Gaseous radioactive effluent multinuclide parallel monitoring system and method

Abstract

This invention proposes a parallel monitoring system and method for multiple nuclides in gaseous radioactive effluents, relating to the field of nuclide monitoring technology for gaseous effluents from nuclear power plants. The parallel monitoring system for multiple nuclides in gaseous radioactive effluents includes: an online aerosol and iodine monitoring module configured to monitor aerosols and radioactive iodine in a gas sample; a tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation module configured to separate and prepare tritium and carbon-14 from the gas sample; an array detector connected to the tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation module to detect tritium and carbon-14; a gamma detection module to measure gamma characteristic rays; a krypton-xenon sample preparation module to separate krypton and xenon; a krypton measurement module to measure krypton; a xenon measurement module to measure xenon; and a control module to control the online aerosol and iodine monitoring module, the tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation module, the array detector, the gamma detection module, the krypton-xenon sample preparation module, the krypton measurement module, and the xenon measurement module to achieve parallel measurement of multiple nuclides in the gas sample.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nuclear power plant gaseous effluent nuclide monitoring technology, and in particular to a parallel monitoring system and method for multiple nuclides in gaseous radioactive effluents. Background Technology

[0002] Nuclear facilities, especially nuclear power plants, continuously release gaseous effluents containing trace amounts of radioactive materials into the environment during normal operation. Rigorous and accurate monitoring of these effluents is crucial for assessing the environmental impact of nuclear facility operation, protecting public health, and meeting emission limits and reporting requirements. Key radionuclides to monitor in gaseous effluents include tritium (H-3), carbon-14 (C-14), radioactive iodine and aerosols, and various radioactive inert gases (such as Kr-85 and Xe-133).

[0003] Currently, monitoring of gaseous effluents in outer core facilities mainly relies on the following two technical approaches, but both have significant limitations: Category 1: Offline Laboratory Analysis Mode. This method first involves periodically collecting gas samples using an on-site sampling system (such as activated carbon boxes, filter boxes, and trapping solutions), and then sending the samples to an effluent monitoring laboratory. In the laboratory, after complex and time-consuming chemical separation and sample preparation steps, high-precision analytical instruments (such as low-background liquid scintillation spectrometers and high-purity germanium gamma spectrometers) are used to analyze the radionuclide activity concentration. This mode has the following drawbacks: First, the process is lengthy, typically taking several days or even weeks from sampling to obtaining the final data, making "real-time" monitoring impossible and failing to provide immediate feedback for power plant operation and management; second, the operation is complex, heavily reliant on manual operation by professional personnel, which is not only inefficient but also prone to introducing human error, affecting data accuracy; third, offline operation cannot continuously reflect the dynamic changes in emission concentrations, making it difficult to capture sudden emission events, and increasingly passive in environmental supervision and public communication.

[0004] The second category is the KRT (Kirch-Rayet Radiation Monitoring) system. Nuclear power plants are equipped with continuously operating KRT monitors to monitor the gamma radiation dose rate (e.g., for radioactive inert gases) or total radioactivity (e.g., for aerosol radioactivity) of gaseous effluents emitted from chimneys in real time. The advantage of this system is its fast response, continuous monitoring capability, and ability to output alarm signals. However, its fundamental drawback is that the KRT system is not essentially a "nuclear element analysis device"; it can only provide the total radiation level and cannot provide the specific activity concentration of each nuclide. Therefore, KRT system data cannot be used for statistical analysis of radioactive emissions from nuclear facilities or for compiling annual emission reports; its role is limited to early warning of abnormal emissions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a parallel monitoring system and method for multiple nuclides in gaseous radioactive effluents to solve the technical problem that existing nuclide monitoring devices cannot achieve online quantitative monitoring of multiple nuclides.

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides a parallel monitoring system for multiple nuclides in gaseous radioactive effluents, the parallel monitoring system comprising: An online aerosol and iodine monitoring module is configured to monitor aerosols and radioactive iodine in gas samples; A tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation module, the tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation module being configured to separate and prepare tritium and carbon-14 in a gas sample; An array detector, connected to a tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation module, is used to detect the tritium and carbon-14. The gamma detection module is configured to measure gamma characteristic rays; A krypton-xenon sample preparation module, configured to separate krypton and xenon; The krypton measurement module is configured to measure krypton; The xenon measurement module is configured to measure xenon. The control module controls the aerosol and iodine online monitoring module, the tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation module, the array detector, the gamma detection module, the krypton-xenon sample preparation module, the krypton measurement module, and the xenon measurement module to achieve parallel measurement of multiple nuclides in the gas sample.

[0007] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, the system includes: A buffer tank is connected to the online aerosol and iodine monitoring module, and the gamma detection module and the krypton-xenon sample preparation module take samples from the buffer tank.

[0008] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, the control module includes: User interaction thread, configured to handle responses from the graphical user interface to receive operator instructions; The message main loop thread is configured to receive instructions and events generated by the user interaction thread or other threads, parse them, prioritize and classify them, and then distribute them to the corresponding business processing threads. The data acquisition thread is configured to cyclically scan the communication interface with the lower-level machine, read data from various sensors and device status feedback signals, and store this data in a shared data area. The data processing and logic judgment thread obtains real-time data from the shared data area and performs calculations and judgments based on preset process algorithms and state logic. A control output thread is configured to convert control commands generated by the data processing thread into specific Modbus TCP communication instructions and send them to the corresponding registers of the PLC. A data display thread is configured to refresh the user interface to display real-time data, device status, and alarm information.

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, the control module includes: A data recording thread, configured to store information generated by the system.

[0010] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, the data recording thread adopts hierarchical storage, wherein real-time process data adopts the LabVIEW-optimized TDMS binary format; alarm information, operation logs, and final monitoring result data are written to the database.

[0011] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, the data processing and logic judgment thread is configured to manage the monitoring process, and the monitoring process status includes pump valve initialization, test initialization, start of experiment, parallel monitoring, sample transfer, measurement, cleaning and end of experiment; The monitoring process state transition is triggered by preset conditions, including whether the timer has timed out, the equipment feedback signal, and whether the process parameter threshold is met.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, after the control output thread sends a control command to the lower-level execution unit, the lower-level status is read back through the data acquisition thread to verify whether the command has been executed correctly. If the verification fails, the fault handling logic will be triggered.

[0013] A second aspect of this application provides a method for parallel monitoring of multiple nuclides in gaseous radioactive effluents, the monitoring method utilizing the parallel monitoring system for multiple nuclides in gaseous radioactive effluents described in any one of the above-mentioned methods, the method comprising: Receive start signal, system initialization and self-test; Initiate main gas path sampling; Determine the gaseous monitoring conditions; when the gaseous monitoring conditions meet the preset conditions, perform multiple parallel monitoring tasks. Clean and purge the monitoring system.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, multiple parallel monitoring tasks include tritium-carbon-14 branch monitoring, gamma nuclide branch monitoring, and krypton-xenon branch monitoring.

[0015] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, multiple parallel monitoring tasks include: Within the first preset time, the tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation modules perform self-checks and sample preparation, while the krypton-xenon sample preparation module starts sample preparation; the array detector performs self-checks and cleaning; the gamma detection module cleans, injects samples, and starts measurement. Within the second preset time period, the array detector introduces the sample; the krypton measurement module and the xenon measurement module start the measurement, and the gamma detection module continues the measurement; During the third preset time period, the array detector is darkened, the krypton measurement module and the xenon measurement module continue to measure, and the γ detection module continues to measure. Within the fourth preset time period, the array detector performs measurements, the krypton measurement module and the xenon measurement module continuously measure, and the gamma detection module continuously measures until the array detector, the krypton measurement module, the xenon measurement module, and the gamma detection module have all completed their measurements. The sum of the first preset time, the second preset time, the third preset time, and the fourth preset time is less than the preset period, and the preset period is no more than twenty-four hours.

[0016] In combination with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: Existing nuclear power plant gaseous effluent nuclide monitoring systems can only detect the total amount of nuclides, and cannot provide specific activity concentrations for each nuclide. The multi-nuclide parallel monitoring system for gaseous radioactive effluents proposed in this application, through a control module, achieves online monitoring of aerosols and iodine, online monitoring of tritium-carbon-14, online monitoring of gamma nuclides, and online monitoring of krypton-xenon. This system not only enables online monitoring of multiple nuclides, improving monitoring efficiency, but also allows for separate quantitative monitoring of multiple nuclides, improving monitoring accuracy, effectively balancing online and quantitative monitoring. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.

[0018] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a parallel monitoring system for multiple nuclides in gaseous radioactive effluents provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of parallel detection in a multi-nucleus parallel monitoring system for gaseous radioactive effluents provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a method for parallel monitoring of multiple nuclides in gaseous radioactive effluents provided in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. This application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this application. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0020] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this application. The drawings only show the components related to this application and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0021] In the following description, numerous details are explored to provide a more thorough explanation of embodiments of the present application. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be practiced without these specific details. In other embodiments, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form rather than in detail to avoid obscuring embodiments of the present application.

[0022] It should be noted that the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Any changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, shall also be considered as part of the scope of this application.

[0023] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first aspect of this application provides a parallel monitoring system for multiple nuclides in gaseous radioactive effluents. The parallel monitoring system for multiple nuclides in gaseous radioactive effluents includes an online monitoring module for aerosols and iodine, a sample preparation module for tritium and carbon-14, an array detector, a gamma detection module, a krypton-xenon sample preparation module, a krypton measurement module, a xenon measurement module, and a control module.

[0024] The online aerosol and iodine monitoring module is used to monitor aerosols and radioactive iodine in gas samples. The module samples separately and performs continuous online monitoring of aerosols and iodine.

[0025] The tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation module is used to separate and prepare tritium and carbon-14 from gas samples.

[0026] For example, the tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation module uses condensation / freezing and NaOH absorption methods to perform sample pretreatment of tritium and carbon-14 in the gaseous effluent and automates the process. The specific sample preparation process is as follows: A pressurized gaseous effluent, after filtration, enters an oxidation furnace to completely oxidize the hydrocarbons. The oxidized gas stream is then cooled once by an air cooler, measured by temperature and humidity sensors, and then enters a condenser with automatic sampling for water sampling. The dried gas stream from the condenser passes through a mass flow controller (#1), which determines the flow rate. A gas sampling pump extracts a certain amount of gas from the dried gas stream, and after the flow rate is regulated by the mass flow controller, it enters a neutralizer. In the neutralizer, the sampled gas undergoes a neutralization reaction with NaOH solution. The NaOH solution required for neutralization and the deionized water required for cleaning are both pumped into the neutralizer via a sampling pump and switched using a three-way valve. The waste liquid generated by the neutralizer reaction and the liquid sample required for sampling are both extracted from the bottom of the neutralizer via a sampling pump and switched using a three-way valve. The neutralizer's inlet and outlet are equipped with CO2 sensors to measure the neutralization efficiency.

[0027] For example, the gaseous radioactive effluent multi-nucleoside parallel monitoring system also includes a buffer tank to ensure the sampling gas pressure, facilitating the sampling of tritium and carbon-14 by the sample preparation module.

[0028] The array detector is connected to the tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation module to detect tritium and carbon-14.

[0029] For example, the array detector is made of stainless steel. The array detector's sample inlet is equipped with an automatic sample inlet system consisting of a front-end six-way switching valve and an injection pump, which enables automatic sample inlet, discharge, and cleaning functions. The detector's discharge end is connected to a waste liquid discharge pipeline, and all liquids, such as the measured liquid and cleaning liquid, are discharged to the waste liquid pipeline.

[0030] The gamma detection module is used to measure gamma characteristic rays. The gamma detection module and the krypton-xenon sample preparation module are sampled from inside the buffer tank.

[0031] The krypton-xenon sample preparation module is used to separate krypton and xenon. The krypton measurement module is used to measure krypton; the xenon measurement module is used to measure xenon.

[0032] For example, the krypton-xenon sample preparation module is based on the principles of cryogenic enrichment and chromatographic separation. It utilizes activated carbon adsorption combined with precise temperature control to achieve the gradual removal of impurity gases and selective desorption of target nuclides through multi-stage temperature regulation (-170°C to 250°C).

[0033] The separation module adopts an integrated design, including enrichment, purification, chromatographic separation, and measurement units, and achieves fully automated control through LabVIEW-developed host computer software. Experimental results show that the system exhibits stable separation performance for Kr and Xe: Kr retention time is 7.86 min (60°C column temperature), and Xe retention time is 20.3 min (120°C column temperature). Six repeated tests showed retention time fluctuations of less than ±0.3 min, indicating good repeatability. Regarding recovery rates, the average recovery rate for Kr reached 80.2%, and the average recovery rate for Xe was 84.4%. Furthermore, reducing the sampling volume further improves the recovery rate (Kr recovery rate >86% with 3L sampling).

[0034] This application optimizes the carrier gas flow rate (10 mL / min) and temperature step control, effectively reducing interference from impurities such as O2 and N2, and providing high-purity gas samples for subsequent radioactivity measurements.

[0035] The control module controls the aerosol and iodine online monitoring module, the tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation module, the array detector, the gamma detection module, the krypton-xenon sample preparation module, the krypton measurement module, and the xenon measurement module to achieve parallel measurement of multiple nuclides in gas samples.

[0036] For example, each module is equipped with necessary pneumatic structures such as sampling pumps, mass flow controllers, pressure / flow sensors, and pneumatic valves, depending on actual needs.

[0037] In some embodiments, the control module includes a user interaction thread, a message main loop thread, a data acquisition thread, a data processing and logic judgment thread, a control output thread, and a data display thread.

[0038] The user interaction thread is responsible for responding to the graphical user interface and receiving operator instructions. The user interaction thread ensures that all operator instructions, such as button clicks and parameter inputs, can be received in real time, and that the interface will not lag or become unresponsive due to heavy background data processing or control tasks, thus improving the user experience.

[0039] The main message loop thread is used to receive instructions and events generated by the user interaction thread or other threads, parse them, prioritize and classify them, and then distribute them to the corresponding business processing threads.

[0040] The message main loop thread acts as the system's "traffic control center," receiving instructions and events from user interaction threads or other threads, parsing, prioritizing, and classifying them, and then accurately distributing them to the corresponding business processing threads (such as data processing threads and control output threads), thus achieving unified management and scheduling of requests.

[0041] The data acquisition thread is configured to continuously scan the communication interface with the lower-level machine, read data from sensors and device status feedback signals, and store this data in the shared data area.

[0042] The data acquisition thread scans all communication interfaces with the lower-level machine (such as PLC) at a high frequency (usually 100-500ms) in a loop, reads various sensor data (such as pressure, temperature, flow, liquid level) and equipment status feedback signals (such as valve opening / closing position, pump operating status) throughout the system in real time, and stores these data in the shared data area to provide decision-making basis for other threads.

[0043] The data processing and logic judgment thread obtains real-time data from the shared data area and performs calculations and judgments based on preset process algorithms and state logic; The data processing and logic judgment thread acquires real-time data from the shared data area and performs calculations and judgments based on preset process algorithms and state logic embedded with professional knowledge. For example, it continuously judges whether the pressure P2 of the 30L sample container is greater than 0.1MPa to trigger tritium carbon sample preparation, or monitors whether the liquid extraction action of the syringe pump J0 is completed to determine the next step. The core innovation of this thread lies in its ability to process the control logic of multiple independent monitoring tasks in parallel. For example, while the tritium carbon sample preparation process is in progress, it can independently judge and start the monitoring process for radioactive Kr / Xe, thereby achieving true multi-task parallel execution.

[0044] The control output thread is used to convert the control commands generated by the data processing thread into specific Modbus TCP communication instructions and send them to the corresponding registers of the PLC. The control output line is responsible for converting the control commands generated by the data processing thread (such as "open valve M1" or "set flow meter F2 to 1L / min") into specific Modbus TCP communication instructions and sending them to the corresponding registers of the PLC. This thread has an instruction readback verification function, that is, after sending the instruction, it will verify through the data acquisition thread whether the PLC status is consistent with the expected instruction, ensuring the accurate execution of the control action and forming a closed-loop control.

[0045] The data display thread is used to refresh the user interface to display real-time data, device status, and alarm information.

[0046] The data display thread is used to refresh the user interface. It presents real-time data, device status, alarm information, etc., to the operator in a graphical way (such as Mimic graph color changes, real-time curves, and numerical updates), ensuring the real-time nature and intuitiveness of monitoring information.

[0047] In some embodiments, the control module includes a data logging thread for storing information generated by the system.

[0048] The data logging thread is responsible for persistently storing all valuable information generated by the system. A hierarchical storage strategy is adopted: for real-time process data that needs to be recorded at high speed (such as pressure curves once per second, using the LabVIEW-optimized TDMS binary format), read and write efficiency is guaranteed; for data that needs to be stored and queried for a long time, such as alarm information, operation logs, and final monitoring results, it is written to the database to ensure data structure and traceability.

[0049] In some embodiments, the data processing and logic judgment thread manages the monitoring process, and the monitoring process status includes pump valve initialization, test initialization, start of experiment, parallel monitoring, sample transfer, measurement, cleaning, and end of experiment; The monitoring process state transition is triggered by preset conditions, which include whether the timer has timed out, the equipment feedback signal, and whether the process parameter threshold is met.

[0050] For example, the system will only automatically enter the "H-3 sample transfer" state after both the "tritium carbon sample preparation is completed" and "H-3 detector is ready" conditions are met simultaneously, and then precisely control the injection pump and multi-position valve to complete a series of complex liquid transfer operations.

[0051] In some embodiments, after the control output thread sends control commands to the lower-level execution unit, it reads back the lower-level machine status through the data acquisition thread to verify whether the commands have been executed correctly. If the verification fails, fault handling logic is triggered.

[0052] For example, the system testing process includes: The test begins with system initialization, such as pump and valve reset. Sampling then commences, for example, by starting the sampling pump and controlling the flow rate. A determination is made as to whether gaseous monitoring can proceed, for example, by checking if the catalytic oxidation furnace temperature exceeds 700°C and the cold trap temperature is below -50°C.

[0053] After entering the detection process, the tritium / carbon-14 monitoring branch proceeds as follows: gas sample catalytic oxidation → HTO / CO2 collection → liquid scintillation measurement.

[0054] Parallel monitoring trigger: Branch A (Tritium / Carbon-14): Automatically triggered when both catalytic temperature and cold trap temperature meet the target. Procedure: Catalytic oxidation of gaseous sample → HTO / CO2 collection → Transfer of liquid sample to scintillation bottle → Darkening → Scintillation counting measurement.

[0055] Branch B (γ nuclide): Direct triggering. Procedure: Gas is directly introduced into the HPGe detector cavity -> γ energy spectrum acquisition and analysis.

[0056] Branch C (Inert Gas): Triggered when the sampling flow rate is stable. Procedure: Low-temperature adsorption enrichment of Kr / Xe -> Desorption -> Transfer to the measuring chamber -> β / γ counting.

[0057] After each branch completes its measurement independently, it enters the data storage and processing stage.

[0058] Please see Figure 2 For example, a multi-nucleoside parallel monitoring system can perform multiple parallel monitoring tasks. Within a first preset time period, the tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation modules perform self-checks and sample preparation, while the krypton-xenon sample preparation module starts sample preparation; the array detector performs self-checks and cleaning; and the gamma detection module cleans, injects samples, and starts measurement.

[0059] After the monitoring system is started, the tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation modules first perform a self-test, and then start sample preparation. The self-test and sample preparation are completed within a first preset time. For example, the self-test is completed within the first hour, and the sample preparation is completed within the second to fourth hour, with the first preset time not exceeding 4 hours.

[0060] Within the first preset time period, the krypton-xenon sample preparation module prepares the sample. The array detector performs a self-check and cleaning process, which can be achieved by rinsing with a cleaning liquid to remove any residual liquid inside the array detector and improve detection accuracy. The gamma detection module starts detection after cleaning and sample introduction.

[0061] Sample introduction to the array detector occurs within the second preset time. After the tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation module prepares the sample within the first preset time, the array detector introduces the sample within the second preset time. After sample introduction to the array detector, the tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation module needs to be cleaned to prepare for the next cycle. The cleaning time of the tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation module is selected according to actual needs, since the tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation module only needs to prepare the sample once per preset cycle, and there is ample time after sample preparation.

[0062] For example, the second preset time can be 1 hour or other time periods, such as 0.5 hours, 1.5 hours, etc. The second preset time is after the first preset time. Taking a first preset time of 4 hours and a second preset time of 1 hour as an example, the second preset time is in the fifth hour of the preset cycle.

[0063] Within the second preset time period, the krypton and xenon measurement modules initiate measurements, while the gamma detection module continues measurement. The krypton and xenon measurement modules require less gas and have a shorter injection time, allowing for rapid sample injection and measurement within the second preset time. Conversely, if the krypton and xenon measurement modules have a longer detection time, they cannot complete the measurement within the second preset time and require an extended period.

[0064] The array detector is kept dark for a third preset time period to facilitate the detection of tritium, carbon-14, etc.

[0065] For example, the third preset time is not less than eight hours to ensure the accuracy of the detection. Taking the first preset time as 4 hours, the second preset time as 1 hour, and the third preset time as 8 hours as an example, the third preset time is between the sixth and twelfth hours of the preset cycle.

[0066] During the third preset time period, the krypton measurement module and the xenon measurement module continuously measure, and the gamma detection module continuously measures.

[0067] The array detector performs measurements within the fourth preset time period, and performs measurements again after the image is darkened.

[0068] For example, the fourth preset time is 9 to 11 hours, and can be 9 hours, 10 hours, 11 hours, etc. Taking the first preset time as 4 hours, the second preset time as 1 hour, the third preset time as 8 hours, and the fourth preset time as 10 hours as an example, the fourth preset time is within the range of the thirteenth to the twenty-third hour of the preset cycle.

[0069] Within the fourth preset time period, the krypton measurement module and the xenon measurement module continue to measure, and the gamma detection module continues to measure, until the array detector, the krypton measurement module, the xenon measurement module, and the gamma detection module have all completed their measurements; The sum of the first preset time, the second preset time, the third preset time, and the fourth preset time is less than the preset period, and the preset period is no more than 24 hours, thereby completing the monitoring that would otherwise take several days in one day and improving monitoring efficiency.

[0070] Throughout the preset cycle, the aerosol and iodine online monitoring module performs real-time measurements and monitoring.

[0071] For example, the system itself includes a dynamic Mimic process flow diagram, which is the core of the main monitoring interface. This diagram is an abstraction and simplification based on the physical connections of actual gas pipelines, valves, pumps, containers, detectors, and other equipment. In the diagram, equipment is represented by standard engineering symbols, and its current status is reflected in real time through color changes (green for off / normal, red for on / alarm, and gray for fault) and simple animations. More importantly, with authorization, operators can directly click on the corresponding equipment icons on the Mimic diagram to perform manual on / off interventions, achieving a high degree of integration between monitoring and operation.

[0072] All adjustable parameters of the system are configured via a software interface. The parameter interface is clearly categorized, including channel parameters, alarm thresholds, control parameters (such as pump speed and timing), and communication parameters. Parameters support online modification and offline file (such as CSV) import and export, facilitating parameter backup, batch updates, and rapid switching between different operating conditions, greatly enhancing the system's flexibility and adaptability.

[0073] The system features comprehensive intelligent alarm and event management, including real-time alarm notifications, alarm log recording, historical querying, and statistical functions. When the system detects any abnormal state, it immediately displays a prominent notification on the interface and records it. Simultaneously, the system comprehensively records all user actions, forming an auditable chain of operational events, providing a solid foundation for fault analysis and liability determination.

[0074] In some embodiments, the system of this application has an intelligent alarm module. The intelligent alarm module has an alarm interface that centrally manages multi-level alarm events triggered by gaseous process-specific faults (such as "abnormal sample flow rate", "catalytic oxidation furnace temperature exceeding limit", "Modbus TCP communication interruption").

[0075] The intelligent alarm module includes a real-time alarm notification bar, prominently located at the top of the interface, which displays the highest priority unacknowledged alarms as a scrolling bar. Alarm information includes: alarm code, a brief description such as "A001: Flow meter (F3) reading < 0.1 L / min", and the time of occurrence. Alarm levels are color-coded, for example, red (serious, immediate shutdown required), orange (major, process interruption), and yellow (warning, attention required).

[0076] The intelligent alarm module includes an alarm information details panel. Clicking on any alarm will display detailed information in the alarm information details panel, including but not limited to: Current value of alarm point: such as "Current flow rate: 0.05 L / min".

[0077] Related device status: such as "Inlet valve V2 status: Closed".

[0078] Automatic actions performed by the system: such as "The sampling pump has been automatically shut down".

[0079] Suggested solutions: such as "Please check if the intake pipe is blocked".

[0080] Alarm handling and confirmation process: Provides "Confirm" and "Reset" buttons. After operator confirmation, the alarm status changes from unconfirmed to confirmed; after the fault is cleared, the alarm status changes from unconfirmed / confirmed to cleared, forming a complete processing loop.

[0081] The intelligent alarm module includes historical alarm query and statistics. The historical alarm query and statistics support filtering and querying by time, alarm level, associated devices (such as "all alarms related to the tritium carbon monitoring module"), and can generate statistical reports for analyzing system weaknesses.

[0082] The system has a fault self-diagnosis and handling mechanism, and the software has preliminary system self-diagnosis capabilities. Upon system startup, a communication link self-check is performed. During operation, key parameters are continuously monitored. If an anomaly is detected (such as a prolonged discrepancy between the feedback status and the actual status after a valve command is issued), an alarm message is immediately recorded, and the system can automatically enter a safe state according to preset strategies, while simultaneously prompting operator intervention, demonstrating the system's intelligent fault-tolerant capabilities.

[0083] The system features multi-level access control, dividing users into different levels: operators and administrators. Operators have basic monitoring, data viewing, and alarm confirmation permissions; administrators have advanced permissions such as parameter modification, user management, and process control. Access control is precise down to specific functions and data items. The user management interface is shown below: User lifecycle management includes the entire process of adding, modifying, and deregistering users. When adding a user, basic information such as username, password, and permission level needs to be set; user information modification supports password reset and permission adjustment; after a user deregisters, they can no longer log in to the system, but their historical operation records are still retained.

[0084] The system features historical data analysis capabilities, and its flexible data query interface allows users to query historical data based on combinations of conditions such as variables and time ranges. Query results are displayed in both trend charts and data tables, and support statistical calculations (such as average, maximum, and minimum values). The historical data query interface is shown below: —The data export and report generation functions support exporting historical data to various formats (CSV, Excel, etc.) for further analysis and archiving. The system provides standard report templates and can automatically generate daily and monthly monitoring reports, greatly reducing the workload of manual report preparation.

[0085] The trend analysis tool has built-in various data analysis functions, such as data comparison, rate of change calculation, and outlier marking. Operators can use the cursor to precisely locate data at specific points in time for in-depth analysis.

[0086] The real-time system status monitoring function continuously monitors the operating status of various system components, including hardware connection status, software module operating status, and communication link quality. Abnormal states will be promptly alerted, and preliminary diagnostic suggestions will be provided.

[0087] The online help system integrates operation guides, troubleshooting procedures, parameter descriptions, and other documents, providing context-sensitive help information. Operators can directly query relevant help content when encountering problems, improving problem-solving efficiency.

[0088] The system maintenance reminder function automatically prompts for maintenance tasks that need to be performed based on running time or number of operations, such as sensor calibration and equipment maintenance, to ensure that the system is always in optimal working condition.

[0089] Please see Figure 3 The second aspect of this application provides a method for parallel monitoring of multiple nuclides in gaseous radioactive effluents. The monitoring method utilizes the parallel monitoring system for multiple nuclides in gaseous radioactive effluents described in any one of the above claims. The method includes: Step S210: Receive start signal, system initialization and self-test; Step S220: Start the main gas path sampling; Step S230: Determine the gaseous monitoring conditions; Step S240: When the gaseous monitoring conditions meet the preset conditions, perform multiple parallel monitoring tasks; Step S250: Clean and purge the detection system.

[0090] In some embodiments, multiple parallel monitoring tasks include tritium-carbon-14 branch monitoring, gamma nuclide branch monitoring, and krypton-xenon branch monitoring.

[0091] For example, this application represents a qualitative leap in monitoring efficiency: through a software multi-threaded architecture and parallel control logic, based on the online monitoring system for gaseous effluents, the analysis of radionuclides in all gaseous effluents is carried out in parallel mode, which greatly overlaps the monitoring cycles of H-3 / C-14, γ nuclides, and Kr / Xe, significantly shortening the total monitoring time and achieving near real-time multi-nucide monitoring capability.

[0092] Featuring full-process automation and high reliability, the system achieves complete automation from "one-click start" to "experiment end," greatly reducing manual intervention. Combined with closed-loop control, command feedback, real-time self-checking, and fault handling mechanisms, the system possesses high reliability and fault tolerance, ensuring long-term operational stability.

[0093] It features high integration and visualization, integrating scattered monitoring functions into a unified software platform. Through Mimic diagrams, it provides dynamic and visual monitoring of complex gas and liquid paths, making operation intuitive and facilitating centralized management.

[0094] It features accurate and traceable data, employs dual-track storage of TDMS and database, and balances high-speed reading and writing of real-time data with structured querying of historical data. Complete operation logs and alarm records ensure the integrity and traceability of monitoring data.

[0095] For example, multiple parallel monitoring tasks include...

[0096] Within the first preset time, the tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation modules perform self-checks and sample preparation, while the krypton-xenon sample preparation module starts sample preparation; the array detector performs self-checks and cleaning; and the gamma detection module cleans, injects samples, and starts measurement.

[0097] After the monitoring system is started, the tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation modules first perform a self-test, and then start sample preparation. The self-test and sample preparation are completed within a first preset time. For example, the self-test is completed within the first hour, and the sample preparation is completed within the second to fourth hour, with the first preset time not exceeding 4 hours.

[0098] Within the first preset time period, the krypton-xenon sample preparation module prepares the sample. The array detector performs a self-check and cleaning process, which can be achieved by rinsing with a cleaning liquid to remove any residual liquid inside the array detector and improve detection accuracy. The gamma detection module starts detection after cleaning and sample introduction.

[0099] Sample introduction to the array detector occurs within the second preset time. After the tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation module prepares the sample within the first preset time, the array detector introduces the sample within the second preset time. After sample introduction to the array detector, the tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation module needs to be cleaned to prepare for the next cycle. The cleaning time of the tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation module is selected according to actual needs, since the tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation module only needs to prepare the sample once per preset cycle, and there is ample time after sample preparation.

[0100] For example, the second preset time can be 1 hour or other time periods, such as 0.5 hours, 1.5 hours, etc. The second preset time is after the first preset time. Taking a first preset time of 4 hours and a second preset time of 1 hour as an example, the second preset time is in the fifth hour of the preset cycle.

[0101] Within the second preset time period, the krypton and xenon measurement modules initiate measurements, while the gamma detection module continues measurement. The krypton and xenon measurement modules require less gas and have a shorter injection time, allowing for rapid sample injection and measurement within the second preset time. Conversely, if the krypton and xenon measurement modules have a longer detection time, they cannot complete the measurement within the second preset time and require an extended period.

[0102] The array detector is kept dark for a third preset time period to facilitate the detection of tritium, carbon-14, etc.

[0103] For example, the third preset time is not less than eight hours to ensure the accuracy of the detection. Taking the first preset time as 4 hours, the second preset time as 1 hour, and the third preset time as 8 hours as an example, the third preset time is between the sixth and twelfth hours of the preset cycle.

[0104] During the third preset time period, the krypton measurement module and the xenon measurement module continuously measure, and the gamma detection module continuously measures.

[0105] The array detector performs measurements within the fourth preset time period, and performs measurements again after the image is darkened.

[0106] For example, the fourth preset time is 9 to 11 hours, and can be 9 hours, 10 hours, 11 hours, etc. Taking the first preset time as 4 hours, the second preset time as 1 hour, the third preset time as 8 hours, and the fourth preset time as 10 hours as an example, the fourth preset time is within the range of the thirteenth to the twenty-third hour of the preset cycle.

[0107] Within the fourth preset time period, the krypton measurement module and the xenon measurement module continue to measure, and the gamma detection module continues to measure, until the array detector, the krypton measurement module, the xenon measurement module, and the gamma detection module have all completed their measurements; The sum of the first preset time, the second preset time, the third preset time, and the fourth preset time is less than the preset period, and the preset period is no more than 24 hours, thereby completing the monitoring that would otherwise take several days in one day and improving monitoring efficiency.

[0108] Throughout the preset cycle, the aerosol and iodine online monitoring module performs real-time measurements and monitoring.

[0109] This application presents a parallel monitoring system for multiple nuclides in gaseous radioactive effluents. Through a control module, it achieves online monitoring of aerosols and iodine, tritium-carbon-14, gamma nuclides, and krypton-xenon. This system not only enables online monitoring of multiple nuclides, improving monitoring efficiency, but also allows for separate quantitative monitoring of each nuclide, enhancing accuracy. It effectively balances online and quantitative monitoring. Therefore, this application effectively overcomes some practical problems in existing technologies, thus possessing high utilization value and practical significance.

[0110] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this application should still be covered by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A parallel monitoring system for multiple nuclides in gaseous radioactive effluents, characterized in that, The system includes: An online aerosol and iodine monitoring module is configured to monitor aerosols and radioactive iodine in gas samples; A tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation module, the tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation module being configured to separate and prepare tritium and carbon-14 in a gas sample; An array detector, connected to a tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation module, is used to detect the tritium and carbon-14. The gamma detection module is configured to measure gamma characteristic rays; A krypton-xenon sample preparation module, configured to separate krypton and xenon; The krypton measurement module is configured to measure krypton; The xenon measurement module is configured to measure xenon. The control module controls the aerosol and iodine online monitoring module, the tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation module, the array detector, the gamma detection module, the krypton-xenon sample preparation module, the krypton measurement module, and the xenon measurement module to achieve parallel measurement of multiple nuclides in the gas sample.

2. The parallel monitoring system for multiple nuclides of gaseous radioactive effluents according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system includes: A buffer tank is connected to the online aerosol and iodine monitoring module, and the gamma detection module and the krypton-xenon sample preparation module take samples from the buffer tank.

3. The parallel monitoring system for multiple nuclides of gaseous radioactive effluents according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module includes: User interaction thread, configured to handle responses from the graphical user interface to receive operator instructions; The message main loop thread is configured to receive instructions and events generated by the user interaction thread or other threads, parse them, prioritize and classify them, and then distribute them to the corresponding business processing threads. The data acquisition thread is configured to cyclically scan the communication interface with the lower-level machine, read data from various sensors and device status feedback signals, and store this data in a shared data area. The data processing and logic judgment thread obtains real-time data from the shared data area and performs calculations and judgments based on preset process algorithms and state logic. A control output thread is configured to convert control commands generated by the data processing thread into specific Modbus TCP communication instructions and send them to the corresponding registers of the PLC. A data display thread is configured to refresh the user interface to display real-time data, device status, and alarm information.

4. The parallel monitoring system for multiple nuclides of gaseous radioactive effluents according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control module includes: A data recording thread, configured to store information generated by the system.

5. The parallel monitoring system for multiple nuclides of gaseous radioactive effluents according to claim 4, characterized in that, The data recording thread uses hierarchical storage, where real-time process data uses the LabVIEW-optimized TDMS binary format; alarm information, operation logs, and final monitoring results are written to the database.

6. The parallel monitoring system for multiple nuclides of gaseous radioactive effluents according to claim 3, characterized in that, The data processing and logic judgment thread is configured to manage the monitoring process, which includes the status of pump and valve initialization, test initialization, start of experiment, parallel monitoring, sample transfer, measurement, cleaning, and end of experiment. The monitoring process state transition is triggered by preset conditions, including whether the timer has timed out, the equipment feedback signal, and whether the process parameter threshold is met.

7. The parallel monitoring system for multiple nuclides of gaseous radioactive effluents according to claim 3, characterized in that, After the control output thread sends control commands to the lower-level machine execution unit, it reads back the status of the lower-level machine through the data acquisition thread to verify whether the commands have been executed correctly. If the verification fails, the fault handling logic will be triggered.

8. A method for parallel monitoring of multiple nuclides in gaseous radioactive effluents, characterized in that, The monitoring method utilizes the parallel monitoring system for multiple nuclides of gaseous radioactive effluents as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, and the method comprises: Receive start signal, system initialization and self-test; Initiate main gas path sampling; Determine the gaseous monitoring conditions, and when the gaseous monitoring conditions meet the preset conditions, perform multiple parallel monitoring tasks; Clean and purge the monitoring system.

9. The method for parallel monitoring of multiple nuclides in gaseous radioactive effluents according to claim 8, characterized in that, Multiple parallel monitoring tasks include tritium-carbon-14 branch monitoring, gamma nuclide branch monitoring, and krypton-xenon branch monitoring.

10. The method for parallel monitoring of multiple nuclides in gaseous radioactive effluents according to claim 8, characterized in that, Multiple parallel monitoring tasks include: Within the first preset time, the tritium and carbon-14 sample preparation modules perform self-checks and sample preparation, while the krypton-xenon sample preparation module starts sample preparation; the array detector performs self-checks and cleaning; the gamma detection module cleans, injects samples, and starts measurement. Within the second preset time period, the array detector introduces the sample; the krypton measurement module and the xenon measurement module start the measurement, and the gamma detection module continues the measurement; During the third preset time period, the array detector is darkened, the krypton measurement module and the xenon measurement module continue to measure, and the γ detection module continues to measure. Within the fourth preset time period, the array detector performs measurements, the krypton measurement module and the xenon measurement module continuously measure, and the gamma detection module continuously measures until the array detector, the krypton measurement module, the xenon measurement module, and the gamma detection module have all completed their measurements. The sum of the first preset time, the second preset time, the third preset time, and the fourth preset time is less than the preset period, and the preset period is no more than twenty-four hours.

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