Inversion methods, apparatus, equipment, media and products for slotted reservoirs

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of seismic data interpretation technology, and particularly to an inversion method, apparatus, equipment, medium, and product for fractured-vuggy reservoirs. The method includes: constructing an active profile model framework for fractured-vuggy reservoirs; constructing a wave impedance inversion objective function based on the active profile model framework; solving the wave impedance inversion objective function to obtain the impedance parameters and boundary set of the fractured-vuggy reservoirs; which can improve the accuracy of the inversion results for fractured-vuggy reservoirs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seismic data interpretation technology, and in particular to an inversion method, apparatus, equipment, medium, and product for fracture-vuggy reservoirs. Background Technology

[0002] Fractured-vuggy reservoirs are favorable areas for hydrocarbon accumulation, and the study of their fine contour features is a key factor influencing development. The deep burial and weak signal of fractured-vuggy bodies, coupled with their complex structural features, make prediction challenging, affecting high-precision prediction and target design. Studies on the outer contour of fractured-vuggy reservoirs mainly utilize attribute and inversion methods to characterize the subsurface medium, and then spatially sculpt fractured-vuggy reservoirs using statistical values ​​of reservoir parameters from existing drilling and logging data. However, in areas with limited logging data, the statistical sampling is small, leading to inaccurate threshold results due to limitations in sample size and distribution. This field presents a technical problem of inaccurate inversion results for fractured-vuggy reservoirs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides an inversion method, apparatus, equipment, medium, and product for slotted and void reservoirs, solving the technical problem of inaccurate inversion results for slotted and void reservoirs.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an inversion method for slotted and voided reservoirs, the method comprising: constructing an active profile model framework for the slotted and voided reservoir; constructing a wave impedance inversion objective function based on the active profile model framework; and solving the wave impedance inversion objective function to obtain the impedance parameters and boundary set of the slotted and voided reservoir.

[0005] In some embodiments, the step of constructing an active profile model framework for a fractured-vuggy reservoir further includes: acquiring well logging information and well-side seismic trace data; performing well-seismic calibration based on the well logging information and well-side seismic trace data; and substituting the well-seismic calibration data into the active profile model framework for the fractured-vuggy reservoir.

[0006] In some embodiments, the active contour model framework includes: a data fitting term, a block smoothing term, and a model internal parameter interface integration term.

[0007] In some embodiments, constructing a wave impedance inversion objective function based on an active profile model framework includes: replacing the data fitting term of the active profile model framework with the inversion term in the objective equation of the stacked wave impedance inversion to obtain the wave impedance inversion objective function.

[0008] In some embodiments, the objective equation for post-stack impedance inversion includes the objective equation for post-stack impedance inversion in the two-dimensional multi-channel case.

[0009] In some embodiments, the step of solving the wave impedance inversion objective function to obtain the impedance parameters and boundary set of the slotted reservoir includes: solving the wave impedance inversion objective function using the conjugate gradient method and / or the quasi-Newton nonlinear inversion method to obtain the impedance parameters and boundary set of the slotted reservoir.

[0010] Secondly, the present invention provides an inversion device for a slotted-vuggy reservoir, the device comprising: a frame construction module for constructing an active profile model frame for the slotted-vuggy reservoir; a function construction module for constructing a wave impedance inversion objective function based on the active profile model frame; and a function solving module for solving the wave impedance inversion objective function to obtain the impedance parameters and boundary set of the slotted-vuggy reservoir.

[0011] Thirdly, the present invention provides a computer device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the inversion method for any of the above-described slotted storage collections.

[0012] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the inversion method for slotted storage collectives according to any of the above aspects.

[0013] Fifthly, the present invention provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the inversion method for slotted storage collectives according to any of the above aspects.

[0014] This invention provides an inversion method, apparatus, device, medium, and product for slotted and vulnerable reservoirs. The method includes: constructing an active profile model framework for the slotted and vulnerable reservoir; constructing a wave impedance inversion objective function based on the active profile model framework; solving the wave impedance inversion objective function to obtain the impedance parameters and boundary set of the slotted and vulnerable reservoir; which can improve the accuracy of the inversion results for slotted and vulnerable reservoirs. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to embodiments and the accompanying drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating an inversion method for slotted reservoirs provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an inversion device for a slotted reservoir provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the process of simultaneously inverting the elastic parameters and boundary surfaces of a slotted reservoir based on an active contour model, as an application example of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the segmentation effect of an active contour model framework under different weight parameters, provided as an application example of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a real seismic data profile provided as an application example of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an initial model of an interface set provided as an application example of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the interface set inversion result provided as an application example of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a wave impedance inversion result provided as an application example of the present invention.

[0024] In the accompanying drawings, the same parts are referred to by the same reference numerals, and the drawings are not drawn to scale. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention and to fully understand and implement the process of how the present invention uses technical means to solve technical problems and achieve corresponding technical effects, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention and the various features therein can be combined with each other without conflict, and the resulting technical solutions are all within the protection scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0027] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0028] Fractured-vuggy reservoirs are favorable areas for hydrocarbon accumulation, and the study of their fine contour features is a key factor influencing development. The deep burial and weak signal of fractured-vuggy bodies, coupled with their complex structural features, make prediction challenging, affecting high-precision prediction and target design. Studies on the outer contour of fractured-vuggy reservoirs mainly utilize attribute and inversion methods to characterize the subsurface medium, and then spatially sculpt fractured-vuggy reservoirs using statistical values ​​of reservoir parameters from existing drilling and logging data. However, in areas with limited logging data, the statistical sampling is small, leading to inaccurate threshold results due to limitations in sample size and distribution. This field presents a technical problem of inaccurate inversion results for fractured-vuggy reservoirs.

[0029] To address the technical problem of inaccurate inversion results for fractured-vuggy reservoirs, this invention proposes an inversion method, apparatus, equipment, medium, and product for fractured-vuggy reservoirs. The implementation details of this invention are described below for ease of understanding and are not essential for implementing this solution.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an inversion method for slotted reservoirs provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown in the technical solution of this embodiment, an inversion method for slotted and voided reservoirs is provided. The method includes: constructing an active profile model framework for slotted and voided reservoirs; constructing a wave impedance inversion objective function based on the active profile model framework; solving the wave impedance inversion objective function to obtain the impedance parameters and boundary set of the slotted and voided reservoirs.

[0032] The technical problem this embodiment aims to solve is how to improve the accuracy of the inversion results for fractured-vuggy reservoirs. The technical solution of this embodiment first constructs an active contour model framework for fractured-vuggy reservoirs. This active contour model framework includes data fitting terms, block smoothing terms, and model internal parameter interface integration terms. Data fitting terms are used to present the segmentation effect of the original model; block smoothing terms control the smoothness of each unit body in the segmented image. For example, a larger value of the first weighting factor α means a stronger smoothness within each unit body of the segmented image, but it may also cause weak gradient image boundaries to be ignored due to smoothing; the model internal parameter interface integration terms help integrate relevant interface parameters. Well-seismic calibration based on well logging information and well-side seismic trace data involves correlating well logging data with seismic data in a preset manner, making subsequent data processing more correlated. Then, the well-seismic calibration data is substituted into the active contour model framework of the fractured-vuggy reservoir, giving it a data foundation that conforms to the actual situation. Next, an objective function for wave impedance inversion is constructed based on the active profile model framework. By replacing the data fitting terms of the active profile model framework with the inversion terms in the objective equation of the post-stack wave impedance inversion, a suitable objective function for wave impedance inversion is obtained. Finally, the objective function for wave impedance inversion is solved using the conjugate gradient method and / or the quasi-Newton nonlinear inversion method, thereby obtaining the impedance parameters and boundary set of the slotted reservoir.

[0033] The technical solution of this embodiment, through the aforementioned series of steps, has played a crucial role in the practical inversion application of fractured-vuggy reservoirs. For example, in a certain actual work area, it exhibits typical fractured-vuggy reservoir characteristics, namely, a discrete, strong-amplitude "beaded" response in the seismic profile, and the well logging information in the work area only reaches the top of the target layer, lacking effective prior model information. Using the technical solution of this embodiment, when constructing the active profile model framework, well-seismic calibration is completed based on existing limited data and substituted into the framework, fully utilizing existing data for reasonable model construction. The step of constructing the wave impedance inversion objective function ensures that subsequent inversion proceeds in a direction consistent with the characteristics of the actual reservoir. Solving for the impedance parameters and boundary set ultimately clearly characterizes the boundaries of the fractured-vuggy body, avoiding reliance on statistical thresholds from logging and drilling information. The inversion results clearly show the lateral variations of the surrounding rock and reservoir, perfectly matching the discrete distribution characteristics of fractured-vuggy reservoirs, greatly improving the accuracy of the inversion results, and providing a reliable basis for further research and development of fractured-vuggy reservoirs in this work area.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] Based on the above embodiments, the step of constructing an active profile model framework for fractured-vuggy reservoirs further includes: acquiring well logging information and well-side seismic trace data; performing well-seismic calibration based on the well logging information and well-side seismic trace data; and substituting the well-seismic calibration data into the active profile model framework for fractured-vuggy reservoirs.

[0036] The technical problem this embodiment aims to solve is how to construct an active profile model framework for fractured-vuggy reservoirs. The technical solution in this embodiment involves several steps in constructing the active profile model framework for fractured-vuggy reservoirs. First, well logging information and wellbore seismic trace data are acquired. Well logging information includes data such as the physical properties of the formation rocks measured downhole, while wellbore seismic trace data is seismic-related data collected around the well. These are the foundational data sources for subsequent operations. Next, well-seismic calibration is performed based on the well logging information and wellbore seismic trace data. This process utilizes methods such as seismic convolution forward modeling to ensure accurate correspondence between well logging data and seismic data, allowing data from different sources to be used collaboratively for subsequent analysis and processing. Then, the well-seismic calibration data is substituted into the active profile model framework of the fractured-vuggy reservoir. This active profile model framework has important components, such as the data fitting term, which is mainly responsible for segmenting the original model to present the corresponding effect; the block smoothing term can control the smoothness of the unit body, which is affected by the weighting factor. For example, different α values ​​will change the smoothness of the unit body, thus affecting the overall segmentation effect; the model internal parameter interface integration term can integrate and optimize the interface-related parameters to ensure that the model framework can reasonably represent the fractured-vuggy reservoir.

[0037] The technical solution of this embodiment, through the process of acquiring and utilizing relevant data for well-seismic calibration before incorporating it into the model framework, demonstrates significant effectiveness in the inversion application of fractured-vuggy reservoirs. For example, in a certain actual work area described in the above embodiment, this area exhibits typical fractured-vuggy reservoir characteristics due to hydrothermal dissolution and multiple phases of tectonic movement, and suffers from limited well logging information. According to the technical solution of this embodiment, existing well logging information and well-side seismic trace data are first collected. Although the well logging information for some wells only extends to the top of the target layer, through reasonable well-seismic calibration, this data can still be utilized to the maximum extent to construct an active profile model framework, allowing the framework to closely match the actual geological conditions and fractured-vuggy reservoir characteristics of the work area. The constructed active profile model framework thus lays a solid foundation for subsequent work such as constructing the objective function for impedance inversion, enabling the entire inversion process to more accurately reflect the true condition of the fractured-vuggy reservoir, and providing strong support for accurately determining the distribution and boundaries of fractured-vuggy bodies and subsequent development decisions.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] Based on the above embodiments, the active contour model framework includes: data fitting terms, block smoothing terms, and model internal parameter interface integration terms.

[0040] The technical problem this embodiment addresses is how to construct an active contour model framework for slotted reservoirs. The technical solution in this embodiment includes the construction of a data fitting term, a block smoothing term, and a model internal parameter interface integration term. The data fitting term plays a crucial role in segmenting and presenting the original model within the framework. Through preset calculation and processing methods, it allows the model to segment according to corresponding rules for better subsequent analysis and processing. The block smoothing term plays a key controlling role in the smoothness of each unit body in the segmented image. The magnitude of the weighting factor α has a significant impact; for example, increasing the α value enhances the smoothness within the unit body, but it may also cause image boundaries with weak gradients to be ignored due to excessive smoothing. Therefore, this parameter value needs to be set reasonably according to the actual situation. The model internal parameter interface integration term is used to better integrate the interface conditions related to the model's internal parameters, ensuring the rationality and accuracy of the entire model framework when processing data related to slotted reservoirs. During the construction process, the interrelationships between these components and their respective functional characteristics are fully considered, allowing them to work synergistically to jointly construct an active contour model framework that conforms to the characteristics of slotted reservoirs.

[0041] The technical solution of this embodiment is constructed by clearly defining the functions and interrelationships of each component of the active profile model framework, demonstrating good results in actual fractured-vuggy reservoir inversion applications. For example, in a specific actual work area, the seismic profile exhibits a typical fractured-vuggy reservoir characteristic of discretely distributed, strong-amplitude "beaded" responses, and the work area also suffers from limitations in well logging information. Using the technical solution of this embodiment to construct an active profile model framework, based on the segmentation function of the data fitting term, the complex geological model of the work area can be reasonably divided, laying the foundation for further analysis. By controlling the smoothing degree with a block smoothing term, parameters are adjusted according to the actual situation of the work area, avoiding unreasonable smoothing from interfering with boundary judgment. Through the integration of interface parameters via the model internal parameter interface integration term, the constructed framework can accurately reflect the internal structure and boundary conditions of the fractured-vuggy reservoir in the work area, providing an accurate model basis for subsequent wave impedance inversion and other work, thereby helping to more accurately determine the distribution, boundaries, and other key information of fractured-vuggy bodies.

[0042] Example 4

[0043] Based on the above embodiments, a wave impedance inversion objective function is constructed based on the active profile model framework, including: replacing the data fitting term of the active profile model framework with the inversion term in the objective equation of the stacked wave impedance inversion to obtain the wave impedance inversion objective function.

[0044] The technical problem this embodiment aims to solve is how to construct an impedance inversion objective function based on an active profile model framework. In this embodiment, the original data fitting term in the active profile model framework has a segmentation effect on the original model. When constructing the impedance inversion objective function, this data fitting term needs to be replaced with the inversion term in the objective equation of the post-stack impedance inversion. The objective equation of post-stack impedance inversion, especially in the case of two-dimensional multi-channel inversion, is derived from seismic forward modeling theory. For example, its basic theory is based on the single-channel convolutional model seismic forward modeling method. In the two-dimensional case, it derives the corresponding equation expression by simultaneously solving all seismic traces on the two-dimensional seismic profile during inversion. After replacing the data fitting term of the active profile model framework as required, an impedance inversion objective function that meets the actual needs can be obtained. This function plays a crucial role in the subsequent accurate inversion of the impedance parameters of fractured-vuggy reservoirs, enabling the entire inversion process to proceed in the direction of accurately acquiring relevant parameters and boundary information.

[0045] The technical solution of this embodiment constructs a wave impedance inversion objective function by replacing the data fitting terms of the active profile model framework with specific inversion terms. This has significant implications for practical applications of fractured-vuggy reservoir inversion. For example, in a certain actual work area, this area exhibits obvious fractured-vuggy reservoir characteristics and faces limited well logging information. By constructing the wave impedance inversion objective function according to the technical solution of this embodiment, and utilizing the existing active profile model framework, reasonable replacements are made based on the objective equation of post-stack wave impedance inversion, providing accurate target guidance for subsequent inversion work. In this way, during the actual inversion calculation process, the wave impedance parameters and boundary sets of the fractured-vuggy reservoir can be accurately solved by combining the seismic data and other relevant data of the work area. The inversion results clearly show the distribution, shape, and defined boundaries of the fractured-vuggy bodies in the work area, avoiding the uncertainties introduced by relying on statistical thresholds in traditional methods, and are consistent with the discrete distribution characteristics of fractured-vuggy reservoirs in the work area.

[0046] Example 5

[0047] Based on the above embodiments, the objective equation for post-stack impedance inversion includes the objective equation for post-stack impedance inversion in the case of two-dimensional multi-channel.

[0048] The technical problem to be solved in this embodiment is how to construct the target equation for post-stack impedance inversion. In the technical solution of this embodiment, constructing the target equation for post-stack impedance inversion requires a foundation in relevant seismic forward modeling theory. The single-channel seismic convolution model is the theoretical starting point of this embodiment. Its expression presents the relationship between the amplitude values, wavelet amplitude values, seismic record vectors, forward modeling operator matrices, and model parameter vectors at each sampling point in a single-channel seismic record. In two-dimensional impedance inversion, based on the single-channel convolution model, all seismic traces on the two-dimensional seismic profile are combined during inversion. For example, assuming there are m seismic records in the two-dimensional seismic profile, the forward modeling equation for the two-dimensional case, as shown in the expression, can be derived through corresponding derivation. Then, based on this forward modeling equation, the target equation for post-stack impedance inversion is derived. This target equation reflects the correlation between seismic data and impedance models in the case of two-dimensional multi-channel seismic data.

[0049] The technical solution of this embodiment, by progressively deriving the target equation for post-stack impedance inversion based on seismic forward modeling theory, has played a crucial role in practical applications of fractured-vuggy reservoir inversion. For example, in actual work areas, there are typical characteristics of fractured-vuggy reservoirs, such as discretely distributed strong amplitude "beaded" responses in seismic profiles, and insufficient well logging information. This embodiment's technical solution constructs the target equation for post-stack impedance inversion. Based on this equation, and in conjunction with an active profile model framework, subsequent work such as constructing the impedance inversion objective function is carried out, ensuring that the entire inversion process closely reflects the actual geological and seismic data of the work area. During actual inversion, the relationships embodied in the target equation can be used to accurately solve for relevant parameters. The final inversion results clearly present the impedance parameters and boundary conditions of the fractured-vuggy reservoir, avoiding inaccuracies caused by limitations in well logging information.

[0050] Example 6

[0051] Based on the above embodiments, the steps of solving the wave impedance inversion objective function to obtain the impedance parameters and boundary set of the slotted reservoir include: solving the wave impedance inversion objective function using the conjugate gradient method and / or the quasi-Newton nonlinear inversion method to obtain the impedance parameters and boundary set of the slotted reservoir.

[0052] The technical problem to be solved in this embodiment is how to solve the wave impedance inversion objective function. In the technical solution of this embodiment, the process of solving the wave impedance inversion objective function to obtain the impedance parameters and boundary set of a slotted reservoir utilizes the conjugate gradient method and / or a quasi-Newton nonlinear inversion method. The conjugate gradient method iteratively calculates and gradually approximates the optimal solution based on information such as the gradient of the objective function. In each iteration, the direction is adjusted based on the existing calculation results, moving towards a smaller objective function value. The quasi-Newton nonlinear inversion method is also based on the iterative principle, using approximate Hessian matrix and other relevant information to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the solution, and can better handle nonlinear objective functions. When solving the wave impedance inversion objective function, a suitable method is selected or a combination of these two methods is used according to the characteristics of the function and the actual data. The two-dimensional longitudinal wave impedance model space and the interface set in the objective function are processed separately, thereby gradually obtaining the impedance parameters and boundary set of the slotted reservoir.

[0053] The technical solution of this embodiment employs the conjugate gradient method and / or the quasi-Newtonian nonlinear inversion method to solve the acoustic impedance inversion objective function, demonstrating significant effectiveness in practical applications of fractured-vuggy reservoir inversion. For example, in a specific work area exhibiting typical fractured-vuggy reservoir characteristics and limited well logging information, the technical solution of this embodiment, when faced with complex geological conditions and the corresponding acoustic impedance inversion objective function, leverages the iterative characteristics of the conjugate gradient method and the advantages of the quasi-Newtonian nonlinear inversion method in handling nonlinear problems. This allows for accurate extraction of the impedance parameters and boundary sets of the fractured-vuggy reservoir from the objective function. The final inversion results clearly characterize the boundaries of the fractured-vuggy bodies, effectively reflecting their distribution and shape in the profile. This avoids the need for traditional methods relying on statistical thresholds based on well logging and drilling information, which are inconsistent with the discrete distribution characteristics of fractured-vuggy reservoirs in the work area.

[0054] Example 7

[0055] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an inversion device for a slotted reservoir provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown in the technical solution of this embodiment, an inversion device for a slotted-vuggy reservoir is provided. The device includes: a frame construction module for constructing an active profile model frame for the slotted-vuggy reservoir; a function construction module for constructing a wave impedance inversion objective function based on the active profile model frame; and a function solving module for solving the wave impedance inversion objective function to obtain the impedance parameters and boundary set of the slotted-vuggy reservoir.

[0056] The technical problem this embodiment aims to solve is how to improve the accuracy of the inversion results for fractured-vuggy reservoirs. The technical solution of this embodiment first constructs an active contour model framework for fractured-vuggy reservoirs. This active contour model framework includes data fitting terms, block smoothing terms, and model internal parameter interface integration terms. Data fitting terms are used to present the segmentation effect of the original model; block smoothing terms control the smoothness of each unit body in the segmented image. For example, a larger value of the first weighting factor α means a stronger smoothness within each unit body of the segmented image, but it may also cause weak gradient image boundaries to be ignored due to smoothing; the model internal parameter interface integration terms help integrate relevant interface parameters. Well-seismic calibration based on well logging information and well-side seismic trace data involves correlating well logging data with seismic data in a preset manner, making subsequent data processing more correlated. Then, the well-seismic calibration data is substituted into the active contour model framework of the fractured-vuggy reservoir, giving it a data foundation that conforms to the actual situation. Next, an objective function for wave impedance inversion is constructed based on the active profile model framework. By replacing the data fitting terms of the active profile model framework with the inversion terms in the objective equation of the post-stack wave impedance inversion, a suitable objective function for wave impedance inversion is obtained. Finally, the objective function for wave impedance inversion is solved using the conjugate gradient method and / or a quasi-Newtonian nonlinear inversion device, thereby obtaining the impedance parameters and boundary set of the slotted reservoir.

[0057] The technical solution of this embodiment, through the aforementioned series of steps, has played a crucial role in the practical inversion application of fractured-vuggy reservoirs. For example, in a certain actual work area, it exhibits typical fractured-vuggy reservoir characteristics, namely, a discrete, strong-amplitude "beaded" response in the seismic profile, and the well logging information in the work area only reaches the top of the target layer, lacking effective prior model information. Using the technical solution of this embodiment, when constructing the active profile model framework, well-seismic calibration is completed based on existing limited data and substituted into the framework, fully utilizing existing data for reasonable model construction. The step of constructing the wave impedance inversion objective function ensures that subsequent inversion proceeds in a direction consistent with the characteristics of the actual reservoir. Solving for the impedance parameters and boundary set ultimately clearly characterizes the boundaries of the fractured-vuggy body, avoiding reliance on statistical thresholds from logging and drilling information. The inversion results clearly show the lateral variations of the surrounding rock and reservoir, perfectly matching the discrete distribution characteristics of fractured-vuggy reservoirs, greatly improving the accuracy of the inversion results, and providing a reliable basis for further research and development of fractured-vuggy reservoirs in this work area.

[0058] Based on the above embodiments, the step of constructing an active profile model framework for fractured-vuggy reservoirs further includes: acquiring well logging information and well-side seismic trace data; performing well-seismic calibration based on the well logging information and well-side seismic trace data; and substituting the well-seismic calibration data into the active profile model framework for fractured-vuggy reservoirs.

[0059] The technical problem this embodiment aims to solve is how to construct an active profile model framework for fractured-vuggy reservoirs. The technical solution in this embodiment involves several steps in constructing the active profile model framework for fractured-vuggy reservoirs. First, well logging information and wellbore seismic trace data are acquired. Well logging information includes data such as the physical properties of the formation rocks measured downhole, while wellbore seismic trace data is seismic-related data collected around the well. These are the foundational data sources for subsequent operations. Next, well-seismic calibration is performed based on the well logging information and wellbore seismic trace data. This process utilizes methods such as seismic convolution forward modeling to ensure accurate correspondence between well logging data and seismic data, allowing data from different sources to be used collaboratively for subsequent analysis and processing. Then, the well-seismic calibration data is substituted into the active profile model framework of the fractured-vuggy reservoir. This active profile model framework has important components, such as the data fitting term, which is mainly responsible for segmenting the original model to present the corresponding effect; the block smoothing term can control the smoothness of the unit body, which is affected by the weighting factor. For example, different α values ​​will change the smoothness of the unit body, thus affecting the overall segmentation effect; the model internal parameter interface integration term can integrate and optimize the interface-related parameters to ensure that the model framework can reasonably represent the fractured-vuggy reservoir.

[0060] The technical solution of this embodiment, through the process of acquiring and utilizing relevant data for well-seismic calibration before incorporating it into the model framework, demonstrates significant effectiveness in the inversion application of fractured-vuggy reservoirs. For example, in a certain actual work area described in the above embodiment, this area exhibits typical fractured-vuggy reservoir characteristics due to hydrothermal dissolution and multiple phases of tectonic movement, and suffers from limited well logging information. According to the technical solution of this embodiment, existing well logging information and well-side seismic trace data are first collected. Although the well logging information for some wells only extends to the top of the target layer, through reasonable well-seismic calibration, this data can still be utilized to the maximum extent to construct an active profile model framework, allowing the framework to closely match the actual geological conditions and fractured-vuggy reservoir characteristics of the work area. The constructed active profile model framework thus lays a solid foundation for subsequent work such as constructing the objective function for impedance inversion, enabling the entire inversion process to more accurately reflect the true condition of the fractured-vuggy reservoir, and providing strong support for accurately determining the distribution and boundaries of fractured-vuggy bodies and subsequent development decisions.

[0061] Based on the above embodiments, the active contour model framework includes: data fitting terms, block smoothing terms, and model internal parameter interface integration terms.

[0062] The technical problem this embodiment addresses is how to construct an active contour model framework for slotted reservoirs. The technical solution in this embodiment includes the construction of a data fitting term, a block smoothing term, and a model internal parameter interface integration term. The data fitting term plays a crucial role in segmenting and presenting the original model within the framework. Through preset calculation and processing methods, it allows the model to segment according to corresponding rules for better subsequent analysis and processing. The block smoothing term plays a key controlling role in the smoothness of each unit body in the segmented image. The magnitude of the weighting factor α has a significant impact; for example, increasing the α value enhances the smoothness within the unit body, but it may also cause image boundaries with weak gradients to be ignored due to excessive smoothing. Therefore, this parameter value needs to be set reasonably according to the actual situation. The model internal parameter interface integration term is used to better integrate the interface conditions related to the model's internal parameters, ensuring the rationality and accuracy of the entire model framework when processing data related to slotted reservoirs. During the construction process, the interrelationships between these components and their respective functional characteristics are fully considered, allowing them to work synergistically to jointly construct an active contour model framework that conforms to the characteristics of slotted reservoirs.

[0063] The technical solution of this embodiment is constructed by clearly defining the functions and interrelationships of each component of the active profile model framework, demonstrating good results in actual fractured-vuggy reservoir inversion applications. For example, in a specific actual work area, the seismic profile exhibits a typical fractured-vuggy reservoir characteristic of discretely distributed, strong-amplitude "beaded" responses, and the work area also suffers from limitations in well logging information. Using the technical solution of this embodiment to construct an active profile model framework, based on the segmentation function of the data fitting term, the complex geological model of the work area can be reasonably divided, laying the foundation for further analysis. By controlling the smoothing degree with a block smoothing term, parameters are adjusted according to the actual situation of the work area, avoiding unreasonable smoothing from interfering with boundary judgment. Through the integration of interface parameters via the model internal parameter interface integration term, the constructed framework can accurately reflect the internal structure and boundary conditions of the fractured-vuggy reservoir in the work area, providing an accurate model basis for subsequent wave impedance inversion and other work, thereby helping to more accurately determine the distribution, boundaries, and other key information of fractured-vuggy bodies.

[0064] Based on the above embodiments, a wave impedance inversion objective function is constructed based on the active profile model framework, including: replacing the data fitting term of the active profile model framework with the inversion term in the objective equation of the stacked wave impedance inversion to obtain the wave impedance inversion objective function.

[0065] The technical problem this embodiment aims to solve is how to construct an impedance inversion objective function based on an active profile model framework. In this embodiment, the original data fitting term in the active profile model framework has a segmentation effect on the original model. When constructing the impedance inversion objective function, this data fitting term needs to be replaced with the inversion term in the objective equation of the post-stack impedance inversion. The objective equation of post-stack impedance inversion, especially in the case of two-dimensional multi-channel inversion, is derived from seismic forward modeling theory. For example, its basic theory is based on a single-channel convolutional model seismic forward modeling device. In the two-dimensional case, all seismic traces on the two-dimensional seismic profile are combined during inversion to derive the corresponding equation expression. After replacing the data fitting term of the active profile model framework as required, an impedance inversion objective function that meets the actual needs can be obtained. This function plays a crucial role in the subsequent accurate inversion of the impedance parameters of fractured-vuggy reservoirs, enabling the entire inversion process to proceed in the direction of accurately acquiring relevant parameters and boundary information.

[0066] The technical solution of this embodiment constructs a wave impedance inversion objective function by replacing the data fitting terms of the active profile model framework with specific inversion terms. This has significant implications for practical applications of fractured-vuggy reservoir inversion. For example, in a certain actual work area, this area exhibits obvious fractured-vuggy reservoir characteristics and faces limited well logging information. By constructing the wave impedance inversion objective function according to the technical solution of this embodiment, and utilizing the existing active profile model framework, reasonable replacements are made based on the objective equation of post-stack wave impedance inversion, providing accurate target guidance for subsequent inversion work. In this way, during the actual inversion calculation process, the wave impedance parameters and boundary sets of the fractured-vuggy reservoir can be accurately solved by combining the seismic data and other relevant data of the work area. The inversion results clearly show the distribution, shape, and defined boundaries of the fractured-vuggy bodies in the work area, avoiding the uncertainties introduced by relying on statistical thresholds in traditional devices, and perfectly matching the discrete distribution characteristics of fractured-vuggy reservoirs in the work area.

[0067] Based on the above embodiments, the objective equation for post-stack impedance inversion includes the objective equation for post-stack impedance inversion in the case of two-dimensional multi-channel.

[0068] The technical problem to be solved in this embodiment is how to construct the target equation for post-stack impedance inversion. In the technical solution of this embodiment, constructing the target equation for post-stack impedance inversion requires a foundation in relevant seismic forward modeling theory. The single-channel seismic convolution model is the theoretical starting point of this embodiment. Its expression presents the relationship between the amplitude values, wavelet amplitude values, seismic record vectors, forward modeling operator matrices, and model parameter vectors at each sampling point in a single-channel seismic record. In two-dimensional impedance inversion, based on the single-channel convolution model, all seismic traces on the two-dimensional seismic profile are combined during inversion. For example, assuming there are m seismic records in the two-dimensional seismic profile, the forward modeling equation for the two-dimensional case, as shown in the expression, can be derived through corresponding derivation. Then, based on this forward modeling equation, the target equation for post-stack impedance inversion is derived. This target equation reflects the correlation between seismic data and impedance models in the case of two-dimensional multi-channel seismic data.

[0069] The technical solution of this embodiment, by progressively deriving the target equation for post-stack impedance inversion based on seismic forward modeling theory, has played a crucial role in practical applications of fractured-vuggy reservoir inversion. For example, in actual work areas, there are typical characteristics of fractured-vuggy reservoirs, such as discretely distributed strong amplitude "beaded" responses in seismic profiles, and insufficient well logging information. This embodiment's technical solution constructs the target equation for post-stack impedance inversion. Based on this equation, and in conjunction with an active profile model framework, subsequent work such as constructing the impedance inversion objective function is carried out, ensuring that the entire inversion process closely reflects the actual geological and seismic data of the work area. During actual inversion, the relationships embodied in the target equation can be used to accurately solve for relevant parameters. The final inversion results clearly present the impedance parameters and boundary conditions of the fractured-vuggy reservoir, avoiding inaccuracies caused by limitations in well logging information.

[0070] Based on the above embodiments, the steps of solving the wave impedance inversion objective function to obtain the impedance parameters and boundary set of the slotted reservoir include: solving the wave impedance inversion objective function using the conjugate gradient method and / or a quasi-Newton nonlinear inversion device to obtain the impedance parameters and boundary set of the slotted reservoir.

[0071] The technical problem to be solved in this embodiment is how to solve the wave impedance inversion objective function. In the technical solution of this embodiment, the process of solving the wave impedance inversion objective function to obtain the impedance parameters and boundary set of a slotted reservoir utilizes the conjugate gradient method and / or a quasi-Newtonian nonlinear inversion device. The conjugate gradient method iteratively calculates and gradually approximates the optimal solution based on information such as the gradient of the objective function. In each iteration, the direction is adjusted based on the existing calculation results, moving towards a smaller objective function value. The quasi-Newtonian nonlinear inversion device is also based on the iterative principle, using approximate Hessian matrix and other relevant information to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the solution, and can better handle nonlinear objective functions. When solving the wave impedance inversion objective function, a suitable device is selected or a combination of these two devices is used, depending on the characteristics of the function and the actual data. The two-dimensional longitudinal wave impedance model space and the interface set in the objective function are processed separately, thereby gradually obtaining the impedance parameters and boundary set of the slotted reservoir.

[0072] The technical solution of this embodiment, by employing the conjugate gradient method and / or a quasi-Newtonian nonlinear inversion device to solve the acoustic impedance inversion objective function, has shown significant effectiveness in practical applications of fractured-vuggy reservoir inversion. For example, in a certain actual work area, which exhibits typical fractured-vuggy reservoir characteristics and suffers from limited well logging information, the technical solution of this embodiment, when faced with complex geological conditions and the corresponding acoustic impedance inversion objective function, leverages the iterative characteristics of the conjugate gradient method and the advantages of the quasi-Newtonian nonlinear inversion device in handling nonlinear problems. This allows for the accurate extraction of the impedance parameters and boundary set of the fractured-vuggy reservoir from the objective function. The final inversion result clearly characterizes the boundaries of the fractured-vuggy bodies, effectively reflecting their distribution and shape in the profile. This avoids the need for traditional methods relying on statistical thresholds based on well logging and drilling information, which are inconsistent with the discrete distribution characteristics of fractured-vuggy reservoirs in the work area.

[0073] Example 8

[0074] In the technical solution of this embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory. The processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the inversion method for slotted reservoirs in any of the above embodiments.

[0075] In the technical solution of this embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the inversion method for any of the slotted storage collections described in the above embodiments.

[0076] In the technical solution of this embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the inversion method for any of the slotted reservoirs described in the above embodiments.

[0077] The processor may include, but is not limited to, one or more processors or microprocessors. Each processor may be implemented as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Digital Signal Processing Device (DSPD), Programmable Logic Device (PLD), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or other electronic component, for performing the methods in the above embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium may be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, and may include, but is not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, computer storage media (e.g., hard disk, floppy disk, solid-state drive, removable disk, CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, Blu-ray disc, etc.).

[0078] Computer-readable storage media may also store at least one computer-executable program / instruction, such as computer-readable instructions. Computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to, volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. Volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory. Computer-readable storage media may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc. For example, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be connected to a computing device such as a computer, and then, when the computing device executes the computer-readable instructions stored on the computer-readable storage medium, the various methods described above can be performed.

[0079] In addition, the computer device may also include (but is not limited to) a data bus, an input / output (I / O) bus, a display, and input / output devices (e.g., a keyboard, mouse, speakers, etc.). The processor can communicate with external devices via the I / O bus through a wired or wireless network. In one embodiment, the at least one computer-executable instruction may also be compiled into or comprise a software product / computer program product, wherein one or more computer-executable instructions, when executed by the processor, perform the steps of the various functions and / or methods in the embodiments described herein.

[0080] Example 9

[0081] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment provides an application example.

[0082] This application example provides a method for simultaneously inverting the elastic parameters and boundary surfaces of fractured-vuggy reservoirs based on an active profile model. This invention belongs to the field of seismic data interpretation technology, specifically a reservoir inversion method based on an optimization framework of an active profile model. This method, based on the traditional multichannel impedance inversion functional, incorporates unit boundary integration terms and block smoothing terms, forming an objective functional with two unknowns: the model's elastic parameters and the parameters of the model's internal boundary set. This allows for the simultaneous solution of the elastic parameters of the fractured-vuggy reservoir and the reservoir boundary.

[0083] Fractured-vuggy reservoirs are favorable areas for hydrocarbon accumulation, and the study of their fine contour features is a key factor affecting development. The deep burial depth, weak signal, and complex structural characteristics of fractured-vuggy reservoirs make prediction challenging, impacting high-precision prediction and target design.

[0084] Current research on the external contours of fractured and vulcanized reservoirs mainly utilizes attribute and inversion methods to characterize the subsurface medium. Then, it spatially sculpts fractured and vulcanized reservoirs using statistical values ​​of reservoir parameters from existing drilling and logging data. However, in areas with limited logging data, the small sample size and distribution of statistical samples lead to inaccurate threshold results. Furthermore, due to the small-scale, discrete development characteristics of fractured and vulcanized reservoirs, the regularization effects of traditional deterministic inversion techniques result in low spatial resolution. Therefore, this field needs to overcome the limitations of conventional methods and develop new inversion methods to simultaneously invert the boundaries and parameters of fractured and vulcanized reservoirs, improve the distinguishability of reservoir inversion results, and obtain deterministic reservoir boundaries through calculation, avoiding over-reliance on statistical thresholds.

[0085] To address the current technical challenges in the precise characterization of fractures and cavities and the deterministic prediction of reservoir boundaries, this invention establishes an inversion method based on an active contour model framework. This method employs an active contour model framework, which has a segmentation effect on the model, to establish an inversion target functional function containing both impedance and boundary parameters. This functional adds a boundary set parameter integration term based on elliptic fitting and a piecewise smoothing term based on the current boundary set results to the traditional wave impedance inversion functional. By solving the inversion target functional using a quasi-Newtonian nonlinear inversion method, high-resolution characterization of the elastic parameter model and simultaneous prediction of elastic parameters and fracture / cavity boundaries are achieved, thereby improving the accuracy of reservoir characterization.

[0086] The main contents of this invention include: preprocessing for inversion; constructing an active contour model framework containing internal boundary parameters; constructing a wave impedance inversion objective function based on the active contour model; and iteratively calculating impedance parameters and boundary sets. Detailed flowcharts are attached. Figure 3 As shown.

[0087] The first step, preprocessing for the inversion:

[0088] Based on well logging information and wellside seismic trace data, the wavelet spectrum and phase spectrum are estimated through seismic spectral analysis, the seismic wavelet is extracted, and well-seismic calibration of well logging data and seismic data is performed using seismic convolution forward modeling.

[0089] Generally, the interface set should be initialized to 0 initially to ensure efficient acquisition of structural unit boundary information. However, in practice, if a reliable prior model is available, the initial interface set can be set based on prior geological understanding, such as stratigraphic positions or discretely distributed structural aberrations. For fracture-vuggy reservoirs, an initial model of the interface set v can be constructed using sensitive seismic properties (such as relative impedance and reflected energy). The interface set ranges from 0 to 1, where 0 represents the interface development location and 1 represents the parameter smoothing location.

[0090] The second step is to construct the active contour model framework:

[0091] The functional of the active contour model can be expressed by expression 1 as follows:

[0092]

[0093] The active contour model framework shown in Expression 1 includes a data fitting term, a block smoothing term, and a model internal parameter interface integration term.

[0094] In Expression 1, i represents the output model after model segmentation, g represents the original model, v represents the smooth approximation of the boundary set, and ε is the focusing factor of the boundary set.

[0095] In Expression 1, the smooth approximation v of the boundary set satisfies the condition 0 ≤ v ≤ 1. When the smooth approximation v(x) of the boundary set is approximately equal to 1, it can be understood that point x is within a continuous unit medium. When the smooth approximation v(x) of the boundary set is approximately equal to 0, it can be understood that x is on the boundary of a unit with numerical variation. Simultaneously, the focus factor ε of the boundary set controls the drasticness or speed of numerical variation at the boundary position in Model i. The smaller the focus factor ε, the more drastic the numerical variation at the boundary position, resulting in a more refined boundary set. Conversely, the larger the focus factor ε, the smoother the numerical variation at the boundary position, resulting in a more blurred boundary set.

[0096] Since the approximation v of the boundary set in expression 1 is a continuous function, we can obtain the partial derivative of expression 1 with respect to the smooth approximation v of the boundary set, as shown in expression 2:

[0097]

[0098] The solution to the boundary set can be obtained when the value of expression 2 is 0.

[0099] Additionally, it's important to note that the two weighting factors, α and β, also play a crucial role in solving the boundary set problem. A larger value for the first weighting factor, α, means a stronger smoothness within each cell of the segmented image, resulting in weaker gradients at image boundaries being ignored due to the smoothing effect. Conversely, a larger value for the second weighting factor, β, means a stronger penalty on the overall boundary set length, leading to a smaller integral length for the boundary set. This, in turn, implies a larger scale for segmenting cells within the image. Figure 4 The comparison of the interface sets obtained under different weight factor parameters is shown.

[0100] The third step is to construct the wave impedance inversion objective function based on the active profile model:

[0101] The data fitting term in the second step is only the segmentation effect of the original model. The objective function can be constructed simply by replacing the data fitting term with the fitting term of wave impedance inversion. However, traditional single-channel wave impedance inversion cannot apply two-dimensional or multi-dimensional constraints, so multi-channel wave impedance inversion must be used.

[0102] The single-channel seismic convolution model can be expressed by expression 3:

[0103]

[0104] S = AX (3)

[0105] In expression 3, s n w represents the amplitude value at each sampling point in a single-channel seismic record. nS represents the discretized wavelet amplitude value corresponding to the time sampling, S is the single-channel seismic record vector, A is the forward calculation submatrix, and X is the model parameter vector.

[0106] The theory behind two-dimensional impedance inversion is not significantly different from that of one-dimensional impedance inversion; both are based on the single-trace convolutional model seismic forward modeling method. In two-dimensional impedance inversion, it is simply a matter of simultaneously establishing all seismic traces on the two-dimensional seismic profile during the inversion process. Assuming there exists m...

[0107] Based on the seismic records and Expression 3, the forward modeling equations for the two-dimensional case, as shown in Expression 4, can be derived:

[0108]

[0109] In expression 4, D is an m x n - 1 matrix, representing the seismic profile corresponding to the two-dimensional time-domain model. Each S in matrix D... i Both represent one-dimensional seismic data. A is the same as the P-wave impedance inversion in the one-dimensional case, and M is an m x n two-dimensional P-wave impedance model matrix, where each X... i Both are column vectors, representing a one-dimensional longitudinal wave impedance model. Using expression 4, we can obtain the objective equation for post-stack wave impedance inversion in the two-dimensional multi-channel case, as shown in expression 5:

[0110]

[0111] By replacing the model fitting term in Expression 1 with the inversion term on the right side of Equation 5, we can construct the wave impedance inversion objective function based on the active profile model as shown in Expression 6:

[0112]

[0113]

[0114] In the wave impedance inversion objective function based on the active profile model described in Expression 6, M(m) represents the two-dimensional longitudinal wave impedance model space, and m represents the model parameters in the space.

[0115] Step 4: Iteratively calculate the impedance parameters and boundary set:

[0116] Solving Expression 6 can be divided into two parts: the two-dimensional longitudinal wave impedance model space M(m) and the interface set v. The partial derivatives of the model parameter m in the space are mainly related to the first two terms of the expression. The partial derivative of the first data fitting term is the same as in traditional inversion methods, plus a Tikhonov regularized partial derivative multiplied by the square of the boundary set. The partial derivative of Expression 6 with respect to the boundary set v is consistent with Expression 2. These partial derivatives yield the gradient, which can then be solved using iterative methods, such as the conjugate gradient method or the quasi-Newton method, ultimately resulting in the constrained inversion wave impedance model and the deterministic internal model boundary set.

[0117] The innovation of this invention lies in the fact that by introducing active contour model constraints, point element inversion is transformed into unit cell inversion to a certain extent, and impedance and unit cell boundary are inverted at the same time. Based on the inversion results of unit cell boundary, the boundary of fractured-vuggy reservoir is more clearly defined, the inversion is more convergent, and the multiple solutions are reduced.

[0118] Compared with related technologies, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) It utilizes the active contour model framework to simultaneously invert reservoir boundaries and reservoir parameters. Compared with traditional threshold processing, it can obtain deterministic reservoir contours and directly perform three-dimensional carving through boundary sets, avoiding the error caused by statistical drilling information to determine the threshold value; (2) Based on the characteristics of the active contour model framework, the traditional point element inversion is transformed into block inversion after segmentation by adding boundary sets, which better integrates reservoir prior information to avoid reservoir inversion falling into local extrema, and at the same time has better complex structure recovery capability.

[0119] Appendix Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of simultaneously inverting the elastic parameters and boundary surfaces of a slotted reservoir based on an active profile model; (Attached) Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the segmentation effect of an active contour model framework under different weight parameters for a simple model.

[0120] Figure 4 (a) is the simple model boundary used for testing, with a background parameter of 10 and two squares with parameters of 1 and 2 stacked in the middle respectively; Figure 4 (b) The three weighting factor parameters are selected as α = 1e -2 ,β=1e -5 ,ε=1e -2 The obtained boundary set; Figure 4 (c) represents the weighting factor parameters α = 1e -2 ,β=1e -5 ,ε=1e -1 The obtained boundary set; Figure 4 (d) represents parameters α = 1e -2 ,β=1e -3,ε=1e -1 The obtained boundary set. (Appendix) Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the actual seismic data profile; attached. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the initial model of the interface set; attached. Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the interface set inversion results; attached. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the wave impedance inversion results.

[0121] To address the problem of inverting the parameters and interface profiles of fractured-vuggy reservoirs, this invention can simultaneously invert the acoustic impedance parameters and interface information of fractured-vuggy reservoirs, while highlighting the abrupt changes in these reservoirs. This provides a new approach and solution for the detailed study of fractured-vuggy reservoirs. A flowchart is attached. Figure 3 As shown.

[0122] This application example uses seismic data from a specific work area as the inversion example. The goal of this example is to invert the fracture-vuggy reservoir of the Yijianfang Formation in the Ordovician strata. This work area exhibits typical fracture-vuggy reservoir characteristics due to hydrothermal dissolution and multiple phases of tectonic movement, characterized by a discrete, high-amplitude "beaded" response in the seismic profile. For this type of reservoir with strong impedance abrupt changes, diverse shapes and patterns, and discrete distribution, this inversion method can better highlight the reservoir and recover a better reservoir morphology and boundary.

[0123] Time-domain seismic profile diagram as follows Figure 5 As shown, the data includes 411 seismic channels with a channel spacing of 25 meters and a time sampling interval of 2 milliseconds. Due to engineering safety concerns, subsequent well sections in this work area were not subjected to sonic logging after encountering drilling losses. Therefore, the logging information for most wells only extends to the top of the target layer, lacking effective prior model information. However, carbonate rock strata generally exhibit non-layered deposition; therefore, this invention sets the initial acoustic impedance model within the target layer to a mean model of 16600 g / cc*m / s, which is the statistical average value of the dense surrounding rock of the target layer in this work area. Figure 6 The initial interface set is calculated by the relative impedance limiting reflection intensity method introduced in this invention. This initial interface set is obtained by binarizing the relative impedance attribute and the reflection intensity attribute point-to-point multiplication and normalizing.

[0124] The inversion weighting factor parameters are set to α = 1e -4 ,β=1e -4 ,ε=1e -1 The smaller α is used to ensure that the background impedance is not overly smoothed, thus ensuring a faster descent of the objective function; the larger β is used to retain only the strong impedance interface of the slot, thus highlighting only the parameter changes of the slot; and the larger ε is used to avoid excessive artifacts in the inversion results. The inversion was performed for 60 iterations, and the final results are shown below. Figure 7, Figure 8 . Figure 7 It is the inversion result profile of the interface set. Figure 8 This is a profile of the P-wave impedance inversion results. It can be seen that, under the constraints of the initial interface set, the low-impedance medium at the location of fractured-vuggy reservoir development is well highlighted. The profile clearly reflects the distribution and shape of the fractures and cavities. Simultaneously, the inverted boundary set clearly delineates the boundaries of the fractures and cavities, avoiding the use of statistical thresholds from logging and drilling information. The inversion results clearly show the lateral variations of the surrounding rock and reservoir, avoiding the layered phenomenon seen in traditional inversions, which is consistent with the discrete distribution characteristics of fractured-vuggy reservoirs.

[0125] Figure 8 The blue line represents the well trajectory of well A15. The black curve on the well trajectory represents drilling fluid loss events encountered during drilling. The well trajectory showed a large amount of loss when drilling to the top of the fracture cavity indicated by the inversion. It was later explained that this area was a Class II reservoir section, which is consistent with the inversion results of this invention, thus confirming the accuracy of the inversion.

[0126] This invention establishes a method for simultaneous inversion of elastic parameters and boundary surfaces of fractured-vuggy reservoirs based on an active profile model. Building upon multichannel seismic inversion, an active profile model is introduced to transform simple wave impedance inversion into simultaneous inversion of wave impedance and tectonic interfaces. During the inversion process, based on the cell segmentation characteristics of the active profile model framework for model parameters, pixel inversion is to some extent transformed into cell inversion. The result shows that the edges of the geological body blocks divided according to the tectonic interfaces remain smooth. This method overcomes the stratification and excessive smoothing issues in fractured-vuggy reservoir inversion. Simultaneously, image segmentation features improve the convergence of the inversion and the interpretability of the results, increasing the success rate of drilling into high-quality reservoirs, and has promising application prospects.

[0127] In the embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can also be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than those marked in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in a block diagram and / or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or action, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0128] It should be noted that, in this invention, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element limited by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0129] While the embodiments disclosed in this invention are as described above, the above content is merely for the purpose of facilitating understanding of this invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make any modifications and changes in form and detail of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed in this invention; however, the scope of patent protection of this invention shall still be determined by the scope defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method of inversion of a fractured-vug reservoir, characterized in that, The method includes: Construct an active contour model framework for slotted reservoirs; Constructing a wave impedance inversion objective function based on an active contour model framework; Solve the wave impedance inversion objective function to obtain the impedance parameters and boundary set of the slotted reservoir.

2. The method for inversion of a fractured-vug reservoir body of claim 1, wherein, The step of constructing the active contour model framework for the slotted reservoir further includes: Acquire well logging information and wellside seismic trace data; Well-seismic calibration is performed based on well logging information and wellside seismic trace data. Substitute well seismic calibration data into the active profile model framework of fractured-vuggy reservoirs.

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The active contour model framework includes: data fitting terms, block smoothing terms, and model internal parameter interface integration terms.

4. The method for inversion of a fractured-vug reservoir body of claim 3, wherein, The objective function for wave impedance inversion constructed based on the active contour model framework includes: The data fitting term in the active profile model framework is replaced with the inversion term in the objective equation of the post-stack wave impedance inversion to obtain the wave impedance inversion objective function.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The objective equation for the post-stack impedance inversion includes the objective equation for the post-stack impedance inversion in the two-dimensional multi-channel case.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The steps of solving the wave impedance inversion objective function to obtain the impedance parameters and boundary set of the slotted reservoir include: The impedance parameters and boundary set of the slotted reservoir are obtained by solving the objective function of wave impedance inversion using the conjugate gradient method and / or the quasi-Newtonian nonlinear inversion method.

7. An inversion apparatus for a fractured-vug reservoir, characterized by, The device includes: The framework building module is used to construct the active contour model framework of the slotted reservoir. The function building module is used to construct the wave impedance inversion objective function based on the active contour model framework; The function solving module is used to solve the wave impedance inversion objective function to obtain the impedance parameters and boundary set of the slotted reservoir.

8. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory, wherein the computer program comprises instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-7. The processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the inversion method for slotted reservoirs according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the inversion method for slotted reservoirs as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the inversion method for slotted reservoirs as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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