the measured shaft system through the eddy current sensor.

[0008] Its further features are: The drive assembly includes a motor and a variable frequency speed control unit. The output shaft of the motor is rigidly connected to the shaft system under test via a coupling. The variable frequency speed control unit is electrically connected to the motor and is used to adjust the speed of the motor.

[0009] It also includes a speed monitoring unit, the detection end of which is set towards the shaft system being measured. The speed monitoring unit is electrically connected to the control unit and is used to detect and provide feedback on the speed of the shaft system being measured.

[0010] The control unit is equipped with a coil magnetic field-current mapping calculation model. The model is constructed based on the formula for calculating the magnetic induction intensity on the coil axis and is used to accurately calculate the required input current value of the corresponding coil according to the target lateral load value.

[0011] The coil is a finite-length solenoid with a length of L, a radius of R, a total number of turns of N, a current of I, and a number of turns per unit length of n. Establish a coordinate system with the center of the solenoid as the origin and the axis of the solenoid as the x-axis.

[0012] Set the field point P to be on the x-axis with coordinate x; the coordinates of the two ends of the solenoid are -L / 2 and L / 2, respectively; Starting from the formula for a single circular current coil, the magnetic induction intensity produced at a point on its axis at a distance a from the center of the circle is:

[0013] Integrating over a finite-length solenoid, consider the solenoid as composed of many tightly wound circular coils. At coordinate 1, consider a thin plate of thickness d1; this plate contains nd1 turns, and its equivalent current is dI, where dI = I(ndl); the distance from this plate to the field point P is |x|. The magnetic field generated by the thin sheet at point P is:

[0014] The total magnetic field generated by the entire solenoid at point P is dB from l= Integral from L / 2 to l = +L / 2:

[0015] Let u=x l, then du= The integration limit transformation for dl is as follows: When l= At L / 2, u=x ( L / 2) = x + L / 2; When l = L / 2, u = x L / 2; After substitution:

[0016]

[0017] The result is:

[0018] therefore:

[0019]

[0020] Substitute the upper and lower limits:

[0021] The magnetic flux density along the axis of a finite-length solenoid at a distance x from the solenoid is: .

[0022] This application also discloses a method for simulating and testing the vibration of a vertical shaft system under transverse load, including the following steps: S1, rigidly connect the shaft system under test to the output end of the motor to perform shaft coaxiality calibration and eliminate initial installation eccentricity error; S2, fix the eddy current sensor at the preset detection point of the shaft system under test, adjust the distance between the probe of the eddy current sensor and the outer surface of the shaft system under test to maintain a non-contact state; when the shaft system under test is stationary, start the calibration program of the eddy current sensor, establish the linear relationship between the output signal of the eddy current sensor and the displacement through the multi-point calibration method, and perform environmental temperature compensation processing to achieve zero-point calibration. S3, The magnetic simulation components are installed around the shaft system under test. Each coil is electrically connected to an independent current controller, which is electrically connected to the control unit. S4, start the motor, accelerate the shaft system under test to the preset test speed through the frequency conversion speed control unit, monitor the speed of the shaft system under test in real time through the speed monitoring unit, and feed back speed fluctuation data to maintain speed stability; S5, the control unit calculates the target current parameters corresponding to the coils at each axial position according to the preset lateral load test conditions, and sends them to the corresponding current controller; the current controller adjusts the output current in real time according to the received parameters, controls the corresponding coil to generate the target magnetic field, and applies a non-contact lateral load to the corresponding axial position of the rotating test shaft system. S6, under the stable operating state of the measured shaft system, collects the vibration signal of the measured shaft system through the eddy current sensor, simultaneously records multi-dimensional vibration data, and eliminates environmental interference through filtering technology, and finally generates a vibration analysis report containing time domain and frequency domain characteristics.

[0023] In S5, the control unit can update the output parameters of each current controller in real time according to the preset dynamic load conditions, simulate the dynamic fluctuation of the lateral load, and reproduce the load state of the vertical axis system under complex wind fields.

[0024] In S4, the speed monitoring unit collects the speed data of the measured shaft system in real time and uploads it to the control unit. Based on the speed feedback data, the control unit adjusts the output speed of the motor through the variable frequency speed control unit in a closed loop to maintain the stability of the shaft system speed.

[0025] In S6, the collected vibration displacement data is correlated and matched with the synchronously collected rotational speed data and current load data to generate correlation curves and databases of the vibration characteristics of the measured vertical shaft system as a function of rotational speed and lateral load.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This application features a compact and rational structure, convenient operation, and a non-contact magnetic design that significantly reduces friction and wear issues associated with traditional mechanical contact methods, extending the device's lifespan and improving operational stability. Utilizing a magnetic system to precisely control the magnitude and direction of the lateral load in real time, combined with non-contact sensors to directly measure vibration parameters, it achieves high-precision vibration simulation and data acquisition, avoiding errors caused by contact interference and ensuring the reliability of measurement results. It possesses rapid dynamic response capabilities, allowing for real-time adjustment of load parameters through a closed-loop control system to meet vibration testing requirements under complex conditions. Simultaneously, the non-contact design simplifies the mechanical structure, eliminating traditional connecting components and reducing maintenance costs and installation complexity. Furthermore, its modular architecture enhances scalability, flexibly adapting to diverse experimental needs in fields such as wind energy, aerospace, and shipbuilding, and enabling stable operation in harsh environments such as high temperatures and corrosive conditions. In terms of safety, non-contact force transmission reduces the risk of mechanical component failure, while precise parameter control and interference elimination ensure the authenticity of experimental data and high repeatability of results, providing efficient and reliable technical support for multidisciplinary research and product development.

[0027] In addition, this application also has the following advantages: (1) It can simulate the working state of vertical axis systems such as vertical axis wind turbines, turbine generators, and spacecraft under different environments (such as lateral, fluid, and vibration). It is especially suitable for vibration research and product development in fields such as wind energy, aerospace, and ships. Through modular design, different sensors or load modules can be flexibly integrated to meet the needs of multidisciplinary cross-experiment.

[0028] (2) Non-contact force transmission reduces the risk of sudden failure of mechanical parts and reduces potential dangers in experiments. The magnetic system is significantly unaffected by environmental factors such as temperature and humidity and can operate stably in harsh environments.

[0029] (3) The non-contact design avoids the interference of additional vibration or force caused by mechanical contact, ensuring that the experimental data truly reflects the vibration characteristics of the shaft system itself. By precisely controlling the magnetic parameters, the same load conditions can be repeatedly generated, improving the comparability and reliability of the experimental results. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application.

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The main view.

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Top view.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a coil according to this application.

[0034] Among them: 100, motor; 200, measured shaft system; 300, eddy current sensor; 400, positioning frame; 500, magnetic force simulation component; 501, support frame; 502, coil. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0037] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0038] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0040] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0041] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a transverse load vertical shaft vibration simulation device includes a drive assembly, a shaft system under test 200, an eddy current sensor 300, and a magnetic simulation assembly 500.

[0042] The output end of the drive component is connected to the measured shaft system 200 for driving the measured shaft system 200 to rotate. The eddy current sensor 300 is mounted on one side of the shaft system 200 being measured via the positioning frame 400, and the probe of the eddy current sensor 300 does not contact the surface of the shaft system 200 being measured. The magnetic simulation component 500 is disposed on one side of the shaft system 200 under test and is used to finely simulate lateral loads. The magnetic simulation component 500 does not contact the surface of the shaft system 200 under test. Specifically, the magnetic simulation component 500 includes a support frame 501 and multiple coils 502. The multiple coils 502 are arranged sequentially on the support frame 501 along the axial direction of the measured shaft system 200. Each coil 502 is perpendicular to the axis of the measured shaft system 200, and the magnetic field output end of each coil 502 is oriented towards the measured shaft system 200. Each coil 502 is electrically connected to an independent current controller, and the current controller is electrically connected to a control unit. The control unit is used to calculate and issue the current control parameters corresponding to each coil 502, regulate the magnetic field strength generated by each coil 502 through the current controller, and collect the data of the measured shaft system 200 through the eddy current sensor 300.

[0043] In other embodiments, the drive assembly includes a motor 100 and a variable frequency speed control unit. The output shaft of the motor 100 is rigidly connected to the measured shaft system 200 via a coupling. The variable frequency speed control unit is electrically connected to the motor 100 and is used to adjust the speed of the motor 100.

[0044] In other embodiments, a speed monitoring unit is also included. The detection end of the speed monitoring unit is disposed facing the shaft system 200 under test. The speed monitoring unit is electrically connected to the control unit and is used to detect and provide feedback on the speed of the shaft system 200 under test.

[0045] In other embodiments, the control unit is provided with a magnetic field-current mapping calculation model for coil 502. The model is constructed based on the calculation formula of magnetic induction intensity on the axis of coil 502 and is used to accurately calculate the input current value required by the corresponding coil 502 according to the target lateral load value.

[0046] The magnetic force of coil 502 is calculated as follows: Coil 502 is a finite-length solenoid with length L, radius R, total number of turns N, current I, and number of turns per unit length n. Establish a coordinate system with the center of the solenoid as the origin and the axis of the solenoid as the x-axis.

[0047] Set the field point P to be on the x-axis with coordinate x; the coordinates of the two ends of the solenoid are -L / 2 and L / 2, respectively; Starting from the formula for a single circular current coil, the magnetic induction intensity produced at a point on its axis at a distance a from the center of the circle is:

[0048] Integrating over a finite-length solenoid, we consider the solenoid as being composed of many tightly wound circular coils. At coordinate 1, we take a thin sheet with thickness d1; the number of turns in this thin sheet is nd1, and the equivalent current carried by this thin sheet is dI, dI=I(ndl). The distance from the thin plate to the field point P is |x|. l |, since the system is symmetric about the origin, we first use x When performing calculations, the integral will naturally handle the sign problem. The magnetic field generated by the thin plate at point P is:

[0049] The total magnetic field generated by the entire solenoid at point P is dB from l= Integral from L / 2 to l = +L / 2:

[0050] Let u=x l, then du= The integration limit transformation for dl is as follows: When l= At L / 2, u=x ( L / 2) = x + L / 2; When l = L / 2, u = x L / 2; After substitution:

[0051]

[0052] The result is:

[0053] therefore:

[0054]

[0055] Substitute the upper and lower limits:

[0056] The magnetic flux density along the axis of a finite-length solenoid at a distance x from the solenoid is: .

[0057] Since the magnetic field strength of a solenoid outside its center is extremely small, it can be assumed that each solenoid only generates a magnetic field along its center line. By arranging several solenoids side by side in a perpendicular row, a transverse magnetic field about the axis can be formed, which can be controlled by an electric current. The smaller the solenoids and the greater their number, the more precise the transverse force becomes.

[0058] A method for simulating and testing the vibration of a vertical shaft system under transverse load includes the following steps: S1, rigidly connect the shaft system 200 under test to the output end of the motor 100 to perform shaft system coaxiality calibration and eliminate initial installation eccentricity error; S2, fix the eddy current sensor 300 at the preset detection point of the shaft system 200 under test, adjust the distance between the probe of the eddy current sensor 300 and the outer surface of the shaft system 200 under test to maintain a non-contact state; with the shaft system 200 under test stationary, start the calibration program of the eddy current sensor 300, establish the linear relationship between the output signal of the eddy current sensor 300 and the displacement through the multi-point calibration method, and perform environmental temperature compensation processing to achieve zero-point calibration; S3, The magnetic simulation component 500 is installed around the shaft system 200 under test. Each coil 502 is electrically connected to an independent current controller, which is electrically connected to the control unit. S4, start motor 100, accelerate the tested shaft system 200 to the preset test speed through the frequency conversion speed control unit, monitor the speed of the tested shaft system 200 in real time through the speed monitoring unit, and feed back speed fluctuation data to maintain speed stability; S5, the control unit calculates the target current parameters corresponding to the coil 502 at each axial position according to the preset lateral load test conditions, and sends them to the corresponding current controller; the current controller adjusts the output current in real time according to the received parameters, controls the corresponding coil 502 to generate the target magnetic field, and applies a non-contact lateral load to the corresponding axial position of the rotating test shaft system 200. S6. Under the stable operating state of the measured shaft system 200, the vibration signal of the measured shaft system 200 is collected by the eddy current sensor 300, multi-dimensional vibration data is recorded simultaneously, and environmental interference is eliminated by filtering technology, and finally a vibration analysis report containing time domain and frequency domain characteristics is generated.

[0059] In S5, the control unit can update the output parameters of each current controller in real time according to the preset dynamic load conditions, simulate the dynamic fluctuation of the lateral load, and reproduce the load state of the vertical axis system under complex wind fields.

[0060] In S4, the speed monitoring unit collects the speed data of the measured shaft system 200 in real time and uploads it to the control unit. Based on the speed feedback data, the control unit adjusts the output speed of the motor 100 through the variable frequency speed control unit in a closed loop to maintain the stability of the shaft system speed.

[0061] In S6, the collected vibration displacement data is correlated and matched with the synchronously collected rotational speed data and current load data to generate correlation curves and databases of the vibration characteristics of the measured vertical shaft system as a function of rotational speed and lateral load.

[0062] The non-contact magnetic design significantly reduces friction and wear issues associated with traditional mechanical contact methods, extending device lifespan and improving operational stability. By utilizing a magnetic system to precisely control the magnitude and direction of the lateral load in real time, combined with non-contact sensors to directly measure vibration parameters, high-precision vibration simulation and data acquisition are achieved, avoiding errors caused by contact interference and ensuring the reliability of measurement results. It possesses rapid dynamic response capabilities, allowing for real-time adjustment of load parameters through a closed-loop control system to meet vibration testing requirements under complex conditions. Simultaneously, the non-contact design simplifies the mechanical structure, eliminating traditional connecting components and reducing maintenance costs and installation complexity. Furthermore, its modular architecture enhances scalability, flexibly adapting to diverse experimental needs in fields such as wind energy, aerospace, and shipbuilding, and enabling stable operation in harsh environments such as high temperatures and corrosive conditions. In terms of safety, non-contact force transmission reduces the risk of mechanical component failure, while precise parameter control and interference elimination ensure the authenticity of experimental data and high repeatability of results, providing efficient and reliable technical support for multidisciplinary research and product development.

[0063] It can simulate the working state of vertical axis systems such as vertical axis fans, turbine generators, and spacecraft under different environments (such as lateral, fluid, and vibration). It is especially suitable for vibration research and product development in fields such as wind energy, aerospace, and shipbuilding. Through modular design, it can flexibly integrate different sensors or load modules to meet the needs of multidisciplinary cross-experimentation.

[0064] Non-contact force transmission reduces the risk of sudden failure of mechanical parts and lowers potential dangers in experiments. The magnetic system is significantly unaffected by environmental factors such as temperature and humidity and can operate stably in harsh environments.

[0065] The non-contact design avoids the interference of additional vibration or force caused by mechanical contact, ensuring that the experimental data truly reflects the vibration characteristics of the shaft system itself. By precisely controlling the magnetic parameters, the same load conditions can be repeatedly generated, improving the comparability and reliability of the experimental results.

[0066] The above description is an explanation of this application and not a limitation thereof. The scope of this application is defined by the claims. Within the scope of protection of this application, any form of modification may be made.

Claims

1. A device for simulating the vibration of a vertical shaft system under lateral load, characterized in that, include: The measured shaft system (200); The drive assembly has its output end connected to the measured shaft system (200) for driving the measured shaft system (200) to rotate. An eddy current sensor (300) is set on one side of the shaft system (200) being measured via a positioning frame (400), and the probe of the eddy current sensor (300) does not contact the surface of the shaft system (200) being measured; A magnetic simulation component (500) is set on one side of the shaft system (200) to finely simulate lateral loads. The magnetic simulation component (500) does not contact the surface of the shaft system (200). The magnetic simulation component (500) includes a support frame (501) and multiple coils (502). The multiple coils (502) are arranged sequentially on the support frame (501) along the axial direction of the measured shaft system (200). Each coil (502) is perpendicular to the axis of the measured shaft system (200), and the magnetic field output end of each coil (502) is oriented towards the measured shaft system (200). Each coil (502) is electrically connected to an independent current controller, and the current controller is electrically connected to a control unit. The control unit is used to calculate and issue the current control parameters corresponding to each coil (502), regulate the magnetic field strength generated by each coil (502) through the current controller, and collect the data of the measured shaft system (200) through the eddy current sensor (300).

2. The transverse load vertical shaft vibration simulation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a motor (100) and a variable frequency speed control unit. The output shaft of the motor (100) is rigidly connected to the measured shaft system (200) through a coupling. The variable frequency speed control unit is electrically connected to the motor (100) and is used to adjust the speed of the motor (100).

3. The transverse load vertical shaft vibration simulation device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a speed monitoring unit, the detection end of which is set toward the shaft system under test (200). The speed monitoring unit is electrically connected to the control unit and is used to detect and provide feedback on the speed of the shaft system under test (200).

4. The transverse load vertical shaft vibration simulation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit is equipped with a magnetic field-current mapping calculation model for coil (502). The model is constructed based on the magnetic induction intensity calculation formula on the axis of coil (502) and is used to accurately calculate the input current value required by the corresponding coil (502) according to the target transverse load value.

5. The transverse load vertical shaft vibration simulation device as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The coil (502) is a finite-length solenoid with a length of L, a radius of R, a total number of turns of N, a current of I, and a number of turns per unit length of n. Establish a coordinate system with the center of the solenoid as the origin and the axis of the solenoid as the x-axis.

6. The transverse load vertical shaft vibration simulation device as described in claim 5, characterized in that: Set the field point P to be on the x-axis with coordinate x; the coordinates of the two ends of the solenoid are -L / 2 and L / 2, respectively; Starting from the formula for a single circular current coil, the magnetic induction intensity produced at a point on its axis at a distance a from the center of the circle is: Integrating over a finite-length solenoid, consider the solenoid as composed of many tightly wound circular coils. At coordinate 1, consider a thin plate of thickness d1; this plate contains nd1 turns, and its equivalent current is dI, where dI = I(ndl); the distance from this plate to the field point P is |x|. The magnetic field generated by the thin sheet at point P is: The total magnetic field generated by the entire solenoid at point P is dB from l= Integral from L / 2 to l = +L / 2: Let u=x l, then du= The integration limit transformation for dl is as follows: When l= At L / 2, u=x ( L / 2) = x + L / 2; When l = L / 2, u = x L / 2; After substitution: The result is: therefore: Substitute the upper and lower limits: The magnetic flux density along the axis of a finite-length solenoid at a distance x from the solenoid is: 。 7. A method for simulating and testing vibration of a vertical shaft system under transverse load, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, rigidly connect the shaft system (200) under test to the output end of the motor (100) to perform shaft system coaxiality calibration and eliminate initial installation eccentricity error; S2, fix the eddy current sensor (300) at the preset detection point of the shaft system under test (200), adjust the distance between the probe of the eddy current sensor (300) and the outer surface of the shaft system under test (200) to maintain a non-contact state; when the shaft system under test (200) is stationary, start the calibration program of the eddy current sensor (300), establish the linear relationship between the output signal of the eddy current sensor (300) and the displacement through the multi-point calibration method, and perform environmental temperature compensation processing to achieve zero-point calibration; S3, the magnetic simulation component (500) is installed around the shaft system (200) under test, and each coil (502) is electrically connected to an independent current controller, which is electrically connected to the control unit; S4, start the motor (100), accelerate the shaft system (200) under test to the preset test speed through the variable frequency speed control unit, monitor the speed of the shaft system (200) under test in real time through the speed monitoring unit, and feed back the speed fluctuation data to maintain speed stability; S5, the control unit calculates the target current parameters corresponding to each axial position coil (502) according to the preset transverse load test conditions, and sends them to the corresponding current controller; The current controller adjusts the output current in real time according to the received parameters, controls the corresponding coil (502) to generate the target magnetic field, and applies a non-contact lateral load to the corresponding axial position of the rotating measured shaft system (200). S6. Under the stable operating state of the shaft system under test (200), the vibration signal of the shaft system under test (200) is collected by the eddy current sensor (300), multi-dimensional vibration data is recorded simultaneously, and environmental interference is eliminated by filtering technology, and finally a vibration analysis report containing time domain and frequency domain characteristics is generated.

8. The method for simulating and testing vibration of a vertical shaft system under lateral load as described in claim 7, characterized in that: In S5, the control unit can update the output parameters of each current controller in real time according to the preset dynamic load conditions, simulate the dynamic fluctuation of the lateral load, and reproduce the load state of the vertical axis system under complex wind fields.

9. The method for simulating and testing vibration of a vertical shaft system under lateral load as described in claim 7, characterized in that: In S4, the speed data of the measured shaft system (200) is collected in real time by the speed monitoring unit and uploaded to the control unit. The control unit adjusts the output speed of the motor (100) through the variable frequency speed control unit in a closed loop according to the speed feedback data to maintain the stability of the shaft system speed.

10. The method for simulating and testing vibration of a vertical shaft system under lateral load as described in claim 7, characterized in that: In S6, the collected vibration displacement data is correlated and matched with the synchronously collected rotational speed data and current load data to generate correlation curves and databases of the vibration characteristics of the measured vertical shaft system as a function of rotational speed and lateral load.

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